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Journal articles on the topic 'Design for Social Good'
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Abebe, Rediet, and Kira Goldner. "Mechanism design for social good." AI Matters 4, no. 3 (October 19, 2018): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3284751.3284761.
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Stelzer, Kevin. "Sustainability = Good Design." Les ateliers de l'éthique 1, no. 2 (April 18, 2018): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1044679ar.
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Sustainable design is fundamentally a subset of good design. The description of good design will eventually include criteria for the creation of a healthy environment and energy efficiency. These goals will be achieved by an emergent paradigm of design practice: integration. At every level design interests will come together to facilitate common goals for the creation of a rewarding present and a healthy future. Interdisciplinary design teams will flourish. Inter-accommodating and fluidly communicating political structures will grow. Coalescing social values and economic forces will propel integrated strategies. Unique and innovative solutions will increasingly become the objective. One eventual outcome of this integrated or sustainable design practice will be the development of buildings that produce more energy than they consume.
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Lauche, Kristina. "Job design for good design practice." Design Studies 26, no. 2 (March 2005): 191–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2004.09.002.
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Hasdell, Peter. "Activating Design Social." Cubic Journal, no. 1 (April 2018): 152–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31182/cubic.2018.1.009.
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Does the social turn in design enable transformative change in design and society? Or is it incremental change, where design confirms existing social systems with little impact? Many claims for design social have been made, often underpinned by the altruism of doing good and social engagement. The recent popularity of social design, design activism, service design, co-design, and commoning, show design as conjoined to other disciplines, but to what end? What role does design play within dialogical pairings? Does the socialising of design diffuse the agency of design to the social sciences? As we interrogate and define, conceptually and in praxis, the hybridisation of two different domains, there is a need to critically engage the question of how to define ways in which design social can become an impactful, rather simply than a consensual, confirmation. In addition this enquiry is to seek out how design social can lead to transformative moments within design practice that impacts design methodologies, social structures and its agencies.
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Floridi, Luciano, Josh Cowls, Thomas C. King, and Mariarosaria Taddeo. "How to Design AI for Social Good: Seven Essential Factors." Science and Engineering Ethics 26, no. 3 (April 3, 2020): 1771–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11948-020-00213-5.
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Umbrello, Steven, and Ibo van de Poel. "Mapping value sensitive design onto AI for social good principles." AI and Ethics 1, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43681-021-00038-3.
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AbstractValue sensitive design (VSD) is an established method for integrating values into technical design. It has been applied to different technologies and, more recently, to artificial intelligence (AI). We argue that AI poses a number of challenges specific to VSD that require a somewhat modified VSD approach. Machine learning (ML), in particular, poses two challenges. First, humans may not understand how an AI system learns certain things. This requires paying attention to values such as transparency, explicability, and accountability. Second, ML may lead to AI systems adapting in ways that ‘disembody’ the values embedded in them. To address this, we propose a threefold modified VSD approach: (1) integrating a known set of VSD principles (AI4SG) as design norms from which more specific design requirements can be derived; (2) distinguishing between values that are promoted and respected by the design to ensure outcomes that not only do no harm but also contribute to good, and (3) extending the VSD process to encompass the whole life cycle of an AI technology to monitor unintended value consequences and redesign as needed. We illustrate our VSD for AI approach with an example use case of a SARS-CoV-2 contact tracing app.
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Sosa, Manuel E. "How Design Can Boost Social Impact and Business Results: The Value of Good Design." IESE Insight, no. 37 (June 2018): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/002.art-3169.
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Goldschmidt, Gabriela, and Dan Tatsa. "How good are good ideas? Correlates of design creativity." Design Studies 26, no. 6 (November 2005): 593–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2005.02.004.
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Abebe, Rediet, and Kira Goldner. "A report on the workshop on mechanism design for social good." ACM SIGecom Exchanges 16, no. 2 (May 7, 2019): 2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3331041.3331043.
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Nguyen, Ha, Kyu Yon Lim, Liang Li Wu, Christian Fischer, and Mark Warschauer. "“We're looking good”: Social exchange and regulation temporality in collaborative design." Learning and Instruction 74 (August 2021): 101443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2021.101443.
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Berberich, Nicolas, Toyoaki Nishida, and Shoko Suzuki. "Harmonizing Artificial Intelligence for Social Good." Philosophy & Technology 33, no. 4 (September 1, 2020): 613–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13347-020-00421-8.
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Abstract To become more broadly applicable, positions on AI ethics require perspectives from non-Western regions and cultures such as China and Japan. In this paper, we propose that the addition of the concept of harmony to the discussion on ethical AI would be highly beneficial due to its centrality in East Asian cultures and its applicability to the challenge of designing AI for social good. We first present a synopsis of different definitions of harmony in multiple contexts, such as music and society, which reveals that the concept is, at its core, about well-balanced relationships and appropriate actions which give rise to order, balance, and aesthetically pleasing phenomena. The mediator for these well-balanced relationships is Takt which is an ability to act thoughtfully and sensibly according to the specific situation and to put things into proportion and order. We propose that the central challenge of building harmonizing AI is to make intelligent systems tactful and also to design and use them tactfully. For an AI system to become tactful, it needs to be able to have an advanced sensitivity to the specific contexts which it is in and their social and ethical implications and have the capability of approximately inferring the emotional and cognitive states of people with whom it is interacting.
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Brough, Melissa, Ioana Literat, and Amanda Ikin. "“Good Social Media?”: Underrepresented Youth Perspectives on the Ethical and Equitable Design of Social Media Platforms." Social Media + Society 6, no. 2 (April 2020): 205630512092848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305120928488.
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This study investigates underrepresented youths’ perspectives on social media design and how these may inform the development of more ethical and equitable social media apps. In contrast to the tradition of universal design in the field of human–computer interaction, this study centers difference to investigate how users’ perspectives and expectations, shaped by their identities, help determine the affordances of social media and their ethical implications. Twenty-five in-depth interviews and youth-guided “think aloud” social media tours were carried out with a diverse range of young people from underrepresented groups. Findings illustrate how young people perceive and experience empowering and disempowering aspects of social media design. Interviewees expressed a palpable sense of underrepresentation in the digital technology design sector and noted several ways in which design elements of social media can exacerbate a sense of inadequacy. The negative implications of user profile design and popularity rating systems that encourage conformity were found to be of particular concern for low-income youth, youth of color, and other underrepresented groups. However, our findings also illuminate youth perspectives on how social media can sometimes serve as a tool to counter negative stereotypes and build social capital. The analysis includes concrete suggestions from underrepresented youth for more ethical and equitable social media design.
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Benito-Santos, Alejandro, Amelie Dorn, Antonio G. Losada Gómez, Thomas Palfinger, Roberto Therón Sánchez, and Eveline Wandl-Vogt. "Playing Design." Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 14, no. 2 (June 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3427380.
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This article reports on the experience of co-designing an educational video game aimed at promoting good dietary habits in youngsters and fostering Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), and SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals). To ensure the quality of the results, we developed a methodology under a social innovation paradigm that enabled the co-creation of the game. The methodology was driven by a series of three workshops, during which we adopted several different gamification strategies to support a Participatory Design (PD) process with the stakeholders, a group of local pre-teen and teen girls at social risk (N = 22). Captured requirements materialized into intermediate prototype evaluations that motivated a progressive refinement of the game.
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Roundy, Philip T. "“Doing good” while serving customers." Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship 19, no. 2 (October 16, 2017): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrme-03-2017-0009.
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Purpose Social entrepreneurship represents an unconventional, but increasingly prevalent, activity in developed and emerging economies. Social entrepreneurs devise novel business models that blend business and social missions with the aim of (co-)producing value with two primary stakeholder groups, beneficiaries and customers. Although interactions between social entrepreneurs and their beneficiaries are well-studied, the relationship between social ventures and consumers has received almost no extended attention. Design/methodology/approach Using a qualitative, partially-inductive approach based on interviews with 40 social entrepreneurs, a study of how social entrepreneurs market their ventures to consumers was conducted. Findings Findings reveal the ways in which marketing is relevant for social entrepreneurs, the unique challenges and opportunities entrepreneurs face in their interactions with customers, and the tactics entrepreneurs use to understand and educate their consumers. Originality/value The study’s findings contribute to work on social entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurship and marketing interface and have practical implications for social entrepreneurs.
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Onyeulo, Eva Blessing, and Vaibhav Gandhi. "What Makes a Social Robot Good at Interacting with Humans?" Information 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11010043.
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This paper discusses the nuances of a social robot, how and why social robots are becoming increasingly significant, and what they are currently being used for. This paper also reflects on the current design of social robots as a means of interaction with humans and also reports potential solutions about several important questions around the futuristic design of these robots. The specific questions explored in this paper are: “Do social robots need to look like living creatures that already exist in the world for humans to interact well with them?”; “Do social robots need to have animated faces for humans to interact well with them?”; “Do social robots need to have the ability to speak a coherent human language for humans to interact well with them?” and “Do social robots need to have the capability to make physical gestures for humans to interact well with them?”. This paper reviews both verbal as well as nonverbal social and conversational cues that could be incorporated into the design of social robots, and also briefly discusses the emotional bonds that may be built between humans and robots. Facets surrounding acceptance of social robots by humans and also ethical/moral concerns have also been discussed.
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Tetrault Sirsly, Carol-Ann, Elena Lvina, and Catalin Ratiu. "Good neighbor or good employer?" Journal of Global Responsibility 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2019): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgr-03-2019-0033.
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Purpose This study aims to test Mattingly and Berman’s (2006) taxonomy of social actions and develops divergent expectations for corporate social responsibility (CSR) dimensions directed toward institutional and technical stakeholders, with an aim to determine when CSR directed to different stakeholders is most likely to improve corporate reputation. Design/methodology/approach A longitudinal sample of 285 major US corporations was used to quantitatively test the hypotheses. Data was sourced from KLD, Osiris and Fortune MAC. Findings Strengths in CSR and actions directed toward technical stakeholders influence corporate reputation in a more profound way, when compared to those directed toward institutional stakeholders. Contrary to the authors’ prediction, institutional concerns do not demonstrate a significant growth or reduction over the five-year period. Research limitations/implications This study provides a longitudinal test of Mattingly and Berman’s (2006) taxonomy of CSR actions and makes an important methodological contribution by operationalizing CSR not as a continuum from strengths to concerns, rather as two distinct constructs. Practical implications Management practice can benefit from a more fine-grained approach to stakeholder expectations and reputation outcomes. The results of this study leverage relevant stakeholder impact while allowing firms to appreciate the change in CSR actions and to measure it accordingly, such that the undesirable status quo that leads to potential loss in reputation growth can be avoided. Social implications As organizations explore ways to effectively engage stakeholders for mutual benefit, this research shows how firms can have a positive impact. Originality/value This study tests and extends theory through an integrated lens, built on the stakeholder and resource dependence theories, while directing management attention to the broader reputational outcomes of targeted CSR initiatives. It provides justification for CSR investments over time.
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Stuebs, Marty, and Li Sun. "Corporate governance and social responsibility." International Journal of Law and Management 57, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-04-2014-0034.
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Purpose – This paper aims to draw on the stakeholder theory to examine the association between corporate governance and social responsibility. Design/methodology/approach – This paper hypothesized that corporate governance is positively associated with corporate social responsibility (CSR), and good corporate governance also leads to good social responsibility in the following year. Corporate governance was measured by using the corporate governance index provided by Brown and Caylor (2006, 2009). CSR data come from Kinder, Lydenberg and Domini (KLD), Inc. Findings – Regression analysis documents significant evidence to support a positive association between corporate governance and social responsibility. Evidence suggests that good governance leads to good CSR performance. Originality/value – The results should interest managers who engage in behavior leading to or maintaining strong corporate governance mechanisms, financial analysts who conduct research on corporate governance and firm performance and policymakers who design and implement guidelines on corporate governance mechanisms. Moreover, results of this study can increase individual investors’ confidence in investing in companies with stronger corporate governance.
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Aagerup, Ulf, and Jonas Nilsson. "Green consumer behavior: being good or seeming good?" Journal of Product & Brand Management 25, no. 3 (May 16, 2016): 274–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-06-2015-0903.
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Purpose This paper aims to expand the emerging field of symbolic green consumer behavior (GCB) by investigating the impact of anticipated conspicuousness of the consumption situation on consumers’ choice of organic products. In addition, the paper also explores whether self-monitoring ability and attention to social comparison information (ATSCI) influence GCB in situations of anticipated high conspicuousness. Design/methodology/approach Two experiments test the study’s hypotheses. Findings The results of both experiments show that the anticipation of conspicuousness has a significant effect on GCB. Moreover, in Experiment 2, this effect is moderated by consumers’ level of ATSCI but not by their self-monitoring ability. Research limitations/implications Because ATSCI significantly interacts with green consumption because of the anticipation of a conspicuous setting, although self-monitoring ability does not, we conclude that social identification is an important determinant of green consumption. Practical implications Marketers who focus on building green brands could consider designing conspicuous consumption situations to increase GCB. Social implications Policymakers could enact change by making the environmental unfriendliness of non-eco-friendly products visible to the public and thus increase the potential for GCB. Originality/value The results validate the emerging understanding that green products are consumed for self-enhancement, but also expand the literature by highlighting that a key motivating factor of GCB is the desire to fit in.
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Chen, Lu. "Differentiating good from bad." Social Transformations in Chinese Societies 12, no. 2 (October 3, 2016): 166–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/stics-08-2016-0011.
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Purpose The paper aims to reveal how the Chinese government has tried to regulate transnational cultural flows by applying cultural policies. Design/methodology/approach The paper compares the dissemination of different foreign television programmes in China since the 1980s. The documents of cultural policy released since 1990s, news reports and the statistics of imported dramas since 2000s will be analyzed. Findings The research finds that the Chinese government has treated cultural products from different countries in unequal ways. Political-diplomatic relationships and the need for ideological control, influence the making of cultural policy. Restricting the quota of imported dramas, censorship and propaganda are measures taken by the Chinese government to regulate transnational cultural flows. Research limitations/implications The paper mainly focuses on platforms such as state-owned television stations and internet. The role of pay-cable channel in disseminating imported dramas should be taken into consideration in the future research. Practical implications The paper provides a systematic understanding on the development of Chinese cultural policy. Originality/value The paper offers an alternative approach to explore the policy-oriented dissemination of transnational cultural flows other than market-oriented dissemination.
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Menhem, Nayla, Liliane Elias Youakim, and Aliaa Khoury. "The good thymes for a good time." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 9, no. 3 (November 15, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-05-2019-0113.
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Learning outcomes This case focuses on social entrepreneurship where social externalities lie behind a commercial activity. It aims to help students understand the ins and outs of social entrepreneurship concept and justify its application or not to “The Good Thymes”. It leads to an in-depth reflection in the strategic management field but within the framework of a social enterprise. It presents a good foundation to help students applying the strategic tools to this particular context. It aims to help master’s students in the business field to explain the concept of social entrepreneurship by drawing out its elements from the case study, identify and list the components of business development and management, design "The Good Thymes" business model and list its value chain and evaluate the future orientation of a company based on its characteristics. Case overview/synopsis Young, ambitious, in love with his native village "Kfarhouna", in Southern Lebanon, Fady Aziz, a branding specialist living in the capital Beirut, proposed in January 2016, in a friendly discussion, to the priest of the monastery of Saint-Georges to rent him an agricultural land. He aims to have a reason, at the end of the week, to go up in his village with his family. Skeptical to the idea, the priest accused him of "not understanding anything about agriculture" and challenged him to propose a valuable agricultural project likely to make him change his mind. M. Fady Aziz fought to meet this challenge which will allow him not only to reinvigorate his abandoned village but also to reconnect with his origins. He obtained the right to exploit a plot of land belonging to the Monastery of St. Georges. He had the idea of planting thyme and transformed his "hobby" into the outset of a long journey where his products crossed the borders, under a purely artisanal brand: "The Good Thymes". Today, M. Aziz is facing a new challenge: Would he be able to fulfill all these orders and remain faithful to the philosophy that led him to invest in his village without impairing the natural and artisanal aspect of his thyme? Complexity academic level Master in Business. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.
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Newton, Rita, Marcus Ormerod, Elizabeth Burton, Lynne Mitchell, and Catharine Ward‐Thompson. "Increasing Independence for Older People through Good Street Design." Journal of Integrated Care 18, no. 3 (June 2010): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5042/jic.2010.0246.
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Kennedy, Ann-Marie, and Andrew Parsons. "Social engineering and social marketing: why is one “good” and the other “bad”?" Journal of Social Marketing 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsocm-01-2014-0006.
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Purpose – The aim of this article is to explore how social engineering and social marketing are connected, and how social marketing is a tool used to achieve adherence to social engineering. Design/methodology/approach – Through examination of contemporary and historical thinking around social marketing, we present a conceptual argument that social marketing is another tool of the social engineer, and that social engineering, through methods such as social marketing, is pervasive throughout all societies in positive ways. Findings – We develop a conceptual model of social engineering and social marketing, which goes beyond behaviour change to incorporate the essentials of society and the influencers of those essentials. In doing so, we show that social marketing influenced behaviour lies within the social engineering influenced laws, codes and norms of society, which in turn lie within the morals, values and beliefs of society. Originality/value – This article provides for the first time a conceptual grounding of social marketing within social engineering, enabling academics and practitioners to contextualise social marketing activities in a broader societal framework.
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Athens, Lucia. "Design for Social Sustainability at Seattle's Central Library." Journal of Green Building 2, no. 1 (February 1, 2007): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.2.1.1.
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As a culture we hold dear social values such as public good, health and well-being, quality of life, diversity, and equity. The focus of this article is how Seattle's Central Library, a Silver LEED™ project, integrates social benefit into its design. While LEED provides credit opportunities for some social issues, many are not addressed by the LEED System. The Seattle project provides a rich example of how to integrate a broader range of social sustainability into green design thinking. Issues for consideration include: design to encourage social interaction, accessibility, economic development, cultural arts, and improved staff efficiency and ergonomics. This discussion searches for lessons learned that might inspire the emergence of new LEED credits.
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Roy, Kaushik, and Amit Karna. "Doing social good on a sustainable basis: competitive advantage of social businesses." Management Decision 53, no. 6 (July 13, 2015): 1355–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-09-2014-0561.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the capabilities of social entrepreneurship (SE) firms and how they achieve competitive advantage while engaging in social value creation. The authors employ a business model perspective to understand the (self-) sustaining mechanism for social good. Design/methodology/approach – The authors carry out an in-depth investigation of three SE ventures. The authors analyse the history of these ventures to determine how they achieved competitive advantage. The cases are analysed based on the internal development in the context of environmental support. Findings – The authors find that SE ventures, like all other organisations, achieve competitive advantage based on available resources such as reputation and network of the founder, managerial experience and other corporate resources within the firm. The authors also find that the competitive advantage often comes from innovate usage – a practice that is reinforced by the support from institutional environment. Research limitations/implications – Due to the case study approach, the research is aimed at theoretical development within the social business literature. The approach makes it difficult for the findings to be universally generalisable. The authors therefore envisage future researchers to test the theoretical propositions. Practical implications – Based on the analysis, the authors conclude that distinct capabilities of social businesses help them achieve competitive advantage, and that policy makers should institutionally support these ventures. The findings stress the importance of resources in sustainability and effectiveness of emerging market SE. Originality/value – The application of a business model perspective in SE is unique, and advances the understanding of social businesses from a strategic management perspective.
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Barnett, Michael L., Irene Henriques, and Bryan W. Husted. "Beyond Good Intentions: Designing CSR Initiatives for Greater Social Impact." Journal of Management 46, no. 6 (January 27, 2020): 937–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206319900539.
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Are corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives providing the societal good that they promise? After decades of CSR studies, we do not have an answer. In this review, we analyze progression of the CSR literature toward assessing the performance of CSR initiatives, identify factors that have limited the literature’s progress, and suggest a new approach to the study of CSR that can overcome these limits. We begin with comprehensive bibliometric mapping illustrating that although social impact has infrequently been its explicit focus, the CSR literature has measured outcomes other than firm performance, especially in the current decade. Thereafter, we conduct a more fine-grained analysis of recent CSR studies. Adapting a logic model framework, we show that even the most highly cited studies have stopped short of assessing social impact, often measuring CSR activities rather than impacts and focusing on benefits to specific stakeholders rather than to wider society. In combination, our analyses suggest that assessment of the performance of CSR initiatives has been driven by the availability of large, public secondary data sources. However, creating more such databases and turning to “big data” analyses are inadequate solutions. Drawing from the impact evaluation literature of development economics, we argue that the CSR field should reconceive itself as a science of design in which researchers formulate CSR initiatives that seek to achieve specific social and environmental objectives. In accordance with this pursuit, CSR researchers should move toward “small data” research designs, which will enable studies to better determine causation rather than just identify correlation.
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Glaveli, Niki, and Konstantinos Geormas. "Doing well and doing good." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 24, no. 1 (January 8, 2018): 147–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-04-2017-0132.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to deepen and expand our understanding on how strategic/market orientation (SO/MO) and a cohesive/shared social vision affect performance in the social enterprise (SE) context. Design/methodology/approach A survey was conducted in Greek SEs. Stepwise and simple regression analyses were applied in order to test the hypothesized relationships among the study variables. Additionally, Baron and Kenny’s (1986) recommendation for exploring mediating effects was followed. Findings The results indicate the crucial role of customer orientation dimension of SO/MO in enhancing commercial effectiveness and subsequently profitability, whilst a cohesive/shared vision was found to have positive direct associations with the social effectiveness and profitability elements of SEs performance. Moreover, the findings provide some indications for the mutually reinforcing relationship between the social and commercial aspects of SEs functioning. Originality/value The current paper contributes to the ongoing quest to understand the strategic management element of SEs and the challenge they face in managing rival logics. Also, it addresses the gap related to the type (mainly qualitative) and geographical concentration of SE research.
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Marmolejo Cossio, Francisco J., and Faidra Monachou. "Novel practices and highlights from the Fourth Workshop on Mechanism Design for Social Good." AI Matters 7, no. 1 (March 2021): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3465074.3465082.
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The Fourth Workshop on Mechanism Design for Social Good was held virtually in August 2020, with a focus on work bridging research and policy. This article represents the experience of the chairs and discusses novel conference-organizing practices aimed at promoting multi-disciplinary research for social good and increasing racial, linguistic, and geographic diversity and inclusion.
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Weinberg, Janice M., and Ken P. Kleinman. "Good Study Design and Analysis Plans as Features of Ethical Research with Humans." IRB: Ethics and Human Research 25, no. 5 (September 2003): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3564600.
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Moody, Stanley. "The good design guide—100 best ever products." Design Studies 6, no. 3 (July 1985): 170–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-694x(85)90008-0.
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Van Riel, Kristijn. "BOOK REVIEW: DESIGN FOR GOOD: A NEW ERA OF ARCHITECTURE FOR EVERYONE." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 12, no. 1 (March 29, 2018): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i1.1546.
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‘Design for Good: A New Era of Architecture for Everyone’ written by John Cary deals with the general topic of social justice in the built environment with a focus on architectural interventions in marginalised communities. The book argues for public interest design and its main message is important and clear: architects can and should serve the public interest, and not only the interest of a privileged few. Everyone deserves good design. In the last fifteen years the proliferation of the social responsibilities of architects and designers is witnessed in the establishment of several important organisations and design firms emphasising social impact as central to their work. Despite following a positive trend, in the global scheme of things, this practice remains rare and is worthy of bringing to the attention of the wider design community and the general population. The book achieves several important objectives: It highlights new ways in which good design can have an impact on the lives of people, especially within deprived communities. It also makes an urgent appeal to designers and community organisations to embrace the principles of public interest design. Simultaneously, it emphasises the long way forward before the wealth of designers worldwide can be successfully tapped for the public good, and articulates a range of challenges for the future.
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Espejo, Raul. "Good social cybernetics is a must in policy processes." Kybernetes 44, no. 6/7 (June 1, 2015): 874–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-02-2015-0050.
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Purpose – Illustrate supported by Beer’s Viable System Model and four vignettes the relevance of self-organisation, recursive structures, self-reference and reflexivity in policy processes. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – First, the concepts of self-organisation, recursive structures, self-reference and reflexivity are briefly discussed to ground policy processes in good cybernetics. Then, with the support of four vignettes, the idea of good cybernetics in policy processes is illustrated. Findings – The cybernetics of policy processes is often ignored. Research limitations/implications – If the purpose of this paper were to influence policy makers it would be necessary to further the empirical base of the four vignettes and clarify desirable forums to ground the relevance of self-organisation, recursive structures, self-reference and reflexivity in policy processes. Practical implications – Beer’s recursive structures, self-reference and reflexivity have much to contribute to the betterment of policy processes and the amelioration of the unbearable social and organisational costs of many current policies. Originality/value – The application of concepts such as self-organisation, recursive structures, self-reference and reflexivity adds to the understanding of policy processes.
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Wang, Liusheng, and Wei Yao. "So Near, so good: Does near-distance perception reduce interpersonal psychological distance?" Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 44, no. 6 (July 15, 2016): 889–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2016.44.6.889.
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We conducted 2 experiments to explore whether or not the perception of interpersonal distance affects interpersonal psychological distance. Experiment 1 (N = 60) involved a mixed design examination of the relationship between distance perception (near vs. far) and gender consistency (consistent vs. inconsistent). The results showed that the figure at a near distance was perceived as being significantly more favorable than that of the figure at a far distance. Experiment 2 (N = 59) used a single-factor randomized design to investigate differences in stimulus size. The results showed that the size did not affect favorability evaluations. Our finding that a near interpersonal distance perception reduced interpersonal psychological distance supports both construal level theory and embodied cognition theory.
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Bichler, Katrin Elisabeth, and Sofie Beier. "Graphic Design for the Real World? Visual Communication’s Potential in Design Activism and Design for Social Change." Artifact 3, no. 4 (July 28, 2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/artifact.v3i4.12974.
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This article examines graphic design’s role within design activism. It outlines design activism in general and its relation to commercial design culture in a consumerist economy. Thereafter it discusses persuasive tendencies in graphic design and questions if its current contribution to design activism is limited to its predominant narrow role of persuading for “the good cause.” To illustrate the hypothesis that such a persuasive approach lacks activist potential and thus social impact, cases that represent traditional graphic-design activism are compared to alternative approaches with an informative rather than persuasive character. The latter cases exemplify how information design can challenge the status quo and range from conventional leaflets to interactive tools and data visualizations. The discussion explores how these cases work as a non-commercial service to its audience, rather than solely solving communicative problems for commissioning clients. It is argued that in this way visual communication can intervene into problems on a functional level, similarly to artifacts from design disciplines such as architecture and industrial or product design.
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Meyer, Heinz-Dieter. "Institutional Design for Collective Action: Tweaking the Rules of the Game for the Common Good." Comparative Sociology 11, no. 1 (2012): 64–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913310x493681.
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Abstract At present, institutional design is an under-theorized and underdeveloped part of the social sciences. In this paper I focus on designs for situations of collective action where the outcome is controlled by the choices of several self-interested actors. In those situations the goal of institutional design is to alter the rules of the game so that self-interested actors find it rational to cooperate. I explore the viability of that definition by considering two examples of institutional design: urban safety and academic peer review. I discuss the implications of my findings for our conception of rational self-interest and propose that three design principles – publicity, boundaries, and contiguity – can be inferred from the analysis.
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Kelly, Michael P., and Tessa A. Moore. "Methodological, Theoretical, Infrastructural, and Design Issues in Conducting Good Outcome Studies." Research on Social Work Practice 21, no. 6 (April 20, 2011): 644–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731511405070.
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This article outlines a set of methodological, theoretical, and other issues relating to the conduct of good outcome studies. The article begins by considering the contribution of evidence-based medicine to the methodology of outcome research. The lessons which can be applied in outcome studies in nonmedical settings are described. The article then examines the role of causal pathways between interventions and outcomes and especially the importance of delineating them in advance of undertaking investigations. The development of designs based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with fully articulated causal pathways is described. Ways of supplementing RCTs with methods to highlight elements in the causal pathway in outcome studies are indicated. The importance of adhering to best practice in reporting and analysis is also noted.
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Li, Dong Mei. "Design & Construction for a Deeper Foundation Pit." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 1949–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.1949.
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Patrignani, Norberto, and Diane Whitehouse. "Slow Tech: a quest for good, clean and fair ICT." Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 12, no. 2 (May 6, 2014): 78–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jices-11-2013-0051.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce the term Slow Tech as a way of describing information and communication technology (ICT) that is good, clean and fair. These are technologies that are human centred, environmentally sustainable and socially desirable. Design/methodology/approach – The paper's approach is based on a qualitative discourse that justifies the introduction of Slow Tech as a new design paradigm. Findings – The limits of the human body, and the need to take into account human wellbeing, the limits of the planet and stakeholders' interests in decision making, all suggest the need for a new paradigm, Slow Tech, in the design of ICT and ICT systems. Three scenarios are described as case studies. Practical implications – In order to prepare the next generation of researchers and computer professionals, many different actions need to be taken. Universities and colleges need to redesign education programmes for computer scientists and engineers by introducing subjects related to the social and ethical implications of computing (currently, only few countries, like the UK, have already done this), and computer professionals' associations need to introduce a code of ethics or ethical analysis into their members' career development. As a result, future computer professionals who are familiar with the Slow Tech approach will be able to collaborate much more easily across the kind of cross disciplinary teams suited to design human centred, sustainable and desirable technologies. Social implications – Rather than simply focusing on the role of computer professionals, all members of society are called to play a new role in the design of future ICT scenarios. Starting a societal dialogue that involves computer professionals, users, researchers, designers, ICT industrialists, and policy makers is very much needed. Originality/value – The value of this paper is in its call for reflection followed by action. Based on an holistic approach to the design of new ICT systems, the paper advocates a new starting point for systems design: it should be based on a long-term view of the desirability and social importance of technologies, their environmental impact and sustainability, and the fairness and equity of the conditions of workers involved in the computing manufacturing processes.
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Wu, Jie, Shan Peng Sun, and Dong Zheng Wang. "The New Design of Globe Valve Virtual Assembly Design." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 1623–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.1623.
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This paper discuss about simulation system of the new globe valve. Through the computer technology, it can simulate the actual working condition to capability of the new globe valve. The system use Autodesk Inventor software as the modeling and analysis Platforms. Virtual assembly for globe valve of the new design is built. Virtual assembly does not produce the real products, consume material and energy, is using model to achieve the process of assembly on the computer. On the basis of no additional cost at the model to virtual assembly, so that products developed with characteristics of fast, flexible, high quality, low consumption, which will produce very good social and economic benefits.
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Beccaria, Michele, Alessandro Niccolai, Riccardo E. Zich, and Paola Pirinoli. "Shaped-Beam Reflectarray Design by Means of Social Network Optimization (SNO)." Electronics 10, no. 6 (March 21, 2021): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10060744.
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In this work, an innovative approach for the design of a shaped-beam reflectarray (RA) is presented. It is based on the use of a novel evolutionary algorithm (EA), named Social Network Optimization (SNO), that presents good capabilities in terms of convergence and reliability, and therefore it is suitable for optimizing a complex problem such as the one of interest. The full-wave analysis of a small–medium configuration designed with the proposed approach and the experimental characterization of a prototype proved the effectiveness of the adopted method.
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GREGER, JEFFREY. "Doing Good is Hard: Ethics, Activism, and Social Impact Design as Seen from the Grassroots Perspective." Ethnographic Praxis in Industry Conference Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (November 2017): 273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1559-8918.2017.01153.
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Kumar Chaudhary, Anil, and Laura A. Sanagorski Warner. "Understanding Good Irrigation and Fertilization Behaviors among Households Using Landscape Design Features." EDIS 2018, no. 1 (January 3, 2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-wc292-2018.
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With increasing concerns related to water in Florida, Extension can target households with irrigated landscapes to promote landscaping practices that protect water quality and quantity. We used landscape design features from 2,100 Florida households to segment households into subgroups that may have different educational needs. Data analysis revealed two distinct subgroups based on landscape design features: the diversity-prone water protectors and the apathetic landscape minimalists. Comparison of subgroups revealed that compared to apathetic landscape minimalists, households in diversity-prone water protectors’ subgroup had higher personal obligation, more social support, stronger perceived behavioral control, and more engagement in water protection behaviors. Extension professionals can use the connection between diverse landscape design features and to water protection behaviors to encourage good irrigation and fertilizer practices.
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A'gh, Attila. "Public Sector Reforms, Institutional Design and Strategy for Good Governance in East Central Europe." Studies in East European Thought 53, no. 3 (September 2001): 233–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1011258801818.
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Hold, Judith L. "A good death." Nursing Ethics 24, no. 1 (August 3, 2016): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733015602051.
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Background: On a day to day basis, nurses are facing more ethical dilemmas during end-of-life care resulting in not being able to actualize a good death for patients. Research objective: The purpose of this study was to explore how experienced hospice nurses resolve day to day ethical dilemmas during end-of-life care. Research design: The study used a qualitative narrative approach. Participants: Through purposeful sampling, a total of six experienced hospice nurse participated. Ethical considerations: Approval from the researcher’s university Institutional Review Board for ethical review was obtained. Findings: Using core story creation, several different ethical dilemmas were identified divulging struggles with key stakeholders including family members and providers. Thematic analysis generated three main themes: Ethics within Practice, Ethical Knowledge, and Ethical Solutions. Discussion: The participants told their stories depicting a keen awareness of ethical conflicts situated by contextual factors including social, political, and personal issues. The nurses’ deliberations were informed through formal, experiential, and intuitive knowledge. Ethical predicaments were resolved by either following rules or choosing acts of resistance. Conclusion: A better understanding was obtained on how experienced hospice nurses successfully resolve ethical dilemmas culminating in better deaths for patients.
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Murphy, Tim, and Jeff Parkey. "An economic analysis of the philosophical common good." International Journal of Social Economics 43, no. 8 (August 8, 2016): 823–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-08-2014-0168.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze economically several versions of the philosophical common good in order to contribute to the search for a viable conceptualization of the common good. Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents an economic analysis of the common good by examining the extent to which eight different versions of the philosophical concept possess the consumption characteristics of excludability and rivalry – and thus how each version may be classified as an economic good: private, public, common, or club. Findings – One of the examined versions of the philosophical common good is an economic common good; three versions are club goods; and four versions are public goods. Only those versions of the common good that are classifiable as public goods merit consideration as adequate conceptualizations in political and philosophical thought. In assessing the admissible versions the authors conclude that a viable conceptualization of the common good may simply be the maintenance of a peaceful social order that allows people to pursue their individual and collective goals in community. Originality/value – The paper shows that an analysis of the philosophical common good using the economic criteria of excludability and rivalry can contribute to common good discourse.
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Carbone, Valentina, Valérie Moatti, Tobias Schoenherr, and Srinagesh Gavirneni. "From green to good supply chains:." International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 49, no. 8 (October 16, 2019): 839–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpdlm-12-2017-0382.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate to what extent dynamic capabilities (DCs) developed in the field of green supply chain management can foster social supply chain performance. In addition, the role of both human and stakeholder capital in enhancing this relationship is investigated. Design/methodology/approach Relying on the theoretical framework of the resource-based view, complemented with the DCs perspective, the authors hypothesize about the benefits of a firm’s environmental management capability for its social supply chain performance, as well as the moderating role of both human and stakeholder capital. Our contentions are tested through a multi-year database of socially responsible investments covering 1,177 multinational corporations. Findings The findings show that companies can sustain positive and superior social performance in their supply chain by leveraging DCs developed in the environmental field. This impact is further shown to be elevated in the presence of both human and stakeholder capital. Research limitations/implications This study represents a snapshot of the transformation process from environmentally to socially responsible supply chains. While the secondary data employed offers unique advantages, secondary data also have limitations. Social implications Developing environmental capabilities not only enhances companies’ profitability, but can also lead to better supply chains through improved labor conditions and well-being. Originality/value The authors’ shift from a company-centric to a sustainability-centric conceptualization of DCs can open up new opportunities to engage research, potentially leading to high-impact results in the field of sustainable supply chain management. In addition, the authors leverage a secondary data source not frequently utilized in prior work.
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Kulyk, Yevhen. "METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN APPROACH TO THE GOODS DESIGN." Aesthetics and Ethics of Pedagogical Action, no. 13 (March 9, 2016): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4051.2016.13.171550.
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The article observes methodological principles of design approach to goods’ design. It is stated, that the processes of globalization requires maximum adaptation of education and science to the human subject-spatial environment and surroundings. We proved the importance of this approach considering, while the role of design and its social function and active influence on the economy and culture observing. Formation of the creative person of the future labor training teacher should be based on a wide range of humanitarian disciplines (ergonomics, design, culture, organization of production of economical driving) and carried out on methodological principles of design approach to the goods’ design. The basic product features (social, instrumental, adaptive, effective, integrative), three subsystems ("man - product - environment", "goal - the product - the result," "personality - the product - society") define human activities. It is stated that Cultural component is prerequisite for the design of goods.
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Babb, Sarah, Tina Retief, and Geoff Bick. "Essay Gifts: gifting for greater good." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 6, no. 4 (November 21, 2016): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-03-2016-0031.
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Subject area The subject areas are marketing, entrepreneurship, strategy or organisational design, operating in emerging markets and social entrepreneurship. Study level/applicability The study is applicable to MBA students, masters-level students and students of executive education. Case overview The case outlines the context and current decisions and dilemma facing Essay Gifts, which is a successful enterprise based in Cape Town, South Africa, supplying a local market in corporate gifting since 2006. The emerging market is facing economic decline and rising unemployment sitting at 25 per cent and up to 48 per cent in the youth market. After seven years of operating from a home-based office, Beatrice has moved into an office block in an upcoming area in Cape Town as they anticipate bullish targets for the upcoming year. The decision facing her now is whether to also sign a lease for a vacant retail shop downstairs from her office to sell ready-made gifting solutions. To meet the social mission, Essay Gifts is using township-based suppliers to develop the products, and this is proving an often unreliable and inconsistent source of supply and the current orders may not even be met at this particularly busy end-of-year period. How does Beatrice scale the business and what business is she in after all? Is she an entrepreneur, striving to increase the size of her business and her revenue, or is she a social entrepreneur creating employment opportunities for others? Expected learning outcomes The paper enables to identify the determining features of a social enterprise and the dynamics involved in balancing the social and commercial missions; understand the complexities of entrepreneurial operations in emerging markets; identify scaling up and strategic growth strategy options for social enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises; and distinguish entrepreneurial marketing strategies in contrast with traditional marketing strategies. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
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Feldman, Pnina, Yiangos Papanastasiou, and Ella Segev. "Social Learning and the Design of New Experience Goods." Management Science 65, no. 4 (April 2019): 1502–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.3024.
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Hsiao, Hsin-Yi, Chiu-Tien Hsu, Lei Chen, Jinli Wu, Pao-Sheng Chang, Chin-Lon Lin, Ming-Nan Lin, and Tin-Kwang Lin. "Environmental Volunteerism for Social Good: A Longitudinal Study of Older Adults’ Health." Research on Social Work Practice 30, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731519892620.
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Natural disasters and aging societies are increasingly prevalent globally. To improve environmental injustice and contribute to social good, the Tzu Chi Recycling Program engages older adult volunteers in recycling usable materials into eco-friendly blankets for disaster survivors. Drawing on life span and ecological systems theories, this study examined the longitudinal effects of this program on older adults’ mental and physical health. Using a quasi-experimental longitudinal design, data were collected from older adults at recycling stations (intervention group, n = 36) and community centers (control group, n = 36) in rural areas in Southern Taiwan. Findings from two-way repeated measures analysis of variance show that the program significantly improved older adults’ self-compassion, compassion for others, depression, hostility, happiness, and hypertension. Older adults built resilience and contributed to environmental sustainability and social good, which suggest a new avenue for social work practitioners and policy-makers to address social and environmental challenges.
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Liu, Shuo-Fang, Jui-Feng Chang, and Ming-Hong Wang. "Mask Design for Life in the Midst of COVID-19." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 18, 2021): 8011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13148011.
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Existing medical masks have various disadvantages, such as the environmental damage caused by disposable masks, the discomfort and poor ventilation caused by prolonged mask wearing, and the lack of aesthetic design in mass-produced masks. Thus, this study used quality function deployment, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to research, develop, and design masks. The aforementioned methods were also used to determine the ranking of design requirements. The following priority ranking of design requirements from most to least important was obtained: reducing discomfort at the contact between the mask and the skin (0.265), avoiding foul odor inside the mask (0.187), convenient cleaning and portability (0.166), good airtightness (0.152), suitable aesthetic design for wearing in public and on social occasions (0.130), and reducing waste (0.100). Experts evaluated mask designs, and their opinions were subject to fuzzy analysis. Specifically, 50% of the experts evaluated the designs to be “good” or “very good”. Only 29% of the experts rated the design results as “average”. Thus, the innovative mask designed in this study can meet the needs of users, overcome the drawbacks of existing masks, and provide a feasible solution for the current COVID-19 pandemic.