Academic literature on the topic 'Design per la solidarietà (Project)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Design per la solidarietà (Project).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Design per la solidarietà (Project)"
1
Ika, Lavagnon A., and Vasyl Lytvynov. "The “Management-Per-Result” Approach to International Development Project Design." Project Management Journal 42, no. 4 (July 2011): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmj.20248.
Full text
2
Enciso-Santocildes, Marta, Ana Vidu, and Laura Gómez-Urquijo. "Drivers for a cross-sector successful collaboration: the Basque country model of action." International Journal of Social Economics 47, no. 2 (January 2, 2020): 268–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-06-2019-0378.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show the positive effects of a cross-sector collaboration between public administration and third sector in the Basque Country. Solidarity within European society is a concern increasingly addressed from broader perspectives in broader territories. Civil society involvement has also reached public administrations. The European Commission H2020 project, SOLIDUS Solidarity in European societies: empowerment, social justice and citizenship (2016–2018), responds to the need to build a “renewed” Europe after the economic crisis, addressing social areas as employment, education, housing, health, civic engagement. Design/methodology/approach The communicative methodology (CM) has been used in this research paper, including qualitative fieldwork involving representatives of third-sector organizations. The CM already showed its impact on society, through several research projects in which it has been applied. CM is based on including stakeholders’ voices into research from the initial design until the end, responding their needs from research evidence. Thus, it contributes to put in common the knowledge of experts and stakeholders. Findings Searching for successful practices of social innovation, this paper analyzed which elements enable such relationships between public administration and third-sector organizations to promote successful public policies. Even some risks and barriers have been highlighted, the authors’ specific aim focuses on the positive aspects. Therefore, it shows drivers for a most efficient way of public management, which could potentially be extrapolated to other contexts. Some of these drivers are the following: support and collaboration between sectors, institutional trust, co-creation, active participation of the third sector, solidarity and commitment, efficient social policies and workers’ professionalization. Originality/value This paper contributes to returning to institutions and society the atmosphere of trust that the crisis context has damaged. The Basque Countries’ comprehensive model of action proves to attend citizenship contributing to a better society, from engaging a successful collaboration across sectors. The creation of two models of collaboration helps to progress in the positive interaction between the third sector and government. This paper is also original because it gives voice to people directly involved on the field and uses their knowledge to describe drivers and assess collaboration and participation of the third sector. Peer review The peer review history for this paper is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-06-2019-0378
3
Simeone, Giulia. "Un laboratorio territoriale per il design dei servizi. Il caso di "Nutrire Milano, energie per il cambiamento"." TERRITORIO, no. 60 (March 2012): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2012-060010.
Full textAbstract:
This paper starts from a defi nition shared by the design of services and the «territorialist school» (Magnaghi, 2000), according to which a place is the bearer of a series of values, meanings and capital resources which are the result of interactions between the communities which exist in it and the surrounding environment. It then tries to shed light on the specifi cities, instruments and duties of the discipline of design, through the case of the Nutrire Milano, energie per il cambiamento project. After describing how design works in this community workshop, the paper expresses the desirability of integration between urban planning and design, so that with the respective expertise of each of them, local communities might evolve in favour of sustainability.
4
O'Brien, Larry. "Personnel-Based System Evaluation Aid (PER-SEVAL)." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, no. 16 (October 1988): 1065–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128803201615.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes the Personnel-Based System Evaluation Aid (PER-SEVAL), one of the automated tools being developed under the Army Research Institute's project to develop improved MANPRINT methods. The PER-SEVAL Aid will assist Army analysts in identifying the quality of personnel needed to support a partcular contractor's design.
5
Battista, Jackie, Claudio R. Nigg, Jo Ann Chang, Marisa Yamashita, and Richard Chung. "Elementary After School Programs." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2005): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v3i4.1785.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To present project design and baseline characteristics of a project promoting life-long physical activity (PA) in an elementary after-school program. Methods: The project incorporates a two group design with delayed treatment control. PA and context observations and surveys (n=533; grades 4-6; attitude, enjoyment, intention, subjective norm, confidence, PA behavior, and fruit and vegetable consumption) were conducted. Results: Students spend almost 90 minutes standing, sitting and lying down and less than 17 minutes in moderate and vigorous PA during the after-school program. Students were strenuously active 3.89 days per week, moderately active 3.12 days per week, and mildly active 3.06 days per week, and watched television or played video games for 3.71 hours per day during leisure time. Attitudes, enjoyment, intention, and subjective norms differentiated students in different stages of PA. Discussion: There is an opportunity for PA promotion during after school, and stage specific interventions are indicated to facilitate PA.
6
Bodnaruk, B. J. "The Great Plains Coal Gasification Project Status." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 108, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 432–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3239925.
Full textAbstract:
The Great Plains Gasification Project is the first commercial-sized plant to produce substitute natural gas from coal in the United States. The plant is designed to convert 14,000 tons/D of North Dakota lignite into 137.5 million standard cubic feet of gas per day. The plant construction has been successfully completed per original design, on schedule and on budget. The plant has also been successfully turned over from construction to operations, as per the original plan. With the completion of the capital projects being implemented at the plant, plans are to achieve 70 percent stream factor in the first year of production (1985). The DOE-Chicago Operations Office has been assigned the responsibility for monitoring the project’s performance against baselines of cost, schedule, and technical criteria. During the startup phase of the project, significant technological advancements have been made and considerable knowledge has been gained, both by the operators and DOE (considering this to be a first of a kind plant built in the U.S.).
7
Holt, D. J., C. de Jong, and D. G. Rowell. "NORTH RANKIN 'A' GAS RECYCLING PROJECT — DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND COMMISSIONING." APPEA Journal 28, no. 1 (1988): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj87007.
Full textAbstract:
Gas recycling, to increase early production and total recovery of hydrocarbon condensate, was implemented on the North Rankin 'A' platform to take advantage of excess production capacity prior to the commencement of the LNG export phase. By recycling excess 'dry' gas back into the reservoir, condensate production has been doubled, to around 3 000 kl per day (19 000 barrels) per day and ultimate recovery increased.The additional facilities installed included five injection wells, an additional production well, and a 23 MW gas turbine driven gas recompression facility that was retrofitted within existing facilities on the platform. Designed in-house, the facility involved relocation of some operating plant and piecemeal installation of a new 400 tonne module containing a 23 MW aero-derivative gas turbine driven high pressure (30 MPa) centrifugal compressor and ancillary equipment. The compressor set was extensively tested under full load conditions at the manufacturer's works in France before delivery.Offshore construction was complicated by the congested working area and the difficulties of working in and integrating with live production facilities but was completed without major incidents or causing undue interference to platform production. Commissioning proceeded quite smoothly. Full operation was achieved within ten days of initial start-up, and the facility has continued to yield impressive production results.
8
Verissimo Veronese, Marilia, Luiz Inácio Gaiger, and Adriane Vieira Ferrarini. "SOBRE A DIVERSIDADE DE FORMATOS E ATORES SOCIAIS NO CAMPO DA ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA." Caderno CRH 30, no. 79 (September 22, 2017): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v30i79.19978.
Full textAbstract:
O artigo apresenta um entendimento dos empreendimentos econômicos solidários a partir da realidade multiforme da economia solidária no Brasil. Trata-se de um conjunto variado de iniciativas ainda em busca de identidade institucional e de um arcabouço jurídico condizente, que não cabem no cooperativismo tradicional nem no chamado terceiro setor. Valendo-se de um conjunto de estudos já conduzidos, tanto em termos de conceituação e formulação tipológica como de desenho etnográfico, o texto reflete sobre a configuração plural dos empreendimentos solidários, analisando diferentes atores sociais em foco, urbanos, rurais e tradicionais, procurando demonstrar a diversidade cultural e simbólica ali existente, bem como suas múltiplas origens e desafios atuais, a exemplo da busca de um marco legal específico para o campo.Palavras-Chave: Sociologia; Empreendimentos solidários; Diversidade Cultural; Associativismo; Práticas Tradicionais e AutóctonesABOUT THE DIVERSITY OF FORMATS AND SOCIAL ACTORS IN THE FIELD OF SOLIDARITY ECONOMYABSTRACTThis article presents a comprehension of solidarity economic projects from the multiform reality of solidarity economy in Brazil. This article is a varied set of initiatives still seeking institutional identity and a proper legal framework, since they do not fit into traditional cooperativism or the so-called third sector. Using a set of studies conducted both in terms of conceptualization and of typological formulation such as ethnographic design, this study discusses the plural configuration of solidarity projects, analyzing different social actors in focus, such as urban, rural and traditional environments. It tries to demonstrate the cultural and symbolic diversity that exist, as well as its multiple origins and current challenges, as an example of the search for a specific legal milestone for the field.Key words: Sociology; Solidarity projects; Cultural Diversity; Associativism; Tradicional Practices and AutochthonousA PROPOS DE LA DIVERSITE DES FORMATS ET DES ACTEURS SOCIAUX DANS LE DOMPAINE DE L’ECONOMIE SOLIDAIREABSTRACTL’article présente une compréhension des entreprises économiques solidaires à partir de la réalité multiforme de l’économie solidaire au Brésil. Il s’agit d’un ensemble varié d’initiatives qui est encore à la recherche d’une identité institutionnelle et d’une ébauche juridique adaptée qui n’entre pas dans la conception de coopérativisme traditionnel ni dans le dit troisième secteur. En se basant sur un ensemble d’études déjà réalisées, autant en termes de conceptualisation et de formulation typologique que de dessin etnographique, le texte montre la configuration plurielle des entreprises solidaires en analysant les divers acteurs sociaux mis en évidence, urbains, ruraux et traditionnels et essaie de démontrer la diversité culturelle et symbolique existante ainsi que leurs origines multiples et leurs défis actuels, tel que par exemple la recherche d’un label légal spécifique pour le monde rural.Key words: Sociologie; Entreprise solidaire; Diversité Culturelle; Associations; Pratiques Traditionnelles et Autochtones
9
Elghaish, Faris, and Sepehr Abrishami. "Developing a framework to revolutionise the 4D BIM process: IPD-based solution." Construction Innovation 20, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 401–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-11-2019-0127.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The integration of building information modelling (BIM) and integrated project delivery (IPD) is highly recommended for better project delivery. Although there is a methodology for this integration, the BIM requires some improvements to foster the adoption of IPD. The purpose of this paper is to present an innovative way to support 4D BIM automation/optimisation within the IPD approach. Similar to structural and architectural design libraries, this research proposes a planning library to enable automating the formulation of schedule, as well as embedding the multi-objective optimisation into the 4D BIM. Design/methodology/approach The literature review was used to highlight the existing attempts to support the automation process for 4D BIM and the multi-objective schedule optimisation for construction projects. A case study was done to validate the developed framework and measure its applicability. Findings The results show that there is a cost-saving of 22.86 per cent because of using the proposed automated multi-objective optimisation. The case study shows the significance of integrating activity-based costing into 4D BIM to configure the hierarchy level of overhead activities with the IPD approach; therefore, the maximum level of contribution in managing the IPD project is 33.33 per cent by the trade package level and the minimum contribution is around 8.33 per cent by the project level. Originality/value This research presents a new philosophy to develop the 4D BIM model – planning and scheduling – a BIM library of the project activities is developed to enable the automation of the creation of the project schedule with respect to the 3D BIM design sequence. The optimisation of the project duration is considered to be automated within the creation process by using the proposed genetic algorithm model.
10
Bandpatte, Sangram, Khushal Shede, Rohit Chavan, Nikhil Katkar, Balbheem Kamanna, and Bibin Jose. "Design of Gas Cylinder using Composite Material as per ASME Standards." Global Journal of Enterprise Information System 9, no. 1 (May 5, 2017): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/gjeis/2017/15866.
Full textAbstract:
A gas cylinder or tank is a pressure vessel used to store gases at above atmospheric pressure. Many pressure vessels are made of carbon steels these material results in increase in weight and transportation cost. The Literature survey shows that gas cylinders fails due to corrosion and difficult to transporting. In this Project work, the aim is to design a gas cylinder as per ASME standards using composite material which can be used for our day today life. Solidworks 2015 is used for 3D modelling of the cylinder and Finite Element Analysis is used to test the performance of the cylinder made of composite material and compare with Cylinder made of Steel. The results shows that stress induced in the both cylinder is nearly equal but composite cylinders results in height amount of weight saving and corrosion resistance and also decrease the transportation cost.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Design per la solidarietà (Project)"
1
Marafini, Bruno. "Enriching companion robots with enhanced reminiscence abilities." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16107/.
Full textAbstract:
In this document I will go on discussing a project conceived by Professor Andrea Giovanni Nuzzolese and Alessandro Russo, both researchers and developers of some of the main aspects of project Mario at CNR Rome.
MARIO is a robot, part of a robotics company called KOMPAÏ Robotics that deals with the production and management of Robots who take care of elderly people who suffer from dementia or who still need an aid; more generally speaking, there is talk of weak and lonely people within an organization and / or institutions (nursing homes ...) or in their own homes.
There are numerous characteristics of MARIO, which ultimately contribute to all those which are the manufacturing objectives of KOMPAÏ Robotics.
My project, or rather my contribution to MARIO, is to look for a specific method which let the robot show a specific set of photos to the user according to the expressions, feelings and emotions, the user will reveal.
Example: the robot randomly chooses a marriage photo and the user suddenly start to laugh and to express positive feelings with positive words; the robot will try to understand if it’s a good photo for the user or not, and in the first case will continue to show the same kind of pictures while in the second case, will change completely set of photos to be shown.
The pleasure of the subject expressed in relation to a photo must be subject to an index of interest between predefined and specified values that may be to show a certain interest in a picture or the subjects within the image or the situation that surrounds them.
Books on the topic "Design per la solidarietà (Project)"
1
Larcher, Claudio. Design scuola e solidarietà. Bologna: Logo Fausto Lupetti editore, 2016.
Find full text
2
Russo, Antonello. Reggio Calabria Istanbul: Un progetto per Galata = a project for Galata : International Urban Design Workshop 2019 : urban façade, Istanbul waterfront. Siracusa, Italia: LetteraVentidue, 2020.
Find full text
3
Falotico, Antonella. Rethinking habitat: Re-generative design come metodo per il progetto dell'abitare nella cultura delle reti = Rethinking habitat : re-generative design as a method for the project of living in the culture of networks. Santarcangelo di Romagna (RN): Maggioli editore, 2020.
Find full text
4
Delsee. Graph Paper Notebook: Grid Composition Note Book for Students Squared Quad Ruled 4 Squares per Inch. Cool Gaming Design Project Math Engineering Science Coordinate Pad. Independently Published, 2019.
Find full text
5
Delsee. Graph Paper Notebook: Grid Composition 5x5 Note Book for Students Squared Quad Ruled 5 Squares per Inch. Cool Gaming Design Project Math Engineering Science Coordinate Pad. Independently Published, 2019.
Find full text
6
Salinas-Rodríguez, Sergio G., Juan Arévalo, Juan Manuel Ortiz, Eduard Borràs-Camps, Victor Monsalvo-Garcia, Maria D. Kennedy, and Abraham Esteve-Núñez, eds. Microbial Desalination Cells for Low Energy Drinking Water. IWA Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789062120.
Full textAbstract:
The world's largest demonstrator of a revolutionary energy system in desalination for drinking water production is in operation. MIDES uses Microbial Desalination Cells (MDC) in a pre-treatment step for reverse osmosis (RO), for simultaneous saline stream desalination and wastewater treatment. MDCs are based on bio-electro-chemical technology, in which biological wastewater treatment can be coupled to the desalination of a saline stream using ion exchange membranes without external energy input. MDCs simultaneously treat wastewater and perform desalination using the energy contained in the wastewater. In fact, an MDC can produce around 1.8 kWh of bioelectricity from the energy contained in 1 m3 of wastewater. Compared to traditional RO, more than 3 kWh/m3 of electrical energy is saved. With this novel technology, two low-quality water streams (saline stream, wastewater) are transformed into two high-quality streams (desalinated water, treated wastewater) suitable for further uses. An exhaustive scaling-up process was carried out in which all MIDES partners worked together on nanostructured electrodes, antifouling membranes, electrochemical reactor design and optimization, life cycle assessment, microbial electrochemistry and physiology expertise, and process engineering and control. The roadmap of the lab-MDC upscaling goes through the assembly of a pre-pilot MDC, towards the development of the demonstrator of the MDC technology (patented). Nominal desalination rate between 4-11 Lm-2h-1 is reached with a current efficiency of 40 %. After the scalability success, two MDC pilot plants were designed and constructed consisting of one stack of 15 MDC pilot units with a 0.4 m2 electrode area per unit. This book presents the information generated throughout the EU funded MIDES project and includes the latest developments related to desalination of sea water and brackish water by applying microbial desalination cells. ISBN: 9781789062113 (Paperback) ISBN: 9781789062120 (eBook)
Book chapters on the topic "Design per la solidarietà (Project)"
1
Trigona, Simon Luca. "Archeologia subacquea in Liguria: un progetto integrato per la tutela e la valorizzazione." In Proceedings e report, 137–46. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.15.
Full textAbstract:
The Soprintendenza of Liguria has always given a particular attention to underwater archaeology and still today it pursues clear and specific aims: design, build, manage and increase competences and technologies that can be able to contribute to the regional and cultural development. The experience reached in Liguria by many years, leaded our activities of protection, research and valorization in order to develop a network of integrated archaeological sites and naval museums. On land this project provides two new museums in the cities of Albenga and Imperia that will be connected with a series of exhibitions and conferences
2
Ibrahim, Jimoh, Christoph Loch, and Kishore Sengupta. "Two Library Projects." In How Megaprojects Are Damaging Nigeria and How to Fix It, 129–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96474-0_6.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe case studies give the narratives of where the projects came from, how decisions were made, including, for example, how lack of financial safeguarding and corruption led to problems. The narratives “bring the statistical analysis to life” and give the reader an impression (relatively succinctly in about five pages per case) of what the project problems “feel” like. This chapter discusses the first matched project pair, the Abuja National Library and the Obasanjo Presidential Library.The national library project suffered from design changes, budget cuts (because of unstable funding) and conflicts with the contractor, and it is an unfinished ruin today. The Obasanjo Presidential Library was privately funded, had a clear goal and ambition, and was completed close to schedule in spite of setbacks (although it was far over budget and has an uncertain financial future). The two case studies contrast project environments that can cause different project paths.
3
Ibrahim, Jimoh, Christoph Loch, and Kishore Sengupta. "Structure of the Investigation." In How Megaprojects Are Damaging Nigeria and How to Fix It, 27–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96474-0_3.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractSince no systematic data is available in Nigeria (only anecdotes), an original data set was collected of 114 detailed questionnaires from 3 different people involved in each of 38 projects (19 abandoned, and 19 completed). The projects are matched by sector and size to allow comparisons, and three respondents per project reduce biases.While quantitative data allows “objective” statistical analysis, 11 of the projects were in addition described in detail in case study narratives, bringing the events to life and verifying the causality of interpretations. The case study analysis complements and enriches the statistical data analysis. This chapter explains the process of the investigation and why and what method design choices were made.
4
Beggel, Sebastian, Joachim Pander, and Jürgen Geist. "Ecological Indicators for Surface Water Quality - Methodological Approaches to Fish Community Assessments in China and Germany." In Terrestrial Environmental Sciences, 47–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80234-9_2.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAssessments of aquatic ecosystem health rely increasingly on biological indicators such as fish community structure, but national approaches differ. To use bioindicators efficiently and to allow cross-country comparisons, standardized tools and methods are required. Within this study, currently applied procedures for stream ecosystem assessment in China and Germany are summarized and active and passive fish sampling methodologies used in both countries are investigated. The methodological comparison was based on the results of a joint Chinese German workshops within the SINOWATER project in 2016. A joint sampling campaign was then conducted in 2017 at 6 representative sites within 70 km of the Fan River, a tributary to the Liao River System in Liaoning province, China. Active methods comprised single-pass electrofishing methods as typically applied in Germany and China as well as seining. As passive methods, common minnow traps, gill-netting and longline-fishing were used. To allow the comparability between methods, a standardized sampling design comprising several replicates at each site was chosen, covering a range of different ecological stream conditions. By comparison of the different fishing methodologies, electrofishing yielded the best overall results to assess fish biodiversity in terms of species abundance, richness and catch per unit effort. Differences in the effectiveness of the different electrofishing approaches mostly depended on the power source used. To cover the full spectrum of the fish community and to detect very rare species, a combination of different active and passive methods was most useful. If electrofishing is the method of choice, it is very important to adjust the gear power to river specific conditions such as flow, size and depth. The results of this joint Chinese-German study may aid in the selection of suitable sampling methods for fish community assessments in the future.
5
Nelson, Julie D. "Chapter 26. Rhetorical Interventions: A Project Design for Composing and Editing Wikipedia Articles." In Composing Feminist Interventions: Activism, Engagement, Praxis, 489–503. The WAC Clearinghouse; University Press of Colorado, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.37514/per-b.2018.0056.2.26.
Full text
6
Vo, Hoa, and Peter Huesemann-Odom. "Virtual Reality and Creativity: Lessons Learned from a Luminaire Design Project." In Technology for Learning [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109539.
Full textAbstract:
Current research in design education showed that experiencing virtual reality (VR) in learning led to higher creativity in students. However, some studies showed only a partial impact of VR on student creativity. Using video data analysis (VDA), the authors examined a half-an-hour excerpt of the recorded VR learning experience from a previous study on interior design students (n=13). The authors sought an explanation for the partial impacts of VR on students’ creativity via observing and interpreting one participant’s (a) interaction with VR and (b) the context of the virtual environment. VDA analysis results indicated that the implemented VR technology was intuitive for a fundamental learner yet required time and practice to gain advanced skills. Exploration time was also necessary for students to fully demonstrate the novel, resolution, and style aspects of creativity in their works. The implication is that the partial impact of VR on creativity found in the previous study might be due to the constraints of time and expertise of students (i.e., learn and explore), not VR technology per se. Educators and institutions wishing to include VR in their curricula should allow students ample time and access to VR applications and headsets to practice and sharpen their expertise.
7
Sklair, Leslie. "The Architecture Industry and Typical Icons." In The Icon Project. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464189.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter aims to fill in the substance of the first component of the corporate fraction of the transnational capitalist class (TCC) in architecture and urban design, the major architecture firms. While the starchitects and signature architects who produce unique architectural icons have attracted most media attention, they are a very small group within the profession. Here, the focus is on the much larger group of architecture firms producing the successful typical icons that are transforming cities all round the world in the era of capitalist globalization. Infrastructure is an increasingly large part of this, and I introduce the idea of celebrity infrastructure to highlight how bridges, transportation hubs, and waterside developments are mobilized as the Icon Project strives to turn them into consumerist spaces. Here the focus is more on the projects than the firms. As we saw in the previous chapter, contrary to the claims of many architecture critics and theorists, iconicity is not simply a creation of the media or corporate publicists. Architects play a significant part in the social production of iconic architecture, making some of them active participants in the Icon Project. As Dion Kooijman (2000: 829) argues, ‘architecture can form a true part of the “image building” by PR and marketing departments’. Behind the general discussion of the ways in which the four fractions of the TCC serve the interests of capitalist globalization through creating and promoting iconic architecture is the idea that, as well as the symbolism and aesthetics of iconic buildings and spaces, there is something else going on of great significance. Two pioneering studies, Blau (1984) and Gutman (1988), researched architecture as an industry in the United States. Judith Blau focused more on architects themselves, reporting a key finding that 98 per cent of respondents (she surveyed 400 architects in New York) said that architects were distinct from other professionals in terms of the ‘mystique of artistic creativity’ (Blau 1984: 49), but that most architects never realize this goal. This was seen to be a problem for architecture, particularly in capitalist societies.
8
Smith, Sara B. "Engineering and Art." In Cases on STEAM Education in Practice, 277–91. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2334-5.ch014.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter per the author discusses challenges faced by first year pre-engineering students. Also discussed are several topics taught within the curriculum including: the engineering design process, sketching, measurement, the elements and principles of design, and three-dimensional modeling. The chapter proposes a design project for engineering students that would tie all of these concepts together to provide an additional learning opportunity for students and more relevant practice of skills like isometric sketching, creating three-dimensional computer-aided design models, and measurement. Samples of student work from the project are included.
9
Kratky, Andreas, and Juri Hwang. "Venture to the Interior –Virtual Object Lessons." In Quality and Communicability for Interactive Hypermedia Systems, 19–35. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-763-3.ch002.
Full textAbstract:
The question of how to design and implement efficient remote learning environments gains a new quality in the light of extensive digital education projects such as the One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) initiative. At the core of this consideration is not only the task of developing content for very different cultural settings but also the necessity to reflect the effects of learning processes that operate exclusively with digitally mediated content. This chapter outlines the design strategies of the project Venture to the Interior, an interactive experience that presents selected objects from the collections of the Museum of Natural History in Berlin, Germany, and displays them in a context reflecting the museum as an institution and the practices of collecting as knowledge constitution. The project investigates the role of objects as knowledge devices and the possibilities for a translation of the didactic effects of experiential learning into virtual environments.
10
Falcinelli, Floriana, and Chiara Laici. "ICT in the Classroom." In Handbook of Research on Didactic Strategies and Technologies for Education, 48–56. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2122-0.ch005.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter presents the research carried out by teachers and students of 6 junior high school classes on the modern ICT use in didactics. They participated in the “Cl@ssi2.0” project and were involved in the PoliCultura&Moodle format contained in Learning4All (www.learningforall.it), a section of a national macro-project financed by FIRB (Fondo per gli Investimenti della Ricerca di Base by the Italian Ministry of Education). A short questionnaire focusing on the students’ learning needs and their aptitude for new technologies was administered to students. Some observations were carried out during a normal school day. Some student-centered focus-groups were carried out. A LCMS Moodle environment was planned and implemented to support and expand the educational activities carried out in the classroom. Research has confirmed that technological innovation in school requires a strong support from governance, and teachers who gain the digital competence and a design capacity for innovation in teaching ordinary action.
Conference papers on the topic "Design per la solidarietà (Project)"
1
Konkel, Michael, Ryan Fargen, R. S. Amano, and Sourabh Kumar. "An Improved Design of Hammer Drill Efficiency." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47066.
Full textAbstract:
The following report illustrates the design steps to complete the hammer drill efficiency project. The main goal of the project is to provide a mathematical relationship between the variables that make up the hammer drill. Once established these relations will allow the designer to predict the rate at which holes may be drilled. This will be accomplished by completing a Design of Experiments (DOE) study. A DOE is a systematic way to carry out experiments to gather data about how varying each variable of the tool will affect the performance of the tool. The variables that will be studied are drill time, beats per minute, force on the tool, revolutions per minute, and cam geometry. After successful completion of the various experiments the designer will be able to predict how the tool will perform under various parameters.
2
Meyers, Bryan T., Edward Hensel, and Elizabeth DeBartolo. "Usage of Revision Control Tools in Capstone Senior Design Courses." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51164.
Full textAbstract:
The capstone project serves as the culminating experience of most engineering programs. Collaborative design and documentation tools are an integral component of a modern product design and development environment. The Engineering Design Guide and Environment (EDGE), is a web-based system which provides engineers with tools for collaboration on multidisciplinary projects. The EDGE system includes version-controlled repositories for project documentation and design files. By examining the history of changes to these repositories, it is possible to view the usage trends of the system and their relationship to curriculum structure. This paper explores these usage trends with respect to the transition from a quarter-based to a semester-based calendar, the cycle of project deliverables within an academic term, and the transition from a one-day-per-week meeting pattern to a two-day-per-week meeting pattern.
3
Lorwongngam, Apiwat Ohm, Michael McKimmy, Evan Oughton, and Craig Cipolla. "One Shot Wonder XLE Design: A Continuous Improvement Case Study of Developing XLE Design in the Bakken." In SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212358-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Many operators have been working on optimizing stage spacing or clusters per stage to maximize production and reduce completion capital investment in unconventional wells. The operator has successfully proved that eXtreme Limited Entry (XLE) design works well in the Bakken. This paper uses a continuous improvement concept to improve on the paper presented in 2020 URTeC: 2796. The objective of this study is to push the boundary of perforation design that has been used as a standard design since 2020 to evaluate the optimum Shots Per Cluster (SPC), the minimum Rate Per Cluster (RPC), and the maximum Clusters Per Stage (CPS) that can still further maximize well production and provide optimum fracture cluster efficiency and Uniformity Index (UI). This paper will also address the comparison between XLE design and other diversion techniques. Through the 3-year journey of understanding and optimizing XLE design, the operator had a total of 4 pads planned as a part of this study. The first 2 pads used to prove the XLE design concept utilized Radio Active (RA) tracer, deployable fiber optic, step down tests, downhole camera, perforation acoustic imaging tool, and production data. The other 2 pads are the observation lateral project [Cipolla et al. 2022] and a permanent fiber project; both projects include lateral bottom hole gauges, offset well fiber optic strain, and permanent fiber along the lateral. This paper uses part of the data from these projects to help validate fracture morphology, rate per cluster, and maximum clusters per stage. The operator uses the Lean continuous improvement and plan-do-check-adjust process to work from the planning to the standardization of the design. RA tracer, step-down test, and deployable fiber optic results show that XLE with 1 Shot Per Foot (SPF) yields high production cluster efficiency of more than 90%, high uniformity index, and comparable production data to the non-XLE design while lowering the completions cost. From the permanent fiber optic data, the results show that the minimum rate per cluster to yield a uniformity index of more than 80% in the Bakken is ~ 5 BPM for 4-1/2" liner and ~6 BPM for 5-1/2" liner. Using a continuous improvement process, the operator adopted the XLE design with 1 SPF as the current completion design standard. This design is proven to yield high productivity and increase asset value by lowering the cost of completions by more than 12%. In the high oil price environment, the XLE design can also be used to maximize asset value by increasing entry points in the well. This leads to an increase in short-term production. Throughout the data gathering and trial process, the operator also gathered novel pressure data allowing for direct measurement of perforation friction, and near-wellbore friction Limited Entry and Extreme Limited Entry Designs
4
Colino, Mark P., and Elena B. Rosenstein. "One Train per Ventilation Zone: Application and Innovation." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37176.
Full textAbstract:
In recognition of paragraph 7.2.5 of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard 130 for Fixed Guideway and Passenger Rail Systems, a major commuter railroad project design team has undertaken detailed coordination of its train signaling, traction power and tunnel ventilation systems. Per the writing of the Standard, the coordination effort was aimed at designing the systems to match the total number of trains that could be between ventilation shafts during an emergency, but also recognized that, the best protection to passengers is to allow no more than one train in a ventilation zone. The coordination of the train signaling, traction power and tunnel ventilation system designs per NFPA 130 paragraphs 7.2.5 and A.7.2.5 has permitted the project to achieve a reasonable degree of safety from fire and its related hazards, while at the same time: preserving the commuter railroad’s throughput requirements; reducing overall construction costs; and, minimizing civic/environmental impacts. In particular, the design coordination has permitted the project to forego tunnel fan installations within existing structures in one portion of the project, and an innovative fan plant design between two tunnels has precluded the need for an additional tunnel ventilation shaft in another portion of the project.
5
Horn, Agnes Marie, Erling Østby, Odd Akselsen, and Mons Hauge. "Design Under Arctic Conditions: A Summary of the Arctic Materials Project Guideline." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78426.
Full textAbstract:
The main goal of the 10 years Arctic Materials KMB project run by SINTEF (2008–2017) and supported by the industry is to establish criteria and solutions for safe and cost-effective application of materials for hydrocarbon exploration and production in arctic regions. The objective of the arctic materials project guideline (PG) is to assist designers to ensure safe and robust, yet cost-effective, design of offshore structures and structural elements in arctic areas through adequate material testing and requirements to material toughness. It is well known that when the temperature decreases, steel becomes more brittle. To prevent brittle fracture in the Arctic, the structure needs adequate toughness for the loading seen at low temperatures. None of the common offshore design codes today consistently address low temperature applications. In this respect, arctic areas are defined as minimum design temperatures below what current international standards have considered per today, i.e. −10 °C to −14°C. For practical applications, the PG defines arctic areas as minimum design temperature lower than −10 °C. It is acknowledging that design standards to a certain degree are based on operational and qualitative experiences gained by the offshore industry since the 1970’s. However, for arctic offshore facilities, limited operational experiences are gained by the industry. The basis of the guideline is that safe and robust design of structures and structural elements are ensured by combining standard industry practice today with learnings and findings from the 10 years Arctic Materials project. This paper is concerned with the rationale behind the material and test requirements provided in the arctic material guideline. The material requirements will be discussed in detail with emphasis on toughness requirement, constraint effect, thickness effect, acceptance criteria and material qualification criteria.
6
Frroku, Norbert, Massimo Rovai, and Caterina Calvani. "Project Financing per il recupero funzionale ad uso ricettivo del “Forte dei Pianelloni” di Lerici." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11478.
Full textAbstract:
Project Financing for functional recovery of the “Forte dei Pianelloni” in LericiThe central theme is the Project Financing, a complex financial instrument that can potentially be used to give a new life to a state property with a strong historical and architectural value and in a state of neglect, through the use of public-private partnerships. This evaluation technique makes it possible to understand the economic and financial feasibility of an intervention both for the owner of the asset (the public) and for the private entity that puts the resources for the requalification / restructuring and will own the profits from the management of the asset. Therefore, assuming the role of a Private Financial Promoter, I developed the Preliminary Project and the Feasibility Study with reference to two possible uses. The work was divided in two parts: in the first part the Preliminary Project was a reworking of an architectural relief kindly lent by the municipality of Lerici to expose the current state of the structure adding also hints of history. Then I made two proposals: one hypothesis is a fancy project with Resorts & Suites and the other is a more affordable one with Hostel & Camping; I considered also the differences between the two proposals. To develop the work, the use of a drone for inspections and a 3D printing to create the plastics were also experimented. In the second part that consists in the Feasibility Study was developed through an analysis of the possible positioning on the market with respect to the project hypotheses, the definition of the restructuring, management and maintenance costs. There were also analyzed other fortifications in the Gulf of Spezia, that were already reconverted in other uses. This study highlights the economic and financial feasibility of both design assumptions.
7
Eberhardt, Alan W., Richard J. Lesley, Tina G. Oliver, and Rosalia N. Scripa. "Appropriate Technology in an Introductory Engineering Design Experience." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53011.
Full textAbstract:
EGR 200, Introduction to Engineering Design, provides transfer students at the University of Alabama at Birmingham an introductory engineering experience, including a 5-week design project. This year, the authors led a project that involved the design of crutches for use in a developing nation that featured the use of “appropriate technology” regarding materials and construction techniques. The target country was Zambia, Africa, which is one of the poorest countries in the world. In Zambia, the majority of the population lives on less than $2 USD per day [1]. Lack of medical facilities and doctors leads to many serious health issues. Infection often leads to amputation, creating a need for low cost crutches.
8
Mertz, George A., Gregory S. Raffio, Kelly Kissock, and Kevin P. Hallinan. "Conceptual Design of Net Zero Energy Campus Residence." In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76199.
Full textAbstract:
In response to both global and local challenges, the University of Dayton is committed to building a net-zero energy student residence, called the Eco-house. A unique aspect of the Eco-house is the degree of student involvement; in accordance with UD’s mission, interdisciplinary student teams from mechanical engineering, civil engineering and the humanities are leading the design effort. This paper discusses the conceptual design of a net-zero energy use campus residence, and the analysis completed thus far. Energy use of current student houses is analyzed to provide a baseline and to identify energy saving opportunities. The use of the whole-system inside-out approach to guide the overall design is described. Using the inside-out method as a guide, the energy impacts of occupant behavior, appliances and lights, building envelope, energy distribution systems and primary energy conversion equipment are discussed. The design of solar thermal and solar photovoltaic systems to meet the hot water and electricity requirements of the house is described. Eco-house energy use is simulated and compared to the energy use of the existing houses. The analysis shows the total source energy requirements of the Eco-house could be reduced by about 340 mmBtu per year over older baseline houses, resulting in CO2 emission reductions of about 54,000 lb per year and utility cost savings of about $3,000 per year. Detailed cost analysis and cost optimization have not been performed but are critical aspects of the UD Eco-house project, which will be performed in the future.
9
Castro, Donald J., and Lindsey J. Sampson. "The Lee County WTE Expansion Project: Building a New WTE Unit in the 21st Century." In 15th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec15-3207.
Full textAbstract:
The Lee County Expansion Project is a 636 ton per day Municipal Waste Combustor (MWC) in late stages of construction/startup, located in Ft. Myers, FL. The new unit complements the existing 1200 ton per day two-unit facility owned by the County and operated by Covanta Lee, Inc., which has been in service since 1994. The new unit is the first MWC permitted and constructed under the EPA’s New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) since they were promulgated in the 1990’s. This paper will describe the basic contractual arrangements, permitting, design and construction features, and overall costs for the expansion project.
10
Tai, James C., Dennis Jang, Heather Gaffney, and John Flint. "Full Span Precast and Launching Construction in Taiwan’s High Speed Rail Project." In 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36096.
Full textAbstract:
Taiwan’s North to South High Speed Rail project, with total cost of US$15 Billion and design speed of 350km/hour, includes 251km of elevated bridge structure within its total length of 345km. Among the bridge structures, 73% utilize full span precast and launching concrete construction techniques to achieve speedy, shortened construction periods and better quality control. It adopted the design-build delivery method to achieve single responsibility for construction in this private participated Build and Operate then Transfer to government program. The paper will briefly explain full span precast box girder of 30 to 35 meter weighing 750 to 840 ton and launching construction with several different types of launching equipment, precasting of the box girder process, storage yard quality control and launching techniques. The plant produced a 2 day cycle for each girder and reached 48 girders per month and a placement rate of 0.7 day per span installed. The design-build methods of assuring design quality and the independent checking process will be discussed. Taiwan High Speed Rail bridge structures’ design criteria will be outlined in the presentation.
Reports on the topic "Design per la solidarietà (Project)"
1
Álvarez, Carola, Leonardo Corral, Ana Cuesta, José Martínez, César Montiel, and Consuelo Yépez. Project Completion Report Analysis: Factors Behind Project Success and Effectiveness. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003116.
Full textAbstract:
The goal of development assistance is to deliver measurable results. At the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), the Development Effectiveness Framework (DEF) was adopted to enhance the likelihood this goal is met. The key objective of this analysis is to enhance our understanding of the role the set of tools and processes adopted at the IDB, from project design to completion, play in the assessment of a projects success and effectiveness. Specifically, we are interested in teasing out the role different dimensions of project design, assessed through the Development Effectiveness Matrix (DEM), and execution performance indicators, as per the Project Monitoring Report (PMR), have on the delivery of effective and successful projects measured through the Project Completion Report (PCR) methodology implemented at the IDB. We also explore the validation process of PCRs and delve into the effectiveness analysis at the level of specific objectives and result indicators, identifying key pitfalls associated with objectives not being met. Overall, our findings provide strong validation for the DEF and its tools. We find robust evidence for the importance of the quality at entry assessment conducted through the DEM. In particular, the quality of the results matrix at approval is a strong determinant of project success and effectiveness at closure, and the quality of the Evaluation Plan is strongly associated with the effectiveness of a project. In terms of execution performance, our analysis finds that, on average, projects that execute a lower share of their approved loan amount, are put on Alert, or are classified as a Problem, in its first three years of execution; and projects that experience a higher share of their outputs discontinued, with respect to their first results matrix, are most likely to be ineffective in achieving their objectives and will likely be rated as unsuccessful.
2
Iyer, Ananth V., Samuel Labi, Steven Dunlop, Thomas Brady Jr., and Eki Amijaya. Cost and Benefit Analysis of Installing Fiber Optics on INDOT Projects. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317131.
Full textAbstract:
The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) is tasked with the stewardship of billions of dollars’ worth of public invested highway infrastructure. Not only does INDOT continually seek design and operational policies that foster cost effective project delivery and procurement, they also seek opportunities for revenue generation. Due to population growth and the increased demand for online connectivity and global information transmission, the fiber-optic cable industry has experienced rapid growth over the past few years. Information and communication technology (ICT) companies have long sought to achieve higher economic productivity by installing fiber-optic cables in the right of way (ROW) of access-controlled highways. Based on these developments, an experiment was conducted to measure the economic impact in Indiana. To determine this impact, a database was developed by compartmentalizing the analysis into (1) GDP per county per industry type, (2) the natural growth of GDP as a factor, and (3) the extent of contribution of broadband in the growth of GDP. A general formula was developed to incorporate the adjusted median income on both the industry and county levels, along with a broadband contribution factor. This formula was employed to determine policies that can produce optimum economic outcome by leveraging the Pareto method.
3
Seginer, Ido, Daniel H. Willits, Michael Raviv, and Mary M. Peet. Transpirational Cooling of Greenhouse Crops. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573072.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Background Transplanting vegetable seedlings to final spacing in the greenhouse is common practice. At the time of transplanting, the transpiring leaf area is a small fraction of the ground area and its cooling effect is rather limited. A preliminary modeling study suggested that if water supply from root to canopy is not limiting, a sparse crop could maintain about the same canopy temperature as a mature crop, at the expense of a considerably higher transpiration flux per leaf (and root) area. The objectives of this project were (1) to test the predictions of the model, (2) to select suitable cooling methods, and (3) to compare the drought resistance of differently prepared seedlings. Procedure Plants were grown in several configurations in high heat load environments, which were moderated by various environmental control methods. The difference between the three experimental locations was mainly in terms of scale, age of plants, and environmental control. Young potted plants were tested for a few days in small growth chambers at Technion and Newe Ya'ar. At NCSU, tomato plants of different ages and planting densities were compared over a whole growing season under conditions similar to commercial greenhouses. Results Effect of spacing: Densely spaced plants transpired less per plant and more per unit ground area than sparsely spaced plants. The canopy temperature of the densely spaced plants was lower. Air temperature was lower and humidity higher in the compartments with the densely spaced plants. The difference between species is mainly in the canopy-to-air Bowen ratio, which is positive for pepper and negative for tomato. Effect of cooling methods: Ventilation and evaporative pad cooling were found to be effective and synergitic. Air mixing turned out to be very ineffective, indicating that the canopy-to-air transfer coefficient is not the limiting factor in the ventilation process. Shading and misting, both affecting the leaf temperature directly, proved to be very effective canopy cooling methods. However, in view of their side effects, they should only be considered as emergency measures. On-line measures of stress: Chlorophyll fluorescence was shown to accurately predict photosynthesis. This is potentially useful as a rapid, non-contact way of assessing canopy heat stress. Normalized canopy temperature and transpiration rate were shown to correlate with water stress. Drought resistance of seedlings: Comparison between normal seedlings and partially defoliated ones, all subjected to prolonged drought, indicated that removing about half of the lowermost leaves prior to transplanting, may facilitate adjustment to the more stressful conditions in the greenhouse. Implications The results of this experimental study may lead to: (1) An improved model for a sparse canopy in a greenhouse. (2) A better ventilation design procedure utilizing improved estimates of the evaporation coefficient for different species and plant configurations. (3) A test for the stress resistance of transplants.
4
Bell, Gary, David Abraham, Gaurav Savant, and Anthony G. Emiren. Hydrodynamics in the Morganza Floodway and Atchafalaya Basin, report 3 : phase 3; a report for the US Army Corps of Engineers, MRG&P. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42800.
Full textAbstract:
The Morganza Floodway and the Atchafalaya Basin, located in Louisiana west of the Mississippi River, were evaluated using a two-dimensional Adaptive Hydraulics model. Prior to this study, Phase 1 and 2 model studies were performed that indicated that the existing floodway may not be able to pass the Project Design Flood discharge of 600,000 cubic feet per second due to levee overtopping. In this study, all elevations of exterior and interior levees were updated with current crest elevations. In addition, the Phase 3 effort evaluated the sensitivity of the floodway’s flow capacity to variations in tree/vegetation density conditions. These adjustments in roughness will improve the understanding of the role of land cover characteristics in the simulated water surfaces. This study also provides a number of inundation maps corresponding to certain flows through the Morganza Control Structure.
5
Ali, Rassul. Konzeptentwicklung für CDM-Projekte - Risikoanalyse der projektbezogenen Generierung von CO2-Zertifikaten (CER). Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783933795842.
Full textAbstract:
The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a complex legal-institutional system that, on the one hand, offers industrialized countries options for cost-effective emission reductions and, on the other, provides developing countries with opportunities for sustainable development. Investors face the difficulty of identifying suitable CDM projects from approximately 130 possible host countries and nearly 60 possible project activities. In order to develop points of reference for strategic investments, this paper identifies and categorizes the risks arising in the value creation process of bilateral energy projects into four action-related levels. At the host level, the focus is on political-institutional and sector-specific risks, while at the investor state level, the legal design of the CDM's complementary function is relevant. The project level covers technology- and process-related risks, with the identification of the reference case and the proof of additionality posing particular problems. The future design of the CDM and the reform of the procedure at the UNFCCC level pose a fundamental risk. A two-stage assessment procedure is proposed for risk assessment: a rough analysis captures sociographic, climate policy, institutional and sector-specific criteria of the host. The differentiation of the project stage allows the localization of the project in the value chain and a differentiation regarding the use of methods. The assessment of project registration is based on the methods used and gives recognition rates per method and project category; project performance is measured in terms of the ratio of emission reductions actually realized to those planned in the project documentation. A detailed analysis following the coarse analysis provides qualitative guidance for project evaluation. These include the Executive Board's methodological principles, correct application of methodologies, identification of the reference case, proof of additionality, as well as the financial conditions of the relevant sector and publicity-related aspects. Despite individual hosts and project technologies, the developed two-step risk analysis allows, with relatively little effort and in line with business practice, an initial assessment of CDM project risks, so that overall it lays a fundamental building block for the elaboration of a strategic implementation and sustainable investment under the CDM.
6
Reisch, Bruce, Avichai Perl, Julie Kikkert, Ruth Ben-Arie, and Rachel Gollop. Use of Anti-Fungal Gene Synergisms for Improved Foliar and Fruit Disease Tolerance in Transgenic Grapes. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7575292.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Original objectives . 1. Test anti-fungal gene products for activity against Uncinula necator, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer and Botrytis cinerea. 2. For Agrobacterium transformation, design appropriate vectors with gene combinations. 3. Use biolistic bombardment and Agrobacterium for transformation of important cultivars. 4. Characterize gene expression in transformants, as well as level of powdery mildew and Botrytis resistance in foliage of transformed plants. Background The production of new grape cultivars by conventional breeding is a complex and time-consuming process. Transferring individual traits via single genes into elite cultivars was proposed as a viable strategy, especially for vegetatively propagated crops such as grapevines. The availability of effective genetic transformation procedures, the existence of genes able to reduce pathogen stress, and improved in vitro culture methods for grapes, were combined to serve the objective of this proposal. Effective deployment of resistance genes would reduce production costs and increase crop quality, and several such genes and combinations were used in this project. Progress The efficacy of two-way combinations of Trichoderma endochitinase (CHIT42), synthetic peptide ESF12 and resveratrol upon the control of growth of Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium digitatum were evaluated in vitro. All pairwise interactions were additive but not synergistic. Per objective 2, suitable vectors with important gene combinations for Agrobacterium transformation were designed. In addition, multiple gene co-transformation by particle bombardment was also tested successfully. In New York, transformation work focused on cultivars Chardonnay and Merlot, while the technology in Israel was extended to 41B, R. 110, Prime, Italia, Gamay, Chardonnay and Velika. Transgenic plant production is summarized in the appendix. Among plants developed in Israel, endochitinase expression was assayed via the MuchT assay using material just 1-5 days after co-cultivation. Plants of cv. Sugraone carrying the gene coding for ESF12, a short anti-fungal lytic peptide under the control of the double 358 promoter, were produced. Leaf extracts of two plants showed inhibition zones that developed within 48 h indicating the inhibitory effect of the leaf extracts on the six species of bacteria. X fastidiosa, the causal organism of Pierce's disease, was very sensitive to leaf extracts from ESF12 transformed plants. Further work is needed to verify the agricultural utility of ESF12 transformants. In New York, some transformants were resistant to powdery mildew and Botrytis fruit rot. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements and implications The following scientific achievements resulted from this cooperative BARD project: 1. Development and improvement of embryogenesis and tissue culture manipulation in grape, while extending these procedures to several agriculturally important cultivars both in Israel and USA. 2. Development and improvement of novel transformation procedures while developing transformation techniques for grape and other recalcitrant species. 3. Production of transgenic grapevines, characterization of transformed vines while studying the expression patterns of a marker gene under the control of different promoter as the 35S CaMV in different part of the plants including flowers and fruits. 4. Expression of anti-fungal genes in grape: establishment of transgenic plants and evaluation of gene expression. Development of techniques to insert multiple genes. 5. Isolation of novel grape specific promoter to control the expression of future antimicrobial genes. It is of great importance to report that significant progress was made in not only the development of transgenic grapevines, but also in the evaluation of their potential for increased resistance to disease as compared with the non engineered cultivar. In several cases, increased disease resistance was observed. More research and development is still needed before a product can be commercialized, yet our project lays a framework for further investigations.
7
Paynter, Robin A., Celia Fiordalisi, Elizabeth Stoeger, Eileen Erinoff, Robin Featherstone, Christiane Voisin, and Gaelen P. Adam. A Prospective Comparison of Evidence Synthesis Search Strategies Developed With and Without Text-Mining Tools. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcmethodsprospectivecomparison.
Full textAbstract:
Background: In an era of explosive growth in biomedical evidence, improving systematic review (SR) search processes is increasingly critical. Text-mining tools (TMTs) are a potentially powerful resource to improve and streamline search strategy development. Two types of TMTs are especially of interest to searchers: word frequency (useful for identifying most used keyword terms, e.g., PubReminer) and clustering (visualizing common themes, e.g., Carrot2). Objectives: The objectives of this study were to compare the benefits and trade-offs of searches with and without the use of TMTs for evidence synthesis products in real world settings. Specific questions included: (1) Do TMTs decrease the time spent developing search strategies? (2) How do TMTs affect the sensitivity and yield of searches? (3) Do TMTs identify groups of records that can be safely excluded in the search evaluation step? (4) Does the complexity of a systematic review topic affect TMT performance? In addition to quantitative data, we collected librarians' comments on their experiences using TMTs to explore when and how these new tools may be useful in systematic review search¬¬ creation. Methods: In this prospective comparative study, we included seven SR projects, and classified them into simple or complex topics. The project librarian used conventional “usual practice” (UP) methods to create the MEDLINE search strategy, while a paired TMT librarian simultaneously and independently created a search strategy using a variety of TMTs. TMT librarians could choose one or more freely available TMTs per category from a pre-selected list in each of three categories: (1) keyword/phrase tools: AntConc, PubReMiner; (2) subject term tools: MeSH on Demand, PubReMiner, Yale MeSH Analyzer; and (3) strategy evaluation tools: Carrot2, VOSviewer. We collected results from both MEDLINE searches (with and without TMTs), coded every citation’s origin (UP or TMT respectively), deduplicated them, and then sent the citation library to the review team for screening. When the draft report was submitted, we used the final list of included citations to calculate the sensitivity, precision, and number-needed-to-read for each search (with and without TMTs). Separately, we tracked the time spent on various aspects of search creation by each librarian. Simple and complex topics were analyzed separately to provide insight into whether TMTs could be more useful for one type of topic or another. Results: Across all reviews, UP searches seemed to perform better than TMT, but because of the small sample size, none of these differences was statistically significant. UP searches were slightly more sensitive (92% [95% confidence intervals (CI) 85–99%]) than TMT searches (84.9% [95% CI 74.4–95.4%]). The mean number-needed-to-read was 83 (SD 34) for UP and 90 (SD 68) for TMT. Keyword and subject term development using TMTs generally took less time than those developed using UP alone. The average total time was 12 hours (SD 8) to create a complete search strategy by UP librarians, and 5 hours (SD 2) for the TMT librarians. TMTs neither affected search evaluation time nor improved identification of exclusion concepts (irrelevant records) that can be safely removed from the search set. Conclusion: Across all reviews but one, TMT searches were less sensitive than UP searches. For simple SR topics (i.e., single indication–single drug), TMT searches were slightly less sensitive, but reduced time spent in search design. For complex SR topics (e.g., multicomponent interventions), TMT searches were less sensitive than UP searches; nevertheless, in complex reviews, they identified unique eligible citations not found by the UP searches. TMT searches also reduced time spent in search strategy development. For all evidence synthesis types, TMT searches may be more efficient in reviews where comprehensiveness is not paramount, or as an adjunct to UP for evidence syntheses, because they can identify unique includable citations. If TMTs were easier to learn and use, their utility would be increased.