Academic literature on the topic 'Detachment of Soil'
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Journal articles on the topic "Detachment of Soil"
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Tan, Soon-Keat. "Rainfall and soil detachment." Journal of Hydraulic Research 27, no. 5 (September 1989): 699–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221688909499119.
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Hasan, Manar, and Abdul-Sahib Al-Madhhachi. "The Influence of Crude Oil on Mechanistic Detachment Rate Parameters." Geosciences 8, no. 9 (September 4, 2018): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8090332.
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Iraqi soil contamination greatly influenced soil detachment. Previous researchers have not been able to predict the influence of crude oil soil contamination on either the mechanistic dimensional detachment parameter b0 or the threshold parameter b1 of the mechanistic detachment model (Wilson model). The aims of this research were (1) to investigate the influence of crude oil on deriving Wilson model parameters, b0 and b1, with two setups at different scales and different soil moisture contents and (2) to predict b0 and b1 in crude oil contaminated dry soils with varying levels of contamination. The “mini” JET apparatus was implemented under laboratory conditions for soil specimens packed at both a small (standard mold) and a large (in-situ soil box) scale. The results showed an inverse correlation between b0 and water content for clean soil. No correlation between b0 and soil moisture content was observed for contaminated soils. There was a huge reduction in the b0 value as the contamination time increased compared to the clean soil. This was related to the role crude oil plays in soil stabilization. Crude oil contamination significantly increased lead contamination level while slightly increasing the pH and total organic carbon. The influence of crude oil on mechanistic soil detachment can be predicted with a priori JET experiments on soils without crude oil based on crude oil parameters.
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Govers, G., and RJ Loch. "Effects of initial water content and soil mechanical strength on the runoff erosion resistance of clay soils." Soil Research 31, no. 5 (1993): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9930549.
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Effects of antecedent water content and soil strength on the resistance to erosion by overland (rill) flow were tested for two clay soils of the eastern Darling Downs, Queensland. Both shear and unconfined compressive strength of wet soil (for soil wet to saturation immediately prior to application of rill flow) mere higher for soil with initially high water contents than for soil initially air-dry. Rates of runoff erosion did not show a simple relationship with soil strength across the two soils, though for each soil, higher strength was associated with much lower rates of erosion. The results show that variations in initial water content can be associated with large chang;es in soil erodibility. Particularly for the initially wet soils of higher strength, rates of runoff erosion were controlled by rates of detachment of sediment. From size distributions of wet aggregates and of sediment, and from measured water contents of wet soil, it can be suggested that the extent of incipient failure of aggregates on wet;ting was a major factor controlling ease of detachment by rill flow, as it can be inferred that detachment of sediment involved breakdown of aggregates. Consistent with this, rates of runoff erosion across the two soils showed a direct relationship with the amount of water uptake on wetting, which appears to be a useful measure of susceptibility to detachment by rill flow. Water uptake on wetting would be an indirect measure of incipient failure and, hence, of aggregate strength.
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Shen, Nan, Zhanli Wang, Qingwei Zhang, Hao Chen, and Bing Wu. "Modelling soil detachment capacity by rill flow with hydraulic variables on a simulated steep loessial hillslope." Hydrology Research 50, no. 1 (August 23, 2018): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2018.037.
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Abstract Modelling soil detachment capacity by rill flow with hydraulic variables is essential to understanding the rill erosion process and developing physically based rill erosion models. A rill flume experiment with non-erodible flume bed and small soil samples was conducted. Seven flow discharges and six steep slope gradients were combined to produce various flow hydraulics. The soil detachment capacity increases with the increase in slope gradient and flow discharge. The critical slope gradients of 21.26 and 26.79% cause the detachment capacity to increase at a slow pace. The soil detachment capacity can be defined by a power function of flow discharges and slopes. The contribution rates of slope gradient and flow discharge to soil detachment capacity are 42 and 54%, respectively. The soil detachment capacity increases with shear stress, stream power and unit stream power; the increase rates of these parameters are greater under gentle slopes than steep slopes. Stream power is the superior hydrodynamic parameter describing soil detachment capacity. The linear model equation of stream power is stable and reliable, which can accurately predict soil detachment capacity by rill flow on steep loessial hillslopes. This study can help to sufficiently clarify the dynamic mechanism of soil detachment and accurately predict soil detachment capacity for steep loessial hillslopes.
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Sharma, P. P., S. C. Gupta, and G. R. Foster. "Predicting Soil Detachment by Raindrops." Soil Science Society of America Journal 57, no. 3 (May 1993): 674–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700030007x.
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Alewell, C., M. Schaub, and F. Conen. "A method to detect soil carbon degradation during soil erosion." Biogeosciences Discussions 6, no. 3 (June 18, 2009): 5771–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-5771-2009.
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Abstract. Soil erosion has been discussed intensively but controversial both as a significant source or a significant sink of atmospheric carbon possibly explaining the gap in the global carbon budget. One of the major points of discussion has been whether or not carbon is degraded and mineralized to CO2 during detachment, transport and deposition of soil material. By combining the caesium-137 (137Cs) approach (quantification of erosion rates) with stable carbon isotope signatures (process indicator of mixing versus degradation of carbon pools) we were able to show that degradation of carbon occurs during soil erosion processes at the investigated mountain grasslands in the central Swiss Alps (Urseren Valley, Canton Uri). Transects from upland (erosion source) to wetland soils (erosion sinks) of sites affected by sheet and land slide erosion were sampled. Analysis of 137Cs yielded an input of 2 and 2.6 t ha−1 yr−1 of soil material into the wetlands sites. Assuming no degradation of soil organic carbon during detachment and transport, carbon isotope signature of soil organic carbon in the wetlands could only be explained with an assumed 800 and 400 years of erosion input into the wetlands. The latter is highly unlikely with alpine peat growth rates indicating that the upper horizons might have an age between 7 and 200 years. While we do not conclude from our data that eroded soil organic carbon is generally degraded during detachment and transport, we propose this method to gain more information on process dynamics during soil erosion from oxic upland to anoxic wetland soils, sediments or water bodies.
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Khanal, Anish, Garey A. Fox, and Lucie Guertault. "Soil Moisture Impacts Linear and Nonlinear Erodibility Parameters from Jet Erosion Tests." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 4 (2020): 1123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13835.
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HighlightsThe jet erosion test (JET) remains the most commonly used instrument for measuring in situ erodibility.This research investigated the impact of soil moisture content below saturation on erodibility parameters.Erodibility parameters were derived for both linear and nonlinear detachment models.Higher soil moisture increased initial resistance to erosion but also increased erosion rate.Abstract. The jet erosion test (JET) is a commonly employed technique to measure the erodibility of soils in situ by estimating the parameters of linear and nonlinear cohesive sediment detachment models. However, additional research is needed to understand the effect of soil moisture, a critical in situ test condition, on the derived erodibility parameters. This study compared the erodibility parameters, i.e., critical shear stress (tc) and the erodibility coefficient (kd) for the linear excess shear stress equation and two parameters (b0 and b1) for a nonlinear detachment model, from laboratory JETs across two soil types with contrasting texture and moisture contents. The general pattern was that higher soil moisture content increased the soil’s initial resistance to erosion (i.e., higher tc and b1), but once erosion was initiated the rate of erosion was greater (i.e., higher kd and b0). The magnitude of the changes in the erodibility parameters across the three soil moisture profiles investigated in this research were statistically significant, with kd and b0 varying by as much as a factor of 3. This research also confirmed the greater impact of soil moisture content on kd and b0 as compared to tc and b1. For the range of shear stress applied during these JETs, a linear detachment model was more appropriate for the sandy loam soil but less so for the more cohesive clay loam soil, but results were limited to a narrow range in applied shear stress. The results further support existing research conclusions that in situ erodibility measurements obtained under one set of soil moisture conditions may need to be adjusted to better predict soil detachment during storm events. Keywords: Cohesive soil, Critical shear stress, Detachment model, Erodibility, Jet erosion test, Shear stress, Soil moisture.
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Alewell, C., M. Schaub, and F. Conen. "A method to detect soil carbon degradation during soil erosion." Biogeosciences 6, no. 11 (November 10, 2009): 2541–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-2541-2009.
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Abstract. Soil erosion has been discussed intensively but controversial both as a significant source or a significant sink of atmospheric carbon possibly explaining the gap in the global carbon budget. One of the major points of discussion has been whether or not carbon is degraded and mineralized to CO2 during detachment, transport and deposition of soil material. By combining the caesium-137 (137Cs) approach (quantification of erosion rates) with stable carbon isotope signatures (process indicator of mixing versus degradation of carbon pools) we were able to show that degradation of carbon occurs during soil erosion processes at the investigated mountain grasslands in the central Swiss Alps (Urseren Valley, Canton Uri). Transects from upland (erosion source) to wetland soils (erosion sinks) of sites affected by sheet and land slide erosion were sampled. Analysis of 137Cs yielded an input of 2 and 4.6 tha−1 yr−1 of soil material into the wetlands sites. Assuming no degradation of soil organic carbon during detachment and transport, carbon isotope signature of soil organic carbon in the wetlands could only be explained with an assumed 500–600 and 350–400 years of erosion input into the wetlands Laui and Spissen, respectively. The latter is highly unlikely with alpine peat growth rates indicating that the upper horizons might have an age between 7 and 200 years. While we do not conclude from our data that eroded soil organic carbon is generally degraded during detachment and transport, we propose this method to gain more information on process dynamics during soil erosion from oxic upland to anoxic wetland soils, sediments or water bodies.
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Kuczynska, Ewa, Daniel R. Shelton, and Yakov Pachepsky. "Effect of Bovine Manure on Cryptosporidium parvum Oocyst Attachment to Soil." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 10 (October 2005): 6394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.10.6394-6397.2005.
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ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to assess the effect of dilute bovine manure (1.0% and 0.1%) versus that of no manure on attachment and subsequent detachment of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts to soil. Manure enhanced the attachment of oocysts to soil particles; the maximum attachment was observed with 0.1% manure. Oocyst attachment was partially reversible; maximum detachment was observed with dilute manure. These results indicate that oocyst attachment to soil is substantially affected by bovine manure in a complex manner and should have implications for how oocysts may be transported through or over soils.
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Salles, Christian, and Jean Poesen. "Rain properties controlling soil splash detachment." Hydrological Processes 14, no. 2 (February 15, 2000): 271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1085(20000215)14:2<271::aid-hyp925>3.0.co;2-j.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Detachment of Soil"
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Gomes, Taciana Figueiredo. "Dinâmica da erosão em uma microbacia coberta por cana-de-açúcar e floresta ripária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64135/tde-02052018-105320/.
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O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de cana-de-açúcar, com uma área cultivada de aproximadamente 10 milhões de hectares. Em se tratando da sustentabilidade ambiental dessas áreas nota-se que há ainda um grande caminho a ser percorrido. Um dos problemas mais agudos é a erosão do solo e as suas implicações que trazem prejuízos ao produtor, à comunidade, à economia e ao meio ambiente. Neste estudo, objetivou-se investigar a erosão hídrica em uma microbacia de 6 hectares, nas duas vertentes cobertas por cana-de-açúcar, e com a presença de floresta na área ripária, em conformidade com o Código Florestal Brasileiro. Para isso, pluviômetros foram instalados para medir o volume e a intensidade das chuvas. A geração de escoamento superficial e da perda de solo foram estimados por parcelas instaladas nas duas vertentes cultivadas com cana-de-açúcar e na floresta ripária. Batimetria foi realizada no canal para avaliar o volume de sedimento depositado no riacho. A origem deste material foi determinada pelas composições isotópicas do carbono, expresso com ? 13C, utilizando-se como referência amostras de solo de áreas manejadas com cana-de-açúcar e floresta ripária. Nos estágios iniciais da cultura, a intensidade da chuva influenciou significativamente a ocorrência de escoamento e a desagregação do solo; que foram minimizadas com o crescimento da cana. Na floresta ripária, o escoamento superficial e a desagregação do solo ocorreram somente durante eventos intensos. Em uma das vertentes, cerca de 5% da precipitação anual foi drenada como escoamento superficial; na outra vertente, esta proporção aumentou para aproximadamente 11% e na floresta ripária diminuiu para menos de 2%. A perda do solo foi de aproximadamente 1.000 g m-2 em uma vertente, aumentou para cerca de 5.000 g m-2 na outra vertente, decrescendo para apenas 50 g m-2 na floresta ripária. Através da batimetria, estimou-se que 3,6 Mg de sedimentos por hectare foram carreados no riacho durante a estação chuvosa. A análise das composições isotópicas indicou que cerca de 30% da matéria orgânica presente no sedimento do riacho foi proveniente das áreas de cana e os outros 70% foram provenientes das áreas de florestaBrazil is the world largest sugarcane producer, with a cropped area of approximately 10 million hectares. Soil erosion and its implications are some of the neglected environmental problems in sugarcane fields. In this study a plot of 6 hectares cropped with sugarcane, encompassing a 30 meters of riparian forest bordering a stream was chosen. Two pluviometers were installed in an open area in order to measure the amount and intensity of rain during the rainy season. Surface runoff generation and soil detachment were estimated by plots installed in cultivated and riparian areas. Bathymetry was carried out in the stream channel to estimate the soil mass settled on the stream bed. The sources of organic matter were investigated by carbon (?13C) stable isotopic compositions. In the earlier stages of the crop, the rain intensity strongly influenced runoff generation and soil detachment; that were minimized with the plant growth. In riparian areas, runoff and soil detachment occurred only during intense events. The total rainfall was approximately 1,500 mm, in one slope of the sugarcane field, approximately 5% of this rainfall drained from the watershed as surface runoff; in the other slope this proportion increased to approximately 11%, and in the riparian forest decreased to less than 2%. The soil detachment was approximately 1,000 g m-2 in one sugarcane slope, and increased to approximately 5,000 g m-2 in the other slope, decreasing in the riparian forest to only 50 g m-2. Using the bathymetry conducted in the stream channel, we estimated that 3.6 Mg of sediment per hectare were settled on the stream bed during the rainy season. The averages ?13C of soil from forest and sugarcane areas and in the stream bed indicated that 30% of this material was generated in the sugarcane areas and 70% in the riparian forest
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Hairsine, Peter Brian, and n/a. "A Physically Based Model of the Erosion of Cohesive Soils." Griffith University. Division of Australian Environmental Studies, 1988. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20050826.114613.
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A new model of the erosion by water of cohesive soils is developed using physical principles. The theoretical framework which is developed recognises the changing nature of the eroding surface of a soil. Raindrop impact and overland flow are considered to act upon a soil surface so removing soil from the cohesive original (or parent) soil. Once this soil enters the overland flow, either as aggregates or primary particles, it is considered to return to the soil bed, from which it may be re-removed. The development of a deposited layer makes it necessary to distinguish between processes removing sediment from the original soil and those processes removing the deposited layer. This layer, being formed by the relatively gentle action of deposition during the current erosion event, is presumed cohesionless. The physical properties of the original soil and the deposited layer are considered to be very different. The development of two experimental apparatus, a rainfall/runoff simulator and a settling tube for the measurement of aggregate settling velocities, is first described. Experimental investigations, using these apparatus, and field observations to inform the description of the erosion and deposition processes, are then presented. The processes by which rainfall impact removes sediment from the original soil and the deposited layer are termed rainfall detachment and rainfall re-detachment respectively. Initially, descriptions of these processes in the presence of deposition, are combined in a model describing net rainfall detachment when removal of sediment from the flow bed by overland flow is not occurring. The developriient of the deposited layer is considered both quantitatively and qualitatively. The solution of the equation describing mass conservation is then given for the equilibrium situation when the mass of the deposited layer, and therefore the sediment concentration, is constant with respect to time. The processes by which overland flow removes sediment from the original soil and the deposited layer are termed entrainment and re-entrainment. The work done by the process of entrainment is considered to be done wholly against the cohesive strength of the original soil. In contrast to the process of entrainment, the work done in re-entraining sediment from the deposited layer is considered only to be done against gravity. The resulting description of these processes is then combined with the previous descriptions of rainfall detachment, rainfall re-detachment and deposition and with the equation describing the conservation of mass of sediment within any arbitary number of size (or settling velocity) classes. A plane geometry model Is developed in which the surface water flow is considered to be uniformily distributed across a plane slope on which all processes act. When the mass of the deposited layer is steady, two possible forms of equilibrium are shown to exist. When the coverage of the original soil by deposited layer is partial, the sediment concentration is limited by the removal of the cohesive original soil by entrainment and rainfall detachment, in the presence of deposition. This situation is termed 'source limiting' and is shown to provide a lower limit to sediment concentration. When the coverage of the deposited layer is complete so that entrainment and rainfall detachment of the original soil are considered not to occur, then the ability of the erosive agents to re-entrain and re-detach sediment in the presence of deposition limits sediment concentration. This situation, termed 'transport limiting', is shown to provide a practical upper limit to sediment concentration. This plane geometry flow model is followed by a revised model in which all processes are considered to occur but the flow of water on a plane surface is modified by the formation of rills. In this 'detailed geometry model' the spatial distribution of the erosive agents is shown to have a marked influence on the resulting processes and sediment concentrations. A potential description of the sediment transport across a change in land slope is also developed. Finally, a discussion of this new modelling approach is presented in which the conceptual developments of this thesis are considered and future developments are suggested. This discussion also includes a comparison of the outcomes of this new work with similar erosion models.
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Rutnakornpituk, Metha. "Synthesis of Silicone Magnetic Fluids for Use in Eye Surgery." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27723.
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Stable suspensions of superparamagnetic cobalt nanoparticles have been prepared in poly(dimethysiloxane) (PDMS) carrier fluids in the presence of poly[dimethylsiloxane-b-(3-cyanopropyl)methylsiloxane-b-dimethylsiloxane] (PDMS-PCPMS-PDMS) triblock copolymers as steric stabilizers. A series of the polysiloxane triblock copolymers with systematically varied molecular weights were prepared via anionic polymerization using LiOH as an initiator. These copolymers formed micelles in toluene or poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) carrier fluids and served as â nanoreactorsâ for thermal decomposition of the Co2(CO)8 precursor. The nitrile groups on the PCPMS central blocks are thought to coordinate onto the particle surface, while the PDMS endblocks protrude into the reaction medium to provide steric stability. The particle size can be controlled by adjusting the cobalt to copolymer ratio. Ordered self-assemblies of these cobalt nanoparticles are observed when the dispersions are cast from toluene. Electron diffraction spectroscopy reveals that the cobalt nanoparticles have fcc crystal structures. TEM shows non-aggregated cobalt nanoparticles with narrow size distributions, which are evenly surrounded with copolymer sheaths. However, some degree of surface oxidation was observed over time, resulting in a decrease in magnetic susceptibility.
Novel poly[dimethylsiloxane-b-methyltriethoxysilylsiloxane-b-(3-cyanopropyl) methylsiloxane-b-methyltriethoxysilylsiloxane-b-dimethylsiloxane] (PDMS-PMTEOS-PCPMS-PMTEOS-PDMS) pentablock terpolymers were prepared. These terpolymers could fill the dual role both as steric stabilizers for preparing stable cobalt nanoparticle dispersions and
precursors for the particle coating process. Silica films coated on the particles surfaces were employed to prevent the surface oxidation of the nanoparticles. Specific saturation magnetic measurement indicates that coating the nanoparticles with silica thin films can effectively inhibit the oxidation process.Ph. D.
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Tang, Chi, and 唐琦. "Study on the Phenomenon of Soil Detachment by Overland Flow on Slopeland." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10760177579693256443.
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"A physically-based study of the mechanism of sediment detachment in the soil erosion process." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-05312012-142749.
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This study presents a critical evaluation of the mechanism of detachment in an
erosion process. Sediment detachment is defined as the dislodgment of soil particles
from the soil mass during an erosion event. The dislodgment is caused by the forces
applied by both overland flow and raindrops. The detachment of sediments is also
dependent on a number of other factors, especially on those that are affecting the soil
erodibility.
The first part of this study comprises a comprehensive literature review of the
general area of sediment detachment. The literature review includes the examination of
the current methods of quantifying the rate of sediment detachment and the
identification of the areas that require further development. The general conclusion
from this review is that there is a need for the development of a more detailed
theoretical and engineering-based equation for predicting the rate of sediment
detachment and for assessing soil erodibility in order to provide an improved
physically-based erosion model.
The second part of this study consists of the development of a new equation to
describe the mechanism of sediment detachment in the erosion process. The equation is
based on the concept that soil particles will be detached from the parent material if there
is a net upward force greater than zero acting on the particles. The forces acting on the
soil particles include those from the erosive agents (overland flow and raindrops),
seepage, self weight and cohesion. The primary advantage of this equation is that it
helps change the basis of prediction of the rate of sediment detachment from empiricism
to the utilization of physically based variables. Therefore, it is possible to separately assess the relative importance of the individual factors affecting the mechanism of
sediment detachment.
The third part of this study includes the laboratory and numerical tests. These
tests, which involve the use of one agricultural soil and two cohesionless sands, have
two purposes. Firstly, the tests were designed to examine the roles of soil density and
seepage in the erosion process. Observations from these tests show that both factors
(soil density and seepage) have direct impacts on both runoff and soil erosion rates.
However, the results also show that the impacts of the two factors on runoff rates cannot
be used to predict their impacts on the erosion rates. Specifically, both the soil density
and seepage have distinctive impacts on the soil erodibility, as also indicated by the
detachment equation developed in this study.
The second purpose of the experimental and numerical tests was to provide
quantitative testing of the detachment equation. Only the impact of seepage and density
changes on soil erosion rates as obtained from the cohesionless sands were used for the
testing. The analysis shows a very good correlation between the experimental results
and the equation.
In the fourth and final part of this study, a discussion of the practical
significance and applications of the new detachment equation is presented. The
discussion also includes the general limitations of this study, with particular reference to
those components of the detachment equation which require further development.
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Demeule, Fanie. "Entre désincarnation et réincarnation : la poétique du corps dans le récit d'un soi anorexique suivi de Carnet d'une désincarnée." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11295.
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Mémoire de recherche et création, incluant une partie essai et un texte de création.Ma recherche questionne la relation entre anorexie et écriture, omniprésente en littérature, mais dont la problématique du récit de soi reste un objet assez obscur; le potentiel de réincarnation de l’être ascétique à travers le récit de soi a faiblement été soulevé. Amélie Nothomb (Biographie de la faim) et Geneviève Brisac (Petite) se sont remémorées, par le biais de romans autofictionnels, leur passé anorexique dans une poétique elle-même ascétique. À travers l’analyse de cette performativité textuelle, ainsi que des procédés d’écritures d’autodérision et de distanciation narrative sollicités par ces auteures, mon essai propose que ces manifestations poétiques contribuent à une réincarnation indépendante du corps anorexique en œuvre littéraire, et de ce fait, poser un regard nouveau sur les souffrances antérieures. Prenant la forme d’un recueil de fragments scellé d’un pacte autofictionnel, Carnet d’une désincarnée expérimente l’écriture mémorielle de mon adolescence marquée par l’anorexie mentale. Ainsi, chacun des fragments relate, dans un « je » autodiégétique, une situation isolée d’un quotidien en lutte perpétuelle contre soi, lutte dont l’ultime et unique but est la désincarnation. Or, suite à cette désincarnation, l’objectif de mon projet était de me réincarner à travers les mots dans un carnet de chair et d’os. À cheval entre réalité et fiction, Carnet d’une désincarnée explore la possibilité de créer un texte performatif afin de projeter l’émaciation physique de l’anorexie sur l’échafaudage même du texte, qui deviendrait à part entière un corps amaigri, mais bien vivant.
My research questions the relation between anorexia and writing, omnipotent in literature, but which the question of self-writing is still really obscure; the potential of reincarnation of the ascetic individual through writing being barely tackled. Amélie Nothomb (Biographie de la faim) and Geneviève Brisac (Petite) have been both remembering themselves, through autobiographical novels, their anorexic past through an ascetic poetic in itself. Analysing this textual performativity, as well as writing process such as self-mockery and narrative detachment solicited by these authors, my essay observes that these poetical features lead altogether to an independent corporeal reincarnation of the anorexic body into literary work, and therefore, draw a new vision on the past sufferings. Taking the form of a fragmented text sealed by an autofictionnal pact, Carnet d’une désincarnée (Disembodied’s Diary) experiment the reminiscence of my adolescence marked by anorexia. In this way, each fragment recall, using the pronoun « I » as talking to myself, an isolated situation of a routine in a perpetual battle with the self, battle which the unique goal is disembodiment. Further to this disembodiment, the objective of my project was to reincarnate myself with words through the production of a diary made out of flesh and bones. In between fiction and reality, Carnet d’une désincarnée is exploring the possibility of creating a performative text that projected the emaciation of anorexia, becoming a barebonned but alive body in itself.
Book chapters on the topic "Detachment of Soil"
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"soil detachment." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1264. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_195135.
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"New Model of Soil Detachment by Water Flow." In Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming, 589–96. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482274523-67.
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Keefer, Robert F. "Movement of Water Across Soils (Erosion)." In Handbook of Soils for Landscape Architects. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195121025.003.0007.
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Erosion is the physical wearing away of the land surface by running water, wind, or ice. Soil or rock is initially detached by falling water, running water, wind, ice or freezing conditions, or gravity. Movement of the rock or soil may follow. Erosion is the combination of detachment and movement of soil or rock. Water erosion can be subdivided into either natural or man-made. Natural or geologic erosion does not require the presence of man. This process has been going on from the moment that land masses were uplifted. An example of geologic erosion is the Grand Canyon in Arizona. Man-made erosion is also called “accelerated erosion” as it is more rapid than natural erosion. Changes that man or animals have made to the soil by cultivation, construction, or any movement of earth often result in loss of soil by erosion. Accelerated erosion involves raindrop erosion, sheet erosion, surface flow, and landscapes. For raindrop erosion to occur, there must be detachment of soil particles followed by either transportation or compaction. Sheet erosion is the slow wearing away of the surface of soil. Surface flow occurs when sufficient water collects to run downhill, resulting in small soil cuts (rills) that often develop into large ruts (gullies). Landslides or slips occur when large chunks of soil move as a unit downhill, often resulting in drops of several feet or more. As rain falls, the drops strike the soil surface moving the soil particles with energy being expended in three kinds of ways: (a) detachment— soil particles are broken into smaller pieces, (b) transportation— small soil grains are moved to a new location as they splash into the air; movement can be downward, to sides, or up eventually acting as a smoothing agent, or (c) compaction—raindrops compact soil surface on bare soil forming a crust, resulting in running the soil particles together (puddling) so that air and water can no longer enter the soil. This causes loss of infiltration and results in runoff.
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"Experiments on coupling effect of upward seepage on slope soil detachment." In Advanced Engineering and Technology, 161–66. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16699-26.
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Sposito, Garrison. "Mineral Weathering." In The Chemistry of Soils. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190630881.003.0009.
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Mineral weathering begins with mineral dissolution, typically as induced by protons or by ligands that form strong complexes with metals (Section 1.4). Proton-induced dissolution begins with H+ adsorption, exemplified in Eq. 3.2 for a metal oxyhydroxide mineral. In the absence of ligands that could replace the positively charged water molecule resulting from this rapid reaction, proton adsorption is followed by slow detachment of the metal, which then equilibrates as a soluble species in the soil solution, as illustrated in Fig. 5.1 (pathway 1) for gibbsite [Al(OH)3; see Fig. 2.7] at a pH value low enough that the detached Al3+ does not hydrolyze. Ligand-induced dissolution is also illustrated in Fig. 5.1 (pathway 2). The ligand is a fluoride anion, which forms a strong complex with Al3+ (see problem 3 in Chapter 4). Adsorption in this case occurs by ligand exchange, which is illustrated for carboxylate in Eq. 3.3. A similar reaction occurs for F-:...Slow detachment of the AlF2+ complex then follows. Whenever a mineral dissolution reaction induced by either of these two-step mechanisms is far from equilibrium, it is not influenced by the very low concentration of the constituent released from the dissolving mineral and its rate can be described by zero-order kinetics (Table 4.2). Accordingly, if [A] is the concentration of a constituent released, then the rate law can be expressed as...where kd is a rate coefficient independent of [A] , but a function of temperature, pressure, pH, the chemical properties of the mineral, and, if appropriate, the concentration of the ligand inducing dissolution via the second mechanism in Fig. 5.1. The mineral dissolution rate on the left side of Eq. 5.2 can be mass-normalized to express it in moles per mole of mineral per second by dividing the molar concentration [A] with the solids concentration of the mineral expressed in units of moles per liter. This mass-normalized rate does not depend on the amount of mineral dissolving. For proton-induced dissolution, the rate is then a function of temperature, pressure, pH, and the chemical nature of the mineral.
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Manos, G. C., E. Kozikopoulos, L. Kotoulas, and O. Felekidou. "The earthquake performance of stone-masonry basilica churches in Kefalonia-Greece including wall detachment and soil-foundation deformability." In Brick and Block Masonry, 245–54. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b21889-28.
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Porpora, Douglas V. "The Emotional Detachment from the Sacred." In Landscapes of the Soul, 95–130. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/0195134915.003.0004.
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Portinari, Stefania. "‘Dissidenti’ e invitati alle mostre del 1920." In Storie dell’arte contemporanea. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-199-7/009.
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1920 is a watershed: a year that marks a break and a detachment in exhibitions held at Ca’ Pesaro palace. If in 1919 there was a ‘resurrection’ of the annual group show, after World War I, then a rift emerges that will never heal. A split between ‘dissident’ artists (actually the most interesting ones and pioneers of those so famous exhibits) and who was then in charge on the venue took place. Therefore some verifications about real reasons are reaffirmed through research on press and statements. Is there actually a unity of poetic between those ‘rebels’? Or it just happened due to a spirit of uncompromising revolt? Maybe it has more to deal with meeting again between soul mates.
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Quinn, Emelia. "J. M. Coetzee and Monstrous Vegan Performativity." In Reading Veganism, 119–42. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192843494.003.0005.
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Chapter 4 turns to the work of J. M. Coetzee, establishing a reparative means of confronting violence against the nonhuman. Framed in relation to Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick’s notion of paranoid and reparative reading, this chapter suggests what might be done with our identification of the monstrous vegan as a pervasive literary trope. Focusing on Coetzee’s Elizabeth Costello texts, this chapter reads Costello as a performative enactment of the monstrous vegan. The staging of veganism as performance is seen to enable a reclamation of joy, pleasure, and optimism: affective states often abandoned in order to bear witness to violence against nonhuman animals. The chapter argues that the literary staging of veganism as monstrous performance provides an important framework for re-investing in the possibilities of vegan identity: offering a mode of detachment that refuses moral purity or the claim of ‘the beautiful soul’ by acknowledging self-interest and an entanglement in the violence of representational strategies.
Conference papers on the topic "Detachment of Soil"
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"Justifying the Use of a Nonlinear Detachment Model for Cohesive Soil Erosion." In 2015 ASABE International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20152187175.
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Lei, Tingwu, Qingwen Zhang, Pan Yinghua, and Wang Hui. "Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Verification of Soil Detachment Rate Equation of Rill Erosion in WEPP." In 2003, Las Vegas, NV July 27-30, 2003. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.14039.
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Al-Madhhachi, A. T., G. A. Fox, and G. J. Hanson. "A Mechanistic Detachment Rate Model to Predict Soil Erodibility due to Fluvial and Seepage Forces." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2013. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412947.158.
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Khanal, A., K. Klavon, G. A. Fox, and E. R. Daly. "Nonlinear Detachment Model for Soil Erodibility: Application and Incorporation into a Streambank Erosion and Stability Model." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479162.173.
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Voie, Per Erlend, Geir Skeie, and Jens Bergan-Haavik. "Importance Rating of Riser-Soil Interaction Effects." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24179.
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The fatigue life of risers loaded by wave kinematics, vessel movements, and vortex-induced vibrations, is one of the critical issues when designing floating production systems comprised of a large floating structure attached to the seabed by vertical tethers or mooring lines. It is especially difficult to estimate fatigue stresses due to the interaction between the seabed/soil and the riser because of the high non-linearity of soil response. Adding to the complexity the touchdown zone where the riser contacts the soil often proves to be the critical location for the fatigue life, since the maximum bending stresses usually occur in this part of the riser. Previous studies have also shown fatigue damage to be sensitive to soil stiffness. Although linear elastic soil models provide very useful insights about pipe-soil interaction, they cannot fully describe the complex interaction problem including: trench formation, non-linear soil properties, soil suction, detachment of the pipe from the soil, pipe re-contact with the soil and degradation of soil stiffness, which are evident from full-scale experimental testing and field surveys. The background for this study is to explore the effect of going beyond the common linear soil model, calculate the riser-soil interaction effects in more detail and identify which interaction effects are the most important for riser response. Based on consolidating knowledge from conference publications, joint development projects and bearing capacity theory a pipe-soil interaction model accounting for the seemingly most important interaction mechanisms is developed and implemented in ABAQUS. The importance of the many interaction effects is explored through sensitivity studies. Based on the importance rating recommendations are given on what level of model sophistication to choose for different applications e.g. fatigue analysis.
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Zhang, Qingwen, Yuequn Dong, Tingwu Lei, Zhengli Yang, Aiping Zhang, and Xingren Liu. "<i>Effects of detachment capacity on soil erodibility to concentrated flow with flume experiments</i>." In 2017 Spokane, Washington July 16 - July 19, 2017. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.201701017.
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Belgibaev, Muhit. "EOLOLOGY A NEW DIRECTION OF GEOGRAPHY AND GEOECOLOGY." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1687.978-5-317-06490-7/108-112.
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The article considers a new scientific direction - eolology, which studies the causes and regularities of the processes of subaerial transport (detachment, transportation and accumulation) of aeolian material of natural and anthropogenic origin, as well as the relationship between the soil cover, troposphere and ocean. In the global system of salt transfer, a regularity is observed: the salts involved in the cycle enter the arid zone in the base by hydrochemical means (surface and underground runoff), are carried out by the eolian; they enter the humid one by the aeolian route and fall out with precipitation, and are carried out by the hydrochemical route, which is confirmed by quantitative estimates of the compiled salt balance. Eolology is of particular importance for the desert and semi-desert zone: with sandy, gypsum, clay, rubble and salt marshes.
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Garey A Fox, Abdul-Sahib Al-Madhhachi, and Erin R Daly. "Application of Excess Shear Stress and Mechanistic Detachment Rate Models for the Erodibility of Cohesive Soils." In 2013 Kansas City, Missouri, July 21 - July 24, 2013. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20131596568.
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Abdul-Sahib T Al-Madhhachi, Garey A Fox, Greg J Hanson, Avdhesh K Tyagi, and Rifat Bulut. "Development a Fluvial Detachment Rate Model to Predict the Erodibility of Cohesive Soils under the Influence of Seepage." In 2012 Dallas, Texas, July 29 - August 1, 2012. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.42142.
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