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Journal articles on the topic 'Detailed numerical atmospheric modeling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Fueglistaler, S., S. Buss, B. P. Luo, et al. "Detailed modeling of mountain wave PSCs." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 3, no. 3 (2003): 697–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-697-2003.

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Abstract. Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) play a key role in polar ozone depletion. In the Arctic, PSCs can occur on the mesoscale due to orographically induced gravity waves. Here we present a detailed study of a mountain wave PSC event on 25-27 January 2000 over Scandinavia. The mountain wave PSCs were intensively observed by in-situ and remote-sensing techniques during the second phase of the SOLVE/THESEO-2000 Arctic campaign. We use these excellent data of PSC observations on 3 successive days to analyze the PSCs and to perform a detailed comparison with modeled clouds. We simulated the

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2

Herbst, Konstantin, Saša Banjac, and Tom A. Nordheim. "Revisiting the cosmic-ray induced Venusian ionization with the Atmospheric Radiation Interaction Simulator (AtRIS)." Astronomy & Astrophysics 624 (April 2019): A124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935152.

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Context. Cosmic ray bombardment represents a major source of ionization in planetary atmospheres. The higher the energy of the primary cosmic ray particles, the deeper they can penetrate into the atmosphere. In addition, incident high energy cosmic ray particles induce extensive secondary particle cascades (“air showers”) that can contain up to several billion secondary particles per incoming primary particle. To quantify cosmic ray-induced effects on planetary atmospheres it is therefore important to accurately model the entire secondary particle cascade. This is particularly important in thi

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3

Yushkov, V. P., M. M. Kurbatova, M. I. Varentsov, et al. "Modeling of the heat island in the period of extreme frost in Moscow in January 2017." Известия Российской академии наук. Физика атмосферы и океана 55, no. 5 (2019): 13–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0002-351555513-31.

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Using the example of an analysis of an extreme lowering of temperature in Moscow in January 2017, the horizontal and vertical extent of the urban heat island against the background of a strong stable stratification of the atmospheric boundary layer is studied. The possibilities of measuring and monitoring the vertical structure of the atmosphere by means of ground-based remote sensing are investigated. The capabilities of the mesoscale model WRF, adapted for a detailed description of mixing processes in the atmospheric boundary layer, in reproducing the spatial dynamics of the temperature anom

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4

Gonçalves, F. L. T., W. N. Morinobu, M. F. Andrade, and A. Fornaro. "In-cloud and below-cloud scavenging analysis of sulfate in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brasil." Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia 22, no. 1 (2007): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-77862007000100010.

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The Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP) is one of the largest urban centers in the world. The significant atmospheric concentrations of ozone, inhalable particles and other pollutants in the MASP raise serious air-quality concerns. In this study, we consider gases, particulate matter (PM) and cloud processes, with a focus on sulfate chemistry. The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System mesoscale numerical model was used in conjunction with detailed scavenging models to compare varying PM mass spectra and size distributions. Field data were collected during the July 1989-May 1990 and February-O

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5

Lemarié, Florian, Guillaume Samson, Jean-Luc Redelsperger, Hervé Giordani, Théo Brivoal, and Gurvan Madec. "A simplified atmospheric boundary layer model for an improved representation of air–sea interactions in eddying oceanic models: implementation and first evaluation in NEMO (4.0)." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 1 (2021): 543–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-543-2021.

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Abstract. A simplified model of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) of intermediate complexity between a bulk parameterization and a three-dimensional atmospheric model is developed and integrated to the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) general circulation model. An objective in the derivation of such a simplified model, called ABL1d, is to reach an apt representation in ocean-only numerical simulations of some of the key processes associated with air–sea interactions at the characteristic scales of the oceanic mesoscale. In this paper we describe the formulation of the ABL1

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6

Michoud, V., R. F. Hansen, N. Locoge, P. S. Stevens, and S. Dusanter. "Detailed characterizations of the new Mines Douai comparative reactivity method instrument via laboratory experiments and modeling." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, no. 8 (2015): 3537–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-3537-2015.

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Abstract. The hydroxyl (OH) radical is an important oxidant in the troposphere, which controls the lifetime of most air quality- and climate-related trace gases. However, there are still uncertainties concerning its atmospheric budget, and integrated measurements of OH sinks have been valuable to improve this aspect. Among the analytical tools used for measuring total OH reactivity in ambient air, the comparative reactivity method (CRM) is spreading rapidly in the atmospheric community. However, measurement artifacts have been highlighted for this technique, and additional work is needed to fu

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7

Waskoenig, Jochen, Kari Niemi, Nikolas Knake, et al. "Diagnostic-based modeling on a micro-scale atmospheric-pressure plasma jet." Pure and Applied Chemistry 82, no. 6 (2010): 1209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-09-11-05.

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Diagnostic-based modeling (DBM) actively combines complementary advantages of numerical plasma simulations and relatively simple optical emission spectroscopy (OES). DBM is applied to determine spatial absolute atomic oxygen ground-state density profiles in a micro atmospheric-pressure plasma jet operated in He–O2. A 1D fluid model with semi-kinetic treatment of the electrons yields detailed information on the electron dynamics and the corresponding spatio-temporal electron energy distribution function. Benchmarking this time- and space-resolved simulation with phase-resolved OES (PROES) allow

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Majda, Andrew J. "Multiscale Models with Moisture and Systematic Strategies for Superparameterization." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 7 (2007): 2726–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3976.1.

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Abstract The accurate parameterization of moist convection presents a major challenge for the accurate prediction of weather and climate through numerical models. Superparameterization is a promising recent alternative strategy for including the effects of moist convection through explicit turbulent fluxes calculated from a cloud-resolving model. Basic scales for cloud-resolving modeling are the microscales on the order of 10 km in space on time scales on the order of 15 min, where vertical and horizontal motions are comparable and moist processes are strongly nonlinear (meso-gamma scale). In

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9

Sheridan, Peter, and Simon Vosper. "High-Resolution Simulations of Lee Waves and Downslope Winds over the Sierra Nevada during T-REX IOP 6." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 51, no. 7 (2012): 1333–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-11-0207.1.

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AbstractThe downslope windstorm during intensive observation period (IOP) 6 was the most severe that was detected during the Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX) in Owens Valley in the Sierra Nevada of California. Cross sections of vertical motion in the form of a composite constructed from aircraft data spanning the depth of the troposphere are used to link the winds experienced at the surface to the changing structure of the mountain-wave field aloft. Detailed analysis of other observations allows the role played by a passing occluded front, associated with the rapid intensification (and

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10

Talerko, M., T. Lev, V. Drozdovitch, and S. Masiuk. "RECONSTRUCTION OF THE RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION OF THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE BY IODINE-131 DURING INITIAL PERIOD OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT USING THE RESULTS FROM NUMERICAL MODEL WRF." Проблеми радіаційної медицини та радіобіології = Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology 25 (2020): 285–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33145/2304-8336-2020-25-285-299.

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Objective. To reconstruct the 131I activity concentrations in air and 131I ground deposition densities from 26 April to 7 May 1986 from the radioactivity release after the Chornobyl accident in the settlements of Ukraine using the mesoscale radionuclides atmospheric transport model LEDI and meteorological information from the numerical weather forecast model WRF and to compare the obtained results with those calculated previously as well as with available measurements of 131I activity in soil. Object of research: the near-ground layer of the atmosphere and the surface of the territory of Ukrai

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11

Houze, Robert A., Shuyi S. Chen, Wen-Chau Lee, et al. "The Hurricane Rainband and Intensity Change Experiment: Observations and Modeling of Hurricanes Katrina, Ophelia, and Rita." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 87, no. 11 (2006): 1503–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-87-11-1503.

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The Hurricane Rainband and Intensity Change Experiment (RAINEX) used three P3 aircraft aided by high-resolution numerical modeling and satellite communications to investigate the 2005 Hurricanes Katrina, Ophelia, and Rita. The aim was to increase the understanding of tropical cyclone intensity change by interactions between a tropical cyclone's inner core and rainbands. All three aircraft had dual-Doppler radars, with the Electra Doppler Radar (ELDORA) on board the Naval Research Laboratory's P3 aircraft, providing particularly detailed Doppler radar data. Numerical model forecasts helped plan

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12

Auvinen, Mikko, Leena Järvi, Antti Hellsten, Üllar Rannik, and Timo Vesala. "Numerical framework for the computation of urban flux footprints employing large-eddy simulation and Lagrangian stochastic modeling." Geoscientific Model Development 10, no. 11 (2017): 4187–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4187-2017.

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Abstract. Conventional footprint models cannot account for the heterogeneity of the urban landscape imposing a pronounced uncertainty on the spatial interpretation of eddy-covariance (EC) flux measurements in urban studies. This work introduces a computational methodology that enables the generation of detailed footprints in arbitrarily complex urban flux measurements sites. The methodology is based on conducting high-resolution large-eddy simulation (LES) and Lagrangian stochastic (LS) particle analysis on a model that features a detailed topographic description of a real urban environment. T

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13

Grubišić, Vanda, Stefano Serafin, Lukas Strauss, Samuel J. Haimov, Jeffrey R. French, and Larry D. Oolman. "Wave-Induced Boundary Layer Separation in the Lee of the Medicine Bow Mountains. Part II: Numerical Modeling." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 72, no. 12 (2015): 4865–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-14-0381.1.

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Abstract Mountain waves and rotors in the lee of the Medicine Bow Mountains in southeastern Wyoming are investigated in a two-part paper. Part I by French et al. delivers a detailed observational account of two rotor events: one displays characteristics of a hydraulic jump and the other displays characteristics of a classic lee-wave rotor. In Part II, presented here, results of high-resolution numerical simulations are conveyed and physical processes involved in the formation and dynamical evolution of these two rotor events are examined. The simulation results reveal that the origin of the ob

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14

Sapir, Nir, Nir Horvitz, Martin Wikelski, Roni Avissar, Yitzhak Mahrer, and Ran Nathan. "Migration by soaring or flapping: numerical atmospheric simulations reveal that turbulence kinetic energy dictates bee-eater flight mode." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1723 (2011): 3380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.0358.

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Aerial migrants commonly face atmospheric dynamics that may affect their movement and behaviour. Specifically, bird flight mode has been suggested to depend on convective updraught availability and tailwind assistance. However, this has not been tested thus far since both bird tracks and meteorological conditions are difficult to measure in detail throughout extended migratory flyways. Here, we applied, to our knowledge, the first comprehensive numerical atmospheric simulations by mean of the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) to study how meteorological processes affect the flight be

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15

Hanson, Jeffrey L., Barbara A. Tracy, Hendrik L. Tolman, and R. Douglas Scott. "Pacific Hindcast Performance of Three Numerical Wave Models." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 26, no. 8 (2009): 1614–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jtecho650.1.

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Abstract Although mean or integral properties of wave spectra are typically used to evaluate numerical wave model performance, one must look into the spectral details to identify sources of model deficiencies. This creates a significant problem, as basin-scale wave models can generate millions of independent spectral values. To facilitate selection of a wave modeling technology for producing a multidecade Pacific hindcast, a new approach was developed to reduce the spectral content contained in detailed wave hindcasts to a convenient set of performance indicators. The method employs efficient

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16

Lea, J. M., D. W. F. Mair, F. M. Nick, et al. "Fluctuations of a Greenlandic tidewater glacier driven by changes in atmospheric forcing: observations and modelling of Kangiata Nunaata Sermia, 1859–present." Cryosphere Discussions 8, no. 2 (2014): 2005–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-8-2005-2014.

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Abstract. Many tidewater glaciers in Greenland are known to have undergone significant retreat during the last century following their Little Ice Age maxima. Where it is possible to reconstruct glacier change over this period, they provide excellent records for comparison to climate records, and calibration/validation for numerical models. These records therefore allow tests of numerical models that seek to simulate tidewater glacier behaviour over multi-decadal to centennial timescales. Here we present a detailed record of behaviour from Kangiata Nunaata Sermia (KNS), SW Greenland, between 18

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17

Dukowicz, John K. "Evaluation of Various Approximations in Atmosphere and Ocean Modeling Based on an Exact Treatment of Gravity Wave Dispersion." Monthly Weather Review 141, no. 12 (2013): 4487–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-13-00148.1.

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Abstract Various approximations of the governing equations of compressible fluid dynamics are commonly used in both atmospheric and ocean modeling. Their main purpose is to eliminate the acoustic waves that are potentially responsible for inefficiency in the numerical solution, leaving behind gravity waves. The author carries out a detailed study of gravity wave dispersion for seven such approximations, individually and in combination, to exactly evaluate some of the often subtle errors. The atmospheric and oceanic cases are qualitatively and quantitatively different because, although they sol

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18

Shaw, William J., Larry K. Berg, Joel Cline, et al. "The Second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2): General Overview." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 100, no. 9 (2019): 1687–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-18-0036.1.

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AbstractIn 2015 the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) initiated a 4-yr study, the Second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2), to improve the representation of boundary layer physics and related processes in mesoscale models for better treatment of scales applicable to wind and wind power forecasts. This goal challenges numerical weather prediction (NWP) models in complex terrain in large part because of inherent assumptions underlying their boundary layer parameterizations. The WFIP2 effort involved the wind industry, universities, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration

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19

Fujisaki-Manome, Ayumi, Lindsay E. Fitzpatrick, Andrew D. Gronewold, et al. "Turbulent Heat Fluxes during an Extreme Lake-Effect Snow Event." Journal of Hydrometeorology 18, no. 12 (2017): 3145–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-17-0062.1.

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Abstract Proper modeling of the turbulent heat fluxes over lakes is critical for accurate predictions of lake-effect snowfall (LES). However, model evaluation of such a process has not been possible because of the lack of direct flux measurements over lakes. The authors conducted the first-ever comparison of the turbulent latent and sensible heat fluxes between state-of-the-art numerical models and direct flux measurements over Lake Erie, focusing on a record LES event in southwest New York in November 2014. The model suite consisted of numerical models that were operationally and experimental

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20

Budd, W. F., Xingren Wu, and P. A. Reid. "Physical characteristics of the Antarctic sea-ice zone derived from modelling and observations." Annals of Glaciology 25 (1997): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500013707.

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Antarctic sea ice plays a key role in the present climate system, providing a regulating balance between the atmosphere and ocean heat fluxes, as well as influencing the salt fluxes and deep water formation over the continental shelves. The severe winter environmental conditions of the Antarctic sea-ice zone make it difficult to observe many of the physical characteristics in a comprehensive way. The inter-relations between the variables mean that much can be learnt from the observations of some features along with detailed numerical modelling of the whole system and the interactions between t

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Budd, W. F., Xingren Wu, and P. A. Reid. "Physical characteristics of the Antarctic sea-ice zone derived from modelling and observations." Annals of Glaciology 25 (1997): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500013707.

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Antarctic sea ice plays a key role in the present climate system, providing a regulating balance between the atmosphere and ocean heat fluxes, as well as influencing the salt fluxes and deep water formation over the continental shelves. The severe winter environmental conditions of the Antarctic sea-ice zone make it difficult to observe many of the physical characteristics in a comprehensive way. The inter-relations between the variables mean that much can be learnt from the observations of some features along with detailed numerical modelling of the whole system and the interactions between t

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22

Gadzhev, Georgi, Ivelina Georgieva, Kostadin Ganev, et al. "Climate Applications in a Virtual Research Environment Platform." Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience 19, no. 2 (2018): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12694/scpe.v19i2.1347.

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Previous atmospheric composition studies were based on extensive computer simulations carried out with good resolution using up-to-date modelling tools and detailed and reliable input data. The oncoming climate changes will exert influence on the ecosystems, on the all branches of the international economy, and on the quality of life. Regional climate models (RCMs) are important instruments used for downscaling climate simulations from Global circulation models (GCMs). The air quality (AQ) impact on human health and quality of life is an issue of great social significance. Evaluati

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23

Leroyer, Sylvie, Stéphane Bélair, Syed Z. Husain, and Jocelyn Mailhot. "Subkilometer Numerical Weather Prediction in an Urban Coastal Area: A Case Study over the Vancouver Metropolitan Area." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 53, no. 6 (2014): 1433–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-13-0202.1.

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AbstractNumerical weather prediction is moving toward the representation of finescale processes such as the interactions between the sea-breeze flow and urban processes. This study investigates the ability and necessity of using kilometer- to subkilometer-scale numerical simulations with the Canadian urban modeling system over the complex urban coastal area of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, during a sea-breeze event. Observations over the densely urbanized areas, collected from the Environmental Prediction in Canadian Cities (EPiCC) network and from satellite imagery, are used to evaluat

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24

van der Velde, I. R., G. J. Steeneveld, B. G. J. Wichers Schreur, and A. A. M. Holtslag. "Modeling and Forecasting the Onset and Duration of Severe Radiation Fog under Frost Conditions." Monthly Weather Review 138, no. 11 (2010): 4237–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010mwr3427.1.

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Abstract A case of a severe radiation fog during frost conditions is analyzed as a benchmark for the development of a very high-resolution NWP model. Results by the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) and the High-Resolution Limited-Area Model (HIRLAM) are evaluated against detailed observations to determine the state-of-the-art in fog forecasting and to derive requirements for further research and development. For this particular difficult case, WRF is unable to correctly simulate the fog for any of the parameterizations and model configurations utilized. Contrary, HIRLAM does model

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25

Ivanova, E. V. "Mesoscale numerical modeling of the boundary atmospheric layer adapted to the north-western Black Sea region. Part 1. Mathematical problem formulation." Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, no. 24 (December 9, 2019): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.24.2019.01.

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The article presents a complete mathematical formulation of the problem of the boundary layer of the atmosphere and the interacting surface layers of the soil with the active layer of the sea adapted to the North-Western Black Sea Region through the inclusion of the coastline shape, relief elevation angles and climatic characteristics of soil moisture. The numerical model is a three-dimensional, unsteady, hydrostatic model with one- or two-parameter closure. The paper presents a detailed description of the applied sub-grid processes parameterizations such as cloudiness in the lower tier, flows

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Strasser, Ulrich, Michael Warscher, and Glen E. Liston. "Modeling Snow–Canopy Processes on an Idealized Mountain." Journal of Hydrometeorology 12, no. 4 (2011): 663–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jhm1344.1.

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Abstract Snow interception in a coniferous forest canopy is an important hydrological feature, producing complex mass and energy exchanges with the surrounding atmosphere and the snowpack below. Subcanopy snowpack accumulation and ablation depends on the effects of canopy architecture on meteorological conditions and on interception storage by stems, branches, and needles. Mountain forests are primarily composed of evergreen conifer species that retain their needles throughout the year and hence intercept snow efficiently during winter. Canopy-intercepted snow can melt, fall to the ground, and

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27

Lin, X., and Y. Tao. "A numerical modelling study on regional mercury budget for eastern North America." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 3, no. 3 (2003): 535–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-535-2003.

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Abstract. In this study, we have integrated an up-to-date physio-chemical transformation mechanism of Hg into the framework of US EPA's CMAQ model system. In addition, the model adapted detailed calculations of the air-surface exchange for Hg to properly describe Hg re-emissions and dry deposition from and to natural surfaces. The mechanism covers Hg in three categories, elemental Hg (Hg0), reactive gaseous Hg (RGM) and particulate Hg (HgP). With interfacing to MM5 (meteorology processor) and SMOKE (emission processor), we applied the model to a 4-week period in June/July 1995 on a domain cove

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Alvanos, Michail, and Theodoros Christoudias. "GPU-accelerated atmospheric chemical kinetics in the ECHAM/MESSy (EMAC) Earth system model (version 2.52)." Geoscientific Model Development 10, no. 10 (2017): 3679–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3679-2017.

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Abstract. This paper presents an application of GPU accelerators in Earth system modeling. We focus on atmospheric chemical kinetics, one of the most computationally intensive tasks in climate–chemistry model simulations. We developed a software package that automatically generates CUDA kernels to numerically integrate atmospheric chemical kinetics in the global climate model ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC), used to study climate change and air quality scenarios. A source-to-source compiler outputs a CUDA-compatible kernel by parsing the FORTRAN code generated by the Kinetic PreProces

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29

Grinderslev, Christian, Niels Nørmark Sørensen, Sergio González Horcas, Niels Troldborg, and Frederik Zahle. "Wind turbines in atmospheric flow: fluid–structure interaction simulations with hybrid turbulence modeling." Wind Energy Science 6, no. 3 (2021): 627–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-627-2021.

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Abstract. In order to design future large wind turbines, knowledge is needed about the impact of aero-elasticity on the rotor loads and performance and about the physics of the atmospheric flow surrounding the turbines. The objective of the present work is to study both effects by means of high-fidelity rotor-resolved numerical simulations. In particular, unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of a 2.3 MW wind turbine are conducted, this rotor being the largest design with relevant experimental data available to the authors. Turbulence is modeled with two different approaches.

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30

Lea, J. M., D. W. F. Mair, F. M. Nick, et al. "Fluctuations of a Greenlandic tidewater glacier driven by changes in atmospheric forcing: observations and modelling of Kangiata Nunaata Sermia, 1859–present." Cryosphere 8, no. 6 (2014): 2031–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-2031-2014.

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Abstract. Many tidewater glaciers in Greenland are known to have undergone significant retreat during the last century following their Little Ice Age maxima. Where it is possible to reconstruct glacier change over this period, they provide excellent records for comparison to climate records, as well as calibration/validation for numerical models. These glacier change records therefore allow for tests of numerical models that seek to simulate tidewater glacier behaviour over multi-decadal to centennial timescales. Here we present a detailed record of behaviour from Kangiata Nunaata Sermia (KNS)

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31

Farfán, Luis M., and Miguel Cortez. "An Observational and Modeling Analysis of the Landfall of Hurricane Marty (2003) in Baja California, Mexico." Monthly Weather Review 133, no. 7 (2005): 2069–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr2966.1.

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Abstract This paper documents the life cycle of Tropical Cyclone Marty, which developed in late September 2003 over the eastern Pacific Ocean and made landfall on the Baja California peninsula. Observations and best-track data indicate that the center of circulation moved across the southern peninsula and proceeded northward in the Gulf of California. A network of surface meteorological stations in the vicinity of the storm track detected strong winds. Satellite and radar imagery are used to analyze the structure of convective patterns, and rain gauges recorded total precipitation. A compariso

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Darby, Lisa S., and Gregory S. Poulos. "The Evolution of Lee-Wave–Rotor Activity in the Lee of Pike’s Peak under the Influence of a Cold Frontal Passage: Implications for Aircraft Safety." Monthly Weather Review 134, no. 10 (2006): 2857–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr3208.1.

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Abstract A lee-wave–rotor system interacting with an approaching cold front in the lee of Pike’s Peak near Colorado Springs, Colorado, on 1 April 1997 is studied observationally and numerically. Dynamical effects associated with the approaching cold front caused the amplification of the evolving lee wave and rotor, creating increasingly more hazardous flight conditions for nearby airports. The rapidly evolving winds measured by a Doppler lidar and 915-MHz wind profilers, and simulated by the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS), produced light-to-moderate turbulence for a research aircr

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Meister, Michael, and Wolfgang Rauch. "Modelling aerated flows with smoothed particle hydrodynamics." Journal of Hydroinformatics 17, no. 4 (2015): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2015.132.

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Modelling aerated flows is a complex application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) since the interfaces between air and water change rapidly. In this work, the simulation of aerated flows with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is investigated with a focus towards the application in engineering practice. To prove the accuracy of the method, the processes of air entrainment and rising air bubbles are studied. Through monitoring the evolution of the bubble contours it is shown that the novel approach of adding artificial repulsion forces at the interface does not alter the dyna

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Xie, Hong-Yu, Xiao-Wei Jiang, Shu-Cong Tan, et al. "Interaction of soil water and groundwater during the freezing–thawing cycle: field observations and numerical modeling." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 8 (2021): 4243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4243-2021.

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Abstract. Freezing-induced groundwater-level decline is widely observed in regions with a shallow water table, but many existing studies on freezing-induced groundwater migration do not account for freezing-induced water-level fluctuations. Here, by combining detailed field observations of liquid soil water content and groundwater-level fluctuations at a site in the Ordos Plateau, China, and numerical modeling, we showed that the interaction of soil water and groundwater dynamics was controlled by wintertime atmospheric conditions and topographically driven lateral groundwater inflow. With an

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Sirigu, Antonello Sergej, Federico Gallizio, Giuseppe Giorgi, Mauro Bonfanti, Giovanni Bracco, and Giuliana Mattiazzo. "Numerical and Experimental Identification of the Aerodynamic Power Losses of the ISWEC." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 1 (2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8010049.

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The wave energy sector is experiencing lively years of conceptual innovation and technological advances. Among the great variety of candidates, only a few are going to be able to reach maturity and, eventually, industrial feasibility and competitiveness. The essential requisite for success is the continuous innovation in response to the incremental experience gained during the design and prototyping stages. In particular, the ability to generate detailed mathematical models, representative of every phenomenon involved in the system, is crucial for informing the design and control stages, allow

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Mihailovic, D. T., K. Alapaty, B. Lalic, I. Arsenic, B. Rajkovic, and S. Malinovic. "Turbulent Transfer Coefficients and Calculation of Air Temperature inside Tall Grass Canopies in Land–Atmosphere Schemes for Environmental Modeling." Journal of Applied Meteorology 43, no. 10 (2004): 1498–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2139.1.

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Abstract A method for estimating profiles of turbulent transfer coefficients inside a vegetation canopy and their use in calculating the air temperature inside tall grass canopies in land surface schemes for environmental modeling is presented. The proposed method, based on K theory, is assessed using data measured in a maize canopy. The air temperature inside the canopy is determined diagnostically by a method based on detailed consideration of 1) calculations of turbulent fluxes, 2) the shape of the wind and turbulent transfer coefficient profiles, and 3) calculation of the aerodynamic resis

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ReVelle, Douglas O., and E. Douglas Nilsson. "Summertime Low-Level Jets over the High-Latitude Arctic Ocean." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 47, no. 6 (2008): 1770–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jamc1637.1.

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Abstract The application of a simple analytic boundary layer model developed by Thorpe and Guymer did not produce good agreement with observational data for oceanic low-level jet observations even though this model has worked well for the predictions of low-level jets over continental surfaces. This failure to properly predict the boundary layer wind maxima was very puzzling because more detailed numerical boundary layer models have properly predicted these low-level oceanic wind maxima. To understand the reasons for its failure to explain the ocean observations, the authors modified the frict

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van den Heever, Susan C., Leah D. Grant, Sean W. Freeman, et al. "The Colorado State University Convective CLoud Outflows and UpDrafts Experiment (C3LOUD-Ex)." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 102, no. 7 (2021): E1283—E1305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-19-0013.1.

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AbstractThe intensity of deep convective storms is driven in part by the strength of their updrafts and cold pools. In spite of the importance of these storm features, they can be poorly represented within numerical models. This has been attributed to model parameterizations, grid resolution, and the lack of appropriate observations with which to evaluate such simulations. The overarching goal of the Colorado State University Convective CLoud Outflows and UpDrafts Experiment (C3LOUD-Ex) was to enhance our understanding of deep convective storm processes and their representation within numerica

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Garreaud, RenéD, and Humberto A. Fuenzalida. "The Influence of the Andes on Cutoff Lows: A Modeling Study*." Monthly Weather Review 135, no. 4 (2007): 1596–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr3350.1.

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Abstract A cutoff low (COL) pressure system that occurred in March 2005 (late austral summer) over the subtropical southeast Pacific is examined by means of numerical simulations using the Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) model. The episode exhibited typical features of COLs in this region, including its formation from an elongated northwest–southeast extratropical trough and subsequent intensification off the west coast of South America. During the developing stage, the cyclonic circulation did not extend into the lower troposphere and only upper-level, nonprecipitating clouds were obse

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Vaughan, G., J. Methven, D. Anderson, et al. "Cloud Banding and Winds in Intense European Cyclones: Results from the DIAMET Project." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96, no. 2 (2015): 249–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-13-00238.1.

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Abstract The Diabatic Influences on Mesoscale Structures in Extratropical Storms (DIAMET) project aims to improve forecasts of high-impact weather in extratropical cyclones through field measurements, high-resolution numerical modeling, and improved design of ensemble forecasting and data assimilation systems. This article introduces DIAMET and presents some of the first results. Four field campaigns were conducted by the project, one of which, in late 2011, coincided with an exceptionally stormy period marked by an unusually strong, zonal North Atlantic jet stream and a succession of severe w

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Anttila, T., V. M. Kerminen, M. Kulmala, A. Laaksonen, and C. D. O'Dowd. "Modelling the formation of organic particles in the atmosphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 4, no. 4 (2004): 1071–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-1071-2004.

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Abstract. Particle formation resulting from activation of inorganic stable clusters by a supersaturated organic vapour was investigated using a numerical model. The applied aerosol dynamic model included a detailed description of the activation process along with a treatment of the appropriate aerosol and gas-phase processes. The obtained results suggest that both gaseous sulphuric acid and organic vapours contribute to organic particle formation in continental background areas. The initial growth of freshly-nucleated clusters is driven mainly by condensation of gaseous sulphuric acid and by a

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Bouris, Demetri, Athanasios G. Triantafyllou, Athina Krestou, et al. "Urban-Scale Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations with Boundary Conditions from Similarity Theory and a Mesoscale Model." Energies 14, no. 18 (2021): 5624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185624.

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Mesoscale numerical weather prediction models usually provide information regarding environmental parameters near urban areas at a spatial resolution of the order of thousands or hundreds of meters, at best. If detailed information is required at the building scale, an urban-scale model is necessary. Proper definition of the boundary conditions for the urban-scale simulation is very demanding in terms of its compatibility with environmental conditions and numerical modeling. Here, steady-state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) microscale simulations of the wind and thermal environment are per

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Han, Jiangbo, Jin Lin, and Yunfeng Dai. "Numerical Modeling of Soil Evaporation Process and Its Stages Dividing during a Drying Cycle." Geofluids 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5892867.

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The soil water evaporation is a critical component of both the surface energy balance and water balance, affecting the mass and energy exchange between the land and the atmosphere. Evaporation process is involved in the highly complex interactions between media properties, transport processes, and boundary conditions. So, it is difficult to accurately determine these near-surface highly dynamic processes based only on the sparse field data and on the measurement-based methods. The objective of this paper was to obtain a detailed description of the soil water evaporation process and to better u

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Pospisil, Jiri, Jiri Huzlik, Roman Licbinsky, and Michal Spilacek. "Dispersion Characteristics of PM10 Particles Identified by Numerical Simulation in the Vicinity of Roads Passing through Various Types of Urban Areas." Atmosphere 11, no. 5 (2020): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11050454.

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The dispersion of particulate matter emitted by road transport to the vicinity of roads is predominantly influenced by the character of the air velocity field. The air flow depends on factors such as the speed and direction of the blowing wind, the movement of cars, and the geometries of the buildings around a road. Numerical modeling based on the control volume method was used in this study to describe the relevant processes closely. Detailed air velocity fields were identified in the vicinity of a straight road surrounded by various patterns of built-up urban land. The evaluation of the resu

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Milbrandt, J. A., A. Glazer, and D. Jacob. "Predicting the Snow-to-Liquid Ratio of Surface Precipitation Using a Bulk Microphysics Scheme." Monthly Weather Review 140, no. 8 (2012): 2461–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-11-00286.1.

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Abstract Bulk microphysics parameterizations play an increasingly important role for quantitative precipitation forecasting (QPF) in operational numerical weather prediction (NWP). For wintertime, numerical prediction of snowfall amounts is done by applying an estimated snow-to-liquid ratio to the liquid-equivalent QPF from the NWP model. A method has been developed to use prognostic fields from a detailed bulk scheme to predict the instantaneous snow-to-liquid ratio of precipitating snow. By exploiting aspects of the parameterization of the large crystal/aggregate (snow) category, which allow

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Eberhart, M., S. Löhle, A. Steinbeck, T. Binder, and S. Fasoulas. "Measurement of atomic oxygen in the middle atmosphere using solid electrolyte sensors and catalytic probes." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, no. 9 (2015): 3701–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-3701-2015.

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Abstract. The middle- and upper-atmospheric energy budget is largely dominated by reactions involving atomic oxygen (O). Modeling of these processes requires detailed knowledge about the distribution of this oxygen species. Understanding the mutual contributions of atomic oxygen and wave motions to the atmospheric heating is the main goal of the rocket project WADIS (WAve propagation and DISsipation in the middle atmosphere). It includes, amongst others, our instruments for the measurement of atomic oxygen that have both been developed with the aim of resolving density variations on small vert

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Rap, Alexandru, Satyajit Ghosh, and Michael H. Smith. "Shepard and Hardy Multiquadric Interpolation Methods for Multicomponent Aerosol–Cloud Parameterization." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 66, no. 1 (2009): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jas2626.1.

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Abstract This paper presents a novel method based on the application of interpolation techniques to the multicomponent aerosol–cloud parameterization for global climate modeling. Quantifying the aerosol indirect effect still remains a difficult task, and thus developing parameterizations for general circulation models (GCMs) of the microphysics of clouds and their interactions with aerosols is a major challenge for climate modelers. Three aerosol species are considered in this paper—namely sulfate, sea salt, and biomass smoke—and a detailed microphysical chemical parcel model is used to obtain

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Cvetinovic, Dejan, Predrag Stefanovic, Vukman Bakic, and Simeon Oka. "Review of the research on the turbulence in the laboratory for thermal engineering and energy." Thermal Science 21, suppl. 3 (2017): 875–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci160221330c.

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Paper gives a review of the most important results of turbulence research achieved by the Laboratory for Thermal Engineering and Energy. Paper presents detailed overview of the history of the scientific research provided in the laboratory, from the beginning in the mid-60s to today, pointing out the main reasons initiating the investigations in this field. After the first period, which was mainly devoted to the research of the structure of the turbulence, since the beginning of the 80s, research is mainly oriented to the flows at high temperatures including chemical reactions and to the develo

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Novkovic, Djordje, Jela Burazer, and Aleksandar Cocic. "Comparison of different CFD software performances in the case of an incompressible air flow through a straight conical diffuser." Thermal Science 21, suppl. 3 (2017): 863–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci161020329n.

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Paper gives a review of the most important results of turbulence research achieved by the Laboratory for Thermal Engineering and Energy at the Vinca Insitute of Nuclear Sciences. Paper presents detailed overview of the history of the scientific research provided in the laboratory, from the beginning in the mid-60s to today, pointing out the main reasons initiating the investigations in this field. After the first period, which was mainly devoted to the research of the structure of the turbulence, since the beginning of the 80s, research is mainly oriented to the flows at high temperatures incl

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Balsley, Ben B., Dale A. Lawrence, David C. Fritts, Ling Wang, Kam Wan, and Joe Werne. "Fine Structure, Instabilities, and Turbulence in the Lower Atmosphere: High-Resolution In Situ Slant-Path Measurements with the DataHawk UAV and Comparisons with Numerical Modeling." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 35, no. 3 (2018): 619–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-16-0037.1.

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AbstractA new platform for high-resolution in situ measurements in the lower troposphere is described and its capabilities are demonstrated. The platform is the small GPS-controlled DataHawk unmanned aerial system (UAS), and measurements were performed under stratified atmospheric conditions at Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, on 11 October 2012. The measurements included spiraling vertical profiles of temperature and horizontal wind vectors, from which the potential temperature θ, mechanical energy dissipation rate ε, Brunt–Väsälä frequency N, temperature structure parameter CT2, Thorpe and Ozmid

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