Dissertations / Theses: 'Detect the Difference'

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Morin, Geneviève. "Metabolite fingerprinting tools to detect differences between transgenic and conventional crops." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101629.

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A concern in transgenic crops is the potential risk posed by unintended effects which could result from genetic transformation. The objective of this work was to develop an untargeted approach that could characterize transgenic crops, as well as conventional crops, at the molecular level. An experimental approach was designed and used to compare conventional and transgenic soybean varieties. Varieties were compared using their metabolite fingerprints obtained by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and both the analytical and biological variability were assessed. Multivariate and univariate statistical analyses were applied to the data to detect significant differences between the varieties. It was found that transgenic variety PS 46 RR was the most different variety analyzed and that it differed most from Mandarin (Ottawa) and AC Dundas. The statistical analyses also determined that PS 46 RR differed more from the conventional varieties tested than 2601R did.

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Kurki, Saara. "How to let go : Different ways to detect and release tensions." Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för klassisk musik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-4186.

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The aim of my project was to find different ways to make playing easier and freer. What does it actually mean to let go and what could help to achieve more secure and relaxed feeling in your body when playing your instrument? I collected and experimented with exercises from a book The Inner Game of Music and Alexander Technique. I found out that knowing more precisely what to focus on and being more aware of the body can have a great effect. I discovered more gentle ways to teach myself and learned about the importance of how we are treating and using our bodies during practicing and in everyday situations.

The sounding part consists of the following recording; Esa-Pekka Salonen: Pentatonic Étude.

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Pugh, Melissa Anna Maria. "A Bayesian approach to detect time-specific group differences between nonlinear temporal curves." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5606.

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The visual world paradigm is a tool that is widely used in the field of psycholinguistics to help investigate how people listen and understand words and sentences. Proportions of fixations to several different objects are recorded for a number of subjects, over a specific time period. Researchers have found it difficult to find models that can incorporate multiple random effects, account for the correlated nature of the data, and simultaneously fit multiple fixation curves/groups. We have taken a Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach for this multivariate non-linear longitudinal data. Within in this framework, we look at both parametric and nonparametric approaches in simultaneously modeling multiple curves. Finally, we will look at different comparison techniques to compare these curves under a Bayesian framework.

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Stephens-Bonty, Torie Amelia. "Using Three Different Categorical Data Analysis Techniques to Detect Differential Item Functioning." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/eps_diss/24.

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Diversity in the population along with the diversity of testing usage has resulted in smaller identified groups of test takers. In addition, computer adaptive testing sometimes results in a relatively small number of items being used for a particular assessment. The need and use for statistical techniques that are able to effectively detect differential item functioning (DIF) when the population is small and or the assessment is short is necessary. Identification of empirically biased items is a crucial step in creating equitable and construct-valid assessments. Parshall and Miller (1995) compared the conventional asymptotic Mantel-Haenszel (MH) with the exact test (ET) for the detection of DIF with small sample sizes. Several studies have since compared the performance of MH to logistic regression (LR) under a variety of conditions. Both Swaminathan and Rogers (1990), and Hildalgo and López-Pina (2004) demonstrated that MH and LR were comparable in their detection of items with DIF. This study followed by comparing the performance of the MH, the ET, and LR performance when both the sample size is small and test length is short. The purpose of this Monte Carlo simulation study was to expand on the research done by Parshall and Miller (1995) by examining power and power with effect size measures for each of the three DIF detection procedures. The following variables were manipulated in this study: focal group sample size, percent of items with DIF, and magnitude of DIF. For each condition, a small reference group size of 200 was utilized as well as a short, 10-item test. The results demonstrated that in general, LR was slightly more powerful in detecting items with DIF. In most conditions, however, power was well below the acceptable rate of 80%. As the size of the focal group and the magnitude of DIF increased, the three procedures were more likely to reach acceptable power. Also, all three procedures demonstrated the highest power for the most discriminating item. Collectively, the results from this research provide information in the area of small sample size and DIF detection.

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Figueira, Cláudia Alexandra Rodrigues Marques. "Comparison of different methods to detect genetic barriers in a small mammal population." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15871.

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Mestrado em Ecologia Aplicada
Habitat fragmentation and the consequently the loss of connectivity between populations can reduce the individuals interchange and gene flow, increasing the chances of inbreeding, and the increase the risk of local extinction. Landscape genetics is providing more and better tools to identify genetic barriers.. To our knowledge, no comparison of methods in terms of consistency has been made with observed data and species with low dispersal ability. The aim of this study is to examine the consistency of the results of five methods to detect barriers to gene flow in a Mediterranean pine vole population Microtus duodecimcostatus: F-statistics estimations, Non-Bayesian clustering, Bayesian clustering, Boundary detection and Simple/Partial Mantel tests. All methods were consistent in detecting the stream as a non-genetic barrier. However, no consistency in results among the methods were found regarding the role of the highway as a genetic barrier. Fst, Bayesian clustering assignment test and Partial Mantel test identifyed the highway as a filter to individual interchange. The Mantel tests were the most sensitive method. Boundary detection method (Monmonier’s Algorithm) and Non-Bayesian approaches did not detect any genetic differentiation of the pine vole due to the highway. Based on our findings we recommend that the genetic barrier detection in low dispersal ability populations should be analyzed with multiple methods such as Mantel tests, Bayesian clustering approaches because they show more sensibility in those scenarios and with boundary detection methods by having the aim of detect drastic changes in a variable of interest between the closest individuals. Although simulation studies highlight the weaknesses and the strengths of each method and the factors that promote some results, tests with real data are needed to increase the effectiveness of genetic barrier detection.
A fragmentação do habitat e a consequente perda da conectividade entre populações pode reduzir o intercâmbio de indivíduos e consequentemente o fluxo genético, aumentando as hipóteses de ocorrer consanguinidade e consequentemente aumentar o risco de extinção local. A disciplina da genética da paisagem fornece cada vez mais e melhores ferramentas para detectar barreiras genéticas. No entanto, não se conhecem até à data, comparações de métodos em termos de consistência de resultados com dados observados e espécies com reduzida capacidade de dispersão. O objectivo deste estudo é avaliar a consistência dos resultados de cinco métodos de análise do papel da auto-estrada e de um rio como barreira ao fluxo genético numa população de rato-cego-mediterrânico Microtus duodecimcostatus: estimativas do Festatistico, método de aglomeração não-Bayesianos, métodos de aglomeração Bayesianos, método de detecção de fronteiras (algoritmo Monmonier) e o teste Mantel simples e parcial. Todos os métodos testados foram consistentes em considerar o rio como uma não barreira genética ao rato-cego-mediterrânico. No entanto, não houve consistência nos resultados quanto ao papel da autoestrada como barreira genética. As estimativas do F-estatistico, os métodos de aglomeração Bayesianos e o teste de Mantel parcial que mostram que a autoestrada pode estar a funcionar como um filtro ao movimento dos indivíduos entre os dois lados da estrutura. Os métodos de deteção de fronteiras (algoritmo Monmonier) e de aglomeração não-Bayesiano não detectaram diferenciação genética nas populações de rato-cego-mediterrâneo devido à estrada. Com base nos nossos resultados nós recomendamos a aplicação dos testes de Mantel, os métodos de aglomeração Bayesianos e dos métodos de detecção de fronteiras para esclarecer o papel dos atributos da paisagem como barreiras genéticas uma vez que, todos foram capazes de detectar barreiras mas não obtiveram resultados similares. Apesar dos estudos com base em simulações apontarem as vantagens e desvantagens de cada método e os fatores que associados aos resultados, é necessário que se façam testes com base em dados reais para que sejam mais eficazes na detecção de barreiras genéticas.

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Renaud, Sarah-Jane. "Children's ability to detect deception: examining age differences and other factors related to children's detection accuracy." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32353.

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Children's ability to detect deception in their peers was examined. Preschool age children (4- to 6-years), elementary school age children (7- to 9-years), and young adults (17- 25 years) viewed video clips of children who lied or told the truth about committing a transgression (Experiment 1). Only elementary school age children performed significantly better than chance and could discriminate between truth tellers and lie tellers. When child detectors (4- to 9-years) viewed children promise to tell the truth prior to being interviewed about their behaviour, detection accuracy improved (Experiment 2). In addition, children's ability (4- to 12-years) to detect prosocial and antisocial lies was examined in relation to their ability to identify the emotions of their peers through facial expression and voice (Experiment 3). Children's ability to accurately identify the emotions in the voices of other children was positively correlated to their prosocial detection accuracy.
La capacité de déduire la déception chez les enfants par leurs pairs a été examinée. Projet 1 consiste de sujets de maternelle (4 à 6 ans), du primaire (7 à 9 ans) et de jeunes adultes (17 à 25 ans) qui ont regardé des clips d'enfants qui disaient soit un mensonge ou la vérité. Que les enfants du primaire ont pu déduire correctement, à un niveau significativement plus haut que la chance, entre un mensonge et la vérité. Dans le Projet 2, une scène où l'enfant promet de dire la vérité est inclus. Le nombre de bonne conclusion a augmenté chez les sujets de 4 à 9 ans avec l'ajout de cette scène. Finalement, Projet 3 examine la capacité des sujets de 4 à 12 ans de déduire la déception des mensonges antisociaux et prosociaux en relation à leur habilité d'identifier visuellement et oralement les émotions émisent par les enfants des clips. L'habileté des sujets d'identifier oralement les émotions des enfants est associée à la détection des mensonges prososiaux.

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Haws, Benjamin B. "Ability of ADV Measurements to Detect Turbulence Differences Between Angular and Rounded Gravel Beds of Intermediate - Roughness Scale." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2558.pdf.

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Ponnuswamy, Thomas Anand. "Hydrogen terminated silicon surfaces: Development of sensors to detect metallic contaminants and stability studies under different environments." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3222/.

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Hydrogen terminated silicon surfaces have been utilized to develop sensors for semiconductor and environmental applications. The interaction of these surfaces with different environments has also been studied in detail. The sensor assembly relevant to the semiconductor industry utilizes a silicon-based sensor to detect trace levels of metallic contaminants in hydrofluoric acid. The sensor performance with respect to two non-contaminating reference electrode systems was evaluated. In the first case, conductive diamond was used as a reference electrode. In the second case, a dual silicon electrode system was used with one of the silicon-based electrodes protected with an anion permeable membrane behaving as the quasi reference electrode. Though both systems could function well as a suitable reference system, the dual silicon electrode design showed greater compatibility for the on-line detection of metallic impurities in HF etching baths. The silicon-based sensor assembly was able to detect parts- per-trillion to parts-per-billion levels of metal ion impurities in HF. The sensor assembly developed for the environmental application makes use of a novel method for the detection of Ni2+using attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique. The nickel infrared sensor was prepared on a silicon ATR crystal uniformly coated by a 1.5 micron Nafion film embedded with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) probe molecules. The detection of Ni2+ was based on the appearance of a unique infrared absorption peak at 1572 cm-1 that corresponds to the C=N stretching mode in the nickel dimethylglyoximate, Ni(DMG)2, complex. The suitable operational pH range for the nickel infrared sensor is between 6-8. The detection limit of the nickel infrared sensor is 1 ppm in the sample solution of pH=8. ATR - FTIR spectroscopy was used to study the changes that the hydride mode underwent when subjected to different environments. The presence of trace amounts of Cu2+ in HF solutions was found to roughen the silicon surface as observed ATR-IR spectroscopy. The initial stages of oxidation in UPW and Cu2+ / UPW was studied. Trace amounts of Cu2+ were found to drastically increase the rate of oxidation, while the rate of oxidation was found to be retarded on removing dissolved oxygen that was present in UPW.

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Poonkham, Jittipat. "A genealogy of Thai détente : discourses, differences and decline of Thailand's triangular diplomacy (1968-1980)." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/13c358cb-ec83-4afc-8dca-7b1ea5a5acc8.

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This thesis is a genealogy of the Thai conception of détente in the long 1970s (1968-1980), largely based on newly declassified documents in Thailand. It argues that Thai détente marked a history of rupture in Thai foreign policy narrative that was fundamentally different from the hegemonic discourse of anticommunism. By the late 1960s, the latter had become seriously challenged by the deteriorating situation in the Vietnam War and exacerbated by the concomitant prospect of American retrenchment. This sequence of events resulted in discursive anxiety in Thailand and the idea of 'flexible diplomacy' was initiated by Foreign Minister Thanat Khoman to cope with the changed environment. Since then, détente emerged as a new diplomatic discourse to normalize relations with the Communist powers in general, and specifically, the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China (PRC). The thesis closely examines three episodes of Thai détente, including that of Thanat Khoman (1968-1971), M.R. Kukrit Pramoj and Chatichai Choonhavan (1975-1976), and General Kriangsak Chomanan (1977-1980). It argues that each episode, epitomized by varying concepts of 'flexible diplomacy' and 'equidistance', developed out of discursive struggles between détente proponents and Cold Warriors. These struggles precipitated attempts to sustain the anticommunist discursive hegemony, which culminated in the military coups in November 1971 and October 1976. The thesis demonstrates how these coups can be interpreted as events born out of foreign policy, and specifically to deter, or at least temper, the course of détente. The thesis also asserts that, throughout the long 1970s, détente in general transformed Thai foreign relations with the Soviet Union and the PRC from the discourses of 'enemy' towards 'friend'. This diplomatic transformation was represented in numerous diplomatic practices, such as ping-pong or sports diplomacy, petro-diplomacy, trade, cultural diplomacy, the establishment of diplomatic relations, and normal state visits. Despite its decline in the early 1980s, the détente discourse remained intact and determined Thai diplomacy toward the Communist powers. Finally, the thesis interrogates the so-called bamboo or bending-with-the-wind diplomacy, which is often treated as an ahistorical 'tradition' of Thai diplomacy, and argues that bamboo diplomacy emerged as a new narrative or knowledge only in the early 1970s. It aimed at not only legitimizing Thailand's changing diplomatic practices, namely détente, but also constituting the metanarrative that could explain and evaluate (the success or failure of) Thai diplomacy in the past. This narrative was then an invented tradition, which was socially and epistemically constructed as a result of the transformative practices of détente in Thailand. By tracing the birth of bamboo diplomacy, the thesis constitutes a history of the present.

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Hopson, Tina Marie. "Can average people detect differences in transcribed speech samples spoken by people either diagnosed with schizophrenia or not diagnosed with schizophrenia?" Scholarly Commons, 2002. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2724.

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Previous research has compared speech samples from people both diagnosed and not diagnosed with schizophrenia and found that differences exist between the speech patterns. However, the previous research has focused on specific aspects of speech. For example, sentence structure, adjective use, syntax, etc. The current study investigated if speech differences between people diagnosed with and not diagnosed with schizophrenia could be detected by people with no experience with schizophrenia using a global rating system. A comparison was made between the ratings of coherence and “weird/crazy” speech of people who described pictures seen on a computer screen. The participants were 61 adults from the Stockton, CA area who had no experience working with people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Participants were asked to rate the level of coherence of 42 speech samples and rate the statement as “weird/crazy.” The results indicated that the sentences of people diagnosed with schizophrenia were rated as significantly less coherent ( t [df 60] = −16.34, p < .001) and significantly more weird/crazy ( t [df 60] = 13.68, p < .001) than those of people not diagnosed with schizophrenia.

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Mattsson, Anna. "Difference in copy number variants in peripheral blood and bone marrow detected by SNP-array." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Biomedicinsk laboratorievetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-58641.

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Skinner, Malcolm. "Measurement of the relative width difference of the B0-B‾0 system with the ATLAS detector." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2017. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/86012/.

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The measurement of the relative width difference ∆Γd/Γd of the B0–B¯0 system using 25.2 fb−1 of integrated luminosity collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV and √s=8 TeV is presented. The analysis described in this thesis incorporates results previously published by the ATLAS collaboration while providing greater detail and additional studies. The measured value is ∆Γd/Γd = (−0.1±1.1 (stat.)±0.9 (syst.))×10−2 . Currently, this is the most precise single measurement of ∆Γd/Γd. It agrees with the Standard Model prediction and measurements by other experiments.

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Boggs, Carla Renee. "Characterization of Room Temperature Terahertz Direct Detectors." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1323881933.

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Sticken, Juliane. "The ability of harbor seals (Phoco vitulina) to detect salinity differences in sea water sensory adaptations to an important chemical signal in the marine environment /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968743838.

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Newfelt, Jamie Gualco. "The Effects of Green Dry-Cleaning on the Ability to Detect and Obtain DNA from Semen Stains on Three Different Types of Fabrics." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1565709.

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The ability to detect and obtain DNA profiles from body fluid stains on clothing is important in solving crimes. However, many crimes are reported after a significant delay and stained clothing is sometimes exposed to water, detergents, and/or other cleaning agents before it is collected as evidence. Research on the effects of water immersion and aqueous-based cleaning methods (e.g. machine laundering, detergents, machine drying) indicates that a number of variables affect whether a stain can be detected post-exposure, including the body fluid examined, the fabric type, and the presence or absence of detergents and agitation. However, the effects of dry-cleaning on body fluid stains are not well understood, despite the fact that many fabrics are “dry-clean only.” Additionally, most of the available information on dry-cleaning is based on the chemical perchloroethylene (Perc) and due to a 2007 ban on Perc, research was needed to examine the effects of available dry-cleaning alternatives. Three dry-clean-only fabrics were stained with semen and submitted for dry cleaning. Two green dry-cleaners were used, one using the petroleum-based DF2000™ and one using the silicone-based GreenEarth^® process. After dry-cleaning, the stained fabrics were screened using a 5000 Å Crime-lite^® and an acid phosphatase (AP) spot test. The sperm were then released from the fabric and detected using a Christmas Tree stain assay. Regardless of the results of the screening tests, the stains were removed and analyzed for DNA. The DNA was extracted using QIAamp^® DNA Investigator kits, quantitated by qPCR using Quantifiler^® Duo DNA Quantification kits, and genotyped using AmpFlSTR Identifiler^® Plus kits. It was found that dry-cleaned semen stains were often difficult to detect with the Crime-lite^® and the AP spot test but that sperm were present in abundance during the Christmas Tree stain assay. It was also found that enough DNA could be recovered to generate full Identifiler^® Plus profiles from all samples. Therefore, it is important for analysts to exercise caution when screening dry-cleaned evidence as stains may be missed that carry probative genetic information.

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Park, Kyoung-Joo Jenny. "Multi-Parameter Fluorescent Analysis and Quantitative Magnetophoresis Study as Two Different Technologies to Detect and Characterize Cells and Its Various Applications as Biomarkers." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1512018964871473.

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Al-Hmood, Hussien. "Performance analysis of energy detector over different generalised wireless channels based spectrum sensing in cognitive radio." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/11210.

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This thesis extensively analyses the performance of an energy detector which is widely employed to perform spectrum sensing in cognitive radio over different generalised channel models. In this analysis, both the average probability of detection and the average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) are derived using the probability density function of the received instantaneous signal to noise ratio (SNR). The performance of energy detector over an ŋ --- µ fading, which is used to model the Non-line-of-sight (NLoS) communication scenarios is provided. Then, the behaviour of the energy detector over к --- µ shadowed fading channel, which is a composite of generalized multipath/shadowing fading channel to model the lineof- sight (LoS) communication medium is investigated. The analysis of the energy detector over both ŋ --- µ and к --- µ shadowed fading channels are then extended to include maximal ratio combining (MRC), square law combining (SLC) and square law selection (SLS) with independent and non-identically (i:n:d) diversity branches. To overcome the problem of mathematical intractability in analysing the energy detector over i:n:d composite fading channels with MRC and selection combining (SC), two different unified statistical properties models for the sum and the maximum of mixture gamma (MG) variates are derived. The first model is limited by the value of the shadowing severity index, which should be an integer number and has been employed to study the performance of energy detector over composite α --- µ /gamma fading channel. This channel is proposed to represent the non-linear prorogation environment. On the other side, the second model is general and has been utilised to analyse the behaviour of energy detector over composite ŋ --- µ /gamma fading channel. Finally, a special filter-bank transform which is called slantlet packet transform (SPT) is developed and used to estimate the uncertain noise power. Moreover, signal denoising based on hybrid slantlet transform (HST) is employed to reduce the noise impact on the performance of energy detector. The combined SPT-HST approach improves the detection capability of energy detector with 97% and reduces the total computational complexity by nearly 19% in comparison with previously implemented work using filter-bank transforms. The aforementioned percentages are measured at specific SNR, number of selected samples and levels of signal decomposition.

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Abbasinejad, Enger Shirin. "Dosimetry Studies of Different Radiotherapy Applications using Monte Carlo Radiation Transport Calculations." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9277.

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Developing radiation delivery systems for optimisation of absorbed dose to the target without normal tissue toxicity requires advanced calculations for transport of radiation. In this thesis absorbed dose and fluence in different radiotherapy applications were calculated by using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.

In paper I-III external neutron activation of gadolinium (Gd) for intravascular brachytherapy (GdNCB) and tumour therapy (GdNCT) was investigated. MC codes MCNP and GEANT4 were compared. MCNP was chosen for neutron capture reaction calculations. Gd neutron capture reaction includes both very short range (Auger electrons) and long range (IC electrons and gamma) products. In GdNCB the high-energetic gamma gives an almost flat absorbed dose delivery pattern, up to 4 mm around the stent. Dose distribution at the edges and inside the stent may prevent stent edge and in-stent restenosis. For GdNCT the absorbed dose from prompt gamma will dominate over the dose from IC and Auger electrons in an in vivo situation. The absorbed dose from IC electrons will enhance the total absorbed dose in the tumours and contribute to the cell killing.

In paper IV a model for calculation of inter-cluster cross-fire radiation dose from β-emitting radionuclides in a breast cancer model was developed. GEANT4 was used for obtaining absorbed dose. The dose internally in cells binding the isotope (self-dose) increased with decreasing β-energy except for the radionuclides with substantial amounts of conversion electrons and Auger electrons. An effective therapy approach may be a combination of radionuclides where the high self-dose from nuclides with low β-energy should be combined with the inter-cell cluster cross-fire dose from high energy β-particles.

In paper V MC simulations using correlated sampling together with importance sampling were used to calculate spectra perturbations in detector volumes caused by the detector silicon chip and its encapsulation. Penelope and EGSnrc were used and yielded similar results. The low energy part of the electron spectrum increased but to a less extent if the silicon detector was encapsulated in low z-materials.

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Meyer, Sebastian [Verfasser], and Katia [Akademischer Betreuer] Parodi. "On the clinical potential of ion computed tomography with different detector systems and ion species / Sebastian Meyer ; Betreuer: Katia Parodi." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1216039046/34.

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Slavík, Roman. "Detektor obličejů pro platformu Android." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236977.

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This master's thesis deals with face detection on mobile phones with Android OS. The introduction describes some algorithms used for pattern detection from image, as well as various techniques of features extracting. After that Android platform development specifics, including basic description of development tools, are described. Architecture of SIMD is introduced in next part of this work. After acquiring basic knowleage analysis and implementation of final app are descrited. Performance tests are conducted whose results are summarized in the conclusion.

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Wickman, Helena. "Evaluation of field tests of different ice measurement methods for wind power : focusing on their usability for wind farm site assessment and finding production losses." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-210216.

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The favorable wind recourses in many cold climate regions make them interesting for development of wind farms. However, with the cold climate come drawbacks due to icing. Production losses, fatigue loadings, ice throws and increased noise are some of the more severe issues that have to be addressed. Thus, wind power in cold climaterequires ice detectors both during the prospecting phase in the site assessment and during production for controlling of the turbines. This study aimed to evaluate six ice detector systems and their ability to detect time periods with ice and ice growth. The usability of the detector data for site assessment or controlling of the turbine was also discussed. The tested detectors were: the T 40 series from HoloOptics (HoloOptics), 0872F1 Ice Detector from Goodrich (Goodrich), LID-3300IP from Labkotec (LID), IceMonitor from SAAB Combitech (IceMonitor) and IGUS BLADcontrol from Rexroth Bosch Group (IGUS). Also a combination of the three anemometers Thies 4.3350.00.0000 from Adolf Thies GmbH & Co.KG (Thies), Vaisala WAA252 from Vaisala Oyj (Vaisala) and NRG Icefree3 from NRG Systems (NRG), used for wind measurements, has been analyzed for ice detection purposes. Data from field tests in Åsele municipality in the northern part of Sweden has been processed in MATLAB. Indications of ice and ice growth have been compared between the detectors to see how often they indicate concurrently. The measurements showed that the IceMonitor and the three anemometers indicated the occurrence of ice at the same time most of the time. The detectors with the ability to detect ice growth (Goodrich, LID, T44 and T41, IceMonitor) had a lot fewer concurrent indications. The correspondence between production loss time periods and the IGUS and T41 ice and ice growth indications were also low. Thus it was concluded that periods with ice were possible to find with a decent precision while ice growth and production loss periods were hard to find with any accuracy. The biggest limitation to the detectors’ functionality was the severe icing events that either hindered the detectors from working properly or broke them completely. None of the detectors were recommended for controlling of the wind turbines. If the reliability of the detectors during the more sever icing events could be increase they could however be used for site assessment to give a rough idea of the icing climate.
De gynnsamma vindar som finns i många regioner med kallt klimat gör dem intressanta för utveckling av vindkraftparker. Men med det kalla klimatet kommer nackdelar på grund av isbildning. Produktionsförluster, utmattningslaster, iskast och ökat buller är några av de mer allvarliga problem som måste åtgärdas. Således kräver vindkraft i kallt klimat isdetektorer både under prospekteringsfasen av området och under produktion, för styrning av turbinerna. Denna studie hade som syfte att utvärdera sex isdetektorsystem och deras förmåga att upptäcka tidsperioder med is och istillväxt. Detektorernas användbarhet vid projektering eller kontroll av vindturbiner diskuterades också. De testade detektorerna var: T 40-serien från HoloOptics (HoloOptics), 0872F1 Ice Detector från Goodrich (Goodrich), LID-3300IP från Labkotec (LID), IceMonitor från SAAB Combitech (IceMonitor) och IGUS BLADcontrol från Rexroth Bosch Group (IGUS). Även en kombination av de tre anemometrarna Thies 4.3350.00.0000 från Adolf Thies GmbH & Co.KG (Thies), Vaisala WAA252 från Vaisala Oyj (Vaisala) och NRG Icefree3 från NRG Systems (NRG), som används för vindmätningar, har analyserats för isdetektionsändamål. Data från fältstudier i Åsele kommun i norra delen av Sverige har behandlats i MATLAB. Indikationer på is och istillväxt har jämförts mellan detektorerna för att se hur ofta de visar samtidigt. Mätningarna visade att IceMonitor och de tre anemometrarna för det mesta indikerade förekomst av is samtidigt. Detektorerna med förmåga att detektera istillväxt (Goodrich, LID, T44 och T41, IceMonitor) hade mycket färre samtidiga indikationer. Överensstämmelsen mellan tidsperioder med produktionsbortfall, is (IGUS) och istillväxt (T41) var också låg. Således drogs slutsatsen att perioder med is var möjligt att hitta med en anständig precision emedan istillväxt och produktionsförlustperioder var svåra att hitta med någon större exakthet. Den största begränsningen av detektorernas funktionalitet var de svåra nedisningseventen som antingen hindrade detektorerna från att fungera ordentligt eller förstörde dem helt. Ingen av detektorerna rekommenderas för styrning av vindkraftverk. Om tillförlitligheten på detektorerna under de svårare nedisningseventen förbättras skulle detektorerna dock kunna användas vid projektering för att ge en ungefärlig uppfattning av isklimatet.
Vindforsk III: V-363 project

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van, Eckert Viviane Roxann [Verfasser], and August [Gutachter] Stich. "Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in adult HIV–positive patients and comparison of specificity and sensitivity of five different methods to detect a current infection in Mwanza Province /Northern Tanzania / Viviane Roxann van Eckert ; Gutachter: August Stich." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1211959732/34.

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Seguy, françoise. "Evaluation du metabolisme anaerobie dans cinq sports differents (aviron, basket-ball, cyclisme, ski alpin et tennis) par la determination de la relation force-vitesse et la detente verticale." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO1M340.

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Zuo, Jian. "The Frequency Monitor Network (FNET) Design and Situation Awareness Algorithm Development." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26721.

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Wide Area Measurements (WAMs) have been widely used in the energy management system (EMS) of power system for monitoring, operation and control. In recent years, the advent of synchronized Phasor Measurements Unit (PMU) has added another dimension to the field of wide-area measurement. However, the high cost of the PMU, which includes the manufacture and deployment fee, is a hurdle to the wide use of the PMU in power systems. Unlike traditional PMUs, the frequency monitoring network (FNET) developed by the Virginia Tech Power IT lab is an Internetâ based, GPSâ synchronized, wide-area frequency monitoring network deployed at the distribution level, providing a low-cost and easily deployable WAMs solution. In this dissertation, the research work can be categorized into two parts: FNET Design and Situation Awareness Algorithm Development.
Ph. D.

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Polischuk, Vladimir. "Etude et réalisation de structure à base de silicium poreux en vue de la détection de gaz." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECDL0016.

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Ce travail de thèse visait à étudier les potentialités du silicium poreux comme support d'un élément sensible pour les capteurs de gaz. Afin de comprendre les mécanismes de formation du silicium poreux nous avons eu recours à l'électrochimie fondamentale de silicium. Ainsi, les mesures I-V de l'interface silicium/solution d'acide fluorhydrique ont mis en évidence deux mécanismes compétitifs : la formation électrochimique de l'oxyde de silicium et sa dissolution par HF. De même, la nature de l'oxyde de silicium est discutée dans le cadre des diagrammes d'équilibres tension-ph du système silicium-eau. Dans le but de développer de nouveaux capteurs de gaz, nous avons élaboré des couches de silicium poreux modifiées ultérieurement par un métal catalytique. Dans le cas des structures de type diode (Pd/Sp/Si), l'épaisseur de la couche de silicium poreux contrôle les processus de transport de courant. La quantité du palladium déposée influe beaucoup sur la sensibilité des structures sous gaz. Ainsi, ce sont les structures avec une couche ultramince de palladium qui présentent les meilleures réponses à l'hydrogène. En s'appuyant sur le modelé d'une hétérojonction métal/silicium poreux/si ayant une couche mince de silicium poreux, nous avons relie ce phénomène a la variation des porteurs libres de la zone de charge d'espace du silicium. La mesure de la différence de potentiel de contact nous a permis d'étudier l'effet de l'adsorption d'hydrogène sur la surface de palladium supporte sur du silicium poreux. Malgré nos attentes, les structures a base du silicium poreux ont montré une faible amélioration de la sensibilité par rapport aux structures traditionnelles Pd/SiO2/Si. Par contre, elles étaient plus performantes en ce qui concerne la cinétique, donc le temps de réponse deux fois plus rapide.

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De, Canditiis Bartolomeo. "3D characterization of multi-segmented HPGe detectors : simulation and validation of the PSCS technique and its application for different energies with a 152 Eu source." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAE008.

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Les ensembles de détecteurs de rayon gamma de nouvelle génération, tel AGATA, utilisent des détecteurs multi-segmentés de germanium hyper-pur dans les expériences de physique nucléaire pour lesquelles une grande résolution et efficacité sont demandées. Ces caractéristiques sont obtenues par l’application des techniques d'analyse des formes d'impulsion et de tracking des rayons gamma. Ces dernières demandent une caractérisation volumétrique des détecteurs. À cet effet, l'IPHC a développé une table de scan qui utilise la technique Pulse Shape Comparison Scan (PSCS). Des simulations sont réalisées pour quantifier la précision de la technique PSCS et pour la valider. Elles sont appliquées sur un détecteur planaire pixelisé 3x3 et sur un détecteur symétrique d'AGATA de type S. La méthode est testée avec plusieurs énergies de rayons gamma et diverses statistiques d'entrée. Des scans réels sont aussi entrepris sur les deux détecteurs, qui sont totalement caractérisés. En particulier, un scan réalisé pour la première fois avec une source de rayons gamma de 152Eu, prouve la validité de certaines hypothèses sur lesquelles repose la technique de tracking
New generation gamma-ray detectors arrays, such as AGATA, employ multi-segmented high purity germanium detectors in experiments of nuclear physics that require high resolution and efficiency which are obtained thanks to the application of pulse-shape analysis and gamma-ray tracking. These techniques require full volume characterization of the position sensitive detectors. The IPHC developed a scanning table that uses the Pulse Shape Comparison Scan (PSCS) technique to perform this task. Simulations are performed to quantify the accuracy of the PSCS and to validate it.They are applied on a pixelated 3x3 planar detector and a symmetrical S-type AGATA detector. The method is tested with different gamma-ray energies and input statistics. Several real scans are performed as well on both detectors, which are fully characterized. In particular a scan with agamma-ray source of 152Eu, the first ever done, prove some assumptions on which the tracking technique is based

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Ateba, ndongo Francis. "Traitement antirétroviral précoce des nourrissons infectés par le VIH-1 : évaluation de la réponse virologique à court et moyen termes dans un pays d’Afrique sub-saharienne (Cameroun) Could caregiver reporting adherence help detect virological failure in Cameroonian early treated HIV-infected infants Virological response to early combined antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected infants: evaluation after 2 years of treatment in the PEDIACAM study, Cameroon Low Birth Weight in Perinatally HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants: Observations in Urban Settings in Cameroon Feasibility of Routinely Offering Early Combined Antiretroviral Therapy to HIV-infected Infants in a Resource-limited Country: The ANRS-PediaCAM Study in Cameroon Different factors associated with loss to follow-up of infants born to HIV-infected or uninfected mothers: observations from the ANRS12140-PEDIACAM study in Cameroon Cytomegalovirus infection in HIV-infected versus non-infected infants and HIV disease progression in Cytomegalovirus infected versus non-infected infants early treated with cART in the ANRS 12140—Pediacam study in Cameroon." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS322.

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Introduction : Depuis 2015, l’OMS recommande la mise sous traitement antirétroviral systématique de tous les enfants infectés par le VIH pour réduire la mortalité précoce liée au VIH chez les nourrissons en l’absence de traitement. Cependant, malgré la disponibilité des tests de dépistage et des médicaments antirétroviraux, l’initiation précoce de ces traitements reste un défi majeur dans les pays à ressources limitées. L’étude ANRS 12140-PEDIACAM est mise en place pour évaluer la faisabilité, l’efficacité et la tolérance en routine du traitement précoce des enfants infectés par le VIH au Cameroun. Objectifs : Les objectifs de cette thèse visaient à étudier la mortalité et la réponse virologique à deux et quatre ans après l’initiation précoce d’un traitement antirétroviral chez les nourrissons infectés par le VIH, et à identifier les facteurs associés à l’obtention et au maintien d’un succès virologique.Méthodes : Les analyses ont porté sur les 190 enfants infectés par le VIH traités avant l’âge de 1 an (médiane=4 mois), inclus dans les trois sites cliniques du Cameroun participant à la cohorte prospective ANRS PEDIACAM initiée en 2007. La première étude a évalué les performances d’un critère basé sur le nombre de doses manquées de traitement rapporté dans un questionnaire d’observance pour dépister un échec virologique chez les nourrissons. La seconde étude portait sur l’estimation de la fréquence et des facteurs associés à l’obtention d’un succès virologique et à la mortalité à deux ans du traitement, utilisant un modèle de survie à risque compétitif. La troisième concernait l’évolution de la réponse virologique entre 2 et 4 ans du traitement selon le statut virologique obtenu à deux ans.Résultats : Les performances du questionnaire d’observance administré à l’accompagnant du nourrisson s’avèrent limitées, avec une valeur prédictive positive trop faible pour dépister un échec virologique en l’absence de charge virale disponible. La mortalité reste élevée à un an du traitement précoce (18,0% [IC95% : 13,0 - 24,0]). Elle est de 3,3% [IC95% : 0,4 - 6,2] entre 2 et 4 ans de traitement. La probabilité d’atteindre au moins un succès virologique avant 2 ans de traitement est de 80% environ, mais celle d’obtenir une suppression virologique maintenue sur au moins 6 mois n’est que de 67% au seuil de 1000 copies/mL, et de 60% au seuil de 400 copies/mL. A 4 ans du traitement initial, la proportion de charge virale contrôlée (<400 copies/mL) est de 75,2% [68,3-82,1]) chez les 144 enfants toujours vivants et suivis, mais pour 12% la charge virale n’a pas été mesurée. Le seul facteur associé significativement au succès virologique dans les 2 ans du traitement initial est la bonne observance rapportée par l’accompagnant. Et seuls un succès virologique obtenu à 2 ans et l’initiation plus récente du traitement antirétroviral sont associés à un charge virale contrôlée à 4 ans.Conclusion : Même si l’intérêt du traitement précoce des nourrissons infectés par le VIH est démontré, le succès virologique à moyen et long terme passe par des stratégies favorisant l’administration quotidienne soutenue des médicaments et une surveillance régulière de la réponse virologique. L’évaluation de l’observance par questionnaire présente une trop faible performance pour dépister précocement un échec virologique. Il est urgent de donner un accès large à la mesure de la charge virale en routine dans les pays à ressources limitées pour dépister rapidement les échecs virologiques chez les enfants recevant un traitement antirétroviral
Introduction: Since 2015, the WHO recommends to start antiretroviral treatment promptly in all HIV-infected children in order to reduce HIV related mortality. Despite increasing availability of screening tests and antiretroviral drugs, early initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART) remains challenging in resource-limited countries. The ANRS 12140-Pediacam study assesses feasibility, effectiveness and tolerability in routine practice of early treatment of HIV-infected children in Cameroon. Objectives: The objectives of this thesis are to study mortality and virologic response at 2 and 4 years of early initiation of ART in HIV-infected infants and identify factors associated with virologic success. Methods: The analysis concerned the 190 HIV-infected infants who have initiated ART no later than 1 year (median=4 months) and were enrolled in the 3 Cameroon clinical sites involved in the PEDIACAM prospective cohort study since 2007. The first study evaluated adherence criterium based on the number of missed doses as reported through an adherence questionnaire in oerder to detect virologic failure in infants. The second study concerned the evaluation of the frequency and the factors associated with virologic success and mortality at 2 years of ART initiation, using competing risk regression. The third study concerned the evolution of virologic response between 2 and 4 years of QRT initiation depending on virologic status achieved at 2 years of ART initiation. Results: The performances of adherence questionnaire administered to the infant's caregiver are limited; the positive predictive value is low for detecting virologic failure in the absence of viral load exam. The mortality is high at 1 year after early ART initiation (18.0% [95% CI: 13.0 – 24.0]). The mortality is 3.3% [95%CI: 0.4 – 6.2] between 2 and 4 years of ART initiation. The probability of achieving at least once virologic success within the first 2 years of ART is around 80.0% but the probability of maintaining virologic success for at least 6 months was 67% for threshold=1000 copies/mL and 60% for threshold=400 copies/mL. At 4 years of ART initiation, the proportion of virologic success (viral load<400 copies/mL) is 75.2% [68.3-82.1]) in the 144 children still alive among whom viral load exam was not performed. The only factor associated with virologic success at 2 years of ART initiation is good adherence as reported by the caregiver. Et seuls un succès virologique obtenu à 2 ans et l’initiation plus récente du traitement antirétroviral sont associés à un charge virale contrôlée à 4 ans.Conclusion: Although the interest of early ART in HIV-infected infants is demonstrated, the mid and long term virologic success pass through strategies enhancing supporting steady and daily administration of drugs and regular monitoring of virologic response. The steady evaluation of adherence as reported by questionnaire has a very low performance for early detecting virologic failure. It is urgent to widely get access to routine viral load exam in resource-limited countries for quickly detecting virologic failures in children receiving antiretroviral treatment

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CHEN, JUN-TING, and 陳俊廷. "Study on Simulation of the Ground Penetrating Radar to Detect Cavity in Coastal Dikes Using the Finite Difference Program GprMax2D." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02489207169915903694.

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碩士
逢甲大學
土木工程所
99
The coastal dikes are the first protective barrier for inland safty. The global warming effect has resulted in extreme global climate change, such as concentrated rainy season and extreme raining inensity. The cavities of coast dikes are often found be located beneath the bottom of the concrete plate. Due to the existence of the surface cracks or construction joints, sea waters can flow into the body of the dike. This will result in soil consolidation, settlement, and the formation of some cavities in the soil. The thesis used an indoor sandbox model to study the effects of cavity beneath a concrete plate, including a horizontally oriented cavity and an inclined cavity. A high frequency of the ground penetrating radar was used to study the signals related to the depth, size and location of the cavity. The finite difference program GprMax2D was used to simulate a cavity in the sandbox. An average area difference for dikes with and without cavities was proposed in this study as a quantitative index for cavity existence. In addition, the width and depth of cavity, the difference of dry sand versus saturated wet sand, and the effect of adding contrast medium to base of cavities were also studied. The research results showed that the average area difference will generally increase its value as the increase of the cavity height, but it will decrease when cavity height increases to some certain value. With same cavity height, the increase of cavity width will have siganificant influence on the reflected radar signal.

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Contreras, Joey Annette. "Using brain connectomics to detect functional connectivity differences in Alzheimer's disease." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/14603.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
Prodromal Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has recently been identified as a disease state where pathophysiological changes may progress despite the absence of significant clinical symptoms. Yet, the specific processes of neural dysfunction occurring during this preclinical phase remain unclear. Resting state fMRI (RS-fMRI) in combination with brain connectomic measurements may be able to provide ways to measure subtle connectivity changes in different neurological disease states. For instance, RS-fMRI scans allow us to determine functionally connected yet spatially distinct brain regions that can then be separated into resting-state networks (RSNs). More recently, the exploration of RSNs in disease states have proved promising since they have been reliably altered when compared to a control population. By using brain connectomic approaches to assess functional connectivity we can evaluate the human connectome from a different and more global perspective to help us better understand and detect prodromal neurodegenerative disease states.

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Lin, kuan_Yuan, and 林坤淵. "A Comparative Study of Different Models to Detect Tax Evasion." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22647558768613689565.

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碩士
國立交通大學
經營管理研究所
90
Business income tax evasion has been a very popular and serious problem. A direct way to reduce tax evasion is to enhance auditing. Owing to limited resources, it seems hard to increase auditors. Therefore, how to effectively predict if a tax evasion will occur becomes important. The purpose of this study is to conduct comparisons of performance among different prediction approaches, and then find out the most effective one. Five prediction approaches by means of neural networks, factor analysis and logistic regression are used. They are based on 22 financial variables. The overall prediction error rate, Type I prediction error rate, and Type II prediction error rate serve as prediction performance criteria. Using Bootstrapping sampling and repeated measures analysis, the approach of neural network based on 22 financial variables was found to be the most effective. However, variables possessing explanatory power cannot be identified by the approach. Factor analysis on 22 financial variables, followed by stepwise logistic regression, is suggested to help with critical variable selection.

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TU, JIA-LING, and 涂嘉伶. "Use ECG to detect autonomous system regulation under different emotion circumstances." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79854051080605344771.

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碩士
臺北城市科技大學
運動健康與休閒所
102
Abstract Owing to the fast living pace in modern society, the life pressure in modern life is high. According to the survey taken by the Department of Healthy in Taiwan, the cardiovascular disease has drawn great attention because of its second rank in the top ten causes of death. The electrocardiograph (ECG) has been regarded as an important tool and play a significant role in the diagnoses of cardiac disease. In this thesis, we attempted to create different emotional scenarios for subjects by requesting them to listen soft music and rock music. The ECG signals recorded from two conditions (listening to soft music and rock music) were then used to compare with subjects’ resting states. We applied ECG to probe subject’s emotional states by detecting their ECG R-R intervals. Study results showed that subjects had larger heart rate variability (HRV) in listening soft music and smaller HRV in listening rock music (Student’s pair t-test (p<0.01)). In addition, using traditional spectral analysis, we found subjects had suppressed spectral power within 0.15 ~ 0.25 Hz while listening music, compared to resting states. The aforementioned two biomarkers probe the possibility to probe subject’s internal emotional states which may feasible of designing wearable physiological monitoring system to provide feedback intervention for reducing subjects’ emotional pressure. Keywords: electrocardiogram(ECG), heart rate variability (HRV), music, emotional state

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He, Mei-Ling, and 何美玲. "Use of isozyme and polymerase chain reaction to detect the differences between pseudocercospora atromarginalis and P. fuligena." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05351579766742664549.

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LIN, JUNG-CHIH, and 林榮志. "Development of Microfluidic Platform for Real-time Analysis to Detect the Quantity of Ephedrine in Different Formula." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x364dp.

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博士
逢甲大學
電機與通訊工程博士學位學程
106
In this study, based on the centrifugal microfluidic detection technology, a real-time detection centrifugal microfluidic platform has been developed for detecting the content of traditional Chinese medicine compound ephedrine, which can be applied to the rapid detection and analysis of the quality components of traditional Chinese medicine. The ion-sensing film was fabricated by electrospinning on the micro-channel structure, and the ion detection electrode reaction was used to detect the index content of ephedrine in the traditional Chinese medicine preparation, and the correlation of the ephedrine content of different samples was investigated. The experimental results of the ephedrine-related reaction change the concentration accordingly. The concentration of ephedrine increases due to the increase of the sample dose, and the voltage response also mutates. The experimental ephedrine concentration ranges from 2.69 mg/g to 16.64 mg/g. The real-time ion detection technology of this system had been proved to provide quantigtative analysis for concentrated Chinese medicine preparations, which is beneficial to the rapid and accurate analysis and application of Chinese medicine ephedrine preparations and index components.

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Shen, Yung-tai, and 沈永泰. "Performance Improvement of a Face Detector under Different Illumination Conditions." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61234460569944619754.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
98
Face detection is nowadays applied in many devices, and generally considered as a mature technology. But some performance weakness may be discovered under a strict examination. Given a real-time face detector, this thesis aims at identifying its weakness at detecting faces under various illuminations, and proposing a solution to compensate for the weakness. This work first exploits a benchmark database such as PIE and FRGC to identify the illumination conditions that the face detector yields a high miss rate. When these illumination conditions are identified, a multi-template search scheme is proposed so that facial candidates with different illuminations can be considered. To meet the requirements for different needs, this work exploits a combination of multiple classifiers and the training samples close to the decision boundaries, making the performance easy to tune for a lower FAR (False Accept Rate) or FRR (False Reject Rate). Experiments show that the multi-template search scheme can improve the detection rate from 72 to 90 percentage, and the multiple classifiers can improve the FAR from 0.028 to 0.012, at FRR 0.05.

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Hu, Bo Sien, and 胡柏先. "Comparison of Different Matching Strategies Using the Mantel-Haenszel Method to Detect DIF in the BIB Booklet Design." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40979540285175182947.

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碩士
國立清華大學
學習科學研究所
104
In large scale assessment programs, the method of booklet design is commonly adopted for sampling a large amount of test items and describing latent traits of student participants. The missingness derived from booklet design not only reduce the number of samples responding to each tested item, but also cause vacancy in participants’ responses, which in turn harms the result of DIF assessment. Recently, an increasing attention has been drawn to a non-parametric DIF assessment method called the Mantel-Haenszel test (MH) due to its simplicity. Although past studies have found the matching strategy was crucial to the effectiveness of MH-DIF assessment in tests adopting booklet design, researches comparing the effectiveness of various matching strategies developed recently within a more authentic but complex booklet design context areis relatively rare. Furthermore, the DIF assessments in previous studies are often conducted based on a limited, or even without, scale purification procedure, and the differences of mean difficulties between booklets are too small to influence the result of DIF assessment. In this research, three research questions were raised. First, can we amplify the differences in MH-DIF results using equated pooled booklet matching strategy and the other matching strategies by increasing the difference of mean difficulty between booklets? Second, if the matching variable is iteratively purified according to presumed results of DIF assessment instead of true DIF items, will this purification procedure affect the performance of DIF assessment among various matching strategies? Third, what is the difference in the results of DIF assessments between various matching strategies in both main and sub-dimension of PISA 2012 booklet design, respectively? In this researchstudy, the sample size, impact, percentage of DIF items, and the range of mean item difficulty between booklets are manipulated. The booklet design adopted in this study research followed authentic PISA 2012, and we the matching variable based on presumed DIF assessment is iteratively purified matching variable based on presumed DIF assessment. Type I error rate and power of DIF assessment using three matching strategies, namely block level, percent pooled booklet, and equated pooled booklet, are recorded. The findings indicated that the power rates in sub-dimension were higher than that those in main dimension among three matching strategies. Controlling for dimension and sample size, the power rates of block level matching strategies became lower when there were more DIF items in the test. The power rates of percent pooled booklet were affected by the three way interaction of impact, range of mean item difficulty between booklets, and percentage of DIF items. Comparing to the previous two strategies, equated pooled booklet strategy yielded the most ideal Type I error rate and the highest power rate in all scenarios. Furthermore, a real data example derived from PISA 2012 math test of Taiwan was analyzed for gender DIF using the equated pooled booklet strategy. Approximately 30% of the items were deemed to be DIF. According to this research, equated pooled booklet strategy with iterative purification procedure is strongly recommended in DIF assessment, especially when there are huge differences of mean difficulty between booklets, or when a lot of DIF items are expected in tests.

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HE, MEI-LING, and 何美玲. "Pseudocercospora atromarginalis 及 P. fuligenaUse of isozyme and polymerase chain reaction to detect the differences between pseudocercospora atromarginalis and P. fuligena." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90458503310298167240.

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Liao, Chi Hung, and 廖啟宏. "proceed absolute peak efficiency calibration of different element source to gernamiun detector." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66985908534644459535.

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Sung, Ping-En, and 宋秉恩. "A Reversible Information Hiding Scheme by Applying Difference Expansion and Median Edge Detector on Block Truncation Coding." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34161187175934441122.

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碩士
亞洲大學
資訊多媒體應用學系碩士班
99
In this thesis, the high and low reconstruction levels of each block must be obtained first by using block truncation coding. Then, the distance value of each block can be calculated by subtracting its low reconstruction level from its high reconstruction level. Meanwhile, the predicted distance value of each block can also be predicted by applying median edge detector on distance values. For each block, after subtracting the distance value from the predicted distance value, the result value is embedded to the high and low reconstruction levels by using difference expansion. The experimental results show that the capacity of the proposed method is high and the quality of the image is good.

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Chang, Kai-Chieh, and 張凱傑. "Investigation of The Difference Between The Spatial and Temporal Signals in Flow Injection Analysis Using A Multi-Channel Detector." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82677057223448887673.

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碩士
國立交通大學
應用化學系所
95
Flow injection analysis (FIA) is widely used as an automatic analysis technology. The FIA signals often appear in asymmetric tailing peaks. According to the traditional theory, the tailing phenomenon occurs because the fluid moves in the form of laminar flow that results in dispersion in the FIA manifolds. Furthermore, the defects of the hardware itself also contributes to the fluid change, thus to the skewness of the peak shape. Recently a hypothesis of temporal effect is proposed to explain the tailing phenomenon. Because the spatial distribution of the sample in the FIA manifolds changes with time, the recorded signal from a traditional single-channel detector is actually the accumulation result of the constant signal variation of the sample in the manifold. Accordingly, the recorded signal as a function of time is different from the true spatial distribution of the sample in the manifold. This phenomenon results in tailing peak, even though the spatial distribution of the sample appears considerably symmetric. This research scrutinizes the spatial distribution of the sample in the FIA manifolds and the peak shape recorded as a function of time simultaneously using a multi-channel detector. Obvious difference is observed by comparing peak shapes between spatial and temporal profiles. This study confirms that the temporal effect is the major factor for the skewed FIA peaks. In addition, the theoretical foundation of the temporally convoluted Gaussian equation proposed in the literature is verified. Furthermore, the method for calculating the dispersion coefficient using the temporal signal is validated by the experimental spatial signal.

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Sticken, Juliane [Verfasser]. "The ability of harbor seals (Phoco vitulina) to detect salinity differences in sea water : sensory adaptations to an important chemical signal in the marine environment / vorgelegt von Juliane Sticken." 2003. http://d-nb.info/968743838/34.

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van, Eckert Viviane Roxann. "Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in adult HIV–positive patients and comparison of specificity and sensitivity of five different methods to detect a current infection in Mwanza Province /Northern Tanzania." Doctoral thesis, 2020. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205306.

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S. stercoralis is a helminthic parasite which is common in tropical and subtropical regions. It causes a persistent but often inapparent infection in humans. In the state of a protracted immunosuppression this parasite can cause a life-threatening hyperinfection syndrome. Most often the hyperinfection syndrome was found after prolonged high dose corticosteroid treatment. In HIV-infected individuals high dose corticosteroids are used for the treatment of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) or as adjunct treatment in the treatment of meningeal or pericardial tuberculosis. Case reports from Tanzania demonstrate that Strongyloidiasis is prevalent not only in coastal regions but also in the Lake province of Tanzania. However, data on the local prevalence of S. stercoralis infection based on sensitive techniques are scanty, especially in HIV-infected individuals. The main objective of this study is to provide data on the prevalence of S. stercoralis infections in the adult HIV-infected population attending the Bugando Medical Centre for medical care. Specific objectives of the study are the comparison of the sensitivities and specificities of five different methods in detecting S. stercoralis. Four methods to detect S. stercoralis larvae used stool samples; one method to detect S. stercoralis antibodies required blood samples. The study used the Agar-plate-culture-technique and a modified Harada-Mori-culture-technique for the direct detection of helminthic larvae in the collected faecal samples. In addition, a recently described PCR-assay from faecal specimens and an ELISA for S. stercoralis antibodies have been applied. The Faecal Parasite Concentrator (FPC) stool concentration technique was used for the differential diagnosis of other intestinal helminthic parasites. The results of the study may influence the current treatment guidelines for HIV-infected patients in case that a relevant prevalence of S. stercoralis infection is found. Then, prior to a prolonged iatrogenic immunosuppression -like the high dose corticosteroid treatment for IRIS- a prophylactic anthelminthic treatment capable to eradicate a S. stercoralis infection could be recommendable. The prevalence of a current S. stercoralis infection using the PCR as a gold standard was 5.4%. The Agar plate method showed positive results in 19 out of 278 cases (6.1%), the modified Harada Mori technique in 13 of 278 (4.7%) cases. With PCR as gold standard the sensitivity of the agar plate method was 60%, the positive predictive value 47.4%, the specificity 96.2% and the negative predictive value 97.7 %. The sensitivity of the Harada Mori technique was 36.4%, the positive predictive value 30.7% with a specificity of 96.4% and negative predictive value 97.1%. The modified Harada Mori technique allowed in principal the morphological identification of nematode larvae. Microscopic analysis showed a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 46.7%. Antibodies were detected in 45 of 278 cases 16.2% by ELISA, with a sensitivity of 92.9% and a specificity of 87.8%. The findings of this study show that none of the diagnostic tests can be implemented as a routine diagnostic procedure to diagnose a current infection. This leads to the conclusion that it is high time to consider the provision of a prophylactic treatment within patients who are either HIV positive patients who could develop an IRIS after receiving ART, patients with a HTLV-1 infection and the growing number of patients under iatrogenic immunosuppression for various reasons
S. stercoralis ist ein helmintischer Parasit der Endemisch in den Tropen und Subtropen, vor allem im warmen und feuchtem Milieu vorkommt. Eine Infektion mit S. stercoralis verläuft häufig asymptomatisch, kann aber über Jahre im menschlichen Körper persistieren. Bei immungeschwächten Patienten kann es zu einen Hyperinfektionssyndrom mit hoher Mortalität kommen Häufig kommt es zu einen Hyperinfektionssyndrom nach Einnahme von hoch Dosis Kortikosteroiden. Ca 20% der HIV positiven Patienten, die eine antiretrovirale Therapie beginnen entwickeln ein Immunrekonstitutionssyndrom. Die Therapie der Wahl ist dann u.a. hoch Dosis Kortikosteroide. Laut WHO sind 30-100 Millionen Menschen mit S. stercoralis infiziert. Diese Ungenauigkeit wiederspiegelt den erschwerten Nachweis einer Infektion. Bisher gibt es eine geringe Kenntnis über die Prävalenz von. S. stercoralis Infektionen in Tansania und kaum Daten vom bevölkerungsreichen Westen Tansanias. Die Region Mwanza am Lake Victoria zeigt sich als ein perfektes Milieu für das Vorkommen von S. stercoralis. Bisherige Ergebnisse der durchgeführten diagnostischen Tests weisen nur fragliche Sensitivitäten auf und es existieren keine Daten zur Prävalenz unter HIV positiven Patienten. Zudem wurden noch keine diagnostischen Methoden zur Prävalenzermittlung bei HIV positiven Patienten erprobt. Ziel der Studie ist die Verbesserung der Kenntnisse über Prävalenz von S.stercoralis Infektionen im bevölkerungsreichen Westen Tansanias. Die Analyse von Faktoren die Prävalenz von S. stercoralis beeinflussen, sowie Analyse der Prävalenz unter HIV Patienten mit fünf diagnostischen Testverfahren und Empfehlungen für den Umgang mit HIV Patienten in tropischen Milieu mit S. stercoralis Infektionswahrscheinlichkeit. Mit 278 Serum und Stuhlproben von HIV positiven Patienten wurden folgende Verfahren angewandt. Mit den Stuhlproben, die Modifizierte Harada Mori Methode und Agar Platten Methode am Bugando Medical Center, ein Realtime PCR und die FPC Methode und Mikroskopieren im Missionsärztlichen Institut, Würzburg. Mit den Serumproben erfolgte ein In House ELISA am Bernhard Nocht Institut, Hamburg. Die Prävalenz einer S.stercoralis Infektion in der PCR Methode war 5.4%. Die Agar Platten Methode zeigte positive Ergebnisse in 19 von 278 Fällen (6.1%). Die modifizierte Harada Mori Methode in 13 von 278 Fällen (4.7%). Unter der Annahme der PCR Methode als Goldstandard wies die Agar Platten Methode eine Sensitivität von 60% und Spezifität von 96.2% auf. Die Sensitivität der Harada Mori Methode war 36.4% und Spezifität von 96.4.%.Die FPC Methode zeigte eine Spezifität von 100%, jedoch nur Sensitivität von 46.7%.Das in House ELISA zeigte positive Ergebnisse bei 45 von 278 Patienten (16.2%) mit einer Sensitivität von 92.9%, jedoch nur Spezifität von 87.8%.Diese ungenauen Ergebnisse wiederspiegeln die Schwierigkeit eine S.stercoralis Infektion zu diagnostizieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass kein Verfahren als Standardverfahren, um eine Infektion zu diagnostizieren, in Nordtansania, implementiert werden kann. Somit kann man zusammenfassend sagen, dass alle Patienten die eine ART beginnen prophylaktisch gegen S. stercoralis behandelt werden sollten. Zumindest die, die eine TBC Koinfektion haben und auf die das Risikoprofil zutrifft

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Detect the Difference'

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