Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Détection millimétrique'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 16 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Détection millimétrique.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Diao, Pape Sanoussy. "Système de détection embarqué ULB millimétrique pour la perception de l'environnement." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2005/document.
Full textWith the current context of security challenges, small objects detection is becoming a major issue in the fight against malicious acts. However, developments in millimeter-band technologies and the potential of these bands, particularly around 60 GHz, can facilitate the design of increasingly efficient systems to meet these challenges. This thesis is part of this context to propose an ultra-wideband (UWB) millimeter-wave detection system for short-range applications.After a detailed state-of-the-art of the fundamentals of detection, we present a validation of the radar cross-section (RCS) estimation by simulations with HFSS software and by measurements in anechoic chamber. These two studies allowed us to identify the essential elements for system analysis and the critical parameters for the detection of canonical objects such as cylinders and plates.Once the system analysis was identified, we proposed a multi-band detection approach based on monostatic radar to improve the detection coverage of the systems, but also and especially to overcome the limitation of objects detection according to their orientation in relation to the antenna boresight. We also proposed a simple architecture (transceiver) that could be associated with the detection principle. The system design allowed us to identify low noise amplifiers (LNAs) as critical elements of the receiver and thus establish their specifications to achieve the targeted performances.A comparison of IHP's SG13S and OMMIC's D007IH technologies is conducted in the last part of this work. The choice of technology is justified and the design of LNAs under ADS Keysight is detailed. A simulation of the entire system based on the performance of the designed LNAs and RCS simulations is presented to illustrate the implementation of detection. Finally, detection performances are evaluated for cylindrical targets and the contributions of the proposed system are illustrated in comparison with conventional single-band detection
Nguyen, Truc Phong. "Radar de détection de petits objets au sol : vers un système d'imagerie millimétrique." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE4050.
Full textIn the last decade, microwave and millimeter-wave system have found u=increasing commercial applications and gained importance in comfort and security applications like in automotive radar sensors in the 77 GHz frequency range. Such sensors are equipped with narrow beam antennas for a good lateral resolution and a reasonably high bandwidth for a high range resolution. Detection range for automotive applications presently is 200-250 m, but in some projects much higher detection distances have been demonstrated with increased transmitter power and higher gain antennas. Due to an increasing maturity and availability of circuits and components for such systems, other applications are within the range of realization. In the proposed thesis, sensor systems, for obstacle objects on the ground shall be investigated. A possible application is the debris detection on airport runways. A basic motivation for this is the fatal accident with a Concorde aircraft a few years ago due to a metal part lost by an aircraft on the runway some time before. An imaging radar sensor at sufficiently high frequency shall be able to detect relatively small pieces of metal, concrete, stone, or even plastic on an otherwise quite flat surface. Based on frequency range between 76 GHz and 81 GHz is selected for the investigations. A complex antenna system is developed. It is based on the use of a reflect array with a squared cosecant beam in elevation and a focused one in azimuth
Chamseddine, Ahmad. "Conception et réalisation d'un système d'imagerie passive temps réel à détection directe en gamme millimétrique." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-267.pdf.
Full textGeissbuehler, Simon. "Prototype de polarimètre micro-onde portable pour la détection à distance des températures de brillance." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1583.
Full textMillet, Nicolas. "Cavité résonnante pour la détection polarimétrique d'objets diélectriques dans le domaine des ondes millimétriques." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066635.
Full textNsengiyumva, Florence. "Contribution à la détection d’objets sur pistes d’aéroport (FOD) par tomographie millimétrique en bande W et polarimétrie." Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE4041/document.
Full textMillimeter-wave radar systems in W-band (75-110 GHz) are booming, due to advances in integrated circuits, allowing the fabrication of low-cost and high-resolution compact systems, thanks to the short wavelength. First, these systems were used for detecting and localizing purposes, with the aim of identification. Thus, imaging radar systems have been developed, especially using qualitative imaging, based for example, on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). Nevertheless, in order to reconstruct the electromagnetic properties of objects, for a complete identification, we must develop quantitative reconstruction algorithms. The work presented in this manuscript is to give the basis of a qualitative and quantitative millimeter wave imaging system for detecting and identifying foreign debris on airport runways using tomography, taking into account the polarization of the incident wave. In this thesis, a simulation tool for solving forward and inverse problems, for the two-dimensional polarization cases 2D-TM and 2D-TE, based on the method of moments (MoM) has been developed. The first step was to study the validation of the direct problem by comparing numerical results with analytical solutions for canonical targets. Then, experimental measurements have ben carried out and compared with numerical results. Finally, reconstruction results obtained have validated the reconstruction algorithm developed for quantitative imaging
Maazi, Mostafa. "Conception et réalisation de systèmes en gamme millimétrique pour l'évaluation non destructive : application à la restauration de profils et d'images d'objets enfouis." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-9.pdf.
Full textSangaré, Aboubacar Demba Paul. "Analyses des potentialités des diodes de type Self Switching Diode à base de nitrure de Gallium pour les applications d’émission et de détection en gamme de fréquence millimétrique et submillimétrique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10033/document.
Full textThe field of Terahertz Science and Technology is gaining international interest due to its numerous applications ranging from ultra high speed optical transmission systems to medical diagnosys, industrial quality control and security-screening tools. In this field, the efforts of electronics industry are centered on device scaling down to the nanometer range to increase the operational speed.The THz range is an intermediate range of wavelengths that will open a new area of systems directly related to information and communication technologies, significantly extending the present ones based on photonic and electronic devices. Thus, solid-state THz devices can be either considered as belonging to both fields or to none of them. Indeed the wide application area of THz for astronomy, environment, communications, imaging, security, biology and medicine could lead to define the THz range as a specific scientific, engineering and application field. Molecular spectroscopy is very important for astronomy (analysis of the interstellar gas, planetary observations), environment (pollution monitoring), etc. For telecommunications, secure local communications (through high attenuation outside the targeted area) with ultrahigh data rates will be possible. Imaging is an important application for security (weapon and illicit material detection), biology and medicine. The emergence of novel functional THz devices will be of immense interest for all those applications. One of the bottlenecks for the practical development of THz applications is the fabrication of room temperature (RT), continuous wave, compact, tunable and powerful sources (at low cost, if possible). For this sake, in the framework of the EU funded project ROOTHz, we propose to exploit THz Gunn oscillations in novel wide bandgap semiconductor nanodevices, which have been predicted by simulations but not experimentally confirmed yet, the Self Switching Diode (SSD). By breaking the symmetry of a narrow channel, SSD can provide a rectifying behaviour (based on surface and electrostatic effects) and using high-mobility material systems their operation frequency as detectors can approach the THz range at RT. Interestingly, the special geometry of SSDs also benefits the onset of Gunn oscillations.During this thesis, studies on Gallium nitride SSDs have been performed in order to evaluate their potentialities as emitters and detectors in the THz frequency range
Nguyen, Binh Duong. "Étude et réalisation d'antennes millimétriques pour radar de détection d'obstacles." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE4023.
Full textThis report is dedicated to the design and the fabrication of a millimeter antenna for obstacle detection and collision avoidance radar and working at 94 GHz, application to power lines detection for helicopter. The characteristic requirements of antenna are : high gain, narrow beam width, low profile and low cost. The solution is to use a printed reflector illuminated by a low directive primary source. First, the work is concentred in the design of an antenna as primary source, fed by waveguide WR-10. This antenna should satisfy the good characteristics (low reflection coefficient, similar radiation pattern in the E and H planes and low shadower) and feasibility fabrication. The second work focuses on the design of a printer reflector satisfied the radar requirements, also the simplicity of fabrication. The key of such reflector resides in the capacity to find elementary patch constitutive of this one, they allow to obtain a phase range as broad as possible while assuring a suitable sensitivity to the tolerances of manufacture. For this reason, we use a thick substrate and elements of circular, annular form or overlapping. The range of reflection phase reaches over 360°. The compensation of phase delay is carried out by Fresnel zones. The antenna reflector is combined one full zone of 8 Fresnel zones in its center and the zones of 4 Fresnel zones in its periphery. Then, in order to reduce the profile of this system, we propose another solution based on the association of a grid polarizing and a reflector turning its polarization of 90°. The new reflector is obtained by a small modification of the basic patch. The annular patch is cut to be a patch of C. Finally, series of measurement were carried out to valid the design of reflectors suggested. The preliminary results showed good radioelectric performances as well as the satisfaction of radar requirements. The Fresnel zone reflector antenna of 8+4 Fresnel zones has an aperture efficiency of 34 % for a diameter of 130 mm and a focus length of 70 mm. The effectiveness of the double reflector antenna with same diameter but of focal distance of 35 mm, it is a little lower than the reflectors initial. Thanks to the compactness and solidity, the double reflector antenna is a very good candidate to be the antenna of obstacle detection radar
D'addabbo, Antonio. "Applications of Kinetic Inductance Detectors to Astronomy and Particle Physics." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY064/document.
Full textKinetic Inductance Detectors (KID) have recently drawn the attention of the low-temperature detectors community. High sensitivity, low fabrication complexity, small time constant and most notably the intrinsic capability of frequency multiplexed readout open new possibilities for experiments which need large format arrays of ultra sensitive light detectors. In millimeter Astronomy, the New IRAM KID Array (NIKA) instrument is today the most beautiful demonstration of this statement. It is a two bands hundreds-pixels KID based camera permanently installed at the focal plane of the IRAM 30-m telescope of Pico Veleta (Granada, Spain). Thanks to the NIKA observational campaign, we have de nitively demonstrated performances comparable to the state-of-art of bolometers and the instrument is today opened to the astronomers community. This encourages further array scaling and opens the path to next generation kilo-pixels ground-based cameras, like NIKA-2. Moreover, the will to extend KID technology to space mission needs the interaction with cosmic rays to be investigated. The understanding of the physics behind substrate-higher energy particles interactions led us to implement a fully independent system for the phonon-mediated particle detection with KID arrays. The work carried out through this PhD thesis concerned the development of optimized Lumped Element Kinetic Inductance Detectors (LEKID) and the implementation of dedicated readout techniques for the aforementioned activities
Demuynck, Claire. "Etude en ondes millimétriques et submillimétriques d'espèces réactives : détection d'ions et de radicaux libres au laboratoire et dans le milieu interstellaire." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10062.
Full textForest, Jeremie. "Architecture robuste avec ajustement de fréquence centrale et détection de phase et de tension pour des amplificateurs autonomes de puissance à base de coupleur hybride aux fréquences millimétriques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0027.
Full textCommunications based on beamforming concept require the design of complexsystems using a large number of radio frequency (RF) front-end modules. For theefficient performance of the system, each element must be able to be in its optimalworking zone, which must also be the case for the power amplifier (PA) whose linearity and power depend on the output matching. The amplifier's load impedance, which corresponds to one of the radiating elements of the antenna array, can vary according to its environment (VSWR) and deteriorate the overall performance of the system. In the end, the signal distributed on each antenna to form the global beam must be controlled in phase and amplitude to guarantee the quality of the communication.In this context, the thesis works are related to the new topologies’ research, asthe development of elementary blocks, to create a new power amplifier architecturewhich will be robust to its environment variations. One of the main challenges iscontrolling the phase of the PA and maintaining its RF performances according to themanufacturing process (PVT) variations. Another challenge is to achieve high efficiency PA, while maintaining very good linearity, which is a break with the traditional high efficiency/good linearity trade. In such conditions, the phase control of the PA is a major advantage.A first step in his work consists in proposing a global approach to the PA designin its environment and thus quantifying the impact of the phased-array antennaimpedance variations on the power amplifier RF performances (gain, phase shift). Once the sensitive points have been identified, several PA architectures have been considered to address the problem (s).A first solution with a stand-alone PA improves the robustness against the VSWRantenna variations. Several PA topologies derived from this solution then do it possibleto address the new problems of phase control and fine-tuning of the operatingfrequency. These PA architectures integrating the new concepts developed during thisthesis were implemented in 130nm SiGe and 65nm CMOS-SOI technologies fromSTMicroelectronics. The measurement results validate the architecture of the selfcontained PA with the operating frequency fine-tuning and the phase/voltage detection.This design approach is not limited to 5G communications and can be easilyextended to other frequencies and for other applications such as satellitecommunications (SATCOM). It is not dependent on the silicon technology choice and can be used for other RF circuits such as low noise amplifiers
Azevedo, Goncalves João Carlos. "Développement de bancs de caractérisation pour la mesure de bruit et la détection de puissance entre 130 GHz et 320 GHz." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I116.
Full textThanks to advances in silicon technologies, it is now possible to design complex circuits in the millimeter frequency band above 110 GHz. The design of these systems relies on the use of accurate and reliable models of passive and active devices such as MOS or bipolar transistors. In order to ensure the validity of these models above 110 GHz, it is necessary to perform measurements above 110 GHz. However, beyond this frequency, the current test bench and methods of characterization are reaching their limits. These thesis studies are fully in line with this problem related to the increasing frequency of characterization needs, whose objective is the development of characterization benches for noise and power measurement between 130 GHz and 320 GHz. The work carried out has addressed the development of a noise receiver that has enabled the characterization of noise sources developed up to 260 GHz. The last problem dealt with by this work was the development of a high frequency power detector up to 320 GHz, with a large measurement dynamic range and a sufficiently high sensitivity to ensure an accurate and reliable measurement
Khayatzadeh, Ramin. "Convergence des technologies optique et radio pour la génération dédiée aux communications aux fréquences supérieures à 60 GHz." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT074/document.
Full textThis Ph.D. investigates the radio over fiber communication systems at mm-wave frequencies higher than 60 GHz. The thesis elaborates on three crucial issues in these systems including:phase noise measurement of unstable optically generated mm-wave signals, elimination ofphase noise impact on performance of radio over fiber systems using non-coherent down conversion technique, and studying the amplitude noise impacts on performance of system based on these detectors. In the first part of this work, a new digital phase noise measurement technique is presented which is able to extract the phase noise of any unstable mm-waveoptically generated signal. This technique is able to measure the phase noise for a widerange of offset frequencies from close-in phase noise to far noise floor by adapting frequency resolution of measurement and without considering small angle approximation. In the second part, we present a radio over fiber system at mm-wave frequency based on non-coherent electrical frequency down conversion stage using an envelope detector which is robust against phase and frequency fluctuations of the optically generated carrier signal. Finally, a the oreticaland experimental study of amplitude noise impact on performance of radio over fiber systemsbased on non-coherent receivers is presented. In this study, a simulation technique based ontheory is developed which is able to determine, among different optical and electrical noise, the one which has the dominant effect on EVM results. This simulation technique is based onobserving the EVM evolution versus received optical power
Guillory, Joffray. "Radio over Fiber (RoF) for the future home area networks." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1083/document.
Full textThe evolution of the Home Area Network (HAN) is lead by the proliferation of connected devices inside the home and the deployment of high broadband access network which now allows the delivery of services that can exceed 1Gbit/s. To ensure efficient in-house exchanges, the HAN has to move rapidly toward multi-Gigabit/s connections, in particular the wireless connectivity generally preferred by the customers. Current wireless systems have limited capacities, but new radio standards delivering data-rates up to 7Gbit/s are emerging. Nevertheless, as they address the unlicensed millimeter-wave band, from 57 to 66 GHz, their radio coverage is limited to a single room. Indeed, at such frequencies, the free-space losses are high and the waves do not cross the walls. This thesis proposes to solve this problem by means of the Radio over Fiber (RoF) technology. This consists in capturing the 60GHz radio signals emitted in one room, converting them into optical signals for transmission through optical fibers, and reemitting them in another room. Thus, several RoF transducers will be installed in the home and interconnected by a suitable optical infrastructure to create systems acting at the same time as repeaters and as distribution systems. From the viewpoint of the HAN market, such systems will be competitive only if they are low cost. As a consequence, this work focuses on direct modulation with direct detection (IM-DD) at Intermediate Frequency (IF). In other words, the 60GHz signal is down-converted at a lower frequency around 5GHz before the laser modulation and up-converted to 60GHz after the photodetection. Concerning the optical fiber, silica multimode fiber (MMF) is privileged as it allows the use of low cost and largely available optoelectronic devices working at 850nm.The thesis proposes different RoF architectures, from point-to-point interconnecting two rooms to multipoint-to-multipoint acting as logical buses. After an analog characterization of the optoelectronic components, the RoF link and the domestic cable, these architectures are designed, built and characterized step by step using OFDM modulation according to existing wireless 60GHz standards. Real-time transmissions between commercial devices have also been performed to validate these architectures. Moreover, advanced RoF infrastructures are proposed. First, the RoF systems can be easily improved if the access to their optical media is managed by the radio MAC layer. This approach is therefore studied showing its feasibility. Secondly, an optical system, seen by users as a premium product, has to support the legacy home services commonly used as well as the new ones that could emerge in the future. Thus, innovative multiservice and multiformat infrastructures conveying on a unique optical cable wired IP data, broadcast terrestrial or satellite television, the 60GHz wireless connectivity, and specific formats as HDMI signals are proposed and tested
Bou, Sleiman Joyce. "Terahertz imaging and spectroscopy : application to defense and security." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0077/document.
Full textThe aim of this work is to demonstrate the potential and capabilities of terahertz technology for parcels screening and inspection to detect threats such as weapons and explosives, without the need to open the parcel.In this study, we first present terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and spectral imaging for explosives detection. Two types of explosives as well as their binary mixture is analyzed. Due to the complexity of extracting information when facing such mixtures of samples, three chemometric tools are used: principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square analysis (PLS) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The analyses are applied to terahertz spectral data and to spectral-images in order to: (i) describe a set of unknown data and identify similarities between samples by PCA; (ii) create a classification model and predict the belonging of unknown samples to each of the classes, by PLS-DA; (iii) create a model able to quantify and predict the explosive concentrations in a pure state or in mixtures, by PLS.The second part of this work focuses on millimeter wave imaging for weapon detection in parcels. Three different imaging techniques are studied: passive imaging, continuous wave (CW) active imaging and frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) active imaging. The performances, the advantages and the limitations of each of the three techniques, for parcel inspection, are exhibited. Moreover, computed tomography is applied to each of the three techniques to visualize data in 3D and inspect parcels in volume. Thus, a special tomography algorithm is developed by taking in consideration the Gaussian propagation of the wave