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1

KAMJOO, Maryam NASER, and Ali NAZEMI. "VAL34LEU POLYMORPHISM DETECTION BY REAL TIME PCR ASSAY USING." / International Journal of Health Services Research and Policy 1, no. 1 (January 29, 2016): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.23884/ijhsrp.2016.1.1.02.

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Kang, Won, Sang-Bum Park, Youn-Hyoung Nam, Young-Chang An, Sang-Hyun Lee, Won-Cheoul Jang, Su-Min Park, Jong-Wan Kim, and Song-Chun Chong. "Detection of Hepatitis B Virus Using Micro-PCR and Real-Time PCR Methods." Journal of the Korean Chemical Society 51, no. 1 (February 20, 2007): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5012/jkcs.2007.51.1.036.

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3

Navarro, E., G. Serrano-Heras, M. J. Castaño, and J. Solera. "Real-time PCR detection chemistry." Clinica Chimica Acta 439 (January 2015): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2014.10.017.

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Gospodinović, Hristina, Ljiljana Pavlović, Marija Obradović, Sanja Dimitrijević, Sofija Jovanović, and Edita Grego. "Detection of high-risk HPV genotypes using Real-time PCR." Glasnik javnog zdravlja 96, no. 4 (2022): 416–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/serbjph2204416g.

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Discovery of the causal relationship between the human papilloma virus and cervical cancer formation increased the significance of the real-time PCR in HPV diagnostics. Based on evidence showing that they caused cervical cancer, 14 HPV types have been classified as carcinogenic (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68). This study analysed cervical smears taken from female patients, aged 19 to 25 years, using the Viasure diagnostic test for the detection of high-risk HPV genotypes and individual identification of HPV genotypes 16 and 18. A total of 110 cervical smears were analysed and 44 positive samples were detected (40%). DNA analysis of the positive samples found the following distribution of the HPV types: 27% HPV (31, 39, 56); 22% HPV (52, 59, 68); 18% HPV16; 13% HPV (33, 45, 51); 12% HPV (35, 58, 66); 8% HPV18. This study and the high positivity rate it found indicate that there is a lack of awareness among the youth on the measures of prevention, as well as a lack of understanding of HPV infection.
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5

Abdulina, D. R. "DETECTION OF SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA FROM VARIOUS ECOTOPES BY REAL-TIME PCR." Biotechnologia Acta 13, no. 2 (April 2020): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/biotech13.02.038.

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6

Poltronieri, P., M. D. de Blasi, and D. Urso OF. "Detection of Listeria monocytogenes through real-time PCR and biosensor methods." Plant, Soil and Environment 55, No. 9 (October 14, 2009): 363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/139/2009-pse.

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<I>Listeria monocytogenes</I> is a foodborne pathogen causing listeriosis, especially in sensitive individuals such as children, pregnant women and persons with compromised immune systems. This pathogen has been isolated from different food products, but milk products surely play a major role in the epidemiology of this foodborne disease. Identification traditionally involved culture methods based on selective enrichment and plating followed by the characterization of <I>Listeria</I> spp. based on colony morphology, sugar fermentation and haemolytic properties. These methods are the gold standard, but in the last years more rapid tests were developed based on antibodies (ELISA) or molecular techniques (PCR or DNA hybridization). More recently, molecular methods were developed that target RNA rather than DNA, such as RT-PCR, real time PCR or nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA). In this review, real-time PCR assays, protein chip methods and label-free SPR immunosensors were compared for their application in bacterial detection.
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7

Ahrberg, Christian D., Bojan Robert Ilic, Andreas Manz, and Pavel Neužil. "Handheld real-time PCR device." Lab on a Chip 16, no. 3 (2016): 586–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5lc01415h.

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World's smallest, fully autonomous, handheld real-time PCR was shown in this contribution. The device can quickly process up to four samples at a time with detection capability of a single DNA copy. The fully integrated system includes all required electronics for fluorescence measurement, data viewing (LCD display) and processing, and is ideal for use in small clinics and point-of-care applications.
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8

Nitsche, Andreas, Mathias Büttner, Sonja Wilhelm, Georg Pauli, and Hermann Meyer. "Real-Time PCR Detection of Parapoxvirus DNA,." Clinical Chemistry 52, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2005.060335.

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Abstract Background: Detection of parapoxviruses is important in various animals as well as in humans as zoonotic infections. Reliable detection of parapoxviruses is fundamental for the exclusion of other rash-causing illnesses, for both veterinarians and medical practitioners. To date, however, no real-time PCR assay for the detection of parapoxviruses has been reported. Methods: A minor groove binder–based quantitative real-time PCR assay targeting the B2L gene of parapoxviruses was developed on the ABI Prism and the LightCycler platforms. Results: The real-time PCR assay successfully amplified DNA fragments from a total of 41 parapoxvirus strains and isolates representing the species orf virus, bovine papular stomatitis virus, pseudocowpoxvirus, and sealpoxvirus. Probit analysis gave a limit of detection of 4.7 copies per assay (95% confidence interval, 3.7–6.8 copies per reaction). Scabs contain a sufficient amount of parapoxvirus DNA and can therefore be used for PCR without any DNA preparation step. No cross-reactivity to human, bovine, or sheep genomic DNA or other DNA viruses, including orthopoxviruses, molluscum contagiosum viruses, and yaba-like disease viruses, was observed. Conclusion: The presented assay is suitable for the detection of parapoxvirus infections in clinical material of human and animal origin.
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MENDOZA-ROMERO, LUIS, EDWARD L. C. VERKAAR, PAUL H. SAVELKOUL, ARNOLD CATSBURG, HENK J. M. AARTS, JAAP B. BUNTJER, and JOHANNES A. LENSTRA. "Real-Time PCR Detection of Ruminant DNA." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 3 (March 1, 2004): 550–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.3.550.

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To control the spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, several DNA methods have been described for the detection of the species origin of meat and bone meal. Most of these methods are based on the amplification of a mitochondrial DNA segment. We have developed a semiquantitative method based on real-time PCR for detection of ruminant DNA, targeting an 88-bp segment of the ruminant short interspersed nuclear element Bov-A2. This method is specific for ruminants and is able to detect as little as 10 fg of bovine DNA. Autoclaving decreased the amount of detectable DNA, but positive signals were observed in feeding stuff containing 10% bovine material if this had not been rendered in accordance with the regulations, i.e., heated at 134°C for 3 instead of 20 min.
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10

Mullah, Bashar, Paul Wyatt, Junko Stevens, Alex Andrus, and Kenneth J. Livak. "Automated real-time PCR detection and quantitation." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 61, s1 (1996): 287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc1996s287.

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11

Kim, Seung-Han, and Oh-Hun Kwon. "Detection of Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides by Real Time PCR." Research in Plant Disease 14, no. 3 (December 1, 2008): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/rpd.2008.14.3.219.

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12

Aeschbacher, S., E. Santschi, V. Gerber, H. Stalder, and R. Zanoni. "Development of a real-time RT-PCR for detection of equine influenza virus." Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 157, no. 4 (April 5, 2015): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.17236/sat00015.

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13

Kaur, Jaspreet, and Jaswinder Singh. "Comparison of Real time PCR and Conventional PCR for Detection of HLA-B27 in Suspected Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients." SSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences 5, no. 4 (July 4, 2019): 2355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ssr-iijls.2019.5.4.4.

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14

Nam, Youn-Hyoung, Young-Chang Ahn, Su-Min Park, Min-Ho Cho, Jae-Won Seo, Il-Kyu Yoon, Sang-Bum Park, and Jong-Gyu Kim. "Comparison of Chip-Base Real-Time PCR and Tube-Base Real-Time PCR Methods for Detection of B. cereus." Journal of the Korean Chemical Society 52, no. 2 (April 20, 2008): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5012/jkcs.2008.52.2.203.

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15

CHENG, CHORNG-MING, TARA DORAN, WEN LIN, KAI-SHUN CHEN, DONNA WILLIAMS-HILL, and RUIQING PAMBOUKIAN. "Interlaboratory Validation for a Real-Time PCR Salmonella Detection Method Using the ABI 7500 FAST Real-Time PCR System." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 6 (June 1, 2015): 1119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-244.

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Sixteen FERN (Food Emergency Response Network) member laboratories collaborated in this study to verify extension of the real-time PCR Salmonella detection method originally designed for the single-tube Cepheid SmartCycler II and validated against the Salmonella method of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Bacteriological Analytical Manual to the Applied Biosystems (ABI) 7500 FAST Real-Time PCR system multiwell plate platform. Four foods were selected for this study: chili powder, soft cheese, fish, and tomatoes; these foods represent products that are commonly analyzed for the presence of Salmonella for regulatory purposes. Each food consisted of six uninoculated control samples, six samples inoculated with low Salmonella levels (target 1 to 5 CFU/25 g), and six samples inoculated with high levels (target 10 to 50 CFU/25 g). All samples were tested for Salmonella using the 24-h quantitative PCR (qPCR) method for detecting Salmonella, which utilizes modified buffered peptone water as the sole enrichment medium and an internal control for the qPCR. Each of these 18 samples was individually analyzed for Salmonella by the collaborating laboratories using both the ABI 7500 FAST system (alternative method) and the SmartCycler II system (reference method). Statistical analysis of the data revealed no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05) between these two qPCR platforms except for the chili powder samples. The differences noted with chili powder (P = 0.0455) were attributed to the enhanced sensitivity of the ABI 7500 FAST system compared with the SmartCycler II system. The detection limit of both qPCR methods was 0.02 to 0.15 CFU/g. These results provide a solid basis for extending the 24-h qPCR Salmonella method to the ABI 7500 FAST system for high-throughput detection of Salmonella in foods.
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16

Lee, Jae Il, and In Seop Kim. "TaqMan Probe Real-Time PCR for Quantitative Detection of Mycoplasma during Manufacture of Biologics." KSBB Journal 29, no. 5 (October 30, 2014): 361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7841/ksbbj.2014.29.5.361.

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17

Ahn, Young-Chang, Min-Ho Cho, Il-Kyu Yoon, Duck-Hyun Jung, Eun-Young Lee, Jin-Ho Kim, and Won-Cheoul Jang. "Detection of Salmonella Using the Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification and Real-time PCR." Journal of the Korean Chemical Society 54, no. 2 (April 20, 2010): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5012/jkcs.2010.54.02.215.

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18

Zhang, Wenju, Yulei Zhao, Qingjin Xu, and Qin Chen. "Development of a triplex real-time PCR for simultaneous detection of allergenic ingredients in processed food." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 36, No. 1 (February 28, 2018): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/28/2017-cjfs.

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SYBR Green real-time or quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) is a suitable system in which to establish a multiplex method to detect allergenic ingredients in food. In this study, a triplex Q-PCR method was developed to detect trace amounts of peanut, soybean and sesame in processed food. Specific PCR primer sets were designed and the concentration of the primers used in the triplex PCR was optimised. The triplex method showed high specificity and sensitivity which were similar to those of the simplex method, and it was applied for the detection of allergenic ingredients in commercially available processed food. The results demonstrate that the developed triplex Q-PCR is a quick, reliable and efficient method for the detection of allergenic ingredients in processed food.
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19

Si, Chen, Huang Kun-Lun, Xu Wen-Tao, Li Yuan, and Luo Yun-Bo. "Real-time quantitative PCR detection ofEscherichia coliO157:H7." Chinese Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology 4, no. 1 (April 2007): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479236207001349.

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AbstractA rapid and accurate real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) method with SYBR Green I was established for detectingEscherichia coliO157:H7. A pair of primers were designed to amplify theeaegene. The dissociation curves showed that the amplification product was very specific. The optimal conditions and standard curve were established. The result indicated that real-time PCR was 1000 times more sensitive than ordinary PCR.
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20

Fossey, Sallyanne C., Andrea Ferreira-Gonzalez, Carleton T. Garrett, Catherine I. Dumur, and Cindy L. Vnencak-Jones. "BCRABL Transcript Detection by Quantitative Real-Time PCR." Molecular Diagnosis 9, no. 4 (2005): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00066982-200509040-00004.

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21

Shively, L., L. Chang, J. M. LeBon, Q. Liu, A. D. Riggs, and J. Singer-Sam. "Real-Time PCR Assay for Quantitative Mismatch Detection." BioTechniques 34, no. 3 (March 2003): 498–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/03343st01.

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22

CAO, Jijuan, Jingquan LI, Qiuyue ZHENG, and Junyi XU. "Specific Real-time PCR Detection of Monkfish Ingredients." Food Science and Technology Research 19, no. 5 (2013): 759–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/fstr.19.759.

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23

Marien, A., F. Debode, C. Aerts, C. Ancion, F. Francis, and G. Berben. "Detection of Hermetia illucens by real-time PCR." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 4, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2017.0069.

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Insects are rich in proteins and could be an alternative source of macronutrients to feed animals and humans. Over the past few years, numerous companies have started producing insects for feed purposes. In Europe, the processed animal proteins obtained from seven insect species have been authorised for aquaculture by Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/893 since 1 July 2017. Methods of authentication are required to check the conformity of the products. In this study, we propose a real-time PCR method for the specific detection of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.), one of the most widely used insects for feed production. The developed PCR assays amplify a 67 bp fragment based on the mitochondrial COX3 gene coding for subunit 3 of the cytochrome c oxidase. The qualitative method was tested according to several performance criteria. The specificity was tested against 51 insect species. The specificity was also checked against plant species and other animal species such as crustaceans, mammals and birds. The sensitivity, efficiency and robustness of the PCR test were successfully tested. The applicability of the test was proven through the analysis of real-life processed samples (industrial meals) of H. illucens.
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Koo, Seul-Bit-Na, Hyeon-Gyu Chi, Ji-Sung Park, Jong-Dae Kim, Chan-Young Park, Yu-Seop Kim, and Deuk-Ju Lee. "Multiple Camera Fluorescence Detection for Real-Time PCR." Engineering Proceedings 6, no. 1 (May 17, 2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/i3s2021dresden-10074.

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The general polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies DNA and analyzes the amplification results of the quantified DNA. Recently, real-time PCR has been developed to detect DNA amplification in various ways. The conventional camera-based system is too expensive and difficult to reduce device size. In this paper, we propose a low-cost, compact fluorescence detection system for real-time PCR systems using an open platform camera. To simplify the optics, four low-cost small cameras were fixedly placed, and the entire tube was divided into four quadrants to minimize the field of view. In addition, an effective image processing method was used to compensate. The proposed system measured the fluorescence detection performance on the basis of the amount of DNA using various fluorescent substances.
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Cubero, J., M. A. Ayllón, I. Gell, P. Melgarejo, A. De Cal, P. M. Martín-Sánchez, R. M. Pérez-Jiménez, C. Soria, E. Segundo, and I. Larena. "DETECTION OF STRAWBERRY PATHOGENS BY REAL-TIME PCR." Acta Horticulturae, no. 842 (August 2009): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2009.842.44.

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26

Arkhipova, A. L., A. V. Babii, and S. N. Kovalchuk. "Real-time PCR for detection of Anaplasma marginale." Veterinaria i kormlenie, no. 4 (July 2019): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2019-4-3.

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27

Lin, Mei-Hui, Tse-Ching Chen, Tseng-tong Kuo, Ching-Chung Tseng, and Ching-Ping Tseng. "Real-Time PCR for Quantitative Detection ofToxoplasma gondii." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 11 (2000): 4121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.11.4121-4125.2000.

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The protozoan Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most common infectious pathogenic parasites and can cause severe medical complications in infants and immunocompromised individuals. We report here the development of a real-time PCR-based assay for the detection of T. gondii. Oligonucleotide primers and a fluorescence-labeled TaqMan probe were designed to amplify the T. gondii B1 gene. After 40 PCR cycles, the cycle threshold values (CT) indicative of the quantity of the target gene were determined. Typically, a CT of 25.09 was obtained with DNA from 500 tachyzoites of the T. gondii RH strain. The intra-assay coefficients of variation (CV) were 0.4, 0.16, 0.24, and 0.79% for the four sets of quadruplicate assays, with a mean interassay CV of 0.4%. These values indicate the reproducibility of this assay. Upon optimization of assay conditions, we were able to obtain a standard curve with a linear range (correlation coefficient = 0.9988) across at least 6 logs of DNA concentration. Hence, we were able to quantitatively detect as little as 0.05 T. gondii tachyzoite in an assay. When tested with 30 paraffin-embedded fetal tissue sections, 10 sections (33%) showed a CT of <40 and were scored as positive for this test. These results were consistent with those obtained through our nested-PCR control experiments. We have developed a rapid, sensitive, and quantitative real-time PCR for detection of T. gondii. The advantages of this technique for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in a clinical laboratory are discussed.
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Leigh, S. A., and J. D. Evans. "Detection of Mycoplasma gallinarum by Real-Time PCR." International Journal of Poultry Science 8, no. 2 (January 15, 2009): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2009.108.111.

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29

Klaschik, Sven, Lutz E. Lehmann, Malte Book, Andreas Hoeft, and Frank Stuber. "FAST DETECTION OF MRSA BY REAL-TIME PCR." Critical Care Medicine 32, Supplement (December 2004): A151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-200412001-00537.

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30

Hu, Y., and I. Arsov. "Nested real-time PCR for hepatitis A detection." Letters in Applied Microbiology 49, no. 5 (November 2009): 615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.2009.02713.x.

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31

Hata, D. J., S. P. Buckwalter, B. S. Pritt, G. D. Roberts, and N. L. Wengenack. "Real-Time PCR Method for Detection of Zygomycetes." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 46, no. 7 (May 14, 2008): 2353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.02331-07.

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32

Nonnenmacher, Claudia, Alexander Dalpke, Reinier Mutters, and Klaus Heeg. "Quantitative detection of periodontopathogens by real-time PCR." Journal of Microbiological Methods 59, no. 1 (October 2004): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2004.06.006.

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33

Gubala, Aneta J. "Multiplex real-time PCR detection of Vibrio cholerae." Journal of Microbiological Methods 65, no. 2 (May 2006): 278–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2005.07.017.

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34

Schirm, Jurjen, Petra A. J. Bos, Irene K. Roozeboom-Roelfsema, Dirk S. Luijt, and Lieke V. Möller. "Trichomonas vaginalis detection using real-time TaqMan PCR." Journal of Microbiological Methods 68, no. 2 (February 2007): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2006.08.002.

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35

Fossey, Sallyanne C., Andrea Ferreira-Gonzalez, Carleton T. Garrett, Catherine I. Dumur, and Cindy L. Vnencak-Jones. "BCRABL Transcript Detection by Quantitative Real-Time PCR." Molecular Diagnosis 9, no. 4 (December 2005): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03260090.

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36

Buckley, Cameron, Ella Trembizki, Basil Donovan, Marcus Chen, Kevin Freeman, Rebecca Guy, Monica M. Lahra, et al. "Real-time PCR detection ofNeisseria gonorrhoeaesusceptibility to penicillin." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 71, no. 11 (July 25, 2016): 3090–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkw291.

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37

Hänsel, C., K. Mertens, M. C. Elschner, and F. Melzer. "Novel real-time PCR detection assay forBrucella suis." Veterinary Record Open 2, no. 1 (April 2015): e000084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreco-2014-000084.

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Chagas, Sérgio Salla, Rodrigo Almeida Vaucher, and Adriano Brandelli. "Detection of Paenibacillus larvae by Real-Time PCR." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 38, no. 3 (June 27, 2018): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.17058.

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39

Bar, T. "Kinetic Outlier Detection (KOD) in real-time PCR." Nucleic Acids Research 31, no. 17 (September 1, 2003): 105e—105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gng106.

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40

Hata, D. J., S. P. Buckwalter, B. S. Pritt, G. D. Roberts, and N. L. Wengenack. "Real-Time PCR Method for Detection of Zygomycetes." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 46, no. 11 (October 30, 2008): 3873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01552-08.

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41

Hossain, Md Walid, Mohabbat Hossain, Khalid Arafath, Subarna Sayed Ety, Md Mahade Hasan Shetu, Mazbahul Kabir, Farjana Akther Noor, and Kaiissar Mannoor. "Real-Time fast PCR amplification using designated and conventional real time thermal cycler systems: COVID-19 perspective." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 20, 2022): e0276464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276464.

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The study aimed to shorten multiplex RT-PCR run time for detection of SARS CoV-2 N1 and N2 sequences and human RNase P (RP) sequence as internal mRNA control using conventional and designated real time thermal cycler systems. Optimization of Fast PCR protocol using plasmid-based N1 and N2 positive control and synthetic version of human RP was done on Applied Biosystems (ABI) QuantStudioTM5 (conventional), ABI 7500 Fast Dx (designated), and CFX96 Touch Real Time Detection System, Bio-Rad (conventional). Finally, a performance evaluation of Fast PCR was performed in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and precision. For a 40-cycle PCR with optimized Fast PCR protocols on QuantStudioTM5, ABI 7500 Fast Dx, and CFX96 Touch (conventional), standard/regular versus Fast PCR run times (min) were 84 vs. 49, 96 vs. 48, and 103 vs. 61, thereby saving 35, 48, and 43 min, respectively. For each thermal cycler, Standard and Fast PCR generated identical shapes of fluorescence curves, Ct values, and (3) R2 (0.95 to 0.99) for 5 10-log dilution panels of each positive control. The fast PCR approach generated results with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Median test comparisons between standard PCR and Fast PCR Cts of COVID-19 samples did not produce significance (p>0.5), suggesting that Fast PCR and Standard PCR were comparable. Also, the median and mean of each target had closely-related values, further suggesting that the two approaches were comparable. That is, there is an equivalency between Conventional and Fast PCR instruments for detection of COVID-19.
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42

Bustin, S. A., V. Benes, T. Nolan, and M. W. Pfaffl. "Quantitative real-time RT-PCR – a perspective." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 34, no. 3 (June 2005): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.1.01755.

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The real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) uses fluorescent reporter molecules to monitor the production of amplification products during each cycle of the PCR reaction. This combines the nucleic acid amplification and detection steps into one homogeneous assay and obviates the need for gel electrophoresis to detect amplification products. Use of appropriate chemistries and data analysis eliminates the need for Southern blotting or DNA sequencing for amplicon identification. Its simplicity, specificity and sensitivity, together with its potential for high throughput and the ongoing introduction of new chemistries, more reliable instrumentation and improved protocols, has made real-time RT-PCR the benchmark technology for the detection and/or comparison of RNA levels.
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43

Puspita, Oktania Sandra, Andi Yasmon, and Beti Ernawati Dewi. "Optimizing Real-Time PCR methods for detection of ssaN gene Salmonella enterica subsp.enterica in the blood specimen." Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 6, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jbtr.v6i2.7120.

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Background Typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi is a common acute infection of the reticuloendothelial system, intestinal lymphoid tissue, and gall bladder. Detection of Salmonella spp. is still based on cultures and serological methods.Widal test is one of the serological tests that is still widely used, especially in developing countries including Indonesia.Widal tests have low sensitivity and specificity. They often produce false positive or false negative results.ObjectiveThe aim of this study were i) real time PCR optimization to develop a Salmonella enterica detection system. ii) molecular detection of new target gene (ssaN gene) from blood specimens in typhoid fever patients.Methods An experimental laboratory study was performed from March to October 2016. Extraction of Salmonella typhi DNA is used as templates for the optimization of real time PCR reaction.The blood sample was from patients suspected with typhoid fever obtained from the Menteng Sub-district Health Center according to the inclusion criteria.ResultsSpecificity test of real time PCR showed that the primers and probes used are not cross-react against other microorganisms. Sensitivity test obtained minimal detection is at least 10 cfu/ml of blood specimen. In blood clinical specimens, real time PCR could detect 19 (38%) positive samples of 50 blood specimen from suspected typhoid fever patients. Eleven samples with negative Widal serology gives positive results in real time PCR.ConclusionReal time PCR used in this study can increase the level of rate of positive testing by 22% of the total specimens.Keywords : Salmonella enterica subsp.enterica, typhoid fever, ssaN gene, real time PCR
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44

Genc, Ahmet, Fadime Eroglu, and Ismail Soner Koltas. "Detection of Plasmodium vivax by Nested PCR and Real-Time PCR." Korean Journal of Parasitology 48, no. 2 (2010): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.2.99.

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45

Sayler, Ronald J., Courtney Walker, Fiona Goggin, Paula Agudelo, and Terrence Kirkpatrick. "Conventional PCR Detection and Real-Time PCR Quantification of Reniform Nematodes." Plant Disease 96, no. 12 (December 2012): 1757–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-11-1033-re.

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Reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) is a relatively recent introduction into the continental United States that can cause major yield losses on a variety of important crops including cotton and soybeans. DNA sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of this nematode were used to design primers for conventional and real-time PCR, as well as a TaqMan probe. These primers amplified DNA of reniform nematode isolates from a wide geographic range but did not detect genetically related species or other pathogenic nematodes found in production fields including Meloidogyne incognita and Heterodera glycines. Both SYBR green and TaqMan assays reliably quantified as little as 100 fg of reniform nematode DNA, and could be used to quantify as few as five reniform nematodes. An inexpensive and rapid DNA extraction protocol for high throughput diagnostic assays is described.
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46

Zhou, Yvonne, Laima Gaidulis, Katherine Lazaruk, and David Senitzer. "116-P: Chimerism detection by real-time PCR vs STR PCR." Human Immunology 69 (October 2008): S65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2008.08.135.

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47

Cho, Hong-Bum. "Multiplex Real-Time PCR for Simultaneous Detection of 6 Periodontopathic Bacteria." Korean Journal of Microbiology 49, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7845/kjm.2013.3063.

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48

Suldina, E. V., N. A. Feoktistova, I. I. Bogdanov, and N. I. Molofeeva. "DETECTION OF ENZYME GENES OF BACTERIA OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS SPECIES BY REAL-TIME PCR." Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy 212 (December 25, 2021): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2021-4-61-65.

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Soil is a vital and valuable natural resource that sustains life on earth. Appropriate soil functioning depends on the balance of its structure and composition, as well as physical, chemical and biological properties. Often, this balance is disturbed under the influence of various abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors. Therefore, soil restoration is of great importance in order to prevent possible adverse effects on living systems and to preserve the environment for future generations. Various studies confirmed the effectiveness of introduction of rhizobacteria to improve soil fertility, increase growth and productivity of agricultural crops. Bacillus subtilis is one of the most common rhizobacteria used in agriculture. Many B. subtilis strains are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen, solubilizing phosphorus and potassium, thereby contributing to an increase in the amount of macroelements necessary for plant nutrition in soil. The aim of this work was to search for genes responsible for synthesis of phytase, nitrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase enzymes in strains of bacteria of Bacillus subtilis species by real-time PCR. To determine the presence of genes encoding the synthesis of the desired enzymes in Bacillus subtilis, an in-silico analysis of the annotated genomes of this bacterial species presented in the NCBI information database was carried out. Then the selection of primers for screening the target spots was made. According to the results of the study, 10 out of 19 isolated Bacillus subtilis strains contained all three required DNA regions responsible for synthesis of phytase, nitrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase enzymes.
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Bang, Mi-Kyung, Seung-Ju Park, Yun-Ji Kim, Ji-Gang Kim, and Se-Wook Oh. "Rapid Detection of Salmonella spp. in Fresh-Cut Cabbage by Real-Time PCR." Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 39, no. 10 (October 31, 2010): 1522–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.10.1522.

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50

Muraosa, Yasunori, Takahito Toyotome, Maki Yahiro, Akira Watanabe, Maria Aparecida Shikanai-Yasuda, and Katsuhiko Kamei. "Detection ofHistoplasma capsulatumfrom clinical specimens by cycling probe-based real-time PCR and nested real-time PCR." Medical Mycology 54, no. 4 (December 24, 2015): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myv106.

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