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Journal articles on the topic 'Detectives'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Mofokeng, Jacob Tseko. "Exploration on what constitutes an effective detective in South Africa." International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 5, no. 6 (August 11, 2022): 334–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v5i6.321.

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The purpose of this article is to contribute to the knowledge on the police detective's work practices, and account on how police general detectives view their performance and understanding regarding what skills needed to handle variety of general cases in their line of duty. The research question that directed this study is what constitutes an effective general police detective? To address this question, this study followed a qualitative ethnographic methodology with fifteen (15) general detectives. Social constructivism, utilising a purposive sampling was deemed appropriate for the nature of this study. The results produced four (4) themes that indicate that detectives' sensemaking of casework take place through two (2) principal practices: a concluding practice and supporting practice. Furthermore, the findings show that detectives' work is highly social and procedural. This suggests that detectives' work practice is of a social nature and that contacts between police investigators or detectives are important to take into account in the organisation of an investigative department.

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2

Kosovets, M. V. "THE ROLE OF PROSODY IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STRATEGY OF DIRECT QUESTIONING IN THE DETECTIVE’S SPEECH IN FILM DISCOURSE." Writings in Romance-Germanic Philology, no. 2(51) (December 19, 2023): 102–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2307-4604.2023.2(51).296824.

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The article reports on the results of experimental phonetic research aimed at identifying the prosodic characteristics of utterances manifesting the strategy of direct questioning. To unveil the prosody of direct questioning, utterances used by a police detective and an amateur detective in detective film discourse have been analysed. It has been established that tone frequency, or melodic component of prosody, is helpful in differentiating of the communicative tactics, since it has turned out to be the most varied component according to the results of auditory analysis. The results of the instrumental analysis of the police detective’s speech and the amateur detective’s speech have shown that the widest frequency range marks the communicative tactic of clarification in the police detective’s speech, and the communicative tactic of a demand to speak to the point / interruption in the amateur detective’s speech. The narrowest frequency range is characteristic of the communicative tactic of a direct questioning in the police detective’s speech and the tactic of clarification in the amateur detective’s speech. On the whole, the frequency range of the utterances manifesting communicative tactics in the amateur detective’s speech has turned out to be wider compared to those in the police detective’s speech. The analysis of the localization of the frequency maxima in different parts of sense-groups uttered by both detectives has shown that the localization fluctuations of the frequency maxima are insignificant and denote expressive coloring of the most important lexemes in the speech of both detectives.

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3

Dvojmoč, Miha, Andrej Sotlar, and Vanja Erčulj. "Private Detective Activity in Slovenia – Organisation Matters." DANUBE 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2023): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/danb-2023-0008.

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Abstract A private detective in Slovenia may perform detective activities as an independent profession or on the basis of an employment relationship for a natural or legal person with a registered private detective activity (ZDD-1, 2011). Private detectives completed a questionnaire when they attended the annual training in June 2018 – almost half of Slovenian private detectives participated in the survey. The study results show that almost half of self-employed private detectives investigate more drug abuse at work and abuse of competition clauses, while private detective agencies conduct more civil, legal, and administrative proceedings than other organisational forms. Some private detectives do not perform private detective tasks as their main activity, but as a secondary activity, and those individuals for whom private detective work is their primary/main profession mostly deliver packages, write reports and collect debtors’ data on behalf of their clients.

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4

Fadhila, Alya Khoirunnisa, and Ida Rochani Adi. "Women Detectives in Detective Fiction: A Formula Analysis on <em>Dublin Murder Squad</em> Series." Lexicon 8, no. 1 (April 7, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.73421.

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This paper studies the formulation of two women detectives in Tana French’s work, Cassie Maddox and Antoinette Conway, in the Dublin Murder Squad Series by exploring the hard-boiled fiction conventions which underlie the formulation of Tana French’s two female detectives. The objective of this study is to determine how French innovates the hard-boiled fiction conventions in the formation of her women detective characters, Cassie Maddox and Antoinette Conway. By employing formula analysis as theorized by John G. Cawelti (1976), the results of this study show that French innovates the hard-boiled formula in four aspects. First, French innovates the hard-boiled formula by expanding the concept of marginality from economic class to gender and race. The second innovation is the substitution of the hard-boiled convention which emphasizes on masculine toughness with resistance to patriarchal control. Third, French re-established the relationship between the detective and the character femme fatale. Their similarity of female experiences and perspective with the femme fatale makes these women detectives not only reveal the femme fatale as a murderer, but also the motives and scenarios behind their acts. Finally, French also innovates the antithetical nature of the hard-boiled detective’s presentation by offering a ‘feminine’ path to justice. These observations show that French’s innovations on hard-boiled conventions on her women detectives are the extensions of the women investigators in the antecedent feminist revisions of the hard-boiled stories which are heavily influenced by the second-wave feminist values. However, Tana French also inserts her own commentary on the new variants of female character shaped by the new post-feminist discourse which separates her women detectives from those in the antecedent feminist hard-boiled revision series.

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5

Zaleckis, Romualdas. "UNUSED POSSIBILITIES OF DETECTIVE ACTIVITIES." Administrative and Criminal Justice 2, no. 79 (June 30, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/acj.v2i79.2807.

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Legal regulation of Lithuanian, Latvian, Russian private detectives activities provide additional opportunities for private detectives to create added value in their practice. Special laws of the countries in question that regulate their activities, give private detectives exclusive rights to provide detective services, therefore activities of other entities in this field is considered unlawful, and carries administrative and criminal liability. Another important statutory regulatory aspect of detective activities is that detectives can be recognized by law, within certain boundaries, to legally collect information about another persons private life, which is completely forbidden for any other private individual and collecting another person's private information, caries criminal and civil liability. And so the legislator has strictly limited the amount of entities that can provide services within the scope of detective activities and the content they are allowed to handle. The author presents two types of services as an example: the search of a debtor and his assets, a person's solvency and reliability evaluation. It is recommendable to employ educational measures to expand market demand for legal services that only detectives have the right to provide.

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6

Lim, Woo-Seob, Wan-Seob Lim, and Hee-Kyun Park. "A Study on the Guarantee of Detective's Right to Secretly Follow: Focusing on the Stalking Punishment Act and the Case of Japan." Korean Society of Private Security 22, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 91–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.56603/jksps.2023.22.1.91.

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Since the revision of the 「Credit Information Use and Protection Act (hereinafter referred to as the Credit Information Act)」 in 2020, private detective work has been legally allowed in South Korea. However, the boundary between legal and illegal acts is ambiguous in private detective activities as related laws that specify the scope of the private detective's work have not been enacted. In addition, since the 「Stalking Crime Punishment Act (hereinafter referred to as the Stalking Punishment Act)」 took effect in October 2021, there have been cases in which private detectives who performed their duties through tailing techniques were punished for stalking crimes, so it is urgent to come up with related measures. This study points out the problem that even the follow-up and subsequent acts of private detectives within the scope of work can be a stalking crime. To search for solutions, this study analyzed the Japanese cases that implement the 「Act on Appropriateness of Private Detective Business (hereinafter referred to as the Japanese Detective Business Act)」 and the 「Act on the Regulation of Stalker Acts (hereinafter referred to as the Stalker Regulation Act)」. Based on this, this study reviewed the relationship between the 「Private Detective Business Management Bill (hereinafter referred to as the Detective Business Bill) pending in the National Assembly and the 「Stalking Punishment Act」 and suggested ways to improve the Private Detective Business Bill.

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7

Bettaglio, Marina. "Locuras detectivescas en La detective miope de Rosa Ribás." RAUDEM. Revista de Estudios de las Mujeres 3 (May 23, 2017): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/raudem.v3i0.625.

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Resumen: En La detective miope la escritora española Rosa Ribás lleva a cabo una inversión paródica de las normas de la literatura detectivesca al crear una investigadora privada recién salida de una institución psiquiátrica. A diferencia de los métodos deductivos empleados por eminentes detectives del siglo XIX, Irene Ricart subvierte las leyes de la lógica al resolver el enigma del brutal asesinato del que fueron víctimas su esposo y su hija. Mientras su vista se va deteriorando progresivamente, esta detective tan peculiar logra desenmascarar a los culpables del doble asesinato y acabar con los asesinos en una trama circular marcada por la locura. Questioning Rationality in Rosa Ribas’ La detective miope Abstract: In La detective miope, Spanish writer Rosa Ribás carries out a parodic inversion of the norms of detective fiction by giving voice to a private investigator, who has been recently released from a mental institution. Contrary to the deductive methods employed by eminent 19th century detectives, Ribás nearsighted private eye Irene Ricart subverts every law of logic to solve the enigma of her daughter and husband’s brutal killing. As her eyesight deteriorates, this unconventional detective unmasks a network of criminal activities, kills the killers and ends full circle in the same clinic where she originally was at the beginning of the novel.

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8

Cho, Sang Hyun. "A study on the scope of work of detectives through Delphi Survey." Korean Society of Private Security 23, no. 2 (June 30, 2024): 139–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.56603/jksps.2024.23.2.139.

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The detective system is a common system in OECD member countries, but it is not easy to find in Korea because the detective system is legally prohibited. However, with the revision of the 「Act on Use and Protection of Credit Information」 in 2020, detectives are now able to engage in commercial activities. Even though profit-making activities have become possible, in reality, no laws related to detectives have been enacted, and discussions about what kind of work detectives should perform are constantly being raised. Accordingly, this study sought to verify the tasks that detectives must perform through a Delphi survey. Delphi research can be said to be the most appropriate research method because it can predict problematic areas and future trends in detective work. In this study, major issues related to the work of detectives and the introduction of the detective system were identified among eight people. As a result of the study, the main task of a detective was to identify the whereabouts of children and adolescents who ran away from home and missing persons, and additional tasks such as factual investigation were presented as additional tasks. In addition, it was suggested that the detective system should be operated under a permission system, with the National Police Agency as the subject of management and supervision, nationally recognized qualifications as the qualification, and a training period of about 3 to 6 months entrusted by the National Police Agency. Based on these results, we attempted to suggest a policy direction for the detective system.

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9

Suárez Lafuente, Socorro. "DESARROLLO DE LAS DETECTIVES EN LA LITERATURA CONTEMPORÁNEA." RAUDEM. Revista de Estudios de las Mujeres 1 (May 22, 2017): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/raudem.v1i0.572.

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ResumenLa novela de detectives es el marco idóneo para las características arquetípicas de las mujeres. Tradicionalmente las mujeres han sido culpadas por su curiosidad, atentas siempre a la vida de los demás; se les desea silenciosas y capaces de aguantar sin perder la calma los rigores de confinamientos prolongados. Paciencia, quietud y curiosidad construyen la perfecta detective, capaz de observar en las circunstancias más adversas a los sospechosos. En Inglaterra, donde surgieron las primeras detectives literarias, éstas han nacido prácticamente con el propio género policiaco. Se analiza su devenir con referencia a las autoras más significativas a lo largo de la historia.Palabras clave: mujeres, detectives, novela inglesa, novela nórdica, novela española.English Title: Development of Women Detectives in Contemporary LiteratureAbstract: Taking into account the archetypal characteristics attributed to women, the role of detective appears to be eminently suited to them: women were traditionally considered as gossips; moreover, for centuries, men have wanted women to be quiet, calm and somewhat confined. That combination of patience, calm and curiosity makes for the perfect detective, capable of surveillance of suspects even in difficult circumstances. Women detectives surfaced in English Literature from the outset of the genre. This paper outlines their evolution and also refers to the most famous women crime writers and their fictional detectives.Key words: women, detectives, English novels, Nordic novels, Spanish novels.La novela de detectives es el marco idóneo para las características arquetípicas de las mujeres. Tradicionalmente las mujeres han sido culpadas por su curiosidad, atentas siempre a la vida de los demás; se les desea silenciosas y capaces de aguantar sin perder la calma los rigores de confinamientos prolongados. Paciencia, quietud y curiosidad construyen la perfecta detective, capaz de observar en las circunstancias más adversas a los sospechosos. En Inglaterra, donde surgieron las primeras detectives literarias, éstas han nacido prácticamente con el propio género policiaco. Se analiza su devenir con referencia a las autoras más significativas a lo largo de la historia.

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10

Zavorina, O. P., and O. V. Fomin. "Activities of Detective Units in the National Police of Ukraine: Current Status and Perspectives." Law and Safety 81, no. 2 (July 2, 2021): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/pb.2021.2.20.

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Ukrainian law enforcement agencies are undergoing a long-term transformation from a system of punitive law enforcement agencies to European-style law enforcement agencies, which should focus on providing services to the population and respecting human rights. One of the areas of the reform was the introduction of the Detective project in the National Police of Ukraine. It should be noted that detective work in Ukraine is a new type of professional activity. However, it should be noted that legal regulation of detective work of both civil servants (law enforcement detectives) and private detectives is absent in Ukraine, although in many countries around the world private detective work is legalized and benefits society. The adoption of the Law "On Private Detective Activity" will allow to establish proper state control over this type of activity at the legislative level and will legalize private detective activity, which is actually carried out, is in demand and recognized by society. However, there is an indisputable opinion in Ukraine that law enforcement activities can be performed exclusively by state structures. And the introduction and operation of private detectives will put an end to the state monopoly in this direction. However, there are also positive points: first of all, several thousand private detective agencies and private detectives must come out of the shadow, pay taxes, report to the police about criminal offenses that are being prepared or committed, provide intelligence, etc. Based on the above, we conclude that legislative regulation of such activities is required for the full work of police and private detectives, including amendments to the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Investigative Activities", departmental orders and instructions, in particular, to the Instruction on the organization of interaction of pre-trial investigative agencies with other agencies and units of the National Police of Ukraine in preventing criminal offenses. detection and investigation, approved by the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine dated from July 7, 2017, No. 575.

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11

Gray, Mary W. "The Eighth Detective (Eight Detectives) by Alex Pavesi." Mathematical Intelligencer 43, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00283-021-10046-0.

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12

Kyslyi, Anatolii, Mariia Pysmenna, Oleksandr Kolomoiets, Olena Volobuieva, and Valerii Davydenko. "Educational processes of training, retraining and advanced training of private detectives in Ukraine." Cuestiones Políticas 38, Especial (October 25, 2020): 421–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.38e.28.

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The aim of the article was to carry out a retrospective analysis of the legal acts on the legalization of private detective activities in Ukraine and, at the same time, consider the characteristics of training, retraining and advanced training of private detectives in order to to further improve legislation in this area. The subject of the study is essentially the process of training, retraining and advanced training of private detectives in Ukraine. During the research, the following scientific methods were used: dialectical method, methods of synthesis and analysis, methods of induction and deduction, statistical method, historical and legal and formal and legal methods. The peculiarities of the Law of Ukraine "On the Activity of Private Detective (Search)" were considered, its advantages and disadvantages were described. By way of conclusion, he emphasizes that the existing legal education system, introduced in civil educational institutions, is not adequate for the training of private detectives. For these and other political and legal reasons, the need to train private detectives in the system of higher education institutions with specific learning conditions in the heat of the requirements imposed by reality itself is argued.

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13

Jin, Yu Jae. "Detective Novels by Japanese Residents of Joseon: Detective Novels without Detectives." Korean Journal of Japanology 104 (August 30, 2015): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15532/kaja.2015.08.104.171.

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14

Denysiuk, Stanislav, Ivan Motyl, Inna Vartyletska, Nataliia Symonenko, and Volodymyr Korotaiev. "Foreign experience in professional development of private detectives." Cuestiones Políticas 38, Especial II (December 8, 2020): 536–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.382e.40.

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The objective of the article is to analyze international experience in the professional development of private detectives, in order to implement some positive aspects in Ukrainian law. The methodological basis of the research was articulated in a set of general and special scientific methods of scientific knowledge, a saber: historical comparative method and legal method, dialectic, induction method, comparative and legal method, formal and legal method. Based on the analysis of international experience, the education problems of private detectives, as well as those that recycling and advanced training features, whose study is necessary for the full development of the institution of the activity of private detectives in Ukraine, reveals the revelation of modern services for the training of private detectives in Ukraine. In the conclusions, the authors pay special attention to specialists in the activity of private detectives in several countries, where private detectives have a wide range of opportunities and their activity is actually compared to the activity of law enforcement. Finally, the requirements are proposed for candidates for the position of private detective, as well as for the program of their training.

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15

Huck, Christian. "Travelling Detectives." Transfers 2, no. 3 (December 1, 2012): 120–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2012.020308.

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This article is concerned with travelling detectives in two different but related senses. On the one hand, it considers the relevance of trains and other vehicles of mobility for detective fiction, both as a topic of fiction and a place of consumption. On the other hand, it registers that detective fiction has to “travel“ in a more abstract sense before the reading traveler can enjoy it. German publishers appropriated the genre, originally a nineteenth-century American and British invention, at the beginning of the twentieth century. Based on contemporary observations by German cultural critics Walter Benjamin and Siegfried Kracauer, the essay examines German crime-fiction dime novels from the interwar period, compares them to their American predecessors, and analyzes their relationship to mobility and cultural transfer. The text argues that the spatial mobility of the fictional detective is only possible in a specific cultural environment to which the moving but corporeally immobile reader has to be transferred imaginatively.

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16

Frantsuz, A. J., and B. O. Nosenko. "CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF PRIVATE DETECTIVE ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE." Legal Bulletin 76, no. 6 (December 15, 2022): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31732/2708-339x-2022-06-67-72.

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Arguments in favor of the introduction of the institute of private detective activity in Ukraine, its formation and development at the present stage are given. The necessity of legislative regulation of issues of private detective (search) activity in the context of cooperation with law enforcement agencies, in particular with units of the National Police of Ukraine, is determined. The author's definition of private detective activity is presented, which is proposed to be defined as allowed by the National Police of Ukraine professional business activities of private detectives and private detective companies (agencies) to provide clients with detective services to protect their legal rights and interests on the grounds and in the manner prescribed by law. It is noted that the author's interpretation provides for the inclusion in the definition of the term that characterizes private detective activity as one of the types of business activities, as such activities are carried out on a contractual basis, profit and should be taxable under current Ukrainian legislation. Ways of cooperation between subjects of private detective (search) activity and divisions of the National Police of Ukraine are also offered. It is noted that the basis for effective cooperation between the subjects of private detective (investigative) activities and state law enforcement agencies should be the exchange of information regulated by law. This will allow not only to carry out separate (independent) activities, but also to carry out joint planning and joint measures to prevent offenses. The author notes that the most promising cooperation between private detectives and operational search units of the National Police may be in the field of search for missing persons, including children. However, in such cooperation, private detectives may have certain advantages. Compared to police officers, private detectives themselves determine the size of their workload, which will contribute to the greatest focus on a particular case. Also, the provision of paid services will promote a conscientious attitude to the assigned duties, as the amount of monetary remuneration of a private detective may vary depending on the results of his work. The author presents arguments in favor of granting supervisory powers in the field of private detective work to the internal affairs bodies of Ukraine.

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17

Sukovata, Viktoriya. "Detectives of Agathe Christie as a philosophy of everydayness: a postmodernist analysis." Bulletin of Mariupol State University. Series: Philosophy, culture studies, sociology 10, no. 19 (2020): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2830-2020-10-19-13-21.

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The article is devoted to the study of the detective genre as a model of philosophical cognition of the world and a system of cultural values. The goal of the article is to study how the attitude to the detective genre evolved in the academic discussions of the 20th century: transformation of status of the detective from an “entertainment genre” to the object of the philosophical reflection was the result of evolution of the philosophical paradigms from semiotics and postpositivism in the Modern epoch to postmodernism and theories of everyday thinking in the Postmodern epoch. The actuality of the article is due to insufficient study of the epistemology of the detective in the contemporary Cultural studies. The research methods of the article are based on the "archeology of knowledge" by M. Foucault and the cultural-semiotic approaches of R. Barthes and U. Eco. Author argues that although both detectives of A. Conan Doyle and Agatha Christie belong to the intellectual type of detective, they are based on different epistemological images of the world. Author of the article investigates the epistemological paradigms which the base in the detective stories of A. Conan Doyle and in the novels of Agatha Christie. The author analyzes the methodological approaches to the detective genre in the works of the leading theorists of the 20th century, including V. Shklovsky, M. Bakhtin, Z. Krakauer, U. Eco, and others. The author proposes to consider the modern detectives not only as the entertaining genre, but as a way to know various different forms of culture and traditions. The author notices that Finnish philosopher J. Hintikka has created a tradition of using the stories on Sherlock Holmes as an explanatory model of the principles of operation of artificial intelligence systems which goes back to Aristotle's logic. As a rule, the detectives in Agate Christie’s novels represent not formal logic (which prevailed in the stories about Sherlock Holmes), but searches of criminal through intuition, own life experience, knowledge of people and their typical behavior (habitués). Recognition of a criminal or a victim in the novels of Christie occurs through knowing the lifestyle of a person which becomes a source of the formation of his / her “idea”, his motives, desires and disappointments, which lead to certain decisions and actions. There concludes that A. Christie's detectives were based on the ideas of the philosophy of “everyday social thinking” (by A. Schütz) as the epistemological and culturosophical model. The author argues that the detectives of A. Conan Doyle and A. Christie are determined by different philosophical paradigms which represent the different epochs.

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Frantsuz, A. J., and K. S. Kulinich. "THE ROLE OF CRIMINAL TACTICS IN THE ACTIVITIES OF PRIVATE DETECTIVES." Legal Bulletin 76, no. 6 (December 15, 2022): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31732/2708-339x-2022-06-10-15.

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The article analyzes the scientific approaches of criminologists to determine the nature, essential features of the concept of forensic tactics, the problems of the limits of its application, conducted a critical analysis. The current problems of defining the concept of "forensic tactics" and the possibility of using its tools in various types of law enforcement activities, including the activities of private detectives. Consideration of forensic tactics in a broad and narrow sense is proposed, highlighting the theoretical and practical aspects. Forensic tactics is considered as a scientific field, as well as the use of practical tools of forensic tactics in the activities of a private detective. It is proposed to define the concept of "forensic tactics" in the aspect of the activities of private detectives and outlines areas for further research. The role of forensic tactics in detective work is one of the steps that should be covered and described by many scientists, because forensic tactics is the basis of detective work - this is its important feature which holds almost all the effectiveness of a private detective, his strategy, strategy his behavior, the truth of his versions of a situation, systematics, psychological influence, analytical skills. That is why calling the topic relevant, I can say that many scientists have already studied the subject of forensic tactics, but due to the legal uncertainty of the institution of private detective work, such research is incomplete, because they do not contain the experience of detectives, precisely on the territory of Ukraine, subject to the Ukrainian regulation of this activity. Analyzing current trends in forensic tactics, determining the main innovative direction of research and problems of using tactical tools in law enforcement activities of detectives, which ensure its effectiveness and efficiency, is extremely important for direct business. The study established the relationship of forensic tactics with practice, modern advances in science and technology, trends in forensics and other sciences, pointed to the integrative nature of forensic knowledge, considered the modern understanding of forensic tactics, proposed its definition taking into account traditional and innovative approaches in crime. science.

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19

Bilius, Mindaugas. "The Right to Privacy and Private Detective Activities in Lithuania." Baltic Journal of Law & Politics 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10076-012-0008-9.

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ABSTRACT Private detectives have been providing their services in Lithuania for about a decade; however, only now has the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania started to discuss whether it is expedient and necessary to regulate the activities of private detectives by means of a separate law. One of the goals of a separate legal regulation of private detective activities is the protection of human rights, particularly the right to privacy. This article examines the provisions of national and international legislative acts related to the private life of a person, and assesses the opportunities of a private detective to provide private detective services without prejudice to the provisions of applicable legislative acts. The article concludes that a private detective is not an authorized (public) authority and there is no possibility to assess in each case whether the interests of a person using the services of private detectives are more important than those of other persons, which would allow for violating their rights to private life. The limits of an individual’s right to privacy can only be narrowed by a particular person, giving consent to making public the details of his/her private life. It is the only opportunity for a private detective to gather information related to the private life of a citizen. Currently applicable legislative acts in Lithuania do not provide for opportunities for private subjects to collect personal data without that person’s consent. This right is granted only to public authorities and with the court’s permission

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20

Han, Jong-Wook. "A Study on the Issues of Legalization of Certified Detectives." Korean Association of Public Safety and Criminal Justice 31, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 455–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21181/kjpc.2022.31.3.455.

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Korea is the only OECD member country without detective system, and officially relies on the public investigation agencies for all cases. If a legal detective system is enacted and implemented to resolve disputes smoothly without relying on public power, it will reduce the time and cost of social disputes and further improve people’s satisfaction and quality of life. Due to the lack of current legislation, there is a problem that personal information infringement and multidimensional human rights infringement can occur in the dard as errand centers and offices are not managed systematically. In 1999, the National Assembly first attempted to enact a bill on certified detectives, but it was not submitted to the plenary session, and 20 years late, about 10 laws related to detectives legislations were processed or discarded due to the expiration of their term. In fact, several bills have been tried by the National Assembly to protect the rights and interests of the people by overcoming the limitations of public power that cannot be fully responded to only by law enforcement and investigation by state law enforcement agency and creating future jobs. However, due to negative views on the infringement of personal information and privacy at work and conflicts with existing laws and regulations, it has been difficult to pass the bill. However, regardless of the ruling and opposition parties, there is no disagreement on the legalization of detectives, but there is a disagreement over which state agency the competent government office should be placed in, which is considered an obstacle to the legalization itself. This paper examines the main issues in the legalization process of certified detectives so far. To this end, from a comparative legal point of view, I would like to examine the cases of advanced foreign countries and propose a plan to legislate detectives suitable for Korea.

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21

Đukić, Siniša, and Ladin Gostimirović. "Training and education of detectives: (Real) need or mere formality." Nauka, bezbednost, policija 29, no. 2 (2024): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/nabepo29-49685.

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This paper examines the issue of training and education of detectives as one of the prerequisites for high-quality and efficient performance of detective work. It is considered that the training should be, to the greatest extent possible, adapted to specific jobs and areas of detective work. Also, training should be part of the overall process of integrating detectives into the security system, that is, the private security sector. The concepts of detective training differ from country to country in terms of the content and structure of the program, duration, organization of implementation or non-implementation, which all together makes it very difficult to compare the results. There is no absolute standardization in this area, as well as relevant research on this topic and related areas. In this regard, the authors emphasize that detective training is an insufficiently researched issue that should be given much more attention. For the purposes of this paper, a comparative legal analysis of the legal regulations and by-laws that treat the models of detective training in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the surrounding countries - the Republic of Serbia, Montenegro and the Republic of Croatia - was performed. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that different systems of training and education of candidates are in force, from the classic model where the curriculum is implemented according to the subject-modular concept, to mentoring work and internship practice. The aim of this work is to encourage a more comprehensive study of the training and education of detectives and to propose more adequate models suitable for the current time and the detective field of work.

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22

Wurlitzer, Fred. "Physicians as Detectives in Detective Fiction of the 20th Century." Southern Medical Journal 96, no. 7 (July 2003): 731–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.smj.0000083299.06889.31.

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ANDERSON, DARYLL. "Physicians as Detectives in Detective Fiction of the 20th Century." Southern Medical Journal 95, no. 10 (October 2002): 1134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-200210000-00005.

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ANDERSON, DARYLL. "Physicians as Detectives in Detective Fiction of the 20th Century." Southern Medical Journal 95, no. 10 (October 2002): 1134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-200295100-00005.

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25

Franklin, Deborah. "Drug Detectives." Scientific American 307, no. 4 (September 18, 2012): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1012-30.

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Poesio, Massimo, Jon Chamberlain, Udo Kruschwitz, Livio Robaldo, and Luca Ducceschi. "Phrase detectives." ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems 3, no. 1 (April 2013): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2448116.2448119.

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Carson, David. "Suing Detectives." Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 83, no. 1 (March 2010): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/pojo.2010.83.1.488.

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Gough, N. "Chemical Detectives." Science 311, no. 5767 (March 17, 2006): 1565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.311.5767.1565.

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Hammond, Paula, and Stephen Lillie. "Dino detectives!" Child Care 8, no. 7 (July 2011): xv—xvi. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/chca.2011.8.7.xv.

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Whiteley, William. "Stroke detectives." Lancet Neurology 6, no. 2 (February 2007): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70021-2.

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ROVNER, SOPHIE L. "FOOD DETECTIVES." Chemical & Engineering News 88, no. 14 (April 5, 2010): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v088n014.p036.

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Kennedy-Hagan, Karla. "Nutrition Detectives." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 41, no. 5 (September 2009): 377.e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2009.03.126.

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Dalton, Steve. "Pet detectives." New Scientist 218, no. 2918 (May 2013): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(13)61307-x.

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Greenway, G. M. "Chemical detectives." Analytica Chimica Acta 221 (1989): 361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(00)81974-1.

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Chambers, Tod. "Sick detectives." Lancet 364 (December 2004): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17644-7.

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Levy, Sharon. "Atomic detectives." Nature 442, no. 7102 (August 2006): 504–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/442504a.

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Sherman, Lisa. "Angle detectives." Teaching Children Mathematics 24, no. 3 (November 2017): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/teacchilmath.24.3.0154.

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NCTM's Principles to Actions: Ensuring Mathematical Success for All outlines eight mathematics teaching practices for effective teaching and learning of mathematics (NCTM 2014, p. 10). The second practice, Implement tasks that promote reasoning and problem solving, involves effective teaching of mathematics that engages students in solving and discussing tasks that promote mathematical reasoning and problem solving and allow multiple entry points and varied solution strategies.

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Stark, Walter. "Angle detectives." Teaching Children Mathematics 25, no. 3 (November 2018): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/teacchilmath.25.3.0138.

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This problem scenario presents how a fifth-grade class used logical thinking and spatial reasoning to find the angle measurements of certain polygons without using a protractor. To access the full-size activity sheet, go to http://www.nctm.org/tcm, All Issues. Each month, this section of the Problem Solvers department showcases students' in-depth thinking and discusses the classroom results of using problems presented in previous issues of Teaching Children Mathematics.

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Dubertret, Benoit. "DNA detectives." Nature Materials 4, no. 11 (November 2005): 797–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1520.

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Manià, Kirby. "101 Detectives." English Academy Review 33, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10131752.2016.1153582.

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Sinha, Gunjan. "DNA Detectives." International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 15, no. 1 (March 2001): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600860120036491.

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Holt, Patrick. "Ersatz Detectives." American Book Review 41, no. 1 (2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/abr.2019.0129.

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Spitzer, Eric D. "Laboratory Detectives." Laboratory Medicine 31, no. 9 (September 2000): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1309/9629-gky1-kykc-np1t.

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Williams, Andrew. "Drone detectives." Aerospace Testing International 2019, no. 1 (March 2019): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s1478-2774(23)50248-9.

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Goodwin, Amanda P., and Jennifer Perkins. "Word Detectives." Reading Teacher 68, no. 7 (March 10, 2015): 510–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1342.

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Green, Jennifer D. "Language Detectives." Reading Teacher 68, no. 7 (February 27, 2015): 539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1350.

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Sumodan, P. K. "Insect detectives." Resonance 7, no. 8 (August 2002): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02836024.

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C, Rachel. "Bias Detectives." Scientific American 30, no. 3s (July 2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamericanracism0621-40.

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Schneider, Laura B., and Angelique Kelly. "Dinosaur Detectives." Science and Children 58, no. 2 (November 2020): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00368148.2020.12315803.

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Paweł Waszkiewicz and Piotr Karasek. "Fotelowi detektywi w XXI wieku. Sposoby angażowania społeczeństwa do rozwiązywania spraw kryminalnych oraz korzyści i zagrożenia z tego płynące." Archives of Criminology, no. XXXVI (January 1, 2014): 423–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7420/ak2014o.

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This is the first article in the criminological literature to describe armchair detectives, i.e. non-professionals who solve criminal cases as a hobby. The phenomenon is mainly discussed in the context of contemporary means of communication, including the internet and social media. While these are increasingly important, this article focuses on more “traditional” types of activity as well. Citing examples from Poland and abroad, the authors come up with their own typology of this highly diversified group. The authors distinguish six ways in which armchair detectives engage in solving detective puzzles: 1) recognizing a person, place or thing; 2) reporting an incident; 3) OSINT; 4) the classic “Oh!”; 5) expert knowledge and skills; 6) and cold cases. The authors also discuss the benefits and threats posed by armchair detectives. These are analyzed from the standpoint of both law enforcement and the common good within the broad meaning of the term. The summary includes a suggestion that the phenomenon be studied under the paradigm of evidence-based policing. Their proposal is to empirically check the extent to which armchair detectives help detect crime and how effective their help is in investigations.

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