Academic literature on the topic 'Detention basin'

?The Fargo Project? located in Fargo, North Dakota, is an 18-acre stormwater detention basin that was retrofitted in 2015 to include an earthen-channel, sediment forebay, and various native vegetation within the floodplain and channels. Goals of this study were to assess how the post-retrofit earthen-channel performs relative to the pre-retrofit concrete-channel in terms of conveyance of small storms, and to estimate infiltration and evaporation from the post-retrofit detention basin during various storm sizes and intensities. Results showed that although channel roughness ultimately increased in the post-retrofit basin and allowed for greater instances of flooding for one channel, erosion of the main channel, with a larger urbanized contributing area, resulted in behavior similar to that of the pre-retrofit main channel for small storms. Modeled infiltration and evaporation showed total abstraction ranging between 2.9% and 11.7% of the maximum ponded volume for various storm sizes and intensities.

This dissertation presents a methodology for hydrologic modeling related to the design and operation of flood control detention basins. Prior to this document, a comprehensive, tractable methodology for detention basin hydrologic modeling did not exist. Furthermore, techniques used in the past have not always taken advantage of computer technology or recent advances in the field of hydrology. New and original methods are presented and are developed from personal experience, recent literature, and relevant courses at The University of Arizona. Chapters in this document include precipitation data analysis, detention basin stormwater inflow, detention basin sediment inflow, stored water losses through evaporation and infiltration, design issues, and operation under competing water use objectives. Engineering constraints and data availability are explicitly addressed throughout the methodology. The goal is to determine hydrologic variables for detention basin design such as active storage volume, spillway capacity, drain outlet capacity, and, additionally for some systems, the bypass channel capacity and side-weir threshold spill flow rate. In addition to providing an increased level of protection from flood damage, detention basins may also accommodate land use and water conservation objectives of urban society.

As the Southwest continues to be impacted by increasing drought stress under changing climate conditions, innovative water-harvesting strategies will become a necessary dimension of sustainable water use. The University of Arizona campus has been incorporating waterharvesting regimes within its urban landscape for over 20 years. This project explores the physical and geochemical consequences for the surface soils exposed to high volumes of stormwater discharge and contaminants found in urban runoff. Soil samples were collected from four different basin sites across the UA campus. These samples were analyzed and compared using x-ray diffraction, x-ray fluorescence, particle size analysis, and various basic chemical analyses. The samples were found to vary significantly by their relative type (basin vs. control) based on pH, LOI, and several geochemical datasets. Soils were most often significantly different relative to their specific site for geochemical and mineralogical data. Data suggest that basin properties are most dependent on the age of the basin and the type of runoff received. Observations also suggest the necessity for soil amendment to improve water and soil quality at these sites. The application of biochar at the surface of these basins has been studied for the improvement of local water collection basins.

Les bassins de retenue-décantation ont trois fonctions principales : stocker les eaux pluviales pour éviter les inondations, favoriser la décantation des polluants particulaires, éviter la remise en suspension et la remobilisation des polluants décantés vers l’aval. La conception et la gestion de telles installations nécessitent de connaître les caractéristiques hydrodynamiques, celles des sédiments et de pouvoir prédire les zones où les dépôts sont fortement contaminés. L’objectif principal de la thèse est d’identifier les zones où les teneurs en polluants sont élevées au niveau des sédiments des bassins de retenue-décantation. Le site d’étude est le bassin de rétention des eaux pluviales de Django Reinhardt (BDR), qui est un bassin sec à l’exutoire d’un bassin versant industriel. Ce bassin a fait l’objet de plusieurs études dans le cadre de de l'Observatoire de Terrain en Hydrologie Urbaine (OTHU).Dans un premier temps, les mesures de vitesses de surface par LSPIV (Large-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry) ont permis de mieux comprendre l’hydrodynamique au sein de l’ouvrage. Ces mesures ont été exploitées pour évaluer les modèles CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). C’est la première fois que cette technique de mesure est appliquée au cas des ouvrages de gestion des eaux pluviales. Les résultats montrent que les modèles CFD identifient la principale zone de recirculation qui favorise la décantation. Ces modèles évalués ont ensuite été employés pour simuler le transport de polluants particulaires, leur sédimentation et leur remise en suspension. L’exploitation des résultats de ces simulations a permis d’indiquer les points où les sédiments sont remis en suspension et transférés vers le bassin d’infiltration à l’aval et de prédire les zones d’accumulation en métaux. Les résultats obtenus montrent également que les teneurs en fer dans les sédiments sont fortement corrélées aux vitesses de chute. Le fer pourrait être un bon indicateur du niveau de contamination des sédiments en certains métaux lourds. Les résultats de cette thèse contribuent à améliorer les règles de conception des bassins de retenue-décantation des eaux pluviales et les stratégies de gestion des sédiments associés<br>Stormwater detention basins have three main functions: storing rainwater to prevent flooding, promoting settling of particulate pollutants, avoiding resuspension and remobilization of settled pollutants to the downstream. The design and the management of such facilities requires the knowledge of hydrodynamic and sediment characteristics, as well as the ability to predict areas where deposits are highly contaminated.The main objective of this PhD work is to identify the areas where pollutant levels in sediments are high in detention and settling basin. The studied site is the stormwater detention basin (Django Reinhardt basin or DRB), which is an extended and dry basin at the outlet of an industrial watershed. This basin has been the subject of numerous investigations within the framework of the Field Observatory for Urban Water Management (or observatoire de terrain en hydrologie urbaine - OTHU in French).First of all, the measurements of surface velocities by Large-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry (LSPIV) permits to better understand the hydrodynamic behaviour in the basin. These measurements were used to evaluate CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) models. This is the first time this measurement technique has been applied in the case of stormwater management facilities. The results show that CFD models identify the main recirculation zone that promotes settling. These evaluated models were then used to simulate the transport of particulate pollutants, including sedimentation and resuspension. The exploitation of these simulations results enables to (i) identify the preferential areas where resuspended contaminated sediments may be conveyed to the downstream infiltration basin and (ii) predict the accumulation zones of some metals. Results also demonstrate that iron contents in sediments are strongly correlated to settling velocities and can be considered as a good indicator of the level of heavy metals contamination of sediments. The results obtained in this thesis contribute to improve the design of stormwater detention and settling basins and the management of contaminated sediments

Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2010.<br>Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed April 8, 2010) Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-60).

Continuing development of the Virginia Tech campus is increasing downstream flooding and water quality problems. To address these problems, the University has proposed the construction of a stormwater management facility to control the quantity and quality of stormwater releases to Strouble Creek, a tributary of the New River. The overall goal of this project is to design a stormwater management facility proposed for the Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, Virginia that will reduce present and anticipated downstream flooding and water quality problems. Specific objectives of the project are: * control of flooding in lower areas by reducing the peak discharge while disturbing existing wetlands as little as possible, * address removal of major NPS pollutants such as total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), metals, organic compounds related to petroleum and gasoline, and suspended sediment (SS) from stormwater runoff, and * design of a dam system that is able to withstand all driving forces and constructed in accordance with governing regulations. The design requirement to limit wetland disturbance below one acre was maintained. The requirement set by officials of Virginia Tech is based on the Nationwide Permit 26 of the Wetland Regulations. An individual permit process is thus avoided. Considering this demand, however, the freedom of the stormwater management facility design was significantly restricted. Resulting from the previous restrictions mentioned, the facility will include two ponds in series - a lower, dry pond and an upper, wet pond. The stormwater management system is designed to reduce the peak discharge. The dry pond is designed to detain water only for a short period of time, as opposed to the wet pond which is designed to retain water, thereby maintaining a permanent pool of water, and to change the characteristics of runoff. The wet pond was chosen to be of an Extended Detention wetland type. Aspects such as the availability of suitable area and detention volume governed the decision to make use of this type of stormwater wetland. The constraint on a maximum possible water surface elevation due to the Veterinary School1s road embankment, which crest elevation is at 2023 ft, was considered in the design. The stormwater management facility was designed to meet water quantity control requirements and to address water quality benefits. Storm water management regulations intending to mitigate the adverse effects of land development to streams and waterways were met. Requirements to limit peak discharges from 2-year and 10-year events to existing discharge levels were achieved. Several outlet structures for each of the ponds were investigated. The structures proposed are a perforated riser/broad-crested weir for the wet pond and a proportional weir for the dry pond. They were chosen as a result of analyses on hydraulic performance, maximum water surface elevations, drawdown times, peak discharge rates, and pollutant removal capabilities. The average pollutant removal capability of 75% of TSS, 45% TP, and 25% TN for an extended stormwater wetland, as found in the literature, is expected to be lower for the proposed facility, since the wetland-to-watershed-area ratio is considerably smaller (0.22%) than the required minimum ratio of 1%. However, other suggested desirable parameter for extended detention wetland systems such as required treatment volume, effective flow path length, and dry weather water balance will be maintained. The structural design of the dams was based on experience and research data. The dams are designed to consist of two zones, shell and core. The core extends as a cutoff trench 4 feet below the ground surface. Additionally, toe drain trenches and anti-seep collars along the pipe where penetrating the dam will be placed to collect and reduce seepage, respectively. Special considerations toward seepage problems were taken into account for both dams by placing a cutoff trench and a toe drain trench. Note: The appendix of this project report contains four AutoCAD files, that can only be viewed using AutoCAD.<br>Master of Engineering

Novas medidas de controle das vazões excedentes surgiram nos últimos anos e buscam contornar as mudanças nos ciclos hidrológicos, imitando e mantendo as condições naturais existentes antes dos processos de urbanização. Uma dessas alternativas, conhecida genericamente pelo nome de reservatório de armazenamento, procura reter parte do escoamento superficial gerado durante as precipitações, para depois fazer sua devolução de forma lenta e gradual aos leitos dos córregos e rios, atenuando o pico dos hidrogramas e redistribuindo as vazões ao longo do tempo. Uma das variáveis desse reservatório de armazenamento, que permanece seco entre eventos chuvosos, é denominado de reservatório de detenção e constitui-se o objeto deste trabalho. Sua implantação e utilização são discutidas por meio das experiências da CDHU, através de estudos de casos reais, onde prova-se que a incorporação desse novo dispositivo de drenagem urbana é ainda um assunto polêmico, para o qual técnicos, governantes e população estão despreparados. É legítimo o anseio da sociedade por medidas sustentáveis e ambientalmente corretas, na qual os reservatórios de detenção se enquadram, porém sua implementação por força de medidas legais, muitas vezes, tem sido realizada de forma pouco conseqüente, sem planejamento e ponderação quanto às dificuldades e implicações dessa atitude. Denota-se também, a necessidade de avaliação da eficiência destes dispositivos e de normatização das formas de aplicação, dimensionamento, operação e manutenção. Além disso, é necessário a sensibilização, a conscientização e a educação em todos os níveis, pois existem paradigmas a serem quebrados e obstáculos a serem vencidos. Ao final do trabalho, sugere-se um pequeno roteiro com diretrizes gerais para incorporação dos reservatórios de detenção em novos empreendimentos, com o intuito de orientar e facilitar a utilização desses dispositivos, melhorando sua aceitação pela sociedade.<br>New stormwater control techniques have emerged during last years, trying to mimic and keep the natural conditions of hydrologic cycle. One of these measures, known as storage facility, detains part of the rainfall runoff to release it at controlled rates downstream, attenuating the hydrograph peak and redistributing the volume over a certain period of time. The focus of this report is the detention basin, a storage facility designed to empty out between runoff occurrences. Its insertion and use are discussed through CDHU experiences, based on real cases, where the results show that this new urban drainage control system is still a polemic issue, for what technicians, governments and population are unprepared. Society’s concerns about sustainable and environmentally correct measures, inside which detention pond is placed, are rightful, however its implementation in the course of legal procedures has been made carelessly, unplanned and without considerations of difficulties and impacts. In addition, evaluation of its performance along with regulation of using forms, dimensioning, operation and maintenance are also required. Moreover, sensitiveness, consciousness and education related to detention basin should be improved, since there are paradigms to be broken and obstacles to win. At the end of this report, it is suggested some guidelines to incorporate detention basins in new land development, not only to facilitate and instruct the use of this structure, but also to improve society’s acceptance.