Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Déterministe'
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Jibenja, Natthada. "Optimisation globale récursive semi-déterministe." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20051.
Full textThe global solution of minimization problems is of great practical importance and this is one of the reason why evolutionary algorithms received a tremendous interest in recent years. However, the main difficulties with these algorithms remain their computational time, their lack of precision and their slow convergence. The general idea of this work is to propose a new class of algorithms making it possible to improve the globale and local methods of optimization already existing. We present a method basing itself on the determination of ' good' initial conditions. Many optimization algorithms can be viewed as discrete forms of Cauchy problems for a system of ordinary differential equations in the space of control parameters. We will see that if one introduces an extra information on the infimum, solving global optimization problems using these algorithms is equivalent to solving Boundary Value Problems for the same equations. A motivating idea is therefore to apply algorithms solving Boundary Value Problems to perform this global optimization. We illustrate the previous ingredients through various benchmark and industrial optimization problems
Jourdan, Laetitia. "Métaheuristiques Coopératives : du déterministe au stochastique." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523274.
Full textAgrou, Hicham. "Architecture multi-coeur déterministe pour l'avionique." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/3070/.
Full textThe development of a real-time system requires deadlines for each task. Scheduling requires knowledge of all the possible scenarios of execution for the system in order to obtain the longest time between the activation of the task and the time of its termination. To increase the mean performance, the manufacturers have expanded the functionality of their architectures with more and more complex features. Reducing the average execution time, taking into account the scope of hardware and maintaining backward compatibility can explain this evolution, which makes it difficult to estimate the worst-case execution time. The introduction of multi-core processors in avionics raises questions, particularly about how the instructions should be executed. We propose a procedure for evaluating multicore architectures to highlight situations where transactions have abnormally high latencies due to the concurrency at interconnection level. We apply this test protocol to the Freescale(c) P4080, a PowerPC(c) processor often cited for future avionics solution. We highlight the key steps for configuring control trade and means for measuring the time until the detection of abnormal behaviors transaction. We also propose an interconnection whose principle of operation is to control the transactional behavior of any type of initiator, by implementing various hardware services to ensure spatial/temporal partitioning, and equitable access to shared resources. A measure of the temporal impact of the control units is also presented
Mansar, Sabeur. "Déconvolution sismique : approches déterministe et statistique." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0036.
Full textMathey, Laurent. "Placement déterministe de dopants pour dispositifs ultimes." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00908954.
Full textLupascu, Oana. "Modélisation probabiliste et déterministe de la rupture." Paris 13, 2013. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/edgalilee_th_2013_lupascu.pdf.
Full textThe thesis presents probabilistic and deterministic models for rupture and branching type phenomena,by studying: measure-valued discrete branching processes and their nonlinear PDEs, the Markov processes of the Bochner subordinations on Lp spaces, and the nonlinear PDEs associated to the flow onset of dense avalanches. The first part presents the stochastic aspects. Several analytic and probabilistic potential theoretical tools are used. First, it is given a construction for the branching Markov processes on the space of finite configurations of the state space of a given standard process (called base process), controlled by a branching kernel and a killing one. There are established connections with the nonlinear partial differential equations associated with the transition functions of the branching processes. When the base process is the Brownian motion, then a nonlinear evolution equation involving the square of the gradient occurs. Starting with a super process as base process, the result is a branching process with state space the finite configurations of positive finite measures on a topological space. A key tool in proving the path regularity of the branching process is the existence of a convenient super-harmonic function having compact level sets. Second, it is shown that the subordination induced by a convolution semi-group (the subordination in the sense of Bochner) of a C0 –semi-group of sub-Markovian operators on an Lp space is actually associated to the subordination of a right (Markov) process. As a consequence, it is solved the martingale problem associate with the Lp -infinitesimal generator of the subordinate semi-group. It turns out that an enlargement of the base space is necessary. A main step in the proof is the preservation under such a subordination of the property of a Markov process to be a Borel right process. The second part of the thesis deals with the modeling of the onset of a shallow avalanche (soils, snow or other geo-materials) over various bottom topologies (mountains, valleys). Starting from a shallow viscoplastic model with topography, a simple criterion able to distinguish if an avalanche occurs or not, is introduced. This criterion is deduced from an optimization problem, called limit load analysis. The plastic dissipation functional involved is non-smooth, and non coercive in the classical Sobolev spaces. The appropriate functional space is the space of bounded tangential deformation functions and the existence of an onset velocity field (collapse flow) is proved. To propose a numerical strategy, a mesh free method is used to reduce the limit load problem to the minimization of a shape dependent functional. The collapse flow velocity field, which is discontinuous, is associated to an optimum sub-domain and to a rigid flow. Finally, the proposed numerical approach is illustrated by solving some safety factor problems associated to avalanche onset
Werny, Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude de modèles chaotiques par approches métriques et topologiques." Lyon, INSA, 2001. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2001ISAL0033/these.pdf.
Full textTwo non-linear chaotic models from civil engineering are studied. We first consider a granular medium under sinusoidal parametric excitation. The granular flow can be described in first approximation by a one degree of freedom non-linear oscillator whose motion is governed by a piecewise linear differential system. After an analytical study of the stability of the single equilibrium position, we investigate the stability of the periodic solutions which will be used to explore the bifurcations’ sequences of these solutions. The chaotic behaviour occurring for many values of the parameters is characterized by a traditional metric approach but also by a topological approach based on the organization of the unstable periodic orbits which are embedding in the strange attractor. This analysis results in characterizing chaotic dynamics using a square matrix representing their template. This approach is then used for the description of chaotic crises. Type I intermittencies are associated with characteristic scaling laws or distributions laws of their laminar phases lengths. We study various non classical type I intermittencies with either several reinjection’s channels or a quite unstable solution in the proximity of these channels. We show that the mechanisms of reinjection can be modified and the scaling laws usually observed are not checked any more. The final chapter deals with a model of an elastoplastic Euler arch. The main solutions of the system are obtained by analytical and numerical methods and their bifurcations are then described in details. A topological analysis carried out on the main chaotic attractor led to a complexe template whose determination requires the development of adapted tools
Mollon, Guilhem. "Etude déterministe et probabiliste du comportement des tunnels." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00880461.
Full textPeng, Shi Ge. "L'étude des perturbations singulières en contrôle optimal déterministe." Paris 9, 1985. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1985PA090026.
Full textSeizeur, Romuald. "Etude du faisceau cortico-spinal en tractographie déterministe." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1B153.
Full textMRI allows brain structures study in vivo. Tensor diffusion imaging permits the study of white matter fibres; tractography provides a visualization of fibres bundles. Anatomic validation is challenging for diffusion models and tractography algorithms. This validation is necessary for images (from DTI and tractography) of nervous system pathologies understanding. We studied corticospinal tract (CST) with determinist tractography algorithms used in clinical routine. CST is the major tract of voluntary movement and its lesions can result in varying levels of palsy. The crossing fibre regions make the tractography study difficult. We performed three studies on CST tractography. Four deterministic algorithms were used. We used two regions of interest, one was segmented by anatomical knowledge, the second was segmented using functional MRI (hand motor activation). The first study (on 15 right-handed subjects) tried to evaluate tractography provided by algorithms via comparative analysis by expert neuroradiologists. The second study the fractional anisotropy, the mean diffusivity and the planar coefficient tensor to try to find a CST asymmetry. The third study was performed on 15 right-handed and 10 left-handed subjects. We tried to corroborate the asymmetry to laterality index. The concordance between expert neuroradiologists did not ranked first the mathematically most robust algorithm. The results showed an asymmetry correlated to the laterality index
Ourari, Samia. "De l'ordonnancement déterministe à l'ordonnancement distribué sous incertitudes." Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1267/.
Full textThis work presents the study of two scheduling problems. The former concerns the exact and centralised resolution of a single machine problem, and the latter, the distributed and cooperative resolution of a job shop, each machine being viewed as an actor having its own decision autonomy. For both problems, dominance conditions are used, in the first case, in order to reduce the algorithmic complexity for seeking feasible or optimal solutions, and in the second case, to increase the ability of each actor to face uncertainties. In the first part, a theorem, stated in the early eighties, is recalled that allows to characterize a set of dominant solutions, considering a one-machine sequencing problem. On the basis of the theorem, new analytical and numerical dominance conditions are established that allow to tighten the set of dominant sequences. Then original and efficient mathematical formulations, in the form of integer linear programs, are proposed for modelling and solving single machine problems. Two kinds of criterion are considered : the minimization of the maximum lateness and the minimization of the number of tardy jobs. In the second part, the job shop scheduling problem is studied, using a multi-actor framework, assuming that each actor manages one machine. Taking into account the decisional autonomy and the own objectives of each actor, scheduling is seen as a distributed and dynamic function, where the global solution emerges from negotiations among the actors. We assume that each actor builds up its own local organisation in a robust way, having an imprecise and partial knowledge of the other actor's organisation. We particularly show how maintaining on each actor a set of dominant job sequences so that the worst performance can be bounded. Then a new scheduling approach is sketched where actors initiate point-to-point negotiation, in a distributed way, so as to progressively converge toward trade-off decisions that balance local and global objectives
Mollon, Guilhem. "Etude déterministe et probabiliste du comportement des tunnels." Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0110/these.pdf.
Full textThe work presented in this manuscript aims at studying the behaviour of shallow tunnels excavated with pressurized shields, by investigating two fundamental points : the stability of the tunnel face with respect to collapse and blow-out, and the occurrence of soil movements at the ground surface. The study first deals with deterministic aspects, and then focuses on a probabilistic approach. In a first time, several analytical models for the determination of the collapse and blow-out limit pressures are developed from observations of numerical results. Two of these models, respectively for frictional and purely cohesive soils, appear to provide very satisfying results, both for the computation of the limit pressures and for the assessment of the failure shape. Moreover, two numerical models of increasing complexity are programmed in order to evaluate the soil movements induced by the excavation, and their propagation to the ground surface. These deterministic models are then used in a probabilistic framework. The Collocation-based Stochastic Response Surface Methodology is presented, validated, and generalized in order to make possible at a limited computational cost a complete parametric study on the probabilistic properties of the input variables. The uncertainty propagation through the models of stability and ground movements is evaluated, and some methods of reliability-based design are proposed. In a last part of the manuscript, the spatial variability of the soil is taken into account using the random fields theory, and applied to a 2D analytical model of tunnel face collapse. This model, developed in order to take into account this variability for much smaller computation times than numerical models, is validated numerically and submitted to extensive random samplings. The effect of the spatial variability is evaluated, a emerging phenomena related to this variability are pointed out
Bertrand, Pierre. "Calcul formel et perturbations en contrôle optimal déterministe." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090008.
Full textBillaud, Yann. "Modélisation hybride stochastique-déterministe des incendies de forêts." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10100/document.
Full textMost of the area burned by forest fires is attributable to the few fires that escape initial attack to become large. As a consequence large-scale fires produce a large amount of green-house gases and particles which contribute to the global warming. Heterogeneous conditions of weather, fuel, and topography are generally encountered during the propagation of large fires. This shapes irregular contours and fractal post-fire patterns, as revealed by satellite maps. Among existing wildfire spread models, stochastic models seem to be good candidates for studying the erratic behavior of large fires, due to the above-mentioned heterogeneous conditions. The model we developed is a variant of the so-called small-world network model. Flame radiation and fuel piloted ignition are taken into account in a deterministic way at the macroscopic scale. The radiative interaction domain of a burning cell is determined from Monte Carlo simulation using the solid flame model. Some cases are studied, ranging from relatively simple to more complex geometries like an irregular flame fronts or an ethanol pool fire. Then, a numerical model is developed to investigate the piloted ignition of litters composed of maritime pine needles. A genetic algorithm is used to locate a set of model parameters that provide optimal agreement between the model predictions and the experimental data in terms of ignition time and mass loss. The model results had shown the importance of char surface oxidation for heat fluxes close to the critical flux for ignition. Finally, the small-world network model was used to simulate fire patterns in heterogeneous landscapes. Model validation was achieved to an acceptable degree in terms of contours, burned area and fractal properties, through comparison of results with data from a small controlled bushfire experiment and a historical Mediterranean fire. Therefore, it has been proven to be a powerful tool in the sizing of fortifications as fuel break areas at the wildland urban interface or in the understanding of atypical behavior in particular configurations (talweg, slope breaking, etc.). It has also been used for the optimization of an in-situ sensor network whose purpose is to detect precociously and to locate precisely small fires, preventing them from spreading and burning out of control. Our objective was to determine the minimum number and placement of sensors deployed in the forest
Akrout, Samir. "Comportement dynamique déterministe et large bande des structures guidées." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ECDL0045.
Full textThe accent was carried, within the framework of this thesis, on the multimode propagation of the guided waves structures, and their modelling in a relarively broad frequencies field (low and medium frequency). The adopted approach is based on a propagative method coupled to a finite element model. It makes it possible to evaluate the propagation constants and to characterize the propagation of energy in theses structures. Thanks to the introduction of the waveguide assumption, it results in solving an eigenvalues system with order 2. An algorithm of classification of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors (associates with the waves modes) is used to determine the dispersion curves, group velocities and the mode shapes. This method was validated by comparison with experimental results test in the case of a stiffened plate. Moreover, these results agree and generalize of other literature results
Hocine, Sofiane. "Identification de modèles de procédés par programmation mixte déterministe." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7492/1/hocine.pdf.
Full textFranceschelli, Sara. "Construction de signification physique dans le métier de physicien : Le cas du chaos déterministe." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070008.
Full textFollowing the Ruelle-Takens paper on turbulent transition (1971), many works of physicists showed the existence of deterministic physical systems with a low number of degrees of freedom, presenting a chaotical behaviour. For dissipative systems, some scenarios of chaos transition have been defined and some strange attractors have been observed and characterized. In this work I consider the construction of physical meaning characterizing the work of physicists who worked around 1980 about deterministic chaos. Construction of physical meaning is considered as a process permitting to use some mathematical knowledges (about dynamical systems) to construct a meaning (for turbulent transition) in some ( experimental or simulated), well determined situations. .
Goudenège, Ludovic. "Quelques résultats sur l'équation de Cahn-Hilliard stochastique et déterministe." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00439022.
Full textZeriab, Mohamed Zeriab. "Contribution à l'optimisation globale : approche déterministe et stochastique et application." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00560887.
Full textGu, Liya. "Modèles déterministe, stochastique et multicritère pour l'équilibrage de lignes d'assemblage." Thesis, Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ003S/document.
Full textOur work considers the problem of balancing the assembly line (ALBP). This is a combinatorial optimization problem which consists in assigning operations to stations of the assembly line while respecting various constraints in order to optimize a criterion of efficiency. Two types of problems are defined, based on the objective to minimize. The type I problem (SALBP-1) minimizes the number of stations in a given cycle time. And the problem of type II (SALBP-2) minimizes the cycle time given by the largest time station with a given number of stations. Problems of type II are only considered in our work. Firstly, a method for determining the lower bound of the cycle time which respects the number of stations is determined. This method combines the Lagrangian relaxation and the columns generation method. The Lagrangian relaxation is used to relax the constraints of precedence. The problem of the Lagrangian relaxation is given by the columns generation. Then, a new heuristic is proposed for solving the SALBP-2 problem. This heuristic consists of two steps. In the first step, an initial solution is produced by an heuristic based on a weight corresponding to the position of operations and a threshold defined for each station. The, in the second step, the solution is improved by a process of transfer and exchange. Finally, meta-heuristics are used to solve deterministic and stochastic problems.Two main meta-heuristics are considered: the electromagnetism-like mechanism algorithm (EM) and the estimated distribution (ED). The performance of our method is confirmed via simulation and it is compared with simulated annealing (SA). Due to its better performance, EM was chosen to balance the stochastic lines with random operation times. In this case, the cycle time is minimized under constraint of the reliability of the line which must be greater than a given value. EM is also used to solve multi-objective problems such as minimizing the cycle time and maximizing the reliability of the line by determining a set of Pareto-optimal solutions
Es-Sadek, Mohamed Zeriab. "Contribution à l'optimisation globale : approche déterministe et stochastique et application." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ISAM0010/document.
Full textThis thesis concerns the global optimization of a non convex function under non linear restrictions, this problem cannot be solved using the classic deterministic methods like the projected gradient algorithm and the sqp method because they can solve only the convex problems. The stochastic algorithms like the genetic algorithm and the simulated annealing algorithm are also inefficients for solving this type of problems. For solving this kind of problems, we try to perturb stocasicly the deterministic classic method and to combine this perturbation with genetic algorithm and the simulated annealing. So we do the combination between the perturbed projected gradient and the genetic algorithm, the perturbed sqp method and the genetic algorithm, the perturbed projected gradient and the simulated annealing, the Piyavskii algorithm and the genetic algorithm. We applicate the coupled algorithms to different classic examples for concretited the thesis. For illustration in the real life, we applicate the coupled perturbed projected gradient end the genetic algorithm to logistic problem eventuelly transport. In this view, we sold the efficient practices
Joudrier, Hugo. "Optimisation Globale Déterministe Garantie sous Contraintes Algébriqueset Différentielles par Morceaux." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI010/document.
Full textIn this thesis a set of tools based on guaranteed methods are presented in order to solve multi-physics dynamic problems. These systems can be applied in various domains such that engineering design process, model of chemical reactions, simulation of biological systems or even to predict athletic performances.The resolution of these optimization problems is made of two stages. The first one consists in defining a mathematical model by setting up the equations for the problem. The model is made of a set of variables, a set of algebraic and functional constraints and cost functions. The latter are used in the second stage in order to extract the optimal solutions from the model depending on several criteria (volume, weight, etc).Algebraic constraints are used to describe the static properties of the system (quantity, size, density, etc). They are non-linear, non-convex and sometimes discontinuous. Functional constraints are used to manipulate dynamic quantities. These constraints can be quite simple such as monotony or periodicity or they can be more complex such as simple or piecewise differential constraints. Differential equations are used to describe physico-chemical properties (magnetic, thermal, etc) and other features evolving with the component use. Several levels of approximation exist for each of these two stages. These approximations give some relevant results but they do not guarantee the feasibility nor the optimality of the solutions.After presenting a set of guaranteed methods in order to perform the guaranteed integration of ordinary differential equations, a peculiar type of hybrid system that can be modeled with piecewise ordinary differential equation is considered. A new method that computes guaranteed integration of these piecewise ordinary differential equations is developed through an extension of the initial algorithm based on several proofs and theorems. In a second step these algorithms are gathered within a contractor programming module that have been implemented. It is used to solve algebraic and functional constraint satisfaction problems with guaranteed methods. Finally, the considered optimization problems are solved with a modular deterministic global optimization algorithm that uses the previous modules
Flottes, Marie-Lise. "Contribution au test déterministe des circuits cmos : équivalences de pannes." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20060.
Full textSchneider, Jacques. "Une méthode déterministe pour la résolution de l'équation de Boltzmann." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066640.
Full textDonin, de Rosière Emmanuel. "Un langage non déterministe pour l'écriture de scénarios de test." Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1S151.
Full textThe testing phase is an important step in the development and now represents a crucial issue for telecommunication companies. One possible way for reducing the development time and increasing the software quality is to automize as possible the testing phase. So, we need tools for expressing easily complex, but common, behaviours in order to execute automatically test compaign without any human intervention. This study tries to get round this problem and, just after an analysis of the current testing languages which deal with active black-box testing, it will put forward several new constructions for this domain trying to solve this problem. Several of this constructions use a nondeterministic paradigm for easily expressing concurrent or non-controllable behaviours. Moreover, we will try to verify these ideas through a prototype which implements these new functionnalities and also validate these constructions during a real test of an industrial project
Hoerlé, Stéphane. "Chaos déterministe dans les phénomènes de piqûration des alliages passivables." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0135.
Full textZbib, Hiba. "Segmentation d'images TEP dynamiques par classification spectrale automatique et déterministe." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR3317/document.
Full textQuantification of dynamic PET images is a powerful tool for the in vivo study of the functionality of tissues. However, this quantification requires the definition of regions of interest for extracting the time activity curves. These regions are usually identified manually by an expert operator, which reinforces their subjectivity. As a result, there is a growing interest in the development of clustering methods that aim to separate the dynamic PET sequence into functional regions based on the temporal profiles of voxels. In this thesis, a spectral clustering method of the temporal profiles of voxels that has the advantage of handling nonlinear clusters is developed. The method is extended to make it more suited for clinical applications. First, a global search procedure is used to locate in a deterministic way the optimal cluster centroids from the projected data. Second an unsupervised clustering criterion is proposed and optimised by the simulated annealing to automatically estimate the scale parameter and the weighting factors involved in the method. The proposed automatic and deterministic spectral clustering method is validated on simulated and real images and compared to two other segmentation methods from the literature. It improves the ROI definition, and appears as a promising pre-processing tool before ROI-based quantification and input function estimation tasks
Huchet, Marion. "Prédiction déterministe de houle par mesure du profil de vitesse." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ECDN0025.
Full textThis PhD thesis presents a new method for deterministic sea wave prediction, able to accurately describe the evolution of non linear sea states while keeping the computation time reasonable. Particular attention is paid to the quality of the wave phase information. Contrary to classical approaches relying on free surface elevation measurements, information on the incident sea state is collected here in the form of instantaneous horizontal wave velocity profiles upstream of the area of interest. This kinematic information is used in a nonlinear propagation model based on a pseudo-spectral approach, allowing to avoid the data assimilation step usually required in this kind of model. This greatly reduces the computation time while maintaining the prediction quality. This work presents a feasibility study of this method for long-crested waves. In the lack of an instrumentation dedicated to the measurement of instantaneous horizontal velocity profiles, an original method is developed to reconstruct this information from acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) measurements, thus extending the current application scope of these sensors. Numerical sensitivity studies then evaluate the quality of the prediction obtained for various measurement configurations and sea states. Lastly, we present the trials conducted in Centrale Nantes' towing tank, which provide an experimental validation of the method for unidirectional waves. The good numerical and experimental results obtained make this method a promising approach
Chabour, Ourida. "Stabilisation des systèmes non linéaires." Metz, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2000/Chabour.Ourida.SMZ0009.pdf.
Full textGranjeon, Didier. "Modélisation stratigraphique déterministe : conception et applications d'un modèle diffusif 3d multilithologique." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00648827.
Full textBlondel-Couprie, Elise. "Reconstruction et prévision déterministe de houle à partir de données mesurées." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00449343.
Full textLi, Xiang. "Un modèle hybride statistique-déterministe du canal LMS en environnements complexes." Poitiers, 2010. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2010/Li-Xiang/2010-Li-Xiang-These.pdf.
Full textThis PhD research focuses on the modeling and simulation of mobile satellite radio propagation channels in constrained areas, e. G. , build-up, urban and suburban areas. More precisely, the aim of the work is to develop a high performance model to predict the received signal behavior, in particular, the slow-fading and fast-fading. Based on a hybrid concept, we propose a novel channel model combining a deterministic approach (raytracing) and two statistical models : Nakagami-m and lognormal. The model was developed at L-band but is easily extensible to S-band. The context of this study and a state of art of the existing channel models are first introduced in chapter 1 of this thesis. After describing their advantages and drawbacks, we present the hybrid concept of our channel model. The work of chapter 2 aims at the selection of the fast-fading model. We use the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and Kullback–Leibler test (with optimal histograms base on information theory) to compare the goodness of fit of different statistical models regarding to simulated sample signals. The third chapter is divided into two complementary studies as LOS and NLOS areas need to be modeled using optimum statistical laws. Based on deterministic simulations in Toulouse city areas using geosynchronous satellites, the channel behavior is studied from which we deduce our semi-deterministic model. It takes into account of the receiving site’s specificities and leads to dynamic statistical parameter setup. Finally, the use of the hybrid model is presented in chapter 4. We show the interest of our model by comparing the hybrid simulated signals to purely deterministically simulated ones in terms of precision and simulation time. In addition, the extensibility of our model is studied in order to use non-geosynchronous satellites
Blondel-Couprie, Élise. "Reconstruction et prévention déterministe de houle à partir de données mesurées." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT2074.
Full textWave prediction is a crucial task for offshore operations from an obvious security point of view regarding working people and technical equipments or structures. The prediction tools available since now are based on a stochastic description of the sea state and are not able to predict deterministically the wave fields evolution. Only averaged statistical data representative of the sea state can be obtained from the known spectral quantities. To face the growing need of accurate short term predictions, a deterministic prediction model has been developed in order to improve the efficiency of the sea operations which require a precise knowledge of the sea surface on a specific region of interest. After achieving a theoretical study to determine the available time-space predictable domain depending on the current sea state and on the measurement conditions, we created two data assimilation process to combine the measured observations to the physics-based model. This model is a second order model for low to moderate steeped fields, or a highorder model for high crested seas, namely the High-Order Spectral numerical method. The extended second order model and the third order model using the HOS have been validated for the prediction of 2D synthetic and basin wave fields: the averaged prediction errors we obtain are more than two times less than the errors returned by a linear approach. The improvement is also more important that the steepness and the order of the prediction model are high
Perignon, Yves. "Modélisation déterministe des états de mer - Application à la rétrodiffusion d'ondes radar." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624645.
Full textMarchand, Estelle. "Analyse de sensibilité déterministe pour la simulation numérique du transfert de contaminants." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00271632.
Full textFagot, Alain. "Réexécution déterministe pour un modèle procédural parallèle basé sur les processus légers." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004942.
Full textDuflot, Marie. "Algorithmes distribués sur des anneaux paramétrés - Preuves de convergence probabiliste et déterministe." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00091429.
Full textPérignon, Yves. "Modélisation déterministe des états de mer : application à la rétrodiffusion d'ondes radar." Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624645v2.
Full textResearches conducted in this thesis deal with the realistic evolution of wave fields in oceanic conditions. The interest is more particularly focused on various aspects including specificities of a deterministic fully non-linear approach, the wind wave coupling and energy dissipation through white capping, and non-linear simplified modeling for operational use. This work aims to provide efficient and realistic modeling of wave fields so as to enable a better understanding of radar backscattering over oceanic surfaces. Direct applications include short-term forecasts of sea states, or detection of marine targets thanks to remote sensing. A numerical tridimensional model based on a High Order Spectral (HOS) method enables to fully account for non-linear processes in sea states. Some specificities are enlighten and provide a better framework for the efficient use of the method. Among them, the need for reference conditions at early stages of a modeled sea state is underlined. A non-linear method is proposed and its performances evaluated. Momentum transfers associated with wind forcing and dissipation through whitecapping are then proposed for the HOS deterministic approach. Two way coupling between atmospheric and oceanic layers, and dissipation of energy due to wave breaking are achieved thanks to a formulation at use in common stochastic wave models. Forcing and dissipation intervene in the HOS formulation by the mean of pressure fields related to the sea state. The recent set of parametered proposed bay Bidot et al. (2005) is tested and comparatively validated with the WaveWatch3 stochastic wave model. The HOS deterministic approach is finally able to properly take into account the evolution of oceanic wave field under wind forcing and dissipation. The problem of simplified modeling of sea state for the specific purpose of operational use in remote sensing applications is finally studied. A numeric method able to take into account non-linear specificities of the wave field up to a second order in wave elevation and third order in term of phase velocity is proposed and implemented. Its performances are comparatively evaluated with fully non-linear evolutions as references
Voon, Lew Yan, and Lew Fock Chong. "Contribution au test intégré déterministe : structures de génération de vecteurs de test." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20035.
Full textGhilardi, Jean-Pierre. "Optimisation de la représentation de graphes par approche hybride déterministe et stochastique." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX30032.
Full textIn bibliometrie scope, we frequently have to compute database which constitute a quantitive information corpus, difficult to interpret by direct reading. That's the reason why some tools with complex mathematic treatments have been created, this is how structured data bank can be processing to obtain relevant information available for decision makers. The Centre de Recherche Rétrospective de Marseille is specialized in information processing for a long time. Automatic tools based on geometrical representation of relationship between entities have been developed. During this research, an innovant data processing implemented to automatically produce an organized representation of graph easily understandable have been defined. The treatment chain is based on two different approach, a determinist approach issuing from graph theory and a stochastic approach composed of simulated annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm, which allow to make easier graph reading
Nivanen, Laurent. "Etude de l'interaction entre une onde électromagnétique et un milieu fractal déterministe." Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50376-1996-83.pdf.
Full textMarchand, Didier. "Modélisation fonctionnelle du bilan hydrique sur sol cultivé : approche déterministe ou stochastique ?" Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10130.
Full textNguyen, Trong Hieu. "Modèles mathématiques de la dynamique des populations en environnement déterministe et stochastique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066432/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we consider mathematical population dynamics models in deterministic and stochastic environments. For deterministic environments, we study three models: an intraguild model with the effects of spatial heterogeneous environment and fast migration of individuals; a fishery model with Marine Protected Area where fishing is prohibited and an area where the fish population is harvested; a predator-prey model which has one prey and two predators with Beddington-DeAngelis functional responses. For stochastic environments, we study SIRS epidemic model and predator-prey models under telegraph noise. We try to present the dynamical behavior of these models and show out the existence or vanishing of species in the models
Tchoffo, Talom Friedman. "Modélisation déterministe du canal de propagation indoor dans un contexte Ultra Wide Band." Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012059.
Full textZaccardi, Cédric. "Couplage stochastique-déterministe dans le cadre Arlequin et estimations d'erreurs en quantités d'intérêt." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00865192.
Full textBouallagui, Sarra. "Techniques d'optimisation déterministe et stochastique pour la résolution de problèmes difficiles en cryptologie." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557912.
Full textGeorgiev, Kiril. "Débogage des systèmes embarqués multiprocesseur basé sur la ré-exécution déterministe et partielle." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENM086/document.
Full textMPSoC platforms provide high performance, low power consumption and flexi-bility required by the emerging embedded systems. They incorporate many proces-sing units, memory blocs and peripherals, hierarchically organized by interconnec-tion network. The software development is known to be difficult, namely due to themanagement of multiple entities (tasks/threads/processes). The concurrent execu-tion of these entities allows to exploit efficiently the architecture but complicatesthe refinement process of the software and especially the debugging activity. Onthe one hand, the executions of the software can be non-deterministic, namely dueto the concurrency, i.e. they perform differently each time. Consequently, thereis no guaranties that an error will occur during the debugging activity. On theother hand, the complexity of the architecture and the execution can increase theelements to be analyzed in the debugging process. As a result, it can be difficultto concentrate on the potentially faulty elements. Therefore, one of the most im-portant challenges in the development process of MPSoC software is to reduce thetime of the refinement process.In this thesis, we propose a new methodology to refine the MPSoC softwarewhich helps the developers to do the debugging activity. Our first objective is tobe able to debug the same execution several times in order to analyze potentialsources of the error. To do so, we identified the sources of non-determinism in theMPSoC software executions and propose the most appropriate methods to recordand replay them. Our second objective is to reduce the execution overhead requi-red by the record mechanisms to limit the intrusiveness which is an importantMPSoC constraint. To accomplish this objective, we consider a part of the non-deterministic behaviour and selected efficient record-replay methods. The thirdobjective is to provide a scalable solution, i.e. to be able to debug more and morecomplex executions, characterized by an increasing number of elements. Therefore,we propose a partial replay method which allows to isolate and debug a fraction ofthe execution elements. Moreover, this method applies to different types of archi-tectures and applications MPSoC
Vu, Thi Thanh Xuan. "Optimisation déterministe et stochastique pour des problèmes de traitement d'images en grande dimension." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0540.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, we consider the problem of the Canonical Polyadic Decomposition (CPD) of potentially large $N$-th order tensors under different constraints (non-negativity, sparsity due to a possible overestimation of the tensor rank, etc.). To tackle such a problem, we propose three new iterative methods: a standard gradient based deterministic approach, a stochastic approach (memetic) and finally a proximal approach (Block-Coordinate Variable Metric Forward-Backward). The first approach extends J-P. Royer's works to the case of non-negative N-th order tensors. In the stochastic approach, genetic (memetic) methods are considered for the first time to solve the CPD problem. Their general principle is based on the evolution of a family of candidates. In the third type of approaches, a proximal algorithm namely the Block-Coordinate Variable Metric Forward-Backward is presented. The algorithm relies on two main steps: a gradient step and a proximal step. The blocks of coordinates naturally correspond to latent matrices. We propose a majorant function as well as a preconditioner with regard to each block. All methods are compared with other popular algorithms of the literature on synthetic (fluorescence spectroscopy like or random) data and on real experimental data corresponding to a water monitoring campaign aiming at detecting the appearance of pollutants
Temine, Laura. "Modélisation déterministe et stochastique de processus épidémiques : application à la résistance aux antibiotiques." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066491.
Full textEl, Dika Khaled. "Comportement qualitatif des solutions de l'équation de Benjamin-Bona-Mahony déterministe et stochastique." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112194.
Full textWe are interested in the qualitative behavior of solutions of the generalized BBM equation. Our main results :1- Asymptotic stability of the solitary waves of the gBBM eqaution in the energy space H^1. 2- Qualitative description of localized solutions for the gBBM equation traveling to the right. 3- Stability (and asymptotic stabiility) of the sum of N solitary waves for the generalized BBM equation, we prove also the existence and uniqueness of "N-solitary wave", i. E. Solutions behaving asymptotically as the the sum of N solitary waves of the gBBM eqaution. 4- We prove global existence for several stochastic BBM equation, including the case of the space derivative of a noise which is locally white in space and time