Relevant bibliographies by topics / Devanagari alphabet

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Academic literature on the topic 'Devanagari alphabet'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Devanagari alphabet"

1

Mohinder Kumar, Sanjeev Kumar. "Devanagari CAPTCHA: For the Security in Web." Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology 44, no. 4 (October 17, 2023): 292–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i4.837.

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Completely Automated Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart or CAPTCHA is a solution for cyber-attack. CAPTCHA is a small challenge that an internet user has to pass before accessing any online service. The most common type of CAPTCHA is text-based CAPTCHA, in which a small image (contains a random number of alphabets) is presented before the user. The user has to identify and then type the alphabet in a text box. The textual information in the CAPTCHA must not be identified by a bot (computer code). So, artificial noise and distortion are applied in the image. Earlier text-based schemes use English alphabets, but over time non-English language-based text CAPTCHAs also came into the picture. Native language-based text CAPTCHA is very useful for internet users who do not know the English language. This article is an effort towards the current status of the Devanagari script-based CAPTCHAs. We have analyzed 28 unique Devanagari CAPTCHAs from a security and usability point of view. Total 28000 different samples are collected for this experiment. For the success of a text-based CAPTCHA, it must be very secure from the bot and easy for human beings. Devanagari CAPTCHA can be very beneficial for Indian websites. This paper is written by keeping the importance of Devanagari script-based CAPTCHA.
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2

Singh, Kushagra, and Nachiketa Tiwari. "Analysis of stop consonants in Devanagari alphabet." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 133, no. 5 (May 2013): 3610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4806723.

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Regmi, Bhim Narayan. "Multilanguage Orthography for the Languages of Nepal." Gipan 3, no. 2 (November 1, 2017): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/gipan.v3i2.48920.

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The earliest evidence of writing in Nepal is about 250 BC in Brahmi script and almost all the scripts used in present day Nepal—as many as fifteen—are the descendants of Brahmi which are built on the same formative principles of 'syllabic alphabet'. The existence of multilanguage orthographies as well as multiscripts has been the regular phenomenon in Nepal—independent to languages and language families. In the complexity of language-ethnicity and language-script relations, Nepali and the Devanagari script have been bearing the role of linking people in this country resulting from and resulted into a medium of education, media, and wider communication. Many scholars, following UNESCO 1951 report, have suggested for a standard orthography for the languages of Nepal, however, there are other views as well. In this background a Devanagari based multilanguage orthography have been proposed. This will fulfill the need of interoperable standard orthography in Nepal and benefit various types of users belonging to different language communities. The orthography will be shift from syllabic alphabet to alphabet as its systemic shift.
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de Voogt, Alexander J. "The Meroitic script and the understanding of alpha-syllabic writing." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 73, no. 1 (January 28, 2010): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x0999036x.

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AbstractAt the time of its decipherment by Griffith (1911), the Meroitic writing system was considered an alphabet. This alphabet was found to have a rather limited vowel notation. It was not until 1970 that the system was understood to have a more complex vowel notation. This system of vowel notation is comparable to what is found in an alpha-syllabary, a term used to describe the scripts of the Indian sub-continent, such as Brahmi and Devanagari. Since alpha-syllabaries were rare when the Meroitic writing system was in use (c. 200 bce–c. 500 ad), it is tempting to suggest a possible historical connection between the Meroitic kingdom in Sudan and the then existent scripts in India. A systematic analysis, as opposed to a description of alpha-syllabic writing, indicates that the structure of this type of script is less regionally confined. Rather, it places Meroitic writing among scripts that were created in the presence of alphabetic writing both in modern and in ancient times.
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Mullaney, Thomas S. "Facing the World: Towards a Global History of Non-Latin Type Design." Philological Encounters 3, no. 4 (November 27, 2018): 399–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24519197-12340050.

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Abstract This essay serves as the entry point into a broader exploration of critical issues in the history of “non-Latin” type design—that is, type design beyond the Latin alphabet. With special emphasis on certain scripts (Arabic, Chinese, Greek, and Devanagari, among others) and regions (South Asia, East Asia, South Africa, and beyond), this special issue brings together practicing designers and scholars, federating rigorous archival work, practice-based insight, and a deep engagement with the global history of the written, designed, and printed word.
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Dubey, Namrata, Naoko Witzel, and Jeffrey Witzel. "Script differences and masked translation priming: Evidence from Hindi-English bilinguals." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 11 (January 1, 2018): 2421–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021817743241.

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This study reports on two experiments investigating the effects of script differences on masked translation priming in highly proficient early Hindi-English bilinguals. In Experiment 1 (the cross-script experiment), L1 Hindi was presented in the standard Devanagari script, while L2 English was presented in the Roman alphabet. In Experiment 2 (the same-script experiment), both L1 Hindi and L2 English were presented in the Roman alphabet. Both experiments revealed translation priming in the L1-L2 direction. However, L2-L1 priming was obtained in the same-script experiment, but not in the cross-script experiment. These findings are discussed in relation to the orthographic cue hypothesis as well as hypotheses that hold that script differences influence the distance between the L1 and L2 in lexical space and/or cross-language lateral inhibition. We also provide alternative accounts for these results in terms of how orthographic cues provided by L1 targets might lead to the discontinuation or disruption of processing for L2 primes.
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7

Mullaney, Thomas S. "The Font that Never Was: Linotype and the “Phonetic Chinese Alphabet” of 1921." Philological Encounters 3, no. 4 (November 27, 2018): 550–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24519197-12340049.

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Abstract Since the invention and globalization of hot metal printing in the United States and Europe, engineers and entrepreneurs dreamt of a day when linotype and monotype technologies would absorb Chinese script into its growing repertoire of non-Latin writing systems, just as they had Arabic, Armenian, Burmese, Devanagari, Hebrew, Korean, and over one hundred other scripts. In the early 1920s, the much-celebrated release of a new font—the “Chinese Phonetic Alphabet” by Mergenthaler Linotype, and later by the Monotype corporation—led many to believe that the day had finally come. This article charts out the quixotic history of Linotype and Monotype’s efforts to enter the Chinese market, examining the linguistic challenges that had long prevented China’s absorption into a Western-dominated “hot metal empire,” the design process by which artists in Brooklyn and London crafted these new fonts, and ultimately the cultural misunderstandings that doomed the projects to failure.
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8

Weekes, Brendan Stuart Hackett. "Literacy in Contact and in Context." Letrônica 13, no. 4 (September 3, 2020): e37538. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-4301.2020.4.37538.

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According to UNESCO, at least 2500 languages are vulnerable. Chinese, English, Spanish, Arabic, Hindi, Portuguese, Bengali, Russian, Japanese, French are “hegemons” - each having at least 100 million native speakers and accounting for over 51 percent of the global population. Half of the hegemons are written with an alphabet. For the non-alphabetic group, native speakers may read and write in logographic (e.g. Chinese) or syllabic writing systems (e.g. Devanagari) or both (e.g. Japanese). In languages that are spoken by less than one million people, Latin, Arabic and Chinese writing systems dominate but they do not always map to local dialects transparently. Multi-literacy is a growing global phenomenon particularly in Asia. In the 21st century, access to electronic literacy will include multi-literate speakers. However, multi-literacy brings questions. Multi-literacy is as old as civilization due to spoken language contact in commerce, ideology and religion. Literacy adapts to new technology via codification of symbols allowing multi-literacy to grow. Documentation of writing has a history but it is not prominent in global policy making. Programmes to develop literacy are reserved for monolingual ‘hegascripts’ (dominant languages) e.g. English. However, neglecting diversity in writing systems in developing countries risks more inequalities if indigenous language speakers are taught literacy in their non-native language only.
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9

PANDEY, Krishna Kumar, and Smita JHA. "Tracing the Identity and Ascertaining the Nature of Brahmi-derived Devanagari Script." Acta Linguistica Asiatica 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ala.9.1.59-73.

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Current research exploits the orthographic design of Brahmi-derived scripts (also called Indic scripts), particularly the Devanagari script. Earlier works on orthographic nature of Brahmi-derived scripts fail to create a consensus among epigraphists, historians or linguists, and thus have been identified by various names, like semi-syllabic, subsyllabic, semi-alphabetic, alphasyllabary or abugida. On the contrary, this paper argues that Brahmi-derived scripts should not be categorized as scripts with overlapping features of alphabetic and syllabic properties as these scripts are neither alphabetic nor syllabic. Historical evolution and linguistic properties of Indic scripts, particularly Devanagari, ascertain the need for a new categorization of its own and, thus preferably merit a unique descriptor. This paper investigates orthographic characteristics of the Brahmi-derived Devanagari script, current trends in research pertaining to the Devanagari script along with other Indic scripts and the implications of these findings for literacy development in Indic writing systems.
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Шарма Брахма Дутта. "Vowel Phonemes in Hindi." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 5, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2018.5.2.bsh.

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An analysis of the present day Hindi, as spoken in the northern part of India, brings to light the fact that this language has at least twenty vowel phonemes, and not simply thirteen. Twelve of these twenty vowel phonemes are oral while eight of them are nasalized. Eighteen of them are pure vowels (monophthongs) while two of them are diphthongs. Two of the thirteen vowels included in the current list of alphabet have given place to two consonants with the result that they have ceased to exist. Most of these vowel phonemes occur in all the three positions, namely initial, medial and final, in the Hindi words. References Agnihotri, Rama Kant. (2007). Hindi: An Essential Grammar. London: Routledge. Chatterjee, Suniti Kumar. (1942). Indo-Aryan and Hindi: Eight Lectures. Ahmedabad: Gujarat Vernacular Society. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.2478. Duncan Forbes. (1846). A Grammar of the Hindustani Language in the Oriental and Roman Character, London: W. H. Allen & Co. Retrieved from: https://ia801408.us.archive.org/ 27/items/agrammarhindstn00forbgoog/agrammarhindstn00forbgoog.pdf. Dwivedi, Kapildev. (2016). Bhasha Vigyan Evam Bhasha Shastra [Philology and Linguistics]. Varanasi: Vishvavidaya Prakashan. Greaves, Edwin. (1921). Hindi Grammar. Allahabad: Indian Press. Guru, Kamta Prasad. (2009 rpt. [1920]). Hindi Vyakaran [Grammar of Hindi]. New Delhi: Prakashan Sansthan. Koul, Omkar N. (2008). Modern Hindi Grammar. Springfield: Dunwoody Press. Pahwa, Thakardass. (1919). The Modern Hindustani Scholar; or, The Pucca Munshi. Jhalum: Printed at the Baptist Mission Press, Calcutta and published by the author. Shakespear, John. (1845). An Introduction to the Hindustani Language. Comprising a Grammar, and a Vocabulary, English and Hindustani. London: Wm. H. Allen & Co. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/introductiontohi00shakrich. Sharan, Ram Lochan. (1920). Hindi Vyakaran Chandrodaya [Chandrodaya Hindi Grammar]. Darbhanga: Hindi Pustak Bhandar. Sharma, Aryendra. (1994). A Basic Grammar of Hindi. Delhi: Central Hindi Directorate. Tiwari, Bhola Nath. (1958). Hindi Bhasha ka Saral Vyakaran [A Simple Grammar of Hindi]. Delhi: Rajkamal. Tiwari, Uday Narayan. (2009). Hindi Bhasha ka Udgam aur Vikas [Origin and Development of Hindi Language]. Allahabad: Lok Bharati, 2009. Tweedie, J. (1900). Hindustani as It Ought to be Spoken. London: W. Thacker. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/hindstniasitoug00tweegoog/page/n6. Verma, Ram Chandra. (1961) Manak Hindi Vyakaran [Standard Grammar of Hindi]. Varanasi: The Chaukhambha Vidya Bhawan. Sources www.wikihow.com/Learn-Hindi https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanagari
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Books on the topic "Devanagari alphabet"

1

(Firm), Suryastra. Devanagari. New Delhi: Suryastra, 2009.

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Miśra, Nareśa. Nāgarī lipi. Dillī: Nirmala Pablikeśansa, 1999.

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3

Dvivedī, Devīśaṅkara. Devanāgarī. Kurukshetra: Praśānta Prakāśana, Kurukshetra Viśvavidyālaya, 1990.

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1923-, Tiwari Bholanath, ed. Hindī bhāshā kī lipi-saṃracanā. Dillī: Sāhitya Sahakāra, 1988.

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Dvivedī, Devīśaṅkara. Devanāgarī. Kurukshetra: Praśānta Prakāśana, Kurukshetra Viśvavidyālaya, 1990.

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K, Singh A. Development of Nāgarī script. Delhi: Parimal Publications, 1991.

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7

Chandra, Lokesh, Vimala Gaṅgāprasāda, Bhāradvāja Rameśa, and Antarrāshṭrīya Nāgarī Lipi Sammelana (1st : 1999 : University of Delhi), eds. Bhāratīya bhāshāoṃ kī sahalipi Nāgarī. Dillī: Nāgarī Lipi Parishad, 1999.

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Ākabara, Caudhurī Golāma. Sileṭī Nāgarī parikramā. Sileṭa: Jālālābāda Lokasāhitya Parishada, 2002.

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Mohan, Sarasvati. Dēvanāgarī-lipiḥ. Sanhose, Kāliphorniyā: Sāndīpani, 1993.

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Mohan, Sarasvatī. Devanāgiri-lipi. San Jose: Sāndīpani, 1993.

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Conference papers on the topic "Devanagari alphabet"

1

Singh, Kushagra, and Nachiketa Tiwari. "Analysis of stop consonants in Devanagari alphabet." In ICA 2013 Montreal. ASA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4799571.

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