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Chai, Hui Hui. "Developing new approaches for transcriptomics and genomics : using major resources developed in model species for research in crop species." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14246/.
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With the estimated increase in global demand for food and over-reliance on staple food crops, the exploitation of agricultural biodiversity is important to address food security challenges. The aim of this study is to develop approaches to transfer major informational and physical resources developed in model plant and major crop species to resources poor crop species, using oil palm and Bambara groundnut as two exemplar crops. XSpecies (cross-species) approach, the core approach of the study, is described as the approach which uses microarrays developed for a given species to analyse another related species. The use of the XSpecies approach (here the cross-hybridisation of DNA from oil palm onto heterologous Affymetrix microarrays for Arabidopsis and rice), is the first experiment reported in oil palm and focused on a bulked segregant analysis of different shell-thicknesses for oil palm fruit. Primers design involved screening candidate probe-pairs filtered using PIGEONS software against oil palm transcriptome sequences generated using 454 sequencing technology. The results provided an insight into the effects of sequence divergence between oil palm and the reference species (Arabidopsis and rice) onto the power of detecting single feature polymorphism (SFPs) in oil palm, implying the importance of close association between studied and model plant/crop in XSpecies approach. The XSpecies approach coupled with genetical genomics was also tested within legumes, with Bambara groundnut as the query species compared to soybean as the resource rich species (20 Mya). A mild drought experiment, conducted in a controlled environment glasshouse, used an F5 segregating population derived from a controlled cross between DipC and Tiga Nicuru in Bambara groundnut. The cross-hybridisation of Bambara groundnut leaf RNA to the soybean GeneChip individual oligonucleotide probes resulted in a total of 1,531 of good quality gene expression markers (GEMs) on the basis of the differences in the hybridisation signal strength. The first ‘expression-based’ genetic map (GEM map) was constructed using 165 GEMs spanning 920.3 cM of Bambara groundnut genome. The first high density DNA-marker genetic map of 1,341.3 cM combining dominant DArT and co-dominant SNPs, developed using the DArT Seq approach, with additional pre-existing microarray-based DArT and SSR markers, was also developed in the F3 segregating population. Both maps were combined to form the first integrated map of 1,250.7 cM with 212 markers. Morphological differences and the rapid reduction in stomatal conductance observed within the F5 segregating population in the drought experiment provided trait data for a QTL analysis. The comprehensive QTL analysis in Bambara groundnut detected significant QTLs for morphological traits using GEM map, including internode length, peduncle length, pod number per plant, pod weight per plant, seed number per plant, seed weight per plant, 100-seed weight, shoot dry weight and harvest index across four linkage groups: LG1, LG2B, LG8B and LG11A. The loci controlling internode length and peduncle length were also consistently mapped to single marker on LG1 in DArTseq map using F3 segregating population, suggesting that these two traits are probably controlled by single gene or two closely linked genes. Despite significant genotypes effects on stomatal conductance tested in ANOVA analysis, no major QTLs were detected, suggesting the contributions of a number of small genetic effects to stomatal conductance. A preliminary homology search using the LG1 linkage group markers and associated gene models showed the ability to develop a framework for identification of candidate genes in Bambara groundnut relative to soybean. The present study also developed the resources for an eQTL analysis in a cross-species context. Translation from major and model plant species to underutilised and resource poor crops is critical to be able to develop many crop species with potential for future agriculture. This study examines some of the approaches which might be adopted and replicated in various underutilised crop species.
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Fowler, John Daniel. "A survey and comparison of bird species inhabiting adjoining developed and undeveloped coastal habitat." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29896.
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Mitchem, Melissa Deanne. "Response of Grass Species to Soil Salt Content and Coversoil Depth on Lands Developed for Coalbed Methane." Thesis, Montana State University, 2005. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2005/mitchem/MitchemM0805.pdf.
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In areas where land is disturbed to extract energy resources such as coalbed methane, improper soil management may result in soils impaired by elevated salinity. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the emergence and growth of three native grass species (Pseudorogeneria spicata, Hesperostipa comata, and Pascopyrum smithii) as a function of i) soil salt content and matric potential, and ii) coversoil depth overlying a saline substrate. The first study consisted of nine treatments, combining three soil salinity levels (0.80, 5.0 and 11.0 dS/m) and three matric potential ranges (-0.1 to -1.0, -1.0 to -7.0, and less than -7.0 bars). Seedling emergence, plant height, aboveground biomass, and belowground biomass were significantly decreased by increasing soil salinity and decreasing soil moisture. A correlation analysis showed matric potential to be more significantly correlated to seedling emergence and growth than soil salinity. This resulted in large reductions in growth when soil moisture was decreased within a salinity treatment. Emergence for plants grown in elevated salinity increased as much as 26.7 % when moisture was high. At low soil moisture, elevated salinity resulted in emergence losses as high as 88.3 %. Losses in aboveground biomass ranged from 23.0 to 97.9 % at moderate salinity and 27.3 to 98.5% at high salinity. Results indicate that the impacts of elevated soil salinity are highly influenced by soil moisture. Irrigation will be an important factor in revegetation of saline soils. Also, investigators studying plant growth on saline soils must closely consider the impact of soil moisture on study results. For the second study, a substrate consisting of a mixture of soil and geologic stratum was salinized to an EC of 11.0 dS/m. Non-saline coversoil was applied on top of the saline substrate at depths of 0, 5, 10, 15, 30 and 45 centimeters. Aboveground and belowground biomasses were significantly greater with increased coversoil depth, with depths of 15, 30 and 45 cm producing similar results. Results suggest that coversoil is necessary to improve plant growth on a saline substrate, but applications of less than 45 cm may be adequate.
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Yngvesson, Markus, and Henrik Andersson. "Biomanagement." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-640.
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<p>The society is changing faster than ever and more and more business is actively seeking help with their organisation. The theory in business management of our time is making man and nature more and more distinct from each other, it celebrates the intellect and logical thinking but forgets about our biological legacy. This paper is arguments for a more natural way of management and compares mankind’s communication with other developed species communication with emphasis on business management. For a durable and long-term development of the society it takes a whole new way of thinking; If everyone is selfish, no one gets anything but if everyone gives everyone gets – to give is to receive.</p><p>In order to connect the theory with the reality interviews and an exercise was carried out on a company in Mälardalen. The interviews were analyzed with the aid of concentrating sentences in to categories in order to survey the activity in the corporation. The exercises were carried out as a statement of the positive effect of cooperation and a giving instead of an egoistic way of acting.</p><p>This paper is to be seen as a wake up call and inspiration for further research than as a psychological or scientific thesis.</p>
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Cheng, Nan. "Special topics on developed miscibility." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Petroleum Engineering and Applied Geophysics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-2228.
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Mofunanya, Belu Emmanuel. "Domestic financing of the agricultural sector with special reference to Anambra State of Nigeria." Thesis, University of Salford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261837.
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Moëll, Caroline. "JERSEY, SURE ! : Special developed jersey knits with color effects." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-13030.
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This study investigates the effect of single jersey, based on its original formas a cylinder. It is also an investigation of color and transforming surfaceof garment.The outfits are based on the cylinder in construction. With some cuts andseams, developed into garments. The surface of the fabric has qualities recognizable to rib, but the constructionis different. By using cotton and polyester yarns, the stripesshrinks in different directions and when the body integrates with thefabric, shape, gravity and movement will make the material transform byopen and closing the lines. Different color effects are presented in the collection. The result is suggestingdifferent color effects, depending on size of the stripes, the saturationof the colors and the placement on the body.
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Frangakis, Achilleas S. "Noise reduction and segmentation techniques developed for multidimensional electron microscopy of biological specimens." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962126888.
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Hawthorne, Helen. "The least developed countries, the World Trade Organisation and the norm of special treatment." Thesis, City University London, 2011. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1120/.
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This thesis examines the special treatment of the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) in the World Trade Organisation (WTO). The categorisation of the LDCs by the United Nations in 1971 not only created a new classification of counties, but also created an international norm of special treatment for these countries. The norm of special treatment for LDCs has, since then, slowly spread throughout the international system and has been institutionalised in many international organisations, including the WTO. Evidence of the institutionalisation of the norm within the WTO can be found in its founding documents and agreements, as well as in the Doha Development Agenda. This institutionalisation of the norm has meant that LDCs have been provided with special treatment in the trade regime, which is not provided to other categories of member. This thesis will trace the development and institutionalisation of the international norm of special treatment for LDCs and will focus specifically on its institutionalisation within the GATT/WTO. The thesis uses the concept of the norm lifecycle to demonstrate how the norm of special treatment for LDCs has grown in strength over time and become institutionalised, but has yet to be fully internalised. Through the use of case studies looking at accession, market access and cotton, it argues that the recent agency of the LDCs means that they can be seen as norm entrepreneurs helping to further the norm of special treatment by their appeals to it.
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Langendoen, David, Pamela J. Mims, Brook Morrill, et al. "Developer-Researcher Collaborations: Developing and Evaluating Education Technology Learning Products." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/184.
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During this session, three education game developers funded by the ED/IES Small Business Innovation Research (ED/IES SBIR) program to create commercially viable learning games will discuss why and how they have partnered with outside education researchers to build capacity for their project. The session will feature short video demonstrations of the education technology games that are being developed and brief presentations on the iterative research that are being conducted to inform refinements to the technology and the pilot studies that are being performed to evaluate the promise of the games to increase student learning. The discussion will center on the benefits and challenges related to game developer-researcher collaborations.
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Preece, Heidi S. "Teacher-And Student-Developed Summaries of Performance: Perceptions of Teachers and Vocational Rehabilitation Counselors." DigitalCommons@USU, 2015. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4542.
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Students receiving special education services occasionally experience problems with accessing adult services after graduation. Mandated by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act reauthorization of 2004, the summary of performance (SOP) is a document that should ideally provide necessary information to adult service providers on needed services and eligibility of a student after graduation. This project examined student-completed portfolios and teacher-completed SOP forms to determine which form was more useful for providing necessary documentation for eligibility. Participants were vocational rehabilitation (VR) counselors and special education teachers who evaluated a student-completed portfolio compared with a teacher-completed SOP form in an online survey. Variables assessed by VR counselors included (a) value of the information provided for determining eligibility, (b) value of the information provided for plan development, (c) value of the information provided for identifying functional limitations, (d) comprehensiveness of information, (e) usefulness for communicating with other professionals, (f) usefulness for communicating with family members, (g) usefulness in creating familiarity with student, (h) time required to conduct review, and (i) time required to read/comprehend the document compared to value. Special education teachers evaluated and compared a student-completed portfolio with a teacher-completed SOP form using a similar survey. Variables assessed by special education teachers included (a) value of the information provided for determining postsecondary goals, (b) value of the information provided for transition plan development, (c) value of the information provided for identifying functional limitations, (d) comprehensiveness of information, (e) usefulness for communicating with other professionals, (f) usefulness for communicating with family members, (g) usefulness in creating familiarity with student, (h) time required to conduct review, and (i) time required to read/comprehend the document compared to value. The results show that a student-completed portfolio was rated more favorably than a teacher-completed form on most variables. VR counselors reported receiving a more complete picture of a student in the student-completed form. Special education teachers rated the student-completed portfolio as higher in value than the teacher-completed SOP. Findings suggest the need for more research on a student-completed portfolio as an SOP.
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Norland, Eric Randall. "Stand dynamics of young, mixed-species forests that develop after clearcutting in Southeastern Ohio /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487859879940015.
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Benýrová, Pavla. "Účetnictví developera." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201573.
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The diploma thesis deals with accounting issues of property development. The main aim of the thesis is to determine why financial statements based on Czech accounting rules of some property developers are significantly different. Additionally this thesis define how various aspects of property development influence accounting. Theoretical knowledge is shown from practical side by using the example of a fictional case study.
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Alsaedi, Amany. "The teaching of EFL speaking in developed secondary public schools for females in Saudi Arabia : a case study." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/374753/.
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This study investigates the teaching methods for EFL speaking in developed secondary schools for females in Saudi Arabia. The research methodology employed in this study was a qualitative case study, in which the main data collection techniques are classroom observations and interviewing. The study aims to understand and evaluate the teaching methods of EFL speaking by determining the extent in which the teaching methods of EFL speaking address the different aspects of speaking, based on the theoretical conceptualisation presented in the thesis, namely accuracy versus fluency, speaking functions, speaking as a skill versus knowledge of the language, communication routines, negotiation skills, speaking strategies, and conversation features. The study also examines the use of mother tongue in the classroom by the teachers as well as the students and its purpose. The findings of classroom observation reveal that the teachers mostly implement a traditional method of teaching, where instruction is led by the teachers and the roles are rigidly defined. However, the communicative approach is employed to some extent by the teachers, where group work is sometimes used. The classroom interaction is led and dominated by the teachers, where students’ contribution to classroom talk is limited. In addition, the various aspects of EFL speaking were not taught explicitly to the students. Hence, there is not any guarantee that all students will acquire the desired skills of EFL speaking. It is found also that the English language is largely employed by the teachers in the classrooms, where their use of the mother tongue is limited. However, the students use Arabic most of the time. In addition, the study provides an understanding of the teachers’ and students’ opinions about EFL learning, their EFL speaking knowledge, the nature of EFL speaking and its value, and the current EFL speaking teaching methods. The interview data reveals that the teachers and students generally have a positive attitude towards English language learning and show a desire to develop their English language speaking. However, the teachers and students have an undeveloped understanding about the nature of EFL speaking and its related aspects. The teachers believe that the current teaching methods are a good way to teach EFL speaking. However, they believe the speaking skill does not receive enough emphasis in the textbook. The students, on the other hand, are not satisfied with the teaching strategies they experience, and most of them declare that these strategies need to be modified, as they believe that they don’t have enough opportunities to practice the language in the classroom. The thesis provided detailed description of how EFL speaking is taught inside the developed secondary schools for females in Saudi Arabia and proposed recommendations to improve it.
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Hegazy, Khaled Abdel Aziz Mohamed. "Accounting reforms as an aid to economic development in less developed countries : with special reference to Egypt." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337872.
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Marman, Kimberly A. "Supports and Procedures Teachers Use to Develop Transition IEPS| A Qualitative Study." Thesis, Capella University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10937715.
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<p> This basic qualitative study sought to understand the supports and procedures special education teachers were using to write transition Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for students with disabilities ranging from 16-21 years of age. The focus of the study was to explore the supports and procedures used by the special educators for writing transition IEPs that are compliant with the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and the federal compliance indicator, Indicator 13. Data were collected using purposive nonprobability and network sampling methods to recruit the 14 special educators who teach in a K-12 school district, case manage students with disabilities ages 16-21, write compliant transition IEPs, and have taught for three or more years. The participants from a Midwestern state in the United States were asked interview questions in face-to-face, semistructured, and individualized interviews. Data from the interviews indicated that special educators are including information from transition assessments, gaining insights from training opportunities, collaborating with colleagues, retrieving information from websites, using examples, accessing special education unit or district supports to write compliant transition IEPs for students with disabilities. Although special educators indicated a variety of different supports and procedures, there were clear barriers to continually writing compliant transition IEPs, with the greatest barriers being the need for better training and resources. The results of the study provide an opportunity for further exploration and understanding of supports and procedures special educators are using to write compliant transition IEPs. Future research is recommended to determine if the results of this study correspond to the supports and procedures special educators are using in other states to write compliant transition IEPs and to analyze why particular age-appropriate transition assessments are being used to support the transition planning for students with disabilities.</p><p>
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Bergmann, Christine L. "Elemental Analyses of Archaeological Bone Using PXRF, ICP-MS, and a Newly Developed Calibration to Assess Andean Paleodiets." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7264.
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As a result of the quick rise of pXRF technology in archaeology, there are concerns regarding the reliability and validity of data output acquired from pXRF. In this study, I test the hypothesis that portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry can provide reliable and valid results, using newly developed calibration curves, for the analysis of archaeological animal and human skeletal materials in prehistoric Peru to address hypotheses about ancient diet and trade. While pXRF systems may come with calibration software, the few if any standards and reference materials provided with the instrument rarely correspond to the vast array of archaeological materials capable of being analyzed by pXRF, including archaeological bone specimens. Empirical calibration curves for Ba, Ca, Fe, and Sr were created using the linear regression analysis of 19 human and animal bone standards analyzed via pXRF and ICP-MS. The results suggest the calibrations for Ca and Sr are sound, but the calibrations for Ba and Fe need to be further improved.
In order to assess the reliability of pXRF (i.e. precision and accuracy), statistical analyses of 60 measurements on human bone specimens as well as on 19 human and animal bone specimens was performed in this study. The results indicate that the precision of pXRF is reliable, but additional work is needed with regard to accuracy. In contrast, the analysis of forty-four prehistoric human and animal bone specimens from varying regions in Peru were used to test the validity of pXRF. The pXRF data support the notion that pXRF is a valid technique to use in the analysis of bone specimens to address archaeological questions regarding paleodiet and possible trade interactions among individuals that reside in the highland and coastal valley regions of Peru
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Muhammad, Kwestan Rafat. "Biochemistry of antioxidants : antioxidant capacity measurment methods and their application to develop useful indicators of stability and functionality in food matrices." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1089.
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Antioxidant properties of green tea (GT) have been widely reported. The antioxidant capacity (AOC) of green tea was investigated to include the effect of infusion time over 24 hours. The AOC was measured by the FRAP, DPPH, TEAC, and CBA assays. It was proven according that after 2 hours of brewing, tea has higher AOC and Total phenolic content (TPC), these significantly decreases after 4 hours. GT has a high amount of polyphenols with potent AOC. However, interactions between polyphenols and food matrix may decrease their potential benefit. The objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that the addition of milk (full fat, semi-skimmed, and skimmed) may affect the phenolic content and AOC was measured. The results indicated the plain GT had highest activity; then tea with FFM had a significantly higher amount of AO than others. Plant extracts possess health promoting properties. The objective of this study was to determine the TPC and AOA of different concentrations of spice extracts (fennel, clove, cardamom, cinnamon, ginger, anise, and black pepper) with DPPH, TEAC and Rancimat methods. At low concentration, black pepper had a highest activity but at high concentration, ginger showed the highest activity among the extracts. The TPC for spice extract was greater for anise. Results provided evidence that the studied spices may be used as a natural AO. In recent decades, saliva has emerged as a new way to diagnose and investigate basic health problems. In this study, salivary TPC and AOC were measured after consumption a single cup of green tea with and without of milk. In a healthy adult crossover design. The salivary AOC and TPC were measured before and after consumption up to 3 hours. Results indicated that milk decreased AOC of GT when compared with the control water. The activity reached peak 1 hour after ingestion and then decreased returning to the baseline. Results confirmed that saliva could be used as an easier and safer alternative to blood to assess AOA in humans.
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Marks, Lori J. "Creative Techniques For Using Word Processing Programs To Develop Language Skills In Hearing Impaired Students." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1989. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3729.
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Mulleta, Fantu Farris. "Special and differential treatment for trade in agriculture :does it answer the quest for development in African countries?" Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2877_1297751067.
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<p>The research paper seeks to investigate the possible ways in which African countries can maximise their benefit from the existing special and differential treatment clauses for trade in agriculture, and, then, make recommendations as to what should be the potential bargaining position of African countries with regard to future trade negotiations on agricultural trade.</p>
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Oliveira-Ramos, Djalita N. Fialho de. "Status upgrade: the case of Cape Verde's graduation from the least developed country (LDC) category." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1101.
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Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Cooperação internacional<br>This dissertation presents the main characteristics and development drawbacks of two groups of countries in special situations, specifically LDCs and SIDS. In this context, issues related to international support measures aimed at easing the development process of LDCs are addressed, as well as the (sometimes controversial) question of graduation from LDC status. Against this background, the case of Cape Verde — the first SIDS to ever graduate from the LDC list — is examined, anticipating the consideration of crucial development financing issues, of particular importance to the country's ability to ensure continued development once its graduation from LDC status takes effect, in January 2008.<br>Esta dissertação analisa as principais características e as dificuldades que se levantam ao desenvolvimento de dois grupos de países em situações especiais, especificamente os PM A e os SIDS. Neste contexto, são abordadas questões relacionadas com medidas de apoio por parte da comunidade internacional, visando facilitar o processo de desenvolvimento dos PMA, e analisada a questão (por vezes controversa) da transição da lista de PMA. Neste quadro, é analisado o caso de Cabo Verde - o primeiro SIDS a transitar da lista de PMA -, com a consideração prévia de importantes questões de financiamento do desenvolvimento, de suma importância para a capacidade do país suster o seu desenvolvimento, a partir da entrada em vigor da sua graduação da lista dos PMA, em Janeiro de 2008.
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Fadhley, Sabah A. "A study of project finance banking : with a special reference to determinants of investment strategies for major petroleum projects located in less developed countries." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1991. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7213.
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The study investigates the motives and objectives of borrowers, lenders and host developing countries in adopting the strategy of Project Finance (PF) when financing a major petroleum project. The overall aim of the study is to develop the empirical basis for a PF theory and to assess its relevance for the less developed countries. The methods of investigation include literature review, desk research, development of case studies and field survey. The study analysed data relating to a large sample of LDC petroleum projects and organised direct interviews with major international institutions. It also organised a mail questionnaire survey which was designed to test its assertions and hypotheses relating to PF strategies. It is shown that project finance can be explained in terms of an eclectic theory which draws its premises from innovations on proven investment, financial and risk concepts. It is also shown that project finance theory represents a system which has its own causes, mechanisms of risk hedging, predictive functions and strategic advantages. In the future, the market for project finance is expected to continue its growth and be strengthened through further financial innovations. The subject is expected to grow even more important both as a proven tool for the investment and financing strategies of host developing countries and as a theory of direct bank participation in major projects located in less developed countries. This study addressed the needs of bankers and industrialists who wish to diversify their business internationally through PF participation in major LDC projects. The study should also be of interest to students of international investment and finance who wish to advance the subject through further research.
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Mills, Daniel F. "A project to develop a team to minister to the needs of families of children with special needs." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Henson, Rick. "Equipping the evangelism council of First Baptist Church of Lecompte, Louisiana to develop a plan of special event evangelism." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
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Rojas, López Maricarmen. "Identification of cross-protective antigens to develop a vaccine against instestinal pathogenic E.coli strains. Special Target to enterohemorrhagic E. coli." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAS002.
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Cette thèse de doctorat s'est déroulée dans le cadre d'un projet européen FP7 (7th Framework Program) MSCA (Marie Sklodowska-Curie action) ITN (Initiale Training Network) EID (European Industrial Doctorates) appelé DISCo (a multidisciplinary Doctoral Industrial School on novel preventive strategies against Escherichia coli infections) coordonné par Mariagrazia Pizza et co-coordonné par Mickaël Desvaux. Ainsi, ce doctorat s'est déroulé pour moitié en Italie au centre de recherche GSK (GlaxoSmithKline) sur le site de Sienne sous la supervision de Roberto Rosini et la direction de Fabio Polticelli de Universita degli Studi Roma Tre. L'autre moitié de la thèse s'est déroulée en France à l'INRA, centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes sur le site de Theix sous la direction de Mickaël Desvaux et Grégory Jubelin comme co-encadrant. Cette thèse de doctorat participe au développement de nouvelles stratégies préventives aux infections aux E. coli pathogènes intestinaux (InPEC), en particulier E. coli entérohémorragiques (EHEC), par une stratégie vaccinale. Dans ce contexte, une approche de vaccinologie inverse a été mise en œuvre pour identifier de nouveaux antigènes candidats qui ont ensuite été délivrés par la technologie GMMA (Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens). Par ailleurs, un domaine épitope potentiel chez les autotransporteurs, i.e. l'autochaperon, a été caractérisé par analyse des séquences protéiques et modélisation structurale<br>Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) are a major cause of large outbreaks mainly affecting developed countries. From 1982 to 2002, a total of 350 E. coli O157 outbreaks were reported in the United States. EHEC infection causes diarrheal disease often associated with clinical complications like hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Although efforts focused on hygiene have been implemented in the food supply chain to reduce the risk of the foodborne E. coli O157 infection, outbreaks caused by this pathogen are still common. In addition, antibiotic-based therapy is discouraged for their potential undesirable effect in releasing shiga-toxin from the bacteria. Among non-antibiotic preventing strategies, vaccine development is warranted, still nowadays a licensed vaccine specific for human use against EHEC is not available. In this study, we used the Reverse Vaccinology approach applied on the EHEC O157:H7 genome to select new potential vaccine candidates. We identified a panel of 24 of potential protein antigens and we successfully expressed three of them in Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA) delivery system. GMMA expressing these vaccine candidates resulted to be immunogenic, raising a specific antibody response for two of the selected antigens. In particular, immunization with MC001 candidate was able to reduce intestinal EHEC O157:H7 colonization lowering the bacterial count in feces, colon and ceacum tissues in mice. This candidate was found to be homologue to the Salmonella Typhimurium Lipid A deacylase enzyme (LpxR) and to our knowledge this study was the first report describing it as vaccine candidate. Also, gene distribution and sequence variability analysis showed that MC001 was mainly present and conserved in EHEC O157:H7 and in some EPEC. Given the high genetic variability among and within these pathotypes, the identification and inclusion of this conserved candidate in a vaccine might cover against major intestinal pathogenic strains. Furthermore, because it has been showed that during the infection process some autotransporters, as MC021 can be reactive, we also analysed molecular determinant with an important role for their proper secretion and folding, namely the autochaperon (AC) domain. It appeared the AC is a common feature of autotransporters but strictly associated with passenger domains exhibiting a –helix fold. Their exposition at the bacterial cell the surface further positions the AC as a potential antigenic target and/or development of new treatments. These findings further provide new research directions for the development of non-antibiotic preventive strategy against InPEC in human but also animal
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Frie, Gudrun Louise. "Organizing, describing, analyzing, and retrieving the dissertation literature in special education : a case study using microcomputer technology to develop a personal information retrieval system." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28047.
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This study analyzed special education dissertations published in Dissertation Abstracts International, 1980 to 1985. Keywords, describing the substantive content of each abstract and title, were assigned according to principles used in controlled and natural language indexing. A bibliometric analysis was performed to identify a core vocabulary representing frequent concepts and ideas and the most productive institutions awarding doctorates in special education. Descriptive and bivariate (chi square) analyses were also conducted illustrating relationships between demographic variables: year of completion, sex of author, degree awarded, page length, institution; and content variables: category of special education, research type, and data analysis technique. Finally, a microcomputer information retrieval system was developed to provide better access to the dissertation literature.
Results indicated that a greater number of women choose to do doctoral work, graduate with Ph.D. degrees and write longer theses. The keyword index illustrated a wide diversity of topics being pursued. The microcomputer personal information retrieval system is multifaceted, is available for searching, may describe the vocabulary, and will accommodate the growing dissertation base in special education.<br>Education, Faculty of<br>Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of<br>Graduate
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Gregg, Samuel. "Challenging the modern world : Karol Wojtyla/John Paul II and the development of Catholic social teaching (with special reference to industrial relations, capitalism and relations between developed and developing nations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390343.
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Dvořáková, Markéta. "Projektové financování developerského projektu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17318.
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The theoretical part of this thesis explains the process of real estate project financing, describes its main features, characterizes participants of the process and main forms of project loans. It also depicts the feasibility study as a key source of project bank loan application, describe collection of loan documents, guarantees and hedging agreements and provide an overview of the methods used to evaluate the effectiveness of the project. The analytical part describes a particular project of development of a residential real estate and its project finance funding. Furthermore, the final section analyses the effectiveness of given project and the parameters of provided project bank loan.
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Jones, Taylor J. "Documentation of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses in wine grape varieties and native grape species in Virginia, and examination of the movement of grapevine leafroll disease to develop management strategies." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49567.
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Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-2 (GLRaV-2), GLRaV-3, and grapevine fleck virus (GFkV) are widespread in grapes around the world. These viruses can cause significant crop loss and affect wine quality by reducing sugar accumulation and compromising skin color. Mealybugs are vectors of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaVs). A statewide survey of commercial and wild grapevines in Virginia was conducted during 2009 through 2011. Also, vector management options were tested in two field studies. GLRaV-2, GLRaV-3, and GFkV were detected in 8%, 25%, and 1%, respectively, of over 1,200 vine samples (41 wine grape varieties) from 77 locations, and 64% of vineyards were positive for at least one of the tested viruses. All 100 wild grapevines tested were free of these three viruses, indicating that they are not alternative hosts. The majority of infected vines from commercial vineyards were planted prior to the 1990\'s; however, some new plantings were also found to be positive, indicating movement of the viruses among vineyards and also potential infection prior to planting. The high frequency of virus-infected vines emphasizes the importance of clean plant materials, as well as management of vector insects. The insecticide trials resulted in promising vector control with dinotefuran and spirotetramat; however, acetamiprid and pryrethroid resulted in an increase in mealybug population. This study is the first to examine multiple grape viruses in VA. It will aid in developing better strategies aimed at controlling mealybugs to restrict the movement of viral diseases.<br>Master of Science in Life Sciences
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Mortimer, Hannah. "A study to evaluate how the Music Makers Approach can be used as a training method to develop reflective practice in pre-school workers in the voluntary and private sectors." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370057.
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Rodde, Charles. "Individual feed efficiency in fishes : direct measurement methods and indirect predictors to develop selective breeding programs in two major aquaculture species : European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax and Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTG044.
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L’aliment utilisé en pisciculture est onéreux et impacte l’environnement. Améliorer l’efficacité alimentaire (EA) pour produire la même quantité de poisson en utilisant moins d’aliment est un objectif majeur pour rendre l’aquaculture plus durable. Cet objectif pourrait être atteint grâce à la sélection génétique, mais cela nécessite des méthodes de phénotypage individuel, et mesurer la prise alimentaire individuelle est complexe chez le poisson. Les deux meilleures méthodes, à l’heure actuelle, consistent soit à élever les poissons individuellement, soit à les marquer avec un tag externe pour les identifier visuellement au sein de petits groupes. Je me suis focalisé sur des questions d’importance critique en lien avec l’estimation de l’EA individuelle, chez deux espèces aquacoles majeures, le bar Européen Dicentrarchus labrax et le tilapia du Nile Oreochromis niloticus. J’ai démontré qu’estimer l’EA individuelle au stade juvénile chez le tilapia du Nil permettait de prédire l’EA sur l’ensemble du cycle de production. Ensuite, j’ai comparé les deux méthodes de phénotypage chez le tilapia du Nil, et observé qu’elles ne fournissent pas des estimations équivalentes. Enfin, j’ai aussi constaté que les poissons les plus efficaces à taux de rationnement restreint n’étaient pas les plus efficaces à satiété, chez les deux espèces.Les deux méthodes de phénotypage demeurent, cependant, fastidieuses. J’ai, en conséquence, cherché de potentiels critères de sélection indirecte qui soient plus faciles à mesurer. Chez le bar européen, il n’y avait pas de corrélation entre l’EA individuelle et le taux métabolique individuel (estimé par la consommation d’oxygène). Par ailleurs, j’ai résolu des problèmes d’ordre méthodologique afin d’implémenter l’analyse de la signature isotopique, grâce à l’échantillonnage non létal des écailles, en tant que critère de sélection indirecte.Pour conclure, sélectionner les poissons au stade juvénile semble fiable et permettra de réduire les coûts de sélection. La méthode de phénotypage de l’EA individuelle à utiliser pour faire de la sélection génétique dépend, cependant, de l’espèce. En particulier, la structure sociale de l’espèce doit être prise en compte dans le choix de la méthode la plus appropriée. En outre, les poissons devraient être phénotypés dans des conditions d’élevage et de nourrissage aussi proches que possible de celles en élevage commercial. Le taux métabolique pourrait être utilisable en tant que critère de sélection indirecte si couplé avec des mesures de l’excrétion d’ammoniac ou de la composition corporelle. Quant à l’analyse de la signature isotopique des écailles, elle est techniquement réalisable et nécessite d’être plus amplement étudiée<br>In finfish aquaculture, feed is expensive and has environmental impacts. Improving feed efficiency (FE) to produce the same amount of fish with less feed is a major objective for sustainable aquaculture. This can be achieved by selective breeding but this requires methods for individual phenotyping, and measuring individual feed intake (FI) is technically challenging for fishes. The two best methods, to date, are either to rear fish individually or to tag them externally so that they can be visually identified while reared in small groups.I investigated some important issues related to estimation of individual FE, on two major aquaculture species, European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax and Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. I demonstrated that estimating individual FE at juvenile stage in Nile tilapia was predictive of FE over the whole production cycle. Then, I compared the two phenotyping methods in Nile tilapia, to discover that they did not provide equivalent estimations. Finally, I also found that the most efficient fish at restricted feeding were not the most efficient at satiety, in both species.Both phenotyping methods remain, however, tedious. I therefore investigated potential indirect selection criteria that are easier to measure. In European sea bass, there was no correlation of individual FE with individual metabolic rate (as oxygen consumption). Furthermore, I addressed methodological issues for implementation of stable isotope analyses with non-lethal sampling of fish scales as an indirect selection criterion.To conclude, selecting fish at juvenile stage seems reliable and will cut selection costs. Phenotyping method for individual FE towards selective breeding depends, however, upon the species. In particular, species collective behaviour must be considered when choosing the most suitable method. Furthermore, fish should be phenotyped at holding conditions and feeding levels that are as close as possible to commercial practices. Metabolic rate might be useful as an indirect criterion if coupled with measures of ammonia excretion or body composition. Scale stable isotope analyses are technically feasible and require further investigation
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Nilsson, Clara. "Motivating Students within Autism Spectrum Disorder to Develop their L2 English Language : Teaching Methods for Motivation in Swedish Secondary Schools." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-76311.
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Drawing on theories about and previous research on second language (L2) motivation and students with special needs, the present study adopts a content analysis approach to examine how L2 English teachers, in Swedish secondary schools, motivate students within Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to develop their English language. This topic was investigated by interviewing three teachers at different schools with experience of working with ASD students. A semi-structured interview format was used. The findings revealed that the teachers used many different methods in order to motivate their students. They deliberately planned for their students to feel included in the plan for their respective education in English and often connected assignments to individual students’ interests. Further, they praised their students’ positive qualities and tried to work so that the students saw that there was a ‘profit’ from completing each assignment. Furthermore, the investigation revealed that different study materials could be useful for students within ASD. One of the teachers had received advice from The National Agency for Special Needs Education and Schools to apply to the teaching of students in special needs education; she found the suggested advice complex.
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Darrington, Ian A. "Trumpet mouthpieces : an in-depth study : an investigation into trumpet mouthpiece design of the twentieth century and the relationship that has developed between design, the players and the music with special reference to jazz and big band music." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411585.
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Ahlin, Lars. "How do we start the engine? - A study of staff´s understanding of factors that affect the student´s condition to develop their initiative on a special school." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-30323.
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Studien har utförts på en gymnasiesärskolas individuella program. Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilka uppfattningar pedagoger och elevassistenter har om elevernas förutsättningar att utveckla sin initiativförmåga. Följande problemformuleringar har använts, Vilka faktorer inkluderar pedagogerna och elevassistenterna på en gymnasiesärskolas individuella program i begreppet initiativförmåga och i förhållande till programmets elever? Vilka faktorer anser pedagogerna och elevassistenterna påverkar elevernas förutsättningar för att utveckla sin initiativförmåga och vilka konsekvenser får dessa faktorer för mötet mellan elev och skola? Studien utgår från forskning om samspel, delaktighet och Self-determination. Undersökningsmetoder som har använts är observation och intervju. Inledningsvis observerades två elever i två olika klasser under en hel arbetsdag, detta för att studera interaktionsmönster och de förutsättningar som råder i verksamheten för eleverna att kunna utveckla och ta egna initiativ. Resultaten från observationerna användes sedan i intervjuerna. Sammanlagt intervjuades 3 pedagoger och 10 elevassistenter, där elevassistenterna intervjuades i tre fokusgruppsintervjuer. Resultatet har tolkats i förhållande till det kommunikativa relationella perspektivet (KoRP) och det sociokulturella perspektivet. Resultatet från observationerna visade på ett styrande interaktionsmönster där pedagogen tog upp stora delar av det verbala utrymmet. Observationerna visade även att vissa elever behövde någon typ av ”startsignal” för att börja agera. Resultatet från intervjuerna kategoriserades utifrån bemötande, förutsättningar, organisation och pedagogiskt upplägg. Personalen ansåg att den enskilt viktigaste faktorn för att eleverna skall utveckla sin initiativförmåga är personalens förhållningssätt och bemötande av eleven. I intervjuerna togs även upp faktorer som att ”backa” som personal och släppa fram eleven, där eleven så självständigt som möjligt skall få testa sig fram. Att eleven får använda sina egna erfarenheter och sitt eget intellekt för att lösa problem. Men det fanns även en insikt hos personalen att det önskvärda agerandet inte alltid avspeglades i praktiken.
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Ashbee, Elaine. "Educational inclusion for children with autism in Palestine : what opportunities can be found to develop inclusive educational practice and provision for children with autism in Palestine : with special reference to the developing practice in two educational settings." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6546/.
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This study investigates inclusive educational understandings, practice and provision for children with autism in Palestine, using a qualitative, case study approach and a dimension of action research together with participants from two educational settings. In addition, data about the wider context was obtained through interviews, visits, observations and focus group discussions. Despite the extraordinarily difficult context, education was found to be highly valued and Palestinian educators, parents and decision-makers had achieved impressive progress. The research found that autism is an emerging field of interest with a widespread desire for better understanding. Autism was often perceived in terms of deficits, and the breadth, diversity and abilities within the autistic population were not well understood. Although there was general support for the official policy of inclusive education, autistic children were sometimes stigmatised, isolated and excluded. Notwithstanding many challenges, there were examples of dedicated but insecurely funded non-government provision. However, autism was not generally well understood or reliably identified and there was a lack of opportunity for sharing knowledge and practice. The action research dimension of the study identified features of successfully developing practice within two settings and considered the viability of replicating these more widely with in Palestine. Concluding recommendations call for development of knowledge and practice in Palestine, drawing on, but not dictated by, the international pool of knowledge on inclusive autism practice. The study highlights a need for better identification of autism; for building capacity for contextually-appropriate inclusive educational provision; and for reconceptualising inclusion as a process of enabling participation in education. It proposes that there is a need for collaboration between professionals, parents and people with autism to share knowledge and practice, and suggests that this could be achieved through a Communities of Practice approach. It also proposes that Palestinians have much to contribute to the international discourse on the inclusive education of autistic children.
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Hansson, Linda, and Anna Singmo. "Krav i markanvisningstävlingar." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för Matematik, Data- och Lantmäteriteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-13451.
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Det är endast mark som ägs av kommunen som kan markanvisas och när kommunen markanvisar finns det olika förfaranden som de kan välja att använda sig av; ett av dessa förfaranden är markanvisningstävlingar. Oftast gäller det speciella områden där kommunen har en vision och grundidé om hur området ska utformas. Kommunen sätter ihop ett tävlingsprogram och låter byggherrarna utforma sina bidrag som sedan bedöms av kommunen efter de uppsatta kraven i tävlingsprogrammet. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur Sveriges kommuner utformar sina markanvisningstävlingar samt klargöra vilka typer av krav som kommunerna ställer på byggherrarna i tävlingsprogrammen för markanvisningen. Sveriges 290 kommuner har kontaktats varav 200 stycken har svarat på frågan om de använder sig av markanvisningstävlingar eller ej. Undersökningen visar att 43 kommuner har genomfört markanvisningstävlingar från 1 januari 2015 och framåt. Totalt sett har 57 stycken tävlingsprogram granskats. Vidare visar resultatet av undersökningen att kommunerna ställer en rad olika typer av krav, vissa mer specificerade än andra. Resultatet visar också att kommunerna ställer krav som går utöver deras befogenheter, alltså att de bryter mot särkravsförbudet i 8 kap. 4 a § PBL. Utifrån resultatet kan slutsatsen dras att kommunerna strävar i samhällsbyggnadsprocessen att uppnå hållbarhetsmålen. I arbetet med detta ställer kommunerna höga krav på att bebyggelsen ska bidra till en god bebyggd miljö samt en modern hållbarhetsstad.<br>Land allocations can only be performed by the Swedish municipalities on the land they themselves own. When the municipalities design a land allocation, they have different types of procedures to choose from. One of these is called land allocation competition, when chosen its often for an area which the municipality already have formed a vision regarding what it should become. A competition program is created with certain demands set by the municipality, following the developers create a design for the area and present this. Subsequently the municipality consider the designs and choses the one which falls best in line with the competition program. The aim of the study is to investigate how the Swedish municipalities frame the land allocation competitions, and which types of demands they outline in the competition programs. All 290 Swedish municipalities were contacted and 200 of them responded on whether they use land allocation competitions, in total 43 municipalities use such. The study only contains land allocation competitions that have been completed after January 1st, 2015. A total of 57 land allocation competitions have been examined.The result of the study shows that the Swedish municipalities requires different types of demands, some more specified than others. It can also be shown that demands are outlined which extends beyond such defined in the Swedish constitutional law and the planning and building act. In conclusion, municipalities strive to reach goals of sustainable development in the process of building a city. Municipalities demands that exploitation contribute to a sustainable urban planning and design.
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Mulenga, Chipasha. "Trade distorting provisions under the multilateral agreement on agriculture : addressing the question of Africa’s limited participation in agricultural trade." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30055.
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Wright, Josephine. "Who's observing whom? An analysis of the effects of observation on mother-child interaction : (using viseotape recordings and interview procedures to develop an understanding of the special context of the observation situation)." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335281.
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Ngom, Abdoulaye. "L'OMC et l'accès des pays en développement au marché agricole de l'Union Européenne : entre traitement spécial et différencié et statut particulier de l'agriculture." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1G003.
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L’adoption par l’OMC de mesures de TSD utiles pour promouvoir l’agriculture des PED par le commerce agricole a favorisé l’accès des PED au marché rémunérateur de l’UE par des schémas multiples qui ne sont pas encore répartis équitablement entre les PED. Les préférences tarifaires de l’UE accordées aux PED figurent parmi les plus importants instruments de développement commercial utilisés par les pays développés. Cependant, l’effectivité des mesures de TSD reste relative à cause des limites inhérentes à leur contenu influencé par le statut particulier de l’agriculture à l’OMC. L’UE continue de bénéficier d’arrangements spéciaux et pratique un protectionnisme agricole très complexe et très décrié sur le plan externe. Les politiques commerciales, agricoles, sociales, environnementales et sécuritaires en vigueur dans le marché agricole européen neutralisent les efforts consentis par les PED, plus particulièrement les PMA et les pays ACP, pour exploiter les préférences. L’avenir de l’accès des PED au marché agricole de l’UE est actuellement lié à l’aboutissement incertain des négociations du Cycle Doha sur le TSD et l’agriculture. Les Conférences ministérielles de Bali (décembre 2013) et de Nairobi (décembre 2015) ont permis de mettre sur pied des accords partiels et a minima qui semblent maintenir le déséquilibre subtil entre un TSD peu contraignant et un statut particulier de l’agriculture toujours résistant à l’OMC, sans apporter une solution définitive au statu quo de l’accès des PED aux marchés agricoles des pays développés. Les enjeux et les perspectives de l’accès des PED au marché agricole de l’UE dépendent de la direction que prendront les travaux en cours pour répondre aux questions de développement et de libéralisation agricole dans le cadre d’un vrai cycle de développement<br>The adoption by the WTO of special and differential treatment (SDT) measures that are useful for promoting the agriculture of developing countries through agricultural trade has favored the access of developing countries to the remunerative market of the EU through multiple schemes that are not yet evenly distributed between developing countries. EU tariff preferences for developing countries (DCs) are among the most important trade development instruments used by developed countries. However, the effectiveness of SDT measures remains relative because of the limitations inherent in their content influenced by the special status of agriculture in the WTO. The EU continues to benefit from special arrangements and practices agricultural protectionism that is very complex and highly criticized externally. The commercial, agricultural, social, environmental and security policies in force in the European agricultural market neutralize the efforts made by developing countries, in particular least developed countries (LDCs) and ACP countries, to exploit preferences.The future access of developing countries to the agricultural market of the EU is currently linked to the uncertain outcome of the Doha Round negotiations on SDT and agriculture. The Ministerial Conferences in Bali (December 2013) and Nairobi (December 2015) have led to the establishment of partial and minimum agreements that seem to maintain the subtle imbalance between a non-constraining SDT and a particular status of agriculture that is still resistant to The WTO without providing a definitive solution to the status quo of DCs access to agricultural markets in developed countries. The challenges and prospects of developing countries' access to the EU agricultural market depend on the direction of work in progress to address agricultural development and liberalization issues within a real development cycle
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陳憲彰. "Species-specific Primer Developed from Bacteroides forsythus." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99011121450650656493.
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碩士<br>國防醫學院<br>牙醫學系<br>84<br>Previous of studies indicated that oligonuclotide probes combined with polymerase chain reaction for identification of periodontal pathogens, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.), Prevotella intermedia (P.i.) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) exhibited species-specificity and were more better than traditional culture methods; The sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction is nicer than oligonucleotide probe. However, all of these oligonucleotide probes had been published with patent and thus can not conveniently used for identification of these pathogens clinically without authorization. The purpose of this study was to develop species-specific primer pairs for the detection of periodontal pathogen, B.f. The analysis of 16S rDNA under Pc-Gene software were performed and produced the Dendrogram of Phylogen Tree. The hypervariable region of B.f. 16S rDNA were screened by Oligo-software with high G+C content (50%-60%), Tm (60℃), lack of dimer and secondary structure fragments, and 20-22 bps oligonucleotide pairs were selected as primer, Then these sequence were used to compare the Pc-Gene genBank published Procaryotic sequence whether it is complementary with others or not.
At first, this study indicated that the reference strain of B.f. is gram negative, strictly anaerobic and rod shaped as well as nonmotile under darkfield microscopy. Ultrastructural studies of B.f. confirmed that the cells revealed a well-defined inner membrane, outer membrane and no distinct peptidoglycan layer between both membranes with external layer.
Primer pairs, consisting of 22 bps amplified to 527-bp regions of 16S ribosomal DNA genes of this organism. The primers for B.f. did not show to cross-react with other known oral organisms. It implied that the specific 16S rDNA sequence (B.f. paired primers) can be powerful and useful aid in the detection of the periodontal pathogens.
Clinically, subgingival specimens were obtained by Gracey's curette from tooth sites with deep periodontal pockets (> 5mm) and bleeding upon probing in 9 patients. Under one-tube method , PCR reaction was performed in a PTC-100 thermaller, included an initial denaturation at 93℃ for 3min, followed by 30 cycles of a denaturation step at 93℃ for 30", a primer annealing step at 60℃ for 90", a primer extension step at 72℃ for 90" and a final step 72℃ for lOmin. A species-specific 0.5 kb PCR product for B.f. were detected in 1.2% agarose gel (containing ethidium bromide) with UV-light. ThThis PCR product did not show cross reaction with other species (Aa, P.g., P.i.). The B.f. (ATCC43037) 0.5kb PCR product were cloned to TA vector. The minus strain sequence was confirmed via T7 primer by Ganger's method. Direct sequence analysis was performed with the Applied Biosystems of Dyedeoxy(TM) terminator Cycle Sequencing Kit. Pre-reduced medium and ddH2O served as negative control, A species specific cut-sited was proved with double check under specific enzyme. It was concluded that the SS-PCR with one tube would permit the accurate detection of some periodontal pathogens in subgingival specimens qualitatively and quantitatively.
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DOSTÁLOVÁ, Alena. "Secondary succession toward woodland - Changes in the herb layer species composition." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-54134.
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This dissertation focus on spontaneously developed forests (SDFs) on mesic stands. The present tree layer was described and the possible changes in the tree layer was estimated. Influence of site- and context-dependent factors on the species composition and general character of the herb layer was studied in detail. An experiment was established to study seed and safe-site limitation of nine forest herb species.
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Bo-YanLin and 林伯彥. "Develop the organellar DNA markers for Phalaenopsis species." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/c6v75k.
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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>生物科技研究所<br>102<br>Previously, by comparative cpDNA analysis of two moth orchids, P. aphrodite and P. equestris, many evolutionary hot-spot regions were identified, particularly in intergenic spacer and intron regions. In this study, the polymorphic sites located in six intergenic spacers and one intron among 19 moth orchids were further determined and phylogenetically analyzed. To explore the mtDNA as markers, microsatellite located in the mtDNA of P. aphrodite were identified. In total, the primer pairs for 13 mtDNA markers were designed and subsequently been used to evaluate their amplification capability and transferability among moth orchids. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values of 13 mtDNA markers varied from 0.12 to 0.85 in native moth orchids. Based on the combination of 5 mtDNA markers, it could successfully identify 18 out of 19 moth orchids. Phylogenetic tree constructed on the basis of concatenated mtDNA or cpDNA showed distinct relationship among these moth orchids. Furthermore, cpDNA and mtDNA markers were also applied to distinguish the subspecies of P. equestris. The combination of 3 cpDNA markers could completely identify 11 subspecies of P. equestris. Furthermore, maternally inherited mode of mitochondrial DNA was confirmed based on mtDNA markers technology. In summary, we have developed a set of organellar DNA markers that can be used for the identification and phylogenetic studies in Phalaenopsis orchids.
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Jhong-YiLin and 林仲毅. "Develop the chloroplast DNA markers to distinguish Phalaenopsis species." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55606215522792667521.
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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>生物科技研究所碩博士班<br>101<br>Previously, the comparative chloroplast genomic study between two native moth orchids, P. aphrodite and P. equestris in Taiwan have identified many evolutionary hot-spot regions, particularly in intergenic spacers and introns, which are potentially useful as molecular markers to distinguish Phalaenopsis species. To explore the possibility of developing cpDNA as molecular markers, the conserved 28 pairs of PCR primers are designed in the flanking regions of polymorphic sites such as insertion/deletion (InDel), and subsequently have been used to amplify the DNA among moth orchids. Our study showed that based on the length variation of rps16-trnQ(UUG) intergenic region, 15 native species of moth orchids could be successfully separated into 13 groups. In addition, the combination of length variation from any two of the following markers such as the intergenic spacers of trnN-rpl32, rps19-psbA, petA-psbJ, rps16-trnQ(UUG), trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA), rps15-ycf1, petN-psbM, trnE(UUC)- trnT(GGU) and petD intron could be successfully used to identify the three subspecies of P. equestris. Furthermore, the length variation of the intergenic regions such as trnE(UUC)-trnT(GGU), trnN-rpl32, accD-psaI, rps15-ycf1, petN-psbM, petA-psbJ, trnF(GAA)-ndhJ, psbA-trnK(UUU) and using atpF intron could distinguish P. aphrodite and P. amabilis which their morphological traits are easily been confused in cultivation. Moreover, based on the mode of maternal inheritance for plastids in moth orchid, the female ancestor of hybrid species could be correctly traced back according to the cpDNA markers, but it is not consistent with their genealogy registered in Wildcatt database of Royal Horticulture Society. By sequencing the rps16-trnQ and trnR(UCA)-atpA intergenic regions, the location of many variable sites such as InDel, single nucleotide substitution, and simple sequence repeat (SSR) among moth orchids were found. In conclusion, the development of cpDNA molecular markers would be very useful for commercial breeding program and species identification for proprietary variety protection in orchid industry.
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Frangakis, Achilleas S. [Verfasser]. "Noise reduction and segmentation techniques developed for multidimensional electron microscopy of biological specimens / Achilleas S. Frangakis." 2001. http://d-nb.info/962126888/34.
Full text
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Rowlands, Trudi. "The impact of using the scaffolded literacy strategies as developed by Dr. David Rose in a South African special needs context." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1417.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation studies the impact of using the Scaffolded Literacy Strategies as developed by Dr. David Rose, in a South African Special Needs school. The central aim of the study was to establish the efficacy of this approach and whether it would have any effect on the levels of literacy and comprehension of the learners at the<br>Thesis (M. Ed.) - University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.
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Mabuya, Magdeline Olivia Mmakekgathetse. "The impact of inclusive education in special and developed/mainstream schools as perceived by parents, educators and learners in Soweto schools." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6652.
Full textAbstract:
M.Ed.<br>According to the investigations conducted by the National Commission of Special Needs Education and Training (NCSNET) and the National Committee on Education Support Services (NCESS) in South African schools, the findings were that: Firstly, only the minority group benefited in both physical and human resources. The specialised education and support were predominantly provided on racial basis for whites only. Secondly, the government can no more fund these schools. Thirdly, learners with disability want to be out of the cocoon. The purpose of this research was to find out how people in the education system, namely parents, educators and learners in "special" and "mainstream/developed" schools in Soweto perceive inclusion. Since is qualitative research, the researcher interviewed, observed and recorded educators (heads, deputies or HODs) and 4 parents from three different types of special schools, namely Sizwile School for deaf and dumb children, Adelaide Tambo School for the physically disabled and Philip Khushlik School for Cerebral Palsied children. She then interviewed 2 learners, one from J.C. Merkin School for quadriplegic learners and one from Dominican Convent High School. The findings of this research effort suggest that disabled learners do not want to be kept in bedrooms because they feel isolated, excluded and discriminated against. They need to be part of the community. They need a step ahead, a brighter future so that they can plough back something into the community.
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DiStasi, Matthew Robert. "Major Collateral Vessels Develop from Pre-existing Small Arteries through RAC2/NOX2 Independent Mechanisms." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/1862.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)<br>There is no consensus on which vascular segment or what size of vessels is most important in the process of collateral growth, the degree to which these vessels can enlarge, or the mechanisms that mediate collateral vessel expansion and its impairment. Chapter I identifies the major collateral vessels that develop in response to femoral arterial occlusion in the pig, rat, and mouse hindlimbs for comparison to humans. Pre-existent small named arteries enlarged ~2-3-fold to become the major collateral vessels in each species, these major collaterals displayed characteristics similar to large arteries experiencing flow-mediated outward remodeling, and important differences in vascular wall thickness were observed between rodents and pigs. Chapter II utilized Rac2-/- and Nox2-/- mice to investigate the hypothesis that Nox2-NAD(P)H oxidase is required for major collateral growth subsequent to femoral arterial occlusion. Previous studies suggest bone marrow cell (BMC)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the Nox2 subunit of NAD(P)H oxidase plays an important role in neovascularization and recovery of hindlimb perfusion subsequent to femoral arterial occlusion; but did not investigate collateral growth. The hematopoietic cell restricted protein Rac2 has been shown to bind to and activate Nox2-NAD(P)H oxidase and Rac2-/- and Nox2-/- leukocytes display impaired ROS related functions. The data demonstrated that Rac2 and Nox2 are not essential for major collateral growth, but both are important for the recovery of hindlimb perfusion and preservation of distal tissue morphology. Chapter III investigated BMC and antioxidant therapy in the age-related impairment of collateral growth. Aging, like all cardiovascular disease risk factors is associated with elevated ROS and impaired collateral growth. Studies also suggest BMCs promote collateral growth by secreting paracrine factors but elevated ROS may affect the efficacy of BMCs. The data revealed that neither BMC injection nor antioxidant therapy via apocynin enhanced the process of major collateral artery growth in aged mice.
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Hsu, Wei-Min, and 徐維敏. "The Research to Develop the Specialty of Dentistry for People with Special Needs in Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23911143058876422250.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>高雄醫學大學<br>口腔衛生科學研究所碩士在職專班<br>99<br>Background
People with disabilities have poor oral hygiene and have been suffering from decayed tooth and severe periodontal disease since their childhoods. Based on the international research related to the prevalence of dental caries, DMFT, the developed countries, such as the United Kingdom, United States, Canada and Japan, etc., have successfully take proper oral health care for people with disabilities in this day and age; on the other hand, the Special Care Dentistry in Taiwan is just getting start.
Study objective
Appealing for the Specialty of Dentistry for people with special needs to be accredited by the authority, this paper aims at analyzing foreign countries’ research about the system of Special Care Dentistry as a reference for Taiwan government to develop the specialty, and presenting the strong need for dental specialist with adequate training and skills to have people with special needs’ oral health care met.
Methods
Through a series of interactive questionnaires, designed with Likert-type scales and open questions to collect the judgments and feedback towards the development of specialty of dentistry for special needs from 45 professional dentists, the research was carried out by means of purposeful sampling and Delphi Method. Cronbach’s alpha analysis of 0.811 was applied in advance to test internal consistency and reliability by several professional examinees. The process continues until the feedback has been exchanged and the experts reach a consensus view regarding the tremendous dental treatment needs of people with special needs in Taiwan and the demand for more dental specialists who are willing and able to treat people with special needs.
Results
A total of 41 respondents (91.1%) said that the oral health of the disabled is severe, and almost three-quarters (73.3%) reported that in their hospitals, the dentists and staff specialized in oral care for people with special needs are insufficient. 35 respondents (77.7%) indicated they had received inadequate course related to oral care for people with special needs. Nearly 76 percent of the respondents stated that it is necessary to develop the Specialty of Dentistry for people with special needs.
Discussion
The respondents provided viewpoints that Taiwan needs more well-trained dental specialists for people with special needs to meet the urgent oral health needs. With appropriate dental specialists, people with special needs can have their right to a standard of living adequate for the health. Moreover, dentists are positively encouraged to advance their academic knowledge and improve their clinic skills. At the same time, both the health and well-being of people with special needs and the better quality of dental care are the ultimate goal to the Department of Health. As a result, the development of Specialty of Dentistry is beneficial to people with special needs, the dentists as well as the government.
Conclusion
By making use of Delphi Method, the 45 professional dentists have a consensus view towards the severe oral health of people with special needs, the necessity to establish the Specialty of Dentistry for people with special needs, and the required training programs for dental specialists.
In conclusion, with the development of Specialty of Dentistry, those with special oral care needs could find more encouraged and accredited specialists who are willing and capable of special dental treatment.
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Arocha-Gill, Theresa A. "A Comparative Analysis of the Perceptions of Special Education Teachers Regarding Educative Activities To Further Develop Teaching Skills." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-7973.
Full textAbstract:
A comparative analysis of the perceptions of special education teachers in the
San Antonio Independent School District (SAISD) regarding the importance, comfort,
and frequency levels of educative activities to further develop their teaching skills was
conducted by the researcher in order to apply findings to the development of future
professional learning opportunities for this group of educators and to the role of human
resource development (HRD) with regard to adult learning and organizational processes.
Responses were elicited from a selection of educative activities listed on a questionnaire
instrument that was distributed to a non-proportional, stratified random sampling from
the district?s total population of special education teachers in the fall of 2006.
Multivariate analyses of variance resulted in no significant differences in the
importance, comfort, and frequency levels of educative activities as rated by special
education teachers regardless of teaching level or years of teaching experience. The
primary conclusions drawn from this study were: (a) mean responses were homogenous
at the group level regardless of the educative activity; (b) there were no significant perceptual differences found with regard to the rating of educative activities by
importance, comfort, and frequency; and (c) there was a need for more research in this
area to further investigate or substantiate findings due to the exploratory nature of the
study?s design.
Recommendations include:
1. Large scale research comprised of similar teacher samplings and research
design to add to existing studies regarding the perception and selection of
educative activities by special education teachers to further develop teaching
skills.
2. Large scale research comprised of similar teacher samplings and research
design to explore special education teacher perceptions regarding adult
learning and the role of human resource development and other district
department professionals in order to add to existing research when designing
professional learning opportunities for this teacher group.
3. Review of the questionnaire instrument since no significant differences were
found. Items listed should include activities that are distinctly different from
each other. In addition, educative activities may need to be added or
subtracted depending on new findings from research.
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Huang, Ya-Fang, and 黃雅芳. "Phylogenetic Analysis of Antrodia camphorata and Antrodia species based on D2 LSU and ITS rDNA Sequences, and develops simply and rapid identification technique." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35163024579168479160.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>輔英科技大學<br>生物技術系碩士班<br>94<br>Medicinal fungus Antrodia camphorata is one of the most valued mushroom because it grows slowly only on the Cinnamomum kanehirai. The goal of this study was to test D2 LSU and ITS rDNA for identifying A. camphorata and related taxa. The molecular approach typically use to identify fumgi is usually based upon the sequence analysis of the incorporated ribosomal DNA (rDNA). This approach is based upon a concept of highly conserved DNA sequences arising as a consequence of evolution as also highly variable sequences arising amongst species, and even, on occasion, within species. Divergence in D2 domain of the LSU rDNA sequence is generally sufficient to resolve individual species. According to the sequence data from D2 region of LSU rDNA, phylogenetic analysis of this study allows to infer most combination of strains in the same species exhibited a level of bootstrap value of 98% or more. A method to identify Antrodia fungi at the strains and species level, was developed herein, using an internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. ITS amplicons from Antrodia species ranged in size from 543 to 610bp. ITS size of A. camphorata strains ranged from 592 to 596bp. The ITS sequence similarities of various A. camphorata strains examined ranged from 98.4% to 99.3%. Eight other Antrodia species demonstrated less than 71% similarity when compared with the A. camphorata ITS sequence. Polymorphisms arising within ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region can provide practical markers to establish a foundation for the further expansion of ITS sequence database of medically important fungi. The inter-strain comparison of ITS-PCR RFLP sequences of Antrodia strains performed in this work revealed some variability as regards DNA fragment length. From biotechnological point of view, ITS-PCR RFLP would appear to feature a rather substantial potential application for the purposes of product ID and quality control of A. camphorata strains for the commercial production for sale of this fungus.