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1
Signer, Johannes, and John R. Fieberg. "A fresh look at an old concept: home-range estimation in a tidy world." PeerJ 9 (March 19, 2021): e11031. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11031.
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A rich set of statistical techniques has been developed over the last several decades to estimate the spatial extent of animal home ranges from telemetry data, and new methods to estimate home ranges continue to be developed. Here we investigate home-range estimation from a computational point of view and aim to provide a general framework for computing home ranges, independent of specific estimators. We show how such a workflow can help to make home-range estimation easier and more intuitive, and we provide a series of examples illustrating how different estimators can be compared easily. This allows one to perform a sensitivity analysis to determine the degree to which the choice of estimator influences qualitative and quantitative conclusions. By providing a standardized implementation of home-range estimators, we hope to equip researchers with the tools needed to explore how estimator choice influences answers to biologically meaningful questions.
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Adamski, Dawid. "The Influence of New Technologies on the Social Withdrawal (Hikikomori Syndrome) Among Developed Communities, Including Poland." Social Communication 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sc-2018-0007.
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Abstract Hikikomori social withdrawal syndrome was first diagnosed in Japan and means a person who has been isolated from society to an extreme degree. She/he does not attend school or go to work. They do not attend university, they constantly remain at home and most often keep contact with the outside world using new technologies. Hikikomori syndrome is most often recognized as a characteristic problem occurring among Asian societies. Meanwhile, the growing dependence on new technologies among Western societies, and in particular, on the Internet, has caused social withdrawal to become a global problem. Human relationships began to move from the real world to the virtual world, which nowadays is full of communication facilities and allows people to establish relationships with other people without leaving their homes with the help of social media, which are currently packed with advanced solutions connecting people of similar interests or views. All this means that nowadays it is easy to withdraw from physical social life without losing virtual contact with others.
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Holden, Neil L. "Training in psychiatry in less developed countries." Psychiatric Bulletin 13, no. 10 (October 1989): 558–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.13.10.558.
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The declared aim of the World Health Organization, based on the Alma Ata declaration (1978), is to promote health care for all by the year 2000. It is recognised that this can be achieved only by the channelling of efforts into the development of primary health care, with medical care greatly augmented by the utilisation of non-medical carers, traditional healers and public health measures. As in more developed countries, where psychiatry struggles to maintain its share of national health resources against the ever increasing demand of technical advances in physical health care, so the mental health services of the less developed countries constantly are in danger of losing out to physical health in the battle against illness and natural disasters. To redress this balance and to meet the needs for mental health by the year 2000, the less developed world needs more psychiatrists (who are currently estimated to relate to the population at a rate of approximately only one per million) and these psychiatrists need to be appropriately trained to meet the challenges. How can the more developed nations help in this training of trainees from the less developed world? Can a partnership be formed between nations that ensures that trainees in psychiatry, in whichever country, are equipped as well as possible for the needs of their home country?
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Broadhead, J., J. Piachaud, and J. Birley. "Helping to promote psychiatry in less developed countries." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 5, no. 3 (May 1999): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.5.3.213.
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British psychiatry is appreciated all over the world for its empirical approach, its basis as a publicly funded service which is available to all citizens, and for its tradition (shared with the rest of British medicine) of educational connections with many other countries – members of the Royal College of Psychiatrists can be found in 70 countries worldwide. These connections are educational for all of those concerned. For visitors, the experience of seeing what can be done in a different context with different resources – both human and material – compels them, on their return home, to see their usual territory and practice in a new and revealing light.
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Petersen, Emily, and Joshua Pearce. "Emergence of Home Manufacturing in the Developed World: Return on Investment for Open-Source 3-D Printers." Technologies 5, no. 1 (February 9, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/technologies5010007.
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HAMI, Zahra Q., and Boshra F. Zopon AL_BAYATY. "HOME CARE MOBILE APPLICATIONS: SURVEY." MINAR International Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 03, no. 02 (June 1, 2021): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8234.2-3.16.
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Recently, with Coronavirus, mobile applications are becoming more important especially these days because all people stay at home and they couldn't visit the hospital, and the clinic outside becomes a danger. So the use of mobile phone technologies is becoming more and more beneficial for patient care. Mobile technology has the potential to affect health care. The increasing number of people suffering from chronic diseases is putting pressure on the healthcare sector. Population aging is now a major health care concern in many countries of the world. Elderly patients need more healthcare efforts that imply higher healthcare costs, because of that a set of applications have been developed that help care for patients from their homes. In this paper, many mobile healthcare applications are discussedin order to be identified and used to build a new system that helps care for patients from home.
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Andrade, Allen D., Pedro Cifuentes, Marcelo C. Oliveira, Ramanakumar Anam, Bernard A. Roos, and Jorge G. Ruiz. "Avatar-Mediated Home Safety Assessments: Piloting a Virtual Objective Structured Clinical Examination Station." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-11-00236.1.
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Abstract Background Avatars and virtual worlds offer medical educators new approaches to assess learners' competency in home-safety assessments that are less time-consuming and more flexible than traditional home visits. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of implementing an avatar-mediated, 3-dimensional (3-D) home simulation as a virtual objective structured clinical examination station for geriatric medicine fellows. Methods We developed a 3-D home simulation in the virtual world Second Life (Linden Lab, San Francisco, CA) containing 50 safety hazards that could affect the safety of an elderly person at home. Eight geriatric medicine fellows participated in a 16-station objective structured clinical examination, with one station assigned to the 15-minute 3-D virtual world simulation, where the fellow's “home visit” was performed by navigating his or her avatar in the virtual world simulation. The fellows were instructed to find the home safety hazards in the simulated environment and then provide specific written recommendations. Two reviewers independently scored the fellows' written findings against an inventory-based checklist. Results The geriatric medicine fellows scored a mean of 43% ± SD 9 on the inventory-based checklist. The scoring of the 2 reviewers showed a high interrater reliability (88%). Six of the 8 participants (75%) rated the simulation as “excellent.” Four of the 5 women (80%) and none of the 3 men (20%) participating in the virtual objective structured clinical examination needed navigation assistance in the 3-D virtual house. Conclusion The 3-D, avatar-based, virtual geriatric home safety objective structured clinical examination is a practical and acceptable alternative to the traditional home safety visits in an objective structured clinical examination setting.
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Henama, Unathi Sonwabile. "From Township Tourism, Semigration, and Second-Home Tourism." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 12, no. 2 (April 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijide.2021040101.
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Tourism is disproportionally important for African economies, considering that Africa receives less than 10% of the global tourism receipts. The majority of international travel occurs between the developed world, which means that the positive economic impacts of tourism are shared amongst the developed countries. Tourism has become the number one foreign exchange earner for many countries in Africa, diversifying the economy from either agriculture or mining. Tourism is developed with the intention that it will improve the quality-of-life and standard of living of the local community. The tourism industry has shown sustained growth, and it is regarded as a panacea for the plethora of challenges facing many countries. The structural challenges that face the economy in South Africa require an economic sector that can create immediate employment and catalyse the economy.
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Li, Philip Kam-Tao, Gordon Chun-Kau Chan, Jianghua Chen, Hung-Chun Chen, Yuk-Lun Cheng, Stanley L. S. Fan, John Cijiang He, et al. "Tackling Dialysis Burden around the World: A Global Challenge." Kidney Diseases 7, no. 3 (2021): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000515541.
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CKD is a global problem that causes significant burden to the healthcare system and the economy in addition to its impact on morbidity and mortality of patients. Around the world, in both developing and developed economies, the nephrologists and governments face the challenges of the need to provide a quality and cost-effective kidney replacement therapy for CKD patients when their kidneys fail. In December 2019, the 3rd International Congress of Chinese Nephrologists was held in Nanjing, China, and in the meeting, a symposium and roundtable discussion on how to deal with this CKD burden was held with opinion leaders from countries and regions around the world, including Australia, Canada, China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, the UK, and the USA. The participants concluded that an integrated approach with early detection of CKD, prompt treatment to slow down progression, promotion of home-based dialysis therapy like peritoneal dialysis and home HD, together with promotion of kidney transplantation, are possible effective ways to combat this ongoing worldwide challenge.
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G.I., Sheriff, and Esther N. "The South China Sea Impasse and Implications for World Politics." African Journal of Law, Political Research and Administration 4, no. 2 (August 17, 2021): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajlpra-y3rlqcog.
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The paper examines the South China Sea impasse between China and its neighbours in the region as well as the United States, which tries to see the sea as an open maritime area for international navigation. Using the secondary documented literature, findings show that the South China Sea is naturally endowed with variegated natural resources ranging from oil, gas and habitable islands that can be developed and this is the reason behind the impasse. The paper concludes that the South China Sea is increasingly a hotspot of conflict between China and the US; it is the subject of several overlapping territorial disputes. Like in most geopolitical tensions, trade would be a prime casualty in case of an escalation. The paper recommends that China, which is the claimant of the South China Sea, and other countries involved should dialogue and come up with policies that are favourable to all parties involved.
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Komatina, Dragan, Sanja Paunovic Zaric, Ema Alihodzic Jasarovic, Saja Kosanović, Vera Murgul, and Nikolay Vatin. "Climate Changes in the Light of Relation between Highly Developed Countries and the Rest of the World." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 1530–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.1530.
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The paper deals with the influence of eight most developed countries (G8) to climate changes, as well as with reflection of those changes to other countries of the world, which have the same right of the planet as a common home. The beginning of 21st century, technological expansion, economic shifting, the struggle for dominance in economic resources, economic turbulences due to lack of an idea on economic prosperity are the factors which put over than 3/5 of the Earth's population in an unenviable position. The influence of „giants“ to climate changes and decisions regarding planet's preservation, puts without an alternative over 6 billion inhabitants in a position of second class citizens which do not have the power required for resistance to the influence of the strong economic lobby of highly developed countries.
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Timsal, Ahmad, and Mustabsar Awais. "Flexibility or ethical dilemma: an overview of the work from home policies in modern organizations around the world." Human Resource Management International Digest 24, no. 7 (October 10, 2016): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hrmid-03-2016-0027.
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Purpose The primary purpose of this paper is to highlight the pros and cons associated with the work from home policies and how these policies differ across countries and cultures. The main question to be answered is that why a perk or benefit is now being considered as an ethical issue. Design/methodology/approach Opinions of practitioners and examples of some leading controversial work from home policies have been discussed in detail. Examples from the developed countries have been compared with those of less developed countries, to present a cross country analysis. Findings Culture has a significant impact on the flexible work arrangement policies. Although many companies endorse some degree of flexibility for working mothers or parents in general, working from home as a universal policy is still debatable. The decision to offer this facility to employees majorly depends upon the geographic location of that organization. Originality/value All the discussions and views expressed solely belong to the authors. This paper can be extended by adding some empirical evidences from the companies who actually offer this facility to their employees.
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Hair, Adam, Kirrie J. Ballard, Constantina Markoulli, Penelope Monroe, Jacqueline Mckechnie, Beena Ahmed, and Ricardo Gutierrez-Osuna. "A Longitudinal Evaluation of Tablet-Based Child Speech Therapy with Apraxia World." ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 14, no. 1 (April 2021): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3433607.
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Digital games can make speech therapy exercises more enjoyable for children and increase their motivation during therapy. However, many such games developed to date have not been designed for long-term use. To address this issue, we developed Apraxia World, a speech therapy game specifically intended to be played over extended periods. In this study, we examined pronunciation improvements, child engagement over time, and caregiver and automated pronunciation evaluation accuracy while using our game over a multi-month period. Ten children played Apraxia World at home during two counterbalanced 4-week treatment blocks separated by a 2-week break. In one treatment phase, children received pronunciation feedback from caregivers and in the other treatment phase, utterances were evaluated with an automated framework built into the game. We found that children made therapeutically significant speech improvements while using Apraxia World, and that the game successfully increased engagement during speech therapy practice. Additionally, in offline mispronunciation detection tests, our automated pronunciation evaluation framework outperformed a traditional method based on goodness of pronunciation scoring. Our results suggest that this type of speech therapy game is a valid complement to traditional home practice.
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Rivara, Matthew. "Assessment of Patient Experience of Care in Home Dialysis Around the World: Enhancing the Patient’s Voice in Home Dialysis Care and Research." Bulletin de la Dialyse à Domicile 4, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.25796/bdd.v4i3.62803.
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With the global growth in the use of home dialysis modalities, there is a need to better understand patients’ experiences with their home dialysis care. Patient-reported experience measures or PREMs, are standardized survey questionnaires that allow patients to provide input on processes and experiences of care in a confidential and validated manner. Until recently, no validated PREM has been available for assessment of patient-reported experience of care for home dialysis modalities, including peritoneal dialysis or home hemodialysis. The Home Dialysis Care Experience instrument (Home-DCE) is a newly developed and content-valid PREM for use among patients treated with home dialysis modalities. The survey instrument includes 26 core survey questions and 20 demographic questions, and is now available in English, Spanish, and French. Domains of care assessed in the Home-DCE include staff education and patient-centered communication, care coordination, patient safety, concern and helpfulness of the care team, and staff care proficiency. Worldwide use of the Home-DCE will allow incorporation of patients’ experiences and preferences in initiatives to enhance quality of care for home dialysis patients globally. Translation and deployment of a PREM in additional languages should be done using established cultural adaptation methods, the gold standard for which is termed linguistic validation. Translation and linguistic validation are hurdles to global use of the Home-DCE, but challenges that should be met to enhance home dialysis patients’ voice in clinical kidney care.
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Yang, Honggang. "Preserving the Commons in Private Cluster-Home Developments." Practicing Anthropology 14, no. 4 (September 1, 1992): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.14.4.r438501623h87114.
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The thesis of "The Tragedy of the Commons," as developed and popularized by ecologist Garrett Hardin (Science 162, 1968), is a striking recognition of the dangers of freedom of action in an environment which is limited. The "commons" consists of those resources that are needed but are not or can not be assigned private ownership. The concept applies throughout the world and over many different types of resources, such as fisheries, forests, grazing lands, and irrigation systems. Hardin studied the eroding situation of American communal and natural resources and found that "freedom in a commons brings ruin to all."
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Brunner, Carl E. "Germplasm Conservation and the Green Revolution." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no. 1 (1991): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis199131/210.
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As a result of the Green Revolution, modem agriculture in the industrialized world has developed into a monocultural system. Through intensive breeding practices, most food crops grown in the developed nations have a narrow genetic base and are increasingly susceptible to disease and environmental changes. The genetic sources of eroded genes are found in the traditional crop varieties of the Third World However, these traditional, home-grown varieties have been abandoned in favor of the high yielding varieties of the Green Revolution. Analysis of world cereal and food crop production data reveals that the world is food crop interdependent. The essay concludes that in order to assure adequate food supplies, food crop germplasm needs to be conserved.
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Jia, Songmin, Harunori Gakuhari, and Kunikatsu Takase. "Network Distributed Monitoring System for Home Service Robots Based on RT Middleware." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 11, no. 7 (September 20, 2007): 858–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2007.p0858.
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In this paper, we developed a network distributed monitoring system for home service robots to improve the interaction among the users and local service robotic system. Home integration robot system and network monitoring system using QuickCam Orbit cameras were developed and demonstrated from June 9 to June 19 at the 2005 World Exposition, Aichi, Japan. In order to extend the application of system, we improved the developed network distributed monitoring system using IEEE1394 cameras with high performance and high resolution. Robot Technology Middleware (RTM) was used in the developed system. By using RTM, we can develop robotic functional elements as “RT software components” that can be implemented by different programming languages, run in different operating system, or connected in different networks. It is also easy to create comprehensive robot system application by re-using existing RT modules. The developed system can facilitate network-distributed software sharing and improve the cost of writing and maintaining software.
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Walters, Eddison T. "Evidence From Data Analysis, Fifteen Developed Countries and the United States Home Prices Increase Between 1990 to 2006 Result of Advancement In Technology, Worldwide Economic Collapse and Great Recession Result of False Information by Media and Economic Policy Failures: Walters Real Estate Bubble Impossibility Price Transparency Theory, Real Estate Bubble Is Impossible, An End to Economic Policies Based on False Information." International Business Research 13, no. 11 (October 27, 2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v13n11p114.
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Based on the findings of the current study, policymakers must take a hard look at the media and themselves, because the world can no longer blame the subprime mortgage industry for causing the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008. The public must demand answers from the media and policymakers explaining how an economic crisis that could have been avoided resulted in the collapse of the global economy. The lack of evidence supporting the theory of a financial bubble and a real estate bubble called for further investigation of factors leading to the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008. Evidence presented from data analysis in Walters (2018) suggested no financial bubble existed in developed or developing countries around the world, preceding the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008. Based on data analysis in Walters (2018) the evidence also suggested, the lasting effect of economic policies in response to the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008 for both developed and developing countries around the world, had no significant impact on the financial sector but pointed to a lack of economic growth. The findings raised significant questions about the existence of a real estate bubble in both developed and developing countries. Evidence from data analysis presented in Walters and Djokic (2019) suggested the existence of a real estate bubble in the United States real estate market preceding the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008 was a false conclusion. Data analysis in Walters (2019) resulted in, 0.989 Adjusted R-square, 194.041 Mean Dependent Variable, 5.908 Square Error of Regression, 488.726 Sum-of- Square Residual, and 0.00000 Probability (F-statistic), for correlation between the independent variable representing advancement in technology, and the dependent variable representing home purchase price in the United States preceding the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008. The findings in Walters (2019) concluded the rapid increase in home purchase price in the United States real estate market, was due to increased demand for homes from the adaptation of advancement in technology in the real estate and mortgage industries. The current study expanded the investigation of the growth in home purchase price to fifteen developed countries around the world, building on the findings of previous research by the current researcher. The researcher in the current study concluded, the existence of significant and near-perfect correlation in many cases, between the dependent variable representing growth in home purchase price, and the independent variable representing advancement in technology. The analysis was based on data analyzed from fifteen developed countries around the world, which was collected between 1990 and 2006. The data analysis included home purchase price data from, Canada, United Kingdom, Denmark, Finland, France, Italy, New Zealand, Sweden, Netherlands, Australia, Ireland, Belgium, Norway, Spain, and Portugal. Data preceding the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008 were analyzed in the current study. The researcher in the current study concluded the existence of overwhelming evidence suggesting advancement in technology was responsible for the rapid increase in home prices in developed countries around the world preceding the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008. The result of data analysis in the current study provided further confirmation of the accuracy of former Federal Reserve Board Chairmen, Alan Greenspan and Ben Bernanke 2005 assessment which concluded, the occurrence of a real estate bubble developing was impossible due to the Efficient Market Hypothesis, before reversing course subsequent their assertion in 2005 (Belke & Wiedmann, 2005; Starr,2012). The result of the current study provided additional evidence supporting Eddison Walters Risk Expectation Theory of The Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008. The result from data analysis also confirmed the need for the adaptation of Eddison Walters Modern Economic Analysis Theory. As a result of the findings in the current study, the researcher concluded the development of a real estate bubble is impossible where there exists real estate price transparency, as is the case in most developed and developing countries. The researcher presented Walters Real Estate Bubble Impossibility Price Transparency Theory based on the findings. False information of a real estate bubble and predictions of a real estate crash disseminated through the mainstream media and social media can be a destructive force with a disastrous effect on the economy around the world. The failure by the media to hold themselves and policymakers to a higher standard resulted in the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008. The result of the failure by the media was a worldwide economic crisis and the Great Recession that followed the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008. Lessons learned from the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008 can assist in preventing another economic crisis in the future.
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Aggarwal, Jitisha, and M. L. Aggarwal. "Harnessing Solar Energy for Every Home: Energy Saving Applications." Conference Papers in Science 2014 (April 10, 2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/628294.
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Most of the present day resources of energy are limited and irreplaceable. The next generation will face acute energy crisis if alternate resources of energy are not developed concurrently. Increasing cost and import of conventional resources have bad effect on the economy of a country, and the only cheaper solution is “unlimited power” from the sun. The use of solar energy is so far limited in household applications. In fact, if we harness only 0.0034 percent of the solar energy reaching the Earth’s surface, the energy need of the whole world will be met. In the present work, a substitute of 10-watt conventional night lamp has been proposed by a solar night lamp of the same light intensity through an experimental setup. The developed solar system is cheaper, portable, user friendly, and free from maintenance. The paper stresses on the need of replacement of conventional night lamp by solar night lamp in every home for reducing the energy crisis at present.
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Chen, Y. Y. Brandon, and Colleen M. Flood. "Medical Tourism's Impact on Health Care Equity and Access in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Making the Case for Regulation." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 41, no. 1 (2013): 286–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12019.
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Travelling internationally to acquire medical treatments otherwise unavailable or inaccessible in one’s home country is not a novel concept. Conventionally, such medical travel largely entailed patients from developed countries or wealthy patients from the developing world seeking care in Western facilities like the Mayo Clinic in the U.S. and myriad private clinics along Harley Street in London, England. What is different about the topical phenomenon known as “medical tourism” is the growing trend of health services export in the opposite direction. The number of patients travelling from the developed world to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) for treatments has ballooned in recent years, primarily driven by difficulties with accessing affordable care at home. According to a liberal estimate by the Deloitte Center for Health Solutions, the number of Americans travelling abroad for care rose from 750,000 in 2007 to 1.6 million in 2012. On the flip side, Thailand reportedly treated a total of 1.3 million foreign nationals in 2007, which represented a 16% leap from 2001.
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Gershuny, Jonathan I. "Reflections on Home-based Health Services and the Future of the Service Sector." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 1, no. 2 (April 1985): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300000143.
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It has long been assumed that the service sector—that part of the economy devoted to producing intangible commodities—will continue to grow and become the major employer and generator of wealth in developed societies. Such writers as the American sociologist Daniel Bell assume that countries of the first world will advance naturally to become “postindustrial” (i.e., postmanufacturing) societies.“Service workers” already constitute over half the work force in most developed countries, and take comfort from a view which seems to guarantee their future livelihoods. But, their comfort may be unfounded. I shall outline a contrary, less cozy, alternative view, and suggest its implications for the medical sector.
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Jamal, S. M. Khalid. "Empowerment Of Women Through Information And Communication Technology [ICT]." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 6, no. 1 (December 8, 2012): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v6i1.406.
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Our world has seen enormous improvements in mobile telephony, the internet, and ebusiness. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) play a critical and core role in today’s society. All over the world nations have recognized information and communication Technology (ICT) as a powerful tool in accelerating the economic activity, efficient governance and developing human resources. Whether it’s the electronic form of conducting business or social/professional networking over the World Wide Web, ICT has proved that it is a basic requirement for social and economic development. To increase the flow of Information and improving communications and to increase possibilities and opportunities, ICT infrastructure is a rudimentary need. ICT has proved that it is one of the major difference between developed and developing countries. Take for example India. India has achieved the status of the world’s 4th biggest economy, major fraction of which is basically IT driven. The information and communication technology could be used to empower the Women in Pakistan by making the resources available to them at home, where a nearby area / residential based environment could be created for working at home where they could fulfill their home based liabilities as well.
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Gomes, Barbara, Natalia Calanzani, and Irene J. Higginson. "Reversal of the British trends in place of death: Time series analysis 2004–2010." Palliative Medicine 26, no. 2 (January 18, 2012): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216311432329.
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Background: Increased attention is being paid to the place where people die with a view to providing choice and adequately planning care for terminally ill patients. Secular trends towards an institutionalised dying have been reported in Britain and other developed world regions. Aim: This study aimed to examine British national trends in place of death from 2004 to 2010. Design and setting: Descriptive analysis of death registration data from the Office for National Statistics, representing all 3,525,564 decedents in England and Wales from 2004 to 2010. Results: There was a slow but steady increase in the proportion of deaths at home, from 18.3% in 2004 to 20.8% in 2010. Absolute numbers of home deaths increased by 9.1%, whilst overall numbers of deaths decreased by 3.8%. The rise in home deaths was more pronounced in cancer, happened for both genders and across all age groups, except for those younger than 14 years and for those aged 65–84, but only up to 2006. The rise was more evident when ageing was accounted for (age–gender standardised proportions of home deaths increased from 20.6% to 23.5%). Conclusions: Following trends in the USA and Canada, dying is also shifting to people’s homes in Britain. Home deaths increased for the first time since 1974 amongst people aged 85 years and over. There is an urgent need across nations for comparative evidence on the outcomes and the costs of dying at home.
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Sowah, Robert A., Dale E. Boahene, Dalton C. Owoh, Rexford Addo, Godfrey A. Mills, Wiafe Owusu-Banahene, Gifty Buah, and Baffour Sarkodie-Mensah. "Design of a Secure Wireless Home Automation System with an Open Home Automation Bus (OpenHAB 2) Framework." Journal of Sensors 2020 (October 30, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8868602.
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There is rapid interest growing in the use of smart, connected devices. The developing world market for smart technology is evolving to adopt and adapt to the interconnected world of devices leading to the Internet of Things (IoT) everywhere. This research paper presents the design, development, and deployment of a prototype for the secure wireless home automation system with OpenHAB 2. We employed the use of two (2) high-performance microcontrollers, namely, the Arduino Mega 2560, interfaced with a 16-channel relay, and Raspberry Pi Model B, running the OpenHAB software. The Raspberry Pi functioned as the server to develop a prototype of an automated smart home that is remotely controllable from both a web application and an Android mobile app. In designing a wireless controlled switch for home appliances, two security procedures were implemented, namely, the token-based JSON Web Token (JWT) interface and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) procedures for authentication and data encryption. Our system delivered a home automation system that leverages on the power of the latest version of OpenHAB to maximize productivity and overall home security while making it adaptable to the management of individual devices. When tested, both the developed hardware and software modules performed extremely well to meet the goal of a secured home automation system. Industry-standard penetration testing tools and frameworks, including Aircrack-ng, were utilized; wireless network audit began with a full sweep of the wireless frequencies with excellent results. It also ensures the efficient use of energy in the home as devices are intelligently controlled from both mobile and web applications. The results of the design and implementation of the additional layer for the security of the OpenHAB framework provide various theoretical and practical implications for home automation.
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Kyriakarakos, George, and George Papadakis. "Multispecies Swarm Electrification for Rural Areas of the Developing World." Applied Sciences 9, no. 19 (September 24, 2019): 3992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9193992.
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Today, 992 million people still do not have access to electricity globally. Most live in rural areas of the developing world. In 2018, the electrification rate for sub-Saharan Africa was only 27%. Furthermore, off-grid systems are projected to provide 65% of the newly electrified population in sub-Saharan Africa. Current estimations show that the average connection cost per technology in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa is 2000–3000 USD for grid extension, 500–1200 USD for a microgrid solution, and 150–500 USD for a solar home system. The most recent studies for real-world microgrids installed in sub-Saharan Africa show that the average split of capital expenditure (CAPEX) spending on distribution versus generation in microgrids is at 50%/50%. This is the result of the significant cost reduction of photovoltaics, batteries, and power electronics, in comparison with the practically stable unchanged cost of poles and cables. Even if the business model is chosen by the investor—usually a pay-as-you-go implementation—there is still the difficult decision to make on whether to go for a microgrid or solar home systems. Taking inspiration from multispecies swarms, a Multispecies Swarm Electrification approach is developed that is able to meet the real-world needs of the developing world in terms of rural electrification.
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Mubdir, Bilal, Asaad Al-Hindawi, and Noor Hadi. "Design of Smart Home Energy Management System for Saving Energy." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 33 (November 30, 2016): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n33p521.
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The rapid change and development in human life, information technology, and the increase in using home gadgets, modern appliances, and electric cars, leads to more dependency on electrical resources and consecutive increase in CO2 emission from generation plant. The current world issue is on how to save the energy by reducing the consumption and decreasing global warming. In this research, Smart Home Energy Management System (SHEMS) has been developed to operate home appliances in an optimum approach. It is aimed at reducing the consumption energy by detecting the residents’ activity and identifying it among three states: Active, Away, or Sleep. The SHEMS is designed with an algorithm that is based on Hidden Markov Model (HMM) in order to estimate the probability of the home being in each of the above states. The proposed system uses the WiFi technology for data transmission inside home and the GSM technology for external communication. The proposed system and its algorithm was successfully tested and 18% of energy saving were obtained.
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Jeyapadmini, J., K. Iyswarya, G. S. Kiruthika, R. Muthuramalingam, and M. Gayathri. "An Efficient Way of Home Appliances Control Using Smartphone with Secure Efficient Authentication Protocol." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 16, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 715–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2019.7796.
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As the technology grows rapidly the level of sophistication also increases day by day. One of the biggest challenges faced today is the energy conservation with the growth in technology. The conservation of energy starts with the control of the appliance, ranging from home to large industry. Appliances control at home is a way where the energy wasted can be reduced to a minimum. This can be done with the help of smartphones. As the world is shrinks into the smartphones, everything becomes handy. An idea of home appliance control with the smartphones makes it easy for the user to control the appliances inside the home. As every smartphone is provided with the Bluetooth technology, it's tranquil to control the devices inside the home premises. Also with the help of SEAP protocol and the sensors, a secure way of controlling the appliances is made. An Android application for the smartphone is been developed, which is used in the control of the home appliances. Thus the user can control the appliances from their place and conserve the energy without much work done.
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Markus, Hugh S., and Sheila Martins. "COVID-19 and stroke—Understanding the relationship and adapting services. A global World Stroke Organisation perspective." International Journal of Stroke 16, no. 3 (April 2021): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17474930211005373.
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A year ago the World Stroke Organisation (WSO) highlighted the enormous global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stroke care. In this review, we consider a year later where we are now, what the future holds, and what the long-term effects of the pandemic will be on stroke. Stroke occurs in about 1.4% of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection, who show an excess of large vessel occlusion and increased mortality. Despite this association, stroke presentations fell dramatically during the pandemic, although emerging data suggest that total stroke mortality may have risen with increased stroke deaths at home and in care homes. Strategies and guidelines have been developed to adapt stroke services worldwide, and protect healthcare workers. Adaptations include increasing use of telemedicine for all aspects of stroke care. The pandemic is exacerbating already marked global inequalities in stroke incidence and mortality. Lastly, the pandemic has had a major impact on stroke research and funding, although it has also emphasized the importance of large scale collaborative research initiatives.
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O'SULLIVAN, JESSICA, and TONI ASHTON. "A minimum income for healthy living (MIHL) – older New Zealanders." Ageing and Society 32, no. 5 (July 22, 2011): 747–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x11000559.
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ABSTRACTGovernments around the developed world are seeking to meet the challenges of the ageing population through strategies which promote a holistic approach to ageing, captured in catch-phrases such as ‘successful’, ‘active’, ‘positive’ and ‘healthy’ ageing. These strategies are supported by a growing body of research, with a particular emphasis on the prerequisites for health and quality of life. Drawing on that research, and using a methodology developed by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, the ‘Minimum Income for Healthy Living (MIHL): Older New Zealanders’ study used a health lens to investigate the retirement income needs of older New Zealanders living independently in the community. The MIHL was estimated for people living alone, couples, renters and debt-free home owners. In each case, the MIHL estimates were appreciably higher than the universal state pension paid to older New Zealanders. People living alone and those renting their homes were shown to be worse off than couples and debt-free home owners, respectively. The results highlight that many older New Zealanders are living on an income which may not be enough to support a healthy life. This has important implications for the demand for health, residential and social services and brings life to the question of what level of income might be needed in retirement.
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Goody, Alex. "Radio at Home: BBC Drama and the Domestic Listener, 1935–1942." Modernist Cultures 10, no. 1 (March 2015): 62–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/mod.2015.0098.
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In the years before, and at the outbreak of, the Second World War radio drama on the BBC emerged as a genre through which particular questions about nation, home, decency and morality were articulated. At the same time listener research developed, under the auspices of Reith's BBC, as a vehicle for understanding the preferences, habits and situations of the radio audience. Drama and Features were the first areas of radio output subject to targeted research. The reports that were produced by the BBC Listener Research Section provide an invaluable picture both of the nature and responses of specific communities of listener, and of how the radio listener her/himself was conceived. Such evidence can be usefully analysed alongside the types of drama that were developed and broadcast during this period. This essay examines the different kinds of listening subjects there were for radio drama in Britain in the 1930s and early 1940s, how they intersected with contemporary conceptions of the listener, and what situations (both private and political) came to be meaningful in the event of listening.
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Dalil, Saeed, Barend Wind, Abolfazl Meshkini, and Jafar Javan. "Narratives of Home on the Fringe of Tehran: The Case of Shahriar County." Journal of Persianate Studies 13, no. 2 (July 6, 2021): 222–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18747167-bja10010.
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Abstract This paper focuses on the notion of home as a narrative of one’s lived experience that clashes with planners’ understanding of housing and housing policies, using as a case study Shahriar County, located on the western fringe of the metropolitan area of Tehran. Following Heidegger, the feeling of home is a fundamental aspect of human existence. From this perspective, housing policies and spatial planning impact the sense of home in a geographical context. The empirical analysis is based on an overview of institutional changes since the Islamic Revolution in 1979, and interviews with inhabitants of Shahriar. The results indicate that Iran has developed a particular form of neoliberal, speculative model of urban development, in which urban segregation and seclusion and uneven regional development are noteworthy. Consequently, the sense of home is structurally undermined on the metropolitan fringe, generating a feeling of living on the edge of the world.
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Doshi, Aayush. "Iot based Home Automation." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VIII (August 10, 2021): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37287.
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Home Automation industry is growing rapidly, this is fulfilled by the need to provide supporting systems for the elderly and the disabled, especially those who live alone. Coupled with this, the world population is confirmed to be getting older. Home automation systems must comply with the household standards and convenience of usage.Home automation is one of the major growing industries that can change the way people live. Some of these home automation systems target those seeking luxury and sophisticated home automation platforms; others target those with special needs like the elderly and the disabled. Typical wireless home automation system allows one to control household appliances from a centralized control unit which is wireless. These appliances usually have to be specially designed to be compatible with each other and with the control unit for most commercially available home automation systems.The developed system can be integrated as a single portable unit and allows one to wirelessly control lights, fans, air conditioners, television sets, security cameras, electronic doors, computer systems, audio/visual equipment’s etc. and turn ON or OFF any appliance that is plugged into a wall outlet, get the status of different sensors and take decision accordingly. The system is portable and constructed in a way that is easy to install, configure, run, and maintain. The perfect user interface still does not exist at present and to build a good interface requires knowledge of both sociology and technology fields. The problem lies with the situation of the elderly or disabled people, who cannot usually help themselves to move around, and might require external assistance. People who live alone might also need a helping hand at home. Therefore An android app controlled home automation system is designed, so that the users can perform certain tasks by just the use of their phones. Having a phone as a remote will make the system more user-friendly and portable.
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Henderson, J. Vernon, and Matthew A. Turner. "Urbanization in the Developing World: Too Early or Too Slow?" Journal of Economic Perspectives 34, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): 150–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.34.3.150.
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We describe patterns of urbanization in the developing world and the extent to which they differ from the developed world. We consider the extent to which urbanization in the developing world can be explained by conventional models of spatial equilibrium. Despite their relative poverty, developing world cities are relatively highly productive and often provide good access to safe water, improved sanitation, schooling, and inoculations. In some parts of the world, they are home to a surprisingly small number of factory workers and a surprisingly large number of farmers. Developing world cities seem to do less well at protecting their residents from lifestyle diseases and crime, their female residents from domestic violence, and their children from illness. In thinking about these facts, we note that one strand of the literature focused on structural transformation has suggested that urbanization in the developing is occurring “too early,” while another strand argues that urbanization is occurring “too slow” to be consistent with conventional models of spatial equilibrium. Despite many differences between developing and developed world cities, our new results combined with those in the literature suggest that models of spatial equilibrium can be adapted as a useful guide to understanding the urbanization process in the developing world.
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Liu, Chunxiang, and Yalan Gao. "The Impact of OFDI on the Technical Complexity of High-tech Industry Export in Home Country." E3S Web of Conferences 214 (2020): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021402012.
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This paper calculates the technical complexity of high-tech industry export in 38 countries from 1997 to 2017, discusses the mechanism of OFDI on the technical complexity of high-tech industry export in the home country, and empirically tests the impact of OFDI on the technical complexity of high-tech industry export in the home country by using the System GMM method of dynamic panel data model. The results show that OFDI can improve the technical complexity of high-tech industry export in the home country. After further analysis, it is found that OFDI can only significantly improve the technical complexity of high-tech industry exports from developing countries, but to a certain extent inhibit the developed countries. In addition, FDI, R & D investment, human capital, openness to the outside world and self owned technology can promote the export technology complexity of a country’s high-tech industry, while the impact of capital endowment on the export technology complexity of developed and developing countries’ high-tech industry is different.
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Shamsikhani, Soheila, Fazlollah Ahmadi, Anoshirvan Kazemnejad, and Mojtaba Vaismoradi. "Typology of Family Support in Home Care for Iranian Older People: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (June 11, 2021): 6361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126361.
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The world population is rapidly aging. In older people, age-related biological decline in most body systems causes functional decline, an increase in dependence, and an increased need for support, especially by their family members. The aim of this study was to explore the main aspects of family support for older parents in home care. This qualitative study was conducted using a deductive qualitative content analysis approach. Participants were 21 older parents living in their own homes, as well as four family members of some participants. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and then were analyzed using the primary matrix developed based on the existing literature. The main aspects of family support for older parents were grouped into five predetermined categories and one new category: “instrumental support”, “financial support”, “psycho-emotional support”, “healthcare-related support”, “informational-technological support”, and “social preference support “. Family support for older people in home care is a multi-dimensional phenomenon. Family members can identify the needs of their older parents and provide them with appropriate support in collaboration with healthcare professionals to enhance their quality of life, autonomy, and satisfaction with life.
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Lapierre, Nolwenn, Jean Meunier, Alain St-Arnaud, and Jacqueline Rousseau. "An intelligent video-monitoring system to detect falls: a proof of concept." Journal of Enabling Technologies 12, no. 4 (December 17, 2018): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jet-04-2018-0022.
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Purpose To face the challenges raised by the high incidence of falls among older adults, the intelligent video-monitoring system (IVS), a fall detection system that respects privacy, was developed. Most fall detection systems are tested only in laboratories. The purpose of this paper is to test the IVS in a simulation context (apartment-laboratory), then at home. Design/methodology/approach This study is a proof of concept including two phases: a simulation study to test the IVS in an apartment-laboratory (29 scenarios of activities including falls); and a 28-day pre-test at home with two young occupants. The IVS’s sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), accuracy (A) and error rate (E) in the apartment-laboratory were calculated, and functioning at home was documented in a logbook. Findings For phase 1, results are: Se =91.67 per cent, Sp =99.02 per cent, A=98.25 per cent, E=1.75. For phase 2, the IVS triggered four false alarms and some technical dysfunctions appeared (e.g. computer screen never turning off) that are easily overcome. Practical implications Results show the IVS’s efficacy at automatically detecting falls at home. Potential issues related to future installation in older adults’ homes were identified. This proof of concept led to recommendations about the installation and calibration of a camera-based fall detection system. Originality/value This paper highlights the potentialities of a camera-based fall detection system in real-world contexts and supports the use of the IVS to help older adults age in place.
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Hager, Drew, Thomas William Ferguson, and Paul Komenda. "Cost Controversies of a “Home Dialysis First” Policy." Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease 6 (January 2019): 205435811987154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2054358119871541.
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Purpose of review: Kidney Failure is highly prevalent and uses a disproportionate amount of health care funding. In Canada (excluding Quebec), 37 647 people were living with kidney failure in 2016. The single-payer Canadian health care system spends approximately 1.2% of their annual budget on kidney failure. In 2016, 58.4% of patients with kidney failure in Canada (excluding Quebec) were on dialysis as opposed to living with a functioning kidney transplant. Home dialysis modalities including peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home hemodialysis (HD) were used by 18.9% and 4.7% of these patients, respectively. In-center HD and home dialysis (PD and home HD) are often considered equally efficacious and have similar impacts on quality of life. Despite cost minimization analyses suggesting that home dialysis offers cost savings over in-center HD, there has been a slow uptake of home dialysis in developed nations over time, suggesting that controversies and barriers to implementation currently exist. The primary objective of this health policy briefing article is to introduce and address some of the major controversies surrounding the cost effectiveness in supporting advocacy for a “Home Dialysis First” policy with a primary focus on single-payer systems in a developed nation such as Canada. Sources of information: Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH), Canadian and US epidemiologic databases, national/international conference presentations, primary literature review, and discussion with experts within the field of home dialysis. Methods: We have conducted a focused primary literature review alongside individuals with expertise in the field of home dialysis to discuss the cost controversies surrounding the implementation of a “Home Dialysis First” policy. Key findings: First, the primary literature is limited to mostly observational studies which are highly variable in study design and content. Local economic assessments, however, have provided convincing data for home dialysis cost savings in Canada. Second, the cost of delivering dialysis differs significantly throughout the world, explained by differing costs of labor and supplies in developing nations. Third, the indirect patient costs of water, energy, and home modifications are often barriers to implementation and may be overcome by introducing cost reimbursement programs. Fourth, home dialysis requires upfront training costs. We explore the impact of premature switches from home dialysis to in-center HD or a functioning kidney transplant on overall cost savings. Fifth, we discuss the effect of physician financial incentives and program funding on the uptake of home dialysis. Finally, we introduce the controversial topic of comparing the societal value of freedom of modality choice against the societal cost savings of a “Home Dialysis First” policy. Limitations: Narrative reviews, due to their inherently reduced methodological quality in comparison with systematic reviews, may expose our collected literature to selection bias. We have attempted to compose a diverse collection of available literature alongside consensus expertise to provide a fair and concise review of home dialysis cost controversies. Implications: Implementation of a “Home Dialysis First” policy would be a disruptive change to kidney failure care in Canada. To make informed policy decisions, we should recognize the cost savings associated with home dialysis in developed nations, the significance of patient-borne costs as a barrier to implementation, the impact of training costs and early modality switching in home dialysis, the lack of evidence regarding physician financial incentives, and the importance of program funding. Ultimately, we must consider the societal value of freedom of patient modality choice in comparison with the potential cost savings of a “Home Dialysis First” policy.
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McGee, Gary B. "Assemblies of God Overseas Missions: Foundations for Recent Growth." Missiology: An International Review 16, no. 4 (October 1988): 427–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182968801600404.
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Since the founding of the Assemblies of God in 1914, world evangelization has been basic to its self-understanding and mission to the world. As its missions enterprise developed in the succeeding years, important foundations were laid which contributed to its remarkable growth after 1960. These include: (1) the ardent Pentecostal belief that the apostolic signs and wonders of the Holy Spirit will follow the proclamation of the gospel, (2) the application of indigenous church principles will result in the planting of New Testament churches, (3) the training of national leaders must receive high priority, and (4) the popular support of the home churches must be nurtured and efficiently channeled.
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Fergeus, Josh, Cathy Humphreys, Carol Harvey, and Helen Herrman. "Assisting Carers to Respond to the Mental Health Needs of Children." Children Australia 42, no. 1 (February 9, 2017): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2017.1.
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Across the developed world, efforts are being made to identify and develop effective interventions that will reduce the prevalence and severity of mental health problems among children and young people in out-of-home care. Foster and kinship carers have been identified as critically important in this process. In order to develop an understanding of what interventions and/or supports assist carers in responding effectively to the mental health needs of the children and young people in their care, a scoping review was undertaken. Using the scoping study method, 1064 publications were identified, and 82 publications were selected for further analysis. The review shows that promising interventions that aim to improve the mental health of children and young people living in out-of-home care have been developed and trialled both in Australia and internationally. However, the review also highlights the lack of research specifically focused on the role of the carer.
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Gulia, Shikha, and Smriti Arora. "Perceived stressors and outcomes among professionals working from home during COVID-19 pandemic in India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 4 (March 25, 2021): 1726. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211225.
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Background: Aim of the study was to assess stressors and positive outcomes among professionals working from home during COVID-19 pandemic in India. Novel Corona virus disease (COVID-19) originated from China has rapidly spread in the world across borders, infecting millions of people throughout the whole world. As this novel corona virus is highly contagious and has enforced countries for complete shutdown, anxiety and concerns in society are globally affecting every individual to variable extents. Due to this lockdown, most of the professions have very first time in world and specially in India opted for working from home.Methods: This is quantitative approach study, cross-sectional study. Convenient and snowball sampling technique used to select subject via google form technique. 284 professionals enrolled in study from various professions and the google form was sent through mail, WhatsApp and text messages. The data is analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The results of the study shown that majority of the professionals have experienced stress related to their job, social stress along with the physical stressors and have also developed some new life skills and utilized this time to plan about new ideas and goals.Conclusions: There is an intense need to keep a check on mental health during work from home to relieve stress and anxiety posed by COVID-19 pandemic.
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Teesing, Gwen R., Vicki Erasmus, Mariska Petrignani, Marion P. G. Koopmans, Miranda de Graaf, Margreet C. Vos, Corné H. W. Klaassen, et al. "Improving Hand Hygiene Compliance in Nursing Homes: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (HANDSOME Study)." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): e17419. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17419.
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Background Hand hygiene compliance is considered the most (cost-)effective measure for preventing health care–associated infections. While hand hygiene interventions have frequently been implemented and assessed in hospitals, there is limited knowledge about hand hygiene compliance in other health care settings and which interventions and implementation methods are effective. Objective This study aims to evaluate the effect of a multimodal intervention to increase hand hygiene compliance of nurses in nursing homes through a cluster randomized controlled trial (HANDSOME study). Methods Nursing homes were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 trial arms: receiving the intervention at a predetermined date, receiving the identical intervention after an infectious disease outbreak, or serving as a control arm. Hand hygiene was evaluated in nursing homes by direct observation at 4 timepoints. We documented compliance with the World Health Organization’s 5 moments of hand hygiene, specifically before touching a patient, before a clean/aseptic procedure, after body fluid exposure risk, after touching a patient, and after touching patient surroundings. The primary outcome is hand hygiene compliance of the nurses to the standards of the World Health Organization. The secondary outcome is infectious disease incidence among residents. Infectious disease incidence was documented by a staff member at each nursing home unit. Outcomes will be compared with the presence of norovirus, rhinovirus, and Escherichia coli on surfaces in the nursing homes, as measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results The study was funded in September 2015. Data collection started in October 2016 and was completed in October 2017. Data analysis will be completed in 2020. Conclusions HANDSOME studies the effectiveness of a hand hygiene intervention specifically for the nursing home environment. Nurses were taught the World Health Organization’s 5 moments of hand hygiene guidelines using the slogan “Room In, Room Out, Before Clean, After Dirty,” which was developed for nursing staff to better understand and remember the hygiene guidelines. HANDSOME should contribute to improved hand hygiene practice and a reduction in infectious disease rates and related mortality. Trial Registration Netherlands Trial Register (NTR6188) NL6049; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/6049 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/17419
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Dziuba, P., and K. Shtogrin. "HOME BIAS AS A KEY BEHAVIORAL DEVIATION OF PORTFOLIO INVESTORS DECISIONS." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 145 (2020): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2020.145.1.72-82.
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The comparative analysis of the main approaches to the reasons for the home bias is explored. The main factors of home bias are identified. The reasons for the existence of home bias are determined on the basis of systematization of the existing discourse. The main stages of the evolution of approaches to determining the reasons for home bias are identified. It was found that the most promising approach is the behaviourist approach, as well as the institutional approach and the transaction costs approach. The historical and current dynamics of the home bias in the investment portfolios of different countries is studied. A comparative analysis of the home bias for different groups of countries according to their level of economic development is carried out. It was found that developed countries have the lowest share of local market assets in the portfolio. The evolution of approaches to the home bias has been studied. The main scientific publications on the issue of home bias in the historical perspective are analysed and systematized. The main quantitative dimensions of the expression of home bias are highlighted. The main forms of quantitative expression of home bias, which received relative expression in the form of indices, are studied. The qualitative and quantitative composition of modern investment portfolios of the countries with the largest shares in the world market capitalization is studied and analysed. It has been found that there are countries with traditionally low and high levels of international diversification, such as China and Luxembourg, respectively.
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Seltzer, Andrew. "At Home and Abroad. By Francine D. Blau and Lawrence M. Kahn. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2002. Pp. xi, 314. $34.95." Journal of Economic History 63, no. 1 (March 2003): 312–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050703671809.
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In the 1970s the United States had far higher wages than the rest of the developed world; 1979–1981 median weakly earnings of men in full-time employment were $609 in 1998 prices, compared to an average of $419 across six other developed countries. However, the United States also had a higher unemployment rate; in 1973 it was 4.8 percent compared to an average of 2.1 percent in 11 other countries. Fast forward two decades. Median real wages in the United States, although still higher than in the other countries, had fallen 5.5 percent whereas in the other countries they had increased an average of 22.6 percent. However, whereas the unemployment rate in the United States fell slightly over the period, it skyrocketed in most of the other countries, averaging 8.2 percent in the European Union in 1999. By the late 1990s the United States also differed from the rest of the developed world in a number of other labor-market outcomes. The U.S. had: a lower average duration of unemployment and less prevalent long-term unemployment, higher labor-force participation rates among both men and women, longer average hours of work over the course of the year, and greater earnings inequality.
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Yıldız, Cansu, and Mine Canan Durmuşoğlu. "The The family involvement in different early childhood curricula and approaches in the world." Uluslararası Eğitim Programları ve Öğretim Çalışmaları Dergisi 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31704/ijocis.2018.002.
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Family involvement, an important element of effective early childhood education programs, is crucial for children's learning processes and development. With family involvement, while families have the opportunity of participating and contributing to their children's development and learning processes schools gain unique information about children's interests, needs and experiences. A positive cooperation to be developed between families and schools helps children to integrate home and school lives. The aim of this study is to present the current situation by reviewing the literature in terms of family involvement and discuss and compare the family involvement dimension of the Primary Years Program (PYP), Montessori, Reggio Emilia, Creative Curriculum and Te Whāriki programs, which are early childhood education programs and approaches around the world. For this purpose, a review study has been conducted.
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Mizo, Robert. "India, China and Climate Cooperation." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 72, no. 4 (December 2016): 375–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974928416677474.
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India and China—two of the largest emitters today—share common concerns arising from climate change. Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and several other studies have concluded that the two countries face imminent threat in the form of ecological degradation, food and water scarcity, agricultural shifts, health hazards, etc. due to climate change. In addition, India and China have shared national circumstances as developing countries. Both nations face serious third world challenges such as socio-economic development, poverty eradication, and health and food security concerns in their respective home fronts. Home to approximately one third of the global population, the developmental needs and aspirations of these countries are enormous and certainly bound to be further complicated by the effects of climate change. India and China have emerged as key players in the international climate change negotiations voicing the concerns of the developing world and ensuring that issues of equity and justice are incorporated in any climate change related international agreement. Given the commonalities of the problems faced by these countries, India and China have embarked on halting yet deliberate climate diplomacy over the years. The core concern of this article is to explore the nature and extent to which India and China have developed cooperative engagement on climate change both at the bilateral as well as the multilateral levels. The article would also seek to analyse the challenges that stand in the way to this cooperative endeavour. Prospects for further cooperation would be explored in the final section.
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Sayuti, H., R. A. Rashid, N. M. Abdul Latiff, M. R. Abdul Rahim, A. H. F. Abdul Hamid, M. A. Sarijari, and N. E. Ghazali. "Smart Home and Ambient Assisted Living Based on the Internet of Things." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 3 (June 1, 2017): 1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i3.pp1480-1488.
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This paper presents a Smart Home and Ambient Assisted Living (SHAAL) system that has been developed and tested in a real experimental home environment. SHAAL system is designed on wireless sensor network (WSN) linked to the cloud network on the Internet. The development of SHAAL is divided into two phases: the design of SHAAL network and the development of SHAAL applications. SHAAL network is made up of the home network which is the WSN, and the cloud network. The network is designed using TelG mote that operates under Zigbee technology and includes various sensor modules for SHAAL system. The cloud network consists of the gateway, the server and user devices running on third generation (3G) network. Using priority scheduling algorithm for data transmission, it is shown that the performance delay of this system on the test-bed experiment is 34.2 percent less compared to the theoretical study. The implementation of the experimental testbed has proven that SHAAL has been successfully designed and deployed in the real world.
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Sterner, T., L. Yankowy, D. Vesnaver, and R. Senft. "1182 Using Home Delivery Of Home Sleep Tests To Improve The Diagnosis Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A451—A452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1176.
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Abstract Introduction OSA is a highly prevalent and co-morbid condition across the US and the world. Recent data shows between 14% and 49% of middle-aged men have clinically significant OSA and although the data shows OSA is less prevalent in women, the consequences of this condition is as severe as in men. Further studies suggest 80% of more than 25 million cases of OSA in the US are undiagnosed. At our institution, several factors contributed to the under diagnosis of OSA: knowledge deficit, complicated order process, inconvenience, fear and cost. We developed a plan to increase the diagnosis of OSA by increasing home sleep testing by 50% within 6 months of initiating a home delivery model. Methods Our multifaceted, multidisciplinary and comprehensive plan included a contractual agreement with the manufacturer of our preferred device, WatchPAT, to directly ship the HSAT device to the patient, receive the device back after testing and upload the data for physician interpretation. Integration was established between middle-ware and the HSAT software for flow of information. A collaborative effort with our marketing department to develop a health risk assessment tool specific to sleep apnea, targeted by health history, resulted in mailings to thousands of patients. A coordinated effort with our Call Center to explain delivery process and schedule testing was done. Paramount to our success was streamlining the ordering process for providers. Results 2,122 HSTs were done in the initial 6 months of using home delivery compared to the same 6 month time frame the previous year - an increase of 71%. Conclusion Using a broad, collaborative effort among several disciplines within our health care system, we found the access and use of home sleep tests dramatically improved. This was cost effective, saving .5 FTEs, provided a high degree of patient satisfaction and resulted in increased diagnoses. Support
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Marschall, Sabine. "‘Memory objects’: Material objects and memories of home in the context of intra-African mobility." Journal of Material Culture 24, no. 3 (February 22, 2019): 253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359183519832630.
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This article contributes to the intersection of material culture and mobility studies by exploring the role of objects in fostering nostalgia and emotionally linking migrants with their home world. ‘Memory objects’ are conceptualized as special personal belongings that elicit deliberate or involuntary memories of homeland, home culture, social relations and episodes in one’s pre-migration past. Focusing on intra-African migration, the study is based on in-depth interviews with a sample of 40 migrants from 13 African countries, temporarily or permanently based in South Africa. Contrary to the extant literature, initial findings indicate most participants did not value keepsakes or sentimental mementoes of home. However, it emerged that some had developed a special relationship with specific utilitarian objects, mostly received as gifts, which essentially turned into memory objects over time, precipitating memories and emotional attachment through routine usage and performative action. It is argued that more attention must be paid to socio-cultural values and other locally specific factors.
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Brumfield, Robin G., and Margaret F. Brennan. "An Interactive World Wide Web Site for Disseminating and Gathering Farm Budget Data." HortTechnology 10, no. 4 (January 2000): 830–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.10.4.830.
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Today's farmers need current and accurate farm management information. The Internet, and specifically the World Wide Web (web), is a powerful tool to efficiently and effectively deliver this information. Rutgers Cooperative Extension developed a web site to host agricultural production budgets for three cropping systems (conventional, integrated crop management and organic) for crops raised in the northeastern United States. Since budget information needs to be kept current if it is to be of real value to a farmer, we determined that the best way to keep the information up to date was to provide a separate, interactive HTML form that could be viewed and submitted from a users' standard web browser. The interactive web site enables farm management specialists to provide costs and returns information on current agricultural practices in a timely manner. This web site is accessible via the Rutgers Cooperative Extension Farm Management Home Page.
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Patterson, James T. "How Wet Does a Reader Want to Get? A Reply to Ira Katznelson." Journal of Policy History 10, no. 3 (July 1998): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030600005716.
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Ira Katznelson seems to like a lot of things about Grand Expectations. I thank him for his words of praise and for giving the book a careful, thoughtful reading. Although he says little about my many specific judgments and interpretations, he helps readers grasp my main themes. As he points out, I argue that Americans between 1945 and the late 1960s developed ever-grander expectations about their capacity to create a better world abroad and a happier society at home.