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1
Buday, Š. "Development trends in land market prices in Slovakia." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 51, No. 5 (February 20, 2012): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5096-agricecon.
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After the accession to the EU, there is a necessity to develop the land market in Slovakia. The achievement of the following conditions is necessary: settlement of estates in lands and unification of the law of real property in the areas of ownership, utilization, change of the land type, soil conservation, land use planning and building multiple-function agriculture with the legislation of the market economy countries as well as its harmonization with the EU legal regulations. It is also necessary to develop an official network to follow transactions on the land market, a regular update of data and their evaluation.
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Ball, Michael, Edward Shepherd, and Pete Wyatt. "The relationship between residential development land prices and house prices." Town Planning Review: Volume ahead-of-print ahead-of-print (August 1, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2021.27.
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There exists apparent disagreement between two areas of literature regarding the relationship between house prices and land prices. In the professional literature it is argued that high house prices cause high residential development land prices. In some of the policy literature it is argued that it is land-price increases that are behind increasing house prices. We argue that this is a rather artificial dichotomy and arises from two different ways of thinking about the relationship between land and house prices. To demonstrate this we explore how housing and residential land markets work and how their price responses are interrelated.
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Vrbová, E., and J. Němec. "Land market development in the Czech Republic." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 51, No. 5 (February 20, 2012): 216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5098-agricecon.
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Land market in the Czech Republic is monitored by the Research Institute of Agricultural Economics on the sample of 24 districts (1/3 of the CR). Land prices depend on the area, culture and region of the plot. Sales of small plots (up to 1 ha) prevail. These plots are usually purchased for non-agricultural use and their prices are many times higher than prices of large plots (above 5 ha) which are usually bought for agricultural purpose. Land market is not well developed, only 0.2–0.4% of the monitored area is sold each year. But in the last years, it is increasing. Compared with land prices in the west EU countries, land market prices in the CR are low.
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Němec, J., and J. Kučera. "Land market development after the accession to EU." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 53, No. 4 (January 7, 2008): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/866-agricecon.
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Land market has started to develop extremely in the Czech Republic since 2002. The annual sale and purchase of estates represented 0.2% of the total land resources between 1993−2001. The sale and the purchase have represented 2.9% of total land resources after 2002 and especially after the EU accession of the Czech Republic. These values of sale are the highest from the EU countries. On the other side, land prices decreased slightly in comparison with the prices before the EU accession. Prices of agricultural land are significantly lower than in the EU 15.
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VAN DIJK, G., L. SMIT, and C. P. VEERMAN. "Land prices and technological development." European Review of Agricultural Economics 13, no. 4 (1986): 495–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/13.4.495.
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Burian, Jaroslav, Karel Macků, Jarmila Zimmermannová, and Rostislav Nétek. "Sustainable Spatial and Temporal Development of Land Prices: A Case Study of Czech Cities." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 6 (June 16, 2020): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9060396.
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Only a limited number of studies have examined land price issues based on official land price maps. A very unique timeline of official land price maps (2006–2019) allowed research to be conducted on four Czech cities (Prague, Olomouc, Ostrava, and Zlín). The main aim of the research was to describe the links between land price, land use types, and macroeconomic indicators, and to compare temporal changes of these links in four cities of different size, type, and structure by using spatial data processing and regression analysis. The results showed that the key statistically significant variable in all cities was population size. The effect of this variable was mostly positive, except for Ostrava, as an example of a developing city. The second statistically significant variable affecting land prices in each city was discount rate. The effect of other variables differed according to the city, its characteristics, and stage of economic development. We concluded that the development of land prices over time was slightly different between the studied cities and partially dependent on local spatial factors. Nevertheless, stagnation in 2010–2011, probably as a consequence of the global economic crisis in 2009, was observed in each city. Changes in the monitored cities could be seen from a spatial point of view in similar land price patterns. The ratio of land area with rising prices was very similar in each city (85%–92%). The highest land prices were typically in urban centers, but prices rose only gradually. A much more significant increase in prices occurred in each city in their peripheral residential areas. The results of this study can improve understanding of urban development and the economic and spatial aspects of sustainability in land price changes.
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DING, Chengri, and Yi NIU. "Which is Driver? Land Price or Housing Price: Examining the Urban Spatial Structure of Beijing." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 04, no. 03 (September 2016): 1650026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345748116500263.
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This paper examines the spatial structure of Beijing to determine the relationship between land price and housing price. The purposes of the paper are two-fold. One is to help to better understand the roles in which land markets play in urban development and the other is to explain skyrocketing land prices, particularly in the first decade of the 21st century. It has been debated whether land supply is the main cause for skyrocketing land prices. This paper, however, concludes that it is housing price that drives up skyrocketing land prices. The analytical framework to draw the conclusion is to investigate urban spatial development patterns to see if they are consistent with the outcomes of urban model/theory in which land is treated as a production factor for housing and land demand is a derived demand. If the answer is yes, we can conclude the driving role of housing prices on land prices, even though we recognize the effect of land supply restrictions on land prices. So the paper first examines the urban spatial pattern of Beijing, with reference to urban economic model. And then the paper estimates the parameters of a CES-type housing production function. The paper conducts numerical simulation to illustrate how a small increase in housing prices will lead to big increases in land prices. The paper concludes (1) effective roles of price mechanism in land and urban development as manifested by relatively fast decay of land prices compared to housing prices, as expected according to urban theory; and (2) a 25% increase in housing price can lead to 50–125% increases in land prices, depending on the distance to city center. We believe that our finding has substantial policy implications in China.
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Elmanisa, Adisti Madella, An An Kartiva, Alfaret Fernando, Rama Arianto, Haryo Winarso, and Denny Zulkaidi. "LAND PRICE MAPPING OF JABODETABEK, INDONESIA." Geoplanning: Journal of Geomatics and Planning 4, no. 1 (December 23, 2016): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/geoplanning.4.1.53-62.
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Land provision is one of the biggest challenges for development in urban area. Most of the available urban land will be the object of speculation to be resold at a higher price when the time is right. In Jabodetabek, where the pace of urban development is faster than other parts of Indonesia, the prices of land show an abnormal increase; they seem to rise too fast. This paper discusses the increasing land prices in Jabodetabek area and argues that the increasing land price has encourages the private developer to bank the land in the area. Based on land price survey in Jabodetabek, urban activity is moving to south Jakarta. The highest land prices were found at East Kuningan, Setiabudi, and South Jakarta. By constrast, the lowest prices were observed in Sumur Batu and Cimuning (Bantar Gebang, Bekasi).It can be concluded that the land price increase also triggered land banking practice in Jabodetabek reaching in total approximately 60% of total area of Jakarta.
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Sirmans, C. F., Geoffrey K. Turnbull, and Jonathan Dombrow. "Residential Development, Risk, and Land Prices." Journal of Regional Science 37, no. 4 (November 1997): 613–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0022-4146.00072.
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Ambrose, Brent W. "Forced Development and Urban Land Prices." Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics 30, no. 3 (April 20, 2005): 245–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11146-005-6406-y.
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Guntermann, Karl. "Residential Land Prices Prior to Development." Journal of Real Estate Research 14, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10835547.1997.12090891.
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Lee, Chun-Chang, Yi-Xin Chen, Yun-Ling Wu, Wen-Chih Yeh, and Chih-Min Liang. "Multilevel Analysis of the Pressure of Agricultural Land Conversion, Degree of Urbanization and Agricultural Land Prices in Taiwan." Land 9, no. 12 (November 25, 2020): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9120474.
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In 2000, to efficiently implement land-use policies, the Taiwanese government amended the Agricultural Development Act by easing restrictions on agricultural land purchases. As a result of increasing land development and investment needs, agricultural land prices have surged. This study aims to examine whether agricultural land prices in Pingtung County are affected by land control policy measures, the pressure of agricultural land conversion and the degree of urbanization. A multilevel analysis approach was used to analyze land price differences in townships in Pingtung County. The estimation results derived from the null model indicated significant differences between the mean land price in each administrative division. Specifically, the ratio of agricultural land prices affected by differences in Level 2 township-related factors was 21.8%, while the ratio of those affected by differences in Level 1 land-related factors was 78.2%. An empirical intercepts-and-slopes-as-outcomes regression model demonstrated that Level 2 township-related factors, such as the pressure of agricultural land conversion and the degree of urbanization, had cross-level, direct and positive impacts on agricultural land prices; while Level 1 land-related factors, such as lot size control measures on farmhouse construction and land-use zoning, had positive and significant impacts on agricultural land prices.
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Monk, S., B. J. Pearce, and C. M. E. Whitehead. "Land-Use Planning, Land Supply, and House Prices." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 28, no. 3 (March 1996): 495–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a280495.
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There are clearly significant social benefits to land-use planning, but there may also be significant private and social costs which need to be taken into account. In this paper we explore the relationship between land-use planning, the supply of housing land, and the supply and price of housing. It is based on two pieces of empirical research. In the first study, an investigation was conducted of the extent to which land supply, and particularly the operation of the planning system, had affected house prices in Britain during the 1980s, and how far planning had placed a constraint on land supply or simply reorganised that supply. In the follow-up study a single planning area was looked at to examine the extent to which increased land allocations in one area can compensate for constraints on land supply in another. We conclude that the planning system imposes significant costs, which include the exacerbation of price increases in periods of economic growth, but without being able to generate higher housing output during recession. In addition the planning system tends to foster a narrower range of housing types and densities than would be expected in its absence, and so restricts the choice available to consumers.
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Kichko, Sergey. "Competition, land prices and city size." Journal of Economic Geography 20, no. 6 (December 3, 2019): 1313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbz037.
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Abstract Larger cities typically give rise to two opposite effects: tougher competition among firms and higher production costs. Using an urban model with substitutability of production factors and pro-competitive effects, I study product market responses to an increase in city population, land-use regulations and commuting costs. I show that those responses depend on the land intensity in production. If the input share of land is low, a larger city attracts more firms setting lower prices, whereas for an intermediate land share, city expansion increases both the mass of firms and product prices. For a high land share, the mass of firms decreases with city size while product price increases. Softer land-use regulations and/or lower commuting costs reinforce pro-competitive effects, making city residents better-off via lower product prices and broader diversity.
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Burian, Jaroslav, Karel Macků, Jarmila Zimmermannová, and Barbora Kočvarová. "Spatio-Temporal Changes and Dependencies of Land Prices: A Case Study of the City of Olomouc." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (December 18, 2018): 4831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124831.
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Land price sustainability issues have been addressed by many authors in the past. Most of these researchers used land prices (from land price maps) as the primary data source in their studies. Only a few papers analysed official land price maps, which are available very rarely. For this reason, we studied the spatial and temporal changes of land prices in the city of Olomouc based in an analysis of official land price maps from 1993 to 2017. We proposed several research hypotheses to confirm some general statements about land price changes. We concluded that some economic indicators had a significant impact on changes in land prices. In the residential and commercial areas and historical centre, land prices are significantly higher than in other monitored aspects (land-use types). We also concluded that no link existed between land-use stability and land price stability. Surprisingly, no long-term stable areas were found in the area of interest. The analysis also confirmed that land price and its change over time varied in different spatial aspects. Unexpectedly, the smallest influence was reflected in the economic aspect. Regarding natural events in recent decades, we observed a significant drop in land prices in the vicinity of watercourses threatened by flooding. These findings can assist in better understanding local development and changes in land price. The results of this study can help in gaining better understanding of economic, social, and environmental aspects of sustainability of land price changes.
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Lazíková, Jarmila, Ľubica Rumanovská, Ivan Takáč, Piotr Prus, and Alexander Fehér. "Regional Differences of Agricultural Land Market in Slovakia: A Challenge for Sustainable Agriculture." Agriculture 11, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040353.
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The agricultural land market and its legal and political limitations play an important role in sustainable agricultural production. This study analyzed the agricultural land market in particular regions of Slovakia in terms of the sustainability of agricultural production. We focused on the development of proposed land prices between 2014 and 2018 to find out whether the prices proposed by landowners align with administrative land prices reflecting the soil quality in particular regions of Slovakia, or whether they are influenced by the proposed land prices of neighboring regions. Moreover, we focused on the existence of regional differences in proposed land prices in Slovakia, including differences in supply prices of arable land and permanent grasslands in particular regions. Statistical induction tools, together with multiple range tests and spatial autocorrelation, were used to confirm or refuse our expectations. We confirmed statistically significant differences in proposed land prices between regions. Moreover, we found that landowners are only influenced by the proposed land prices of their neighboring regions to a slight degree. However, we found that the price scissors between proposed land prices and administrative land prices open towards smaller administrative land prices, meaning that land of poorer fertility is supplied at a higher price than land of the best soil quality. There is a risk that expensive and poorer land plots will be used by investors for non-agricultural purposes, and agricultural production will be crowded out from these regions. Therefore, we propose that changes to the prepared legislative measures are necessary in order to promote the sustainability of agricultural production in all regions of the country.
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Plantinga, Andrew J., Ruben N. Lubowski, and Robert N. Stavins. "The effects of potential land development on agricultural land prices." Journal of Urban Economics 52, no. 3 (November 2002): 561–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-1190(02)00503-x.
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Handayani, Alfita Puspa, Albertus Deliar, and Rizqi Abdulharis. "POLA SPASIAL HARGA TANAH UNTUK PERENCANAAN STRATEGIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN (STUDI KASUS: KOTA BANDUNG, JAWA BARAT, INDONESIA)." Jurnal Sosioteknologi 20, no. 1 (April 27, 2021): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/sostek.itbj.2021.20.1.10.
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Sustainable development goals are expected to be achieved by 2030. One of the goals of sustainable development is tobuild cities and settlements that are inclusive, safe, and resilient. Bandung as one of the cities with very rapid development growth during the last 10 years has experienced changes in land prices, which are also very fast. Land prices are proven to have a relationship with development in an area. The more complete public facilities, social facilities, and accesses in an area, the higher the price is. This study has determined the spatial pattern of land prices in Bandung using four spatial cluster analysis methods. It is found that the spatial pattern of land prices in Indonesia is clustered. The results of this spatial pattern can be used as the basis for strategic planning for Bandung, especially to serve areas that can still be developed into new development centers supported by environmental planning and sustainable development.
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Palupi, Kartika Dwi. "PENGARUH PENINGKATAN HARGA LAHAN TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PROPERTI KOMERSIAL DI SEGITIGA PERUMDA TEMBALANG SEMARANG." Jurnal Pengembangan Kota 1, no. 1 (July 2, 2013): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jpk.1.1.43-53.
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<p>Tembalang is a growing area with a central activity of education. The existence of educational functions have an impact to presence various activities in the surrounding, particularly for support the main functions of the education. The emergence of a variety of activities such as trade and services, housing, and higher education highly influential on increasing demand for land in this region. Land is limited goods will increase the price comparable with the increasing demand. The higher land demand occurs during the relocation of the first Undip Campus (located in Pleburan) to a new campus in Undip Tembalang which resulted in an increase land prices more than 1.000%. The price of land which originally ranged from Rp 200,000, - until Rp300.000, -/ m2 jumped to Rp.3.500.000,- until Rp4.000.000,-/ m2 (http:/www.antarajateng.com, accessed 2 November 2010). Segitiga Perumda is a very strategic location, is also supported by the completeness of facilities and infrastructure, as well as adequate accessibility. This condition is very support of investment in this region thus causing an increase in land prices significantly from year to year. Under these conditions, Semarang City establish the presence of the UN revised each year in which are also NJOP Earth. The rise of the United Nations addressed to over the function property into commercial property to increase value added as well asm the ability to pay. To achieve the objectives of the study, carried out a visit at an early stage to obtain data instansional Earth NJOP in the Segitiga Perumda for seven year (2005-2011) is the reference for analyzing land prices. Earth NJOP become as a reference because of the difficulty to getting the real land price data in time series (2005-2011).The data used to map the Earth NJOP region based on land prices. Furthermore, field observations and interviews conducted to determine the function of existing properties in the Segitiga Perumda by type of commercial property. From both, carried out in order to obtain super-impose an overlay map associated cost of land and commercial property development in 2005-2011. To determine the significance of the influence of increasing land prices to the development of commercial properties, the calculations performed by linear regression analysis using SPSS software version 17.0. Based on these statistics, it is known that the effect of land prices to the development of commercial properties for 89.05%, or have been in accordance with the initial hypothesis of the study. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that an effect between the increase in land prices to the development of commercial properties in the Segitiga Perumda Tembalang. Land prices also determine the type of commercial property developments. On high land prices, growing commercial property is a business with high accessibility requirements, such as photocopy, supermarket, and retail outlets. Boarding commercial property and lodging accessibility needs are not so high that tends to develop in the zone of the cheaper land prices. Recommendations in this study aimed to Semarang City Government relating to policy formulation RDTRK and zoning district and the control of a business license.Recommendations for the Segitiga Perumda Tembalang is by controlling and pegawasan commercial property.</p>
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Takáč, Ivan, and Jarmila Lazíková. "The Legal Regulation of Rental Contracts on the Land Rental Market in Slovakia." EU agrarian Law 2, no. 1 (July 1, 2013): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eual-2013-0005.
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Abstract Rented land accounted for 53% of the total agricultural area at EU-27 level in 2009. Rented land as a proportion of total utilized agricultural area in Slovakia (UAA) is one of the highest (FADN, 2009). That is why land rent plays a very important role. Therefore, the Slovak law maker approved special legal regulation to stabilize the long-term rent of agricultural land. The paper analyses how these legal norms affect the behaviour of the land tenants doing their business activities in the agriculture. Within the paper, the development of the market farmland prices and farmland rental payments development with the administrative land prices and rental payments stipulated by the Slovak national law is analysed. Based on the research results we found out that prices of arable land have statistically significantly increased. In spite of these facts the market prices are still lower than their administrative prices(1) especially in the case of farmland of the highest quality. According to the results the rent payment for one hectare of land is not influenced by the minimum rent payment stipulated by law. Contrary, minimum rental period stipulated by law, legal forms of agricultural enterprises and quality of land have significant impact on the rental payments. The larger acreage of land of one agricultural businessman press down the land rent payments. The legal forms of enterprises as well as the land rent period belong to the dominant factors which influence the land rent payment. (1) Administrative price is a price of farmland stipulated by the law.
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Garang, Zhuoma, Cifang Wu, Guan Li, Yuefei Zhuo, and Zhongguo Xu. "Spatio-Temporal Non-Stationarity and Its Influencing Factors of Commercial Land Price: A Case Study of Hangzhou, China." Land 10, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10030317.
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Investigating the characteristics and mechanisms of the spatial and temporal variations of commercial land prices and its major subdivisions has great theoretical and practical significance in the study of urban economy and its spatial refinement management. Unlike general commodity prices, land prices are influenced by geographical location and tend to fluctuate over time. However, most scholars have not explored the influence mechanism of commercial land prices in both time and space. To help bridge this gap, this study takes the sample commercial land prices in the main urban area of Hangzhou from 2006 to 2015 as the empirical research object and investigates the spatiotemporal evolution mechanism of urban commercial land prices through a comparative analysis of the multiple regression analysis (MRA) with ordinary least squares (OLS), the geographically weighted regression (GWR), the temporally weighted regression (TWR), and the geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) models. Results indicate that the land prices of land for financial facilities (Commercial Land Category 1) and commercial-business land (Commercial Land Category 2) in Hangzhou show different spatial and temporal evolutions and are influenced by the common factors of residential land price level (PL), maturity of living services (EN), and plot ratio (FRO) in the district. Meanwhile the main difference between the two influencing factors is the significant difference in sensitivity to locational centrality and industrial structure. Furthermore, we find that the spatial and temporal evolution of commercial land prices has three main mechanism: location selection, point-axis evolution, and function-promoting. Our findings will provide guidelines for scientifically guiding the coordinated development of urban land price and industrial economy and realizing the fine management and allocation of urban spatial resources.
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Altuzarra, Amaia, and Marisol Esteban. "Land prices and housing prices: the case of Spain." Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 26, no. 4 (July 16, 2011): 397–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10901-011-9235-8.
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An, Pengfei, Can Li, Yajing Duan, Jingfeng Ge, and Xiaomiao Feng. "Inter-metropolitan land price characteristics and pattern in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, China." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): e0256710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256710.
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Land prices are the key problem of urban land management, with prices of residential land being the most sensitive and the strongest social reflection among the different land types. Exploring spatial and temporal variation of residential land prices and the effect of land market factors on residential land prices can help the government formulate targeted regulations and policies. This study analyzes the spatial and temporal evolution of residential land prices and the factors influencing the land market in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on land transaction data from 2014–2017 using exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. The results show the following: ① Residential land prices in Beijing and Tianjin are significantly higher than those in other regions, while Zhangjiakou, Chengde, and western mountainous areas have the lowest residential land prices. Over time, a development trend of residential land price polycentricity gradually emerged, and the locational correlation has gradually increased. ② Under the influence of the land finance model of local governments in China, three factors, namely, the land stock utilization rate, revenue from residential land transfers, and the growth of residential land transaction areas, have significantly contributed to the increase in residential land prices. ③ Under the land market supply and demand mechanism and government management, four indicators, namely, the land supply rate, the per capita residential land supply area, the degree of marketization of the residential land supply, and the frequency of residential land transactions, have suppressed the rise in residential land prices. ④ The overall effect of land market factors on residential land prices in the central and northern regions of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei is stronger than that in the southern regions, which may be related to the more active land market and stricter macromanagement policies in Beijing, Tianjin and surrounding areas.
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Choi Soo, Park Jiyoung, and Soon-Tak Suh. "Analyzing the Impact Area of Land Development Project on Land Prices." Korea Spatial Planning Review 62, no. ll (September 2009): 235–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15793/kspr.2009.62..013.
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Li, Meng, Li, Ge, and Zhao. "Inter-Metropolitan Land-Price Characteristics and Patterns in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration in China." Sustainability 11, no. 17 (August 29, 2019): 4726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174726.
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The continuous expansion of urban areas in China has increased cohesion and synergy among cities. As a result, the land price in an urban area is not only affected by the city’s own factors, but also by its interaction with nearby cities. Understanding the characteristics, types, and patterns of urban interaction is of critical importance in regulating the land market and promoting coordinated regional development. In this study, we integrated a gravity model with an improved Voronoi diagram model to investigate the gravitational characteristics, types of action, gravitational patterns, and problems of land market development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration region based on social, economic, transportation, and comprehensive land-price data from 2017. The results showed that the gravitational value of land prices for Beijing, Tianjin, Langfang, and Tangshan cities (11.24–63.35) is significantly higher than that for other cities (0–6.09). The gravitational structures are closely connected for cities around Beijing and Tianjin, but loosely connected for peripheral cities. Further, various types of radiation, conduction, and convection actions exist in relation to urban land prices. In terms of gravitational patterns, the range of influence of land prices is not limited to the administrative boundaries of each city. Five clusters of urban land prices can be identified based on the gravitational structure. The land-price gravity value of the city cluster around Beijing accounted for 66.4% of the total. The polarizing effect of land-price levels and influence is clearly evident in Beijing and Tianjin, while a lock-in effect is evident in Xingtai and Handan in the south of the region.
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Bode, Eckhardt. "DELINEATING METROPOLITAN AREAS USING LAND PRICES*." Journal of Regional Science 48, no. 1 (January 8, 2008): 131–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.2008.00544.x.
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Low, Joyce M. W., and Byung Kwon Lee. "A Data-Driven Analysis on the Impact of High-Speed Rails on Land Prices in Taiwan." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (May 12, 2020): 3357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103357.
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High-speed rail (HSR) networks boost inter-city accessibility across a country and stimulate economic growth in inner cities. These economic gains, however, can often be accompanied by sharp increases in land and property prices along the lines that raise governmental concerns. This study examined the effect of the introduction of HSR on land prices in Taiwan and how the extent of such an effect varied with the stages of economic, societal, and infrastructural developments in different cities in Taiwan. Based on extensive published data, an empirical study was conducted using an integrated methodology comprising system dynamics, multivariate regression, and principal component analysis to examine the interacting relationships between the presence of HSR transportation and other important dimensions of city development in determining land prices. The study found that while land prices correlated with the greater locational accessibility brought about HSR, the extent of land price increases depended significantly on economic, societal, and infrastructural considerations such as the unemployment rate, risk-free interest rate, population density, and the existence of free trade zones, etc. This understanding of system behavior will be helpful for policy makers in devising ways to curb the escalation of property price while enjoying the benefits of HSR.
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Chi, Guangqing, and Jamie Boydstun. "Are Gasoline Prices a Factor in Residential Relocation Decisions? Preliminary Findings from the American Housing Survey, 1996–2008." Journal of Planning Education and Research 37, no. 3 (August 1, 2016): 334–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x16657159.
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Residential relocation choice is affected by numerous factors, but gasoline prices as a potential factor have not been investigated. This study examines gasoline price changes and residential relocation choice using 1996–2008 American Housing Survey data. We found higher gasoline prices are associated with a higher percentage of movers choosing locations closer to workplaces. The findings have implications for addressing the impacts of volatile gasoline prices on land use planning and policies; resilient “smart cities or communities” are one possible solution.
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Renkow, Mitch. "Land prices, land rents, and technological change: Evidence from Pakistan." World Development 21, no. 5 (May 1993): 791–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(93)90033-6.
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Yang, Zan, Rongrong Ren, Hongyu Liu, and Huan Zhang. "Land leasing and local government behaviour in China: Evidence from Beijing." Urban Studies 52, no. 5 (April 15, 2014): 841–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098014529342.
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Since 2004, two auction mechanisms – listing auctions and tender auctions – have played a dominant role in land lease arrangements for real estate development in Beijing. Listing auctions in land markets are similar to general English auctions, where bidders offer the highest price to win. However, in tender auctions, winners are determined by the bidding price and the bidder’s financial capability and reputation. Based on granted land parcels from 2006 to 2012 in Beijing, this paper attempts to examine the price differences between the two auctions and the role of land auction in urban development and price stabilisation. We find that land policy in Beijing, which aims to stabilise land prices and to provide low-price residences, has been integrated with urban development planning in terms of spatial and density pattern. Land leasing in Beijing is not only a land policy but also a part of the strategy framework of local development.
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Seeman, Tomáš, Karel Šrédl, Marie Prášilová, and Roman Svoboda. "The Price of Farmland as a Factor in the Sustainable Development of Czech Agriculture (A Case Study)." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 13, 2020): 5622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145622.
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Each year, around 2% of the four million hectares of farmland in Czechia changes owners. However, after years of significant growth in prices, a slowdown in pace and demand is expected. Rising interest rates, a strengthening of the crown and legislative changes in 2018 have influenced the price of farmland. Yet the prices of farmland in Czechia are a third of those in the countries of Western Europe, and so it still represents an interesting opportunity for investors. Currently, land is bought primarily by the farmers who work it. In Czechia, 80% of farmers farm on hired land, and rent increases are starting to be an issue for many of them. The return on the investment in agricultural land is currently around 50 years for an owner and 25 years for a farmer working the land. As research has shown, the price of farmland is an important factor in the sustainable development of agriculture in Czechia, along with the greening of production and the fight against soil erosion and the effects of climate change.
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Zilberman, David, Thomas Sproul, Deepak Rajagopal, Steven Sexton, and Petra Hellegers. "Rising energy prices and the economics of water in agriculture." Water Policy 10, S1 (March 1, 2008): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2008.049.
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Rising energy prices will alter water allocation and distribution. Water extraction and conveyance will become more costly and demand for hydroelectric power will grow. The higher cost of energy will substantially increase the cost of groundwater, whereas increasing demand for hydroelectric power may reduce the price and increase supply of surface water. High energy prices and geopolitical considerations drive investment in land-and water-intensive biofuel technology, diverting land and water supplies to energy production at the expense of food production. Thus, rising energy prices will alter the allocation of water, increase the price of food and may have negative distributional effects. The impact of rising energy prices and the introduction of biofuels can be partly offset by the development and adoption of new technologies, including biotechnology. The models considered here can be used to determine the effects of rising energy prices on inputs, outputs, allocation decisions and impact on distribution.
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Hou, Yunxian, and Pengfei Chen. "Research on the Relationship between Price Mechanism and Short-Term Behavior in Chinese Farmland Trusteeships." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 16, 2019): 5708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205708.
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After the policy of separating ownership rights, contract rights, and management rights to rural land, some Chinese farmers entrusted their land to agricultural social service providers. However, at present in land trusteeships, short-term behaviors exist, which are not good for the sustainable utilization of land. This article uses a dynamic game model to analyze the economic reasons for short-term behavior and to explore possible mechanisms. The study’s results showed that fluctuations in trusteeship prices encouraged farmers to sign low-price, long-term contracts or high-price, short-term contracts that allowed agricultural social service providers choose short-term behaviors. A variable-price system may avoid short-term contracts as a result of fluctuations in trusteeship prices, allowing both sides to build a long-term stable partnership, encouraging long-term investment in land. To ensure the sustainable utilization of land, it is suggested that both sides adopt a variable price system.
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Howland, Marie. "The Impact of Contamination on the Industrial Land Market." SCIENZE REGIONALI, no. 3 (October 2011): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/scre2011-003003.
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This study examines the impact of contamination on land prices and sales in an industrial district in Baltimore, Maryland. We tracked the sales and selling price of land, known to be contaminated, known to be clean, and suspected of contamination because of its historical uses in one industrial area of about 5,580 acres in southwest Baltimore. The results indicate that after the mid-1990s, contaminated parcels have been selling, and the market has adjusted to contamination by lowering prices. Using an OLS model of land prices, we find parcels adjacent to a contaminated parcel - either known or suspected - sold at a 35% discount, and parcels known to be contaminated or had an historical reason-to-suspect of contamination sold at a 55% discount.
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Myrna, Olena, Martin Odening, and Matthias Ritter. "The Influence of Wind Energy and Biogas on Farmland Prices." Land 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8010019.
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In the context of the rapid development of renewable energy in Germany in the last decade, and increased concerns regarding its potential impacts on farmland prices, this paper investigates the impact of wind energy and biogas production on agricultural land purchasing prices. To quantify the possible impact of the cumulative capacity of wind turbines and biogas plants on arable land prices in Saxony-Anhalt, we estimate a community-based and a transaction-based model using spatial econometrics and ordinary least squares. Based on data from 2007 to 2016, our analysis shows that a higher cumulative capacity of wind turbines in communities leads to higher farmland transaction prices, though the effect is very small: if the average cumulative capacity of wind turbines per community doubles, we expect that farmland prices per hectare increase by 0.4%. Plots that are directly affected by a wind turbine or part of a regional development plan, however, experience strong price increases.
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Phipps, A. G. "Households' Utilities and Hedonic Prices for Inner-City Homes." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 19, no. 1 (January 1987): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a190059.
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The housing-consumption preferences of a sample of inner-city owner-occupants in Saskatoon are recovered from their unconstrained residential preferences for housing and neighbourhood types. These unconstrained utilities are quantitatively compared with implicit prices for the same housing and neighborhood types, computed from a hedonic housing price model. A first finding is that the households preferred the levels of eight of the twelve residential attributes that were also the higher priced. In contrast, a second finding was that their unconstrained utilities were negatively monotonically related to the hedonic price scales for four attributes, neighborhood housing, renovation/basement, age of construction, and family life cycle of the neighborhood people. The salience of these four divergences between the scales of value, in terms of future land-use and social change in inner-city neighborhoods, is discussed.
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Abdulaal, Walead A. "Land prices and land subdivision in Madina, Saudi Arabia; 1965–85." Land Development Studies 5, no. 1 (January 1988): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640828808723947.
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Mariš, Martin. "The Importance of Location Factors in Determining Land Prices: The Evidence from Bratislava Hinterland." REGION 8, no. 1 (May 18, 2021): 181–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18335/region.v8i1.328.
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Bratislava, the capital city of Slovakia, is currently experiencing a period of intensive suburbanisation, which in turn creates demand pressures and increases the price of urban land located in its hinterland. This paper investigates several locational factors, which likely significantly influence the demand for land plots and modulate `price-maker' conditions. Based on the population sample of 102 units, the results indicate that built-in infrastructure facilities on land under analysis, advanced transport connectivity in municipalities, and various amenities in the municipality cadastre tend to elevate land prices significantly. Moreover, the factor of distance from the city of Bratislava plays a major role in household location, which was identified by the apparent decreasing rent gradient pattern.
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Maśniak, Jacek, and Andrzej Jędruchniewicz. "AGRICULTURAL LAND PRIVATIZATION IN POLAND." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXI, no. 3 (August 10, 2019): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.3316.
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The aim of the article is to present the process of agricultural land privatization in Poland, taking into account the role that this policy has played in terms of shaping the Polish agricultural model, based on family households. The purpose of the agrarian system shaping policy is the protection and development of family households. To this end, the said group of agricultural households is being granted privileges in terms of access to agricultural land. From an economic point of view, it translates into replacing market allocation with political decisions. The sale of agricultural land on behalf of the state was conducted by the Agricultural Property Agency (APA), which on 1 September 2017 was merged with the Agricultural Market Agency and transformed into the National Center for Agricultural Support. Between 1992 and 2017, a total of over 2.6 million ha of agricultural land (amounting to 55% of all acquired land) was sold. Natural persons acquired a total of 81% of privatized agricultural land, 19% of which was acquired by legal entities. In the years 2005-2017, the prices of agricultural land demonstrated an upward trend. The prices obtained by the Agency were very close to private market prices. The average price amounted to EUR 4,504 per 1 ha in the case of state-owned land and EUR 4,716 per 1 ha in the case of private land.
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Shi, Yi, Xin Yu Hu, and Jun Yan Yang. "Research of Station Zone Spatial Circle and Internal Mechanism in TOD Pattern: Taking Nanjing Metro Line 2 Jiqingmen Station as Example." Applied Mechanics and Materials 409-410 (September 2013): 861–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.861.
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This paper discussed the influence of the urban rail transport on land use and spatial development of the station zone. This research investigated the land use and real estate prices of the Nanjing Metro Line 2 Jiqingmen Station zone, and analyzed land use of station zone and how it was changed in different distances to rail station. The research shows that the overall land use and land prices of rail transit zone have spatial circle characteristics. As the land away from the rail transit site, the influence to the land-use and land prices form the station gradually decline. At the same time, in the level of the urban morphology, rail station produce significant leading role in the building form development around the site.
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Cho, Seonga, and Gunhak Lee. "Exploring spatio-temporal hot spots of land price change with housing transaction data in Seoul." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-45-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Evaluating residential property prices or land values is quite important for urban planning and government taxation as well. But it is generally difficult to predict land values accurately due to the dynamics of land prices, particularly in urban areas. Urban land values are mostly affected by natural environmental changes and various social and economic factors (Colwell & Munneke, 1997). Also, such socio economic factors are influencing both temporal and spatial aspects of land value, and therefore spatio-temporal clusters of land price changes will show local variations of land values very well. Specifically, the spatio-temporal hot spots might indicate highly increasing demand of lands in the urban area. In those areas, regulation against real estate speculation must be needed from the public perspective because such areas might impact on other area land prices and ultimately national economic status. Therefore, analyzing spatio-temporal aspects of the land price is essential for efficient urban planning and policy making.</p><p> In this study, we attempt to detect spatio-temporal hot spots which are constantly increasing the value of residential property among real estate. Although there are many types of differently designated lands including such as commercial, agricultural, and lands for other usage, we focus on the residential lands to estimate land values in this research. The reason for this is because residential house price is substantially increasing and becoming one of sensitive issues of Seoul house market. Therefore, poor people or younger generation cannot afford such high housing expenses in Seoul. Also, house transaction data is much larger than other land usage data, and therefore it can be utilized for estimating land values more precisely. From 2011 to 2016, over 1.8 million housing transactions of lease and sale happened in Seoul. This big data on housing lease and sale transactions indicates the value of each location where the transaction occurred.</p><p> Specifically, we utilize spatial interpolation method including Kriging and differential local Moran’s I approach based on housing transaction data in Seoul. Housing transaction data includes every transaction for sales and leases of the house for the particular period. By applying these methodologies, we can visualize spatio-temporal clusters of highly increasing land prices and interpret significant clusters in terms of social factors. In fact, land price distribution has been widely discussed associated with smart growth and urban development (American Planning Association, 2002; Kaiser et al., 1995). However, most studies have focused on urban development and expansion, rather than the changes in the land price. Moreover, many studies have applied remote sensing approach to analyze urban land expansion (Xiao et al., 2006; Magigi & Drescher, 2010). Notably, Hu et al., (2013) applied IDW to interpolate and estimating land prices with land samples. However, IDW has a shortcoming to interpolate the value which is distant from the sample points. In addition, even studies focusing on the land price have dealt with only one temporal period. From this research gap, we use the ordinary Kriging and differential local Moran’s I to detect and forecast local hot spots of land price changes.</p><p> This research has conducted the following steps. At the first step, several transactions for the residential area are consolidated into a single land value indicator. Suppose that the residential rent consists of three factors that are housing price (<i>P</i>), deposit (<i>D</i>), and monthly rent (<i>R</i>). Each factor can be transformed into the value index (<i>V</i>) by the transformation formula below. After calculating the land value index from the transformation, the global trend of the value index is overlaid on each period. Figure 1. Shows the mean value index increased from 2011 to 2016. Then, square cells regularly spaced by 100 meters are generated over study area to perform the ordinary Kriging. After the ordinary Kriging, the land value index is assigned to each grid cell. Finally, differential local Moran’s I index is calculated based on the difference that value index change between each year.</p><p> <i>V</i>&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.75&thinsp;*&thinsp;0.005&thinsp;*&thinsp;<i>P</i>&thinsp;+&thinsp;0.005&thinsp;*&thinsp;<i>D</i>&thinsp;+&thinsp;<i>R</i></p><p> As a result, the global trend of land value changes from 2011 to 2016 in Seoul is shown in Figure. 1. The mean value index is increasing constantly. The spatio-temporal hot spots of land price change are found where the value index increment exceeds the average value index increasing over Seoul. As a result, seven clusters are detected (Figure. 2).</p>
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Buday, Š. "Agricultural land market in Slovakia in years 2001–2008." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 57, No. 1 (January 27, 2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/145/2010-agricecon.
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The article presents the results from the monitoring analyses of the buying/selling prices of agricultural land in accordance with the deposited contracts in the Real Estate Cadastre in years 2001–2008. Agricultural land sales, land areas and market prices are observed and evaluated under the size structure of the sold estates and their anticipated further utilization in the counties Dunajská Streda, Topoľčany, Rimavská Sobota, Liptovský Mikuláš, Michalovce and Svidník and for all observed counties as a whole. By data analyzing and evaluating of the agricultural land purchases/sales, there was taken into consideration the fact that the average price of the sold estates is to a large extent influenced by their size, location and the purpose of further utilisation. The estates of small area characterized as agricultural land are selling for the highest prices, but they already figure in the development studies and the land-use plans of the villages or they are regarded as building estates in the future. Therefore, the sold estates were divided into two categories in accordance with the expected further land utilization. As the estates for further agricultural utilization, there were considered the estates with the area above 1 hectare of agricultural land. In the case of smaller estates, it is assumed that they will be of building, recreational, sporting or other utilization after the landowner change.
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T.T. Duong, Mai, D. Ary A. Samsura, and Erwin van der Krabben. "Land Conversion for Tourism Development under Vietnam’s Ambiguous Property Rights over Land." Land 9, no. 6 (June 22, 2020): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9060204.
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The paper aims to explore the process of land conversion for tourism development in Vietnam, under the present ambiguous and insecure property rights system. Four case studies in different geographical areas were selected to analyse land conversion and land compensation for tourism projects before and after the implementation of the new land law in 2013. The findings of this study show that, in the present legal system of land and property rights, the rights of local people are not sufficiently guaranteed due to the decisive role of the State not only in defining compensation prices for land in the case of compulsory land acquisition but also in determining whether tourism projects are in the public’s interest or not (thus deciding the appropriate land conversion approach as well as affecting price negotiations). The research also found that, although a voluntary land conversion approach (when the project is not in the public’s interest), based on the 2013 Land Law, offers land users a better negotiation position and a higher compensation payment, possibly reducing land-related conflicts between the State and land users, ambiguity over property rights in fact increased due to the government’s substantial discretion to choose between ‘public purpose’ and ‘economic purpose.’ The paper concludes with questioning whether the present legal basis for compulsory land acquisition is future proof since urbanisation pressure is likely to increase, which may lead to even more land conflicts in the near future.
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Hammam, Muhammad Haidar, Eka Larasati Amalia, and Agung Nugroho Pramudhita. "Analisis Peramalan Peluang Bisnis Tanah Menggunakan Metode Double Exponential Smoothing." Jurnal Informatika Polinema 7, no. 3 (June 18, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jip.v7i3.442.
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PT. JNF is a company engaged in Engineering, Construction, and Project Management, located in South Jakarta. This company wants to develop its business by building housing in the city of Malang, to be precise in the Kedungkandang and Lowokwaru districts. The company needs some data and information about population density and land prices in the area to help the process of their project work. Providing information on data and forecasting results about population density and land prices in the area will help companies facilitate business development. Therefore, companies need an information system that can predict population density data and land prices in Kedungkandang sub-district and Lowokwaru sub-district, which functions to help companies see land business opportunities in Malang for housing development. The method used to make this system is the Double Exponential Smoothing method, because this method has a trend pattern that matches the data pattern of the object to be predicted. The data used are data from 2005 - 2018. The result of population density forecasting for Lowokwaru sub-district is 8713.98 and has a MAPE value of 1.39%, for Kedungkandang sub-district is 4949.07 and has a MAPE value of 2.55%, for the land price of Lowokwaru sub-district is 2777725.18 and has a MAPE value of 3.45 % and Kedungkandang sub-district is 1766560.27 and has a MAPE value of 8.36%. Based on the calculation of the MAPE value the results of the forecast above, it can be concluded that if the greater the constant value, the lower the MAPE value, the best constant value is between 0.6 - 0.9. The land business opportunity in Lowokwaru and Kedungkandang sub-districts is high based on the forecasting results of population density and land prices which tend to increase every year and the land business opportunity value based on ROI (Return of Investment) for the company is 0.38% of the initial capital.
Keywords: information systems, forecasting, land business opportunities, land prices, population density, double exponential smoothing.
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Andoh, Katsumi, and Makoto Ohta. "A HEDONIC ANALYSIS OF LAND PRICES IN YAMANASHI PREFECTURE, JAPAN." Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies 9, no. 2 (September 1997): 146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-940x.1997.tb00102.x.
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Li, Chao, and John Gibson. "Spatial Price Differences and Inequality in the People's Republic of China: Housing Market Evidence." Asian Development Review 31, no. 1 (March 2014): 92–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/adev_a_00024.
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The large literature on regional inequality in the People's Republic of China (PRC) is hampered by incomplete evidence on price dispersion across space, making it hard to distinguish real and nominal inequality. The two main methods used to calculate spatial deflators have been to price a national basket of goods and services across different regions in the country or else to estimate a food Engel curve and define the deflator as that needed for nominally similar households to have the same food budget shares in all regions. Neither approach is convincing with the data available. Moreover, a focus on tradable goods such as food may be misplaced because of the emerging literature on the rapid convergence of traded goods prices within the PRC that contrasts with earlier claims of fragmented internal markets. In a setting where traded goods prices converge rapidly, the main source of price dispersion across space should come from nontraded items, and especially from housing given the fixity of land. In this paper we use newly available data on dwelling sales in urban PRC to develop spatially-disaggregated indices of house prices which are then used as spatial deflators for both provinces and core urban districts. These new deflators complement existing approaches that have relied more on traded goods prices and are used to re-examine the evidence on the level of regional inequality. Around one-quarter of the apparent spatial inequality disappears once account is taken of cost-of-living differences.
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Lloyd, T. A., and A. J. Rayner. "Land prices, rents and inflation: A cointegration analysis." Oxford Agrarian Studies 18, no. 2 (January 1990): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600819008424028.
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Cai, Xingran, Yanqing Liang, Zhiying Huang, and Jingfeng Ge. "Spatiotemporal pattern and coordination relationship between urban residential land price and land use intensity in 31 provinces and cities in China." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 20, 2021): e0254846. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254846.
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The trend towards efficient and intensive use of land resources is an inevitable outcome of current social development. The rational matching of urban land prices and land use intensity has become an important factor under accelerating urbanization, and promotes the healthy development of the social economy. Using data on residential land price and on land use intensity for 31 provinces and cities in China, we employ the E-G cointegration test and quadrant map classification to determine the coordination relationship between land price and land use intensity. We then employ HR coordination to calculate the coordination degree of land price and land use intensity, and classify the coordination type accordingly. Our results are as follows. (1) The spatio-temporal distribution of urban land price shows high variability with multiple maxima, and follows a decreasing trend from the southeast coastal area to the northwest inland area and the northeast. (2) The overall land use intensity is at or above the middle level, and shows large spatial differences between provinces, but the agglomeration between provinces is increasing. (3) From the perspective of the relationship between urban land price and land use intensity at the inter-provincial scale, we find that the land price and land use intensity are well coordinated, and the number of provinces has been dynamically changing during different development periods. There is an east-west difference in the spatial distribution of land price and land use intensity coordination level. Different provinces and cities with the same coordination stage show differences in their land price and land use intensity level.
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Chu, Luhong, and Haizhen Wen. "Temporal and Spatial Effects of Urban Center on Housing Price — A Case Study on Hangzhou, China." World Journal of Social Science Research 5, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjssr.v5n1p89.
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<em>With the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid development of real estate, people pay more and more attention to the change of urban housing prices. Over time, the change of city center will inevitably affect the urban land or housing prices, which is reflected in the spatial distribution of urban land or housing prices. Therefore, this article attempts to explore the impact of urban center on housing prices from the perspective of multi-center city and study separately from two aspects of time and space. This paper takes the six main urban districts of Hangzhou as the research scope. At the time level, we select the residential data from 2007 to 2015 to construct models respectively based on the hedonic price theory and find that the influence of different urban center on housing price shows a certain change with time. On the spatial level, this paper choses the residential data in 2012 to construct geographic weighted regression model and the result shows that the impact of three centers on housing prices shows a certain degree of spatial heterogeneity.</em>
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Lee, Sang-Hyang, Jae-Hwan Kim, and Jun-Ho Huh. "Land Price Forecasting Research by Macro and Micro Factors and Real Estate Market Utilization Plan Research by Landscape Factors: Big Data Analysis Approach." Symmetry 13, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13040616.
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In real estate, there are various variables for the forecasting of future land prices, in addition to the macro and micro perspectives used in the current research. Examples of such variables are the economic growth rate, unemployment rate, regional development and important locations, and transportation. Therefore, in this paper, data on real estate and national price fluctuation rates were used to predict the ways in which future land prices will fluctuate, and macro and micro perspective variables were actively utilized in order to conduct land analysis based on Big Data analysis. We sought to understand what kinds of variables directly affect the fluctuation of the land, and to use this for future land price analysis. In addition to the two variables mentioned above, the factor of the landscape was also confirmed to be closely related to the real estate market. Therefore, in order to check the correlation between the landscape and the real estate market, we will examine the factors which change the land price in the landscape district, and then discuss how the landscape and real estate can interact. As a result, re-explaining the previous contents, the future land price is predicted by actively utilizing macro and micro variables in real estate land price prediction. Through this method, we want to increase the accuracy of the real estate market, which is difficult to predict, and we hope that it will be useful in the real estate market in the future.