Academic literature on the topic 'Development methology'

The article presents detailed review of works and opinions of different researchers on the problem of studying the state policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of national security. Historical publications, works of classical scholars, publicists, politicians and public figures have been analyzed. The methology of studying the establishment and development of national security in the Russian Federation has been considered.

As the development of communication technology, celular phone was no longer functioned as communication media but also as business media. This improvement could also be utilized as alternative of marketing strategy, one of it was point reward system which aimed to increase customer retention. The methology that would be used i.e. analitical analisys, literature and application design that of designing J2ME application to interact with customer. In analysis phase, several activities were: questionnaire which was spread to customer, interviewed the tenant and observed current marketing and promotion system in a mall. Information needed then analyzed as input. The input later be used in design phase to obtain the finals result in accordance with the requirements.

In this paper a new methology for surface microgeometry modelling is presented, taking the surface of a polished magnesium alloy as an example . The proposed method essentially is based on the usage of the mathematical concept of the continuous non-differentiable manifold composed of cones. The cones’ aperture, eccentricity, height and angular orientation are model parameters, as well as the cones spread over the modelled surface. The spread of cones might be of very different nature ranging from simple deterministic patterns to purely random distribution accordingly to the theory of spatial point processes. The statistical parameters estimated in the model are: Rp, Rv, Rt, Ra, Rq, Rskew, Rkurt, the roughness distribution histogram and the bearing curve. The geometrical parameters are: surface area, surface development, surface capacity and volume. All of the computational methods have been carefully examined from the perspective of use on discrete grids. The simulated surfaces have been compared with experimental results obtained with the used AFM technique on samples of the polished AZ31 magnesium alloy. The very high level of conformity achieved between the results from the modeled surface and the experimentally obtained results gives us a promising prognosis for further use.

In this paper we address the problem of specification and design of concurrent systems. More accurately, we present the definition of a new specification language that is formal, wide-spectrum, model-based, concurrent, polymorphic and strongly implicitly typed. The language is built upon a concurrent, funtional and imperative programming language: Concurrent ML. Specification aspects are supported thanks to the addition of some specification constructs and also by allowing axioms to ML structures and signatures. The resulting specification language is thus highly expressive though it embodies a restricted number of concepts. We present here the motivations underlying the definition of such a language as well as the design choices. Furthermore, we introduce the specification and development methology and illustrate it on various examples. We will see that many specification styles are allowed: algebraic, applicative, state-based, concurrent applicative and concurrent imperative. We show that the language rests on secure theoretical foundations exemplified by formal syntactic and semantic definitions. The latter consists in a static semantics together with a dynamic semantics. The static semantics reconstructs not only principal types but also minimal side and communication effects. This is done thanks to an extension of the type and effect discipline. The language is also endowed with a dynamic denotational semantics. The underlying model is based on an extension of the acceptance trees model to handle value-passing, communication, assignment, sequencing, return of results and higher order objects.

By the end of 2012 the population of motorcycle reached 77.7 million units with their average composition on the road reached 82%. The number of motorcycles produce CO2 emissions which have a negative impact on global warming. Global warming occurs because the greenhouse effect of CO2 in the atmosphere absorb heat energy and obstructed the heat from the atmosphere to the higher surface.The data collected in this research is the data of motorcycles fuel consumption. The method of data processing by converting the fuel consumption data to CO2 emissions using the equation of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) AMS-III Methology. The purpose of this research is to create models of CO2 emissions on a motorcycle against several influential independent variables such as manufacture, service life, engine displacement (cc) and travel speed. Method analysis using correlation and regression analysis.Based on the regression analysis, the best combination that produces the lowest value of CO2 is a motorcycle with a combination of manufacture number 2, 5 years service life, engine displacement of 111-149 cc and travel speed of 60 km/h. Whereas from the the correlations analysis obtained the motorcycle of manufacture number 2 able to decrease up to 15% CO2 and motorcycles with engine displacement of 111-149 cc is able to reduce CO2 emission from 17% to 43%. While the service life of one year to six years resulting CO2 emissions which relatively similar with only difference of 15%. Furthermore, the travel speed of 60 km/h able to reduce CO2 emissions by up to 62%.

Abstract Background: Polymorphisms at the thiopurine S-methyltransferase coding gene (TPMT) determine enzyme activity and consequently, the development of toxicity secondary to thiopurines. Methods: A total of 108 DNA samples from volunteer donors and 39 from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were analyzed. Genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes was isolated by standard methods. Known (wild-type and polymorphic) sequenced polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fragments of the TPMT gene were used as controls. TPMT gene fragments were amplified for exons 5, 7 and 10. Thereafter, PCR products were analyzed by denaturating high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) for the most frequent mutant TPMT alleles, according to the method developed by Schaeffeler et al. on an analysis system from Transgenomics. Results: No elution profiles on DHPLC analysis, different from those previously reported, were documented. Frequency of allele polymorphisms was 27.3% in healthy and 19.7% in ALL population. However, only 17.6% of all polymorphisms found are considered functional, the most frequent being *3A (n = 13; 4.4%), followed by *3B (n = 5; 1.7%), *3C (n = 5; 1.7%), and *2 (n = 3; 1.0%). From 39 ALL patients, 22 were treated with thiopurines, and particularly one patient, who was referred to our Hospital to investigate relapse, after developing pancytopenia while on treatment with thiopurine, had a TPMT*3C allele. He required broad spectrum antibiotics, platelets transfusions, as well as G-CSF. This example illustrates that TPMT polymorphisms must be determined before thiopurines are indicated. Conclusions: DHPLC is a highly sensitive, rapid and efficient method to identify relevant TPMT gene mutations which allows the screening for genetic variability in the TPMT gene. This is the first analysis of the polymorphisms at this gene in Mexican population. The frequency of known polymorphisms was similar to those reported in other regions worldwide. Since a direct relation has been documented within functional polymorphisms and enzyme activity, and this methology is feasible to realize in any phase during the treatment of ALL patients, the routine typing of TPMT polymorphisms in the patients with ALL has been set in our Institution. Table 1. Frequency of TPMT polymorphisms in mexican population Population TPMT*1 TPMT*1S TPMT*2 TPMT*3A TPMT*3B TPMT*3C * Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Healthy n(%) 50 (72.7) 42 (19.4) 2 (0.92) 7 (3.24) 5 (2.3) 3 (1.4) ALL* n(%) 24 (80.3) 5 (6.9) 2 (2.7) 6 (7.6) -- 2 (2.5)

Abstrak: Artikel ini mengkaji budaya akademik dalam sistem pendidikan dayah Salafiyah di Aceh. Secara historis, dayah dikenal telah melahirkan banyak ulama dari berbagai disiplin ilmu, sehingga akan menarik untuk mengkaji perkembangan budaya akademik pada sistem pendidikan dayah yang melahirkannya. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif, dan menemukan bahwa budaya akademik di dayah Salafiyah masih belum berkembang. Kondisi ini lebih disebabkan oleh empat faktor, yakni budaya akademik di dayah telah berkembang secara turun temurun, masih menggunakan kurikulum dan metodologi pengajaran yang masih tradisional, serta organisasinya belum dikelola dengan manajemen yang sistematis. Keempatnya berpengaruh pada budaya akademik dalam sistem pendidikan dayah yang meliputi budaya belajar, memberi pendapat, pengembangan keilmuan, dan berorganisasi.<br /><br />Abstract: Academic Culture of Dayah Salafiyah Education System in Aceh. As a center of education, propagation, and religious development, Dayah (traditional Islamic boarding school) has produced a large number of ulama from various fields of disciplines. This article attempts to study academic culture of Dayah Salafiyah education system in Aceh. This articles utilizes qualitative approach, and found that academic culture of Dayah Salafiyah has not yet developed. It is argued that there are at least four aspects that underpins the condition, namely, academic culture, the use of traditional curriculum, methology as well as organization. In reality, however, the academic culture of Dayah has not shown an open and inclusive culture. As such, the existence of Dayah has been put under a big question mark. Although the number of Dayah has been significantly increasing in Aceh Besar, its teaching and learning quality has been declining, and its roles in government and community system have also been weakening.<br /><br />Kata Kunci: budaya akademik, dayah, Salafiyah, sistem pendidikan

This document describes the process of design and development of a virtual reality system tailored to the Manufacturing environment of Aerospace industry using TRIZ metholodogy with the objective of reducing the learning curve in direct labor. There were identified the critical problems in Manufacturing that describe the longest timing of learning curve. The solution consists of conceiving a Virtual reality system introducing 3D technologies, interactive interfaces and Advanced software to help the user to learn faster and acquire the knowledge and skills in hours. Aircraft Manufacturing environment relies on human factor due to the high complexity of craftsmanship and product controls, severity and a high variety and specialization of many different components with different geometries that are assembled from minor to major assemblies to finally build an aerostructure sizing 63 ft x 20 ft (e.g. Cessna Sovereign+) that consists of 200 thousands subassemblies and details that require precisión and perfection to manufacture a product that meets functional and quality expectations.

Sustained-release matrix tablets containing rotundin sulfat are prepared by a wet granulation method. The influence of Metholose 100.000 RS, 4000 SR, Avicel PH101, lactose and tablet compression force on the ability to release rotundin from the tablets has been evaluated. Modde 8.0 software was used in the experiment. The influencing factors were evaluated by software FormRules v2.0 and the optimal formula predicted by the INForm v3.1 was optimized. The selected optimal formulation of rotundin sulfate tablets for a drug release process lasting 8 hours contained Metholose 100.000 RS 120 mg; Avicel PH101 24.0 mg; lactose 34.5 mg; and 8 kP tablet hardness. Keywords Rotundin sulfat, matrix tablet, sustained release, optimizing. References [1] Đỗ Tất Lợi, Những cây thuốc và vị thuốc Việt Nam, NXB Thời Đại (2011), 779. [2] Nguyễn Minh Chính và CS, Nghiên cứu tách chiết rotundin để sản xuất thuốc tiêm rotundin sulfat, Tạp chí Y Dược học Quân sự. 1 (1999) 55-56. [3] Nguyễn Thanh Hải, Bùi Thanh Tùng, Phạm Thị Minh Huệ (2017), Phỏng sinh học trong y dược học – Hướng nghiên cứu cần đẩy mạnh, Tạp chí khoa học ĐHQGHN, Khoa học Y Dược. 33(1) (2017) 1-4. [4] Bộ Y tế, Dược điển Việt Nam V, Nhà xuất bản Y học, 1 (2017), 842-844. [5] M. Levina, A.R. Rajabi-Siaboomi, The influence of excipients on drug release from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose matrices, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 93(11) (2004) 2746-2754. [6] Nguyễn Minh Chính, Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm, Nguyễn Văn Bạch, Tối ưu hóa công thức bào chế viên nén rotundin sulfat giải phóng kéo dài, Tạp chí Y Dược học Quân sự. số CĐ Dược (2016), 61-67. [7] N. Aruna, K.M. Babu, Formulation and evaluation of sustained release matrix tablets containing metformin HCl and Syzygium cumini, International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Archive. 2(3) (2011), 900-905. [8] B.J. Lee, et al, Formulation and release charecteristics of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose matrix tablet containing melatonin, Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. 25 (1999) 493-501.[9] A. Nokhochi, J.L. Ford, P. Rowe, et al, The e ffects of compression rate and force on the compaction properties of different viscosity grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2208, International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 129 (1996), 21-31.

The nature of Web system development is significantly different from conventional software development. Good method for system development is needed. Analysis show, that main known system development methods are good at describing static web application aspects, but does not provide a good description for modeling web application behavioral characteristics. This work uses model driven approach as one, suitable for dealing with web application development problems. The key aspect of model driven approach is specifying system domain model independent of any particular technology (J2EE, Microsoft .NET, etc.) and then generating platform specific model or its implementation. The UML is user-friendly, easy to use and is useful for describing system effectively. Specification expressed in terms of UML can be rendered into an XML document using the OMG’s XMI DTD for UML, which makes UML suitable for model driven approach implementation. In this work, method for specifying application behavior design using UML was presented. This method gives rules for specifying web application behavior model, suitable for its implementation code generation. The main components used in today’s web application which implementation could be generated from the model were also described. It was shown, that it is possible to generate much of implementation, just using such a model representation in XMI. The main idea presented in this work is that web application development should be model driven as... [to full text]

碩士
國立清華大學
工業工程與工程管理學系
89
In recent years, it is a common phenomenon of enterprises using ERP systems to assist business management. The next goal for enterprises to practice is how an enterprise can use knowledge management to make sure that its business processes are executed correctly. For this reason, people begin to put emphases on the concept of workflow gradually. In fact, Workflow means the computerized facilitation or automation of a business process in whole or part, and a workflow system or Workflow Management System (WFMS) is which can completely defines, manages and excutes “workflow” through the execution of a software. An enterprise controls the activities of a process and dispatch its related resource well when the process is executed by the workflow system. An enterprise has to create process definitions first before using WFMS to manage its business process. A process definition is the core of a workflow system, and its main purpose is to describe the workflow model. In other words, a workflow system that can properly finish the execution of a workflow mainly depends on whether the process definitions can provide correct information. For this reason, this research proposes a build-time development procedure of a workflow system based on process definitions. The methodology of this research is composed of three phases. Phase 1 is Workflow Analysis which uses ARIS-Toolset as a business process analysis tool to build workflow models. Phase 2 is Object Classes Definition which uses a meta-model to difine the relationships and attributes of top-level entities in a process definition. Phase 3 is Process Definition which creates workflow process definitions through object concepts and uses XMI documents as a standard storage format of process definitions. Finally, this research designs a simply constructed workflow system which supports process definitions in XMI format, and then explains the development procedure using a simple business process for dealing with a purchase order. The main purpose is to prove the feasibility of the proposed methodology, inclusive of process definitions exporting to a software through XMI format and dynamic changes in the system run-time stage.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
106
This study is aimed to develop a regional groundwater numerical model calibration method. After finsishing the model, I will apply it to evaluate the change of groundwater level when decreasing the volume of pumping in severe subsidence area, and possible volume of pumping in area. When I want to correct the parameters, I use Gradient method. It uses partial derivatives on objective function to decide the correction of parameters. However, the outcome of partial derivatives on objective function can’t be solved. So, I use physical principal and some mathematical function to approximate the the part of partial derivatives, and this can quickly find the correction of 5 parameters including net surface recharge, pumping in deep aquifer , net boundary flux , horizontal hydraulic conductivity, and vertical leakance. Finally, the established method was applied on the groundwater system of Chou-Shui River Alluvial Fan and Minzu Basin. With this model, we can estimate the pumping potential of Minzu Basin and the rise of groundwater in severe subsidence area of Chou-Shui River Alluvial Fan when decreasing the volume of pumping. The proposed groundwater parameters calibration method is based on an optimization model which the objective function is minimizing the the sum of square error of the simulated and observed error in groundwater storage. The decision variables are net surface recharge, volume of pumping in deep aquifer , net boundary flux ,horizontal hydraulic conductivity, and vertical leakance. There are three constraints of the optimization model: (1) the flow of groundeater system msut flow the conservation of mass(2) the simulated groundwater level must follow the governing equation of groundwater flow; (3) all decision variables are restricted to a reasonable limits. The process of the optimization model sets the initial value of decision variables first, and inputs the variables to groundwater model. Thus, the groundwater level can be simulated and the objective function will be estimated. If the objective function doesn’t satisfy the stop condition, the simulated error hydrograph of groundwater level will be calculated. Applying the physical principal and some math function, the modified decision variables is calculater according to the simulated error hydrograph of groundwater level. From iterations, the optimal temporal-spatial distribuation of decision variables can be obtained. This study applied the optimization model on the calibration of the groundwater system in Chou-Shui River Alluvial Fan and Minzu Basin. The simulated period is from January 2012 to December 2014 monthly. The total variables of hydraulic conductivity in four acquifers are 126, of vertical leakance are 96. There are 1080 net surface recharge, 3456 pumping in deep aquifer and 1332 net boundary flux temporal-spatial distribuation in all stress period. The result show that the error in the aquifer drops down very quickly than deeper aquifers because lots of decision variavles can affect aquifer.However, the RMSE of groundwater level in all aquifers are still about 1 m. The calibrated hydraulic conductivity and vertical leakence are mostly in reasonable limits, and the other flow decision variables are still in reasonable limits. The simulated groundwater level can reflect the approximately trendance in all acquifer and can capture the peak of the observed value in first acquifer. Hence, the established method of this study can effectively and accurately calibrate temporal-spatial distribution of groundwater flow and hydrogeological parameters. Finally, we can apply it in real situation and estimate it.

The chapter explains a new design methology. On the basis of prehistoric textile products and their cultural design, the smallest units, fabric patterns, the most diverse types of fabric, enmeshment and cross-linking, new arrangements of yarn systems into new one-, two-, or multi-dimensional structures, relationships, systems and networks, how things interrelate with each other is depicted. The method relies on the recognition of patterns and relationships from all possible disciplines, whether textile, architecture, interior design, urban planning, mobility, social media, or social society, which can then be used holistically and sustainably for all complex questions of life and space. On the basis of abstract concepts, attention is trained for units and made available for New ones. This enables completely new perspectives in an ever more complex, social, and societally changing world. The examples and design approaches presented in the chapter concentrate primarily on process development and the associated holistic approaches.