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Sraieb, Mohamed Mounir. "Policies for development aid." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209091.
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My dissertation is an advocacy of the idea that if aid proved to be ineffective, it is partly because of the donor and not only the recipient as it is usually argued. The thesis contributes to the theoretical and empirical literature on aid effectiveness and explores the ability of aid to achieve its goals in the presence of both incentives and informational problems. The thesis consists of three essays dealing with a particular aspect of donor policies that may impact the effectiveness of aid: i) the drivers of aid allocation among recipient countries, ii) ex-post conditionality and the role of reputation in inducing compliance with aid contracts; iii) and finally, the optimal choice of aid modalities.
The first chapter investigates the drivers of U.S. aid policy.
I find considerable evidence that the pattern of aid is dictated as much by political and strategic considerations, as by the economic needs and merit of the recipients. Most importantly, inertia seems to impact heavily the aid allocation process. Any of these motivations, when excessive, would lead to a time inconsistency situation where the donor is not credible in his conditionality. With such an impact on aid allocation, the question arises on the effectiveness of conditioning aid provision on political, social, or economic reforms. This is precisely the scope of chapter 2.
The second chapter investigates the conditions under which reputation can serve as commitment device in order to induce donors of development aid to enforce aid contracts and recipients to comply with such contracts. The idea is that the success of conditionality rests solely on the availability of a commitment technology that ties the hands of the donor. Reputation concerns could create the required incentives and overcome the altruism effect on the donor side.
Notwithstanding that incentive creation must not be driven by the volume of aid only, but also by the way it is channelled, i.e. aid modality. This is particularly relevant for recipients with certain characteristics. Depending on the preference alignment of the donor and the recipient, the information structure in place, the optimal aid modality can change. The characteristics of the optimal aid package are investigated in chapter 3. Optimality imposes a mix of fixed project and financial transfer to recipient countries. The transfer can be negative for countries exhibiting a high willingness or ability to redistribute to the poor. This is interpreted as a contribution to the financing of the infrastructure project. The extent of the project (large or small size) is determined by the interest of government for the poor in the recipient country.
Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Nogueira, MaÌrio G. "Tourism development management : policies and strategies." Thesis, University of Derby, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418670.
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Bachmann, Veit. "Geopolitical influences on German development policies in Africa and AIDS policies in Kenya." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1792.
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Detassis, Cristina <1992>. "Policy Coherence for Development in EU Development and Trade Policies." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/13914.
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The European Union (EU) has focused, since the establishment of the European Economic Community with the Treaty of Rome in 1957, on cooperation with developing countries, in particular with the former colonies of its Member States, the African Carabbean and Pacific (ACP) countries. Whilst the principle of Policy Coherence for Development (PCD) emerged in the work of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and in the EU political agenda since the early 1990s, it was only in the mid-2000s that it became the primary goal of EU development policy. This thesis will analyse firstly the evolution of EU development policy since the Treaty of Rome, in order to understand the broad context in which PCD emerged; secondly, I will try to explain how and why PCD emerged, how it has been defined, who are the actors, both within the EU and at a multilateral level, that committed to the principle, what are the specific policy instruments that they adopt to implement it and also how it is assessed the level of coherence achieved, in order to understand whether the European Union does successfully promote and apply the principle in its development policy; and finally, I will analyse the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) as a case study for determining whether the EU successfully translated its commitments towards PCD into practice in its relations with the ACP countries, fostering their development through trade policy.
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Dean, Jonathan Daniel. "Environmental impacts of trade-oriented development policies /." View online, 2009. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131559250.pdf.
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Prnjat, Ognjen. "Development of integrity policies for network management." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271057.
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Swiss, Liam. "Developing consensus: the globalisation of development assistance policies." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32545.
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This dissertation explains the increasingly homogenous institutional and policy framework of Official Development Assistance. Whereas multilateral actors like the World Bank or the issue of civil society involvement in development have been substantially researched and discussed, less attention has been paid to the institutions of bilateral donor agencies and the processes by which they arrive at common policy positions. It is of great importance to better understand how donors arrive at these consensus policy positions, essentially limiting development possibilities worldwide. Engaged with the literatures on world polity theory, development assistance, and social movements, this dissertation examines the social processes which explain this growing uniformity among major bilateral development assistance donor agencies. This research adopts a mixed-methods approach of both quantitative and qualitative methods to illustrate the working of world polity influences on nation-state donor agencies. Event history analysis techniques at the macro level are used to show the influence of world society on donor states, then the relationships identified in this quantitative analysis are used to frame two in-depth qualitative case studies on gender and security policy among three countries, Canada, Sweden, and the United States. My results show that despite different national contexts, there are common social processes and mechanisms of globalisation that promote conformity and isomorphism among donor countries. Five primary social processes are identified: (1) internalisation and certification; (2) donor agency embeddedness with civil society; (3) bureaucratic activism; (4) catalytL'objet de cette thèse est d'expliquer les raisons pour lesquelles le cadre politique et institutionnel de l'aide publique au développement devient de plus en plus homogène. Si les organismes multilatéraux (comme la Banque mondiale) et la participation de la société civile dans le développement ont fait l'objet de nombreux débats et d'études approfondies, il en est tout autrement pour les institutions des organismes donateurs bilatéraux et les processus via lesquels ils aboutissent à une position politique commune. Il est donc primordial de mieux comprendre comment les donateurs parviennent à ces consensus politiques qui limitent avant tout les possibilités de développement dans le monde. À travers l'étude de la littérature portant sur la théorie de la politie planétaire, sur l'aide au développement et sur les mouvements sociaux, cette thèse examine les processus sociaux qui expliquent l'uniformité croissante parmi les principaux organismes donateurs d'aide bilatérale au développement. Cette recherche se fonde sur une approche méthodologique mixte, à la fois quantitative et qualitative, pour démontrer comment la politie planétaire influence les organismes donateurs des États-nations. Des techniques de macro-analyse des transitions sont employées pour montrer l'influence de la société mondiale sur les États donateurs. Les relations identifiées dans cette analyse quantitative sont ensuite utilisées pour formuler deux études de cas détaillées, l'une sur les politiques en matière d'égalité entre les sexes et l'autre sur les politiques de sécurité, dans trois pays : le Canada, la Suède et les États-Unis d'Amérique. Mes résultat
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Al-Obaid, Abdullah A. "Agricultural development in Saudi Arabia : policies and evaluations." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/7638.
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Zlaoui, Leila. "Regional development in Morocco : policies and financial flows." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78974.
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Sadikhov, Elchin <1998>. "Environmental policies in Azerbaijan within sustainable development framework." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21693.
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Introduction
Chapter 1. Sustainable development and its relationship with the environment
1.1 The concept of sustainable development and its historical development
1.2 The scope of sustainable development
1.3 Strategy, aims, objectives and criticisms of sustainable development
1.4 Relationship between sustainable development and environment
Chapter 2. Comprehensive study of economic mechanisms and methods of modern sustainable environmental development in Azerbaijan
2.1. Economic methods in the regulation of sustainable environmental development in Azerbaijan
2.2. Programs and projects implemented by international organizations to ensure environmental development in the Republic of Azerbaijan
2.3. Systematic analysis of sustainable environmental development management
Chapter 3. Evaluation of green economy and projects in terms of sustainable development in Azerbaijan
3.1 Green economy analysis in Azerbaijan
3.2 State mechanism of regulation of sustainable ecological development and development perspectives
3.3 Evaluation of projects designed to promote sustainable and economic Development in Azerbaijan
3.3.1 Socio-Economic Development of the Republic of Azerbaijan 2004-2018 State Project
3.3.2 Azerbaijan 2020: Looking Forward Development Project
3.3.3 State Project of Social and Economic Development of Regions in Azerbaijan 2019-2023
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Sadikhov, Elchin <1998>. "Environmental policies in Azerbaijan within sustainable development framework." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21694.
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Introduction
Chapter 1. Sustainable development and its relationship with the environment
1.1 The concept of sustainable development and its historical development
1.2 The scope of sustainable development
1.3 Strategy, aims, objectives and criticisms of sustainable development
1.4 Relationship between sustainable development and environment
Chapter 2. Comprehensive study of economic mechanisms and methods of modern sustainable environmental development in Azerbaijan
2.1. Economic methods in the regulation of sustainable environmental development in Azerbaijan
2.2. Programs and projects implemented by international organizations to ensure environmental development in the Republic of Azerbaijan
2.3. Systematic analysis of sustainable environmental development management
Chapter 3. Evaluation of green economy and projects in terms of sustainable development in Azerbaijan
3.1 Green economy analysis in Azerbaijan
3.2 State mechanism of regulation of sustainable ecological development and development perspectives
3.3 Evaluation of projects designed to promote sustainable and economic Development in Azerbaijan
3.3.1 Socio-Economic Development of the Republic of Azerbaijan 2004-2018 State Project
3.3.2 Azerbaijan 2020: Looking Forward Development Project
3.3.3 State Project of Social and Economic Development of Regions in Azerbaijan 2019-2023
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Wilcox, Mark Elliot. "Rural entrepreneurial development effective policies for the 21st century /." Online version, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008wilcoxm.pdf.
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Bah, Adama. "Essays on Development Policies : Social Protection, Community-Based Development and Regional Integration." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10441.
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Cette thèse propose une analyse de certaines des politiques considérées actuellement comme étant des éléments-clé de toute stratégie de développement, avec l’objectif de contribuer au récent débat sur le développement international. Je considère en particulier l’élaboration, la mise en oeuvre et l’évaluation des politiques de protection sociale, de développement participatif et d’intégration régionale. Le premier chapitre repose sur l’idée que, pour être efficaces en matière de réduction de la pauvreté, les politiques de protection sociale doivent avoir pour double objectif de permettre aux ménages pauvres d’accéder à des ressources suffisantes pour satisfaire leurs besoins de base, ainsi que de réduire le risque auquel les ménages non pauvres sont confrontés de voir leur niveau de bien-être diminuer sous le seuil de pauvreté. Je propose une méthode permettant d’estimer le degré de vulnérabilité à la pauvreté des ménages. La vulnérabilité est ici définie comme la probabilité pour un ménage de se trouver sous le seuil de pauvreté dans le futur, étant données ses caractéristiques actuelles. Dans le second chapitre, je me place dans un contexte de ciblage des programmes de protection sociale par un score approximant le niveau de vie (proxy-means testing). La précision, et donc l’efficacité, de cette approche pour identifier les ménages pauvres dépendent de la capacité à prédire avec exactitude le niveau de bien-être des ménages, laquelle découle de la sélection de variables pertinentes. Je propose une méthode basée sur l’estimation d’un échantillon aléatoire de modèles de consommation, pour identifier les variables dont la corrélation avec le bien-être des ménages est à la fois élevée et robuste. Ces variables appartiennent à différentes catégories, y compris la possession de biens durables, l’accès aux services d’énergie domestique et d’assainissement, la qualité et le statut d’occupation du logement, et le niveau d’éducation des membres du ménage. Les troisième et quatrième chapitres de cette thèse proposent une analyse ex-post des politiques de développement, et portent en particulier sur les conséquences inattendues d’un programme de développement participatif et les raisons de l’insuffisante performance de politiques d’intégration régionale, respectivement. Le troisième chapitre évalue dans quelle mesure la réaction des deux groupes rebelles présents aux Philippines face à la mise en oeuvre d’un programme participatif d’aide au développement est compatible avec l’idée que ces deux groupes ont différentes idéologies, caractéristiques et raisons pour lutter contre le gouvernement. Il utilise une base de données collectées en utilisant les reportages d’un journal local concernant les épisodes de guerre impliquant ces deux groupes, ainsi que les prédictions d’un modèle d’insurrection basé sur la recherche de rente (rent-seeking). Les résultats sont conformes à la classification proposée de ces deux groupes rebelles ; leur réaction face au projet dépend de leur position idéologique. Le dernier chapitre analyse l’impact des guerres civiles en Afrique sur la performance des communautés économiques régionales, approximée par la synchronisation des cycles économiques des différents partenaires régionaux. Les résultats montrent que la synchronisation des cycles économiques diminue avec l’occurrence de guerres civiles, non seulement pour les pays directement affectés, mais également pour leurs voisins en paixIn this thesis, I aim to contribute to the recent international development debate, by providing an analysis of some of the policies that are considered key elements of a development strategy. Focusing on social protection, community-based development and regional integration, I consider aspects related to their design, implementation and evaluation. In the first chapter, I propose a method to estimate ex ante vulnerability to poverty, defined as the probability of being poor in the near future given one’s current characteristics. This is based on the premise that effective social protection policies should aim not only to help the poor move out of poverty, but also to protect the vulnerable from falling into it. In the second chapter, I consider the issue of identifying the poor in a context of targeting social protection programs using a Proxy-Means Testing (PMT) approach, which precision, and therefore usefulness relies on the selection of indicators that produce accurate predictions of household welfare. I propose a method based on model random sampling to identify indicators that are robustly and strongly correlated with household welfare, measured by per capita consumption. These indicators span the categories of household private asset holdings, access to basic domestic energy, education level, sanitation and housing. The third and fourth chapters of this thesis provide an ex-post analysis of development policies and focus in particular on the unintended consequences of a community-driven program and on the reasons for the lack of progress in regional economic integration. The third chapter assesses whether the reaction of the two distinct rebel groups that operate in the Philippines to the implementation of a large-scale community-driven development project funded by foreign aid is consistent with the idea that these two groups have different ideologies, characteristics and motives for fighting. It is based on a unique geo-referenced dataset that we collected from local newspaper reports on the occurrence of conflict episodes involving these rebel groups, and on the predictions of a rent-seeking model of insurgency. The findings are consistent with the proposed classification of the rebel groups; the impact of the foreign aid project on each rebel group depends on their ideological stance. In the last chapter, I analyze how civil conflicts affect the economic fate of African regional economic communities through its effect on the synchronicity of regional partners’ economies. I find that conflict decreases business cycle synchronicity when it occurs within a regional economic community, both for the directly affected countries and for their more peaceful regional peers
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Saif, Ibrahim Hasan. "Trade policies, industrialisation and productivity growth in Jordan." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367571.
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Al-Yemeni, Mohammed Saad. "Urban land development policies : the case of Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1985. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21466.
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The growth of population, the higher standard of living and all other changes associated with economic growth have been generating pressure on urban land, and consequently on urban land development policies. Under the continuous pressure of urbanization and urban growth, land policies have displayed several weaknesses. As a result urban growth has not been directed in a manner consistant with development goals, as been able to respond to social and cultural needs. The aim of this dissertation is to explain existing land policies, identify the problems of urban land development, the weaknesses of land policies and attempt to find appropriate solutions. This thesis comprises ten chapters. The introductory chapter presents the thesis. The second chapter looks into the phenomenon of urbanization and its impact on urban land. The third chapter defines land policies whilst the fourth discusses and presents the cultural and environmental criteria by which land development and land policies will be evaluated. Chapter five and six examining physical planning policies in Saudi Arabia. Chapter seven evaluate land development and deffine existing urban land problems,it contains three case studies for the purpose of evaluation. Evaluation of land policies against the generated problems of land development are discussed in chapter eight. The ninth chapter presents the thesis recommendations and the final chapter concludes the work and presents some final remarks. In brief, the study concludes that existing land policies are Inadequate to meet the pressure of market forces and to facilitate land improvement. Nevertheless, existing policies have failed to produce an urban pattern compatable with cultural and environmental conditions. These weaknesses include: The failure to provide land for development and urbanisation; The inadequacy of land use controls; Deficient administrative system for development control. In order to overcome the above existing policies weaknesses, the thesis recommended several changes: - To the administration system at the local and regional levels; - To legal and administrative procedure of development controls; and - To the system for providing land for development and urbanization.
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Taghipour, Anoshirvan. "Essays on financial policies, financial development and economic growth." Thesis, University of Essex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495772.
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Hassan, S. M. A. "Food security and regional development policies in arid Sudan." Thesis, Swansea University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637243.
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Food is a need for all communities. Food security and development planning is a current issue of investigation in the Third World, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, due to recent famines. In these countries, development planning has been criticized on the grounds of its alienation from the local environments and its failure to achieve food security for the growing population. This thesis investigates the food problem in arid Sudan and examines the situation in the White Nile region as a suitable case study. The investigation of this problem was on indicators, such as food production, food marketing, food consumption, and environmental change to verify the hypothesis that there is a food problem in arid Sudan, similar to that in arid Sub-Saharan Africa, and demonstrates the inappropriate development planning in the Sudan. Investigation makes clear that the food problem is more evident in the rainland areas of the region and gives further evidence of the failure of Sudanese planning in its arid lands. Of the eleven chapters, chapter one is an overview of the food problem in the Sudan and Sub-Saharan Africa, and discusses research methodology. Chapter two reviews Sudanese planning and the research hypotheses, whilst chapter three applies development theory to the Sudanese situation. Chapter four examines the Afro-Asian experience in food production and concludes with lessons for the Sudan to ponder in the White Nile region. Chapter five investigates the development process of the White Nile region and related problems, particularly of food supply. Chapters six to ten are respectively devoted to an investigation of food production, marketing, and consumption in relation to the environment and survival strategies. Chapter eleven includes the main research findings and suggests a solution of the food problem in arid Sudan.
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Tsiganou, Joanna G. "The development of policies regulating drug use in Greece." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269696.
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Shaw, John R. "Animal lobbies in the U.S.A. : development, policies and politics." Thesis, Keele University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334269.
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Abreu, Alexandre José Germano de. "International migration and sending country development : impacts and policies." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3651.
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Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Cooperação InternacionalThe various multifaceted relationships between international migration and sending country development have given rise to an entire subfield in the intersection of the migration and development literatures that has come to be known as the 'migration-development nexus'. In particular, as acknowledged by many leading authors in this field, the central issue of whether emigration ultimately fosters or hinders development is one that remains largely unsettled. Regardless of any such general conclusions, however, many sending country governments have in the past few decades implemented a variety of policies aimed at tapping into the potential of emigration and of their emigrated communities in order to facilitate their domestic development processes. This dissertation thus focuses on the linkages between international migration and the economic development of the sending —countries as well as on the policy implications of these linkages and does this in three steps: first, a deductive analytical discussion is made of the impacts of emigration upon sending country development, as proxied by its impacts upon the stocks of the various production factors (particularly labour and various forms of capital). In order to do this, the 'migration-development matrix' is introduced - an analytical tool aimed at classifying the various linkages between migration and development according to the logical moment in the migration process in which they occur as well as to the production factor undergoing changes. Second, an attempt is made to formalise the conclusions and insights from the preceding discussion in order to present a general, albeit preliminary, 'migration-development model'. Finally, a survey is presented of some of the most common and/or noteworthy policies that have sought to maximise the benefits and minimise the costs associated with the migration-development nexus. The overall aim is to bring the numerous insights from the migration-development literature under the light of a specifically macroeconomic perspective in order to contribute to a better understanding of one of the most crucial and controversial aspects of globalisation.
As ligações diversas e multifacetadas entre as migrações internacionais e o desenvolvimento dos países emissores deram origem a todo um subcampo da literatura, na intersecção das áreas das migrações e do desenvolvimento, designado por 'nexo migrações-desenvolvimento'. Em particular, a questão central da avaliação do impacto geral positivo ou negativo da emigração sobre os processos de desenvolvimento continua a suscitar abundante controvérsia. Porém, à margem de tais conclusões gerais, numerosos governos de países emissores têm vindo ao longo das últimas décadas a implementar toda uma série de políticas com o objectivo de mobilizar o potencial da emigração e das comunidades emigradas no sentido de contribuírem para os processos internos de desenvolvimento. Assim, esta dissertação examina as relações entre as migrações internacionais e o desenvolvimento ecanómico dos -países emissores, bem como as implicações políticas dessas relações, em três momentos: em primeiro lugar, leva-se a cabo uma análise de tipo dedutivo, com base numa revisão crítica da literatura, dos impactes da emigração sobre o desenvolvimento dos países emissores tal como indiciado pelos seus impactes sobre os stocks dos diversos factores de produção (em particular, trabalho e várias formas de capital). Com vista a alcançar este objectivo, é primeiramente sugerido o recurso à 'matriz migrações-desenvolvimento' - uma ferramenta analítica que é apresentada com o objectivo de auxiliar a classificação dos diversos efeitos da emigração sobre a capacidade produtiva, de acordo com o momento lógico do processo migratório em que ocorrem e com o factor produtivo afectado. Em segundo lugar, procede-se a uma tentativa de formalização das conclusões procedentes da discussão realizada nos capítulos anteriores com vista à apresentação de um versão preliminar de um modelo geral 'migrações-desenvolvimento'. Finalmente, apresenta-se uma recensão de algumas das políticas mais comuns e/ou interessantes que têm vindo a ser adoptadas com o objectivo de maximizar os benefícios e minimizar os custos associados ao nexo migrações-desenvolvimento. O objectivo último deste trabalho consiste, assim, em reexaminar os contributos da literatura 'migrações-desenvolvimento' a partir de uma perspectiva especificamente macroeconómica, de modo a contribuir para uma melhor compreensão de um dos mais cruciais e controversos aspectos da globalização.
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Dolkemeyer, Gesa. "South Korea’s Development Cooperation Policies – A Role Theoretical Approach." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23557.
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This thesis explores South Korea’s role within international development cooperation through a role theoretical analysis of the country’s development cooperation policies. The purpose of this paper is to shed a light on the possibilities and benefits of applying role theory within the field of international development cooperation, while focusing on South Korea, as a case of an emerging and quickly advancing donor. In order to reveal national role conceptions, as well as the alter’s role prescriptions, the paper puts forward a qualitative content analysis, looking at documents issued by South Korea and the OECD that concern its development cooperation policies. Hereby, it becomes evident that South Korea’s role is highly influenced by its own development experience and recent transformation from recipient into donor state. The experience the country has gained builds the foundation for its own perception as a donor, as well as for the expectations of other OECD Member countries and is, thus, translated into South Korea’s development cooperation policies.
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Hemstock, Hsiaofen. "Economic development strategies and policies in post-war Taiwan /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487683049374695.
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Nishida, Keigo. "Growth, Development, and Public Policies in Credit-Constrained Economies." Kyoto University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/174860.
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Diguilio-Matz, Michelle R. "Economic development policies for downtown development approaches for success in the new economy /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1085622330.
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Lewis, Sarah Danse. "An assessment of Smart Growth policies in Austin, Texas /." View online, 2007. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/267/.
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Monkge, Collie Bathusi. "Education, skill formation and economic development : the case for Botswana." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369998.
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Jones, Timothy Llewellyn. "The development of British counterinsurgency policies and doctrine, 1945-52." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1991. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-development-of-british-counterinsurgency-policies-and-doctrine-194552(9370efda-5d2b-420a-b159-e3e237e283c0).html.
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Cots, Francesc. "Mainstreaming sustainable development in eu climate, biodiversity and cohesion policies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457430.
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Los problemas ambientales y de sostenibilidad son cada vez más globalizados en términos de intensidad, interconectividad, variedad y alcance de sus impactos, así como las fuerzas socioeconómicas que los generan. El cambio climático, la escasez de agua, la contaminación, la pérdida de biodiversidad o el cambio en el uso de la tierra son problemas ambientales que no necesariamente encajan con la soberanía nacional, las jurisdicciones administrativas o las fronteras territoriales. Para afrontar estos desafíos, han surgido nuevos ámbitos políticos y circunscripciones que ya no corresponden a las divisiones que una vez fueron útiles para los objetivos particulares de los antiguos Estados-nación, sino que ahora se crean con otros nuevos objetivos de cooperación (incluyendo el medio ambiente y la sostenibilidad) que trascienden las fronteras internacionales. Las regiones transfronterizas o transfronterizas, comúnmente conocidas en el contexto europeo como Euroregiones o Euregios, han sido creadas a través de las fronteras estatales para disminuir el efecto limitador de las fronteras nacionales que a menudo actúan como barreras para la cooperación en un intento de redefinir la territorialidad estatal inducida por la frontera. Estos diseños institucionales pueden proporcionar en este contexto el marco o las plataformas políticas e institucionales adecuadas para promover los vínculos necesarios entre las diferentes redes de actores y dominios políticos en un territorio fronterizo concreto. Esto se da es especialmente en aquellas Euroregiones que coinciden con los límites geográficos de los recursos naturales existentes. Esta tesis tiene la intención de explorar dos cuestiones generales entrelazadas. Por una parte, analizar en qué medida las iniciativas de la política de cooperación transfronteriza de la UE han sido y son capaces de establecer asociaciones de colaboración eficaces entre organismos públicos locales adyacentes sujetos a diferentes sistemas jurídicos nacionales en los ámbitos del clima, la biodiversidad y el desarrollo regional de una manera que contribuya a la sostenibilidad. Por otro lado, queremos explorar hasta qué punto las consideraciones de desarrollo sostenible han sido incorporadas en estos tres ámbitos de una manera coherente de tal forma que contribuyan a fortalecer las capacidades institucionales para hacer frente a los cambios ambientales y sociales a nivel regional transfronterizo. Para responder a estas preguntas hemos utilizado diferentes metodologías a partir del análisis teórico de los elementos institucionales de las Eurorregiones, pero también una investigación cuantitativa sobre 46 Programas Operativos financiados con fondos europeos; así como un análisis más detallado y cualitativo de 2 estudios de caso en la frontera españolo-portuguesa - eurorregiones EURO AAA y EURO ACE- mediante entrevistas en profundidad y técnicas de taller combinadas con la formulación e integración de diferentes escenarios climáticos y socioeconómicos y sus vías institucionales asociadas. Los resultados revelan que las Euroregiones pueden considerarse como espacios transnacionales políticos situados más allá de la lógica territorial de los Estados nacionales o de las organizaciones supranacionales, con una gran capacidad a priori para integrar consideraciones de sostenibilidad debido a su carácter organizativo flexible e innovador. Sin embargo, los resultados también revelan una serie de limitaciones de las eurorregiones analizadas relativas a su bajo nivel de autonomía institucional, la falta de cooperación entre entidades nacionales, regionales y locales; la excesiva dependencia de los fondos europeos; la asimetría en las relaciones de poder entre los respectivos entornos institucionales español y portugués; y por último, pero no menos importante, una notable ausencia de un enfoque estratégico de desarrollo sostenible para las regiones que claramente incorpora el principio de precaución y el enfoque ecosistémico como elementos clave, lo que se refleja en la incapacidad de incluir escenarios climáticos en esas estrategias. Como resultado, esta situación pone de manifiesto que estas eurorregiones todavía tienen mucho camino por recorrer en términos de movilización política, construcción de la gobernanza y unificación estratégica en el sentido de integrar las consideraciones de sostenibilidad de manera global, sistemática y transformadora.Environmental and sustainability related problems are increasingly becoming globalized in terms of their intensity, interconnectivity, variety and scope of their impacts as well as the ultimate socioeconomic forces that generate them. Climate change, water scarcity, pollution, loss of biodiversity, or land use change all of these are environmental problems that do not necessarily fit with national sovereignty, administrative jurisdictions or territorial boundaries. To address such challenges, new political arenas and constituencies have appeared that no longer correspond to the divisions that once were useful to the particular goals of the old nation-states, but are now created upon other new cooperation goals (including environment and sustainability) that transcend international borders. Cross-border or transborder regions, commonly known in the European context as Euroregions or Euregios, have been created across state borders in order to decrease the limiting effect of nation-state borders which often act as as barriers for cooperation in an attempt to redefine fixed, border-induced state territoriality. These institutional arrangements may provide in this context the adequate political and institutional framework or platforms to promote the necessary linkages among different networks of actors and policy domains in a particular cross border territory. This is specially the case of those Euroregions that fall and match within the geographical limits of the existing natural resources. This thesis intends to explore two intertwined overarching questions. On the one hand, we intend to look to what extent EU cross-border cooperation policy initiatives have been and are able to establish effective collaborative partnerships between adjacent local public bodies subject to different national legal systems in the domains of climate, biodiversity and regional development in ways that contribute to sustainability And on the other, we want to explore to what extent sustainable development concerns have been mainstreamed in these three domains in a coherent manner in a way that do actually contribute to strengthening the agent and institutional capacities to deal with societal and environmental changes at cross-border regional level. In order to respond to these questions, we have used different methodologies starting with the theoretical analysis of the institutional elements of Euroregions, but also a quantitative research on 46 European funded Operational Programmes; and a more in depth and qualitative analysis of 2 case studies in the Spanish Portuguese border - Euroregions EURO AAA and EURO ACE- using in depth interviews and workshop techniques combined with the formulation and integration of different climatic and socioeconomic scenarios and their associated institutional pathways. The results reveal the potential that Euroregions have to support sustainable development both from an operational and normative perspective. In particular these new institutional arrangements can be viewed as political transnational spaces situated beyond the territorial logic of either the nation states or the supranational organizations, with a great capacity a priori to integrate sustainability considerations due to their flexible and innovative organisational nature. However, Euroregions are now too dependent on external resources, so their leadership capacity and exchange of cognitive resources with other stakeholders to manage sustainability related common public concerns are still rather constrained. These limitations are related to their low level of institutional autonomy, the lack of cooperation among national, regional and local entities; the excessive dependence on European funds; the asymmetry in power relations within the respective Spanish and Portuguese institutional settings; and last but not least, because a notable absence of a strategic sustainable development approach for the regions that clearly incorporates the precautionary principle and the ecosystem approach as key elements, which is reflected by the failure to include climate change scenarios into those strategies. As a result, this situation evidences that such Euroregions have yet a far way to go in terms of political mobilization, governance building and strategic unification in the sense of integrating sustainability considerations in a comprehensive, systematic and transformative manner.
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Americanos, Marios. "Development of policies and procedures in a higher education institution." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2008. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/6529/.
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The purpose of the research project was to investigate which faculty policies and procedures of a higher education institution based in Cyprus needed improving/revising, which ones needed to be made redundant, and for which faculty issues the institution lacked policies and procedures. The aim of the research was to formulate model faculty policies and procedures that would achieve the institution's strategic objectives. This was done by a thorough review of the relevant literature, by interviewing the institution's staff (mainly faculty) members and by conducting focus groups in which faculty members of the institution participated. The research was conducted by employing an action research approach. The initial findings confirmed that a number of the institution's original policies and procedures needed in-depth revisions (e.g. were out of date and needed to be written more clearly and concisely) and suggested the kind of revisions that needed to be made. In addition, they pointed out that the institution lacked policies and procedures on many faculty issues and identified these issues. Finally, they stressed the need to have online policies and procedures. The analysis of the data and findings of the literature review, interviews and focus groups led to the development of model faculty policies and procedures on a number of issues. These policies and procedures are the outcome of this research project. Following the development of the policies and procedures, their content and structure was found to be satisfactory and acceptable. In addition, it was found that they created a framework based on which, staff members of the institution could take informed actions and decisions. They fostered stability, continuity, uniformity, consistency, simplicity and accountability. They were better organised, clear and more user-friendly. The research project concluded that the policies and procedures developed achieved the institution's strategic objectives and informed the institution's faculty members on the issues for which the policies and procedures were developed. The model policies and procedures helped the institution to operate more efficiently and productively. In addition, they had a positive impact on faculty members' work-related behaviour (greater motivation, lower employee turnover, greater employee commitment, more research accomplishments. greater accountability and development). Additionally, the online policies and procedures proved extremely beneficial due to their timely updating, their ease of access, reduction of printing costs and their ability to respond to the institutions changing needs immediately. The policies and procedures developed led to their increased usage since they could be more easily understood and be accessed easily online. Moreover, they led to the professional development of the staff members and the researcher. Finally, this research report emphasises the importance of developing policies and procedures and provides a number of recommendations to the institution, higher education institutions, other organisations and the Cyprus Council for Educational Evaluation-Accreditation for utilising this report and for further research and development in this area.
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Nemes, Gusztav. "Constructing rural development : models, institutions, policies and the eastern enlargement." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/244.
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Carrasco, Luis Eduardo. "Scale and Strategy in Environmental Assessment of Regional Development Policies." NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08182008-212000/.
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Since the 1970s multiple research efforts around the world have focused on identifying potential environmental, economic, and social impacts of development. It is well understood that local project assessment approaches fail to identify, or worse quantify, indirect or cumulative effects, when they do not provide an appropriate baseline framework to understand the local and the regional environment as a connected entity. A conceptual approach based on several environmental assessment and spatial analysis tools suggests that we need to consider multi-scale methods that can help describe the different processes that occur within a region. This would help project managers and researchers to better evaluate ongoing regional policies by retrieving a wide characterization of the application and impacts of policies within the whole geographical spectrum. Within each policy assessment, these methods could evolve into a framework for environmental management practices at both local and regional scales that could be updated with new information through time. We analyze two regional policy case studies: poverty targeting in Sri Lanka, and payments for ecosystem services in Costa Rica.
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Chao, Yi-Lang. "The emergence and development of labour market policies in Taiwan." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.573393.
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Abstract Since the late 1990s, internal changes and external challenges have disrupted the balance between labour demand and labour supply and led to the growth of unemployment in Taiwan. Thus, the unemployment rate increased 174% and the long-term unemployment rate increased almost 663% during the period from 1991 to 2008. Unemployment has occurred among not only unskilled workers or disadvantaged minorities, but also among some parts of the middle class or skilled workers with middle or above educational attainment. In order to combat unemployment, policy change occurred in the late 1990s. The target groups were middle-aged populations, women, youths, aborigines, disabled people, and insiders on unpaid leave. The main emphases in Taiwanese activation schemes included incentive reinforcement, employment assistance, job creation, and human capital investment. This study focuses on the process of developing and formulating activation policies and seeks to understand why and how activation policies emerged in Taiwan. The methods here consist of: (1) documentary analysis of media sources, research reports, official publications, and legislative proceedings focusing upon issues related to unemployment, and (2) semi-structured interviews with 45 key informants in the in the policy process. This thesis concludes that the economic and social context, institutional constraints, bureaucratic practices, and dominant ideologies in the Taiwanese welfare regime played a decisive role in the process of shaping labour market policies. In addition, the findings reflects the reorientation of policy in Taiwan towards welfare reform, including an increasing role for the state in welfare provision, increased attention to social and community needs, the promotion of corporate social responsibility, and an increased emphasis upon the avoidance of 'welfare dependency', the maintenance of traditional family norms, and investments in human and social capital.
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Rimando, Ryan A. "Development and analysis of security policies in security enhanced Android." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27896.
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This thesis examines Security Enhanced Android. Both its policy and its additional security features are explored. The policy is examined in depth, providing a better understanding of the security provided by SE Android. We analyze the default SE Android policy. We identify a potential weakness and change the policy to facilitate control over communication channels. A proof-of-concept set of applications is developed to demonstrate how SE Android can be used to improve application security. The proof-of-concept policy is then analyzed to determine if security goals are met.
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Srirangan, K. "Land policies in Delhi : their contribution to unauthorised land development." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317649/.
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Government intervention in land markets through public land policies increasingly sought for a more balanced development, better income and wealth distribution, and to satisfy the basic human needs such as housing and essential services in developing countries. Delhi's large-scale land acquisition, development and disposal policy has aimed at orderly growth of planned development, and universal access to housing land through public expropriation, banking, development and delivery. But the policy has been widely criticised for failing to promote planned development and consequently creating large-scale illegal land developments and sales. The present research investigates the impact of Delhi's public land policy on the creation of informal land developments and unauthorised housing in Delhi. The analysis of data gathered from office records and exhaustive structured interviews yield substantial evidence that the large-scale land policy governing the public authority's delivery of land for housing, has indeed been a major contributor to the creation of unauthorised land development and sales. Through interviews with 300 households living on illegally developed land, 106 living on illegally resold (legally developed land), 28 who had illegally resold their plots, and 69 property agents, this study found that the large-scale public land policy has not provided adequate land for housing. The policy's inability to deliver timely and adequate quantities of affordable land in varying parcel sizes, and with flexible lease conditions, was a prime factor in encouraging a large number of households to opt for illegally developed or sold land. The responses of households indicate a substantial number sought illegally to obtain housing land, because the large-scale public land policy failed to offer them legal alternatives that were affordable, adequate in quantity, in the desired time and flexible in their lease conditions. The opportunities to obtain varying sizes of unauthorised plots, at cheaper prices, in the desired time, with flexible payments, and acceptable terms of construction and use have attracted a large number of middle and high income households. Equally, the policy of regularisation of some unauthorised developments has also encouraged investment in additional illegal development. This research also found that the public land policy's failure to deliver the right land to the right person at reasonable prices prompted unauthorised resales of legally developed plots, in effect, downward filtration of high income groups. The higher resale prices that these subsidised plots obtained, and the ability of some households to obtain an allocation of more than one plot encouraged a large number of households to illegally resell plots.
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Pitcher, Keith Francis. "Development of biomass renewable energy policies, schemes, systems and procedures." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364895.
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Eleftherios, Tsoulouvis. "Perceptions of urban development and planning policies in Thessaloniki (Greece)." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265883.
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Rust-Ryan, Alan. "A comparative analysis of housing action trust community development policies." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442496.
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Apey, Alfredo. "Agricultural restructuring and coordinated policies for rural development in Chile." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1995. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6202/.
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Despite a successful process of economic growth in Chile principally engineered by a dramatic rise and diversification of primary exports since the late 1970s, rural poverty is still a widespread condition throughout the country; nearly 40 per cent of the rural population are affected by this condition. From a geographical perspective, rural poverty in Chile is a complex result of different intervening factors. The adoption of outward-oriented strategies of development since the mid-1970s has initiated some new trends that have adversely affected a significant segment of the rural population. Thus, one of the results of the socio-productive change, which can be observed in the Chilean countryside, is a growing number of landless peasants and an aggressive market for agricultural land. New lands have been required for the expansion of export-led primary resources, notably agricultural and forestry. In parallel, the developing of a seasonal structure of labour demand has become an additional constraint affecting the rural labour force and the quality of life in rural areas. Within the institutional framework of the government rural problems have been largely perceived as a responsibility of the Ministry of Agriculture. However, usually the main difficulties affecting rural population are not only related to productive concerns but they are also associated with a wider number of inter-sectoral constraints (e.g. availability and access to housing, social services and infrastructure, to grass root organisations, to culture and recreation among others). So, any attempt oriented to increase rural development transcends unisectoral policies. This study has three main general aims. First, it attempts to explore the background to rural poverty in Chile in a national and international context. Secondly it examines the regional evolution of agriculture in a highly-competitive framework. In this context, a comparison is made of a region that has been transformed by export-led agriculture with a region whose products have not been competitive internationally and, indeed, have found it difficult to remain competitive in the national market. Thirdly, it pretends to present and evaluate an intersectoral attempt by the democratic government of President Patricio Aylwin to alleviate rural poverty through better organisation and coordination of ministerial responsibilities dedicated to rural areas. The vehicle for improving horizontal coordination was the Interministerial Commission for Rural Development-CIDER. The regional focus was the VII Region (Maule), a region that had not benefited from export-led agriculture.
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Fyke, Aaron D. (Aaron Dunsmore) 1972. "Organizational policies which promote innovation in the product development process." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84321.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-98).
by Aaron D. Fyke.
S.M.
M.B.A.
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Van, Der Geest Wilhelmus Jacobus Antonius. "Distribution-improving development policies for Bangladesh : applying the equilibrium framework." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627191.
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Hess, Michael. "Doorways to Development: Foreign Direct Investment Policies in Developing Countries." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2008. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/680.
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Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a key option for economic growth in most, if not all, developing countries. However, not all developing countries are equally open to foreign investment. Some restrict foreign equity, while others encourage multinational corporations to enter their markets. Because FDI involves outsiders entering national markets and profits, it is very political. FDI can bring economic benefits, such as jobs and new technology, but it may also entail economic costs, such as increased competition for national businesses. FDI may also bring political costs, as governments that open to foreign equity may see a popular backlash. Most governments have policies to control FDI's entry into their markets. These policies have been inadequately explored in quantitative studies of FDI because of a lack of available data. This study seeks to rectify that problem by introducing a new set of data: The Foreign Equity Index. I develop a theory and model of FDI in developing countries framed by the logic of two-level games. FDI requires agreement between developing states and international firms, and therefore agreements are reached with influence from domestic-level political and economic factors, as well as international-level factors. FDI policies are an indication of developing countries win-sets, or range of agreements they are willing to accept when dealing with foreign multinational corporations. I test this theory quantitatively using the Foreign Equity Index, which covers 55 developing countries from 1976-2004. I first estimate the international and domestic factors that influence the degree of openness to FDI indicated by FDI equity policies in developing countries. I then test the effect these policies have on FDI inflows. I find that both domestic and international factors affect developing countries’ FDI policies, and in turn, policies are a significant factor determining the flow of FDI into national markets. I also explore the ways in which FDI policies have played a role in economic development strategies of El Salvador and Nicaragua. This research and the Foreign Equity Index should aid in a better understanding of foreign direct investment and growth in developing countries in general.
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Abou, Khalil Zeinab. "Understanding the impact of release policies on software development processes." Thesis, Lille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUI011.
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Avec la livraison rapide de nouvelles fonctionnalités, de nombreux projets logiciels ont modifié leurs processus de développement pour aller vers des modèles où les versions sont publiées selon des cycles courts de quelques semaines ou quelques jours. L’adoption de politiques de publication rapide des logiciels a considérablement réduit le temps de stabilisation, c’est-à-dire le temps nécessaire pour que le taux d’échec d’un produit logiciel atteigne un état stable pour l’ensemble des nouvelles fonctionnalités. Cette mise en place de livraisons rapides a obligé les organisations et les entreprises à modifier leur processus de développement et leurs outils pour publier les nouvelles versions, ceci en un temps réduit tout en garantissant la qualité. Ces nouveaux processus de développement sont censés offrir un délai réduit de mise sur le marché, un retour d'information rapide de la part des utilisateurs. Ils doivent également améliorer le temps de traitement de correction des bugs. Les utilisateurs finaux bénéficient alors d’un accès rapide aux améliorations des fonctionnalités avec des mises à jour fiables. Malgré ces avantages, des recherches antérieures ont montré que les versions rapides se font souvent au détriment de la fiabilité logicielle. Cependant, avec l'adoption croissante des versions rapides des logiciels open source et commerciaux, les effets de cette pratique sur le processus de développement logiciel ne sont pas bien compris.L'objectif de cette thèse est de fournir une compréhension approfondie de l'impact de la livraison rapide de versions dans les différentes phases du processus de développement de logiciels open source. Cette thèse présente une étude de cas empirique de la livraison rapide de versions dans les projets Eclipse et Mozilla Firefox. Nous présentons les résultats d’expériences sur l'impact à court et à long terme de la livraison rapide de versions sur le processus de gestion et de test des bugs dans les organisations open source, ainsi que le plan et les outils nécessaires pour une adoption réussie des livraisons rapides de versions. Nous suivons une approche avec des méthodes mixtes où nous analysons les référentiels de logiciels, contenant différents types de données tels que le code source, les données de test et les rapports de bugs. Nous avons également mené une enquête auprès des développeurs Eclipse. Nos travaux aident à comprendre l'évolution et les changements du processus de développement logiciel ainsi que les plans et les pratiques nécessaires pour une adoption réussie de la livraison rapide de versions et identifient plusieurs perspectives de rechercheThe advent of delivering new features faster has led many software projects to change their development processes towards more rapid release models where releases are shipped using release cycles of weeks or days. The adoption of rapid release practices has significantly reduced the amount of stabilization time, the time it takes for a software product’s failure rate to reach close to the steady-state, available for new features. This forces organizations to change their development process and tools to release to the public, in a timely manner and with good quality. Rapid releases are claimed to offer a reduced time-to-market and faster user feedback; end-users bene- fit of faster access to functionality improvements and security updates and improve turnaround time for fixing bad bugs. Despite these benefits, previous research has shown that rapid releases often come at the expense of reduced software reliability. Despite the increasing adoption of rapid releases in open-source and commercial soft- ware, the effects of this practice on the software development process are not well understood.The goal of this thesis is to provide a deeper understanding of how rapid releases impact different parts of the open-source software development process. We present empirical evidence about the short and long-term impact of rapid releases on the bug handling and testing process in open source organizations; and the plan and tools that are needed for successful adoption of rapid releases. This thesis presents an empirical case study of rapid releases in Eclipse and Mozilla Firefox projects. We follow a mixed-methods approach where we analyze software repositories, containing different types of data such as source code, testing data and software issues; and we conduct a survey with Eclipse developers. This help in understanding the evolution and changes of the software development process, the plans and practices that are needed for successful adoption of rapid releases and we identify several future research directions calling for further investigation
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Dyadus, Daria Andreevna, and Дар’я Андріївна Дядюсь. "Feminism impact on gender policies development example of EU countries." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/51617.
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1. Gajdenko V. Empіrichnij pіdhіd femіnіstichnoї epіstemologії / V. Gajdenko
/ / Іnshij poglyad. Mіzhnarodnij al’manah gendernih doslіdzhen’. Traven’ 2000. Mіns’k, 2000. - S. 11-12
2. Branch SH. Femіnіzm v 80-і roki: Misliti global’no dіyati lokal’no / SH. Branch / / Femіnіzm і gendernі doslіdzhennya. Hrestomatіya / Za zag. red. V.І. Uspens’koї. - Tver, - 1999. - S. 133-142.
3. V. Bogdanor – Oxford : Blackwell, 1987.
4. Pavlichko S. Femіnіzm / Solomіya Pavlichko. – K .: Osnovi, 2002. – 322One of the necessary signs of a society’s ability to renew, modernize and transition from a traditional to a modern way of life is the emergence of various forms of women’s political activity. This is reflected in the emergence of public associations, whose cumulative expression is feminism. Liberty has an outstanding value and a fundamental essential characteristic of human beings. Nevertheless, women’s rights are not fully realized in any state nowadays. General feminism is the ideology of women’s liberation, because it is the belief, which is essential in all feminist movements, that women suffer injustice in connection with their own article. Framed formulation within this broad of feminism are various approaches to elucidating the causes and factors of women’s oppression.
Однією з необхідних ознак здатності суспільства відновлювати, модернізувати та переходити від традиційного до сучасного способу життя є поява різних форм політичної діяльності жінок. Це знайшло своє відображення у виникненні громадських об’єднань, сукупним виразом яких є фемінізм. Свобода має надзвичайну цінність і основну суттєву характеристику людини. Тим не менше, права жінок на сьогодні не реалізовані в повній мірі в жодній державі. Загальний фемінізм - це ідеологія визволення жінок, оскільки саме переконання, яке є важливим у всіх феміністичних рухах, полягає в тому, що жінки зазнають несправедливості у зв’язку з власною статтею. Сформульовані в рамках цього фемінізму формулювання - це різні підходи до з’ясування причин та факторів утисків жінок.
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Lawton, William Andrew. "Contrary agendas : political culture and economic development policies in Newfoundland." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19919.
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The analytical focus of this thesis is the economic development policies of Newfoundland governments. Specifically, the thesis builds upon the disciplines of political economy and sociology in an analysis of policy responses to underdevelopment and dependency. The "contrary agendas" of the title refer to internal contradictions within policy approaches. This thesis attempts to characterise these contradictions, which reflect competing and contradictory ideas as to which development trajectory is most appropriate to Newfoundland society. A comprehensive overview and analysis of the manner in which the themes of underdevelopment and dependency have been approached in Canadian scholarship is provided. Environmentalism, another tradition that is significant to developmental issues, is incorporated into the theoretical framework. Newfoundland and federal policy approaches to economic development are reviewed and analysed. Reference is made to developments in Newfoundland politics in the early twentieth century, but emphasis is on more recent shifts in the agendas for economic development. The two periods of 1971-72 and 1986-90 receive particular attention. Although the importance of structural impediments to successful development strategies is acknowledged, this thesis reaffirms the relevance of political choices and policy making to Newfoundland's recent past, current situation, and future prospects.
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Freitas, Flavio L. M. "Brazilian land use policies and the development of ecosystem services." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206844.
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Concerns related to global environmental changes due to land use changes have been driving international communities towards more sustainable land use systems. Brazil is a country of global strategic importance in this matter considering that it is the nation with the largest extension of preserved tropical native vegetation, recognised for its ecosystem services and high and unique biodiversity. Expansion of forestry and agriculture is taking place rapidly in Brazil, partly over degraded pastureland, but also over native vegetation. Regulating policies to govern and limit this expansion is crucial to ensure the preservation of the ecosystems services provided by native vegetation. This thesis aims at improving the understanding of the potential impacts of prevailing public and private policies in the conservation of nature in Brazil. For this end, the Land Use Policy Assessment (LUPA) model was employed to evaluate potential pathways of implementation of the land use policies. Paper 1 evaluated the effects of current private and public command and control regulations in the protection of above-ground carbon stocks, identifying the most relevant stakeholders holding carbon stocks. The findings suggest that about 10% of carbon stocks are unprotected, where other policy instruments based on the market will be mostly required. Paper 2 performed an assessment of the mechanism for offsetting the legal deficit of native vegetation among landholders, evaluating the different offsetting implementation practices and their impacts on nature protection and socio-economic development. The results indicate that the offsetting mechanism may have little or no additional effects on protection of native vegetation and its ecosystem services because most of the offsetting is likely to take place where native vegetation is already protected by current legislations. However, it is viable to maximise environmental and socio-economic returns from the offsetting mechanism.QC 20170510
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Lundergan, Ryan W. "Parking regulation strategies and policies to support transit-oriented development." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/365/.
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Kullaj, Endrit <1976>. "Organic farming policies for a sustainable development of rural Albania." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/432/1/Kullaj-Thesis-XIX_Cycle-Int_Coop-04-07.pdf.
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Kullaj, Endrit <1976>. "Organic farming policies for a sustainable development of rural Albania." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/432/.
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Islam, Muhammed. "The Impact of Growth Management Policies on Urban Form: Evidence from U.S. Metropolitan Areas with Growth Management Policies." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2008. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/874.
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The contemporary urban development pattern in the United States is characterized by land consumptive nature of development, such as a sprawled development pattern. Out of concern that the social and environmental costs of this development pattern outweigh their benefits, cities, counties and states have created a wide range of policy instruments designed to manage urban growth and to protect open spaces from development. The present research deals with such strategies in three study areas namely Portland Metropolitan Area, OR; Montgomery County, MD; and Orange County, FL in order to find out if growth management strategies have been able to reduce sprawl and promote a compact form of development. Based mainly on secondary sources of information, the research evaluates the characteristics, effectiveness, strengths and weaknesses of selected growth management strategies employed in each of these areas and analyses their implications for promoting a compact form of development.
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Shililifa, Wycliff. "An Exploratory Study on the Career Stages and the Career Development Needs of the Namibian Police." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3408_1283516272.
Full textAbstract:
This exploratory study seeks to critically explore human resources development with regard to the career needs and stages of the Namibian Police (NAMPOL). Documents were perused on the issue of the current human resources development and its relevancy to the training and development within the Namibian Police. Questionnaires were completed by a representative sample of NAMPOL officials from different departments of the police. Interviews were also conducted with selected officials on training and development of personnel. Recommendations are given as a model for improving the Namibian Police human resources development system as an effective training and capacity building system for members of the police force to perform their tasks effectively.