Relevant bibliographies by topics / Developmental orthopedic disease

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Developmental orthopedic disease'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Developmental orthopedic disease"

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Jackson, Stephen G., and Joe D. Pagan. "Developmental Orthopedic Disease." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 13, no. 1 (January 1993): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0737-0806(07)80006-2.

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Demko, Jennifer, and Ron McLaughlin. "Developmental Orthopedic Disease." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 35, no. 5 (September 2005): 1111–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2005.05.002.

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Gabel, Albert. "Metabolic bone disease to developmental orthopedic disease." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25, no. 3 (March 2005): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2005.02.002.

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LaFond, Elizabeth, Gert J. Breur, and Connie C. Austin. "Breed Susceptibility for Developmental Orthopedic Diseases in Dogs." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 38, no. 5 (September 1, 2002): 467–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0380467.

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A large-scale epidemiological study was conducted to determine breeds at risk for 12 developmental orthopedic diseases (DODs). Developmental orthopedic diseases investigated included canine hip dysplasia (CHD); craniomandibular osteopathy (CMO); fragmented coronoid process; hypertrophic osteodystrophy; Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease; osteochondrosis of the medial humeral condyle, caudal humeral head, femoral condyles, and talar trochlear ridges; panosteitis; patella luxation; and ununited anconeal process. Dogs that were diagnosed with any one of the diseases of interest at any of 10 veterinary teaching hospitals participating in the Veterinary Medical Database from 1986 to 1995 were included as cases. Odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine risk. Frequency of diagnosis during the 10-year period ranged from 35 cases (CMO) to 10,637 cases (CHD). The number of breeds at increased risk for a disease ranged from one (CMO) to 35 (CHD). Breed susceptibility for a DOD may suggest a genetic component in the disease etiology. The results of this study serve to increase veterinarians’ awareness of breeds susceptible to DODs and may facilitate the control of such diseases by identifying breeds that might benefit from breeding programs or environmental intervention such as dietary modification.
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FASCETTI, ANDREA J. "Food for Thought on Canine Developmental Orthopedic Disease." Veterinary Surgery 35, no. 3 (April 2006): 211–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.2006.00138.x.

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Kronfeld, David S., Thomas N. Meacham, and Susan Donoghue. "Dietary Aspects of Developmental Orthopedic Disease in Young Horses." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 6, no. 2 (August 1990): 451–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30551-5.

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McIlwraith, C. Wayne. "Developmental orthopedic disease: problems of limbs in young horses." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 24, no. 11 (November 2004): 475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2004.10.004.

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Pagan, J. D., and S. G. Jackson. "The incidence of developmental orthopedic disease on a Kentucky Thoroughbred farm." Pferdeheilkunde Equine Medicine 12, no. 3 (1996): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21836/pem19960342.

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Takahashi, Yoko, Parikh Sumit, and Elia Pestana Knight. "CDKL5 Gene-Related Encephalopathy: Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, Developmental Prognosis, and Treatment." Journal of Pediatric Epilepsy 07, no. 01 (March 2018): 001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1641161.

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AbstractThe cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 gene (CDKL5) plays a crucial role in brain development. Diseases related to mutations in the CDKL5 gene are considered relatively new disorders. Patients with CDKL5-related disease usually present with early-onset refractory epilepsy and severe global developmental delay. Epilepsy is severe and poorly responsive to conventional medical treatment in most of these patients. Other neurological problems include movement disorder, autonomic symptoms, and sleep problems. In addition to neurological problems, patients may have orthopedic and gastrointestinal disease. Arrhythmia and other heart diseases are uncommon, though more information is needed. Management of patients affected with these diseases requires a multidisciplinary team. Seizures in CDKL5-related disease are very refractory, and treatment with antiseizure medications often fails. Some new drugs currently in clinical trials may show benefit. This article reviews the current status of CDKL5 research, highlighting the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, developmental prognosis, and treatment of CDKL5-related diseases, with the goal of increasing disease recognition.
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Okoński, Marek, Patrycja Misztal-Okońska, and Grzegorz Kandzierski. "Changes in the focus of clinical paediatric orthopaedics in the period 1980-2021 on the example of the Department of Children’s Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation in Lublin." Chirurgia Narządów Ruchu i Ortopedia Polska 86, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31139/chnriop.2020.86.2.4.

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For 40 years we have been observing clear changes in the interest of pediatric orthopedists. Some malformations and diseases have almost disappeared in pediatric orthopedic departments, such as developmental hip dislocation, multiple congenital clubfoot surgeries, torticollis, varus of the shin, Blounts disease,Volkmann syndrome, shin mower amputations and others described in this article. The reason for this phenomenon is usually the emergence of new diagnostic methods (e.g. hip joint ultrasound), new treatment methods (e.g. botulinum toxin) or new birth techniques or technical progress in agricultural machinery.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Developmental orthopedic disease"

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Gallio, Miguel. "PREVALÊNCIA DE ALTERAÇÕES ÓSSEAS NO TARSO DE POTROS CRIOULOS DE ATÉ VINTE E SEIS MESES DE IDADE." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10150.

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The Crioulo horse industry has increased exponentially in the last few years, this scenario, leads horse breeders to neglect individual aspects of the horse s development, interfering, mostly, in the nutritional management, as younger animals are participating in halter shows. These changes in horse management without considering individual aspects of growth, feeding and exercise level predispose these animals to the complex of diseases known as developmental orthopedic diseases. Radiographs were taken of both tarsi of 77 (31 fillies and 46 colts), of nine up to 26 months old Crioulo horses, competing or not in halter events. These young horses were divided in groups by age, with one including nine to 18 months old foals (G1) (34/77) and the other 19 to 26 months old ones (G2) (43/77). According to preparation or not for halter competition, horses were divided into GI (48/77) (average preparation time 4.55 months) and GC (control group, 29/77), respectively. Data were collected on 24 breeding farms or training centers, to determine the prevalence of osteoarticular changes. The results showed that 77.22% (61/77) presented some degree of radiographically visible lesions. The prevalence of lesions in males was 80.44%, 77.42% in females; 77.31% in the GC; 79.17% in the GI; 86.67% in G1 and 76.75% in G2. The mean body weight of the 10 to 12 month old yearlings (G1) was 293.25kg, representing 71.28% of the mature weight and that of the 19 to 26 month old ones (G2) was 360.5kg (87.71% of mature weight), the mean body weight of GC was 288.9kg (70.22% of the mature weight), and that of GI was 341.9kg (83.11% of the mature weight), even with the mean age of both groups being 16.79 and 18.98 months, respectively. A significant relationship was found between the animal s weight gain (p= 0.02; r= 0.26), body condition score (p= 0.03; r= 0.23), neck crest score (p= 0.018; r= 0.27) and wither s height (p= 0.01; r= 0.28) and the degree of the radiographic lesions found in the tarsi. Several factors can be involved in distal tarsal juvenile osteoarthritis; however the most important factor present in Crioulo breeding farms was the horse s overweight.
O comércio do cavalo Crioulo tem crescido de forma exponencial nos últimos anos, este cenário de valorização dos animais desta raça induz os proprietários e criadores a interferirem profundamente no manejo, principalmente nutricional, destes animais, decorrente da participação de potros e animais adultos em exposições e competições morfológicas. A interferência no manejo dos animais não levando em conta os aspectos individuais do desenvolvimento, sem controle exato da alimentação fornecida e do nível de exercício exigido predispõem os animais ao complexo de doenças conhecido como doenças ortopédicas do desenvolvimento. Foram examinados radiograficamente os tarsos de 77 animais (31 fêmeas e 46 machos), com nove até 26 meses de idade, participantes ou não de exposições ou competições morfológicas. Os animais foram divididos em grupos por idade, um incluindo potros de nove a 18 meses (G1) (34/77) e outro com animais de 19 a 26 meses (G2) (43/77), e pelo tempo de preparo para exposição morfológica em grupo controle (GC) (29/77) (sem preparo para exposição) e grupo incentivo (GI) (48/77), com preparo médio de 4,55 meses. Os dados foram coletados em 24 propriedades de criação ou centros de treinamento/preparo, para determinar a prevalência de alterações osteoarticulares. Observou-se que 77,22% (61/77) apresentaram alguma lesão radiograficamente visível. A prevalência de lesões articulares foi de 80,44% nos machos, 77,42% nas fêmeas, 77,31% nos animais do GC, 79,17% dos animais do GI, 86,67% nos animais do G1 e 76,75% nos animais do G2. O peso médio aos 10 a 12 meses de idade foi de 293,25kg, representando 71,28% do peso adulto e dos animais com idade de 19 a 26 meses o peso médio foi de 360,5kg (87,62% do peso adulto), nos animais do GC o peso médio foi de 288,9kg (70,22% do peso adulto) e os animais do GI apresentaram peso médio de 341,9kg (83,11% do peso adulto), mesmo a idade média dos dois últimos grupos tendo sido de 16,79 meses e 18,98 meses respectivamente. Foi constatada relação entre o aumento do peso dos animais (p= 0,02; r= 0,26), do escore corporal (p= 0,03; r= 0,23), do escore de deposição de gordura na crista do pescoço (p= 0,018; r= 0,27) e da altura (p= 0,01; r= 0,28) com as lesões radiográficas no tarso dos potros. Vários fatores podem estar envolvidos na osteoartrite társica distal, entretanto, o fator mais importante presente nas criações de cavalos Crioulos, é o sobrepeso.
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Books on the topic "Developmental orthopedic disease"

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AQHA Developmental Orthopedic Disease Symposium (1986 Dallas, Tex.). Proceedings: Panel on Developmental Orthopedic Disease. Amarillo, Tex: The Association, 1986.

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Muharrem, Yazici, Thompson George H, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. The Growing Spine: Management of Spinal Disorders in Young Children. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.

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Yazici, Muharrem. Non-idiopathic spine deformities in young children. Edited by European Paediatric Orthopaedic Society. Heidelberg: Springer, 2011.

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Kayoko, Okamoto, ed. Kindenzu kara mita hoko no hattatsu: Hoko bunseki, hyo ka e no o yo. Osaka-fu Ibaraki-shi: Hoko Kaihatsu Kenkyu jo, 2007.

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Wayne, McIlwraith C., American Quarter Horse Association, and AQHA Developmental Orthopedic Disease Symposium (1986 : Dallas-Fort Worth, Tex.), eds. Proceedings, panel on developmental orthopedic disease: Dallas-Fort Worth Mariott [sic], April 21-22, 1986. Amarillo, Tex: The Association, 1986.

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Genetics for Orthopedic Surgeons. Remedica Publishing, 2002.

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(Editor), David Scrutton, and John Banta (Editor), eds. Hip Disorders in Childhood (Clinics in Developmental Medicine (Mac Keith Press)). MacKeith Press, 2003.

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Arup, Sen, Thornhill Thomas, Johnson & Johnson, inc. Orthopedic Division., and University of California, Los Angeles., eds. Development and diseases of cartilage and bone matrix: Proceedings of a Johnson & Johnson Orthopedic Division-UCLA symposium held at Lake Tahoe, California, March 16-21, 1986. New York: Liss, 1987.

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Krpan, Melinda Kate. The development and evaluation of a modification of the transphyseal bridging technique as a means of influencing bone growth at the distal physis of the third metacarpal bone. 1986.

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Supply of Blood for Transfusion in Latin America and Caribbean Countries 2016-2017. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275121719.

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Blood transfusions are necessary to improve or save the lives of children with severe anemia, mothers in obstetric emergencies, patients with hemoglobinopathies, cancer patients, transplant patients, patients with chronic age-related diseases, such as bleeding caused by vascular problems and orthopedic surgeries, people injured in accidents, among other causes. Supply and access to safe blood for transfusions are closely related to the organization and degree of development of blood services, with the governance and participation of society through voluntary unpaid donation. Since 2004, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has been collecting and publishing indicators related to blood supply in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. In 2014, the countries of the Region of the Americas reaffirmed their commitment to universal health through the approval of the Action Plan for Universal Access to Safe Blood 2014-2019, approved by the 53rd Directing Council held in October 2014 (CD53.6), this plan promotes universal access to safe blood for transfusion in the region, through unpaid voluntary donations, the organization of blood services, the implementation of quality and safety standards and the implementation of governance actions. The data presented here allows monitoring and reporting on progress and limitations in the implementation of the Action Plan for Universal Access to Safe Blood. Furthermore, it is hoped that these data will promote the analysis and evaluation of the indicators at the national and subregional levels, and that strategies that improve blood safety and accessibility to transfusions will be strengthened or modified. The information was provided by the authorities of the countries and corresponds to the years 2016 and 2017.
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Book chapters on the topic "Developmental orthopedic disease"

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Vervuert, Ingrid, and Andrea D. Ellis. "Developmental orthopedic disease." In Equine Applied and Clinical Nutrition, 536–48. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7020-3422-0.00032-8.

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Pagan, Joe D. "The Role of Nutrition in Developmental Orthopedic Disease." In Diagnosis and Management of Lameness in the Horse, 625–31. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4160-6069-7.00055-9.

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PAGAN, J. "The Role of Nutrition in Developmental Orthopedic Disease: Nutritional Management." In Diagnosis and Management of Lameness in the Horse, 543–48. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7216-8342-3.50064-4.

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"Detailed Feeding Directions for Prevention of Nutrition-Related Developmental Orthopedic Disease." In Manual of Veterinary Dietetics, 193. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7216-0123-6.50014-4.

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Hinton, Veronica J. "The Dystrophinopathies." In Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities of Pediatric Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0056.

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The dystrophinopathies, including Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies, are X-linked, developmental neuromuscular disorders. The dystrophinopathies are so named because of their effect on the production of the protein dystrophin, and are known primarily as muscle diseases in males that present with progressive weakness that is eventually fatal. To date, there is no cure for the dystrophinopathies, and treatment focuses on slowing the disease progression. Medical management is complex and multifaceted. It includes care for neuromuscular, orthopedic, rehabilitative, nutritional, respiratory, cardiac, gastrointestinal, psychological, and palliative aspects of the disease. The devastating physical toll of the diseases is well known. In contrast, the associated cognitive and behavioral abnormalities are less familiar to most clinicians. Nonetheless, the cognitive and behavioral attributes of the dystrophinopathies impact on the affected individual’s and his family’s functioning in far-ranging ways. More importantly, identifying any associated cognitive and behavioral abnormalities early, and providing appropriate interventions, can contribute substantially to an affected individual’s quality of life. The dystrophinopathies are the most common neuromuscular diseases of childhood, affect all ethnic groups, and have an estimated overall prevalence of 63 per million (Emery 1991; Emery 1992). Positive diagnosis for the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD, the more severe form) is based on the following criteria: (a) male; (b) onset of weakness before age 5; (c) initial proximal muscle weakness; (d) muscle hypertrophy, most prominent in the calves; (e) elevated creatine kinase activity of at least 10 times above the upper limit of normal; and either (f) positive histopathological confirmation by muscle biopsy or (g) molecular characterization of a mutation within the gene for dystrophin. Approximately 1 in 3,500 live male births meet these criteria (Emery 1992). The diagnosis of Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD, the less severe form) is clinically determined by those children who remain walking at age 12. Individuals with BMD have a slower course and considerably longer lifespan than those with DMD. Natural history studies have been conducted to characterize the course of the disease. The Clinical Investigation of Duchenne Dystrophy group (CIDD) followed more than 200 individuals affected with DMD for more than 10 years (Brooke et al. 1983; Hyser et al. 1987; Mendell et al. 1987).
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Sandell, Linda J. "Development, Tissue Engineering, and Orthopedic Diseases." In Developmental Biology and Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering, 53–65. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-811467-4.00003-6.

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Rózycki, Marek, and Robert Tobias. "Suffering as a Diagnostic Indicator." In Pain Management [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94146.

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Pain is the subjective sensation closely related to disease and treatment. Very often its diagnosis is more an expression of the diagnostician’s experience than a description of the patient’s actual condition. In particular, orthopedic and neurological patients who develop Complex Regional Pain Syndrome are misdiagnosed because the intensity of their sensations is disbelieved. Based on case studies, it seems appropriate to introduce an additional category of patient experience that will enable prompt recognition and appropriate treatment. The misdiagnoses under evaluation also exhibit frequent improper practitioner responses to patients’ experience, ranging from open expressions of disbelief, through indifference, to helplessness and pessimism. This article presents case studies in which patients’ expressions of suffering were not used to modify the treatment. Rather, medical professionals accepted the pain as normal under the circumstances and resulting from tissue damage. However, in these cases, the pain was a symptom of a new disease entity, in development since the original diagnosis. With improved patient communication and treatment procedures, such oversights can be avoided and new disease entities will be more readily diagnosable.
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Becker, Richard C., and Frederick A. Spencer. "Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis." In Fibrinolytic and Antithrombotic Therapy. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195155648.003.0030.

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Venous thromboembolism represents a true worldwide medical problem that is encountered within all realms of practice. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurs in approximately 100 patients per 100,000 population yearly in the United States and increases exponentially with each decade of life (White, 2003). Approximately one-third of patients with symptomatic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) experience a pulmonary embolism (PE). Death occurs within 1 month in 6% of patients with DVT and 12% of those with PE. Early mortality is associated strongly with presentation as PE, advanced age, malignancy, and underlying cardiovascular disease. An experience dating back several decades has provided a better understanding of disease states and conditions associated with VTE (Anderson and Spencer, 2003). Given the potential morbidity and mortality associated with VTE, it is apparent that prophylaxis represents an important goal in clinical practice. A variety of anticoagulants including unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), and warfarin have been studied. More recently, two new agents have been developed that warrant discussion. Fondaparinux underwent a worldwide development program in orthopedic surgery for the prophylaxis of VTE. The program consisted mainly of four large, randomized, double-blind phase II studies comparing fondaparinux (SC), at a dose of 2.5 mg starting 6 hours postoperatively, with the two enoxaparin regimens approved for VTE prophylaxis—40 mg qd or 30 mg twice daily beginning 12 hours postoperatively. The results support a greater protective effect with fondaparinux, yielding a 55.2% relative risk reduction of VTE (Bauer et al., 2001; Eriksson et al., 2001; Lassen et al., 2002; Turpie et al., 2001, 2002; ). A European program of three large-scale clinical trials (MElagatran for THRombin inhibition in Orthopedic surgery [METHRO] I, II, and III, and EXpanded PRophylaxis Evaluation Surgery Study [EXPRESS]) (Eriksson et al., 2002a, b, 2003a, b) evaluated the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous melagatran followed by oral ximelagatran compared with LMWH for thromboprophylaxis following total hip replacement (THR) and total knee replacement (TKR) surgery.
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Thorne, John C., and Tracy Jirikowic. "Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders." In Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities of Pediatric Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0068.

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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) is an umbrella term used to refer to the range of negative outcomes associated with prenatal ethyl-alcohol exposure (PAE). Although the impact of maternal drinking on the pre and postnatal development of children was examined as early as the late 19th century (Sullivan 1899), the teratogenic effects of PAE were not widely recognized until 1973, when Jones and Smith discussed PAE. The fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) they described is now recognized internationally as a permanent birth defect syndrome resulting from PAE. Fetal alcohol syndrome is characterized by growth deficiency, a unique cluster of three minor facial anomalies, and evidence of central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities. At an estimated prevalence of one to three cases per 1,000 live births, FAS is the leading known preventable cause of developmental and intellectual disabilities (Bailey and Sokol 2008). Because the distinctive FAS facial phenotype provides a specific diagnostic marker of PAE (Astley 2006), FAS is the most readily recognized of the FASD. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders that lack the tell-tale facial phenotype of FAS are more difficult to diagnose, but share a similar range and severity of CNS impairments and social costs. Other FASDs are many times more prevalent than FAS (Bailey and Sokol 2008) and may occur in as many as 1% of all children. Along with CNS, craniofacial, and growth impairments, FASD may also include ophthalmologic, cardiac, renal, and orthopedic abnormalities. Although heavier PAE, particularly binge drinking, leads to increased risk of FASD, no safe exposure level has been established. It is apparent that risk is substantially increased if the mother is older, has a history of alcoholism, has a family history of FASD, or is living in poverty. However, no clear set of risk or protective factors has been determined for any FASD that would allow for evidence-based advice to a particular mother on the relative risk that a particular level of drinking might have on her child’s development (Bailey and Sokol 2008; Jacobson et al. 2004; Maier and West 2001; Nulman et al. 2004; see also Disney et al. 2008).
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Conference papers on the topic "Developmental orthopedic disease"

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Guess, Trent M., Antonis Stylianou, and Mohammad Kia. "Validation of Knee Load Predictions During a Dual Limb Squat and Calfrise." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80644.

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Knowledge of knee loading would benefit prosthetic design, development of tissue engineered materials, orthopedic repair, and management of degenerative joint diseases such as osteoarthritis. Musculoskeletal modeling provides a method for estimating in vivo joint loading, but validation of model predictions is challenging. Data provided by the “Grand Challenge Competition to Predict In-Vivo Knee Loads” for the 2012 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Summer Bioengineering Conference [1] provides data from an instrumented prosthetic knee that can be used to validate load predictions. The Grand Challenge data set includes implant and bone geometries, motion, ground reaction forces, electromyography (EMG) as well as measured knee loading. Presented here are muscle driven forward dynamics simulations with a prosthetic knee for two of the calibration gait trials (SC_2legsquat and SC_calfrise) provided with the Grand Challenge data set. The calibration trials include the instrumented knee measurements and are provided to help “calibrate” models used in the Grand Challenge competition. Inputs to model simulations were experimental marker motion and outputs included muscle force, ground reaction forces, ligament forces, contact forces, and knee loading. Experimental measurements of knee loading, ground reaction force, and muscle activations were compared to model predictions.
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LeDuc, Philip. "Linking Molecular to Cellular Biomechanics With Nano- and Micro-Technology." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43987.

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The link between mechanics and biochemistry has been implicated in a myriad of scientific and medical problem, from orthopedics and cardiovascular medicine, to cell motility and division, to signal transduction and gene expression. Most of these studies have been focused on organ-level issues, yet cellular and molecular level research has become essential over the last decade in this field thanks to the revolutionary developments in genetics, molecular biology, fabrication processes, and biotechnology. Developing the link between molecular and cellular biomechanics through subcellular studies can help uncover the complex interactions requisite for understanding higher order macroscopic behavior. Here, we will explore the link between molecular and cellular research through novel systems of nano- and micro-technology. In this, I will discuss novel technologies that we have developed and are utilizing, which include magnetic needles, three-dimension cell stretching systems, and microfluidics to examine the link between mechanics and biochemistry (including structural regulation through the cytoskeleton). By combining these novel approaches between engineering and biology, this multidisciplinary research can make a tremendous impact on the studies of human health and diseases through advances in fields such as proteomics, tissue engineering, and medical diagnostics.
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