Academic literature on the topic 'Developmental sequence model'
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Journal articles on the topic "Developmental sequence model"
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Schnell, Jim. "The Developmental Speech Sequence Model (DSSM)." Speech Communication Teacher 1, no. 2 (1987): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/29945054.1987.12289045.
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Yu, Byong-Kyu, and Kyong-Mi Kim. "A Literature Review of Motor DevelopmentalTheory and Dynamical Systems Model." Journal of Clinical Movement Science in Human 4, no. 1 (1999): 121–41. https://doi.org/10.17817/1999.4.1.10.
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This paper reviews some of the literature relating to traditional and contemporary motor developmental theories. In particular, focused on reference to dynamical systems model. Current researchhas shown that some of our ideas regarding a normal motor development sequence have been incomplete. A normal motor developmental progression seems not only to move in overlapping sequences but also to demonstrate great variability in the age that a motor milestone emerges. All of the previous research ideas regarding development blend very well with the new dynamic systems theory of motor control. With the dynamic systems theory, there are many circular loops and levels of control that cannot only work independently. But they can also work interactively with each other. This theory suggests an interaction in the progression of all systems and subsystems that determines when a motor skill appears and what the quality from that a motor skill. The theories presented in the original writings regarding these neurophysiological treatment approaches need to be reviewed and updated to foster improvement of our treatment techniques and to better analyser treatment efficacy. And many issues must be considered when determining whether to follow a normal motor developmental sequence for treatment planning and implementation.
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Chavoshi, Saeid, Maxine Gallander Wintre, Stella Dentakos, and Lorna Wright. "A Developmental Sequence Model to University Adjustment of International Undergraduate Students." Journal of International Students 7, no. 3 (2017): 703–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.570029.
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The current study proposes a Developmental Sequence Model to University Adjustment and uses a multifaceted measure, including academic, social and psychological adjustment, to examine factors predictive of undergraduate international student adjustment. A hierarchic regression model is carried out on the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire to examine theoretically pertinent predictors arranged in a developmental sequence in determining adjustment outcomes. This model accounted for over 60% of the variance in adjustment scores, and highlighted the importance of ecological factors in relation to student adjustment, such as social support, relationship with parents, and perceived institutional support as more useful than static measures of achievement such as high school GPA. Implications of these findings, including the important role of campus services, are discussed.
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Chavoshi, Saeid, Maxine Gallander Wintre, Stella Dentakos, and Lorna Wright. "A Developmental Sequence Model to University Adjustment of International Undergraduate Students." Journal of International Students 7, no. 3 (2018): 703–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v7i3.295.
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The current study proposes a Developmental Sequence Model to University Adjustment and uses a multifaceted measure, including academic, social and psychological adjustment, to examine factors predictive of undergraduate international student adjustment. A hierarchic regression model is carried out on the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire to examine theoretically pertinent predictors arranged in a developmental sequence in determining adjustment outcomes. This model accounted for over 60% of the variance in adjustment scores, and highlighted the importance of ecological factors in relation to student adjustment, such as social support, relationship with parents, and perceived institutional support as more useful than static measures of achievement such as high school GPA. Implications of these findings, including the important role of campus services, are discussed.
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Thomas, Kathleen M., Ruskin H. Hunt, Nathalie Vizueta, et al. "Evidence of Developmental Differences in Implicit Sequence Learning: An fMRI Study of Children and Adults." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16, no. 8 (2004): 1339–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0898929042304688.
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Prevailing theories of implicit or unaware learning propose a developmental invariance model, with implicit function maturing early in infancy or childhood despite prolonged improvements in explicit or intentional learning and memory systems across childhood. Neuroimaging studies of adult visuomotor sequence learning have associated fronto-striatal brain regions with implicit learning of spatial sequences. Given evidence of continued development in these brain regions during childhood, we compare implicit sequence learning in adults and 7- to 11-year-old children to examine potential developmental differences in the recruitment of fronto-striatal circuitry during implicit learning. Participants performed a standard serial reaction time task. Stimuli alternately followed a fixed 10-step sequence of locations or were presented in a pseudorandom order of locations. Adults outperformed children, achieving a significantly larger sequence learning effect and showing learning more quickly than children. Age-related differences in activity were observed in the premotor cortex, putamen, hippocampus, inferotemporal cortex, and parietal cortex. We observed differential recruitment of cortical and subcortical motor systems between groups, presumably reflecting age differences in motor response execution. Adults showed greater hippocampal activity for sequence trials, whereas children demonstrated greater signal during random trials. Activity in the right caudate correlated significantly with behavioral measures of implicit learning for both age groups, although adults showed greater signal change than children overall, as would be expected given developmental differences in sequence learning magnitude. These results challenge the idea of developmental invariance in implicit learning and instead support a view of parallel developments in implicit and explicit learning systems.
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Opitz, Bertram, Daniel Brady, and Hayley C. Leonard. "Motor and non-motor sequence prediction is equally affected in children with developmental coordination disorder." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (2020): e0232562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232562.
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Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are diagnosed based on motor difficulties. However, they also exhibit difficulties in several other cognitive domains, including visuospatial processing, executive functioning and attention. One account of the difficulties seen in DCD proposes an impairment in internal forward modelling, i.e., the ability to (i) detect regularities of a repetitive perceptual or motor pattern, (ii) predict future outcomes of motor actions, and (iii) adapt behaviour accordingly. Using electroencephalographic recordings, the present study aimed to delineate these different aspects of internal forward modelling across several domains. To this end, 24 children with DCD and 23 typically-developing children (aged 7–10 years) completed a serial prediction task in the visual, temporal, spatial and motor domains. This task required them to learn short sequences and to indicate whether a sequence was disrupted towards its end. Analyses revealed that, across all domains, children with DCD showed poorer discrimination between intact and disrupted sequences, accompanied by a delayed late parietal positivity elicited by disrupted sequences. These results indicate an impairment in explicit sequence discrimination in DCD across motor and cognitive domains. However, there is no evidence for an impairment in implicit performance on the visuomotor task in DCD. These results suggest an impairment of the updating of an internal forward model in DCD resulting in a blurred representation of that model and, consequently, in a reduced ability to detect regularities in the environment (e.g., sequences). Such a detailed understanding of internal forward modelling in DCD could help to explain the wide range of co-occurring difficulties experienced by those with a diagnosis of DCD.
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Pimus, Inna, Mitchell Schertz, and Mor Peleg. "Sequence Mining of Comorbid Neurodevelopmental Disorders Using the SPADE Algorithm." Methods of Information in Medicine 55, no. 03 (2016): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me15-01-0142.
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SummaryObjectives: Understanding the progression of comorbid neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) during different critical time periods may contribute to our comprehension of the underlying pathophysiology of NDDs. The objective of our study was to identify frequent temporal sequences of developmental diagnoses in noisy patient data.Methods: We used a data set of 2810 patients, documenting NDD diagnoses given to them by an NDD expert at a child developmental center during multiple visits at different ages. Extensive preprocessing steps were developed in order to allow the data set to be processed by an efficient sequence mining algorithm (SPADE).Results: The discovered sequences were validated by cross validation for 10 iterations; all correlation coefficients for support, con -fidence and lift measures were above 0.75 and their proportions were similar. No significant differences between the distributions of sequences were found using KolmogorovSmirnov test.Conclusions: We have demonstrated the feasibility of using the SPADE algorithm for discovery of valid temporal sequences of co-morbid disorders in children with NDDs. The identification of such sequences would be beneficial from clinical and research perspectives. Moreover, these sequences could serve as features for developing a full-fledged temporal predictive model.
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Almeida, Renata, Alan Norrish, Mark Levick, et al. "From genomes to vaccines: Leishmania as a model." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 357, no. 1417 (2002): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0985.
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The 35 Mb genome of Leishmania should be sequenced by late 2002. It contains approximately 8500 genes that will probably translate into more than 10 000 proteins. In the laboratory we have been piloting strategies to try to harness the power of the genome–proteome for rapid screening of new vaccine candidate. To this end, microarray analysis of 1094 unique genes identified using an EST analysis of 2091 cDNA clones from spliced leader libraries prepared from different developmental stages of Leishmania has been employed. The plan was to identify amastigote–expressed genes that could be used in high–throughput DNA–vaccine screens to identify potential new vaccine candidates. Despite the lack of transcriptional regulation that polycistronic transcription in Leishmania dictates, the data provide evidence for a high level of post–transcriptional regulation of RNA abundance during the developmental cycle of promastigotes in culture and in lesion–derived amastigotes of Leishmania major . This has provided 147 candidates from the 1094 unique genes that are specifically upregulated in amastigotes and are being used in vaccine studies. Using DNA vaccination, it was demonstrated that pooling strategies can work to identify protective vaccines, but it was found that some potentially protective antigens are masked by other disease–exacerbatory antigens in the pool. A total of 100 new vaccine candidates are currently being tested separately and in pools to extend this analysis, and to facilitate retrospective bioinformatic analysis to develop predictive algorithms for sequences that constitute potentially protective antigens. We are also working with other members of the Leishmania Genome Network to determine whether RNA expression determined by microarray analyses parallels expression at the protein level. We believe we are making good progress in developing strategies that will allow rapid translation of the sequence of Leishmania into potential interventions for disease control in humans.
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Cathleen Revlock, Therese, Kathleen Wiles, Eileen Kolich, et al. "ADVANCING THE COMPLETION AGENDA IN ADULT DEVELOPMENTAL READING AT THE COMMUNITY COLLEGE LEVEL: A QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH STUDY." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 04 (2022): 881–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14625.
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In order to assist community college students in completing their program of study at a more rapid pace, this quantitative, correlational study examined the effectiveness of acceleration as a method to help community college students complete the developmental reading sequence quickly and more successfully. Acceleration is a curricular redesign that includes challenging readings and assignments and reduces the number of required classes in the developmental sequence. Past research does not adequately measure student success in the current community college trend of securing the most efficient pathway possible for attaining an associates degree or career certificate. Students who scored 80 or higher on the post-course, COMPASS reading placement test skipped a developmental class and were eligible to take college-level gateway courses sooner, for the purpose of saving them time and money. Retention and grade-point-average of developmental reading students who pursued an accelerated path was compared to developmental reading students who followed the traditional, two-tiered course sequence to determine first year success. In the college of the study, findings indicated developmental reading intervention, regardless of model, was effective for the students who persisted, as measured by their literacy skill gains.
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Rakhimov, Oktyabr, Dilrabo Rakhimova, Otabek Mirzaev, and Shavkat Azizov. "Analysis of developmental education models in the ecological education system in Uzbekistan." E3S Web of Conferences 458 (2023): 06020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345806020.
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The article points out the analysis of goals and tasks, models and methods of organization of traditional and developmental education, as well as the cyclic sequence of learning in ecological education. The cyclical model of ecological education, the main stages of the cyclical process of teaching and educational development, the main problems of the reflexive state of the student, the characteristics of educational models, the cyclical sequence of mastering in developmental education have been developed, the form of organizing teaching according to this cycle is considered as a universal mechanism of personal experience and ability development, and the essence of developmental education is revealed. In the higher education system of Uzbekistan, the need for a gradual transition to developmental education based on digital technologies in ecological education is based on the need for independent educational activities in the field of ecology of students to occupy an important place and the necessity of its proper organization.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Developmental sequence model"
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Tran, Anh Le. "Development of the VHP-Female CAD model including Dynamic Breathing Sequence." Digital WPI, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/346.
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Mathematics, physics, biology, and computer science are combined to create computational modeling, which studies the behaviors and reactions of complex biomedical problems. Modern biomedical research relies significantly on realistic computational human models or “virtual humans�. Relevant study areas utilizing computational human models include electromagnetics, solid mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, ultrasound propagation, thermal propagation, and automotive safety research. These and other applications provide ample justification for the realization of the Visible Human Project® (VHP)-Female v. 4.0, a new platform-independent full body electromagnetic computational model. Along with the VHP-Female v. 4.0, a realistic and anatomically justified Dynamic Breathing Sequence is developed. The creation of such model is essential to the development of biomedical devices and procedures that are affected by the dynamics of human breathing, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the calculation of Specific Absorption Rate. The model can be used in numerous application, including Breath-Detection Radar for human search and rescue.
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Lau, Ho Lam. "The development of the nested relational sequence model to support XML databases /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?COMP%202002%20LAU.
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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2002.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-96). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Feld, Jason Kane. "Validating cognitive skill sequences in the early social development domain using path-referenced technology and latent trait models." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184476.
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The present study was a systematic investigation of hierarchical skill sequences in the early social development domain. Recent research has suggested that social development may be conceptualized as a phenomena involving a hierarchical sequencing of competencies. In particular, social development may involve sequential changes in capability, reflecting successively higher levels of functioning within these competencies. The conceptual problem of this study focused on the construction and validation of a meaningful representation of ability in early social development. Ability was conceptualized as a composite of cognitive procedures governing the performance of specific tasks. The process for constructing skill sequences to reflect ability involved identifying task characteristics or demands which imposed various requirements on cognitive functioning. Hierarchical skill sequences were constructed to tap a variety of capabilities within the early social development domain. These skill sequences included understanding emotions, identifying and mediating needs, understanding friendships, and understanding fairness in decision making. Assessment items were developed to reflect each of these skill sequences based on the cognitive processes that are necessary for correct performance. This involved varying the task demands imposing various requirements on cognitive processing. The data were from 18,305 Head Start children ranging from 30 to 83 months of age. Latent trait models were constructed to reflect the hypothesized skill sequences by allowing the discrimination and difficulty parameters to be free to vary or by constraining them to be equal to other parameters. To arrive at a preferred model, each latent trait model was statistically compared against alternative latent trait models. In general, the results from the present investigation supported the hypothesis that the acquisition of social skills is a developmental phenomena involving a hierarchical sequencing of competencies. Moreover, the study supports the assumption that changes in capability can be defined by progress toward abstraction, complexity, stability, and the handling of increasing quantities of information. While the results provide a deeper understanding of early social development, future research is needed to extend the developmental structure to higher levels of ability. Moreover, research is needed to determine how the information gleaned from developmental assessment can be utilized in planning learning experiences to enhance development.
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Yeh, Chun hung. "Diffusion Microscopist Simulator - The Development and Application of a Monte Carlo Simulation System for Diffusion MRI." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00660279.
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Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) has made a significant breakthrough in neurological disorders and brain research thanks to its exquisite sensitivity to tissue cytoarchitecture. However, as the water diffusion process in neuronal tissues is a complex biophysical phenomena at molecular scale, it is difficult to infer tissue microscopic characteristics on a voxel scale from dMRI data. The major methodological contribution of this thesis is the development of an integrated and generic Monte Carlo simulation framework, 'Diffusion Microscopist Simulator' (DMS), which has the capacity to create 3D biological tissue models of various shapes and properties, as well as to synthesize dMRI data for a large variety of MRI methods, pulse sequence design and parameters. DMS aims at bridging the gap between the elementary diffusion processes occurring at a micrometric scale and the resulting diffusion signal measured at millimetric scale, providing better insights into the features observed in dMRI, as well as offering ground-truth information for optimization and validation of dMRI acquisition protocols for different applications.We have verified the performance and validity of DMS through various benchmark experiments, and applied to address particular research topics in dMRI. Based on DMS, there are two major application contributions in this thesis. First, we use DMS to investigate the impact of finite diffusion gradient pulse duration (delta) on fibre orientation estimation in dMRI. We propose that current practice of using long delta, which is enforced by the hardware limitation of clinical MRI scanners, is actually beneficial for mapping fibre orientations, even though it violates the underlying assumption made in q-space theory. Second, we employ DMS to investigate the feasibility of estimating axon radius using a clinical MRI system. The results suggest that the algorithm for mapping the direct microstructures is applicable to dMRI data acquired from standard MRI scanners.
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Hartnett, Judith Elizabeth. "Professional growth through working together : a study of reciprocal benefits for teacher and education advisor through classroom based professional development." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/48045/1/Judith_Hartnett_Thesis.pdf.
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Teacher professional development provided by education advisors as one-off, centrally offered sessions does not always result in change in teacher knowledge, beliefs, attitudes or practice in the classroom. As the mathematics education advisor in this study, I set out to investigate a particular method of professional development so as to influence change in a practising classroom teacher’s knowledge and practices. The particular method of professional development utilised in this study was based on several principles of effective teacher professional development and saw me working regularly in a classroom with the classroom teacher as well as providing ongoing support for her for a full school year. The intention was to document the effects of this particular method of professional development in terms of the classroom teacher’s and my professional growth to provide insights for others working as education advisors. The professional development for the classroom teacher consisted of two components. The first was the co-operative development and implementation of a mental computation instructional program for the Year 3 class. The second component was the provision of ongoing support for the classroom teacher by the education advisor. The design of the professional development and the mental computation instructional program were progressively refined throughout the year. The education advisor fulfilled multiple roles in the study as teacher in the classroom, teacher educator working with the classroom teacher and researcher. Examples of the professional growth of the classroom teacher and the education advisor which occurred as sequences of changes (growth networks, Hollingsworth, 1999) in the domains of the professional world of the classroom teacher and education advisor were drawn from the large body of data collected through regular face-to-face and email communications between the classroom teacher and the education advisor as well as from transcripts of a structured interview. The Interconnected Model of Professional Growth (Clarke & Hollingsworth, 2002; Hollingsworth, 1999) was used to summarise and represent each example of the classroom teacher’s professional growth. A modified version of this model was used to summarise and represent the professional growth of the education advisor. This study confirmed that the method of professional development utilised could lead to significant teacher professional growth related directly to her work in the classroom. Using the Interconnected Model of Professional Growth to summarise and represent the classroom teacher’s professional growth and the modified version for my professional growth assisted with the recognition of examples of how we both changed. This model has potential to be used more widely by education advisors when preparing, implementing, evaluating and following-up on planned teacher professional development activities. The mental computation instructional program developed and trialled in the study was shown to be a successful way of sequencing and managing the teaching of mental computation strategies and related number sense understandings to Year 3 students. This study was conducted in one classroom, with one teacher in one school. The strength of this study was the depth of teacher support provided made possible by the particular method of the professional development, and the depth of analysis of the process. In another school, or with another teacher, this might not have been as successful. While I set out to change my practice as an education advisor I did not expect the depth of learning I experienced in terms of my knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and practices as an educator of teachers. This study has changed the way in which I plan to work as an education advisor in the future.
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Yemane, Kedamawit Yemane Kedamawit Keddy. "Palaeoenvironmental setting, diagenesis and source rock potential of the lower Beaufort Karoo sequence, at Mt. Chombe-Chiweta, Northern Malawi : a model for late Permian climates and lake development in Central Southern Africa /." Zürich : [s.n.], 1991. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=9237.
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Chavan, Archana G. "Exploring the molecular architecture of proteins| Method developments in structure prediction and design." Thesis, University of the Pacific, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3609082.
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<p> Proteins are molecular machines of life in the truest sense. Being the expressors of genotype, proteins have been a focus in structural biology. Since the first characterization and structure determination of protein molecule more than half a century ago1, our understanding of protein structure is improving only incrementally. While computational analysis and experimental techniques have helped scientist view the structural features of proteins, our concepts about protein folding remain at the level of simple hydrophobic interactions packing side-chain at the core of the protein. Furthermore, because the rate of genome sequencing is far more rapid than protein structure characterization, much more needs to be achieved in the field of structural biology. As a step in this direction, my dissertation research uses computational analysis and experimental techniques to elucidate the fine structural features of the tertiary packing in proteins. With these set of studies, the knowledge of the field of structural biology extends to the fine details of higher order protein structure.</p>
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Aupy, Philippine. "Le développement préclinique des tcDNA pour la Dystrophie Musculaire de Duchenne Evaluating the impact of variable phosphorothioate content in tricyclo-DNA antisense oligonucleotides in a Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy mouse model Identifying and avoiding tcDNA-ASO sequence specific toxicity for the development of DMD exon 51 skipping therapy Long term efficacy of AAV9-U7snRNA mediated exon 51 skipping in mdx52 mice The use of tricyclo-DNA for the treatment of Genetic Disorders Exon-skipping advances for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV083.
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La Dystrophie Musculaire de Duchenne est une maladie génétique mortelle qui touche un garçon sur 3500. Elle se manifeste par une faiblesse musculaire progressive conduisant à une perte de la marche autour de l’âge de 10 ans, puis des problèmes respiratoires et cardiaques. Elle est due à des mutations dans le gène DMD conduisant à une absence de la protéine dystrophine. Il n’existe à l’heure actuelle aucun traitement satisfaisant. L’une des stratégies thérapeutiques les plus prometteuses pour cette maladie consiste à moduler l’épissage de l’ARN pré-messager. Cette stratégie appelée aussi « saut d’exon » utilise principalement des oligonucléotides antisens qui vont permettre de restaurer le cadre de lecture et ainsi entrainer la production de protéine.Le laboratoire Biothérapie des Maladies du Système Neuromusculaire a développé une nouvelle chimie d’oligonucléotide antisens, les tricyclo-DNA (tcDNA), ayant fait leur preuve pour effectuer un saut de l’exon 23 efficace dans des modèles murins de la DMD. En effet, les chercheurs de l’équipe ont pu démontrer la présence de saut d’exon et de restauration de dystrophine dans l’ensemble de la musculature et dans le système nerveux central, permettant d’obtenir une amélioration fonctionnelle. Lors de ma thèse, je me suis intéressée au développement pré-clinique d’un tcDNA ciblant l’exon 51 humain, puisqu’il s’agit de l’exon permettant de traiter la plus grande proportion de patients (13%).La première partie de mon projet a été consacrée à l’amélioration de la tolérabilité des tcDNAs à travers deux approches : la modification de la séquence et la modification du design de la molécule. En effet, la cause principale de la toxicité des tcDNAs est la formation de structures homodimériques associée à la présence de liens phosphorothioates (PS). Cette première étude a permis, d’une part, de démontrer qu’une modification de la séquence entraine une élimination des structures homodimériques et permet ainsi d’obtenir une meilleure tolérabilité de la molécule. D’autre part nous avons pu mettre en évidence qu’une diminution du contenu en liens PS permet de limiter l’apparition d’une toxicité à long terme sans impacter significativement l’efficacité.La deuxième partie de mon projet de thèse a été consacrée à l’optimisation de l’efficacité des tcDNAs. Pour cela deux approches ont été investiguées : d’une part l’amélioration de la biodisponibilité de la molécule et d’autre part l’optimisation de la séquence cible. Nous avons ainsi pu démontrer que la conjugaison d’un acide gras à un tcDNA entraine une amélioriation significative de sa biodistribution et de l’efficacité du tcDNA. En parallèle, un criblage de nombreuses séquences ciblant différentes régions de l’exon 51 a permis de sélectionner une séquence candidate présentant une efficacité nettement supérieure à celle de la séquence initiale. Cette séquence, conjuguée à un acide palmitique, a démontrée des résultats extremement encourageants pour les futurs essais cliniques et est actuellement en phase finale de développement préclinique<br>Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a fatal genetic disorder affecting 1/3500 newborn males. It is characterized by progressive muscle weakness causing loss of ambulatory functions and respiratory and cardiac failures. This disease is due to mutations in the DMD gene leading to complete loss of protein expression. There is currently no satisfactory treatment but one of the most promising therapeutic strategy is splicing modulation. This strategy also called “exon skipping” is achieved through the use of antisense oligonucleotides allowing a restoration of the reading frame, and thus leading to protein rescue.The laboratory Biothérapie des Maladies du Système Neuromusculaire has developped a new chemistry of antisense oligonucleotide, tricyclo-DNA (tcDNA). They have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of tcDNA in different mouse models of DMD. Indeed, after systemic treatment significant exon 23 skipping and dystrophin restoration were found in all tested muscles as well as in the central nervous system, leading to functional improvement. During my phD project, I worked on the pre-clinical development of a tcDNA targeting human exon 51, which could be applicable to a large proportion of DMD patients (13%).The first part of my project was dedicated to the improvement of tcDNA tolerability through the modification of the sequence itself and the modification of the chemical design. Indeed, the major cause of tcDNA toxicity is the formation of homodimeric structure associated with the presence of phosphorothioates linkages (PS). In this study, we were able to demonstrate that modification of the toxic sequence impairs homodimerization, thus suppressing toxicity. Moreover, we have demonstrated that a decrease in the PS content prevent the apparition of long term toxicity without impairing significatively exon skipping efficacy but.The second part of my project focused on the optimisation of tcDNA efficacy through improvement of their biodisponibility and optimisation of the targeted sequence. We first demonstrated that fatty acid conjugation to tcDNA significantly improves biodistribution and efficacy. In parallel, we screened numerous sequences targeting different regions of the exon 51 and selected a novel sequence with a significantly higher efficacy than the initial sequence. This novel tcDNA sequence, once conjugated with palmitic acid demonstrated extremely encouraging results for the treatment of DMD and we are currently finalizing its development for future clinical trials
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"Thermodynamics studies of DNA: development of the next nearest-neighbor (NNN) model." 2001. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5895899.
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Ip Lai Nang.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-71).<br>Abstracts in English and Chinese.<br>ABSTRACT (ENGLISH) --- p.iii<br>ABSTRACT (CHINESE) --- p.iv<br>ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.v<br>TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vi<br>LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii<br>LIST OF FIGURES --- p.ix<br>LIST OF APPENDIX --- p.x<br>Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1<br>Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- BACKGROUND --- p.3<br>Chapter 2.1 --- Structure of DNA --- p.3<br>Chapter 2.2 --- Sequence dependent stability --- p.8<br>Chapter 2.3 --- Thermodynamics of DNA --- p.9<br>Chapter 2.4 --- Model for predicting thermodynamic parameters of DNA sequence --- p.15<br>Chapter 2.4.1 --- The nearest-neighbor (NN) model<br>Chapter 2.4.1.1 --- Background --- p.15<br>Chapter 2.4.1.2 --- Method for predicting thermodynamic parameters --- p.16<br>Chapter 2.4.1.3 --- Limitation of the NN model --- p.19<br>Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- EXPERIMENTAL METHOD --- p.20<br>Chapter 3.1 --- Design of DNA sequences PAGE --- p.20<br>Chapter 3.2 --- DNA synthesis and purification --- p.22<br>Chapter 3.3 --- UV measurement --- p.23<br>Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- THE NEXT NEAREST-NEIGHBOR (NNN) MODEL --- p.27<br>Chapter 4.1 --- Method for extracting the NNN thermodynamic parameters --- p.30<br>Chapter 4.2 --- Discussions --- p.34<br>Chapter 4.2.1 --- Comparison of the NN model and the NNN model --- p.34<br>Chapter 4.2.2 --- The NNN effect --- p.38<br>Chapter 4.2.3 --- Sequence-specific local structure of DNA and the NNN effect<br>Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- SUMMARY AND FUTURE WORK --- p.49<br>APPENDIX I´ؤ XVI --- p.51<br>REFERENCE --- p.67
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"A Sequence-Based, Population Genetic Model of Regulatory Pathway Evolution." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/70420.
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Complex phenotypes with genetic cause are understood through many processes, including regulatory pathways, but our evolutionary understanding of these critical structures is undermined by poor models which fail to preserve the underlying sequence structure and to incorporate population genetics. In response, this thesis builds a pathway model of evolution from its underlying sequence structure and validates it against a pertinent problem in genome evolution which uniquely leverage the developed model. Specifically, my model preserves sequence characteristics through a novel data structure and pathway-level mutation and recombination rates which are functions of sequence properties. The utility of the model is validated with a study quantifying the advantages and disadvantages of expansive non-coding DNA regions on the establishment of optimal pathways. Because the model presented in this thesis rectifies many fundamental problems in previous models, it may serve as a critical tool for future work in pathway evolution.
Books on the topic "Developmental sequence model"
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Yemane, Kedamawit (Keddy). Palaeoenvironmental setting, diagenesis and source rock potential of the lower Beaufort Karoo sequence, at Mt. Chombe-Chiweta, northern Malawi: A model for late Permian climates and lake development in central southern Africa. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 1990.
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Casas, Arturo. Procesos da historiografía literaria galega Para un debate crítico. Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-530-8.
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Galician literary historiography shows links and ruptures that refer to the cultural history of Galicia itself and to the sequence of historical events that have delineated the social, economic and political development of the country since the nineteenth century. These coordinates comprise a series of processes, including the elaboration and propagation of ideologies aimed at achieving a way out of political subalternity and oriented towards the horizon of national emancipation. Those events and these processes also marked the connection of Galicia with modernity and the dynamics of historical change. As a result of the above, this book analyses critically the institutionalization processes of the history of Galician literature – with special emphasis on historiographic models such as that of Said Armesto, Carvalho Calero, Méndez Ferrín and others – and indicates the need to undertake a productive methodological innovation of the discipline in heuristic, organic and discursive terms. It further argues that this update should pay attention to substantive theoretical debates, not exclusively of specific cultural coordinates, such as Galician ones or any others that could be considered. Among these, the cooperation between history and sociology, the intellection of literary facts as historical facts, the review of the link between literary history and nation, the public uses of literary history, and the inquiry of discursive choices that promote a less self-indulgent and predictable historiography. This essentially involved a challenge, that of permanent dialogue with some of the most powerful critical reinterpretations of the Galician historiographic tradition and with alternative models constituted from feminist thought, postcolonial theories, the sociology of the literary field or the systemic theories of culture, as well as with the contributions made from a post-national understanding of the literary phenomenon.
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Graaf, Theo K. De. Trauma and psychiatry: The role of individual and transgenerational traumatisation in the causation of psychobiological illness : an object-relations and psychobiological model of normal and pathological personality development in the light of individual and transgenerational sequelae of severe traumatisation. Tilburg University Press, 1998.
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Evans, Steven W., Julie S. Owens, W. John Monopoli, and Kari Benson. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Edited by Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White, and Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.14.
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Youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder experience impairment across multiple domains of functioning, with the characteristics changing with age. Thus, assessment and treatment must be appropriate for the home and school and relevant to the child’s developmental level. This chapter reviews effective assessment strategies for use with children and adolescents. Psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents are discussed separately, as the approaches with each group differ substantially. For children, strategies with a strong evidence base are described, and innovations and treatment modifications that have been examined recently are showcased. For adolescents, the results of the few randomized clinical trials conducted with this population are reviewed. A theoretical model for how to sequence treatments (i.e., intervention, medication, accommodations) for youth is referenced, and two case studies highlight this model, as well some of the new findings described in this chapter. Implications and recommendations for future research and practice are provided.
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Hickmann, Maya, and Dominique Bassano. Modality and Mood in First Language Acquisition. Edited by Jan Nuyts and Johan Van Der Auwera. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199591435.013.20.
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This chapter aims to provide a large overview of research focusing on the development of modality and mood during first language acquisition. This overview synthesizes results concerning both early and later phases of development, within and across a large number of languages, and including some more peripheral categories, such as evidentials and tense–aspect markings. Results recurrently show the earlier acquisition of agent-oriented modality as compared to epistemic modality. However, cross-linguistic variation has raised some questions about this acquisition sequence, suggesting that language-specific properties may partially impact timing during acquisition. In addition, findings about later phases show a long developmental process whereby children gradually come to master complex semantic and pragmatic modal distinctions. The discussion highlights the contribution of these conclusions to current theoretical debates, such as the role of input factors and the relation between language and cognition during ontogenesis.
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Guiney, Thomas C. Temporal Factors in Early Release Policy and Practice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803683.003.0010.
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The chapter explores how temporal factors have influenced the development of early release in England and Wales. It begins with a number of broad observations upon the everyday business of penal administration and offers a view of policy development that departs from the standard model of the policy-making cycle. It goes on to explore the central role of path dependency in shaping the trajectory of early release policy and practice in England and Wales between 1960 and 1995, before turning to the less well understood catalysing role of ‘timing and sequence’ at key moments of policy reform. The chapter concludes with a critical appraisal of the complex picture of continuity and change that emerges from this book and advances the case for greater use of comparative historical study given how little attention is given to historical lessons in much contemporary public policy debate.
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Abramov, Vladimir, and Yulia Husnullina. Communicative Abbreviation of Computer Discourse. IUNL PGUTI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0740.15112023.
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The monography is devoted to abbreviation of computer discourse terms and abbreviated elements of computer communication. The course and results of analysis are interpreted in a logical sequence along with the described principles of systematization, its goals and objectives. The compression of multicomponent nominations denoting objects of the computer industry and the achievement of informativeness in the course of computer communication are presented as mechanisms contributing to the development of abbreviation models that require timely lexicographic registration and adequate lexical description. The study was conducted on the material of English-language texts and text-based computer communications, thereby providing a holistic perception of abbreviation models and reflecting the specifics of their use in the speech of professional PC users. The publication is intended for researchers, teachers, postgraduates of linguistic and linguocultural specialties and for those who are interested in the problems of abbreviation in modern developed languages.
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Alram-Stern, Eva, Kostas Gallis, and Giorgos Toufexis. Platia Magoula Zarkou The Neolithic Period. Environment, Stratigraphy and Architecture, Chronology, Tools, Figurines and Ornaments. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/978oeaw90363.
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The publication presents the excavation of the Neolithic settlement strata of the tell Platia Magoula Zarkou, situated in the Peneios Plain in Western Thessaly (Greece). The tell is characterized by an uninterrupted settlement sequence which, according to the radiocarbon data, dates to the 6th millennium BC and includes the Middle Neolithic and early Late Neolithic of Greece. Geological and geophysical analyses situate the tell in its natural environment. They show that during the Neolithic period, this part of the Peneios Valley was characterized by a temporary lake, the settlement being situated on the bank of a narrow gulf. The tell was surrounded by ditches which clearly defined the settlement area. Based on the stratigraphy and building development, the radiocarbon data, the tools, the ritual objects – including the well-known house model – as well as the ornaments, the cultural development and change during this period are analysed. The nine building phases show an alternation of built and unbuilt areas. Clear change is seen in the character of the finds from the late Middle Neolithic onwards, which inter alia is evident in the use of raw materials as well as the connected acquisition network. The house model is interpreted as a symbol of a buried household, the figurines as its inhabitants, being characterized by special roles in this household.
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Skiedraitė, Inga, Saulius Baskutis, Kazimieras Juzėnas, and Jolanta Baskutienė. Guidelines of Course Project for Production Engineering. KTU leidykla „Technologija“, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/e01.9786090217931.
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The achievements of technological sciences largely determine the progress and development of all branches of the economy. That is why in the training system of production engineers, the course project occupies a special place. This independent work of students is not only one of the fundamental stages in the preparation for the final bachelor’s project, but it also largely determines the qualification as a future engineer. The book presents the content of the course project as it lists the main issues to be covered including the analysis of the working drawing of a part, the evaluation of producibility, the selection of workpieces, the evaluation of allowances for machining, the calculation of cutting modes and the standard piece times, the process of planning an operation sequence for workpiece machining, the preparation of special technological charts as well as economy-related calculations.
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Jarjour, Tala. Performing Value. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190635251.003.0006.
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This chapter offers a glimpse into how value is articulated and performed in the multilayeredness of a distinctive service from Passion Week, the Washing of the Feet. The chapter is essentially an interpretive narrative description of the event that combines reference to written sources and to living practice. It underlines the constant processes of negotiation, juxtaposition, and ordering that bring together the various elements of an ecclesiastical service. In the liturgical reenactment of a biblical story in which Jesus washed the feet of his twelve disciples, the various modes of value conception and construction in Hayy al-Suryan merge and mediate the conception and performance of the music event. Liturgical structures, chant sequences, textual choices, musical decisions, role distribution, and choir administration are enmeshed with issues of music preservation and development, emotional significance, aesthetic preference, matters of faith, and existing structures of ecclesiastical governance.
Book chapters on the topic "Developmental sequence model"
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Hassan, Safiya M. "Model for Development of Moghra Estuarine Complex." In Sequence Stratigraphy of the Lower Miocene Moghra Formation in the Qattara Depression, North Western Desert, Egypt. Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00330-6_6.
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McLean, K. Robin. "The Lattice of U-Sequences of an Abelian p-Group." In Groups, Modules, and Model Theory - Surveys and Recent Developments. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51718-6_24.
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Prodan, Ionela, Sorin Olaru, Fernando A. C. C. Fontes, et al. "Predictive Control for Path-Following. From Trajectory Generation to the Parametrization of the Discrete Tracking Sequences." In Developments in Model-Based Optimization and Control. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26687-9_8.
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Lenhard, Robert J., and Jonás García-Rincón. "Historical Development of Constitutive Relations for Addressing Subsurface LNAPL Contamination." In Advances in the Characterisation and Remediation of Sites Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbons. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34447-3_2.
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AbstractAn overview of the historical development of k-S-P relations (constitutive relations) to model potential flow of light nonaqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) in the subsurface is presented in this chapter. The focus is advancements proposed by Parker, Lenhard, and colleagues over time. Discussion includes constitutive relations for incorporation in numerical multiphase flow models as well as constitutive relations for predicting subsurface LNAPL volumes and transmissivities from fluid levels measured in monitoring groundwater wells. LNAPL saturation distributions are given for various subsurface properties and layering sequences.
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Barachini, Franz, and Christian Stary. "How to Create Digital Selves." In From Digital Twins to Digital Selves and Beyond. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96412-2_13.
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AbstractThe construction of digital behavior models by means of behavior modeling embedding emotional aspects is generalized for further developments. We show a top-down approach to creating behavior-oriented digital selves representations. We recapture respective development principles, with the focus on functional, socio-emotional, and communication behavior sequences. Socio-emotional intelligence can be embodied into behavior representations depending on algorithmic processing and designed interventions for artificial, human, or transhuman actors.
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Granfeldt, Jonas. "Development of object clitics in child L2 French: A comparison of developmental sequences in different modes of acquisition." In Benjamins Current Topics. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bct.62.08gra.
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Vázquez-Domínguez, Irene, and Alejandro Garanto. "Considerations for Generating Humanized Mouse Models to Test Efficacy of Antisense Oligonucleotides." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2010-6_18.
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AbstractOver the last decades, animal models have become increasingly important in therapeutic drug development and assessment. The use of these models, mainly mice and rats, allow evaluating drugs in the real-organism environment and context. However, several molecular therapeutic approaches are sequence-dependent, and therefore, the humanization of such models is required to assess the efficacy. The generation of genetically modified humanized mouse models is often an expensive and laborious process that may not always recapitulate the human molecular and/or physiological phenotype. In this chapter, we summarize basic aspects to consider before designing and generating humanized models, especially when they are aimed to test antisense-based therapies.
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Yarosh, Maria. "Translator Intercultural Competence." In Multicultural Instructional Design. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9279-2.ch044.
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This chapter proposes possible answers to the questions of what translator intercultural competence is and how it can be developed. Namely, an eight-factor model of the competence is proposed, associated learning objectives and developmental level indicators are introduced, and a ten-session pedagogical sequence aimed at student translators' intercultural competence development is suggested. The solutions presented cannot be considered as definitive but are based on both theoretical and empirical data.
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Yarosh, Maria. "Translator Intercultural Competence." In Handbook of Research on Teaching Methods in Language Translation and Interpretation. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6615-3.ch010.
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This chapter proposes possible answers to the questions of what translator intercultural competence is and how it can be developed. Namely, an eight-factor model of the competence is proposed, associated learning objectives and developmental level indicators are introduced, and a ten-session pedagogical sequence aimed at student translators' intercultural competence development is suggested. The solutions presented cannot be considered as definitive but are based on both theoretical and empirical data.
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Blaxter, Mark. "The genome project and sequence homology to other species." In C.elegans. Oxford University PressOxford, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199637393.003.0002.
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Abstract Caenorhabditis elegans has a small genome (1 3). At 97 megabases (Mb) it is one thirtieth the size of the human (and other mammalian) genomes. Since C. elegans is a metazoan, its genome might be expected to be significantly more complex than those of single celled eukaryotes such as yeasts and protozoa, yet it is only three times the size of the malaria genome and eight times that of fission yeast. Within this relatively small gene set lie all the instructions for the development and functioning of a fully differentiated animal. These include genes for developmental regulation and embryogenesis, the functioning of complex organ systems, and the integration of the nervous system to control behaviour (4 8). At the inception of the C. elegans genome project, the idea of determining the complete sequence (never mind the structure) of such a vast genome was nearly unthinkable. Thanks to the vision, drive, and sheer hard work of a core group of researchers (in particular John Sulston, Alan Coulson, and Bob Waterston), the dream of having a fully mapped, and fully sequenced genome is complete. The genome project has been central to the success of C. elegans as a model organism, as it allows researchers to home in on the molecular basis of observed genetic defects without having to spend years in the forest of conventional, mapless cloning projects (9). The genome sequence yields the ultimate in genotyping and is the basis on which the next generation of ‘post genomics ‘ research will be based. In addition, the finding of a potential homologue of a gene of interest in the C. elegans genome sequence dataset is often the first inkling a researcher will have that this small nematode might be of interest to them.
Conference papers on the topic "Developmental sequence model"
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Fowler, Lee, and Jonathan Rogers. "A Virtual Pilot Algorithm for Synthetic HUMS Data Generation." In Vertical Flight Society 72nd Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0072-2016-11470.
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Regime recognition is an important tool for creation of usage spectra, component lifetime prediction, and fatigue loads analysis. During development of regime recognition (RR) codes, it is often necessary to establish baseline performance and accuracy of RR algorithms using scripted flight test data. However, various problems arise when using scripted flight test data as "truth" measurements upon which RR code accuracy is based. During scripted flight tests, maneuvers may be imprecisely flown or data may be perturbed by environmental disturbances. An alternative to scripted flight test data lies in simulated, or "synthetic" flight data produced from a flight simulation model. In this case, a maneuver script is flown in simulation and the model outputs are used to build a simulated Health and Usage Monitoring System (HUMS) dataset. An algorithm is needed to generate control inputs in a similar manner to a human pilot so that a maneuver sequence can be flown correctly in simulation. This paper presents a so-called virtual pilot algorithm that generates simulated control inputs for a given maneuver sequence. The virtual pilot receives a maneuver script as input, and streams control inputs to the flight simulator to perform the required maneuvers in an accurate and reliable manner. The virtual pilot proposed here is formulated as a variable structure controller where each maneuver is mapped to a single feedback control law. By switching between feedback laws, different maneuver regimes are flown. A smoothing technique called setpoint tracking bumpless transfer is used to smooth control transitions. Example results show that the virtual pilot can generate realistic synthetic HUMS data for a variety of maneuver sequences. Virtual pilot fidelity is demonstrated through both conformance to the ADS-33 standards for selected Mission Task Elements and comparison to actual HUMS data.
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Zhu, Guorong, and Lan Wang. "Optimize Your Leadership Pipeline: Leveraging HR Analytics for Business Model Innovation." In New Business Models 2023. Maastricht University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26481/mup.2302.30.
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Firms navigating the constantly changing business environment demand a supply of executives who can create and execute new business models, achieve financial targets, strengthen corporate ethical reputation, and transform the organization in pursuit of corporate sustainability. This paper aims to leverage human resources (HR) analytics to explore how high-potential managers navigate different developmental paths to reach the C-suite and how and why different developmental paths influence their turnover after becoming an executive. Combining job analysis and competency assessment with sequence analysis, we applied HR analytics on 53 general managers’ work experience spanning 57 years (n = 2,742), with roles, job requirements, and 20 executive competencies over 1,000 positions. Our findings reveal three distinct developmental paths that lead to the C-suite, characterized by differences in the content, context, timing, and complexity of work experience. Furthermore, we identify that a more complex developmental path tends to reinforce executives’ competency in self-awareness while inhibiting their development of technical competency, ultimately resulting in reduced executive turnover. Applying HR analytics with empirical data embedded in job and organizational contexts, this study reveals the importance of timing and complexity of work experience in executive development. It also offers insights for firms to leverage HR analytics to optimize their leadership pipeline and reduce executive turnover along with business model innovation.
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"Automated Composition of Sequence Diagrams via Alloy." In International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004715003840391.
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"Synthesizing Decentralized Components from a Variant of Live Sequence Charts." In International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004320500250038.
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"A Formal Semantics for Sequence Diagrams and a Strategy for System Analysis." In International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004711603170324.
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Çirişci, Berk, M. Emek, Ege Sorguç, Kamer Kaya, and Husnu Yenigun. "Using Synchronizing Heuristics to Construct Homing Sequences." In 7th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007403503620369.
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Çirişci, Berk, M. Emek, Ege Sorguç, Kamer Kaya, and Husnu Yenigun. "Using Synchronizing Heuristics to Construct Homing Sequences." In 7th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007403503640371.
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Noskov, Oleksii Viktorovych, Serhii Mykhailovych Levoniuk, and Mykyta Leonidovych Myrontsov. "Creation of Geological 3D-Model of Komyshnianske Field Based on the Sequence Stratigraphy Principles." In SPE Eastern Europe Subsurface Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208507-ms.
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Abstract Currently, the sequence-stratigraphic section dismemberment is only being implemented in Ukraine, so this article is highly relevant. The authors created geological 3D model of Komyshnianske gas condensate field based on sequence-stratigraphic section dismemberment for the first time at this area. This approach is effective for the following conditions:-insufficient field geological study;-thickness of productive horizons does not reach the seismic resolution boundaries;-no significant difference in impedance values on reflection horizons. The selected technique includes the following stages:-field geological study, facies analysis (integration of well geophysical complexes, cores);-deduction and correlation of sequence boundaries;-construction of discrete log, which corresponds to specific sequences distribution;-conducting seismic interpretation of the 3D seismic survey study of research area;-construction of a structural framework with the involvement of correlated sequences boundaries;-comparison of volume seismic attributes with selected sequences distribution. A geological 3D model of Komyshnianske gas condensate field was created based on sequence-stratigraphic principles. During the research, a geological structure of field was analyzed, the separated conditions of sedimentation (sequences) were deducted and interpreted. During the seismic interpretation of 3D seismic survey of study area, local features of wave field were identified, their reflection in the core material was found and linked to the concept of changing sedimentation conditions. With a general understanding of the material transportation and accommodation direction, used method allows to qualitatively outline the distribution boundaries of sedimentation certain conditions and predict their development outside the study area. Construction of facies discrete log and their distribution in the seismic field allows grouping thin bed layers of collectors to reach the seismic resolution and use them to predict the distribution of facies associated with changes in the rocks reservoir properties (tracking beach facies of deltas/avandeltas, sloping sediments, etc.). The constructed model could be used as a trend for reservoir distribution at the stage of construction of static geological model. Involvement of sequence-stratigraphy technique is new approach to sedimentation conditions study within Dnipro-Donetsk depression (DDD) areas. The paper shows that provided methodology gives:-improved geological understanding of field through sedimentation analysis and facies logging;-trends for reservoir properties distribution with the involvement of construction facies volumes;-proposals for further field E&D. The general provisions under conditions of geological materials sufficient base can be applied to other DDD areas, especially in pre-border zones. Involvement of sequence-stratigraphy technique is new approach for sedimentation conditions study within Dnipro-Donetsk depression (DDD) area. On the example of Komyshnianske gas condensate field, the article shows that provided methodology gives:-improved geological understanding of field through sedimentation analysis and facies logging;-trends for reservoir properties propagation with the involvement of seismic volume studies;-propositions for further field Exploration & Development.
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Ishikawa, Jun, Tomoyuki Sugiyama, and Yu Maruyama. "Source Term Analysis Considering B4C/Steel Interaction and Oxidation During Severe Accidents." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67858.
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The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is pursuing the development and application of the methodologies on fission product (FP) chemistry for source term analysis by using the integrated severe accident analysis code THALES2. In the present study, models for the eutectic interaction of boron carbide (B4C) with steel and the B4C oxidation were incorporated into THALES2 code and applied to the source term analyses for a boiling water reactor (BWR) with Mark-I containment vessel (CV). Two severe accident sequences with drywell (D/W) failure by overpressure initiated by loss of core coolant injection (TQUV sequence) and long-term station blackout (TB sequence) were selected as representative sequences. The analyses indicated that a much larger amount of species from the B4C oxidation was produced in TB sequence than TQUV sequence. More than a half of carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by the B4C oxidation was predicted to dissolve into the water pool of the suppression chamber (S/C), which could largely influence pH of the water pool and consequent formation and release of volatile iodine species.
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Borisov, Alexey, Martijn Wardenaar, Ilya Markov, and Maarten de Rijke. "A Click Sequence Model for Web Search." In SIGIR '18: The 41st International ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in Information Retrieval. ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3209978.3210004.
Full textReports on the topic "Developmental sequence model"
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สุวรรณศาสตร์, ธาราทิพย์, ศิรส สุภาวิตา, สุมนตรา ปัญจรัตน์ та เศรษฐพงศ์ ลีฬหรัตนรักษ์. โครงการเชื่อมโยงการวิจัยภาควิชาวิศวกรรมคอมพิวเตอร์สู่ภาคอุตสาหกรรม ปี 2547 : รายงานฉบับสมบูรณ์ : โครงการย่อยที่สอง : a design and development of test - related metrics to assess software testing process. คณะวิศวกรรมศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2006. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2006.68.
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ภาคผนวก: An instrumentation model for supporting software testing based on UML sequence diagrams / Siros Supavita -- An instrumentation model for supporting software testing based on UML sequence diagrams / Taratip Suwannasart -- Adequacy criteria for testing polymorphism in the context of interactions / Siros Supavita -- Adequacy criteria for testing polymorphism in the context of interactions / Taratip Suwannasart -- Testing polymorphic interactions in UML sequence diagrams / Siros Supavita -- Testing polymorphic interactions in UML sequence diagrams / Taratip Suwannasart -- An approach for generating test cases from use cases -- Setapong Leeraharattanarak -- An approach for generating test cases from use cases / Taratip Suwannasart
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Morin, Shai, Gregory Walker, Linda Walling, and Asaph Aharoni. Identifying Arabidopsis thaliana Defense Genes to Phloem-feeding Insects. United States Department of Agriculture, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699836.bard.
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The whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a serious agricultural pest that afflicts a wide variety of ornamental and vegetable crop species. To enable survival on a great diversity of host plants, whiteflies must have the ability to avoid or detoxify numerous different plant defensive chemicals. Such toxins include a group of insect-deterrent molecules called glucosinolates (GSs), which also provide the pungent taste of Brassica vegetables such as radish and cabbage. In our BARD grant, we used the whitefly B. tabaci and Arabidopsis (a Brassica plant model) defense mutants and transgenic lines, to gain comprehensive understanding both on plant defense pathways against whiteflies and whitefly defense strategies against plants. Our major focus was on GSs. We produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants accumulating high levels of GSs. At the first step, we examined how exposure to high levels of GSs affects decision making and performance of whiteflies when provided plants with normal levels or high levels of GSs. Our major conclusions can be divided into three: (I) exposure to plants accumulating high levels of GSs, negatively affected the performance of both whitefly adult females and immature; (II) whitefly adult females are likely to be capable of sensing different levels of GSs in their host plants and are able to choose, for oviposition, the host plant on which their offspring survive and develop better (preference-performance relationship); (III) the dual presence of plants with normal levels and high levels of GSs, confused whitefly adult females, and led to difficulties in making a choice between the different host plants. These findings have an applicative perspective. Whiteflies are known as a serious pest of Brassica cropping systems. If the differences found here on adjacent small plants translate to field situations, intercropping with closely-related Brassica cultivars could negatively influence whitefly population build-up. At the second step, we characterized the defensive mechanisms whiteflies use to detoxify GSs and other plant toxins. We identified five detoxification genes, which can be considered as putative "key" general induced detoxifiers because their expression-levels responded to several unrelated plant toxic compounds. This knowledge is currently used (using new funding) to develop a new technology that will allow the production of pestresistant crops capable of protecting themselves from whiteflies by silencing insect detoxification genes without which successful host utilization can not occur. Finally, we made an effort to identify defense genes that deter whitefly performance, by infesting with whiteflies, wild-type and defense mutated Arabidopsis plants. The infested plants were used to construct deep-sequencing expression libraries. The 30- 50 million sequence reads per library, provide an unbiased and quantitative assessment of gene expression and contain sequences from both Arabidopsis and whiteflies. Therefore, the libraries give us sequence data that can be mined for both the plant and insect gene expression responses. An intensive analysis of these datasets is underway. We also conducted electrical penetration graph (EPG) recordings of whiteflies feeding on Arabidopsis wild-type and defense mutant plants in order to determine the time-point and feeding behavior in which plant-defense genes are expressed. We are in the process of analyzing the recordings and calculating 125 feeding behavior parameters for each whitefly. From the analyses conducted so far we conclude that the Arabidopsis defense mutants do not affect adult feeding behavior in the same manner that they affect immatures development. Analysis of the immatures feeding behavior is not yet completed, but if it shows the same disconnect between feeding behavior data and developmental rate data, we would conclude that the differences in the defense mutants are due to a qualitative effect based on the chemical constituency of the phloem sap.
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Mathew, Jijo K., Haydn Malackowski, Yerassyl Koshan, et al. Development of Latitude/Longitude (and Route/Milepost) Model for Positioning Traffic Management Cameras. Purdue University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317720.
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Traffic Incident Management (TIM) is a FHWA Every Day Counts initiative with the objective of reducing secondary crashes, improving travel reliability, and ensuring the safety of responders. Agency roadside cameras play a critical role in TIM by helping dispatchers quickly identify the precise location of incidents when receiving reports from motorists with varying levels of spatial accuracy. Reconciling position reports that are often mile-marker based with cameras that operate in a Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) coordinate system relies on dispatchers having detailed knowledge of hundreds of cameras and perhaps some presets. During real-time incident dispatching, reducing the time it takes to identify the most relevant cameras and view the incident improves incident management dispatch times. This research developed a camera-to-mile marker mapping technique that automatically sets the camera view to a specified mile marker within the field-of-view of the camera. A new performance metric on verification time (TEYE) that captures the time it takes for TMC operators to have the first visual on roadside cameras is proposed for integration into the FHWA TIM event sequence. Performance metrics that summarize spatial camera coverage and image quality for use in both dispatch and long-term statewide planning for camera deployments were also developed. Using mobile mapping and LiDAR geospatial data to automate the mapping of mile markers to camera PTZ settings, and the integration of connected vehicle trajectory data to detect incidents and set the nearest camera view on the incident are both discussed for future studies.
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Yang, Yu, Hen-Geul Yeh, and Bryan Aguirre. Fuel Cell System Development for Heavy Duty Vehicles. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2025. https://doi.org/10.31979/mti.2025.2441.
Full textAbstract:
As California advances its ambitious goals for transportation electrification to combat climate change, hydrogen-powered fuel cells are emerging as a viable solution for overcoming the challenges of heavy-duty vehicles, offering an efficient alternative to lithium-ion batteries because they produce minimal chemical, thermal, and carbon emissions. One type of hydrogen fuel cell technology called proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) has garnered the most attention due to its distinct advantages, including relatively low operating temperatures (60–80 °C) and reliable performance at high current densities. However, despite their promise, PEMFCs face challenges, including in optimizing stack power output and safety concerns. To tackle these issues, accurate modeling and control strategies are essential. This study focuses on using data-driven modeling (specifically using a process known as “closed-loop system identification” under proportional controller and pseudo-random binary sequence excitation methods) to better understand and manage PEMFC systems. Various transfer functions models were analyzed, including first-order, first-order plus time delay, second-order, and second-order plus time delay models. The resulting closed-loop identification approach was applied on the humidifier, cooling, and oxygen supplier subsystems of simulated PEMFC to build their models under controlled operations. The results of this study highlight the potential of closed-loop system identification techniques to improve fuel cell vehicle performance in power supply, water, and heat management, without interrupting PEMFC operations. These findings demonstrate the significance of precise modeling as a cornerstone for advancing PEMFC control strategies and optimizing their application in renewable transportation and a more sustainable future.
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Rafaeli, Ada, Russell Jurenka, and Chris Sander. Molecular characterisation of PBAN-receptors: a basis for the development and screening of antagonists against Pheromone biosynthesis in moth pest species. United States Department of Agriculture, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695862.bard.
Full textAbstract:
The original objectives of the approved proposal included: (a) The determination of species- and tissue-specificity of the PBAN-R; (b) the elucidation of the role of juvenile hormone in gene regulation of the PBAN-R; (c) the identificationof the ligand binding domains in the PBAN-R and (d) the development of efficient screening assays in order to screen potential antagonists that will block the PBAN-R. Background to the topic: Moths constitute one of the major groups of pest insects in agriculture and their reproductive behavior is dependent on chemical communication. Sex-pheromone blends are utilised by a variety of moth species to attract conspecific mates. In most of the moth species sex-pheromone biosynthesis is under circadian control by the neurohormone, PBAN (pheromone-biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide). In order to devise ideal strategies for mating disruption/prevention, we proposed to study the interactions between PBAN and its membrane-bound receptor in order to devise potential antagonists. Major conclusions: Within the framework of the planned objectives we have confirmed the similarities between the two Helicoverpa species: armigera and zea. Receptor sequences of the two Helicoverpa spp. are 98% identical with most changes taking place in the C-terminal. Our findings indicate that PBAN or PBAN-like receptors are also present in the neural tissues and may represent a neurotransmitter-like function for PBAN-like peptides. Surprisingly the gene encoding the PBAN-receptor was also present in the male homologous tissue, but it is absent at the protein level. The presence of the receptor (at the gene- and protein-levels), and the subsequent pheromonotropic activity are age-dependent and up-regulated by Juvenile Hormone in pharate females but down-regulated by Juvenile Hormone in adult females. Lower levels of pheromonotropic activity were observed when challenged with pyrokinin-like peptides than with HezPBAN as ligand. A model of the 3D structure of the receptor was created using the X-ray structure of rhodopsin as a template after sequence alignment of the HezPBAN-R with several other GPCRs and computer simulated docking with the model predicted putative binding sites. Using in silico mutagenesis the predicted docking model was validated with experimental data obtained from expressed chimera receptors in Sf9 cells created by exchanging between the three extracellular loops of the HezPBAN-R and the Drosophila Pyrokinin-R (CG9918). The chimera receptors also indicated that the 3ʳᵈ extracellular loop is important for recognition of PBAN or Diapause hormone ligands. Implications: The project has successfully completed all the objectives and we are now in a position to be able to design and screen potential antagonists for pheromone production. The successful docking simulation-experiments encourage the use of in silico experiments for initial (high-throughput) screening of potential antagonists. However, the differential responses between the expressed receptor (Sf9 cells) and the endogenous receptor (pheromone glands) emphasize the importance of assaying lead compounds using several alternative bioassays (at the cellular, tissue and organism levels). The surprising discovery of the presence of the gene encoding the PBAN-R in the male homologous tissue, but its absence at the protein level, launches opportunities for studying molecular regulation pathways and the evolution of these GPCRs. Overall this research will advance research towards the goal of finding antagonists for this important class of receptors that might encompass a variety of essential insect functions.
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Evans, Donald L., Avigdor Eldar, Liliana Jaso-Friedmann, and Herve Bercovier. Streptococcus Iniae Infection in Trout and Tilapia: Host-Pathogen Interactions, the Immune Response Towards the Pathogen and Vaccine Formulation. United States Department of Agriculture, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586538.bard.
Full textAbstract:
The objectives of the BARD proposal were to determine the mechanisms of nonspecific cytotoxic cells (NCC) that are necessary to provide heightened innate resistance to infection and to identify the antigenic determinants in Streptococcus iniae that are best suited for vaccine development. Our central hypothesis was that anti-bacterial immunity in trout and tilapia can only be acquired by combining "innate" NCC responses with antibody responses to polysaccharide antigens. These Objectives were accomplished by experiments delineated by the following Specific Aims: Specific aim (SA) #1 (USA) "Clone and Identify the Apoptosis Regulatory Genes in NCC"; Specific aim #2 (USA)"Identify Regulatory Factors that Control NCC Responses to S. iniae"; Specific aim #3 (Israel) "Characterize the Biological Properties of the S. iniae Capsular Polysaccharide"; and Specific aim #4 (Israel) "Development of an Acellular Vaccine". Our model of S. iniae pathogenesis encompassed two approaches, identify apoptosis regulatory genes and proteins in tilapia that affected NCC activities (USA group) and determine the participation of S.iniae capsular polysaccharides as potential immunogens for the development of an acellular vaccine (Israel group). We previously established that it was possible to immunize tilapia and trout against experimental S. difficile/iniaeinfections. However these studies indicated that antibody responses in protected fish were short lived (3-4 months). Thus available vaccines were useful for short-term protection only. To address the issues of regulation of pathogenesis and immunogens of S. iniae, we have emphasized the role of the innate immune response regarding activation of NCC and mechanisms of invasiveness. Considerable progress was made toward accomplishing SA #1. We have cloned the cDNA of the following tilapia genes: cellular apoptosis susceptibility (CAS/AF547173»; tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF / A Y 428948); and nascent polypeptide-associated complex alpha polypeptide (NACA/ A Y168640). Similar attempts were made to sequence the tilapia FasLgene/cDNA, however these experiments were not successful. Aim #2 was to "Identify Regulatory Factors that Control NCC Responses to S. iniae." To accomplish this, a new membrane receptor has been identified that may control innate responses (including apoptosis) of NCC to S. iniae. The receptor is a membrane protein on teleost NCC. This protein (NCC cationic antimicrobial protein-1/ncamp-1/AAQ99138) has been sequenced and the cDNA cloned (A Y324398). In recombinant form, ncamp-l kills S. iniae in vitro. Specific aim 3 ("Characterize the Biological Properties of the S.iniae Capsular Polysaccharide") utilized an in- vitro model using rainbow trout primary skin epithelial cell mono layers. These experiments demonstrated colonization into epithelial cells followed by a rapid decline of viable intracellular bacteria and translocation out of the cell. This pathogenesis model suggested that the bacterium escapes the endosome and translocates through the rainbow trout skin barrier to further invade and infect the host. Specific aim #4 ("Development of an Acellular Vaccine") was not specifically addressed. These studies demonstrated that several different apoptotic regulatory genes/proteins are expressed by tilapia NCC. These are the first studies demonstrating that such factors exist in tilapia. Because tilapia NCC bind to and are activated by S. iniae bacterial DNA, we predict that the apoptotic regulatory activity of S. iniae previously demonstrated by our group may be associated with innate antibacterial responses in tilapia.
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Kiv, Arnold E., Vladyslav V. Bilous, Dmytro M. Bodnenko, Dmytro V. Horbatovskyi, Oksana S. Lytvyn, and Volodymyr V. Proshkin. The development and use of mobile app AR Physics in physics teaching at the university. [б. в.], 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4629.
Full textAbstract:
This paper outlines the importance of using Augmented Reality (AR) in physics education at the university as a valuable tool for visualization and increasing the attention and motivation of students to study, solving educational problems related to future professional activities, improving the interaction of teachers and students. Provided an analysis of the types of AR technology and software for developing AR apps. The sequences of actions for developing the mobile application AR Physics in the study of topics: “Direct electronic current”, “Fundamentals of the theory of electronic circuits”. The software tools for mobile application development (Android Studio, SDK, NDK, Google Sceneform, 3Ds MAX, Core Animation, Asset Media Recorder, Ashampoo Music Studio, Google Translate Plugin) are described. The bank of 3D models of elements of electrical circuits (sources of current, consumers, measuring devices, conductors) is created. Because of the students’ and teachers’ surveys, the advantages and disadvantages of using AR in the teaching process are discussed. Mann-Whitney U-test proved the effectiveness of the use of AR for laboratory works in physics by students majoring in “Mathematics”, “Computer Science”, and “Cybersecurity”.
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Burns, Malcom, and Gavin Nixon. Literature review on analytical methods for the detection of precision bred products. Food Standards Agency, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ney927.
Full textAbstract:
The Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act (England) aims to develop a science-based process for the regulation and authorisation of precision bred organisms (PBOs). PBOs are created by genetic technologies but exhibit changes which could have occurred through traditional processes. This current review, commissioned by the Food Standards Agency (FSA), aims to clarify existing terminologies, explore viable methods for the detection, identification, and quantification of products of precision breeding techniques, address and identify potential solutions to the analytical challenges presented, and provide recommendations for working towards an infrastructure to support detection of precision bred products in the future. The review includes a summary of the terminology in relation to analytical approaches for detection of precision bred products. A harmonised set of terminology contributes towards promoting further understanding of the common terms used in genome editing. A review of the current state of the art of potential methods for the detection, identification and quantification of precision bred products in the UK, has been provided. Parallels are drawn with the evolution of synergistic analytical approaches for the detection of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), where molecular biology techniques are used to detect DNA sequence changes in an organism’s genome. The scope and limitations of targeted and untargeted methods are summarised. Current scientific opinion supports that modern molecular biology techniques (i.e., quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), digital PCR (dPCR) and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)) have the technical capability to detect small alterations in an organism’s genome, given specific prerequisites of a priori information on the DNA sequence of interest and of the associated flanking regions. These techniques also provide the best infra-structure for developing potential approaches for detection of PBOs. Should sufficient information be known regarding a sequence alteration and confidence can be attributed to this being specific to a PBO line, then detection, identification and quantification can potentially be achieved. Genome editing and new mutagenesis techniques are umbrella terms, incorporating a plethora of approaches with diverse modes of action and resultant mutational changes. Generalisations regarding techniques and methods for detection for all PBO products are not appropriate, and each genome edited product may have to be assessed on a case-by-case basis. The application of modern molecular biology techniques, in isolation and by targeting just a single alteration, are unlikely to provide unequivocal evidence to the source of that variation, be that as a result of precision breeding or as a result of traditional processes. In specific instances, detection and identification may be technically possible, if enough additional information is available in order to prove that a DNA sequence or sequences are unique to a specific genome edited line (e.g., following certain types of Site-Directed Nucelase-3 (SDN-3) based approaches). The scope, gaps, and limitations associated with traceability of PBO products were examined, to identify current and future challenges. Alongside these, recommendations were made to provide the infrastructure for working towards a toolkit for the design, development and implementation of analytical methods for detection of PBO products. Recognition is given that fully effective methods for PBO detection have yet to be realised, so these recommendations have been made as a tool for progressing the current state-of-the-art for research into such methods. Recommendations for the following five main challenges were identified. Firstly, PBOs submitted for authorisation should be assessed on a case-by-case basis in terms of the extent, type and number of genetic changes, to make an informed decision on the likelihood of a molecular biology method being developed for unequivocal identification of that specific PBO. The second recommendation is that a specialist review be conducted, potentially informed by UK and EU governmental departments, to monitor those PBOs destined for the authorisation process, and actively assess the extent of the genetic variability and mutations, to make an informed decision on the type and complexity of detection methods that need to be developed. This could be further informed as part of the authorisation process and augmented via a publicly available register or database. Thirdly, further specialist research and development, allied with laboratory-based evidence, is required to evaluate the potential of using a weight of evidence approach for the design and development of detection methods for PBOs. This concept centres on using other indicators, aside from the single mutation of interest, to increase the likelihood of providing a unique signature or footprint. This includes consideration of the genetic background, flanking regions, off-target mutations, potential CRISPR/Cas activity, feasibility of heritable epigenetic and epitranscriptomic changes, as well as supplementary material from supplier, origin, pedigree and other documentation. Fourthly, additional work is recommended, evaluating the extent/type/nature of the genetic changes, and assessing the feasibility of applying threshold limits associated with these genetic changes to make any distinction on how they may have occurred. Such a probabilistic approach, supported with bioinformatics, to determine the likelihood of particular changes occurring through genome editing or traditional processes, could facilitate rapid classification and pragmatic labelling of products and organisms containing specific mutations more readily. Finally, several scientific publications on detection of genome edited products have been based on theoretical principles. It is recommended to further qualify these using evidenced based practical experimental work in the laboratory environment. Additional challenges and recommendations regarding the design, development and implementation of potential detection methods were also identified. Modern molecular biology-based techniques, inclusive of qPCR, dPCR, and NGS, in combination with appropriate bioinformatics pipelines, continue to offer the best analytical potential for developing methods for detecting PBOs. dPCR and NGS may offer the best technical potential, but qPCR remains the most practicable option as it is embedded in most analytical laboratories. Traditional screening approaches, similar to those for conventional transgenic GMOs, cannot easily be used for PBOs due to the deficit in common control elements incorporated into the host genome. However, some limited screening may be appropriate for PBOs as part of a triage system, should a priori information be known regarding the sequences of interest. The current deficit of suitable methods to detect and identify PBOs precludes accurate PBO quantification. Development of suitable reference materials to aid in the traceability of PBOs remains an issue, particularly for those PBOs which house on- and off-target mutations which can segregate. Off-target mutations may provide an additional tool to augment methods for detection, but unless these exhibit complete genetic linkage to the sequence of interest, these can also segregate out in resulting generations. Further research should be conducted regarding the likelihood of multiple mutations segregating out in a PBO, to help inform the development of appropriate PBO reference materials, as well as the potential of using off-target mutations as an additional tool for PBO traceability. Whilst recognising the technical challenges of developing and maintaining pan-genomic databases, this report recommends that the UK continues to consider development of such a resource, either as a UK centric version, or ideally through engagement in parallel EU and international activities to better achieve harmonisation and shared responsibilities. Such databases would be an invaluable resource in the design of reliable detection methods, as well as for confirming that a mutation is as a result of genome editing. PBOs and their products show great potential within the agri-food sector, necessitating a science-based analytical framework to support UK legislation, business and consumers. Differentiating between PBOs generated through genome editing compared to organisms which exhibit the same mutational change through traditional processes remains analytically challenging, but a broad set of diagnostic technologies (e.g., qPCR, NGS, dPCR) coupled with pan-genomic databases and bioinformatics approaches may help contribute to filling this analytical gap, and support the safety, transparency, proportionality, traceability and consumer confidence associated with the UK food chain.
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Yaron, Zvi, Abigail Elizur, Martin Schreibman, and Yonathan Zohar. Advancing Puberty in the Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) and the Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis). United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695841.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Both the genes and cDNA sequences encoding the b-subunits of black carp LH and FSH were isolated, cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis of the bcFSHb and LHb5'flanking regions revealed that the promoter region of both genes contains canonical TATA sequences, 30 bp and 17 bp upstream of the transcription start site of FSHb and LHb genes, respectively. In addition, they include several sequences of cis-acting motifs, required for inducible and tissue-specific transcriptional regulation: the gonadotropin-specific element (GSE), GnRH responsive element (GRE), half sites of estrogen and androgen response elements, cAMP response element, and AP1. Several methods have been employed by the Israeli team to purify the recombinant b subunits (EtOH precipitation, gel filtration and lentil lectin). While the final objective to produce pure recombinantGtH subunits has not yet been achieved, we have covered much ground towards this goal. The black carp ovary showed a gradual increase in both mass and oocyte diameter. First postvitellogenic oocytes were found in 5 yr old fish. At this age, the testes already contained spermatozoa. The circulating LH levels increased from 0.5 ng/ml in 4 yr old fish to >5ng/ml in 5 yr old fish. In vivo challenge experiments in black carp showed the initial LH response of the pituitary to GnRH in 4 yr old fish. The response was further augmented in 5 yr old fish. The increase in estradiol level in response to gonadotropic stimulation was first noted in 4 yr old fish but this response was much stronger in the following year. In vivo experiments on the FSHb and LHb mRNA levels in response to GnRH were carried out on common carp as a model for synchronom spawning cyprinids. These experiments showed the prevalence of FSHP in maturing fish while LHP mRNA was prevalent in mature fish, especially in females. The gonadal fat-pad was found to originate from the retroperitoneal mesoderm and not from the genital ridge, thus differing from that reported in certain amphibians This tissue possibly serves as the major source of sex steroids in the immature black carp. However, such a function is taken over by the developing gonads in 4 yr old fish. In the striped bass, we described the ontogeny of the neuro-endocrine parameters along the brain-pituitary-gonadal axis during the first four years of life, throughout gonadal development and the onset of puberty. We also described the responsiveness of the reproductive axis to long-term hormonal manipulations at various stages of gonadal development. Most males reached complete sexual maturity during the first year of life. Puberty was initiated during the third year of life in most females, but this first reproductive cycle did not lead to the acquisition of full sexual maturity. This finding indicates that more than one reproductive cycle may be required before adulthood is reached. Out of the three native GnRHs present in striped bass, only sbGnRH and cGnRH II increased concomitantly with the progress of gonadal development and the onset of puberty. This finding, together with data on GtH synthesis and release, suggests that while sbGnRH and cGnRH II may be involved in the regulation of puberty in striped bass, these neuropeptides are not limiting factors to the onset of puberty. Plasma LH levels remained low in all fish, suggesting that LH plays only a minor role in early gonadal development. This hypothesis was further supported by the finding that experimentally elevated plasma LH levels did not result in the induction of complete ovarian and testicular development. The acquisition of complete puberty in 4 yr old females was associated with a rise in the mRNA levels of all GtH subunit genes, including a 218-fold increase in the mRNA levels of bFSH. mRNA levels of the a and PLH subunits increased only 11- and 8-fold, respectively. Although data on plasma FSH levels are unavailable, the dramatic increase in bFSH mRNA suggests a pivotal role for this hormone in regulating the onset and completion of puberty in striped bass. The hormonal regulation of the onset of puberty and of GtH synthesis and release was studied by chronic administration of testosterone (T) and/or an analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (G). Sustained administration of T+G increased the mRNA levels of the PLH subunit to the values characteristic of sexually mature fish, and also increased the plasma levels of LH. However, these changes did not result in the acceleration of sexual maturation. The mRNA levels of the bFSH subunit were slightly stimulated, but remained about 1/10 of the values characteristic of sexually mature fish. It is concluded that the stimulation of FSH gene expression and release does not lead to the acceleration of sexual maturity, and that the failure to sufficiently stimulate the bFSH subunit gene expression may underlie the inability of the treatments to advance sexual maturity. Consequently, FSH is suggested to be the key hormone to the initiation and completion of puberty in striped bass. Future efforts to induce precocious puberty in striped bass should focus on understanding the regulation of FSH synthesis and release and on developing technologies to induce these processes. Definite formulation of hormonal manipulation to advance puberty in the striped bass and the black carp seems to be premature at this stage. However, the project has already yielded a great number of experimental tools of DNA technology, slow-release systems and endocrine information on the process of puberty. These systems and certain protocols have been already utilized successfully to advance maturation in other fish (e.g. grey mullet) and will form a base for further study on fish puberty.
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Grumet, R., J. Burger, Y. Tadmor, et al. Cucumis fruit surface biology: Genetic analysis of fruit exocarp features in melon (C. melo) and cucumber (C. sativus). United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2020.8134155.bard.
Full textAbstract:
The fruit surface (exocarp) is a unique tissue with multiple roles influencing fruit growth and development, disease susceptibility, crop yield, post-harvest treatments, shipping and storage quality, and food safety. Furthermore, highly visible exocarp traits are the consumer's first exposure to the fruit, serving to identify fruit type, variety, attractiveness, and market value. Cucurbit fruit, including the closely related Cucumis species, melon (C. melo) and cucumber (C. sativus), exhibit tremendous diversity for fruit surface properties that are not present in model species. In this project, we identified genetic factors influencing Cucumis fruit surface morphology with respect to important quality determinants such as exocarp and flesh color, cuticle deposition, and surface netting. We employed a combination of approaches including: genome-wide association studies (GWAS) utilizing an extensive melon population and the U.S. Plant Introduction (PI) collection for cucumber to identify genomic regions associated with natural variation in fruit surface traits; bulked segregant RNA-seq (BSR-seq) analysis of bi-parental F2:3 or RIL (recombinant inbred line) populations to genomic regions and candidate genes segregating for fruit surface traits; and comparison of syntenic genomic regions and identification of homologous candidate genes. Candidate genes were examined for sequence and/or expression differences during fruit development that correspond with phenotypic differences. Primary outcomes of the work included identification of candidate genes influencing cuticle deposition, epidermal cell structure, surface netting, and intensity of rind and flesh color. Parallel studies identified mutations within the cucumber and melon homologs of the transcription factor WIN1 (WAX INDUCER1) as a significant factor influencing these surface properties. Additional QTL (quantitative trait loci) were identified in both species, and candidate genes in melon include a novel beta-glucosidase involved in lignin production and an integral membrane protein potentially involved in cuticle metabolism. Genetic resources and biochemical approaches have been developed to study cuticle and wax deposition in both species: segregating populations of melon were developed and sequenced for bulked segregant analysis and samples collected for metabolic analysis; an isolation procedure was developed for lipid droplets from cucumber peel and metabolomic analyses have been initiated. Genetic studies in melon identified mutations in a candidate gene (APRR2), associated with light immature rind, and further indicated that this gene is also associated with color intensity of both mature rinds and flesh, making it a good target for breeding. GWAS studies utilizing the cucumber core diversity population are being performed to identify additional sources of variation for fruit surface properties, map QTL, and examine for synteny with melon. Collectively these studies identified genetic regions associated with important quality traits and contributed to our understanding of underlying biological processes associated with fruit surface development. Knowledge of genetic control of these characteristics can facilitate more efficient breeding for important fruit surface traits.