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Academic literature on the topic 'Développement économique – Aspect environnemental Guatemala'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Développement économique – Aspect environnemental Guatemala"
Valenzuela, de Pisano Ileana. "Elements pour une strategie d'ecodeveloppement agroforestier au guatemala." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0013.
Full textAgricultural expansion and deforestation are complex processes. They are interlinked with different political, economic and social factors at local, national and interna- tional levels. This thesis is a preliminary and not exhastive attempt to analyse these problems in a global and systemic perspective. It studies one local case in peten guatemala, demostrating how agricultural modernization, tropical forest colonization and exportation led-growth have not been historically, the right answers to guatemalan forest development. On the contrary, they have given rise to poverty, violence and environmental degradation all over the country. Following the ecodevelopment principles the thesis proposes some elements of an agroforestry strategy to stop agricultural expansin and tropical forest deforestation. This strategy cant bi an up-down directional model. It has to articulate the global paradigme with democratic decision making at regional and local levels. It has also to coordinate social development with environmental items, promoting the political, institutional and technological changes needed for a sustainable forest development to exist. Finally, the thesis comes to the conclusion that only the peoples's participation and organization would allow a pressure strong enough over the different institutions and governements so as to make them to start implementing these changes. The thesis has four chapters, the firs studies the mains agricultural policies since the 1950s and their influence on the forest and on the living conditions of the rural people. It shows also, briefly, how the united state's agricultural policies had in, fluenced the guatemalan agricultural policies. The second chapter analyzes the agroforestry systems as a possible tool for building a sustainable forest development. The third sudies peten, inorder to undersatnd how the national agricultural policies have influenced the local development. Finally in the conclusions, the thesis proposes some elements for an agroforestry ecodevelopment strategy in guatemala
Nguyen, Van Phu. "Croissance économique et environnement." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR1EC03.
Full textChevé, Morgane. "L'adéquation des choix économiques aux contraintes écologiques : optimalité et durabilité de la croissance d'une économie polluante." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010004.
Full textVerchère, Alban. "Essais sur le lien entre développement durable et équité intergénérationnelle : une approche par la modélisation." Strasbourg 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR1EC08.
Full textThe matter of durability of the economic and human development with limited resources and fragile environment appears at least as old as Economic Science. It took since the Eighties and the dissipation of the less founded fears related to the exhaustion of resources, an environmental dimension through the concept of sustainable development. It says that development "must meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" Brundtland Commission (1987). From a theoretical point of view, it appears that this definition returns in fact to two closely related but quite distinct concepts: sustainability on the one hand, and equity between generations of the other. However, these two concepts are often confounded in the literature, as well as one frequently associates their opposites, unsustainability and inequity. The reason lies in the fact that one appreciates the paths of development to the ell of their long term results, but without really wondering about the behavior of the generations which give them life : are the generation really iniquitous? The work exposed in this thesis, through four modeling essays, precisely aims at showing that there are unsustainable paths of development that cannot be described as inequitable, As well as it happens one reaches sustainable paths, without the possibility to qualify them as equitable. These conclusions finally lead to reinvest the question of the ethical base of the interventions in favor of the future in the event of unsustainable but equitable paths of development. Namely, if these paths lead to unsustainability but without it being possible to say if they violate intergenerational equity as that can appear when one introduces intergenerational altruism for example , which principle can provide an alternative to equity between generations to legitimate the actions in favor of the future?
Prieur, Fabien. "Croissance et environnement dans le modèle à générations imbriquées : analyse dynamique et évaluations des politiques publiques." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX24005.
Full textIn this study, we deal with topical environmental issues by having recourse to the overlapping generations model of growth. First, our purpose is to recognize that the recovery process of nature is finite and vanishes beyond a critical threshold of damage. Considering the potential irreversibility of pollution implies that the development process can drive the polluting economy to a poverty trap. Moreover, the theoretical explanations of the environmental Kuznets curve are seriously challenged since the private agent’s investment in abatement fails to promote sustainable growth. Then, we show that regulating pollution with permits is an effective policy, provided that some precise rules concerning the choice of the global quota on emissions are respected, from the view point of its ability to protect the economy against the convergence toward a poverty trap. Once we have set conditions excluding traps, we also prove that environmental policy does not necessarily mean a slackening in growth. Its reinforcement can even produce a double dividend. Finally, we address the issue of the definition of the emission quota. We assume that the economy’s commitment in pollution control goes through the setting exogenous quota. When the permits system is too latitudinarian, it is possible to exceed the rigidity imposed by the quota and to achieve the social optimum by implementing a policy consisting in the segmentation of the permits market
Le, Bot Jean-Michel. "Du développement durable au bien public : responsabilité et légitimité en question : à partir des cas de la Bretagne et de la Russie." Rennes 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN20003.
Full textRecognising the relevance of the concept of sustainable development as a political reference, the author can hardly conceive it as a scientific concept. He prefers the concept of public good, of which as precise a definition as possible is given. He starts by examining two cases : Russia and Brittany. In Russia, can the ecologist movement, together with the desire for change which became apparent from the mid-80s, contribute in overcoming the ecological and sanitary consequences of the soviet industrial development, combining productivism and totalitarianism ? In Brittany, a productivist agricultural system is now being criticised because of its pollutant effects, whereas there are recognised alternative methods : organic farming, sustainable development plans, etc. Their supporters show that it is possible to produce otherwise, combining economic viability, ecological security and social acceptability. But does this clarify the real issues of these alternatives ? Analysing the practices demands the intervention of a theoretical model allowing for an identification of rationalities which formalise these practices. This model, which allows the question of environment and economic rationality to be dealt in a new way, is studied in the second part. A third part specifies how the study of Russian and Breton cases can enlighten fundamental problems. Don't the Russian post-soviet ecological crisis and the crisis of the Breton agricultural system, illustrate the limits of reference to economic rationality ? Doesn't contemporary reference to sustainable development constitute a reminder of a political principle of responsibility, as well as of an ethical principle of legitimacy ? How does the theoretical model used allow for a precise definition to be given of the concept of public good ? Finally, a certain similarity is shown between the crises concerning the professions of social workers and farming advisers. A redefinition of the profession of adviser is proposed
Nourry, Myriam. "Essais empiriques sur la relation entre la croissance économique et l'environnement." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT4021.
Full textThis research deals with the relationship between economic growth and the environment. The three empirical essays described in this work are based on the survey on the environmental Kuznets curve, presented in the first chapter. The second analyzes eight indicators of sustainable development and provides their numerical national assessments between 1990 and 2000. The comparison of trends from the varions measures shows French development was weakly sustainable, but unsustainable in the strong sense over the examined decade. The hypothesis of stochastic convergence for individual sulphur dioxide (SO2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) missions is tested empirically in the third chapter, over respectively 81 nations between 1950 and 1990 and 127 countries between 1950 and 2003. In this context, a recent, alternative econometric methodology, developed by Pesaran (2007), is applied. Empirical results from unit root and stationarity tests suggest a limited environmental convergence process, even between OECD countries. Building on Hausmann et al. (2005) article, the last chapter identifies episodes of CO2 missions growth acceleration and episodes of degrowth over a dataset composed of 124 economies from 1950 to 2004. Econometric methods of binary variables on panel data are used to find economic, demographic and institutional determinants of such trends. Given the low explanatory power of the significant variables, the empirical study suggests the triggering of acceleration and degrowth episodes remains highly unpredictable
Poisson, Christophe. "Le management environnemental : analyse transversale, approche dichotomique, implications conceptuelles, prospectives opérationnelles." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0031.
Full textDue to the increasing pressures being placed on the environment, firms and industries are being encouraged by all the socio-economic actors (government, consumers, shareholders, ecological's associations and the general public,. . . ) to modify their market's approach. The both desirable and inevitable inclusion of environmental factors into business will obviously also have an impact on corporate management policies. Because these factors touch all the variables in management. Some of them are synonymous of constraints due to costs : new technologies in production processes, risk management, human resources management,. . . The others are sources of opportunities : a good strategic environmental management policy and appropriated policies of the marketing-mix (product, communication, price, and distribution) can also reduce these costs and enhance market expediencies. An effective response to the environmental challenge requires both a global, sustainable and long term strategic management approach from firms and industries
Le, Pochat Stéphane. "Intégration de l'éco-conception dans les PME : proposition d'une méthode d'appropriation de savoir-fraire pour la conception environnementale des produits." Paris, ENSAM, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENAM0021.
Full textThe rising societal concerns about environmental issues result in particular in an increasing lawful pressure on the industrial world. The products from the consumer society are at the origin of the generalized phenomenon of degradation of the environment. For this reason, ecodesign represents for the companies the "natural" process to assume their role in the safeguarding of the resources and the environment. However, the european state of the art on ecodesign in the companies shows that the taking into account of the environmental constraints in the product design, although industrial reality, is still an emergent issue. Because of the volume of products they represent, and of the difficulties they have to integrate all new constraint that they do not consider strategic, SMEs must constitute a priority target for the integration of ecodesign. The problems of ecodesign integration in the companies find its origin, on the one hand in an environmental cultural gap, on the other hand in the fact that, the ecodesign tools having been developed apart from the industrial world, the organizational aspects of integration were not considered. We thus propose in this study an ecodesign integration method – the MAIECO method - allowing, through an organizational learning process, an organizational change management in the company, and aiming at the appropriation by this one of its own ecodesign approach. This method lies in particular on an original tool for environmental analysis of the products – the ATEP tool - allowing the participating members of the company to acquire the minimal basis of environmental knowledge during the analysis phase of the ecodesign process
Hervieux, Marie-Sophie. "Études empiriques de la courbe environnementale de Kuznets : une approche par l’empreinte écologique." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NANT4030.
Full textIn this thesis we examine the relationship between economic development and environment through the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. We use the ecological footprint (EF) as environmental degradation indicator. In the first part, we present the analytical framework, a detailed review of published studies according to selected environmental indicators and a detailed review of published studies on CO2 in 2012 and 2013 to provide a picture of the current domain. In a second part, we propose 3 empirical studies. A first study is devoted to the analysis of the relationship between GDP and EE through a time series analysis for seven Latin American countries from 1961 to 2007. The hypothesis of EKC is not supported for any country, and a linear relationship is rather detected for most of them. A long-term relationship is also detected for Brazil and Uruguay. A second study examine the relationship from 1971 to 2007 on a larger sample. We propose both consumption side and production side approaches and we add several explicative variables to our ARDL model. The EKC is supported for no one. For additional explicative variables, the results are mixed but consistent with what was expected. Finally, a third study provides a comparison of the EKC relationship based on three environmental indicators: CO2, SO2 and EE. The sample covers 15 (developed and developing) countries over the period 1961 - 1990. At the end of the econometric analysis, there is no evidence of an EKC but we note that economic growth has a stronger impact on EE than on CO2, and on SO2
Books on the topic "Développement économique – Aspect environnemental Guatemala"
Renner, Michael, Hilary French, Erik Assadourian, and Lori Brown. L'état de la planète, 2005: Redéfinir la sécurité mondiale : rapport de l'Institut Worldwatch sur le développement durable. Genève: Association L'état de la planète, 2005.
Find full textLes gros raflent la mise: À qui profitent les fonds publics à l'heure de la mondialisation. Lyon: Silence, 2002.
Find full textInternational Development Research Centre (Canada), ed. Pour l'amour de la terre: Rapport de la Commission sur les pays en développement et les changements de l'environnement planétaire. [Montréal]: Méridien / CRDI, 1992.
Find full textE, Rees William, ed. Notre empreinte écologique: Comment réduire les conséquences de l'activité humaine sur la Terre. Montréal: Éditions Écosociété, 1999.
Find full text(Editor), Edward Cohen-Rosenthal, and Judy Musnikow (Editor), eds. Eco-industrial Strategies: Unleashing Synergy Between Economic Development and the Environment. Greenleaf Pubns, 2003.
Find full textEco-industrial strategies: Unleashing synergy between economic development and the environment. Sheffield: Greenleaf, 2003.
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