Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Développement humain – Afrique centrale'
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Ndongo, Hervé Pascal. "Microfinance et développement des pays de la communauté économique et monétaire de l'Afrique centrale (CEMAC)." Bordeaux 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR40020.
Full textSince many decades, micro-finance institutions respond to permanent needs of populations left out of formal banking systems. They became indispensable partners of social and economic development by adapting themselves to permanent population needs. The proof is the consecration by the United Nations General Assembly of the year 2005 "International Year of Micro credit" to honor the contribution of micro credit in alleviating poverty and that of Peace Price Nobel 2006, Professor MUHAMMAD Yunus, the Grameen Bank founder. The object of the present research is exactly to assess the impact of micro-credit in financing developing countries growth, particulary those of CAMEC area, by using techniques of statistical treatment data's, especially principal components analysis. It enlighten micro-finance problem by : the typology of micro-finance institutions ; financial flows of public aid to development compared to those of micro-finance institutions ; the nature of risk face micro-finance institutions. In others words, the fundamental question of our work are : does the micro-finance constitute a factor of development in the CAMEC zone ? What is it veritable contribution in the fight against poverty in that zone ?
Soh, Fogno Denis Roger. "Développement et protection de l'environnement en Afrique centrale." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT4010.
Full textThe independence did not only permit poor Central Africa countries to engage themselves with their developmental problems, but also placed them in a situation of making heroic efforts to be developed like first world countries to the detriment of their environment, or to anticipate the future by taking into consideration the protection of nature in their developmental policies and techniques. The choice to be developed by all means seemed to have been adopted by all the states. Serious obstacles led to the need for these countries to constitute themselves in sub-regions. The endeavour for regional grouping gave rise to mitigated and even deceitful results. At the institutional as well as international co-operation domains, the aspirations of the members had been weakened due to the neo-colonialism and the lack of seriousness of some actors and institutions. Development, which was preached by all, became a simple assumption. A serious step forward was realised in 72, and re-enforced in 92, which could be considered as the peak of the re-orientation. Having been resistant for a very long-time, Central Africe States have seen the need to rescue nature, which had for long been disregarded, opset and even sacrificed for the sake of development. Henceforth, for disability to be achieved, attempts should be made to reconcile environment and development, to obtain "sustainable" development. To achieve this, obstacles new and old must be overcome. Energies should be put in proper use and all actors should be implicated. The conception and achievement of durable development fashioned for Africa can only be realised by making use of "African genius"
Taty, Alain. "La contribution de la Banque européenne d' investissement au développement économique et industriel de l' Afrique centrale noire francophone." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10020.
Full textThe European Bank finances projects and programmes in Central African States. The purpose of our research-study is to explore the legal regime of technics set up by EIB and politics used in Central Africa
Badji, Samia. "Investissement en capital humain en Afrique subsaharienne." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CERG0710.
Full textConnétable, Sophie. "Stratégies de développement et de défense chez deux espèces de termites sympatriques : Pseudacanthotermes spiniger et P. militaris (Isoptera, Termitidae, Macrotermitinae)." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOS016.
Full textPinta, François. "Développement méthodologique pour la valorisation bois d'oeuvre d'une ressource forestière donnée : développement d'un outil d'aide à la décision et étude de cas au Cameroun." Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10175.
Full textLembe, Aline-Joëlle. "Pêches maritimes et développement durable dans les états côtiers d'Afrique centrale : des dysfonctionnements à l'exploitation durable des ressources halieutiques." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT3011.
Full textThe aim of this research was to study the maritime fishing in the coastal central african states from the angle of sustainable development. In this viewpoint, the research used a work of observation and of surveys especially thanks to interviews to draw up a diagnosis of the state of fishing in a context marked by important halieutic potentials although the landscape remains not very glossy. Indeed, the area is marked by numerous operational and organizational problems. Problems that materialize among others by proven under-equipped materials, insufficient involvement of political decision-makers, low incomes and to some extent, the lack of coordination between the various entities that reflect the relative vitality of the sector. Through case studies : Sao Tome (Sao Tome and Principe), Komo estuary (Gabon) and Youpwé (Cameroon), the research also enabled to assess the existing environmental risks due to the practices and uses of fishing gears which are dangerous for the marine ecosystems. Moeover, thanks to these case studies, the concept of sustainable development has been questioned in the context and in the sector we refers too. It was about a kind of probation of the concept. And some maladaptation of the international orientations appears clearly, in the context of coastal central africain states due to specific realities which are not taken into account in the international level. In fact, this probation underlines all the difficulty that exists to tie up the popularisation of "right practices" as far as fishing are concerned and the satisfaction of the primary need of food, which is essential to the survival of the players themselves, in a context where food security remains &almost an illusion. So, this analysis tempts to a replacement of the approaches. That the reason why, the study suggests to consider (again) the sustainable development issue in the maritime area by integrating the concept of territory. Actually, it is about conceptualise or consider the layout of halieutic territories and not only about the fishing activity only. All the related activities such as offshore, the maritime transport, tourism, have to be integrated to the analysis. All in all, this study, by questioning the sustainability of the maritime fishing, fuels and repeats a longstanding debate in human geography : that of the relationship between man and environment
Mamadou, Asngar Thierry. "Mobilisation de l'épargne financière et réformes des systèmes financiers dans les pays de la communauté économique et monétaire de l'Afrique centrale (CEMAC)." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE0047.
Full textBeumeu, Emmanuel. "Systèmes financiers et développement : mobilisation des ressources dans les pays de la zone franc (cas des pays B.E.A.C.)." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUEL302.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to detect the role played by the financial systems in the economic development. Just after the independencies, the whole French-speaking countries of Black Africa were concerned by the mobilization of the resources which had to allow them to finance the economic activities. The creation or the transformation of a certain number of financial institutions were previoused for this way. More than thirty years after, the social and economic situation (stagnant growth, decrease of the tax revenues, political disorder and the virtually bankruptcy of banking sectors) suppose a profund failure of the strategies which were set up. The reform of the financial circulations seems to be one of the substancial features of the depression which affects the countries of the B. E. A. C. Zone, as well as the process of transformation of the economic scene which has been settled by these countries. The process aims at increasing the domestic resources and above all at improving the efficiency of investments. In this context, we have considered important to adopt a global vision which go beyond the scope of the financial system. This vision consists in analysing the environment in which the financial middlemen interfere. Indeed, the financial reforms must be included in a global process. We principally contributed to prove that the absence of industrialization of these countries was not necessarily linked to a lack of funds, as we usually think, but more to a inadequate management, based upon the principle of « the government by the privileged people », that we can find within economic sectors and administrations. So, we have drawn up some measures, without claiming that we found the miracle solution that would get these countries out of depression
Koté, Lassina. "Naissance et développement des économies de production en Afrique Centrale : formulation d'un modèle archéologique en terre incognita." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100102.
Full textIt was in 1966 when Bayle des Hermes discovered the batalimo neolithic site in the Central African Republic. Since then, few datas have broaded our knowledge about that important evidence of the ubanguian neolithic. We began this investigation with the aim of contributing to filling this deficiency and, furthermore, of analysing the best ways to optimize the information from these datas which are considered as the demonstrations of social and cultural dynamics. In that perspective, we postulate that the setting up and preservation of any cultural system need a territory, technical means and social structures. So, a quite difficult survey in a rainfall forest environment round batalimo has allowed us to find out some 15 sites on the lobaye banks, and near the lesse shore, as well as to discuss about the spatial organisation and occupation of this area. When we excavated some sites (Batalimo, Eyo, Bobele II)
Ogandaga, Ndiaye Gilles. "La Banque mondiale et la protection de l'environnement en Afrique centrale." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE0025.
Full textCentral Africa is an area confronted with an interference of most alarming evils as regards development. Lower economic activity, crisis of the structures of development, poverty of the population, to which are added an overexploitation of the natural resources. This crisis to reorientate the action of many organisations of development towards a taking into account of environmental problems in their strategies of development. Thus it of the World bank is. The aim of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the interventions of the World bank in the field of environmental protection in Central Africa. It comes out from this study that, although the prime objective of this institution is not environmental protection, environmental problems are now located at the heart of the strategy of development of the World bank. That results in the increase in the wallet of projects allocated with the environmental protection, then by the development of tools intended for the management of the environment and the promotion of sustainable development
Chouaïbou, Mfenjou Modeste. "L' Afrique à l'épreuve du développement durable : la conciliation du progrès économique, de la protection de l'environnement et du développement humain." Reims, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REIMD008.
Full textThe unforeseeable consequences of pollution (reheating of the glaciers, flood, crumbling of the layer of ozone, rise in the level of the oceans) due to the growth of the discharge of gases, of the deforestationsupported the emergence of the concept of the sustainable development. Behind this setting in danger of planet, economic progress must not only seek the satisfaction of the needs present, but integrate the concerns of the future generations. The safeguard of this solidarity over generations requires a common action ; if not the efforts of the ones (protectors) will be cancelled by the laxity of the others (pollutants). Already weakened by poverty, the conflicts, the famine, the desertification, Africa is not requested than the other areas of the world. Accounting for 2% of the world trade, Africa under structural adjustment adopted liberalism and its States complete the process of privatisation of the public companies. But, that it is of the space representation, land management, agriculture, justice, education or the governance, the African Culture reconciles with difficulty its traditions with modernity. If creation, the promotion and natural and human stock management are hardly satisfactory in Africa, it is because the process of the development is put at evil by exogenous and endogenous obstacles. On the other hand, the inventiveness of the populations, only pledge of their survival, awaits an international support for the measurement of the challenge of the African rebirth in development. But, the Occident does not seize enough that in a world without border, solidarity is the well shared interest for, if Africa continues to endure such lamentable deprivations, it will hardly be in safety in its opulence
Demba, René-Charles. "L'harmonisation des plans de développement des pays de l'Union douanière et économique en Afrique centrale." Rouen, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985ROUELDEM.
Full textGuichaoua, André. "Destins paysans et politiques agraires en Afrique centrale." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010686.
Full textObambi-Itoua, Alphonse. "Système congolais de transport et intégration économique en Afrique Centrale." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ENPC9331.
Full textYondou, Serge Willy. "L'UNESCO et la communication dans les pays en développement : le cas de l'Afrique centrale." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30042.
Full textNgouhouo, Ibrahim. "Les investissements directs étrangers en Afrique centrale : attractivité et effets économiques." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00274376.
Full textN’Gapele, Coulibaly Martin. "Mesure des effets de la formation sur l'évolution économique et sociale de l’Afrique centrale." Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090001.
Full textThe effect of the quantitative analysis of information on economic and social evolution of Central Africa gives us the technological strategic of economical development of these countries which are mixed up in under developing countries. The most frail of time is making up lost time and wrest from economic structure from the waning. The exist economical structure destroyed by the aberration of management of the unskilled persons into are deficient of knowledge. Now it is necessary to educate the people with proper knowledge which will be useful for the country and this can take off these countries in a bright way within a very short time
Meyong, Abath Roger. "L'harmonisation fiscale en zone CEMAC." Paris 9, 2010. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2010PA090025.
Full textMahamat-Idriss, Hassan. "Création et développement des entreprises en Afrique : cas du Cameroun et du Tchad." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2010_out_mahamat_idriss_h.pdf.
Full textThe company is the motor of growth and economic development. The entrepreneur is its builder. He contributes to the creation of, riches, jobs and guarantees the social cohesion. Industrialized nations have proved that the wealth is acquired through creation, imagination and innovation which are the virtues of the entrepreneur. Our thesis reveals the obstacles which prevent the creation and the development of companies in Africa, particularly in the CEMAC zone. It also presents perspectives to fight against the failures of the financial and banking systems which are expressed by a financial excess liquidity, a weakness of the investment environment and an asymmetry of information about companies. These failures constitute the main explicative factors of the high cost of credit for VSE (Very Small Enterprise) and SME (Small and Medium-sized Enterprise) which creates a climate of mistrust in business. Such constraints concerning informal economy are explained by an administrative red tape and by the scarcity of bank loans. The restructuration of the banking and financial sectors of the CEMAC zone is necessary to encourage entrepreneurship
Roulet, Pierre-Armand. ""Chasseur blanc, coeur noir" ? La chasse sportive en Afrique Centrale : une analyse de son rôle dans la conservation de la faune sauvage et le développement rural au travers des programmes de gestion de la chasse communautaire." Orléans, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ORLE1053.
Full textThe interdisciplinary thesis analyses the role of sport hunting in the programmes of participative management of wildlife in Central Africa, more particularly on two pilot sites (northern Central African Republic and south-east Cameroon). Over the course of the 20th century, sport hunting evolved greatly through the joint processes of "democratisation", professionalisation and internationalisation of its protagonists. These days, safari operators can play a major role in conservation, notably owing to their spatial control of sizeable cynegetic zones, globally sustainable harvesting and a sound capacity to look after and defend the natural environment. This statement can, however, only be fully appreciated when the activity of safari operators plays a part in programmes linking the state, specific projects and the local population. The analysis of the techniques, ideology and discourse of safari guides and those of their clients reveals the antinomy of their ideas of safari as well as the onset of a nostalgia for colonial hunting. We note also the surprising fact that the "great white hunters" often fit better into the rural socio-cultural context than do other non-indigenous protagonists. Finally, if the economic argument presenting sport hunting as a signifiant tool in programmes of participative management of wildlife remains valid, it is nevertheless essential not to overlook the conceptual and technical limits of the proposed models, as well as the very real stakes lying behind the appropriation of the land and resources
Anafak, Lemofak Antoine Japhet. "La Belgique et l'Afrique centrale, diversification ou néocolonialisme? dynamique de la politique de coopération belge au Cameroun et dans ses anciennes colonies, 1960-1990." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210145.
Full textCette thèse insiste sur les éléments de mise en place et les fondements de la politique étrangère de la Belgique en Afrique centrale. Elle analyse sa présence depuis la colonisation du Congo, du Ruanda-Urundi et développe le processus de mutation de la Belgique dans la sous-région à la faveur des indépendances. Cette accession à la souveraineté des territoires leur attribuait le statut d’acteur de la communauté internationale. L’adaptation de la Belgique à cette nouvelle donne l’oblige à étendre son espace de captation d’intérêts par l’établissement des relations diplomatiques avec de nombreux pays de la région parmi lesquels le Cameroun. Le choix du Cameroun comme pays d'appui à la politique belge dans la région en dehors de ses colonies est le fait de nombreuses justifications que cette thèse démontre.
Ce travail insiste sur les rapports politiques entre le Cameroun et la Belgique notamment les éléments expliquant la coopération diplomatique et politique entre le Cameroun et la Belgique. Celle-ci était basée sur un soutien mutuel dans la lutte contre les mouvements rebelles procommunistes au Cameroun et au Congo dans les années 60. Cet ouvrage développe l'organisation de l’action conjointe de la Belgique et du Cameroun dans la lutte contre le communisme en Afrique centrale principalement au Congo en période de guerre froide, les éléments prouvant le soutien de la Belgique au Cameroun dans sa lutte contre les activistes nationalistes de l’UPC et réciproquement, les actions montrant la collaboration et la compréhension du Cameroun envers la Belgique dans la gestion des conflits d’après indépendance au Congo, au Rwanda et au Burundi.
De plus, cette thèse évoque la dynamique de la politique étrangère de la Belgique à partir de 1965 dans la région. Dans cette section marquée par l’arrivée de Mobutu au pouvoir et le coup d’Etat de Micombero au Burundi, ce travail détaille les éléments qui justifient le renforcement des relations politiques entre le Cameroun et la Belgique après 1965 par l’analyse du contexte national et international de mise en place de cette politique après 1967. Un contexte marqué par la réélection d’Ahmadou Ahidjo et le renforcement de son pouvoir et le départ du socialiste Paul-Henri Spaak, remplacé par le démocrate-chrétien Pierre Harmel. Ce dernier instaure une nouvelle politique dite de diversification et de distanciation envers le régime de Mobutu. Le constat est que cette diversification a profité au Cameroun, devenu progressivement un partenaire privilégié de la Belgique dans la région après la visite officielle d’Ahidjo de 1967 à Bruxelles.
Ce travail analyse les rapports qu’entretenaient la Belgique et le Cameroun dans les organisations internationales en rapport avec la situation interne de son pré-carré d’Afrique centrale, notamment les circonstances du soutien de la candidature du Zaïre à l’entrée dans l’Union Douanière et Economique d’Afrique Centrale (UDEAC) et plus tard dans la création de l’Union Economique d’Afrique Centrale (UEAC) en 1969. Le soutien mutuel des candidatures belges et camerounaises dans les instances internationales à partir des années septante, les incidences de l’entrée du Royaume-Uni de Grande Bretagne et l’Irlande du Nord au sein de la Communauté Economique Européenne (la convention de Lomé I) sur la politique étrangère belge menée par Renaat Van Elslande, les implications de la zaïrianisation sur les relations belgo-zaïroises, l’arrivée au pouvoir de Juvénal Habyarimana au Rwanda et la renégociation des accords d’indépendance entre le Cameroun et la France. La Belgique et ces pays souhaitaient une approche plus consensuelle des grandes questions internationales, notamment le nouvel ordre économique international, le conflit du proche orient, la question de la décolonisation des territoires portugais d’Afrique centrale, la généralisation des conflits armés et des assassinats politiques.
La présence militaire belge en Afrique centrale est un fait colonial. Un rappel nécessaire de cette présence militaire depuis la période coloniale nous a permis de nous interroger sur la gestion difficile du devenir de ces soldats après les indépendances du Congo, du Rwanda et du Burundi, notamment pendant la crise Katangaise. Ces difficultés rencontrées au Congo poussent la Belgique à trouver des dérivatifs pour se désengager militairement au Ruanda-Urundi après l’indépendance en 1962. La visite officielle de juin 1967 d’Ahmadou Ahidjo en Belgique marque le début d’une intense coopération militaire entre la Belgique et le Cameroun. Les deux pays coopèrent pour la livraison du matériel de guerre par la Fabrique d’Herstal à Liège, et dans la formation les officiers camerounais en Belgique. Plusieurs facteurs justifiant cette coopération avec le Cameroun sont énumérés dans cette thèse. De plus, ce travail retrace l’implication de la Belgique dans les guerres du Shaba et ses initiatives en faveur d’une paix globale dans la région autour les années 80.
Le troisième grand axe de cette thèse développe la présence de la Belgique en Afrique centrale dans le cadre de la Communauté Economique Européenne. Après avoir expliqué l'historique et l'évolution du FED, nous avons exploré le poids de la présence belge au sein du Fond Européen de Développement par rapport à la France et les autres Etats de la CEE pour constater sa faiblesse dans cette institution contrôlée par la France l’Allemagne. Ce qui justifie son choix de renforcer la coopération bilatérale dans la région. Enfin, ce thèse insiste sur ces relations économiques bilatérales de la Belgique en Afrique centrale, principalement au Cameroun en comparaison avec les anciennes colonies pour voir l'influence de la Belgique au Cameroun, au Congo, au Rwanda et au Burundi depuis les indépendances jusqu'aux années nonante.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Ouédraogo, Nadia Sidzanbnoma. "Les défis énergétiques et le développement socioéconomique de l’Afrique sub-saharienne : pauvreté et vulnérabilité énergétiques, variation des prix des hydrocarbures et développement socio-économique des pays importateurs pauvres." Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090071.
Full textComprehensive understanding of the nature of the causal relationship between energy consumption and income that has a significant implication for development policy decisions is crucial. This is particularly true since the lack of access to modern energy services is recognized as a serious hindrance to economic and social development and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. By employing both qualitative and quantitative assessment approaches and used primary andsecondary data and information, our dissertation topic addresses the interrelated challenges of energy, development and environmental sustainability. To uncover the temporal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth, we apply recently developed panel unit root and panel cointegration techniques for estimatingthe long-run relationship between GDP and the total energy consumption as well as the electricity andoil price on the one hand and other hand, that of HDI for a subsample ofcountries in sub-Saharan Africa, the ECOWAs. Our conclusion is that the government should make long-run energy consumption policy to lower the effect from economic development to energy consumption through: -improving of energy access, security of supply, while addressing the impacts of Climate Change, by developing Sub-Saharan Africa potential of renewable energy resources (hydro-small, micro, optimization and expansion of electric pool - biomass and solar as well as biofuel…) improving energy efficiency both from demand side management (energy saving in households, businesses and administrations; deployment of energy saving appliances and equipment) and supply side (improve the technical efficiency of enterprises in energy supply)
Ditengou, Rockaya. "Politique, médias et développement : l'usage des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) dans le cas du Gabon en Afrique centrale." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD030/document.
Full textGabon, a country of central Africa, has a population of about 1 500 000 inhabitants. TheGabonese economy relies mainly on its natural resources. Since the begining of 1990, this countryhas chosen a development plan, aiming at the diversification of its economic sectors. It is in thisperspective that the country pays a particular attention to ICT (Information and CommunicationTechnology) and to its intergration in the process of development. However, ICT poses a triplechallenge: that of know-how; social skills; and that of the preservation of the general interest. Asin the other french-speaking countries, Gabonese leaders have understood the strategic importanceof ICT in the future of Gabon. The fact remains that the use and appropriation of ICT can bebeneficial, if they are mastered and guided by a farsighted public policy,which is a greatopportunity for social cohesion and intergration. On the other hand, when this fails, it can bringabout additional inequalities. As a matter of fact, if the environment defined by ICT is that ofaccelerating change and structural performance, the difficulties are significant when it comes tothe adaptation and the appropriation of these tools by many people. This research is interested inthe conditions of a real social cohesion which would be fostered by ICT. This requires a politicalcontext which favours access to Information Technology in the largest sense. We are thereforefocusing our attention on the political structures
Sama, Mathieu. "Paupérisation anthropologique et développement humain durable : herméneutique du burkindlem pour une éthique chrétienne inculturée de la promotion humaine intégrale en Afrique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAK014.
Full textIn 2000, through the Millennium Declaration, peoples are invited to opt for what is called the "sustainable human development". Several years later, in matter of development in Africa, the results are far below expectations. Then, it is necessary to lead reflection on the factors that influence the success of an effort to a "sustainable human development" on African soil. Therefore, our hypothesis is that whenever the Moaaga "burkĩndlem" is informed of the requirements of Christian ethics, it can become the place of a hermeneutics for efficient human development. In the Christian perspective, the anthropological foundation at the base of sustainable human development is the concept of "imago Dei" attributed to man in the biblical Revelation. In this regard, the Christian burkĩndlem appears as highly significant in the African context and is more than suggestive. The objective will be, for the burkĩmba Christians, to attain their full capacity as human beings in order to be open to the salvation that Christ, Son of God and fully man, has brought by grace
Eka, Fred. "La contribution de la Chine au développement économique des pays d' Afrique Sub Saharienne." Thesis, Pau, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PAUU2035/document.
Full textOver the past 15 years, the Sino-African relationship has profoundly changed the African continent, which many Western governments have abandoned. Central Africa has many commodities including oil, copper, cobalt and iron ore. Many, including some African, suspect what they consider to be a neo-colonial landholding, in which the Chinese state illustrated through its 2,200 companies, extract minerals in return for infrastructure.Nevertheless, there is a consensus that the Chinese presence has mainly benefited Africa. A few figures illustrate the change. In 2000, trade between China and Africa was only $ 10 billion. By 2014, this has increased more than 20 times to $ 220 billion, according to the China Africa Research Initiative at the School of International Studies. An interest that is reflected by the presence of Chinese actors, public and private, more and more numerous, precisely in the direct investments (stocks of 10 to 45 billion dollars), according to the sources.Yet there is anxiety about the rise of Chinese influence. Several political leaders are concerned that Africa has recently shifted to the trade deficit with China. African governments are so indebted to China that they could cause economic dependence on the future of their countries.My research explores the impact of China on the economic development of SSA countries. The aim is to show how the countries of Central Africa, notably CEMAC, which lag behind other regions of SSA must use the complex changes in the Chinese economy to boost their economic growth and boost their development and attract foreign investors, job creators and a major player in the dynamization and industrialization of territories. We analyzed and compared the choice of the mode of location of Chinese and French greenfield IDEs in Central Africa. Our results show the decisive role of the main trading potential driving the strategies of internationalization of Chinese firms in Central Africa
Akim, Al-mouksit. "Trois essais sur la migration, les transferts privés et le développement économique en Afrique Subsaharienne." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED047/document.
Full textThe three essays composing this thesis make contributions to the literature on the consequences of migration and private transfers on the economic development of the countries of origin of sub-Saharan Africa.The first essay evaluates the distributive impact of international and domestic transfersin Senegal. The results show that private transfers reduce income inequality in Senegal. This equalizing effect is mainly driven bydomestic transfers. The second essay examines the insurance function of migration in Mali. We find that migration acts as an insurance mechanism when the household suffers an idiosyncratic shock during the year. The third essay examines the link between the human capital of Senegalese migrants and their integration into the destination labor market. The results suggest that the probability of being in skilled employment given the level of education is lower in migration compared to Senegal. Although a priori distinct, the three essays have in common an approach that mobilizes household surveys and various microeconometric techniques to deal with the complexity of migration in order to improve the understanding of the consequences of migration on the economies of origines
Sami, Amos Cyronet. "L'influence de la France et de la C. E. E. Face à la politique socio-économique et culturelle de développement et de croissance en Afrique centrale sub-saharienne : le cas camerounais." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081011.
Full textThe history of influential french and c. E. E. Facing social political economic and cultural policy, for the development and growth in sub-saharian central africa, of the great changes moment political economic, monetary, as well in industrialized countries as is the states of central and sub-saharian africa ; induces us to start on an theorycal and pratical analysis investigation wich leads us towards cameroons this research will try and uncover the actual development among the fallacious informations of a simple political economic growth in the sub-saharian context, considering the world wide crisis, and the fact that the state of cameroons has only bean independent for about thirty years. The investigation is essentially based upon a pluridisciplinary study of that central and sub-saharian africa state. A scientific study does effectively imply a concrete social and historical reality, as is shown in marx's capital, in respect of keeping a rigor in our lecture, that the "althusserians" would qualify as "symtomal", yet, gramsci's works show its consistence as well as its strougth in a policy of mobilization of all popular efforts, for an actual development, excluding any "knout" as auther (staline)
Kikhounga-N'Got, Oumar. "Impact des consensus de Beinjing et de Washington sur la gouvernance et le développement des pays de la Communauté économique et monétaire d'Afrique Centrale (CEMAC)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5918.
Full textMombo, Landry-Erik. "Polymorphisme génétique humain (loci G6PD, TNF-alpha, CD1, MBL et CCR5) en relation avec la susceptibilité/résistance au paludisme à plasmodium falciparum et à l'infection à HIV-1 en Afrique Centrale (Gabon)." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066229.
Full textKabe, Abbo Bernadette. "Les difficultés inhérentes à l'investissement international dans les PME-PMI : le cas des pays de l'Union Douanière et économique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (UDEAC)." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010290.
Full textInternational ivnestments in big industrial projects of the customs and economic l'union of central africa countries (udeac) often ended in failure like in other african countries. Nowadays, all the economic partners agree that enterprises, mainly small and medium-scale enterprises and industries, are essential tools for the economic development. However the efforts already made by all those who are responsible for the promotion of small and medium-scale enterprise s and industries always seem not to bring about the expected effects. Our analysis aims at three basic objectives : 1. Locating the small and medium-scale entreprises and industries of the customs and economic union of central africa countries in their environment by stressing upon identification problems and difficulties that potential investors are faced with; 2. Exposing the maladjustment of the present mechanisms (bilateral and multilateral) of financing to the specific needs of small and mediums-scale enterprises and industries; 3. Finding the conditions of an efficient development of local small and medium0-scale enterprises and industries throug h the conjunction of public and private means of economic partners from the industrialized countries and customs and economic union of central africa countries
Wounba, Jean-François. "Contribution à la gestion intégrée des corridors de transport dans la Communauté Économique et Monétaire d'Afrique Centrale: développement et application d'un nouveau modèle intégré d'analyse et d'évaluation des performances." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/228574.
Full textThe development of interstate transport corridors has increased in the last five decades, in favor of the globalization of trade, both as an instrument of transport and to facilitate economic exchanges within the economic blocks made up of countries with free-trade agreements. They are routes connecting different economic zones with the objective of consolidating the flux of merchandise, increase and ameliorate interconnection, infrastructure along with logistic services that facilitate access to markets.Different models have been designed for the evaluation of transport corridors’ performances in terms of time, cost, flexibility, reliability, and security of the flow passing through the corridor. These classical models are generally classified under two major categories: evaluation models at the strategic and political levels, and evaluation models at the operational level.At the strategic and political levels, two tools are widely used to evaluate transport corridors. These are "the indicator of trans border trade" and "the country’s logistic performance index (LPI)". These indicators provide global assessment of the level of connectivity between countries on the international market.At the operational level, the two models mainly used for evaluation are: the graphical method developed by UNESCAP, and Fastpath developed by Nathan Associates Inc. in partnership with USAID. The operational evaluation of corridors seeks to pinpoint the bottlenecks along the corridor, in order to pro-act on appropriate quick-fix and situational measures.It is worth noting that these classical, strategic or operational models designed to evaluate transport corridors do not take account of certain intrinsic aspects at the development stage of each corridor in its socioeconomic context. Also, some economic sub-regions such as the Economic and Monetary Community of Central African States (CEMAC) have some unique particularities. Amongst these unique particularities in the CEMAC region are: a weak community spirit and a lack of ownership of such communities by the member states, insufficient development of infrastructure network, a transport industry dominated by a fleet of obsolete trucks, amateur transporters and transport auxiliaries, bad governance, a multi-speed professionalization of the transport sector depending on the country, the presence of terrorist groups in certain regions, insufficient financial resources, low traffic in some corridors, the absence of integrated multimodal transport service providers, a weak private sector, an archaic payment system, a low level in the use of information and communication technology, to list but these few.Because of these particularities, the authors have worked out a platform titled «CEMAC Corridor's Assessment Index» (CAI) which is more appropriate for the evaluation of land corridors linking CEMAC countries in particular.CAI model is designed specifically to answer the following questions: - What are the characteristic factors of performance of an interstate transport corridor in Central Africa? - To what extent do these factors impact the performance of the corridor? - What are the significant components for each factor and how can they be identified and evaluated?- On this basis, how can indicators be designed to highlight malfunctions in the transport and logistic systems of the interstate corridors of Central Africa?- What are the optimal scenarios required to improve on the performances of these corridors sustainably?CAI model is based on the seven dimensions bellow, aggregating a battery and twenty eight indicators. The legal framework of the corridor; The transport infrastructure provision and interoperability of infrastructure; The information technology and communications; The supply of integrated logistics services on the corridors; The safety and security along the corridor; The environmental dimension and The economic dimension.CAI model has many advantages; the most important one is to guide the corridor stakeholders’ investment decisions by helping them to take into account the transport corridor current stage of development. This aims to minimise the risks associated with the lack of structured interventions, and to prioritise investments on the transport corridor.Case studies conducted on the main interstate land corridors in Central Africa, that is the intermodal corridor (rail and road) Douala-Ndjamena, and the roads corridors Douala-Ndjamena and Douala-Bangui, have highlighted the strengths and weaknesses of these corridors, by the estimation of indices of different dimensions developed by the model.From these studies, recommendations have been made to the stakeholders in charge of these three corridors to prioritize, in order of importance: security and safety, infrastructure management, usage of information and communication technologies; without neglecting other dimensions with low performance indices.These studies also show that the corridor integrating the railway line is the most efficient of the three. Further studies need to be conducted to compare the impact of rail corridors on sub-regional integration, compared to road corridors.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Makiela-Magambou, Gisèle. "La logistique portuaire au Gabon : contribution à une géographie des transports de la Communauté Économique et Monétaire de l'Afrique Centrale (CEMAC)." Montpellier 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON30023.
Full textGabon enjoys a 800 km long coastline with two major maritime ports : Owendo and Por-Gentil. These ports play a strategic role on the economy of the country handling nearly 90% of the trade exchanges. However, as many ports of the African continent, the main ports of Gabon do not ensure the transit of goods so efficiently as required. Political and structural reasons but also many kinds of failure imply goods flow to decrease, and put a significant burden on business. It makes Gabon less competitive in the CEMAC logistics market than other ports like Douala in Cameroun. Moreover, ports require not only adequate infrastructure and equipment, but also good communications and information technology systems, with competitive and skilled management teams with a motivated and trained workforce. The lack of connectivity between information systems of the main actors of the ports and between ports them selves, do not eliminate the need for long and tedious paperwork. Ports require shared information systems like extranet and structured data exchange systems to ensure the integrity, availability and liability of information. How to optimize transport logistics of commercial ports of Gabon whereas the political, social and economic situation of the country is not favourable ? How to enourage and develop incentives for interconnected network information systems, for new groupware based working practices between economic actors of the ports ? How to increase the fluidity of communications ? This research work is based both on conceptual developments and numerous examples extracted from working practises in the ports of Gabon and of the CEMAC area. We hope to contribute to the improvement of the information management process of the maritime portuary community
Mouvondo, Epiphane. "La logistique de l'aval pétrolier dans les pays de la CEMAC : révélateur et facteur de disparités socio-spatiales d'accès aux produits pétroliers." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT2014/document.
Full textThe Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CE MAC) in the Central African subregion has a very significant potential of oil resources. Those resources are central to the global geopolitics as well as the regional economic development issues. Although the economy of the six oil-producing states of the CEMAC is based on oil exploitation, the recurring shortages of petroleum products in those countries cause problems in accessing modern energies (gas, butane and fuel). But beyond those shortages, short-term fluctuations, the socio-spatial disparities in access to petroleum products are the focus of this PhD thesis. This situation which seems paradoxical at first sight for countries endowed with an energy potential though, is a real obstacle to development in particular in the transport and industry sector. The difficulties to access modern energies constrain households in particular those in rural areas, to use the biomass in a traditional way (firewood and animal waste) at the expense of the environment preservation or even at the expense of their health. This thesis aims therefore to diagnose the factors which hinder the universal access (on social and spatial level) to petroleum products and its consequences on the environment. Furthermore, the strategies developed by the actors are also highlighted. We propose some ideas to improve the supply and distribution system of petroleum products in the CEMAC countries
Tumi, Salaheddin. "Les déterminants des IDE et leur impact sur la croissance économique dans les pays en développement. Le cas des pays du Maghreb et du Moyen-Orient." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030021.
Full textThe quest for progress towards economic development in the countries of the South has increased competition between these nations in the last two decades, as they each try to attract the largest volume of FDI. This competition has become a race to the bottom due to the increased difficulties in obtaining credit. Many developing countries have attempted to attract FDI. Some have been less successful than others, in this regard; however this did not prevent a second group of countries undertaking the same policy. The decision makers seem to be convinced that FDI is the engine of development and the main question in this thesis is to better understand the phenomenon of FDI, its mechanisms and determinants. The second question is an assay to establish a link between FDI and economic growth. Our work classifies countries into five zones with an emphasis on the Maghreb and the Middle East. We show that to be attractive for FDI; a country should be politically stable, with adequate infrastructure, effective institutions and an educated population. Natural resources and bilateral investment treaties are decisive factors for the attraction of FDI. In addition, there are biases specific to certain regions. The Maghreb and the Middle East suffer from negative biases that are preventing this zone from attracting FDI. We try to explain and analyze the causes of this limited volume of FDI received. On the link FDI-growth, we found that FDI does not begin to have a positive effect on growth until there is a certain threshold level of human capital in the population
Lawson, Robert-Gérard Mawuégniga Boèvi. "La personne selon Emmanuel Mounier et le développement de l'Afrique." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT5003.
Full textAccording to the philosophy of the «person», Emmanuel Mounier (1905-1950) aims at the rebirth of civilization, the accomplishment and fulfillment of man. The question is to find out what within «the person», constitutes the principal and metaphysical foundation of development, then to put in place heuristics that emphasize the impact of this philosophy of person on «development in Africa». There are three sides to this objective: to appreciate in a systematical fashion the power of the historical influence of the opinion of Mounier on the philosophers from Africa; to measure its appropriation effects; and then to identify the anthropological issues connected to the notion of «development» within the African continent. The statement mobilizes not only the corpuses of the African theorists concerned about deep-rootedness and interculturality, but also those of western thinkers, reformer of the question of mankind and the world. The metaphysical, anthropological and ethical foundation, does not ex-clude the legitimate supranational legal mechanism
Lado, Hervé. "Le développement comme processus d'élimination des rentes et de la prédation : le cadre conceptuel de Douglass North, John Wallis et Barry Weingast à l'épreuve du Nigéria." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010086.
Full textThe conceptual framework developed in 2009 by Douglass North, John Wallis, Barry Weingast (NWW) regards development as an institutional transition from a limited access social order (developing countries), where violence is a spread and permanent threat, to an open access social order (developed countries), where economic and political accesses are open to all through free competition. If we consider development as a process of rents elimination, does this framework enable rents elimination? Combining a theoretical analysis, and an empirical analysis illustrated by the history of Nigeria and oil multinationals’ activities, we argue that NWW’s framework fails i) in the design of the role of elites and non-elites in the transition process within the limited access order ii) and in the epistemological shaping of the open access order based on political and economic free competition. The NWW’s open access order maintains rents, and legitimizes predation which we define as the exploitation of domination rents. Predators generate on their victims various social costs which sustainable development (SD) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives are failing to eradicate. SD and CSR approaches will succeed in eradicating predation only if they consider within transactions the power asymmetry and the risk of domination in negotiations between stakeholders, in order to protect the human dignity
Lanckriet, Edouard. "Le Système d’Innovation Technologique des agroénergies de la canne à sucre, un outil de développement durable au Brésil, quels enseignements pour la formation des politiques de développement liées au capital naturel en Afrique de l’Ouest ?" Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0013/document.
Full textIn Brazil, sugar cane is used as a raw material for the production of sugar, fuel, and electricity. This industrial model has enabled the country to build a competitive advantage on the biomass productivity of its soils. It has been promoted in Africa but the majority of African bioenergy projects have been a failure. This raises the question of the interest of the model in Brazil, of the role of bioenergy in a development strategy.The Brazilian model is a Technological Innovation System, the sugar cane TIS, which we analyze in the long term. Since the end of the 19th century, it has been structured to import, adapt and spread technologies in order to diversify sugar cane markets. The biofuel sector required the creation of an alternative technological system, financed by the State through the Proalcool Program (1975 to 1985); Created to absorb the surpluses of the sugar sector and for the energy security of the country. Public support was key in the evolution of the TIS, forged in the wake of the country's social and economic crises. The sugar cane TIS has enabled Brazil to train its human capital in the valorization of natural capital, which enables it today to experiment a new change : the agroecological conversion of the cane cultivation model, that would allow regenerating the Natural Capital soil. Based on our analysis of the Brazilian model we formulate an analysis of the factors of failure of the African jatropha biofuel projects and make a proposal for the structuring of a biofuel TIS adapted to West Africa stakes of development, which we suggest to back up to the oilseed chain
No Brasil, a cana-de-açúcar é utilizado como matéria-prima na fabricação de açúcar, combustível e eletricidade. Este modelo de negócio tem permitido ao país para transformar a produtividade de biomassa de seu solo em uma vantagem competitiva. Ele foi promovido na África, mas a maioria dos projetos de agroenergia africanos houve uma falha. Isso levanta a questão do interesse do modelo no Brasil, bem como o papel da bioenergia em uma estratégia de desenvolvimento. O modelo brasileiro é um Sistema de Inovação Tecnológica, o SIT da cana, que analisamos a longo prazo. Ele é estruturado desde o final do século XIX para importação, adaptação e difusão de tecnologias afim de diversificar os mercados de cana. O setor do etanol combustível tem necessidade de um sistema tecnologia alternativa, financiado pelo governo através do Programa Proálcool (1975-1985); ele foi criado para absorver os excedentes do sector do açúcar e para a segurança energética do país. O apoio público tem sido fundamental para a evolução do SIT, foi forjada pelas crises sociais e económicas do país. Hoje o SIT da cana-de-açúcar experimenta um modelo de produção agroecológica para o cultivo da cana, ele deveria ser capaz de regenerar o capital natural. Nossa análise do modelo brasileiro nos permite fazer uma análise dos fatores de não-sucesso dos projetos africanos de produção de biocombustível de jatropha. Nós formular uma proposta de estruturação de um SIT da agroenergia Oeste Africano adaptado às questões de desenvolvimento locais, propomos a ser associado ao setor oleaginosa
Bingono, Meba Emmanuel-Nances. "Protection et valorisation de trois milieux fluvio-marins du centre du golfe de Guinée (estuaires du Gabon, du río Muni et baie de la Mondah) : biodiversité et développement durable." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011271.
Full textAlors que les premières actions de sauvegarde de ces forêts et de leur faune ont débuté il y a environ un siècle, que de grands projets de conservation sont en cours depuis une dizaine d'années et que l'idée d'une valorisation économique pour une exploitation durable commence à intéresser tous les acteurs, de nouvelles actions en partenariat, proposées lors du sommet de Johannesburg (2002), devraient bientôt se concrétiser.
Les aires protégées, outils de conservation de la biodiversité, sont un enjeu tant au Gabon qu'en Guinée équatoriale. Leur ouverture à l'écotourisme, sur la zone littorale, à rias, de la baie de Corisco, est l'objet de cette étude.
Roulet, Pierre-Armand Roulet. "« Chasseur blanc, cœur noir ? La chasse sportive en Afrique Centrale. Une analyse de son rôle dans la conservation de la faune sauvage et le développement rural au travers des programmes de gestion communautaire ». Les cas du nord RCA et du sud-est Cameroun." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00170051.
Full textEltaief, Ghalia. "Essoufflement du modèle de croissance économique des pays sud méditerranéens : analyse théorique et empirique et comparaison avec les pays asiatiques." Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090018.
Full textThe thesis investigates the causes of growth weakening in southern Mediterranean countries in comparison with Asian countries through industrial and educational policies analysis, as well as through the institutional dimension. It also attempts to analyze the economic and social factors that may have contributed to triggering the revolts experienced by these countries. The main results of this research are: First, the quality of institutions is a relevant determinant of growth differences between countries. Second, Tunisia is the country that gathered together the most necessary elements for this revolution to be achieved. Third, it is found out that the degree of development of civil society as measured by the participation rate of women in the workforce as well as the rate of Internet use played an important role in triggering these revolts. This result is achieved in an environment featured by high levels of unemployment, income inequality, and low levels of democracy
Tchehou, Kemajou Aline. "Les aspects juridiques de la microfinance : le cas du Cameroun." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1012.
Full textIn Cameroon, Microfinance is now established as a strong element able to improve offers and access to banking services to some part of the society often excluded. That is why the Community legislature of the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC) had decided to make a special legal regime to allow this new technique of funding to settle and grow while ensuring the reliability of actors and operation’s control. Regarding the economical aspect, the Cameroon’s government had positioned microfinance as a major tool able to work for the integration of the alleged informal economy to formal economy. However, it is now accepted that the economy will not function without a specific economic law. This economic law with the apprehension that appears so necessary has been converted by the right to the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA). Therefore, microfinance has the distinction of combining legal instruments of different nature leading to the applications of heterogeneous systems that offers unequal guarantees. The practitioners therefore face a complexity that promotes and facilitates some opacity drifts. In this sense, this study aims to identify the instruments by which the law operates in the overall functioning of the global microfinance sector, which should allow to better confront the legal theory with its practice and to facilitate their consistency. Furthermore, it is possible to consider whether a microfinance law might not be elaborated
Eliseeva, Anna. "Lost in transition : how can emerging economies leverage gender equality for economic transition ?" Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E019.
Full textThe thesis addresses the links between women's empowerment and economic transition. It examines the ways in which more women working in the public and private sectors could address the persistent problems of transition and emerging economies, such as poor human capital base and low levels of productivity and innovation. The thesis has three chapters which build on the economic models of gender equality and transition. The first chapter explores the relationship between the gender composition of a firm and the firm's involvement in innovation activities in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The second chapter extends the analysis of firm performance, and investigates whether SMEs owned by women perform differently from SMEs owned by men in Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Russia. In particular, the chapter examines activities which enhance firm competitiveness: acquisition of business development services and investment in on-the-job training. Finally, in the last chapter, I examine the relationship between the number of women in state legislative assemblies in lndia and better family outcomes for women as measured by age at first marriage and childbearing. Throughout the three chapters, I conclude that an increasing participation of women at all levels in the private and public sectors is positively associated with better firm-level and individual outcomes
Ridja, Mali Ange. "Réappropriation des partenariats public-privé et de la coopération transfrontalière dans les pays d'Afrique francophone : essai sur la région des Grands Lacs." Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0021.
Full textThe end of the Second World War, the cold war, the peaceful cohabitation, the movements of independences, the bipolar end of the world, the multi-form and successive crises (cultural, social economic and financial), here is so many events which changed the designs and the vision of the world. The private initiative is again approved by a large majority on the world scene. Indeed, the meeting enters the know-how (financial and technical) of the private sector and the ambitious but very limited public sector, symbolized in the initials "PPP", becomes the winning formula.New spaces make their appearance encouraged by the wind of the regional and economic integration. The movement of decentralization propelling that of the cross-border cooperation, we assist more and more a slow but very promising reconfiguration of the cross-border dynamics almost everywhere in the world. Certain regions offer very interesting perspectives, as well from the point of view of the cross-border cooperation as the PPP. It is in particular the case of the French-speaking region of Africa of Great Lakes. Encircle the PPP and the cross-border cooperation, to check their complementarities and finally to follow the mechanism of reappropriation of these two concepts in the French-speaking region of Africa of Great Lakes: here are the main objectives that assigned this research work
Traore, Sory Ibrahima. "Etude de microbiote digestif africain par culturomics et nouvelle technique d'isolement et de culture de Methanobrevibacter smithii." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0672/document.
Full textThe study of the digestive microbiota was a renewed interest in the early 2000s, with the advent of molecular techniques. The culturomics has demonstrated its complementarity since 2010 by reducing some of the biases of molecular methods. A review on the techniques of studying the digestive microbiota and the analysis of the microbiota of African subjects. Metagenomic studies in Africa have revealed an increase in biodiversity, especially Spirochaetes and Prevotella among Africans compared to Westerners. Of the 1162 bacteria isolated by culturomics, 476 were non-African, 445 were common, and 241 were of African origin, including 68 new species. For my participation in the work of culturomics, 102750 colonies tested by MALDI-TOF, identified 377 species including 40 new species, 17 new genera and 2 new families. These new species have been described by taxonogenomics or new species announcement.Methanogenic archaea have a prevalence of 97.4% for M. smithii and associated with pathologies such as brain abscess, periodontitis and so on. The cultivation is tedious and required an external source of hydrogen. Under anaerobic enclosure, we successfully cultivated M. smithii from a liquid culture medium inoculated with a stool sample. The isolation in pure culture was a success on agar medium by performing a coculture with Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. We have also successfully tested the co-culture of M. smithii with other known hydrogen-producing bacteria. Gas chromatographic tests showed that these strains produced hydrogen