Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Développement urbain et rural'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Développement urbain et rural.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Mboukou, Mboungou Dieudonné. "Système des transports et équilibre du développement urbain et rural au Congo." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX24011.
Full textCongo's economy suffers various weakness, some of which perpetuate themselves or are increased by the influence of a relatively ancient history. Development of the transportation system during colonial times resulted in a simple structure shaped like a reversed l. This infrastructure has encouraged a natural split which has divided the congolese territory in two large areas. Today, this two areas pattern is strengthenes in most of the features of the country's economical, political and social geography
Mwania, Kibanza. "Développement urbain, développement rural et stratégie de lutte contre la pauvreté : le cas de la République démocratique du Congo." Paris 9, 2006. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2006PA090065.
Full textThe RDC committed itself to the Millennium Development goal of cutting the incidence of poverty in half by 2015. It will be very difficult to reach this target if nothing is done to reduce rural poverty. We suggest two different ways of reducing rural poverty: First, develop urban economy to enlarge the outlets of traditional farming market. ; Second, improve capacities in rural areas. A computable General Equilibrium Model enables us to assess the efficiency of these two strategies to reduce poverty. The results of the simulation show that while respecting the budgetary constraint, the best strategy would be to reduce the lack of capacities in the rural areas while enlarging the urban food crops
Lefèvre, Ludivine. "Migrations et dynamiques spatiales : une application aux espaces à dominante rurale." Lille 1, 2005. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/809d135c-ea36-48c5-820f-608984f57741.
Full textFaye, Benoît. "Péri-urbanité et transition des espaces sous gravité urbaine en Afrique sub-saharienne." Bordeaux 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR1D018.
Full textKigueni, Philippe. "Exode rural et croissance urbaine : incidences sur le développement et les transformations socio-économiques à Brazzaville depuis 1960." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR21003.
Full textThe urban represents nowadays fundamental problematics of the cultural the social and economic development of the urban society in black Africa. It corresponds to a privilege theme of study with a view to understand its mechanisms and all the socio-urban reality that it includes. Why and how does it develop? In the Congo and particularly in Brazzaville, the political capital, the urban growth constitutes a social phenomenon of great importance which modifies the way of life of all those who go and live over there. From the rural depopulation and from a high natality follows a population rush which composes this town. As the norms of urban life are often opposed to the traditional way of life, the customs and the traditions of every boy raise up contradictions in their social circles. Therefore, the analysis of the urban growth phenomenon opens up exciting sociological prospects. As an attentive observer of the developing societies, deal with this urban reality from various angles : its connection with the rural sphere, its attract on the young, its problems of integration, unemployment, lodging and traffic. . . The question raised in this study are numerous, as are the variables often not easily quantifiable, which can contribute to explain this growth
Ammi, Houssameddine. "Villes et développement économique en Algérie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUL2004.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is the study of the evolution of cities and the economic development in Algeria, by making a first study on the cities of the Maghreb countries, which present a similarity in their evolution and know an accelerated process of their urbanization due to the phenomenon of rural exodus. This work consists of three chapters.The first chapter proposes to study the development of urban hierarchies and determine the nature of urban growth for the three countries of this region of the world, which has undergone significant demographic, political, economic and social changes since the second half of the 20th century. This work is based on a database of urban populations in the Maghreb countries of more than 5000 inhabitants for all the censuses carried out since the 1960s. We will then analyze the results found with the help of econometric tools and models often used by researchers in the field of urbanization.Algeria, which is our case study in the second chapter, presents at independence in 1962, a dependent economy, disarticulated and oriented around the interest of the colonial minority and capitalization metropolitan, its poor and almost illiterate population lives on the northern strip of the country. Post independence industrial projects launched by successive governments have had no convincing results. Indeed, more than half a century later, Algeria is still highly dependent on hydrocarbon rent and its economy has not been diversified.The city of Algiers, object of our third chapter, was born in the 10th century and becomes the capital of the Regency between the 16th and 19th century. During the colonial period 1830-1962, the city developed, westernized, it becomes the colonial capital out of the hype and at independence, from the departure of the Europeans, a rush on the vacant property is observed; the exodus started during the war accelerates. The new state does not have an urban policy; it renews the colonial legislation and then opts in 1974 for a socialist and liberal type of legislation from 1990. The attempts to control the urbanization by institutions, studies, and divisions did not give the convincing results, the city evolved spontaneously
Carpentier, Irène. "Les révolutions silencieuses des oasis du sud tunisien : crise des modèles et réponses locales." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H102.
Full textIn a context of rising social demands and a crisis in development models, this work questions the transformations of the oasis territories of southern Tunisia drawing on an analysis of the diversification of practices of local resource exploitation. The research devotes particular attention to the economic, social and technological innovations that characterize certain emerging forms of valorization and to the political dimension they carry. Adopting a social geography approach, the analysis is based on a comparison of the continental oasis of Tozeur and the coastal oasis of Gabès, making it possible to identify the diversity of the processes that influence the dynamics of these territories. This approach calls into question an understanding of oases as exceptional environments and underlines the need to integrate into the analysis the diversity of actors deploying their strategies in the oasis territories and to reintegrate the latter into their regional and national political context. The analysis shows that the transformation of oasis territories is characterized by partly contradictory dynamics; on the one hand, national development policies have had the effect of marginalizing ancient oases, subjecting them to a series of threats – desertification, urbanization, abandonment that call into question their sustainability; on the other hand, the rise of environmental concerns and the emergence of new tourism and living environment related demands has fostered a dynamics of heritage requalification of oases based on an idealization of their traditional systems that is publicized by a booming associative sector. The diversification of valorization forms of oasis territories ranging from small family farming to agribusiness projects and leisure activities, agroecology or ecotourism also leads to increased competition for access to land and water resources and to a strengthened process of social and spatial differentiation within oasis territories. Thus, the phenomena observed underline the ambivalence of this increasingly politicized "oasis preservation" dynamics that contributes to the debate on the redefinition of development models in post 2011 Tunisia
Danfakha, Sira. "Infrastructures de transport et dynamiques spatiales. Le rôle des aéroports dans le développement économique et l’aménagement des territoires environnants : le cas de Dakar." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040185.
Full textThis doctoral thesis aims to analyze the relationships that link the airport infrastructure to its environment. It is based on the example of Dakar and Diass airports in Senegal. The work refers to two levels. First, a study of the Dakar-Yoff airport zone, which shows how the infrastructure contributed to the emergence of the international metropolis. The municipalities bordering the airport (Yoff, Ouakam and Ngor), located in the district of Almadies, have seen their territory evolve physically and economically since its installation in the northwestern suburbs of Dakar. The analysis of geographical maps, from the 1940s to the present day, testifies to a real spatial dynamic in this part of the Dakar region. Based on the characteristics of the airport and the economic and urban dynamics that accompanied its evolution, the analysis will reveal that the lack of mastery of urbanization in its surroundings and the disregard of regulations will lead to multiple problems and consequently to the decision of the state of Senegal to transfer the equipment to a new site, about forty kilometers from Dakar. The construction of the new platform and the various projects associated with it place the new host municipalities, Diass and Keur Moussa, located in rural areas, at the center of the country's political and economic challenges and affect their future development. The emergence of the airport as an actor of economic and territorial development, especially for the surrounding territories, shows the links that can exist between the airport infrastructure and its environment. These links translate into several visible aspects that are discussed in this contribution
Rogombe, Laetitia Guylia. "La dynamique de la ville de Lambaréné : entre mobilité et développement économique local." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070007.
Full textThe study of the dynamics of the town of Lambarene made it possible to distinguish the various factors which contribute to the development of this city. On the geographical level, Lambarene occupies, a strategic position; it is the node of relation, the crossroads of communication networks road and river. Its central position and its economic assets explain the surge of the populations of various national and foreign origins. The multiplicity, the mixing and the diversity of those make of Lambarene a genuine melting-pot. With the economic plan and industrialist, whereas the small towns are in general mono-industrial, Lambarene is pluri-industrial. This character pluri-industrialist is due to a large number of foreign companies which strongly take part in the development of this urban area. The presence of these multinationals is revealing anchoring and opening of Lambarene to globalization. The interest of this study is articulated around the double demographic and economic dynamics which underlies the development of Lambarene and in fact an economic pole of importance in Gabon
Milon, Jean. "Un outil de gestion du territoire, OEÏKOS : conceptualisation d’un instrument d’analyse et de gestion des espaces urbains et ruraux concourant au développement synergique de l’ensemble des niveaux de planification de l’aménagement du territoire." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010017.
Full textAs we approach the year 2000, cities are becoming an ever growing economic stake. The city, as a social meeting place, has become an economic product which is, at the same time, strategic and cultural. The city planners are confronted with barriers constituted by government rules and laws. That is why, those concerned seem to lack the strategic material necessary to achieve their goal. Decentralization and the failure of our urban development plans have revived discussions. On how to use space. In this context, we must redefine the means of structuring urban and rural space, beginning with the district and ending with the whole region. In order to fill in this void, it has become absolutely necessary to conceive and create a means of economic an physical analysis which covers the ecological problems, linked with the management of urban an country space, and this in accordance with the supply and demand of land. That is why, to meet the requirements of an urban economy, we must requalify our urban concepts and abandon "zoning", we must also elaborate a network of urban and rural porperty and then, integrate physical and economic references which identify each bit of land and last but not least, take into account a threedimensional aspect of our space. This concept will make it necessary to rewrite some of the principles regarding the size of our cities, centered around an efficient and active life between the different communities, these again are based on variable indicators that release available space to be used by and assigned to neighbouring bits of land. All the elements that make up this system will be called OEÏKOS
Tarabah, Amir. "Crises, émigration et développement spontané au Liban : l'aménagement du site de Qaraoun dans la Beqaa." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010544.
Full textThe development problems in Lebanon date from an epoch preceding the civil war. The social and economical structures, based on the absolute liberalism, have created regional inequalities. The rural depopulation induced dislocation of peripheral regions as for the way of life and production systems. Nevertheless, the phenomenon of emigration has contributed to improve residents standard of living and generated a spontaneous development process, and a new social configuration which depends exclusively on individual initiative. After war, in the search of peace in Lebanon, planning should not ignore the relationship between crises and emigration; and on the other hand, between emigration consequences and spontaneous development. So, economical politic should consier the fact that conjunctural aspects have become structural ones. It is a question of a new reality, on which we should build all our theories about Lebanon construction
Cheyns, Emmanuelle. "Identification et construction sociale de la qualité de produits agro-alimentaires : Le cas de l'alimentation urbaine au Burkina Faso." Montpellier, ENSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENSA0022.
Full textChmourk, El Mahjoub. "L' organisation de l'espace et le développement local dans la province de Guelmim, porte du Sahara marocain." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30044.
Full textGuelmim’s province is characterized by a strong aridity. That makes it a distinctive area from the rest of the north Morocco area through its oasis landscapes and its very thin hydrographic network. Formerly this area was very productive and famous thanks to the nomads “hommes en bleu” but also because of its geographical position, a commercial path leading to Western Soudan. Meanwhile agriculture was decaying because of the lack of water, dryness, fields’ sickness and emigration. The province is on to radical mutations. The amazing growing of Guelmim’s town thanks to its new role as the province capital led to an unequal development between the urban centre and the rural centers. The demographic trend involved a policy of water diversion to satisfy the needs of the constant growth population while it was destined to irrigation. To reduce the delayed development, we are witnessing increasing actions from local associations and from the government. Restructuring are necessary to improve the living conditions of the rural population and to limit the consequences of uneven development in the province
Schaeffer, Yves. "Trois essais sur les relations entre disparités socio-spatiales et inégalités sociales." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00980464.
Full textDucol, François. "Droit et développement urbain durable." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOD002/document.
Full textThe urban sustainable development is nowadays a main notion in the discourses about the city and in the concerning public policies. If it isn’t a simple variation of the sustainable development applied to the urban matter, it resumes many of its main principles, which are for some of them keeping with the long story of town planning. In any case, those principles are irrigating the urban law today. But from the legal rule to the concrete action is the way sometimes long, in order to limitefficaciously the urban sprawl or to reduce the urban pollutions for example. For a few year the frenchurban law is however being deeply transformed in order to contribute to resolve these problems and others, and to encourage the urban sustainable development. Thanks to which tools ? And despite of which obstacles ? These obstacles are not insignificant, and the even sound the real capacity of the French law, as it stands, to promote the urban sustainable development on the scale of the pertinent urban spaces, and not to block it
Imbou-Ngalamou, Annick Judicaëlle. "Les organisations paysannes en République du Congo : émergence et signification des dynamiques organisationnelles dans le secteur agricole en zones péri-urbaines et rurales." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20046/document.
Full textThe emergence of peasant organizations in peri-urban and rural areas in Republic of Congo in particular with Brazzaville and in the Plateau, has a dual logical understanding; peasant farmers view and at the same time, institutional view influenced by external actors, the state, NGOs, bilateral and multilateral cooperation agencies. We see the emergence of new organizational dynamics, which lead to the creation of new spaces and the coming in of social actors who position themselves as intermediaries between financial flows circulating in these environments. These new players are distinguished by their charisma, their skills, their endogenous knowledge of the environment, social affiliation, and their position in the local arena. Elite, young, woman, religious, village elder, etc., they acquire legitimacy in their communities, become real brokers controlling the communication channels between donors and farmers. Whether self imposed or promoted, these new actors play a central role in the arena of possibilities. Whatever their origin, these dynamics do not wipe out the cleavages that have existed and still appear in new forms, the cause of conflicts between actors. In addition, development aid enjoyed by farmers and their associations is certainly not neutral. It conveys the ideology of donors, and influences the behavior of farmers to cope with the requirements of support structures and may result in different degrees of loss of their autonomy
Martin, Marie-Catherine. ""Tourisme de congrès et développement urbain durable"." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0015.
Full textTo restore charm and urbanity in cities, we have to build public equipements in which local population will have the opportunity to meet, to make inquiries, to develop, to communicate, to exchange. . . The encounter center is one of those polyvalent equipements designed to meet the requirements and needs of local population. Builded in a middle-sized city, this structure must welcome a large and heterogeneous public. It must participate to the every day life of the city, offering meeting rooms, showrooms, lecture rooms, cultural, artistic and commercial events. Faisibility studies must precede the building of the encounter center. The encounter center is a learning organisation, based on service culture, sharing management, negociation and employees valorization. Its management relies on quality of servuction process, continuous performances control and permanent listening of its clients. The building of the encounter center must be supported by the creation of the encounter city bureau and the creation of the touristic unity. These organisations have to federate the local touristic supply and to optimisate the quality of this supply, working on : information, cooperation, training, qualification, animation and promotion of the touristic territory. The touristic unity have to manage the urban tourism system and to assure the sustainable regeneration of urban area by developping encounter tourism on its touristic territory. Encounter tourism must be considered as a chance of sustainable urban development for middle-sized cities
Yim, David. "Une analyse empirique du rôle de l'éducation dans le processus individuel de migration rurale-urbaine en Thaïlande." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00354470.
Full textChiappero, Dany. "Patrimoine ligérien et développement urbain : définition et nouvelles pratiques d'aménagement." Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR1801.
Full textMartin, Julie. "Rivière-du-Loup et son espace au 19e siècle : du village linéaire à la ville industrielle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20986.
Full textPuget, Françoise. "Stratégies féminines et développement rural." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU2A080.
Full textThis study investigates development through an analysis of the relations between the women of the rural areas of the sahel and the outsiders, based on observation and the narration of practices. The effects of female participation in development casts some light on endogenous questions. In order to grasp the interplay of the forces involved the study concerns itself, in an initial phase, with endogenous factors highlighted by female strategies. There is in fact a gap between the social position of these women and their economic role the minimisation of the latter is useful to them in their agricultural and pastoral strategies. It enables them to occupy male preserves while maintaining continuity in their ostensible position in local society. Village women adopt the roles which, linking them to a food supplier function, enable them to carry out accumulation strategies. This study underlines the discrepancy between rules and practice. The growing involvement of women in agricultural and pastoral production goes hand in hand with a tendency towards the homogenisation of the practices of different groups. In this context of endogenous forces, we are witness to a redefinition of the relations between the sexes. The second phase of the study concerns the difficulties created by the confrontation of the local endogenous population and the exogenous development personnal using three main avenues of approach ambiguities in relations with the outsider, what is to be gained or lost by participating in a development project and the effects of relations between the sexes
Ouedraogo, Lala. "Orpaillage artisanal et développement rural." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33312.
Full textThis thesis aims at addressing questions on artisanal gold mining in Burkina Faso. It is mainly composed of three chapters. Before discussing these three chapters, in the introduction, we first describe the socio-economic context and legal context of the country’s mining sector; then we review the literature on the issue of gold panning including positive impacts such as job opportunities and negative impacts such as health and safety issues; other issues including the relationship between agriculture and artisanal mining, the sustainability of gold washing and the social responsibility of mining companies, local governance of sites; and finally, the different conceptual frameworks mobilized for the three themes, namely the institutional development analysis framework, the sustainable livelihoods framework and women’s empowerment. In the first chapter, Local governance and labor organizations on artisanal gold mining sites in Burkina Faso, we use the institutional development analysis framework to discuss local governance and the division of labor in the artisanal gold mining camps in Bukina Faso; a country in West Africa which, in recent years, is increasingly exploiting its gold reserves. Field data were collected from three sites in the villages of Diosso, Siguinoguin and Zincko, according to reasoned sampling. One of the major discoveries from on-site research is that forms of governance vary along a continuum ranging from flexible (applied by joint powers: artisanal miners’ union, customary authorities and landowners) to rigid (applied by landowners). Another conclusion is that the type of relationship between indigenous communities and minors depends on the importance of the autochtony of artisanal miners. Indeed they are harmonious in Zincko where the miners are from the village while they are stretched to Siguinoguin which is populated by migrants. Finally, this article is based on the French school of proximity to enrich the definitions given to the attributes of the physical world and to the attributes of the community highlighted by the Ostrom theory, the geographical proximity not allowing to detail the forms relational proximity organized in the mining camps. In the second chapter, How do artisanal gold mining and smallholder farming coexist in Burkina Faso?, we propose an understanding of the dynamic relationship between subsistence agriculture and artisanal mining, drawing on evidence from artisanal mining communities in v the villages of Diosso, Siguinoguin and Zincko located in Burkina Faso. Research shows that communities face many vulnerabilities such as lack of rain and natural disasters and increasing safety concerns-related to terrorist attacks-in the Northern part of the country. On the one hand, agriculture supports artisanal gold mining by providing farmers with the income they need to engage in the activity, such as paying for the transport from their respective villages to mining camps; on the other hand, artisanal gold mining significantly supports agriculture by supporting families during lean periods of the dry season and by contributing to the purchase of agricultural inputs. While this interaction appears to be beneficial, the youth interviews revealed a real problem for farm succession that has become accustomed to the new modern life that could be offered through gold panning. Then, farm succession develops coping strategies that move it away from farming activities and lead it towards unsustainable long-term livelihoods. In the last chapter, Obtaining empowerment in a man’s world, we examine the economic and social empowerment of women through artisanal mining in Burkina Faso. We conducted individual interviews and focus groups on three mining camps across the country. These interviews provided information on the different roles played by women in mining camps, their access to the necessary resources and the collective power that they develop while working together in the mining camps. In general, women report that they engage in artisanal mining for precarious financial reasons and agricultural poverty. Our results indicate that access to resources depends on women’s positions, initial investments and marital status. It tends to be provided by husbands for married women who need less than 50 USD in initial investments (these women usually perform winnowing tasks). We found that only pit owners and stall owners (stands where stones are crushed, washed and processed) easily achieve greater economic and social independence by improving their economic level, self-esteem and autonomy. As far as "panners" are concerned, even if they improve their self-esteem, their incomes remain low to ensure sustainable economic autonomy.
Taburet, Aurélien. "Promoteurs immobiliers privés et problématiques de développement durable urbain." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00763235.
Full textGirard, Pascale. "Validation partielle et développement d'un modèle de microclimat urbain." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27403.
Full textPéné-Annette, Anne. "Les pôles de développement du Grand Est du Venezuela : développement régional et urbain." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030026/document.
Full textThis thesis seeks to show how the zones of development of the Great Eastern Venezuela contribute to regional and urban development. The concept of development zone is back with force in Venezuela since the early 2000s, as a fundament for territorial planning. It applies to the Greater East, geographical construction that we propose to enhance the territorial dynamics between Oriente and the Venezuelan Guayana. The first part of this text examines the frontier energy-industrial complex based on mineral resources (e.g. the Orinoco Belt) and centers of heavy industry. The second part is devoted to urban and transport networks in order to reflect metropolitan dynamics (Barcelona-Puerto la Cruz and Ciudad Guayana). Finally, the third part starting from the understanding of the actors at the local level, analyzing the implications of participative management advocated by the Bolivarian government in the case of access to basic urban services (particularly drinking water and sanitation)
Millot, Marine. "Développement urbain et insécurité routière : L'influence complexe des formes urbaines." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000683.
Full textAbokhair, Husam Eldien. "Urbanisme en opulence. Urbanisation et développement urbain de Koweït city." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30006.
Full textThe research study deals with the evaluation of town and planification process in Kuwait city. Its aim is to arise the specificity of a particular case of a fast evolution in a third world country, to dissect it in order to show thr repercussions of economic growth due to the oil incomes of an urban structure of three million inhabitants wich have 10% of the world oil. The actual Kuwaiti tendency to a modern town planning is the major phenomenon with extremely various and complex impacts. The speed of the rates of evolution in Kuwait and the town planning in opulence does not appear as a product of the society
Gállfy, Laszlo. "Angers au XIIIe siècle. Développement urbain, structures économiques et sociales." Angers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ANGE0008.
Full textTHE THESIS ABOVE DEALS WITH THE URBAN HISTORY OF THE CITY OF ANGERS IN THE 13th CENTURY AND PRESENTS AN ANALYSIS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT. IT CONSISTS OF FIVE PARTS. THE FIRST ONE INTRODUCES THE SUBJECT BY PRESENTING THE HISTORIC EVENTS AND GIVES A SHORT SUMMARY OF THE PREVIOUS URBAN DEVELOPPEMENT. THE SECOND ONE IS DEVOTED TO A STUDY OF THE RIVALRY BETWEEN THE CONTEMPORARY POWERS IN ANGERS. AT THE SAME TIME IT MAKES POSSIBLE FOR US TO SEE THE ARCHITECTURAL INTERVENTIONS AND THE TOPOGRAPHICAL ALTERNATIONS DURING THE 13th CENTURY. THE ECONOMY OF ANGERS, THE PRESENCE OF MERCHANTS AND CRAFTSMEN ARE DISCUSSED IN THE THIRD PART. THE ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIETY IS PRESENTED IN THE FOLLOWING CHAPTER. WE HAVE PUT A STRESS IN PARTICULAR ON THE STUDY OF THE CLERGY, THE SCHOOLS IN ANGERS AS WELL AS ON THE GROWING PART OF THE CITIZENS IN THE URBAN LIFE. THE LAST PART INCLUDES THE PRESENTATION OF CHARITY WORK AND ACTIVITIS IN ANGERS. IN THIS CONTEXT WE HAVE AIMED TO GIVE A THOROUGH EXAMINATION OF THE ROLE OF ST. JOHN HOSPICE
Jalais, Savitri. "Développement des ghâts à Bénarès : dispositif architectural et espace urbain." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1054.
Full textThe image of Benares (Kāśī, Varanasi) is closely associated to the architecture of its riverfront composed of ghats – steps and terraces – that stretch out in a monumental way on the concave bank of a meander formed by the river Ganges. The expansion of this riverfront has to be understood in relation to a cultural tradition that demands a close proximity to the waters of the river. The construction and development of this riverfront in time and the various ways in which each architectural element is integrated with the river bank, calls into question its impressive urban unity that forms a public space extending more than 6 km. The aim of this thesis is to identify the elements that have contributed to the origin and the development of this front. The architectural and urban form of the ghat is considered as a constructed flexible device adapted to a specific river environment, a characteristic topography and to practices linked to the culture of the place, which allows for easy access to the varying levels of the river's water level. Based on pictorial archives, interviews, measure drawings done on site and on official planners' drawings, I examine the techniques of hydraulic constructions best adapted to counter the river's currents, I observe and analyze the relations between the riverbank, the geography and the urban landscape so as to better approach the ghats' architecture and I explain the materialization of the ghat through the diverse practices and the symbolic trajectories that surround it. The particular relation that the city entertains with its river, through the architecture of ghats, explains its urban potential inherent to its development in time and space i.e. along its river bank
Regnier, Camille. "Développement urbain et services écosystèmiques : une analyse du marché foncier." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCG002.
Full textSince the end of the industrial revolution, scientists as well as politicians have been interesting in the questions related to the optimal shape of cities. Initially, a majority branch advocates for a « garden city », with open space and low density. However, the paradigm has turned over time and especially after the rise of new environmental stakes. The public debate is now focused on the need to intensify urban growth and to combat urban sprawl. This raises the question of the validity of such measures and, more broadly, of the design of a public intervention strategy on the land market ensuring urban development compatible with the preservation of the environment. This thesis proposes to contribute to the debate on the optimal forms of sustainable cities by answering the following question: is it possible to reconcile urban development and environmental preservation? More specifically, is the compact city a form of sustainable city? If so, is it the only one? Is the provision of ecosystem services conditioned by the urban structure and, if so, what services and how? Through a micro-economic analysis of the land market, and using the concept of ecosystem services, we propose to answer these questions. In general way, this thesis reveals the following major element: due to the complexity of the link between the different ecosystem services and the interconnections between them and urban development, the conclusions on sustainable city structure can only be done in conditional terms. This result is an invitation to undertake adequate researchs upstream in order to better grasp and foresee the potential perverse effects associated with the promotion of a single form of sustainable city, as is currently the case with the paradigm of the compact city
Flamant-Hulin, Marion. "Pollution intérieure et santé respiratoire : données issues des milieux urbain et rural." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066721.
Full textBlay, Jean-Pierre. "Chantilly, le développement urbain et le monde des courses, 1834-1914." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010649.
Full textSangaré, Issa Bakary. "Assainissement urbain, organisation des villes et développement écologique : vers "l'autonomie durable" ?" Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR2028.
Full textBellinha, Paulo Roberto Tavares. "Médias et développement urbain : sur l'usage social de la communication architectonique." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05H036.
Full textA sociological reading of today's architectural production will reveal the power of communication these buildings are fraught with, although there is no effectively taking this dimension into acount without referring not only to the professionnal tasks, but also to the uses revealed by the dreamlike character of the architectural forms, and the nearer we get to their social appropriation, the better we can see the part they play as mediator. The resulting theatricality is at the origin of the three analysis levels, as well as three reading possibilities intrinsically knit into them. (. . . )
Sakarsono, Raden-Waluyo. "La Politique des transports urbains et développement urbain de Surabaya (Indonésie)." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENPC9911.
Full textMassoud, Mohammad. "Espace habité et développement rural en Iran." Aix-Marseille 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX32047.
Full textThis is a qualitative research about rural vernacular housing in iran. The study field is formed by 3 regions distinguishable by specific architectural type and living mode : central highland (interior iran), persian gulf coast (kuzistan), caspian sea coast (guila-). In a first part, author studies traditional housing - its spatial conceiving, its mode of construction and local building materials - in order to elaborate elements necessary for a new reflection about present-day rural housing. Final propositions take also into account environmental factors and living modes : author wasts to demonstrate that, if architectural patrimony is perfectly inte- grated to "space", a new conceiving for present-day housing materialize also in "time". In a second part, housing is considered as element of a rural policy, itself included in a framework of selfsufficient, decentralized and global development. Here, author emphazises choices of appropriate technologies. Finally, proposed trends could be applied to many others third world countries, according to their own economical potentialities and cultural specificities
Tchetche, Georges Dimy. "Processus d'étude psychopathologique en milieu rural et urbain en Côte d'Ivoire." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601460k.
Full textTchetche, Georges Dimy. "Processus d'étude psychopathologique en milieu rural et urbain en Côte d'Ivoire." Grenoble 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE29024.
Full textBeka, Beka Annie. "Croissance et aménagement urbain à Libreville (Gabon) : l’impasse foncière." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100051.
Full textThe most striking of these last forty years is the major transformation of Libreville, because of a very rapid urban growth. It is characterized by a high concentration of population and a dramatic expansion space mainly because to migratory movements. However, the constant arrival massive and uncontrolled populations in the city led to the proliferation of sub-integrated neighbourhoods, densely built and unhealthy. Indeed, when new immigrants arrive, their main concern is to find a roof. They have not at their disposal plots; colonize the empty spaces, inconstructibles, mostly beside the parent or the friend, first arrived in Libreville. This illegal occupation of spaces leads inevitably impact on the distribution plan landscape, and hence of urban development and especially the precarious land it caused. The public no longer able to offer land because of economic crisis, legitimate illegality by regulating land that originally were acquired unlawfully. Libreville has grown without any pattern of urban development. The existing land regulations do not guarantee access to the land for the greatest number. The procedures are lengthy and complex, which is likely to discourage those who want to venture. How to facilitate access to property to the greatest number, while respecting the harmonious development of the city? We have proposed revision procedures, adapting to the mores and customs of the people
Badawi, Masaoud. "Jablé (Syrie) et son territoire à l'époque hellénistique et romaine : développement urbain et culture matérielle." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010535.
Full textMontagne, Clémence. "Développement urbain et planification urbaine à Abu Dhabi et à Dubaï. Politiques, acteurs et mobilité." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040152.
Full textThis dissertation aims at setting the first bases for a research on public transport in the Arab Gulf. Abu Dhabi and Dubai are two cities facing new challenges to sustain their urban developments, wishing to stay at the cutting edge of the race for the urban innovation in the Middle East. Both are engaged in diversification plans of their urban economy to sustain their development, labelled differently for both cities (Smartest City, Masdar City). We are reviewing planning measures taken to adapt these urban territory having known a spectacular growth since the 1990s which became significant on the global scale since the 2000s. Meanwhile, and almost consecutively a large modernization plans of public transport networks have been implemented in Abu Dhabi (DoT Bus) and in Dubai (Dubai Bus, Dubai Metro, Dubai Tram). Has the city making of both cities adapted to the new conditions due to the new policies and transit network? Has the new public transport infrastructure development in the induced a renewal of the city making processes? How has the city making process and regulation adapted to the new transit network? Few surveys and mostly qualitative interview of institutional actors in the several agencies that represent the operational and legal urbanism have been a tool added to the analysis of urban policies, the study of urban projects and actors strategy involved in urban development. We aim at putting into perspective the public transport policies, the official discourses and the urban sustainable planning, with the actual developments. We will study also the way the public transit networks is used to understand to which extent it fits the urban daily mobility requirements of Dubai and Abu Dhabi
Bony-Cisternes, Romain. "Collectivités locales et développement urbain au Vietnam : approches juridiques et pratiques de la décentralisation." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0033/document.
Full textVietnam is a one-party state, centrally administered. This centralization stems from Vietnam's History and does not fit to the increasing urbanization of Vietnamese cities. As drivers of Vietnam's growth (since the early years of Đổi mới policy, at the end of the 80's), Vietnamese cities still suffer from serious impediments related to excessive administrative centralization. Although insufficient, greater decentralization is required to address the phenomenon generated by a fast and uncontrolled urbanization (rural exodus, cities extension, land management, access to core services, transports, preservation of public goods, air quality, access to housing, environment, etc.) and to allow local governments to gain greater financial autonomy (the need for urban infrastructure is constantly increasing). Our main hypothesis is that the local governments (comprising People's Committees, Local sections of the Communist Party of Vietnam, local state-owned enterprises) should be the financial focal point and decision-making center of urban development in Vietnam. Which decentralization do Vietnamese local governments need to address urban-related phenomenon? Which legal background for local governments autonomy in Vietnam? Our PhD research will seek to answer those interrogations
Babar, Louise. "Grande propriété foncière et développement urbain: le cas bruxellois, XIXe-XXe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209074.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Benkhelil, Hassan. "Conception et réalisation d'un micro-simulateur de pluie pour les milieux rural et urbain." Artois, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ARTO0208.
Full textThe study of the phenomena of hydrous erosion, streaming and infiltration of the ground is essential for the comprehension of many environnemental problems. These phenomena can beat the origine of the fall of productivity of the grounds of water pollution of surface and underground of floods of the residential areas and setting in danger of the infrastructure researching aiming to bether apprehending them is largely simplified when the experimenter has the control of the factor rain
Lompech, Michel. "Décollectivisation et politique de développement rural en Slovaquie." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30091.
Full textThis research studies the pathway of agricultural transition in Slovakia which is characterized by the persistence of co-operatives and the increase of rural unemployment. The first part is about agrarian legacies before the institution of socialist system. The peasantry conserved until 1950 traditional segments of social organisation which were not completely modernized by later upheavals. Since the collapse of socialist system, the large-scale farming remains because the land partition and a big social consensus favourable to protection of co-ops put obstacles in the way of post-socialist transformation. The second part is devoted to territorial studies. Two monographs speak about okres which are confronted with important problems of unemployment. The author evaluate the local mobilization on the basic level of mikroregion. The last part evaluates potentials and players for rural development in the context of administrative reform
Rief-Vernay, Barbara. "Construire sur le passé. Patrimoine culturel urbain et politiques de Développement : étude comparative sur le rôle des quartiers historiques dans les politiques de développement urbain de Vienne et de Budapest." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100037/document.
Full textMore than ever, European metropolises are concerned about their built heritage, its rehabilitation and staging. With the recent postmodern reassessment of the object “old town”, cities are rediscovering their own historic districts, formerly neglected, and are elevating them into a cultural heritage rank. Such promotion does not only appear in the guise of reconstruction of old building stock and its presentation but also by integrating built heritage into marketing and urban development strategies. In an international context, and particularly in light of competition amongst cities, they are increasingly defining themselves through their cultural potential by referring to their origins, their traditions and their built heritage. In essence, old quarters have become showcases of their cities, making them major coordinates of identity and image. It is due to these qualities that they are considered suitable to attract tourists, investments, qualified workforce etc.This study aims at examining the utilisation of urban heritage in the urban development strategies of Vienna and Budapest, two Central European metropolises, both of which boast a vast urban heritage. The study is based on two underlying hypotheses: Firstly, the urban cultural heritage is an intellectual construct of the present, which responds to current needs of society. Secondly, urban heritage can be functionalised as a resource for economic and urban development in postfordist urban policies
Badiane, Etienne. "Développement urbain et dynamiques des acteurs locaux : le cas de Kaolack au Sénégal." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00114062.
Full textDans ce contexte, les villes sénégalaises sont soumises à la nécessité de coopérer avec de nouveaux acteurs pour relever les défis posés par leurs dysfonctionnements.
Ainsi, depuis 1996, la commune de Kaolack a compris que l'enjeu majeur du développement urbain tournait autour de la construction de nouvelles relations de partenariat. La mise en place du Comité de Développement de Kaolack (CODEKA), réunissant tous les acteurs, traduit concrètement la volonté d'impulser des cadres facilitant un développement local participatif. L'observation de la ville de Kaolack illustre les mécanismes qui sont à la base de cette évolution ; ils mettent notamment en lumière le nouveau type de relations qu'entretient le pouvoir politique avec la société civile
Abd, Alkadhim Mohammad Jawad. "La ville de Bagdad : intérêts et perspectives d'une stratégie de développement urbain durable." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH035/document.
Full textThis research questions the interrelation of urban development and sustainable development, in the sense that sustainable development could be operationalized in the urban environment and at a variety of strategic levels of the city. Within this objective, this research seeks to achieve, through the case study of the research (Baghdad), a better understanding of this relation, especially by its prospective implications for Baghdad. To achieve this goal, the research involves a critical assessment of whether, the dynamics (challenges and responses) and current urban changes (economic development, social transformations and the extent of public involvement, and the political transition), as well as urban development projects actually developed through local reconstruction efforts and impact of the process of globalization, could be invested and oriented to create a favourable ground to start an implementation of the sustainable development. However, before proceeding to the last ambitious step, the research aims to address the main research question through three structural phases: firstly through history in order to see how the creation of the city began, its formation, how it was developing and transforming up to its current situation. Secondly, for highlighting and analyzing the consequences and current problems of the city development and their impact on various aspects of the urban condition (society, culture, environment, politics, etc ....), in order to establish an understanding of current debates and contradictory efforts on the development of Baghdad city. Thirdly, beyond a theoretical research on the concept of sustainable development and a review of some points of view and theoretical perspectives from which this concept was approached, the research explicitly leads to a better understanding of how it could be possible to engage properly in the new commitment to an appropriate development and sustainable future for the city of Baghdad. It is important to remind here that this approach takes place in a context where the role of sustainability has not received appropriate attention of the research, in terms of analysis of the various advantages and disadvantages that are relevant to the context. In this respect, although there are some similarities between the cities around the world, as well as there are a lot of global common elements on development of the city, there are also local and regional dimensions that play an important role. With respect to these dimensions the study reveals that Baghdad is unique (in the sense of unusual) for the implementation of urban development policies. The research also aims to develop a strategic vision for the city's sustainable urban development, focusing primarily on the strategic approaches that take into account the complexity of the management and development of the city. Finally, the research proposes an attempt to outline a master plan to control both urban form and growth in any change, while ensuring a proper orientation to a city more responsive and “sustainable”
Nziengui, Yvon PL. "Les bas-fonds de Libreville (Gabon) : un enjeu de développement urbain et d'aménagement." Bordeaux 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR30075.
Full textThe site of Libreville is characterized by a hilly landscape, makes of hills, but especially boxed small valleys and wide swampy valleys: the slums. At first, the city evolved on hills and zones exshowers, avoiding systematically the stiff slopes, the boxed small valleys and the swampy zones. With the increase in population of the 1970s and in the absence of any planning, the urbanization continued in the slums creating sub-integrated districts where concentrate the main urban troubles. In the physical depressions thus settled down the social depressions, making of Libreville a city mined by the urban problems of any orders. The floods, the landslides and the collapses coexist with the insalubrity and the problems of health, the poverty and the precarious living conditions. The slums, still called matitis or mapanes, represent more than 80 % of the built surface today and are the expression of a not mastered urban growth. For a long time indicated as spaces of socio-spatial segregation, matitis is henceforth places of social coeducation where meet themselves populations of various social classes. To envisage the development of the Gabonese capital supposes the drastic arrangement and the viabilisation of mapanes. It also supposes that the local authorities take in hand and supervise the urban growth. For that purpose, the application of the principles of good governance turns out authoritarian in a city which lived at the rate of the more or less scandalous diversions of the public deniers. The eradication of matitis is a challenge for authorities and a chance for thousands of populations which live there
Badiane, Étienne. "Développement urbain et dynamiques des acteurs locaux : le cas de Kaolack au Sénégal." Toulouse 2, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00114062.
Full textFrom 1960 to the end of 1980s, Senegal organizes his State on a strongly centralized model, with for characteristic a strong dependence of local governments towards the central power. In front of the economic and financial crisis of the 80s, this model quickly finds its limits. The bankruptcy of the central powers and the little convincing results of PAS, create the decentralization (notably the municipalisation) as the allowing alternative to hold up the dynamics of the development. In this context, the Senegalese cities are subjected to the necessity of cooperating with new actors to meet the challenges following ensue their dysfunctions. So, since 1996, the municipality of Kaolack understood that the major stake in the urban development turned around the construction of new relations of partnership. The implementation of the Committee of Development of Kaolack ( CODEKA), gathering all the actors, translates concretely the will to impulse frames facilitating a participative local development. The observation of the city of Kaolack illustrates the mechanisms which are on the base of this evolution; they notably put in light the new type of relations which maintains the political power with the civil society