Academic literature on the topic 'Deviant behavior - Case studies'

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Journal articles on the topic "Deviant behavior - Case studies"

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Tretyakova, Olga. "Legal and Ethical Aspects of Media Coverage of Deviant Behavior." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 498–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2020.9(3).498-513.

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This article deals with media coverage of destructive deviant behavior, particularly, suicides and drug addiction. Presentation of deviant behavior by the media is closely linked to romanticization of crime in the contemporary mass culture, which is a dangerous phenomenon for the society. Mass media products that tell about deviant behavior have a strong psychological impact since criminal romanticism is so widespread in mass culture that criminal and deviant behavior is sometimes presented as a role model. The author studies legal and ethical aspects of media coverage of deviant behavior, gives an analytical review of legal rules and recommendations for journalists on how to cover cases of suicide or drug abuse. The latter have been worked out by either regulatory agencies or authorities interested in this process. Moreover, one cannot find such rules or recommendations either in the Code of Professional Ethics of Russian Journalists or in the draft of the Standard of Media Ethic developed by the Public Panel for Complaints about the Press of Russian Union of Journalists. The article describes compositional, lexical and stylistic means of romanticizing deviant behavior, and analyzes coverage of suicides and drug abuse by the example of media content of Russian popular newspapers Rossiyskaya Gazeta and Komsomolskaya Pravda. The most common means include an eye-catching title, shifting the focus from the case of deviant behavior to the agent’s outstanding personality traits, the author’s affective evaluation of the case, evocative lexicon, and quotes or reminiscences that justify or approve of the deviant behavior. The author infers that the means of romanticising deviance by the mass media correlate with the techniques which regulatory agencies and experts recommend journalists to avoid. Therefore, the usage of these means may be considered a bad violation of journalists’ professional ethic.
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Torres-Baumgarten, Gladys, and Elizabeth A. McCrea. "When Deviant Behavior In The Workplace Gets Technical." Review of Business Information Systems (RBIS) 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/rbis.v12i1.4392.

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Workplace deviant behavior typologies typically include absenteeism, theft, incivility and violence. Three recent case studies are reviewed that indicate computer sabotage should be added to these classifications.
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Chikunda, Plaxcedes. "Exploring Sociocultural Structures that Generate Learner-Deviance within Murambinda Growth Point in Buhera, Zimbabwe." IRA International Journal of Education and Multidisciplinary Studies 12, no. 1 (August 1, 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jems.v12.n1.p2.

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<p>Learner deviance is reportedly high in areas transforming from a rural to semi-urban setup. In Murambinda growth deviant activities were reportedly on the rise with learners involved in prostitution, drug and alcohol abuse, truancy, teenage pregnancy, hate speech, pornography viewing, careless talk and many more appear to be on the rise. The Functionalist perspective was used to explore learner deviance and Robert K. Merton’s structural strain theory provided analytical tools to explore sociocultural structures that generate such learner deviance within Murambinda growth point. A case study approach was employed focusing on two secondary schools in the growth point. Data was gathered using interviews and observations to a sample of 20 teachers, 40 learners and ten parents. The major findings were that despite positive factors brought about by the establishment of the growth point, deviant activities that impede learning are on the rise. The imbalance, between cultural goals and structurally available means lead some learners into deviant behavior. The researcher recommended that similar studies should be carried out among schools in growth points in order to improve behavior and pass rate of secondary school learners in growth points. Policies should also look into remedying the situation.</p>
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Damayanti, Ratna Ayu. "Restoration of Budget Control: How It Should Be? A Case Study of The Local Government of Indonesia." GATR Accounting and Finance Review 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/afr.2018.3.3(3).

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Objective - This research aim is to examine the phenomenon of budget control and deviant behavior in order to answer the question: "how should budget control in the government sector be in order to effectively prevent deviant behavior such as budgetary slack?" The study focuses on local governments in Indonesia, where such controls have not been able to combat budgetary slack, which has led to widespread corruption. Methodology/Technique - This study uses the Habermas method to criticize budgetary control practices that continue in the present day. Findings - By creating a public space over localized wisdom-based control, known as an informal control system, the weakness of formal control systems in overcoming budgetary slack with be reduced. Novelty - This study takes a critical approach, while most previous studies have adopted a positivistic approach or an interpretative study. Type of Paper: Empirical. Keywords: Budget; Budget Control; Budgetary Slack; Local Wisdom; Public Sector, Indonesia. JEL Classification: M10, M14, M19.
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Pohlmann, Markus, Kristina Bitsch, and Julian Klinkhammer. "Personal Gain or Organizational Benefits? How to Explain Active Corruption." German Law Journal 17, no. 1 (2016): 73–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200019696.

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Corrupt practices in organizations are commonly explained via the rational choice of individual employees, with the benefits of deviant actors at the heart of the theoretical approach. This Article challenges the rational choice perspective with reference to cases of corruption in which the organizational benefits are crucial and personal gains negligible. The authors propose to embed the concept of “useful illegality” (Luhmann) into an institutional theory framework and develop a set of indicators for the systematic comparison of individual case studies. Exemplary analyses of two landmark cases of corporate bribery on behalf of German corporations' subsidiaries abroad (Siemens ArgentinaandMagyar Telekom) show that active corruption was neither simply a function of individual deviance, nor of personal gain. In contrast, institutional theory allows the modeling of organizational deviance as a function of unwritten rules that lend legitimacy to the deviant behavior of bribe payers. Despite plentiful opportunities in the periphery of these two multinational corporations, the few instances of personal gain were either in line with the organizational incentive structures (as inTelekom) or attributable to the loss of membership (as inSiemens). Mostly high-ranking employees, loyal to their organization, committed those crimes at high personal risks. The discussion of factors that explain why these “company men” nonetheless complied with the unwritten rules, in support of organizational benefits, leads the authors to conclude with likely consequences for effective regulation. They argue that it is the usefulness of the illegal behavior for the organization, its entrenchment in organizational cultures, and amplified adaptation problems with regard to changing institutional environments that explain what makes corrupt practices so hard to control and to regulate in a formal legal organization.
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Туркаева, Л. В. "PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DEVIANT BEHAVIOR IN TEENAGERS: FEATURES AND REASONS." Вестник ГГНТУ. Гуманитарные и социально-экономические науки, no. 2(20) (June 30, 2020): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.34708/gstou.2020.98.58.010.

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Научная актуальность данной темы обусловлена тем, что семья как ячейка современного общества выступает фундаментальной основой социально-правовой политики государства, является одним из критериев повышения уровня семейных ценностей в плане воспитания детей, совершенствования так называемого «родительского» института, пропаганды значимости образа семейной жизни. Основополагающим показателем социально-правового развития Российской Федерации на современном этапе является гарантия безопасности детей и подростков. В свою очередь, это проявление превентивной функции государства в лице соответствующих органов внутренних дел. Познание сущности профилактической деятельности правоохранительных органов имеет важное предназначение, поскольку задача предупреждения правонарушений среди подростков должна отличаться систематично-эффективной результативностью. Иначе нет смысла вести активную работу в поиске действенных средств в борьбе с антисоциальными проявлениями. Необходимость усиления профилактических мер воспитательного воздействия возрастает с каждым днем. Ребенок должен осознавать и чувствовать защиту своих конституционных прав и свобод. Научные исследования показали необходимость правового просвещения детей посредством государственного механизма воздействия с учетом особенностей образовательных учреждений, возрастного ценза и домашних условий, в которых воспитывается ребенок. При этом положительная динамика будет наблюдаться лишь комплексным подходом всех государственных органов в лице трех ветвей власти (законодательная, исполнительная и судебная), используя опыт европейских держав с последующей унификацией норм международного права. The scientific relevance of this topic is due to the fact that the family, as a unit of modern society, acts as the fundamental basis of the state’s social and legal policy, is one of the criteria for increasing the level of family values in terms of raising children, improving the so-called “parental” institution, and promoting the importance of family life. The fundamental indicator of the socio-legal development of the Russian Federation at the present stage is the guarantee of the safety of children and adolescents. In turn, this is a manifestation of the preventive function of the state in the person of the relevant internal affairs bodies. Understanding the essence of law enforcement preventive activities has an important purpose, since the task of preventing delinquency among adolescents must be systematically effective. Otherwise, it makes no sense to actively work in the search for effective means in the fight against antisocial manifestations. The need to strengthen preventive measures of educational impact is increasing every day. The child must be aware and feel the protection of his constitutional rights and freedoms. Scientific studies have shown the need for legal education of children through the state mechanism of influence, taking into account the characteristics of educational institutions, age qualification and home conditions in which the child is brought up. In this case, the positive dynamics will be observed only by the integrated approach of all state bodies represented by the three branches of government (legislative, executive and judicial), using the experience of the European powers with the subsequent unification of international law.
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Lester, David, John White, and Brandi Giordano. "Cannibalism." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 70, no. 4 (March 2015): 428–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222815573732.

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A dataset of 73 variables was complied on 345 serial killers, 31 of whom who engaged in cannibalism. A distinction was made between those who engaged only in cannibalism, those who engaged in necrophilia, and those who engaged in both or neither. Those who engaged in both cannibalism and necrophilia were the most psychiatrically disturbed and deviant, but those who engaged in only cannibalism were more disturbed and deviant in their actions than those who engaged in neither behavior.
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Matahari, Ratu, Khoiriyah Isni, and Fitriana Putri Utami. "Pemberdayaan Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja Anggota Bina Keluarga Remaja (BKR) melalui Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) di Desa Potorono, Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta." Engagement: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 5, no. 1 (May 30, 2021): 196–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.29062/engagement.v5i1.358.

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The lack of open communication between parents and children triggers adolescents to engage in deviant behavior, including premarital sex. This activity aims to improve the knowledge and communication skills of BKR members regarding adolescent reproductive health as an effort to reduce the incidence of unwanted pregnancy and early marriage in Padukuhan Mertosanan Kulon, Potorono Village. The interventions provided were in the form of counseling and roleplay as well as discussion of case studies related to adolescent reproductive health. Based on the results of the intervention, knowledge about reproductive health increased, participants were skilled in solving problems in case studies and were able to practice health communication to adolescents. It is very important to carry out regular adolescent reproductive health education activities for BKR members.
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Gerard, Joseph A. "Improvised routines driving best practices: investing in disobedience." Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 17, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 525–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-07-2018-0048.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine different processes four organizations use to achieve best practices. There is an apparent contradiction between projects designed to create innovation and rigid rule following used for productivity. While both contribute to best practices this study describes a third source. Employees disobeyed rules and, in some cases, the results became best practices. This study identifies three management responses to deviant employee behaviors. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a multi-case field study design built upon organizational theory in the area of work structures. It uses qualitative methods based on grounded theory. Interviews, observations and archival data were used to triangulate findings. Four firms were selected to participate. One global and one regional accounting firm were compared and contrasted with one global and one regional manufacturing firm. Findings The paper provides insights about how change occurs not only from intentional innovation but also from disobeying rigid rules designed to enhance productivity. It also highlights three specific management responses to deviant behavior and the conditions under which each is selected. Research limitations/implications Because of the chosen research approach, this research may not be easily generalized. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to further test the proposed conclusions. The paper expands organizational routine theory to examine how improvisation may change the structure of a formal work process. Practical implications The paper includes management implications. It suggests that rigid conformance to rules may inhibit a possible source of best practice innovation and gives management potential reasons to rethink imposed constraints. Social implications Relationships of supervisory action to employee performance and productivity become more important when innovation and efficiency are sought in an organization. These relationships should be examined with a specific outcome in mind. There may be a choice between control and discovery that will require further consideration by management. Originality/value Many studies look at processes, procedures and organizational routines, most assuming that what is designed is implemented. Others consider deviant behavior usually in a negative light. This paper provides insights into non-conforming actions by employees and the positive unexpected results that can occur, taking into consideration the studies that took this approach to innovation.
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Putra, Purniadi, Akbar Yuli Setianto, Abdul Hafiz, Mutmainnah ., and Aslan . "Etnopedagogic Studies In Character Education In The Millinneal Era: Case Study MIN 1 Sambas." Al-Bidayah: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Islam 12, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 237–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/al-bidayah.v12i2.547.

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The vulnerability of the moral crisis that occurs in millennial children has led to numerous irregularities such as rape, taurine, extortion, bullying and other negative forms of violence. These changes occur due to globalization and the increasing development of technology, thereby leading to deviant behaviours amongst children. Therefore, character education based on Ethno pedagogy in Islamic basic education institutions is important due to its ability to reduce the impact of negative behaviours on primary-age children. The purpose of this research is to describe the meaning of Ethno pedagogy of MIN 1 Sambas in applying local cultural values. This research uses a naturalistic phenomenology approach through participant observation, interview, and documentation techniques with primary data obtained from students, teachers, parents, and community leaders. The results showed the importance of integrating the self-development program of students based on Ethno pedagogy of Melayu Sambas, familiar with fostering character education in creating local cultures such as the Sambas Malay language. Furthermore, ethnology tends to foster a religious character in the millennial generation, namely religious character, such as the attitudes and behaviour of priests and taqwa applied in everyday life.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Deviant behavior - Case studies"

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Wong, Ying-ching Hilda, and 黃映貞. "Youth subculture in Hong Kong: case studies of young deviants." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31976116.

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Lui, Lai-hing, and 呂麗慶. "Development of deviant subculture and behaviour: case studies in a secondary school in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31977091.

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Ng, Hoi-kit Michael, and 吳海傑. "Criminal record: labeling and job search discrimination." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30446715.

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Phtiaka, Helen. "School deviance : an evaluation of the division between mainstream and special education at secondary school level, with special reference to deviant behaviour; a critical analysis of two case studies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235987.

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Done, Robert Stacy. "Self-control and deviant behavior in organizations: The case of sexually harassing behavior." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284115.

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This dissertation consists of four analyses that examine the relationship between self-control and the likelihood of sexual harassment as deviant behavior in organizations. It was hypothesized that those men and women with lower self-control would also be more likely to engage in sexually harassing behavior. All of the analyses are based on a sample of undergraduate students and a sample of jury pool members. In the first analysis, the psychometric properties of multiple self-control measures were examined. The internal consistency and validity of three self-control measures were examined to determine which of the scales were appropriate for this research. Two of the scales were selected as suitably consistent and valid and were used in subsequent analyses. In the second analysis, the relationship between self-control and the likelihood to engage in sexually harassing behavior was explored. This exploration was conducted using two self-control measures and measures representing the likelihood of both quid pro quo and hostile work environment sexual harassment. In support of proposed hypothesis, those who reported lower self-control also reported a higher likelihood of engaging in sexually harassing behavior. In the third analysis, the predictive ability of a composite self-control measure and its components were compared. Factor analyses revealed the structure that the measure was designed to contain. The components revealed marginal reliability and were relatively ineffective predictors of the likelihood to engage in sexually harassing behavior as compared to the composite measure. And in the fourth analysis, the effectiveness of sexual harassment policies in light of self-control is studied. Policies prohibiting sexual harassment are suggested to reduce this type of behavior, but little empirical research has examined this proposed relationship. This analysis suggests that sexual harassment policies have a consistent, but weak, effect on reducing sexual harassment. Thus, this research has a number of implications. These findings inform theories of sexual harassment, which are often gender-based, and theories of deviant behavior, which are often context-based. These findings also contribute to the use of multiple self-control measures in future research. And finally, the findings suggest practical ways that managers may be able to reduce sexually harassing behaviors in organizations.
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Chan, Kam-wai Dennis, and 陳錦偉. "Unruly pupils in a Hong Kong secondary school: a case study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3195702X.

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Gunes, Ismail Dincer Seward Rudy Ray. "Deviant behavior among young adults Turkish case with an emphasis on family rituals, self-esteem and religiosity /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-6102.

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Chan, Kam-wai Dennis. "Unruly pupils in a Hong Kong secondary school : a case study /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13834277.

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Gunes, Ismail Dincer. "Deviant Behavior Among Young Adults: Turkish Case with an Emphasis on Family Rituals, Self-esteem and Religiosity." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6102/.

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The conduct of young adults has long been a concern in societies. The primary objective of this study was to gain greater understanding of what influences the deviant behavior of young adults in Turkey. Factors assessed in their background included family rituals, self-esteem, religiosity and deviant behavior. It was expected that levels of family rituals, religiosity, self-esteem and other risk factors would be significantly different between incarcerated youth and youth not incarcerated. Overall, these higher levels of family rituals, religiosity, and self-esteem plus lower levels of other risk factors were expected to negatively affect young people's engagement in deviant behavior in Turkey. Walter Reckless' containment theory provided a framework for this study. The non-probability sample of Turkish youths consisted of 205 incarcerated respondents and 200 college students. Each responded to four survey instruments, the Family Rituals Questionnaire, the Culture Free Self-Esteem Inventory, the Religious Background and Behavior Questionnaire, and a Family Information Inventory. Data were gathered cross-sectionally from January through March of 2007. The incarcerated respondents significantly practices less family rituals and had lower levels of religiosity than the college students but they did not differ significantly on self-esteem. Furthermore, overall participation in family rituals was associated with decreased likelihood of committing deviant behavior. Religiosity, which was measured by expression of a God consciousness and performance of formal religious practices, had mixed results. While having a God consciousness decreased the likelihood of committing deviant behavior, performing formal religious practices increased the likelihood of committing deviant behavior. Moreover, higher levels of self-esteem played no significant role in reducing deviant behavior. No significant support was found for Reckless' emphasis on the role of inner containment as an element of social control. However, support was found for the outer containment variable of family rituals playing a significant role in reducing deviant behavior for the respondents. Future research should further explore the role of family rituals, self-esteem and religiosity as well as other relevant risk factors in explaining deviant behavior through longitudinal research designs.
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Durkin, Keith F. "Accounts and sexual deviance in cyberspace : the case of pedophilia /." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-151315/.

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Books on the topic "Deviant behavior - Case studies"

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The sociology of deviance: Differences, tradition, and stigma. Springfield, Ill: Charles C Thomas, 2009.

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Haytin, Daniel Leigh. The validity of the case study: Deviance and self-destruction. New York: P. Lang, 1988.

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Ishiyut u-seṭiyah. [Tel Aviv]: Or-ʻam, 1995.

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Shoham, S. Giora. Ishiyut u-seṭiyah. [Tel Aviv]: Or-ʻam, 1995.

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Horley, James. Sexual offenders: Personal construct theory and deviant sexual behaviour. London: Routledge, 2008.

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Manca, Maura. Devianza e criminalità in adolescenza. Forlì: Experta, 2006.

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Walter, Block. Defending the undefendable: The pimp, prostitute, scab, slumlord, libeler, moneylender, and other scapegoats in the rogue's gallery of American Society. Auburn, AL: Ludwig Von Mises Inst, 2008.

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Donne cattive: Cinquant'anni di vita italiana. Milano: Tartaruga, 1999.

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Folk devils and moral panics. 3rd ed. New York: Routledge, 2002.

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Prisonization: Individual and institutional factors affecting inmate conduct. New York: LFB Scholarly Publishing, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Deviant behavior - Case studies"

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Nau, Sidney D., John H. Koewler, and James K. Walsh. "Sleep Behavior Management." In Case Studies in Insomnia, 175–89. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9586-8_11.

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Boettcher, William A. "Truman Case Studies." In Presidential Risk Behavior in Foreign Policy, 47–112. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403979407_3.

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Boettcher, William A. "Kennedy Case Studies." In Presidential Risk Behavior in Foreign Policy, 113–63. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403979407_4.

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Foy, Kevin. "Not All Unusual Behavior Is Psychotic." In Neuropsychiatry Case Studies, 37–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42190-2_7.

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Maich, Kimberly, Darren Levine, and Carmen Hall. "Assessment Case Studies from Adolescence to Adulthood." In Applied Behavior Analysis, 45–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44794-0_2.

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Ryan-Krause, Patricia. "Disruptive Behavior." In Clinical Case Studies for the Family Nurse Practitioner, 123–26. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785829.ch26.

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Maich, Kimberly, Darren Levine, and Carmen Hall. "Planning-Focused Case Studies from Adolescence to Adulthood." In Applied Behavior Analysis, 119–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44794-0_4.

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Maich, Kimberly, Darren Levine, and Carmen Hall. "Implementation-Based Case Studies from Adolescence to Adulthood." In Applied Behavior Analysis, 191–226. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44794-0_6.

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Maich, Kimberly, Darren Levine, and Carmen Hall. "Evaluation-Centered Case Studies from Adolescence to Adulthood." In Applied Behavior Analysis, 267–307. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44794-0_8.

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Maich, Kimberly, Darren Levine, and Carmen Hall. "Assessment Case Studies for Preschool to School-Age Children." In Applied Behavior Analysis, 3–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44794-0_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Deviant behavior - Case studies"

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Kokal, Sunil Lalchand, and Mohammed Al-Dokhi. "Case Studies Of Emulsion Behavior At Reservoir Conditions." In SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/105534-ms.

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Acharya, U. B. "Effect of Tarmat on Reservoir Behavior: Reservoir Simulation Case Studies." In Middle East Oil Show. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/15690-ms.

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Moreyra, J. D. "Hydraulic Fractures Behavior Evaluation in Vaca Muerta Formation, Case Studies." In SPE Argentina Exploration and Production of Unconventional Resources Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/180988-ms.

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Schlesinger, Dave. "Criticality of Railroad Training." In 2015 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2015-5782.

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With the advent of Positive Train Control (PTC), railroads have significantly expanded their communications, signaling, networking and information technology systems. This has required training for existing staff as well as new staff with experience in these areas from industries other than railroading. At the same time, railroads must ensure that maintenance and operations are supported by properly trained employees who execute their responsibilities consistent with regulatory and railroad requirements. Certainly, this is the case for the vast majority of railroad employees; however, in those rare instances when employees deviate from their training, the results can be catastrophic. This has played out recently at Metro North Railroad, which has suffered five accidents over a ten month period, resulting in six fatalities, one hundred and twenty-eight injuries and twenty-eight million dollars in property damage. The lessons from these tragedies, from the perspective of human behavior, and more specifically, training is discussed. Indeed, these accidents, in part, occurred because the railroad’s training program did not achieve its desired outcome, to mold human behavior; especially while performing safety-critical work. This is consistent with the findings of a recent Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) safety review of Metro North Railroad, which found ineffective training was at least in part to blame for the aforementioned rash of accidents. The rigorous training requirements, that are part of the Rail Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (RSIA), are detailed. These requirements are intended to ensure that employees are properly prepared to maintain and operate these complex systems and have the added benefit of helping to prepare new employees to take the place of departing, highly experienced individuals. Recognizing the criticality of this training, this paper details training best practices and how they can most effectively be leveraged by railroads. Properly applied, they can reduce accidents, stem the loss of institutional knowledge and properly prepare railroad staff to maintain and operate their new PTC systems. This paper discusses how comprehensive training programs should be built on a foundation of organizational understanding, created by conducting training needs analysis. This analysis seeks to identify the current state of knowledge of key personnel, and compares it to that needed to properly support new organizational goals, such as to maintain and operate PTC. These organizational goals, coupled with the training needs analysis findings, then drive the enhancement of existing training programs, and, in some cases, the creation of new programs. In order to maximize effectiveness of these programs, it was found that training must be conducted using real-life case studies and in a manner that is engaging and interactive.
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Amir, Yosef, John Reif, and Nicholas Konkle. "Analytical, FEA and Experimental Methods for Computing the Resilience of Tapped Thread Joints." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-65432.

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Bolted joint behavior is based on many parameters, many of which are not well known or understood. The basic parameters describing the signature behavior of the bolted joint are the fastener and clamped joint flanges’ resilience. The level of confidence in the resilience parameter defines the confidence level of further analysis performed throughout the design phase. For general cases with simple configurations of the bolt and joint members, well-known analytical methods such as VDI 2230 satisfy the purpose of bolted joint analyses. However, in practice there are cases which deviate from the idealized joint, such as complex bolted joint geometry or dissimilar materials which cannot be simplified for an analytical model. The particular case studied here is that of a screw joint or tapped thread joint (TTJ) where the analytical model is ambiguous. In addition, for TTJs that are critical to safety a high confidence in the result is desired, so finite element analysis (FEA) or experimental methods are preferred to assess the resilience of the clamped and tapped flanges. This paper presents FEA modeling as well as analytical methods for complex joints, particularly for TTJ configurations. Resilience values for FEA and analytical approaches are presented, as well as experimental results for validation.
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Al-Hilali, Mazin Mohlab, Mohammed Jawad Zein Al-Abideen, Femi Adegbola, and Antwan Mahran Avedisian. "A Petrophysical Procedure to Evaluate Permeability Behavior in Complex Reservoirs; Case Studies in IRAQI Oilfields." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference & Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/177332-ms.

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Lee, Sukho, John van den Biggelaar, and Marc van Veenhuizen. "Interpreting Laser-Based Fault Localization Results: Case Studies." In ISTFA 2019. ASM International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2019p0168.

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Abstract Laser-based dynamic analysis has become a very important tool for analyzing advanced process technology and complex circuit design. Thus, many good reference papers discuss high resolution, high sensitivity, and useful applications. However, proper interpretation of the measurement is important as well to understand the failure behavior and find the root cause. This paper demonstrates this importance by describing two insightful case studies with unique observations from laser voltage imaging/laser voltage probing (LVP), optical beam induced resistance change, and soft defect localization (SDL) analysis, which required an in-depth interpretation of the failure analysis (FA) results. The first case is a sawtooth LVP signal induced by a metal short. The second case, a mismatched result between an LVP and SDL analysis, is a good case of unusual LVP data induced by a very sensitive response to laser light. The two cases provide a good reference on how to properly explain FA results.
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Saputra, Mochamad D. A., Agustin Putri Wulansari, Zaini Aqlima, and Alan Sigit Fibrianto. "Changes in Behavior Patterns of the Indomaret Customers (Indomaret Case Study on Terusan Surabaya Street of Malang City)." In International Conference on Social Studies and Environmental Issues (ICOSSEI 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200214.056.

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Thornhill, R. Joe, Ciro N. Ramirez, and Clarence L. Long. "Forensic Engineering Case Studies of Machinery Product Designs." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32456.

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Engineering case studies of two product liability lawsuits involving accidents with machinery are presented. The studies focus on the design, manufacturing, and marketing of these products and related legal issues. In the first case study a person riding on the access/egress step of a construction machine was injured when the step failed. Although the step had been damaged prior to the accident, the plaintiff alleged that the step design was defective, and this issue was further confused because the manufacturer had changed the design before the accident. The warnings on the machine and in the manual were adequate, but the judge ruled that neither the injured party’s behavior nor the manufacturer’s warnings could be discussed before the jury. In the second case study, a person was scalded by hot water and steam when he disconnected the inlet hose to a large sprinkler of the type used on a sports field. The product had a foreseeable design defect which directly contributed to the accident. There were also marketing and warning issues because no comprehensive manual was provided which adequately covered the integration of the subassemblies used in the product.
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Al-Hilali, Mazin Mohlab, Mohammed Jawad Zein Al-Abideen, Femi Adegbola, and Antwan Mahran Avedisian. "A Petrophysical Procedure to Evaluate Permeability Behavior in Complex Reservoirs; Case Studies in IRAQI Oilfields (Russian)." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference & Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/177332-ru.

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Reports on the topic "Deviant behavior - Case studies"

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Wang, Chih-Hao, and Na Chen. Do Multi-Use-Path Accessibility and Clustering Effect Play a Role in Residents' Choice of Walking and Cycling? Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2011.

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The transportation studies literature recognizes the relationship between accessibility and active travel. However, there is limited research on the specific impact of walking and cycling accessibility to multi-use paths on active travel behavior. Combined with the culture of automobile dependency in the US, this knowledge gap has been making it difficult for policy-makers to encourage walking and cycling mode choices, highlighting the need to promote a walking and cycling culture in cities. In this case, a clustering effect (“you bike, I bike”) can be used as leverage to initiate such a trend. This project contributes to the literature as one of the few published research projects that considers all typical categories of explanatory variables (individual and household socioeconomics, local built environment features, and travel and residential choice attitudes) as well as two new variables (accessibility to multi-use paths calculated by ArcGIS and a clustering effect represented by spatial autocorrelation) at two levels (level 1: binary choice of cycling/waking; level 2: cycling/walking time if yes at level 1) to better understand active travel demand. We use data from the 2012 Utah Travel Survey. At the first level, we use a spatial probit model to identify whether and why Salt Lake City residents walked or cycled. The second level is the development of a spatial autoregressive model for walkers and cyclists to examine what factors affect their travel time when using walking or cycling modes. The results from both levels, obtained while controlling for individual, attitudinal, and built-environment variables, show that accessibility to multi-use paths and a clustering effect (spatial autocorrelation) influence active travel behavior in different ways. Specifically, a cyclist is likely to cycle more when seeing more cyclists around. These findings provide analytical evidence to decision-makers for efficiently evaluating and deciding between plans and policies to enhance active transportation based on the two modeling approaches to assessing travel behavior described above.
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Asenath-Smith, Emily, Emma Ambrogi, Lee Moores, Stephen Newman, and Jonathon Brame. Leveraging chemical actinometry and optical radiometry to reduce uncertainty in photochemical research. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42080.

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Subtle aspects of illumination sources and their characterization methods can introduce significant uncertainty into the data gathered from light-activated experiments, limiting their reproducibility and technology transition. Degradation kinetics of methyl orange (MO) and carbamazepine (CM) under illumination with TiO₂ were used as a case study for investigating the role of incident photon flux on photocatalytic degradation rates. Valerophenone and ferrioxalate actinometry were paired with optical radiometry in three different illumination systems: xenon arc (XE), tungsten halogen (W-H), and UV fluorescent (UV-F). Degradation rate constants for MO and CM varied similarly among the three light systems as k W-H < kiv-F < kXE, implying the same relative photon flux emission by each light. However, the apparent relative photon flux emitted by the different lights varied depending on the light characterization method. This discrepancy is shown to be caused by the spectral distribution present in light emission profiles, as well as absorption behavior of chemical actinometers and optical sensors. Data and calculations for the determination of photon flux from chemical and calibrated optical light characterization is presented, allowing us to interpret photo-degradation rate constants as a function of incident photon flux. This approach enabled the derivation of a calibrated ‘rate-flux’ metric for evaluating and translating data from photocatalysis studies.
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