Academic literature on the topic 'Diabète de type 2 – physiopathologie'
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Journal articles on the topic "Diabète de type 2 – physiopathologie"
Guillausseau, P. J., and M. Laloi-Michelin. "Physiopathologie du diabète de type 2." La Revue de Médecine Interne 24, no. 11 (November 2003): 730–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0248-8663(03)00244-3.
Full textRigalleau, V., J. Lang, and H. Gin. "Étiologie et physiopathologie du diabète de type 2." EMC - Endocrinologie - Nutrition 4, no. 3 (January 2007): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1155-1941(07)46586-6.
Full textRabasa-Lhoret, Rémi, and Martine Laville. "Physiopathologie des obésités et du diabète de type 2." EMC - Endocrinologie - Nutrition 1, no. 1 (January 2004): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1155-1941(03)00074-x.
Full textBlicklé, J. F. "Physiopathologie du diabète de type 2 : quelles implications thérapeutiques ?" La Revue de Médecine Interne 24, no. 11 (November 2003): 709–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0248-8663(03)00249-2.
Full textFumeron, F. "De l'obésité au diabète de type 2 : épidémiologie et physiopathologie." Sciences des Aliments 25, no. 5-6 (December 28, 2005): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/sda.25.339-347.
Full textCariou, Bertrand. "Physiopathologie du diabète de type 2 : l’os, un nouveau nominé inattendu." Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques 5, no. 1 (March 2011): 35–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1957-2557(11)70025-6.
Full textA., F. "Physiopathologie du diabète de type 2 : insulinosensibilité spécifique des voies métaboliques." Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques 5, no. 5 (October 2011): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1957-2557(11)70308-x.
Full textVergès, B. "Physiopathologie de la dyslipidémie du diabète de type 2 : nouvelles perspectives." Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques 13, no. 2 (March 2019): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1957-2557(19)30043-4.
Full textSacoun, Esther. "Des traitements adaptés à la physiopathologie du diabète de type 2." Option/Bio 22, no. 455 (May 2011): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0992-5945(11)70783-8.
Full textNobecourt, E. "Place du tissu adipeux dans la physiopathologie du diabète de type 2." Annales d'Endocrinologie 68, no. 1 (February 2007): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2007.01.016.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Diabète de type 2 – physiopathologie"
Pereira, Laëtitia. "Physiologie et pathologie du couplage excitation-contraction cardiaque : cardiomyopathie du diabète de type 2." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON1T033.
Full textEbou, Moina. "Régulation du système sérotonine dans la cellule bêta pancréatique par les glucocorticoïdes : implication dans la physiopathologie du diabète." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066637.
Full textType 2 diabetes is now a real global public health problem. It results from a defect of mass and / or function of pancreatic beta cells. The identification and understanding of the mechanisms underlying these defects would help develop strategies to restore the functional beta cell mass. Glucocorticoid hormones (GC), hormones of stress and metabolic adaptation, can inhibit insulin secretion but their mode of action is not yet fully understood. Recently, the neurotransmitter serotonin present in the beta cells has been described as involved in the increase in beta-cell mass during gestation and a modulation of the insulin secretion in mice. In this context, we wanted to determine whether GC could modulate the serotonin system of beta cells. We focused on the enzymes required for serotonin synthesis Tph1 and 2. We could show that the expression of Tph1 and Tph2 1 and Tph2 enzyme was inhibited by GC causing a decrease in serotonin synthesis. We then confirmed the expression of Tph1 and 2 was stimulated by prolactin but also showed for the first time that these enzymes were stimulated by exenatide-4, a GLP-1. In these two stimulating situations, we found that GC exerts a counter-regulatory effect. Finally, we studied the role of serotonin on beta cell function. We were able to show that serotonin can inhibit the secretion of insulin by altering the calcium flux in the pancreatic beta cell. In conclusion, our results show that, within the beta cell, the serotonin system is one of GC target, suggesting that serotonin reduction can be a relay of the effects of GC on beta cells
Grasset, Estelle. "Mécanismes moléculaires régulant l'action du glucagon-like peptide one dans la physiopathologie du diabète de type 2." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30301/document.
Full textAccording to the World Health Organisation, Type II Diabetes, characterized by an alteration of glycemic control, causes numerous death around the world. After a meal, gut secretes Glucagon-Like Peptide one (GLP-1) which regulates glycemia by stimulation of insulin secretion and inhibition of gastric emptying and food intake. Although GLP-1 acts as an endocrine hormone on its target organs through the GLP1 receptor, its action is mainly mediated by nervous pathway involving vagus nerve and gut-brain-periphery axis. Thus, GLP-1 based therapies are used to control glycaemia in type 2 diabetic patients, but, efficiency of the treatment is heterogeneous defining a state of GLP-1 unresponsiveness. Molecular mechanisms involved in this unresponsiveness are not known but could be linked to the changes in gut microbiota (dysbiosis), key element in the development of metabolic diseases. We first found that diabetic mice (high fat diet) are unresponsive to hypoglycemic action of GLP-1 and present enteric neuropathy, impaired gut-brain axis and reduction of GLP-1r and neuronal NO synthase expression in the ileum. In addition, GLP-1-induced nitric oxide production in primary neuron culture is decreased. These effects were also found in germ-free or antibiotic-treated mice under normal chow diet, indicating the involvement of gut microbiota. By contrast, high fat diet mice treated with antibiotics show an improvement of GLP-1 action. This gut incretin action could also depend on the circadian cycle for which we observed a wavering of insulin secretion, GLP-1r expression and gut microbiota. Moreover, the GLP-1 response of control mice is better in the day than in the night and the different mice model resistant to GLP-1 (HFD, axenic or antibiotics) present the same marked variations in the expression of major clock genes. Overall our results show that in type 2 diabetes GLP-1 action is lowered and can be explained by decreased neuronal expression of GLP-1r as well as the NO-dependent signaling pathway regulating insulin secretion induced by GLP-1. Microbiota or the circadian clock seems essential in this GLP-1 sensitivity
Sobngwi, Eugène. "Place du déficit de l'insulinosécrétion dans la physiopathologie du diabète de type 2 : étude de deux populations de descendants de parents diabétiques et d'une cohorte de patients diabétiques de type 2 à tendance cétosique." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077049.
Full textBornaque, Florine. "Rôle de l'épitranscriptome dans la physiopathologie de la cellule β pancréatique." Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDBSL/2021/2021LILUS059.pdf.
Full textThe prevalence of diabetes in the world continues to increase, with an estimate of 700 million patients by 2045. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the development of the disease has become a major public health issue to prevent the progression of diabetes in the world.Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia (> 1.26 g / L) caused by insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and loss of function and / or mass of pancreatic β cells. These cells, present in the islets of Langerhans, are involved in the regulation of carbohydrate homeostasis by secreting insulin, a hypoglycemic hormone that acts on various tissues sensitive to insulin, such as the liver, muscle or adipose tissue. The pathophysiological dysfunction of β cells, following numerous cellular stresses (oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, etc.), is at the origin of the development of T2D.In addition to genetic factors, obesity induced by a diet rich in fats and sugars, physical inactivity and aging are considered to be major environmental risk factors for the development of T2DM. These factors modify the environment of the cells and cause chemical modifications of DNA (methylation of cytosines) or histones (acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination), called epigenetic modifications, thus modulating the expression of many genes and altering, in particular, the identity or function of pancreatic β cells.Other aspects of the regulation of gene expression are little studied in the context of type 2 diabetes. Indeed, RNAs can also be subjected to chemical changes sensitive to environmental signals, such as DNA. These epitranscriptomic modifications correspond to the chemical and reversible modifications of RNA, the most common is m6A methylation, at position N6 of adenosine. The methyl group is added by a protein complex composed in particular of methyltransferases METTL3 and METTL14 and can be removed by demethylases ALKBH5 or FTO. These modifications can be recognized by cytoplasmic or nuclear proteins, which will affect the translation, splicing, stability, structure or localization of RNAs.This modification is involved in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, its role in T2D is still poorly understood, although it has recently been shown that m6A methylation may be altered in the pancreatic islet and affect insulin secretion.Thus, in this thesis work, we hypothesized that the environment, through variations in glycemia or free fatty acid concentrations in the blood, could induce changes in the m6A methylation of RNAs and lead to pancreatic β cell dysfunction during T2D.The results obtained during this thesis show a significant decrease in m6A methylation in the presence of a high concentration of glucose, both in mice and in islets obtained from human donors, associated with altered expression levels of m6A demethylases. Palmitate induces the opposite effect with an increase in m6A methylation and a reduction in the expression of demethylases. In addition, the use of siRNA and/or specific inhibitors demonstrates that these enzymes modulate the expression of genes involved in the identity of pancreatic β cells and insulin secretion stimulated by glucose.These results, combined with data from the literature, suggest that changes in glucose concentration regulate m6A methylation, which plays a key role in controlling gene expression for the identity and function of pancreatic β cells. Thus, our results highlight new mechanisms potentially involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and may therefore contribute to a better understanding of the etiology of this disease
Loffroy, Romaric. "Particularités de l’athérosclérose du sujet non diabétique, diabétique de type 2, et/ou stéatosique non alcoolique : de la physiopathologie aux techniques d’imagerie non invasives." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10282/document.
Full textAtherosclerosis is a major public health problem and is one of the major causes of death in the developed western world today. It is therefore of utmost importance that we understand the mechanisms involved in the evolution and progression of this disease and its associated complications. With the work done for this thesis, we tried to bring forth the importance of non invasive clinical imaging to study the pattern of evolution of atherosclerosis involving the carotid and/or coronary arteries. We also present the role played by imaging in prevention and early diagnosis of associated complications in non diabetic and type 2 diabetic patients, presenting with or without non alcoholic hepatic steatosis. In this study, we evaluated three different clinical research protocols used involving the clinical findings, biochemical as well as radiological examination results. The results of these protocols have been the basis for several peer reviewed international publications till date
Ramin-Mangata, Stéphane. "Le rôle du récepteur aux LDL et de PCSK9 dans le diabète de type 2." Thesis, La Réunion, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LARE0005.
Full textStatins are lipid-lowering drugs widely prescribed to prevent cardiovascular diseases. They inhibit the endogenous synthesis of cholesterol and thereby increase LDLR gene expression by activating the SREPB-2 transcription factor. The positive effects of statins regarding cardiovascular diseases are undisputable. However, their action is limited by the proprotein convertases subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9), the natural inhibitor of the LDL receptor (LDLR), which is also activated by the SREBP-2 transcription factor. As a result, novel lipid-lowering strategies targeting circulating PCSK9 have emerged and have been approved recently. These are the PCSK9 inhibitors. Despite their well-established beneficial effects, the use of high doses of statins for long-term treatments induces in rare instances the onset of type 2 diabetes in predisposed individuals. In addition, “loss of function” genetic variants of PCSK9 are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The effects of long term use of PCSK9 inhibitors on the risk of type 2 diabetes remain to be established. Thus, we hypothesized that cholesterol overload of insulin secreting pancreatic beta cells induced by the overexpression of the LDLR at their plasma membranes following treatment with statins and PCSK9 inhibitors may cause cell dysfunction, lower insulin secretion, and ultimately type 2 diabetes. The aims of my thesis were (i) to determine the circulating levels of PCSK9 and their modulation by statins in patients with type 2 diabetes, (ii) to determine if reduced circulating PCSK9 levels are predictive of new onset type 2 diabetes and finally (iii) to investigate the effect of statins, PCSK9, and PCSK9 inhibitors on beta cell function. Using three cohorts of patients, we showed that circulating PCSK9 plasma levels are increased in patients with type 2 diabetes and that reduced circulating PCSK9 levels are negatively associated with insulin resistance and elevated fasting blood glucose. In human pancreatic sections and human pancreatic beta cell lines, we showed for the first time that PCSK9 is expressed, synthesized and secreted only by beta cells in pancreatic islets. We did not find any significant effect of PCSK9 or PCSK9 inhibitors on glucose stimulated insulin secretion. Altogether, my thesis works underpin that the use of PCSK9 inhibitors in the clinic will probably not be diabetogenic. This is reassuring regarding the development of these new lipid-lowering therapies
Begorre, Marc-Antoine. "Physiopathologie du récepteur de type 2 à l'angiotensine II ( AT2R ) dans le développement du diabète et de ses conséquences cardiovasculaires." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01024122.
Full textBonneville, Nadine. "Influence du contenu en macronutriments d'un repas préalable, standardisé, sur la réponse glycémique et insulinique suite à un exercice de type aérobie chez la femme diabétique de type 2 postménopausée." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26082/26082.pdf.
Full textBegorre, Marc-Antoine. "Physopathologie du récepteur de type 2 à l'angiotensine I l (AT2R) clans le développement du diabète et de ses conséquences cardiovasculaires." Angers, 2013. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01024122/document.
Full textDiabetes is a constantly progressing pathology described by a high blood-glucose levels. Its treatment is currently based on insulin therapy to regulate glycaemia levels, and several drugs standards for cardiovascular diseases. However, a better understanding of mecanisms involved in its physiopathology remain needed to improve patients care. Thus, we studied here the role of angiotensin Il type 2 receptor (AT2R) in development and cardiovascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Indeed renin-angiontensin system is a key regulator of diabetes physiopathology but is targeted mostly by angiotensin Il type 1 receptor antagonists and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. By using two models of diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2) and a AT2R knock-out mouse model that AT2R interestingly possesses two opposite roles in diabetic pathology : it protects from diabetes induction and development but improve vascular complications associated with diabetes as endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. Our results show that AT2R could be a new therapeutic target in diabetes
Books on the topic "Diabète de type 2 – physiopathologie"
Felber, Jean-Pierre. From obesity to diabetes. Chichester, West Sussex, England: Wiley, 1993.
Find full textWilliams, Andrew D. Skeletal muscle in heart failure and type 2 diabetes. New York: Nova Biomedical Books, 2010.
Find full textManaging your diabetes: The only complete guide to type 2 diabetes for Canadians. Toronto: Macmillan Canada, 1998.
Find full textAssociation, American Diabetes. A field guide to type 2 diabetes: The essential resource from the diabetes experts. Alexandria, VA: American Diabetes Association, 2004.
Find full textLeRoith, Derek. Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: From Science to Therapy. Springer, 2012.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Diabète de type 2 – physiopathologie"
Ecochard, Aude Mariani. "Diabète de type 2." In Endocrinologie de l’adolescent, 71–77. Paris: Springer Paris, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0322-7_7.
Full textEcochard, Aude Mariani. "Diabète de type 1." In Endocrinologie de l’adolescent, 49–70. Paris: Springer Paris, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0322-7_6.
Full textMariani Ecochard, Aude. "Diabète insulinodépendant de type 1 : Prise en charge au diagnostic." In Endocrinologie de l’adolescent, 173–82. Paris: Springer Paris, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0326-5_27.
Full textGrimaldi, André, and Agnès Hartemann-Heurtier. "Physiopathologie du syndrome métabolique et du diabète de type 2." In Guide pratique du diabète, 19–29. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-70489-5.00005-9.
Full textAlexandre, J., A. Balian, L. Bensoussan, A. Chaïb, G. Gridel, K. Kinugawa, F. Lamazou, et al. "Diabète de type 2." In Le tout en un révisions IFSI, 477–80. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-70633-2.50164-5.
Full text"Diabète de type 2." In Méga Guide STAGES IFSI, 528–31. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-74529-4.00165-8.
Full textMarchand, L., C. Thivolet, A. Decrequy, R. Coutant, and A. Donzeau. "Diabète de type 1." In Diabétologie de L'enfant, 23–40. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-74942-1.00003-3.
Full textAlexandre, J., A. Balian, L. Bensoussan, A. Chaïb, G. Gridel, K. Kinugawa, F. Lamazou, et al. "Diabète de type 1." In Le tout en un révisions IFSI, 472–76. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-70633-2.50163-3.
Full text"Diabète de type 1." In Méga Guide STAGES IFSI, 523–27. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-74529-4.00164-6.
Full textGrimaldi, André, and Agnès Hartemann-Heurtier. "Le diabète insulinodépendant ou diabète de type 1." In Guide pratique du diabète, 118–34. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-70489-5.00015-1.
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