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Academic literature on the topic 'Diabètes – Complications (médecine) – Physiopathologie'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diabètes – Complications (médecine) – Physiopathologie"
Mohsen, Mroueh Fatima. "Diabète et cancer colorectal : épidémiologie et physiopathologie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ117.
Full textDiabetes is a chronic systemic malfunction characterized by persistent metabolic disturbances that culminate in a high rate of complications to which cancer was recently annexed. In fact, diabetes inflates colorectal cancer (CRC) risk by 1.2-1.5 folds. However, the cellular and molecular pathways involved are not well understood. Our results show that AMPK/mTORC1 pathway is deregulated in both diabetes and CRC. This was paralleled by an elevation in the expression of the NADPH oxidase Nox4 leading to an increase in ROS production. Furthermore, our results show that oxidative stress, secondary to alteration in the level and activity of Nox4 is augmented in diabetes and contributes to the progression of CRC. The resulting oxidative stress further led to an alteration in the signaling of the AMPK/mTORC1 pathways culminating in an exacerbated aggressiveness in cancer cell behavior and colon polyp formation. Our project allows the identification of novel molecular mechanisms involved in diabetes-induced CRC progression and development of effective therapeutic strategies to reverse the progression of CRC in diabetic patients
Nicolescu-Catargi, Bogdan. "Resténose après angioplastie dans trois modèles de rats diabétiques et chez le rat normoglycémique." Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR28918.
Full textAtheosclerotic stenosis and its ischemic complications lead to the need for arterial reconstruction. However, restenosis after baloon angioplasty that results from both intimal hyperplasia and arterial remodeling lead to restenosis, especially in the setting of diabetes mellitus. Therefore the study of restenosis in diabetes (a major cardiovascular risk factor) is of importance. However the ideal animal model to study restenosis on one hand and the animal model that mimics type 2 diabetes in humans on the other hand are still lacking. Furthermore, many of the potential mechanisms promoting restenosis in diabetic patients are related to elevated glucose or insulin levels, or both, but most of them are hypothetical. We have studied the rat carotid artery subjected to balloon injury in three models of diabetic rats (streptozotocin, streptozotocin treated with insulin and Goto-Kakizaki (GK), a genetic model of type 2 diabetes) in comparison of normal, normoglycemic rats. Arterial restenosis after balloon angioplasty was the highest in the GK rats. Intimal hyperplasia played the main role in the lumen loss after angioplasty together with the enhanced expression of TGF and fibronectin, whereas arterial remodeling was the main mechanism in the other models and in the normal rat. We further confirmed the implication of the adventitial layer in neointimal formation. Finally, we have shown that cell proliferation in the adventitial layer was the highest in the GK rat and that adventitial proliferation is supplied by an adventitial angiogenesis. We further found a close correlation between the intimal hyperplasia area and angiogenesis indexes in the adventitia layer. Accordingly, we have found enhanced expressions of HIF-1α (Hypoxia Inducible Factor) and VEGF (Vascular Endothelial growth Factor) suggesting a majpr role of hypoxia in arterial healing and restenosis after restenosis in the GK rat. In conclusion we have shown that intimal hyperplasia is the main mechanism of restenosis in a genetic model of type 2 diabetes, in accordance with most of clinical studies. We suggest a direct implication of the adventitial layer supplied by angiogenesis in restenosis. Even if causality is not established by our study, we suggest the use of recombinant VEGF with caution for revascularisation in the setting of diabetes, since the intimal hyperplasia may be enhanced
Ouslimani, Nadjat. "Effets de la metformine sur la production intracellulaire d'espèces réactives de l'oxygène par les cellules endothéliales aortiques : conséquences sur l'expression des récepteurs RAGE et LOX-1 impliqués dans le dysfonctionnement endothélial artériel au cours du diabète." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05P635.
Full textHyperglycemia is one of the more important reasons of increased production of reactive oxygen species, leading to an intracellular oxidative stress responsible for vascular endothelial dysfunction. Metformin is the more used antidiabetic in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This antidiabetic has beneficial effects on the micro-and macrovascular complications related to diabetes. However, the mechanism of action of these vascular effects is still unknown. Our work has demonstrated that metformin has intracellular antioxidant properties, which reduce oxidative stress in the arterial endothelial cells induced by physiological stimuli of the disease diabetes. That reduces the activation of the PKC transduction pathway and improved endothelial dysfunction, appreciated by the reduction of the expression of two membrane receptors involved in the process macroangiopathique: LOX-1 and RAGE
Caubert, Virginie. "Synthèse de tétrahydroisoquinolines, de bisarylmaléimides, et de bioisostères du 11-(4-hydroxyphényl)benzo[b]naphto[2,3-d]furanne, inhibiteurs potentiels de la protéine-tyrosine-phosphatase 1B." Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR3802.
Full textJoannes, Marie-Odile. "Recherche de polymorphysmes génétiques associés à des complications majeures de pathologies prédominantes en Martinique et en Guadeloupe : la drépanocytose et le diabète." Antilles-Guyane, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AGUY0269.
Full textSICKLE CELL DISEASE (SCD) AND DIABETES MELLlTUS ARE LEADING CAUSES OF MORBIDITY IN MARTINIQUE AND GUADElOUPE. BECAUSE OF THE ASSOCIATION OF SOME GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS AND PATHOlOGIES, WE WONDERED IF SOME GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS COULD PREDICT COMPLICATIONS IN SICKLE CELL PATIENTS AND TYPE 2 DIABETIC WE INVESTIGATED POLYMORPHISM OF GENES INVOLVED IN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM (MYELOPEROXYDASE, HLA, TNF ALPHA, IFN GAMMA, IL6 AND IL10) AS MODULATORS OF INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS IN SCD. WE ALSO TRIED TO FIND AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FABP2 POLYMORPHISM, METABOLIC SYNDROME AND CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN T2D SUBJECTS. OUR RESULTS REVEALED AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MYELOPEROXIDASE POLYMORPHISM AND INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS IN SICKLE CELL PATIENTS JUST AS IFNr POLYMORPHISM. ON THE OTHER HAND, HLA-DRB1*11 COULD HAVE A PROTECTIVE EFFECT AGAINST INFECTIONS. MOREOVER, OUR RESULTS HIGHLIGHTED A PREDOMINANT COMBINATION OF DYSLlPIDEMIA AND OBESITY IN T2D PATIENTS CARRYING THE THREONINE VARIANT OF FABP2
Richardot, Jean-Jacques. "Le diabète sucré en milieu hospitalier : aspects épidémiologiques sur 379 dossiers colligés en 2 ans dans un service de médecine interne." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25205.
Full textTrevisan, Laurence. "Le pied diabétique : physiopathologie, évaluation du coût thérapeutique à l'hôpital." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P117.
Full textPascual, Luc. "Aspects épidémiologiques des complications du diabète dans une population de diabétiques camerounais." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2M137.
Full textArthaud, Anne. "Physiopathologie et diagnostic biologique des ascites cirrhotiques et de leurs complications infectieuses." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P021.
Full textLacquemant, Corinne. "Étude génétique de l'insulino-résistance, du diabète et de leurs complications cardio-vasculaires." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-322-323.pdf.
Full textPar contre, l'incidence des maladies athérosclereuses prématurées a considérablement augmenté ces dernières années a l'île Maurice. Les facteurs de risque généralement associés à cette pathologie sont les anomalies du métabolisme du glucose, des lipides et des facteurs de la coagulation, l'hyperinsulinisme, l'obésité centrale et l'hypertension artérielle. Ce syndrome d'insulinorésistance à une forte composante héréditaire en raison de l'existence d'une forte prévalence de diabète et de maladie coronarienne. L'analyse familiale de liaison dans la population mauricienne nous a permis de détecter des régions liées aux différents facteurs de l'insulinorésistance. D'autres étapes seront nécessaires pour identifier et valider les gènes de prédisposition au développement de ces différentes pathologies