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1
Clarke, K. L. "Validating the Developmental, Diagnostic and Dimensional Interview - Short Form Adult Version (3Di-sva) : a diagnostic interview for autism spectrum disorders in adults." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1471040/.
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Department of Health (2010) guidelines highlight the importance of diagnosis for adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) who have not previously had their condition recognised. Reliable, valid and user-friendly diagnostic tools must therefore be available. Part 1: This section critically appraises and systematically reviews 12 studies examining the NICE (2012) recommended adult ASD diagnostic tools. It concludes that there is good evidence to support the use of the Ritvo Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised(RAADS-R) and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), with some support for the use of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). However the Adult Asperger Assessment (AAA), Asperger Syndrome Diagnostic Interview (ASDI) and Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO) appear to have insufficient evidence at present. Further research is indicated for all the instruments. Part 2: This section presents a study of a new informant report diagnostic tool, the Developmental, Diagnostic and Dimensional Interview - Short Form Adult Version (3Di-sva). The 3Di-sva interview was completed with an informant for 27 ASD and 27 non-clinical comparison participants. It demonstrated good psychometric properties, including good internal consistency and inter-rater reliability, and strong sensitivity and specificity. The 3Di-sva is a time and cost-efficient tool, which could be suitable for use as part of a multi-dimensional adult ASD assessment. The study was completed as part of a joint project with McKenner (2015), who examined the 3Di-sva when used in a clinical comparison population. Part 3: This section is a critical appraisal which reflects upon areas relevant to both the literature review and empirical paper. The main focus of the discussion is upon on the idea of ideal versus achievable research and upon my learning process about research within NHS settings.
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Martini, Julia, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, Claudio N. Soares, Amber Rieder, and Meir Steiner. "New women-specific diagnostic modules: the Composite International Diagnostic Interview for Women (CIDI-VENUS)." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-120170.
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The World Health Organization-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO-CIDI) is a highly structured interview for the assessment of mental disorders, based on the definitions and criteria of the fourth edition of the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Over the past decade it has become evident that the CIDI does not sufficiently address the assessment needs of women. Women are affected by most mental disorders, particularly mood and anxiety disorders, approximately twice as frequently as men. Women-specific disorders, such as Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), psychiatric disorders during pregnancy and postpartum as well as during the perimenopause, menopause and beyond are not addressed by the standard CIDI diagnostic modules. In addition, the CIDI in its current form does not address the potential effect that female reproductive milestones may have on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mental disorders in women. Our aim was to develop a new women specific platform (CIDI-VENUS; CIDI-V) to be embedded in the existing CIDI that will address the above mentioned current deficiencies. Guided by a team of experts in the field of Women’s Mental Health from Canada and Germany the following modules were developed: 1) A complete menstrual history and comprehensive contraceptive history with a link to the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST). 2) A complete perinatal history of pregnancies, miscarriages, terminations, still births, death of a child, with details of current pregnancy including gestation and expected date of confinement, labour history and breastfeeding, history of tobacco, alcohol, and other substance use including prescription drugs during pregnancy and postpartum, a section on specific phobias and on recurrent obsessive/compulsive thoughts/behaviours (OCD) related to the baby with a link to the Perinatal Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (POCS), as well as a link to the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). 3). A detailed history of use of hormone therapy (e.g. pills, patches, implants, etc.) with a focus on (peri-) menopausal women, differentiating between physical and psychological symptoms with a link to the Menopause Visual Analogue Scales (M-VAS) and to the Greene Climacteric Scale. 4) An iterative module concluding each CIDI section to specify the course of mental disorders during the reproductive stages and menopausal transition. While retaining core diagnostic sections and diagnostic algorithms, the CIDI-V is enriched by women-specific diagnostic modules, providing a wealth of clinically relevant information about women’s mental health, not available anywhere else in our current psychiatric diagnostic instruments.
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Martini, Julia, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, Claudio N. Soares, Amber Rieder, and Meir Steiner. "New women-specific diagnostic modules: the Composite International Diagnostic Interview for Women (CIDI-VENUS)." Technische Universität Dresden, 2009. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27109.
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The World Health Organization-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO-CIDI) is a highly structured interview for the assessment of mental disorders, based on the definitions and criteria of the fourth edition of the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Over the past decade it has become evident that the CIDI does not sufficiently address the assessment needs of women. Women are affected by most mental disorders, particularly mood and anxiety disorders, approximately twice as frequently as men. Women-specific disorders, such as Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), psychiatric disorders during pregnancy and postpartum as well as during the perimenopause, menopause and beyond are not addressed by the standard CIDI diagnostic modules. In addition, the CIDI in its current form does not address the potential effect that female reproductive milestones may have on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mental disorders in women. Our aim was to develop a new women specific platform (CIDI-VENUS; CIDI-V) to be embedded in the existing CIDI that will address the above mentioned current deficiencies. Guided by a team of experts in the field of Women’s Mental Health from Canada and Germany the following modules were developed: 1) A complete menstrual history and comprehensive contraceptive history with a link to the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST). 2) A complete perinatal history of pregnancies, miscarriages, terminations, still births, death of a child, with details of current pregnancy including gestation and expected date of confinement, labour history and breastfeeding, history of tobacco, alcohol, and other substance use including prescription drugs during pregnancy and postpartum, a section on specific phobias and on recurrent obsessive/compulsive thoughts/behaviours (OCD) related to the baby with a link to the Perinatal Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (POCS), as well as a link to the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). 3). A detailed history of use of hormone therapy (e.g. pills, patches, implants, etc.) with a focus on (peri-) menopausal women, differentiating between physical and psychological symptoms with a link to the Menopause Visual Analogue Scales (M-VAS) and to the Greene Climacteric Scale. 4) An iterative module concluding each CIDI section to specify the course of mental disorders during the reproductive stages and menopausal transition. While retaining core diagnostic sections and diagnostic algorithms, the CIDI-V is enriched by women-specific diagnostic modules, providing a wealth of clinically relevant information about women’s mental health, not available anywhere else in our current psychiatric diagnostic instruments.
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Lachner, Gabriele, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, Axel Perkonigg, et al. "Structure, Content and Reliability of the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI) Substance Use Sections." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-99961.
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After reviewing currently available diagnostic assessment instruments for substance use disorders this paper describes the format and structure of the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI) substance disorder section. In addition, the test-retest reliability of diagnoses and criteria for nicotine, alcohol, illegal and prescription drugs, is reported. Findings obtained in community sample of adolescents and young adults indicate that the substance section is acceptable for almost all types of respondents, efficient in terms of time and ease of administration as well as reliable in terms of consistency of findings over time. The test-retest reliability over a period of an average of 1 month, as examined by two independent interviewers indicates good-to-excellent kappa values for all substance disorders assessed, with significant kappa values ranging between 0.55 for drug abuse and 0.83 for alcohol abuse. There was also fairly consistently high agreement for the assessment of single DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for abuse and dependence as well as the M-CIDI quantity-frequency and time-related questions. To conclude, although – unlike previous studies – this study was conducted in a community sample and not in patients and used considerably longer time intervals of more than a month between investigations, our M-CIDI reliability findings are at least as high as those from previous studies.
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Lachner, Gabriele, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, Axel Perkonigg, et al. "Structure, Content and Reliability of the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI) Substance Use Sections." Karger, 1998. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26272.
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After reviewing currently available diagnostic assessment instruments for substance use disorders this paper describes the format and structure of the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI) substance disorder section. In addition, the test-retest reliability of diagnoses and criteria for nicotine, alcohol, illegal and prescription drugs, is reported. Findings obtained in community sample of adolescents and young adults indicate that the substance section is acceptable for almost all types of respondents, efficient in terms of time and ease of administration as well as reliable in terms of consistency of findings over time. The test-retest reliability over a period of an average of 1 month, as examined by two independent interviewers indicates good-to-excellent kappa values for all substance disorders assessed, with significant kappa values ranging between 0.55 for drug abuse and 0.83 for alcohol abuse. There was also fairly consistently high agreement for the assessment of single DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for abuse and dependence as well as the M-CIDI quantity-frequency and time-related questions. To conclude, although – unlike previous studies – this study was conducted in a community sample and not in patients and used considerably longer time intervals of more than a month between investigations, our M-CIDI reliability findings are at least as high as those from previous studies.
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Hoyer, Jürgen, Uwe Ruhl, Denis Scholz, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Patients' feedback after computer-assisted diagnostic interviews for mental disorders." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-118556.
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Little is known about how psychotherapy patients perceive and evaluate computer-assisted diagnostic interviews for mental disorders. Using the World Health Organization's Composite International Diagnostic Interview in its computer-administered form, psychologists interviewed 236 psychotherapy patients, who evaluated the interview with regard to content, comprehensibility, and acceptance. More than 87% of patients evaluated the interview positively. Higher symptom severity and comorbidity, but not depression, were associated with a slightly lower but still favorable appraisal. The results indicate that the use of computerized clinical diagnostic interviews, previously usually restricted to research, seems to be a time-efficient, economical, and acceptable approach for the diagnostic phase of psychotherapy. The indications of diminished acceptability among multimorbid and severely disturbed patients warrant further study. Implications for quality assurance and practice research networks are discussed<br>Wir wissen wenig darüber, wie Psychotherapiepatienten computergestützte Interviews für psychische Störungen erleben und bewerten. Trainierte Psychologen untersuchten 236 konsekutive Patienten einer Psychotherapieambulanz mit dem Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) in seiner computergestützen Version.. Danach beurteilten die befragten Patienten das Interview auf der Basis einer 15 Items umfassenden Liste hinsichtlich Inhalt, Verständlichkeit und Akzeptanz. 87% der Patienten bewerteten das Interview positiv, und gaben z.B. an froh zu sein, dass “die Befragung so genau und ausführlich war”. Größere Symptombelastung und höhere Komorbidität, nicht aber das Ausmaß an Depression, waren mit einer etwas schlechteren, absolut gesehen aber immer noch guten Bewertung des Interviews assoziiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass computergestützte Interviews, die bisher fast nur im Forschungsbereich eingesetzt wurden, eine zeit- und kosteneffiziente sowie für den Patienten akzeptable Möglichkeit für die Eingangsdiagnostik psychotherapeutischer Behandlungen darstellen. Die Hinweise auf eine geringere Akzeptanz bei multi-morbiden und stärker beeinträchtigten Patienten sollten weiter untersucht werden. Implikationen für die Qualitätssicherung und Praxisforschungsnetzwerke werden diskutiert
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Hoyer, Jürgen, Uwe Ruhl, Denis Scholz, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Patients' feedback after computer-assisted diagnostic interviews for mental disorders." Technische Universität Dresden, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27055.
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Little is known about how psychotherapy patients perceive and evaluate computer-assisted diagnostic interviews for mental disorders. Using the World Health Organization's Composite International Diagnostic Interview in its computer-administered form, psychologists interviewed 236 psychotherapy patients, who evaluated the interview with regard to content, comprehensibility, and acceptance. More than 87% of patients evaluated the interview positively. Higher symptom severity and comorbidity, but not depression, were associated with a slightly lower but still favorable appraisal. The results indicate that the use of computerized clinical diagnostic interviews, previously usually restricted to research, seems to be a time-efficient, economical, and acceptable approach for the diagnostic phase of psychotherapy. The indications of diminished acceptability among multimorbid and severely disturbed patients warrant further study. Implications for quality assurance and practice research networks are discussed.<br>Wir wissen wenig darüber, wie Psychotherapiepatienten computergestützte Interviews für psychische Störungen erleben und bewerten. Trainierte Psychologen untersuchten 236 konsekutive Patienten einer Psychotherapieambulanz mit dem Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) in seiner computergestützen Version.. Danach beurteilten die befragten Patienten das Interview auf der Basis einer 15 Items umfassenden Liste hinsichtlich Inhalt, Verständlichkeit und Akzeptanz. 87% der Patienten bewerteten das Interview positiv, und gaben z.B. an froh zu sein, dass “die Befragung so genau und ausführlich war”. Größere Symptombelastung und höhere Komorbidität, nicht aber das Ausmaß an Depression, waren mit einer etwas schlechteren, absolut gesehen aber immer noch guten Bewertung des Interviews assoziiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass computergestützte Interviews, die bisher fast nur im Forschungsbereich eingesetzt wurden, eine zeit- und kosteneffiziente sowie für den Patienten akzeptable Möglichkeit für die Eingangsdiagnostik psychotherapeutischer Behandlungen darstellen. Die Hinweise auf eine geringere Akzeptanz bei multi-morbiden und stärker beeinträchtigten Patienten sollten weiter untersucht werden. Implikationen für die Qualitätssicherung und Praxisforschungsnetzwerke werden diskutiert.
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Mthembu, Charity Phumzile. "An evaluation of diagnostic interview styles: a case study for the three categories of psychology." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1441.
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A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Arts in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (Clinical Psychology) in the Department of Psychology at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2015<br>This is a case study for the three categories of psychology: clinical, counselling and educational, and focuses on evaluating the diagnostic interview styles that clinical, counselling and educational psychologists employ when seeing their patients/clients.I t also aims to check consistency in the diagnostic interviewing styles they employ to formulate diagnoses and treatment plans for their patients/clients. The study indicates that psychologists undergo similar training and are regulated by the same professional board (HPCSA), though their scope of practice is not the same. However, the clinical/diagnostic interview is common among all psychologists. If they employ a diagnostic interviewing style that is not appropriate to the client’s/patient’s needs and problems, accurate diagnosis will not be achieved, and proper treatment or intervention will not be possible. This study is unique because it evaluates psychologists’ interviewing styles.
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Kessler, Ronald C., Joseph R. Calabrese, P. A. Farley, et al. "Composite International Diagnostic Interview screening scales for DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-129425.
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Background Lack of coordination between screening studies for common mental disorders in primary care and community epidemiological samples impedes progress in clinical epidemiology. Short screening scales based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), the diagnostic interview used in community epidemiological surveys throughout the world, were developed to address this problem.
Method Expert reviews and cognitive interviews generated CIDI screening scale (CIDI-SC) item pools for 30-day DSM-IV-TR major depressive episode (MDE), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD) and bipolar disorder (BPD). These items were administered to 3058 unselected patients in 29 US primary care offices. Blinded SCID clinical reinterviews were administered to 206 of these patients, oversampling screened positives.
Results Stepwise regression selected optimal screening items to predict clinical diagnoses. Excellent concordance [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)] was found between continuous CIDI-SC and DSM-IV/SCID diagnoses of 30-day MDE (0.93), GAD (0.88), PD (0.90) and BPD (0.97), with only 9–38 questions needed to administer all scales. CIDI-SC versus SCID prevalence differences are insignificant at the optimal CIDI-SC diagnostic thresholds (χ2 1 = 0.0–2.9, p = 0.09–0.94). Individual-level diagnostic concordance at these thresholds is substantial (AUC 0.81–0.86, sensitivity 68.0–80.2%, specificity 90.1–98.8%). Likelihood ratio positive (LR+) exceeds 10 and LR− is 0.1 or less at informative thresholds for all diagnoses.
Conclusions CIDI-SC operating characteristics are equivalent (MDE, GAD) or superior (PD, BPD) to those of the best alternative screening scales. CIDI-SC results can be compared directly to general population CIDI survey results or used to target and streamline second-stage CIDIs.
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Kessler, Ronald C., Joseph R. Calabrese, P. A. Farley, et al. "Composite International Diagnostic Interview screening scales for DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders." Technische Universität Dresden, 2012. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27327.
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Background Lack of coordination between screening studies for common mental disorders in primary care and community epidemiological samples impedes progress in clinical epidemiology. Short screening scales based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), the diagnostic interview used in community epidemiological surveys throughout the world, were developed to address this problem.
Method Expert reviews and cognitive interviews generated CIDI screening scale (CIDI-SC) item pools for 30-day DSM-IV-TR major depressive episode (MDE), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD) and bipolar disorder (BPD). These items were administered to 3058 unselected patients in 29 US primary care offices. Blinded SCID clinical reinterviews were administered to 206 of these patients, oversampling screened positives.
Results Stepwise regression selected optimal screening items to predict clinical diagnoses. Excellent concordance [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)] was found between continuous CIDI-SC and DSM-IV/SCID diagnoses of 30-day MDE (0.93), GAD (0.88), PD (0.90) and BPD (0.97), with only 9–38 questions needed to administer all scales. CIDI-SC versus SCID prevalence differences are insignificant at the optimal CIDI-SC diagnostic thresholds (χ2 1 = 0.0–2.9, p = 0.09–0.94). Individual-level diagnostic concordance at these thresholds is substantial (AUC 0.81–0.86, sensitivity 68.0–80.2%, specificity 90.1–98.8%). Likelihood ratio positive (LR+) exceeds 10 and LR− is 0.1 or less at informative thresholds for all diagnoses.
Conclusions CIDI-SC operating characteristics are equivalent (MDE, GAD) or superior (PD, BPD) to those of the best alternative screening scales. CIDI-SC results can be compared directly to general population CIDI survey results or used to target and streamline second-stage CIDIs.
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Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Lee N. Robins, Linda B. Cottler, Norman Sartorius, J. D. Burke, and Darrel A. Regier. "Cross-cultural Feasibility, Reliability and Sources of Variance of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-108560.
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The CIDI is a fully standardised diagnostic interview designed for assessing mental disorders based on the definitions and criteria of ICD-1Oand DSM-IlI-R. Field trials with the CIDI have been conducted in 18 centres around the world, to test the feasibility and reliability of the CIDI in different cultures and settings, as well as to test the inter-rater agreement for the different types of questions used. Of 590 subjects interviewed across all sites and rated by an interviewer and observer, 575 were eligible for analysis. The CIDI was judged to be acceptable for most subjects and was appropriate for use in different kinds of settings. Many subjects fulfilled criteria for more than one diagnosis (lifetime and six-month). The most frequent lifetime disorders were generalised anxiety, major depression, tobacco use disorders, and agoraphobia. Percentage agreements for all diagnoses were above 90% and the kappa values were all highly significant. No significant numbers of diagnostic disconcordances were found with lifetime, six-month, and four-week time frames.
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Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Lee N. Robins, Linda B. Cottler, Norman Sartorius, J. D. Burke, and Darrel A. Regier. "Cross-cultural Feasibility, Reliability and Sources of Variance of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)." Technische Universität Dresden, 1991. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26759.
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The CIDI is a fully standardised diagnostic interview designed for assessing mental disorders based on the definitions and criteria of ICD-1Oand DSM-IlI-R. Field trials with the CIDI have been conducted in 18 centres around the world, to test the feasibility and reliability of the CIDI in different cultures and settings, as well as to test the inter-rater agreement for the different types of questions used. Of 590 subjects interviewed across all sites and rated by an interviewer and observer, 575 were eligible for analysis. The CIDI was judged to be acceptable for most subjects and was appropriate for use in different kinds of settings. Many subjects fulfilled criteria for more than one diagnosis (lifetime and six-month). The most frequent lifetime disorders were generalised anxiety, major depression, tobacco use disorders, and agoraphobia. Percentage agreements for all diagnoses were above 90% and the kappa values were all highly significant. No significant numbers of diagnostic disconcordances were found with lifetime, six-month, and four-week time frames.
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Ahmadi, Shamila. "The validity and reliability of the abbreviated version of the diagnostic interview for borderlines (DIB-Ab) /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32745.
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Objective. The diagnostic interview for borderline personality disorder (DIB) requires a long duration of administration (45 minutes). This led to the development of a briefer (10 minutes), and therefore more feasible, version of the DIB named the DIB-Ab. It is the aim of this study to test the validity and reliability of the DIB-Ab. Method. Forty-seven previously suicidal adolescents, aged 14--21 years, participated in this study. The DIB-Ab and DIB-R were administered during a battery of tests separated by 130 minutes of unrelated measures. Results. The Pearson correlation coefficient of the DIB-Ab with respect to the DIB-R ranged from .52--.80 with respect to the total scores on three sections (i.e. affect, cognition, and impulse/action). The correlation coefficient of the DIB-Ab ranged from .43--.91 for the total section scores and the same section scores. The standardized alpha for internal consistency of the DIB-Ab ranged from .54--.83 for the total scores and for cognition and impulse/action section scores. Conclusion. The preliminary data analysis revealed that the DIB-Ab is a valid and reliable instrument, and it could replace the parent version in certain research and clinical paradigms.
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Jouet, Martine. "Pathologie psychiatrique chez l'insuffisant rénal en dialyse puis après greffe : étude statistique par diagnostic interview schedule." Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN3073.
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Becker, Michele Michelin. "Tradução e validação da entrevista Autism diagnostic interview-revised (ADI-R) para diagnóstico de autismo no Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/16449.
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Introdução: O autismo é uma síndrome comportamental que vem sendo muito estudada nas últimas décadas. Apesar de muitos progressos em seu entendimento e da associação indiscutível com distúrbios biológicos, ainda hoje não há um marcador biológico que o defina, sendo o seu diagnóstico clínico com base nos critérios da Associação Americana de Psiquiatria (DSM-IV-TR). Desde a década de 1980, questionários, escalas e critérios têm sido criados com o objetivo de tentar uniformizar o diagnóstico e a avaliação de crianças autistas. A entrevista Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) é uma das baterias mais detalhadas para o diagnóstico de autismo e considerada um dos métodos padrão-ouro para diagnóstico de autismo na literatura internacional. Objetivo: Traduzir e adaptar a Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) para a língua portuguesa e validá-la como instrumento diagnóstico de autismo no Brasil. Métodos: Após ser traduzida e adaptada à língua portuguesa pelo método de retrotradução, a entrevista foi aplicada em amostra de conveniência de 20 pacientes autistas e 17 pacientes com retardo mental sem autismo, pareados por idade, tendo por objetivo a avaliação de suas propriedades psicométricas. As entrevistas foram codificadas por dois pesquisadores independentes para a obtenção da consistência externa entre observadores. A validade interna foi calculada pelo coeficiente de fidedignidade de Crombach. A validade de critério foi mensurada através do cálculo de sensibilidade e especificidade, utilizando-se como padrão-ouro os critérios do DSM-IV. Para a avaliação da validade discriminante, foram comparados os escores obtidos pelo instrumento no grupo de autistas com o grupo de indivíduos com retardo mental sem autismo. Também foi avaliada a validade discriminante de cada um dos itens pontuáveis da entrevista. Resultados: A idade dos pacientes variou entre 8 e 16 anos, com média de 11. A validade interna foi alta, com de Crombach de 0,967. A validade de critério teve sensibilidade e especificidade de 100%. A entrevista apresentou alta validade discriminante, com escores significativamente maiores no grupo de pacientes autistas, assim como número maior de respostas 2 nesse grupo e de respostas 0 e 1 no grupo de não-autistas. A consistência externa entre observadores foi alta, com kappa mediano de 0,824. Conclusões: Os cuidados na tradução e a metodologia aplicada no processo de validação permitem concluir que o instrumento traduzido e validado é extremamente útil para o diagnóstico de autismo no Brasil, embora o estudo tenha sido realizado com uma amostra reduzida e em uma área restrita do país.<br>Introduction: Autism is a behavioral syndrome that has been studied deeply over a period of decades. In spite of the progress made in understanding this condition, and the syndrome's unquestionable association with biological disturbances, until today there is not yet a biological marker to define it. The diagnosis is still clinical and is based upon the criteria of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV). Since 1980, questionnaires, scales and criterion have been developed with the objective of standardizing the diagnosis and evaluation of autistic children. The Autism Diagnostic Interview - Revised (ADI-R) is one of the most detailed tool sets for diagnosing autism and is, in international literature, considered one of the gold-standard methodologies for diagnosing autism. Objective: Translate and adapt the ADI-R to the Portuguese language and validate it as a diagnostic instrument for autism in Brazil. Methods: After being translated and adapted to the Portuguese language by the method of retro-translation, the interview was applied in a sample of convenience to 20 autistic patients as well as 17 patients with mental retardation without autism. The subjects were paired by age with the objective of evaluating their psychometric properties. The interviews were codified by two independent researches in order to attain the interrater external consistency. The internal validity was calculated with Crombach's alpha reliability coefficient. The validity of criteria was measured through the sensibility and specificity calculation, using the criteria of DSM-IV as golden-standard. For the evaluation of discriminant validity, the scores generated by this instrument in the autistic group were compared with the group of individuals with mental retardation without autism. The discriminant validity of each one of the punctuated items of the interview was also evaluated. Results: The ages of the patients varied between 8-16 years, and were an average of 11. The internal validity was high with the Crombach's alpha of 0.967. The validity of criteria had a sensibility and specificity of 100%. The interview presented high discriminant validity, with significantly higher scores in the group of autistic patients, as well as a higher number of answers 2 in this group and of answers 0 and 1 in the non-autistic group. The external consistence interrater was high, with a medium kappa of 0.824. Conclusions: Although the study has been performed with only a small sample in a restricted area of the country, care in the translation and the methodology applied through the process of validation allow us to conclude that the validated and translated instrument is extremely useful for the diagnoses of autism in Brazil.
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Vaughn, Aaron. "The Incremental Utility of Behavioral Rating Scales and a Structured Diagnostic Interview in the Assessment of ADHD." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2009. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/235.
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of developmentally inappropriate levels of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Currently, clinicians typically utilize a multi-method assessment battery focusing on identifying the core symptoms of ADHD. Further, current recommendations for a comprehensive assessment of ADHD require a lengthy and costly evaluation protocol despite a lack of evidence supporting the incremental utility of each method. Assessment strategies exhibiting the strongest evidence of reliability and validity include symptom-based rating scales, empirically-derived rating scales, and structured diagnostic interviews (Pelham, Fabiano, & Massetti, 2005), yet, their review provided limited empirical support for this conclusion. Nonetheless, other reviews have noted the lack of research examining whether each procedure and/or method adds unique information to a diagnosis of ADHD (Johnston & Murray, 2003). In order to fill this gap in the literature, the current study examined the independent and incremental utility of multiple methods and informants in a comprehensive, “gold standard” assessment of ADHD. The sample include 185 children with ADHD (Mage =9.22, SD=.95) and 82 children without ADHD (Mage =9.24, SD=.88). Logistic regressions were used to examine the incremental contribution of each method in the prediction of consensus diagnoses derived by two Ph.D. level experts in the field of ADHD following a review of comprehensive assessment data. This study also examined the clinical utility and efficiency of diagnostic algorithms using the methods demonstrating the greatest statistical association with a diagnosis of ADHD. Finding provided an empirical support for arguments espousing the redundancy of information in a comprehensive assessment. Namely, information collected from a structured diagnostic interview was unable to significantly improve a prediction model including parent and teacher ratings (Block X2-= .91 = .64). Importantly, parent and teacher ratings on a symptom-based scale alone were able to correctly classify 265 of 267 participants. Based on these results, a diagnostic algorithm that was derived utilizing only behavioral rating scales was able to classify correctly all 267 participants. Clinical implications are highlighted and future research directions are discussed.
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Spengler, Peter A., and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Procedural validity of standardized symptom questions for the assessment of psychotic symptoms." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-103807.
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The study examines to what degree well-documented present and life-time psychotic symptoms in a group of former psychiatric inpatients are ascertained when using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). The Inpatient Multidimensional Psychiatric Scale (IMPS) and the Manual for the Assessment and Documentation of Psychopathology/Diagnostische Sichtlochkartei (AMDP/DiaSika) Interview-Checklist approach were used for the “clinical” evaluations of symptoms. The results indicate fair concordance between the two clinical approaches and the DIS with regard to the presence of any delusional or hallucination symptoms. Low to poor agreement was found in the assessment of many of the rather specific hallucinations and delusions. Generally, the concordance found was higher when compared to the more clinical AMDP/DiaSiKa approach than to the IMPS. More detailed comparisons with diagnostic subgroups of schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients substantiated the findings in the overall sample. Overall it was reconfirmed that the DIS approach is limited to those patients who are cooperative and at least partly remitted.
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Billstedt, Eva. "Children with autism grow up : use of the DISCO (Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders) in population cohorts /." Göteborg : [Eva Billstedt] : Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Göteborg University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/2576.
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Spengler, Peter A., and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Procedural validity of standardized symptom questions for the assessment of psychotic symptoms: A comparison of the DIS with two clinical methods." Technische Universität Dresden, 1988. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26471.
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The study examines to what degree well-documented present and life-time psychotic symptoms in a group of former psychiatric inpatients are ascertained when using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). The Inpatient Multidimensional Psychiatric Scale (IMPS) and the Manual for the Assessment and Documentation of Psychopathology/Diagnostische Sichtlochkartei (AMDP/DiaSika) Interview-Checklist approach were used for the “clinical” evaluations of symptoms. The results indicate fair concordance between the two clinical approaches and the DIS with regard to the presence of any delusional or hallucination symptoms. Low to poor agreement was found in the assessment of many of the rather specific hallucinations and delusions. Generally, the concordance found was higher when compared to the more clinical AMDP/DiaSiKa approach than to the IMPS. More detailed comparisons with diagnostic subgroups of schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients substantiated the findings in the overall sample. Overall it was reconfirmed that the DIS approach is limited to those patients who are cooperative and at least partly remitted.
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Furaha, Chai Jonathan. "Language use in a medical setting : reconciling explanatory models of illness in the diagnostic interview among the Giriama of Kenya." Thesis, University of Essex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248644.
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Miller, Joseph B. "A comparison of the Performance Diagnostic Checklist and an unstructured interview assessment in guiding intervention selection in an organizational setting." Scholarly Commons, 2004. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2652.
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This study analyzed the efficacy of the Performance Diagnostic Checklist (PDC) as a tool used for developing interventions for performance improvement by comparing the intervention choice rankings of a group that used it to one that did not. This comparison was made by providing professional organizational consultants or university professors and undergraduate students enrolled in related courses with a written scenario concerning an organization in need of performance improvement. These consultants and students were randomly assigned into two groups: (a) one in which the scenario was accompanied by the PDC and (b) one in which the PDC was absent. The results indicated that there was indeed some difference in intervention selection between those who received the PDC and those who did not. However, only the professionals benefited from using the PDC.
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Fröhlich, Christine, Frank Jacobi, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "DSM-IV pain disorder in the general population." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-105073.
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Background: Despite an abundance of questionnaire data, the prevalence of clinically significant and medically unexplained pain syndromes in the general population has rarely been examined with a rigid personal-interview methodology. Objective To examine the prevalence of pain syndromes and DSM-IV pain disorder in the general population and the association with other mental disorders, as well as effects on disability and health-care utilization.
Methods: Analyses were based on a community sample of 4.181 participants 18–65 years old; diagnostic variables were assessed with a standardized diagnostic interview (M-CIDI).
Results: The 12-month prevalence for DSM-IV pain disorder in the general population was 8.1%; more than 53% showed concurrent anxiety and mood disorders. Subjects with pain disorder revealed significantly poorer quality of life, greater disability, and higher health-care utilization rates compared to cases with pain below the diagnostic threshold. The majority had more than one type of pain, with excessive headache being the most frequent type.
Conclusions: Even when stringent diagnostic criteria are used, pain disorder ranks among the most prevalent conditions in the community. The joint effects of high prevalence in all age groups, substantial disability, and increased health services utilization result in a substantial total burden, exceeding that of depression and anxiety.
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Fröhlich, Christine, Frank Jacobi, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "DSM-IV pain disorder in the general population: An exploration of the structure and threshold of medically unexplained pain symptoms." Technische Universität Dresden, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26567.
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Background: Despite an abundance of questionnaire data, the prevalence of clinically significant and medically unexplained pain syndromes in the general population has rarely been examined with a rigid personal-interview methodology. Objective To examine the prevalence of pain syndromes and DSM-IV pain disorder in the general population and the association with other mental disorders, as well as effects on disability and health-care utilization.
Methods: Analyses were based on a community sample of 4.181 participants 18–65 years old; diagnostic variables were assessed with a standardized diagnostic interview (M-CIDI).
Results: The 12-month prevalence for DSM-IV pain disorder in the general population was 8.1%; more than 53% showed concurrent anxiety and mood disorders. Subjects with pain disorder revealed significantly poorer quality of life, greater disability, and higher health-care utilization rates compared to cases with pain below the diagnostic threshold. The majority had more than one type of pain, with excessive headache being the most frequent type.
Conclusions: Even when stringent diagnostic criteria are used, pain disorder ranks among the most prevalent conditions in the community. The joint effects of high prevalence in all age groups, substantial disability, and increased health services utilization result in a substantial total burden, exceeding that of depression and anxiety.
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Sousa, Filho Daniel de. "Evidências de validade convergente para a versão em português da Autism Diagnostic Interview - Revised e o Inventário de Comportamentos Autísticos em uma amostra de crianças e adolescentes de São Paulo." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2014. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1630.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-06<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Background: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are developmental disorders characterized by qualitative impairment in reciprocal social interaction, language and communication and restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, and activities and they are defined based on standardized clinical criteria as such those from international manuals as ICD and DSM, or based on clinical tools, mainly the semi-structured interviews, such as the Autism Diagnostic Interview- Revised (ADI-R), a recognized gold standard diagnostic tool for ASD. This interview was recently translated into brazilian Portuguese, and it was preliminarily validated for this language. However, this process has been occurred with a small sample in a specific state of Brazil. Besides, other validity evidences, as convergent validity were not explored in this study. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the Convergent Validity between the Brazilian version of the ADI-R and a screening tool Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC). Method: For this study, 20 parents or caregivers of children and teens diagnosed with ASD were recruited from the Presbyterian Mackenzie University ASD Clinic, and from the Federal of São Paulo State University Social Cognition Clinic. The children were submitted to a clinical multidisciplinary evaluation, and neuropsychological evaluation that also consisted on application of the ABC. Another researcher, a Child Psychiatrist with expertise on ASD was previously trained and allowed for conducting and codificating the ADI-R. Results: The age of the probands has ranged between 6 and 19 years old, 90% of them were male. The correlations between both the tools, using the Pearson coefficient were mostly positive, and they have ranged between average to high with statistical significance., considering the 3 mains domains of the ADI-R and the five main domains of the ABC. Conclusions: Evidence of convergent validity was found when comparing ADI-R results with ABC/ICA.<br>Introdução: Os Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) são transtornos do desenvolvimento caracterizados por prejuízos qualitativos na interação social recíproca, comunicação e linguagem e pela presença de padrões de comportamentos estereotipados, restritos e repetitivos e sua caracterização se faz a partir de critérios clínicos definidos e padronizados por classificações internacionais como as da CID ou DSM ou por instrumentos, principalmente as entrevistas, como a Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), instrumento considerado pela literatura padrão-ouro para diagnóstico de TEA e que recentemente foi traduzido e preliminarmente validado para o português brasileiro. Entretanto, tal processo ocorreu com uma amostra reduzida e numa região específica do Brasil, assim como outras evidências de validade do instrumento tais como validade convergente não foram exploradas. Objetivo: Investigar evidências de validade de convergente entre a versão brasileira da entrevista diagnóstica ADI-R e os instrumento de triagem Inventário de Comportamentos Autísticos (ICA). Método: Foram selecionados 20 pais e/ou cuidadores de 20 sujeitos a partir da Clínica de TEA da Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie e da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Os sujeitos foram submetidos à avaliação clínica multidisciplinar médica e neuropsicológica a qual incluía a aplicação do ICA. Um outro avaliador, psiquiatra da Infância e Adolescência com experiência em TEA e habilitado a aplicar a ADI-R foi responsável pela aplicação e codificação da entrevista. Resultados: A idade dos sujeitos variou de 6 a 19 anos, com média de 10,1. Desses, 90% eram do sexo masculino. Os coeficientes de correlação de Pearson entre os 3 domínios da ADI-R (comunicação, interação social e comportamentos restritos) entre si e destes com o e os do ICA (escrever todos), foram moderados e altos, positivos e a maioria com significância estatística. Conclusões: Evidências de Validade Convergente foram encontradas, comparando-se a ADI-R com o ABC/ICA.
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Sokolovsky, Aline Roche. "Avaliação dos mecanismos de defesa na entrevista lúdica diagnóstica." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/183137.
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O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar como que psicólogos de Orientação Psicanalítica realizam a avaliação dos Mecanismos de Defesas de crianças durante a Entrevista Lúdica Diagnóstica. Foram conduzidos dois momentos de entrevistas, sendo que o primeiro caracterizou-se por uma entrevista semiestruturada sobre a técnica de Entrevista Lúdica Diagnóstica e sobre os mecanismos de defesas com 19 psicólogas. No segundo momento, foi realizada a apresentação de um vídeo – caso clínico – de uma sessão de Entrevista Lúdica Diagnóstica para duas psicólogas, que deveriam identificar momentos de uso de mecanismos de defesa. O conteúdo das entrevistas foi analisado de acordo com a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Os resultados indicaram que as participantes, possuem em média 27,15 anos de formadas, sendo que 100% possuíam curso de especialização em Psicologia, 78,94% mestrado, 21% doutorado e 42,10% possuíam Formação Psicanalítica. Os autores/teóricos que embasam a atuação dessas profissionais mais citados foram: Melanie Klein, Donald W. Winnicott, Arminda Aberastury, Sigmund Freud, Antonino Ferro e Wilfred Bion. A análise de conteúdo das falas das entrevistadas apontou para sete categorias, a saber, “Influência do Tripé Psicanalítico na Avaliação dos Mecanismos de Defesa”, “Expressão e Identificação dos Mecanismos de Defesa na Prática Clínica”, “Uso da Entrevista Lúdica Diagnóstica para Avaliar os Mecanismos de Defesa”, “Dificuldades de Explicar o Modo de Avaliação dos Mecanismos de Defesa”, “Forma Como os Pacientes Lidam com os Mecanismos de Defesa”, “Adequação dos Mecanismos de Defesa à Faixa Etária e Sexo” e “Materiais Utilizados na Avaliação dos Mecanismos de Defesa”. Algumas refletem a dificuldade das participantes em expressar de forma didática o surgimento dos mecanismos de defesas na entrevista com crianças ou, até mesmo, de saber identificar os mecanismos de defesas que são fundamentais para estabelecer o funcionamento de crianças durante as sessões. Outras ressaltam a importância de conhecer profundamente as etapas do desenvolvimento infantil para poder identificar e analisar a pertinência dos mecanismos de defesas que se fizeram presentes. Os achados nessa pesquisa vão ao encontro da teoria de autores clássicos e contemporâneos, no entanto, a escassez de estudos ficou evidente, ainda mais quando relacionado com a importância dos mecanismos de defesas na vida infantil e sua expressão no brincar durante a Entrevista Lúdica Diagnóstica.<br>The present study aimed to investigate how Psychoanalytic psychologists investigate the mechanisms Defenses in children during a Diagnostic interview. We conducted two stages of interviews, the first of which was characterized by a interview about the technique of Diagnostic interview and the mechanisms defense with 19 psychologists. In the second, there was the presentation of a tape - case study - a session Diagnostic interview for two psychologists, who should identify times of use of defense mechanisms. The content of the interviews was analyzed according to the technique of content analysis of Bardin (2011). The results indicated that the participants have an average of 27.15 years of formed, and 100 % had specialization course in Psychology, 78.94 % master's degree, 21 % doctorate and 42.10 % had Psychoanalytic Training. The authors / theorists that support the work of these professionals most frequently cited were: Melanie Klein, Donald W. Winnicott, Arminda Aberastury, Sigmund Freud, Antonino Ferro and Wilfred Bion. The content analysis of the interviews carried out pointed to seven categories , namely , "Influence of the Psychoanalytic Tripod rating Defense Mechanisms" , "Expression and Identification of the Mechanisms of Defense Clinical Practice", "Use of Diagnostic Interview for Assessing Ludic Mechanisms of Defense", "Difficulties in Explaining Mode Evaluation of Defense Mechanisms", "Shape How Patients Cope with the Defense Mechanisms", "Adaptation of Defense Mechanisms for Age Group and Gender" and "Materials Used in assessment of Defense Mechanisms". Some of the participants reflect the difficulty in expressing didactically the emergence of defense mechanisms in the interview with children or even to know identify defense mechanisms that are fundamental to establish the functioning of children during the sessions. Others emphasize the importance of knowing deeply the stages of child development in order to identify and examine the relevance of defense mechanisms that were present. The findings in this research are in the theory of classical and contemporary authors, however, the scarcity of studies was evident, especially when considering the importance of defense mechanisms in early life and its expression in play during Diagnostic Interview.
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Fayer, Ana Amélia Martinez. "Repercussões psicológicas da doença renal crônica: comparação entre pacientes que iniciam o tratamento hemodialítico após ou sem seguimento nefrológico prévio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-20042010-100807/.
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É sabido que o paciente com doença renal crônica que tem um acompanhamento nefrológico precoce apresenta melhores condições clínicas e melhor prognóstico ao entrar em diálise. Porém o acompanhamento precoce pelo nefrologista melhora também o enfrentamento psíquico da doença e do tratamento? Foram estudados 39 pacientes com insuficiência renal estágio 5 no momento em que entravam em hemodiálise: 19 pacientes com acompanhamento por nefrologista 6 meses (Grupo 1) e 20 pacientes sem qualquer acompanhamento nefrológico prévio (Grupo 2). Todos os pacientes participaram de entrevista semiestruturada, composta por 17 questões abordando informações, crenças, expectativas e fantasias relacionadas à doença e ao tratamento. As respostas foram decompostas em categorias através da técnica da Análise de Conteúdo. Os dados demográficos e laboratoriais também foram coletados. A classe socioeconômica foi avaliada e classificada como baixa, média ou alta. Na análise estatística foram utilizados o teste de Fisher, do Quiquadrado, t de Student ou de Wilcoxon como apropriado e os resultados apresentados como média ± DP. O grupo 1 foi seguido por 26 ± 20 meses. Em ambos os grupos a maioria dos pacientes pertencia à classe baixa e era do sexo masculino. Os pacientes do grupo 2 eram mais jovens e apresentavam piores parâmetros laboratoriais (p <0,05). Também os aspectos psicológicos foram semelhantes nos 2 grupos: 63% dos pacientes do grupo 1 e 55% do grupo 2, disseram que tinham informações anteriores sobre a diálise; 42% no grupo 1 e 40% no grupo 2, disseram pouco entender o que o médico falava; 74% no grupo 1 e 85% no grupo 2 acreditam que seus rins voltariam a funcionar. Em ambos os grupos, 25% tinham expectativas ruins sobre voltar a trabalhar, e 60% sentiam atitudes negativas da família. O acompanhamento com o nefrologista minimiza as complicações clínicas e laboratoriais dos pacientes com insuficiência renal estágio 5, porém não é suficiente para minorar o impacto psicológico da entrada em hemodiálise. A atenção do nefrologista deve ir além dos aspectos clínicos. É necessário que o paciente seja adequadamente informado sobre sua doença e tratamento. Principalmente os pertencentes a uma classe social baixa como os estudados o apoio de uma equipe interdisciplinar pode ser de grande valia.<br>It is well known that patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) who are early on referred to a nephrologist have less clinical complications of the disease and a better outcome on chronic dialysis. But can early referral also improve the psychological burden of starting chronic dialysis? Thirty-nine ESRD patients initiating dialysis were studied: 19 patients had a Nephrology followup 6 months and 20 patients had no referral to nephrologist, starting dialysis on emergency situation. All patients participated in a semi-structured interview with 17 questions covering the perceived knowledge, beliefs, expectations and fantasies related to the disease and dialysis. The answers were decomposed in categories through the technique of content analysis. Demographic and laboratorial data at dialysis initiation were also collected. The socioeconomic position was evaluated and the patient was classified in one of 3 categories: low, middle or high. Categorical data were analyzed by Fishers or Chisquare statistical tests and continuous data by t or Wilcoxon tests as appropriate. The results are presented as mean ± SD. Group1 had been followed for 26 ± 20 months. In both groups the majority of patients were classified as low socioeconomic position and were males. Group 2 was younger and had worse laboratorial parameters (p<0.05). Also regarding the psychological aspects both groups were similar: 63% patients of group 1 and 55% of group 2 said they had no previous information about dialysis, and 42% in group 1 and 40% in group 2 said they didn\'t completely understand what the doctor said; 74% in group 1 and 85% in group 2 believed that their kidneys would work again; 25% in both groups had bad expectations about being able to work again , and 60% in both groups felt there was a negative attitude of the family toward them. Nephrology care of CRF patients mitigates clinical complications. However, on its own, it is not enough to minimize the psychological impact of the entering dialysis. Nephrology care must go beyond clinical care. The patients need to be well informed about the disease and treatment, especially patients like ours who came from low socioeconomic position. This kind of patients should be supported by an interdisciplinary team.
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Hole, L. "Microcomputer-based diagnostic interviews in mathematics." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382518.
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Fuller, Sara Rathman. "A comparison of diagnostic interviews for children." Connect to resource, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/32075.
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Fantoni, Patricia (Patricia Maria Angelica). "A Criterion Validity Study of the MMPI-2 and PAI Spanish Versions with DIS Diagnosis: Implications for Clinical Practice." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277682/.
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New Spanish versions of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) and the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) were assessed with the Spanish translation of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) as the gold standard. Findings from categorical and dimensional analyses suggest that, although the degree of diagnostic concordance of both measures with the DIS was found to be moderately high, the MMPI-2 clinical scales yielded greater specificity but lower sensitivity than the PAI scales on two of four diagnostic categories (i.e., Major Depression, and Schizophrenia). Both measures failed to correctly diagnose Anxiety Disorders, while the MMPI-2 also showed poor diagnostic accuracy with Alcohol Dependence.
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Johnston, Noel. "Reflections on an Initiative to Improve Junior Secondary School Pupils’ Understanding of Number." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-80260.
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In 2005 the opportunity to apply the New Zealand ‘Numeracy’ approach to teaching Mathematics was extended into the secondary school sector. The goal was to alter teachers’ pedagogy so that ‘sense
making’ rather than ‘instruction’ was the core objective of their lessons. Ultimately it is hoped that along with a familiarity and comprehension of Number will come a relatively seamless acquisition of the fundamentals of Algebra. This paper will present details of this approach for teaching Number, the status of Number in the secondary school curriculum, the focus and ramifications of teaching for understanding, as opposed to assimilating and learning to apply algorithms, and will also consider evidence of the effectiveness of the initiative.
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Meier-Faust, Thomas. "Das diagnostische Interview als Kommunikationsprozess : empirische Untersuchung zum Interviewverlauf und dessen Einfluss auf den diagnostischen Befund /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz115205667inh.htm.
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Young, Matthew E. "Comparison of Diagnostic Interviews for Children Accessing Outpatient Mental Health Services." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1274748739.
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Bögels, Susan Maria. "Teaching and assessing diagnostic interviewing skills an application to the mental health field /." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1994. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6844.
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Hörz, Susanne. "A prototype of borderline personality organization assessed by the structured interview of personality organization (STIPO)." Hamburg Kovač, 2006. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/978-3-8300-2762-1.htm.
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Mininel, Vivian Aline. "Adaptação transcultural do Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) para o contexto brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7140/tde-14122010-115517/.
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Este estudo objetivou a adaptação transcultural do Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) para o contexto brasileiro. Este guia de entrevista estruturada foi desenvolvido pela Universidade de Sherbrooke (Canadá) para ajudar os profissionais de saúde a detectarem os fatores preditivos de maior importância para incapacidades relacionadas ao trabalho e a identificarem uma ou mais causas de absenteísmo prolongado do trabalho. Foi realizado obedecendo-se às recomendações internacionais e princípios éticos para pesquisas com seres humanos. Foram observadas as seguintes fases: tradução inicial, síntese das traduções, retrotradução, avaliação por Comitê de Especialistas e teste da versão pré-final. Após as fases de tradução inicial e retrotradução, o WoDDI foi submetido ao Comitê de Especialistas para validação das equivalências conceitual, semântica, idiomática, experencial e operacional, além da Validação de Conteúdo. Esta análise desencadeou em adaptações dos termos que apresentaram percentual de Validade de Conteúdo inferior a 90% entre os especialistas. A amostra da população-alvo para aplicação em pré-teste contou com a participação de 30 trabalhadores do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, afastados devido a problemas de saúde relacionados ao trabalho. A coleta de dados foi realizada por um médico ortopedista e pela pesquisadora, que aplicaram o guia de entrevista em duas partes, sequencialmente. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio da análise da compreensibilidade dos itens pelos entrevistadores e pela população de estudo. Para os entrevistadores, que avaliaram as seções referentes ao exame físico, o WoDDI foi considerado bastante completo e fácil de aplicar. Pequenas alterações operacionais foram propostas, com o intuito de facilitar o entendimento dos entrevistadores. A explicação detalhada dos testes, manobras e demais exames foi construída com este mesmo objetivo. Os termos que apresentaram dificuldade de compreensão em, pelo menos, 15% da população do pré-teste, foram passíveis de alteração. Para facilitar o uso do WoDDI, foi elaborado um manual de orientações para sua aplicação, contemplando a explicação de todas as seções, itens, questões e indicadores presentes no guia de entrevista. Estas orientações auxiliam os entrevistadores na interpretação dos itens, nas formas de questionamento e no modo de realização dos testes, manobras e demais exames. Por tratar-se de um guia de entrevista qualitativo, que confere certa flexibilidade àqueles que o utilizam, além de facilitar o entendimento, tais orientações também ratificam os conceitos abordados e a forma correta para condução da entrevista, conferindo maior credibilidade durante o processo. A conclusão deste estudo demonstra que o WoDDI está adaptado para a realidade brasileira, podendo ser utilizado por profissionais e serviços interessados nos assuntos de incapacidade relacionada ao trabalho.<br>This study aimed the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) for the Brazilian context. This structured interview guide was developed by University of Sherbrooke (Canada) to help clinicians to detect the most important disability predictors work-related and to identify one or more causes of prolonged absenteeism from work. It was performed following international standards and ethical principles for human research. It was observed the following steps: initial translation, synthesis of the translations, back translation, review by the Expert Committee and testing of the pre-final version. After the initial translation and back translation steps, the WoDDI was submitted to the Expert Committee to validation of the conceptual, semantic, idiomatic, experiential and operational equivalences, as the Content Validity. This analysis triggered in adjustments of the terms that presented Contend Validity percentage below 90% among experts. The sample of target-population for pre-test was composed by 30 workers of the University Hospital of University of Sao Paulo, absent of work due workrelated health problems. The data collect was performed by an orthopedic physician and a researcher, which apply the interview guide in two parts, sequentially. The results were obtained through comprehensibility analysis of the items by interviewers and by research subjects. For the interviewers, who assessed the sections of the physical exams, the WoDDI was considered complete and easy to apply. Some operational changes were done to facilitate understanding of the interviewers. The explanation detailed of the tests, maneuvers and other exams was constructed with the same goal. The terms that presented comprehensibility difficulties in, at least, 15% of pre-test population, were changed. In order to facilitate the WoDDI administration, it was elaborated a guidance handbook with explanation of all sections, items, questions and indicators of the interview guide. These guidelines help the interviewers in the items interpretation, questioning ways and how to conduct the tests, maneuvers and other exams. Being a qualitative interview guide, which gives some flexibility to the interviewers, these guidelines also reinforce the concepts discussed and the correct way to conduct the interview, giving greater credibility of the process. The conclusion of this study shows that the WoDDI is adapted to Brazilian context and it can be used by professionals and services interesting in work disability prevention issues.
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Goblirsch, Martina. "Biographien verhaltensschwieriger Jugendlicher und ihrer Mütter mehrgenerationale Fallrekonstruktionen und narrativ-biographische Diagnostik in Forschung und Praxis." Wiesbaden VS, Verl. für Sozialwiss, 2009. http://d-nb.info/994205732/04.
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Vaz-Baker, Jazmine A. "To Continue or Discontinue: Factors that Motivate Parents' Testing Decisions on the Diagnostic Odyssey after a Non-diagnostic Exome Result." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1617109199524406.
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Duku, Eric K. "Assessing Early Child Development: Issues of Measurement Invariance and Psychometric Validity." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24097.
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The measurement of reliable and valid indicators of early child development is necessary for assessing phenomena and is useful in the monitoring of ongoing efforts to eradicate inequalities in the social determinants of health. There is an increasing awareness of the contextual, cultural, and developmental influences on constructs used in early child development (ECD) research. Using a measurement perspective, this dissertation examined the issue of measurement invariance and psychometric validity in early child development research. A construct violates the principle of invariance when two persons from different populations who are theoretically identical on the construct being measured have different scores on it.
This dissertation consists of three journal-style manuscripts (published or under review) that were used as examples to address the importance of the issue of measurement invariance and psychometric validity in ECD research using data from two unique areas: autism and executive functioning. The three data sets were collected on pre-school children with parents and or teachers as informants and were chosen to represent different levels of data collection – clinical, community, and population. These data sets allowed for the examination of measurement invariance by type of informant, sex, and age of child. The results from the three studies illustrate the importance of assessing measurement invariance in ECD and whether or not the instruments examined can be used to assess sub-group differences with confidence.
A lack of measurement invariance found for two of the studies, suggests that observed group differences in latent constructs could be attributed, in part, to measurement bias. More importantly, bias in the measurement of the constructs of severity of social impairment symptoms in autism, and executive functioning across groups could have an impact on services such as patient treatment. These biases could also influence public policy development, particularly when there may be an underlying need for a cross-group approach where belief systems may affect the meaning and structure of constructs.
In summary, measurement invariance should be a prerequisite for making any meaningful comparisons across groups. A requirement of establishing measurement invariance should be included in the guidelines for comparative research studies as a necessary first step before an instrument is adopted for use.
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Murcia, Marie. "Rôle des facteurs psychosociaux au travail sur les troubles de la santé mentale et leur contribution dans les inégalités sociales de santé mentale." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA11T085/document.
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Les facteurs psychosociaux au travail sont devenus un enjeu de santé publique et de santé au travail et font l’objet d’une attention particulière des politiques de prévention. Cependant, le rôle étiologique de ces facteurs sur la santé mentale reste à approfondir, notamment via des études intégrant un outil diagnostique, rarement utilisé dans ce contexte. De plus, le rôle de ces facteurs dans l’explication des inégalités sociales de santé mentale reste mal connu. Les objectifs de la thèse sont donc l’étude du rôle étiologique des facteurs psychosociaux au travail sur les troubles de la santé mentale mesurés par un instrument diagnostique et l’évaluation de leur contribution dans les inégalités sociales de santé mentale.Deux jeux de données ont été exploités : Samotrace (enquête régionale sur 6056 salariés) et SIP -Santé et Itinéraire Professionnel- (enquête nationale sur 7709 travailleurs). Samotrace se caractérise par la présence de questionnaires validés pour la mesure des facteurs psychosociaux au travail, et SIP par la présence d’un outil diagnostique pour la mesure de la dépression et de l’anxiété. Des méthodes statistiques multivariées ont été employées, notamment la régression logistique. Des tests d’interactions et la méthode du bootstrap ont également été utilisés. Toutes les analyses ont été réalisées séparément pour les hommes et les femmes.La faible latitude décisionnelle, le surinvestissement et les exigences émotionnelles étaient des facteurs de risque de dépression et d’anxiété, pour les deux genres. D’autres facteurs de risque spécifiques ont été observés selon la pathologie et le genre (insécurité de l’emploi, forte demande psychologique, conflit éthique, faibles récompenses). Peu d’inégalités sociales de santé mentale ont été mises en évidence hormis pour la santé perçue, au détriment des salariés les moins qualifiés. Les facteurs professionnels contribuaient à réduire les inégalités sociales de santé perçue de 76% et plus, selon le genre et la profession. Parmi eux, les facteurs psychosociaux au travail jouaient un rôle substantiel notamment la faible latitude décisionnelle, et dans une moindre mesure (selon la profession et le genre) : le faible soutien social, les faibles récompenses, le travail de nuit, les difficultés de conciliation vie professionnelle-vie familiale, les violences et menaces/humiliations.Des actions de prévention ciblées sur les facteurs de risque identifiés, y compris sur des facteurs psychosociaux au travail émergents, pourraient être envisagées et une meilleure prise en compte de ces facteurs en milieu de travail serait nécessaire. Développer les connaissances sous l’angle des inégalités sociales de santé mentale permettrait de dégager des pistes d’actions correctives adaptées aux groupes sociaux ou professionnels les plus concernés. Les études étant transversales, les résultats observés devront être confirmés par d’autres travaux<br>Psychosocial work factors are a public health and occupational health issue and are the object of special prevention policies. However, the etiological role of these factors on mental health need to be developed, particularly studies using diagnostic interviews, rarely used in this context. Moreover, the role of these factors in the explanation of social inequalities in mental health is still unknown. The objectives of this PhD thesis are to study the etiological role of psychosocial work factors on mental disorders, measured using a diagnostic interview, and to evaluate the contribution of these factors to social inequalities in mental health.The data from two surveys were used: Samotrace (regional survey based on 6056 employees) and SIP (national survey based on 7709 workers). The main feature for Samotrace was the use of validated questionnaires to measure psychosocial work factors, and for SIP it was the use of a diagnostic instrument to measure depressive and anxiety disorders. Multivariate analyses were conducted, including logistic regression analysis. Interaction tests and the bootstrap method were also used. All analyses were carried out separately for men and women.Low decision latitude, overcommitment and emotional demands were found to be risk factors for depressive and anxiety disorders, for both genders. Other risk factors were observed according to gender or mental health outcome studied (job insecurity, high psychological demands, ethical conflict, low reward). Few social inequalities in mental health were observed except for self-reported health; manual workers being more likely to report poor health. Occupational factors reduced social inequalities in health by 76% and more, according to gender and occupation studied. Among occupational factors, psychosocial work factors played a substantial role, particularly low decision latitude, and to a lesser extent (according to occupation and gender): low social support, low reward, night work, work-life imbalance, physical violence and bullying.Prevention actions focussing on identified risk factors, including emergent psychosocial work factors, should be considered and a better implementation at workplace would be necessary. Improving knowledge on social inequalities of mental health may lead to adequate preventive actions targeting the most exposed social or occupational groups. As our studies were cross-sectional, our results should be confirmed by forthcoming prospective studies
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Persson, Evelina, and Emmie Lindgren. "Nurses´ experiences when caring for patients infected with malaria in Tanzania : A qualitative interview study." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-47551.
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Background: Malaria is one of the mosquito-transmitted diseases that is killing millions of people every year, with the highest prevalence in Africa. In Tanzania, more than 90 percent of the inhabitants are at risk of being infected with malaria. The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum does not obtain specific symptoms and differential diagnoses can make it difficult to diagnose malaria. If malaria gets developed into a severe stage, it can affect organs and eventually cause death. Nurses have the role to educate inhabitants on how to prevent malaria. Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe nurses ́ experiences when caring for patients infected with malaria in Tanzania. Method: Study with a qualitative approach. A content analysis with a manifest structure was carried out, based on individual semi-structured in-depth interviews with nurses. Result: Nurses found it difficult to differentiate malaria from other diseases, like typhoid or meningitis. Nurses focused mostly on patients’ physical by working with medical treatment and education about malaria prevention. Conclusion: This study highlighted the importance for nurses of being educated about malaria and knowing how to assess its condition as it can be a mortal disease.
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Holloway, Geraldine. "Maternal filicide : grounded theorising from interviews with mothers with a diagnosis of mental illness." Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/17667/.
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Background: Child homicide represents 11.5% of all homicides and parents are perpetrators in about 67% of all cases. Of parents who kill their children fathers have been found to more often be the perpetrator (filicide) in all age groups except in neonaticides, where mothers are nearly always responsible. Women have been found to be over-represented in rates of filicide. Diagnoses of mental illness (MI) have been found as a moderating variable for mothers who kill older children. The aim of the present study was to explore the conditions, processes and contexts that contribute to the development of maternal filicide (MF) in MI mothers. Method: Four mothers with a diagnosis of MI were interviewed using constructivist grounded theory methods to produce theorising about the development of MF. Due to the sensitivity of the research topic, the vulnerability of the population and the need to ensure support for study participants, the study design included only those mothers still receiving care from secure hospital services (N=30). Findings: The present study produced grounded theorising of a process of Disintegrating Security in a number of sequentially related domains: social, economic, relational and psychological as contributing to MF. Consistent with other research on filicide mothers with a diagnosis of MI, mothers were active in caring for their children but became hopeless and suicidal, believing that their own suicide would leave their children alone in a cruel and dangerous world. Conclusions: Mothers committed filicide in a perverse act of maternal love rather than out of anger, or as part of prolonged child abuse. A detailed account of the development of MF in MI mothers has been produced. The findings could be important to increase the understanding of MF for mental health professionals working with filicide mothers, surviving family members and mothers themselves.
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Untersinger, Isabella Sophie [Verfasser], and Volker [Akademischer Betreuer] Köllner. "Die Reliabilität von Angststörungen in der klinischen Diagnostik im Vergleich zum strukturierten Interview / Isabella Sophie Untersinger. Betreuer: Volker Köllner." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1056906871/34.
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Bader, Helene [Verfasser]. "Das Psychodrama-Bindungstypen-Interview (PDBI). Ein szenisches Verfahren als Instrument der psychotherapeutischen Diagnostik : Aufbau, Anwendung und erste Ergebnisse / Helene Bader." München : GRIN Verlag, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1180605489/34.
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Luk, Yun-kin, and 陸潤健. "Exploring the symptom dimensions as documented in case record of patients with first episode psychosis at the first interview in the early assessment service for young people with psychosis (EASY) clinic." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206581.
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Objectives
Severe mental illness is a debilitating condition affecting a wide range of functioning of an individual. Identification of signs and symptoms is part of clinical assessment which aids case formulation, making diagnosis, determine treatment planning and outcome. How the symptoms are documented in case record undoubtedly affect the decision and communication among mental health professionals, treatment protocol, potential outcome and prognosis.
This is the first study in Hong Kong mental health service to overview the symptom dimensions documented by clinicians in case records. Currently, there is no clinical practice guideline to guide clinicians on symptom documentation. This study attempts to explore the symptom dimensions as documented in the first interview records of people with first episode psychosis in EASY clinic in a local hospital. The result will serve as preliminary reference material or the development of an appropriate documentation guideline or audit in future.
Method
A retrospective review of case records was conducted to evaluate the symptom documentation by clinicians. All first interview notes of patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorder who attended the EASY clinic in 2012 were included.90 case records were identified. The symptoms characteristics were recorded into a template and categorized with reference to the domains of psychopathology in DSM-5, SAPS and SANS. A total of 29 items of symptom characteristics and related clinical features were identified and measured with descriptive statistics.
Results
All symptom characteristics and clinical features were reported in percentage. It was found that majority of interview notes(62%)had documented a range of 22-26items out of 29 items(76-90%) of symptom characteristics and clinical features observed from case records. Clinicians had demonstrated high proficiency in documenting a comprehensive range of psychiatric symptoms.
Conclusion
This paper aims to increase the awareness of clinicians on continuous evaluation of current practice on symptom documentation; to identify good practice or area for improvement; and initiate the development of standardized documentation guideline to guide future symptom documentation practice for betterment of quality patient care and service planning for people with first episode psychosis.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Psychological Medicine<br>Master<br>Master of Psychological Medicine
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Goodness, Kelly R. "Retrospective Evaluation of Malingering: A Validational Study of the R-SIRS and CT-SIRS." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278240/.
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Empirically based methods of detecting retrospective malingering (i.e., the false assertion or exaggeration of physical or psychological symptoms reportedly experienced during a prior time period) are needed given that retrospective evaluations are commonplace in forensic assessments. This study's main objective was to develop and validate a focused, standardized measure of retrospective malingering. This objective was addressed by revising the Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms (SIRS), an established measure of current feigning. The SIRS' strategies were retained and its items modified to produce two new SIRS versions: The Retrospective Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms (R-SIRS) and The Concurrent-Time Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms (CT-SIRS). Forensic inpatients were used to test the R-SIRS (n = 25) and CT-SIRS (n = 26) which both showed good internal consistency and interrater reliability. The overall effectiveness of the R-SIRS and the CT-SIRS in the classification of malingerers and genuine patients was established in this initial validation study. Moreover, their classification rates were similar to those obtained by the SIRS. Pending additional validation, these measures are expected to increase the quality of forensic evaluations by providing the first standardized methods of assessing retrospective malingering.
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Stouwe, Jaana van der [Verfasser]. "Diagnostik von Schlafstörungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen : vergleichende Analyse von Screening-Fragebogen und Interview-Verfahren als Erhebungsinstrumente / Jaana van der Stouwe." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1036140938/34.
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蔡珊珊 and Shan-shan Susanna Choy. "Validity of the Chinese version of the multidimentional anxiety scale for children (MASC) with the anxiety disorders interview schedule forDSM-IV (ADIS-IV)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41712754.
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Wojciechowski, Valéria. "Reações iniciais e níveis de stress da gestante frente ao diagnóstico de malformação fetal não letal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-15102014-114135/.
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O trabalho foi realizado com 40 gestantes que haviam recebido diagnóstico de malformação fetal não letal. Descreve as repercussões emocionais iniciais após o diagnóstico; avaliando a relação entre o tipo de malformações e as repercussões emocionais; a presença e a fase de stress em que estas gestantes se encontravam. Foi realizada uma entrevista semidirigida e aplicado o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress de Lipp. Os resultados apontaram repercussões emocionais com choque e negação. Não houve diferenças emocionais associadas à gravidade ou ao tipo de anomalia. Quanto ao stress, este está presente na maioria das gestantes e, parece associado a interpretaçãos individuais de fontes estressoras<br>This research was done with 40 pregnant woman that had received the diagnosis of non lethal fetal malformation. The emotional repercussions are described after the diagnosis; evaluation the relation between the type of malformation and the emotional repercussions; the presence and level of stress that these pregnant woman were in. A semidirected interview was done and the Inventory of Stress Symptoms by Lipp was applied. The results showed emotional repercussions such as shock and denial. There were no emotional differences associate with the degree or type of anomaly. And as for stress, it is present in the majority of the woman and is associated to individual interpretations of stress causes
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Carvalho, Francisca de Mendanha Soares Simões de. "Condições de trabalho e saúde: diagnosticar para intervir - estudo de numa empresa da indústria transformadora da região Centro." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/2255.
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Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Psicologia, especialização em Psicologia do Trabalho e das Organizações.<br>Toda a tarefa de concepção deste trabalho enquadra-se nos princípios
teórico-práticos da Psicologia do Trabalho e das Organizações, tendo como
base a temática do estudo dos efeitos das condições e constrangimentos de
trabalho nos indivíduos. Com o crescente reconhecimento das relações entre
as condições de trabalho, saúde e produtividade, a intenção é a de
proporcionar o diálogo, sensibilização social e uma atenção dirigida a
sectores de actividade específicos, em função das suas necessidades, para
que haja um contributo efectivo e actual nos procedimento de segurança e
saúde no trabalho.
Compreender a influência que os constrangimentos de trabalho têm na saúde
e bem-estar dos trabalhadores, incorporando a sua experiência através da sua
participação na pesquisa, tornou-se o objectivo do estudo. Desta forma,
entre outros métodos e técnicas utilizados, o inquérito INSAT (INquérito
SAúde e Trabalho) foi o instrumento central deste estudo, administrado aos
trabalhadores de uma empresa da Indústria Transformadora (produção de
mármore aglomerado).
Os resultados obtidos demonstram a necessidade de intervenção, tanto ao
nível dos riscos físicos, como relativamente aos constrangimentos
psicossociais a que os trabalhadores estão expostos. The task of this work fits in theoretical-practical principles of Psychology of
Work and Organizations, based on studying the work effects of the
conditions and constraints on workers. With the growing recognition of the
relationship between working conditions, health and productivity, the
intention is to provide dialogue, social awareness and attention directed at
specific sectors of activity, depending on their needs, so there is a real
contribution in the safety procedure and health at work.
Understanding the influence of constraints on work in workers health and
welfare, embedding their experience through their participation in research,
became the objective of the study. Thus, among other methods and
techniques used, the INSAT inquiry (INquérito SAúde e Trabalho) was the
central instrument of this study, administered to employees of a company's
Manufacturing Industry (production of agglomerated marble).
The results demonstrate the need for intervention at both the physical risks,
such as in relation to psychosocial hazards to which workers are exposed.
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Gulba, Astrid. "Zur strukturierten Auswertung von Tiefeninterviews in der Personalauswahl." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1092055280359-39038.
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In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein strukturiertes Vorgehen bei der Auswertung von Tiefeninterviews in der Personalauswahl vorgeschlagen. Ausgewählte Arbeitsschritte dieses strukturierten Vorgehens werden evaluiert: Identifikation relevanter Informationen, Zuordnung der Informationen zu Arbeitsanforderungen, Beurteilung des Bewerbers hinsichtlich der einzelnen Arbeitsanforderung und der Gesamteignung. Es wurden drei Interviewtranskripte von Tiefeninterviews konstruiert, zwei davon anhand eines simulierten, aber real durchgeführten Rollenspiels, eines anhand einer Modellperson. Die Untersuchungsteilnehmer hatten die Aufgabe, diese Interviewtranskripte auszuwerten und die Bewerber zu beurteilen. In Hauptuntersuchung I werden die klassischen Gütekriterien (Objektivität, Reliabilität und Validität) der strukturierten Auswertung bestimmt. In Hauptuntersuchung II wird geprüft, ob diese strukturierte Auswertung zu höheren Gütekriterien führt als eine nicht strukturierte Vorgehensweise. Die Ergebnisse zeigen ein heterogenes Bild der Gütekriterien der strukturierten Auswertung. Die Objektivität und Validität der Identifikation der Informationen kann als gut, die Retest-Reliabilität als zufriedenstellend bezeichnet werden. Die Retest-Reliabilität der korrekten Zuordnung der Informationen zu den Arbeitsanforderungen kann als zufriedenstellend gekennzeichnet werden, während die Validität dieses Auswertungsschrittes als mangelhaft anzusehen ist. Der Vergleich der strukturierten mit der nicht strukturierten Auswertung zeigt, dass die korrekte Identifikation der relevanten Informationen bei strukturierter Auswertung eher gelingt (Validität). Hinsichtlich der Objektivität zeigt sich bei diesem Auswertungsschritt kein statistischer Unterschied. Die Objektivität der Beurteilung der Arbeitsanforderungen ist hingegen bei strukturierter Auswertung signifikant höher. Eine höhere Validität ist hier nur für ein Interviewtranskript nachweisbar. In der vorliegenden Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass der Auswertungsschritt der Zuordnung der Informationen zu den Arbeitsanforderungen schwierig ist. Eine verhaltensorientierte Definition der Arbeitsanforderungen scheint hierfür nicht auszureichen. Die Überlegenheit der strukturierten gegenüber einer nicht strukturierten Auswertung konnte aber teilweise gezeigt werden. Die Methode zur Auswertung von Tiefeninterviews in der Personalauswahl ergänzt bereits vorliegende Auswertungsvorschläge der strukturierten Interviewmethoden. Anhand der vorliegenden Arbeit lassen sich weitere Analysen der einzelnen Auswertungsschritte sowie die Entwicklung eines handhabbaren Auswertungsinstruments für Praktiker ableiten.