Academic literature on the topic 'Dialect'
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Journal articles on the topic "Dialect"
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Erb, Dorottya. "Ungarndeutsche Dialekte und ihre Rolle in der deutschen Nationalitätenerziehung in Ungarn / German dialects in Hungary and their role in the learning process." Gyermeknevelés Tudományos Folyóirat 11, no. 1 (May 16, 2023): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.31074/gyntf.2023.1.197.214.
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In den ungarischen Rahmenlehrplänen für den Nationalitätenunterricht wird die Rolle der deutschen Dialekte in der Nationalitätenerziehung ausdrücklich formuliert. Laut dem Rahmenlehrplan für das Fach Deutsche Volkskunde sind „ein hohes Maß an Sprachkenntnis, die Pflege lokaler Dialekte und Bräuche, die Kenntnis von Geschichte und Gegenwart ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der Identität.“ (https://umz.hu/tantervek/) Der Dialekt ist einer der Bestandteile der deutschen Identität in Ungarn. Er kann als Instrument zur Stärkung oder Wiederbelebung der Identität eingesetzt werden und dazu dienen, um Brücken zwischen den Generationen zu schlagen. Immer mehr junge Familien halten es für wichtig, ihren Kindern die deutsche Sprache und den deutschen Dialekt beizubringen. Die Beschäftigung mit Dialekten hilft den Kindern, die große Vielfalt der gesprochenen deutschen Sprache besser zu verstehen. Die Arbeit liefert neben einem Überblick über die Sprache der Ungarndeutschen, den deutschen Nationalitätenunterricht an ungarischen Schulen und die Rolle des Dialekts in der Sprachvermittlung auch Empfehlungen für aktuelle Hilfsmaterialien zur Dialektvermittlung in den ungarndeutschen Schulen. In the framework curricula for teaching Hungary’s nationalities, the role of German dialects in nationality education has been explicitly formulated. According to the framework curriculum for the subject of German folklore, “a high level of knowledge of the language, the cultivation of local dialects and customs, knowledge of history and the present are an essential part of identity formation”. Dialect is one of the components of German identity in Hungary. Dialect can be used as a tool to strengthen or revive identity. It can be used to build bridges between generations. More and more young families consider it important to teach their children the German language and dialect. Studying dialects helps children to better understand the great diversity of the spoken German language. In addition to an overview of the language of Hungarian Germans, German nationality teaching in Hungarian schools and the role of dialect in language teaching, the article also provides recommendations for current support materials for teaching dialect in the schools of Hungarian Germans.
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Bakšienė, Rima. "Dialectal speech self–evaluation and vitality: Šakiai and Jurbarkas sub-dialects in the beginning of the twenty-first century." Lietuvių kalba, no. 9 (December 18, 2015): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lk.2015.22631.
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Šakiai and Jurbarkas sub-dialects belong to the northern part Western Highlanders of Kaunas region. There is described location of this area in the Lithuanian dialect classification, specific features, dialectal speech self–evaluation and vitality in the beginning of the twenty-first century. According research results Šakiai and Jurbarkas sub-dialects constitute an integral area. there are many common features, this area is transitional to Lowlanders dialect. Dialectal speech self–evaluation is different between two dialects. The Šakiai dialect speakers fully aware of its dialectal dependence, they are able to define its own dialect. However, dialect users note little dialectal features in their own speech, dialectal identity more based on geographical Location and administrative division. The Jurbarkas dialect speakers more fail to identify themselves can not to define its own dialect. The dialect names mostly are made by places of residence names. However, users of this dialect more note dialectal features. Dialectal speech prestige and vitality is high in both sub-dialects. The code switching is uncharacteristic to this area. The least noticeable features are stable, the most noticeable features most disappearing. There are not observed distinct features of the new dialect. High vitality of the dialectal speech is based on small difference from the standard language, not on dialectal prestige or linguistic provisions of dialect speakers.
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Stafecka, Anna. "Latvian dialects in the 21st century: old and new borders." Acta Baltico-Slavica 39 (December 31, 2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/abs.2015.001.
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Latvian dialects in the 21st century: old and new borders Although historical regional dialects are still relatively well preserved in Latvia, nowadays one can no longer speak of dialects and sub-dialects in the traditional sense because, due to changes of administrative borders, the traditional sub-dialects are subject to attrition and gradual loss. In particular, the contact zone of Central and High Latvian dialect has changed markedly. The border of High Latvian dialect has moved to the east. Since 2013, a project “Latvian Dialects in the 21st Century: a Sociolinguistic Aspect” is being carried out in order to gain an insight into contemporary Latvian dialect situation, analyzing at least three sub-dialects in each dialect.However, we can speak of dialect borders in another aspect. For instance, the borders between the preservation of dialectal features and the impact of standard language, as well as the borders of maintenance of sub-dialectal feature among the speakers of different age groups. Attention is also paid to the use of sub-dialects in central and peripheral parts of territories. The first research results showed that people who live further from the centre use the sub-dialect more often – especially in communication with family members (including the younger generation), relatives and neighbours.The preliminary results show a different situation among dialects. In the sub-dialects of the Middle dialect, which is closest to Standard Latvian, the borderline between sub-dialect and standard language has almost disappeared, since the informants practically do not feel any difference between them.In the Livonianized dialect, there are several features that are still more or less present in the speech of all generations – generalization of masculine gender, reduction of word endings, etc. However, in this dialect, too, the language used by younger speakers is gradually losing the dialectal features.The situation differs in various sub-dialect groups of High Latvian dialect. The Selonian sub-dialects spoken in Zemgale show traces of dialectal features (syllable tones, irregular vowel shifts, etc.); they are found mainly in the speech of older generation. The Latgalian sub-dialects in Vidzeme are mainly spoken by older respondents and usually among family members; while in public spaces the sub-dialects practically cannot be heard. However, many dialectal features have been retained in the speech of middle and even younger generations. The most stable are the sub-dialects spoken in Latgale because of their use not only in everyday speech but also in cultural activities. The presence of the Latgalian written language, too, helps to maintain local sub-dialects; it is also used in Roman Catholic church services in Latgale. In Latgale, the sub-dialects are spoken by all generations. However, the younger people sometimes use the standard language to communicate among themselves.This study provides new facts and might be the basis for further research. It might allow to predict the development of native language and its dialects as an important component of national and local identity respectively. Comparative analysis of material acquired at different periods allows us to conclude which dialectal features are more viable and which are more likely to change and disappear. Dialekty łotewskie w wieku XXI: stare i nowe granice Choć na Łotwie wciąż stosunkowo dobrze zachowały się historyczne dialekty lokalne, nie można już obecnie mówić o dialektach i gwarach w tradycyjnym znaczeniu. Zmiany granic administracyjnych sprawiły bowiem, że tradycyjne gwary ulegają dziś zatarciu i stopniowo zanikają. Znacząco zmieniło się zwłaszcza usytuowanie strefy styku dialektów środkowego i górnołotewskiego; granica zasięgu tego ostatniego przesunęła się na wschód. Kwestiom tym poświęcono projekt „Dialekty łotewskie w XXI wieku: aspekt socjolingwistyczny”, w ramach którego od 2013 r. badana jest sytuacja socjolingwistyczna gwar na współczesnej Łotwie. Analizowane są przynajmniej trzy gwary w obrębie każdego z dialektów.Pojęcie granicy ma jednak zastosowanie do opisu innych aspektów badań dialektologicznych. Można na przykład mówić o granicy między zachowaniem cech dialektów a wpływami języka literackiego, jak również o granicach podtrzymywania cech gwarowych w mowie użytkowników należących do różnych grup wiekowych. Badaniu poddano także kwestię używania gwar w centralnych i peryferyjnych częściach rejonu ich występowania. Wstępne wyniki sugerują, że ludzie mieszkający dalej od centrum używają gwary częściej – zwłaszcza w komunikacji z członkami rodziny (w tym z młodszego pokolenia), z krewnymi i z sąsiadami.Wstępne wyniki badań wskazują także na zróżnicowaną sytuację poszczególnych dialektów. Na obszarze występowania gwar dialektu środkowego, najbliższego literackiej łotewszczyźnie, niemal zanikło rozgraniczenie między gwarami a językiem literackim, skoro różnicy takiej nie odczuwają sami informatorzy.W dialekcie liwońskim występuje kilka cech dialektalnych, obecnych jeszcze w większym lub mniejszym stopniu w mowie wszystkich pokoleń, jak uogólnienie rodzaju męskiego czy redukcja wygłosu. Jednakże i tutaj język, którym posługują się młodsi użytkownicy, stopniowo traci cechy dialektalne.Inna sytuacja panuje w grupach gwarowych dialektu górnołotewskiego. Gwary selońskie z Semigalii wykazują ślady cech dialektalnych (tonalność sylab, nieregularne przesunięcia samogłosek itd.); występują one przede wszystkim w mowie starszego pokolenia. Gwarami łatgalskimi z Widzeme posługują się z kolei głównie starsi respondenci, zwykle w gronie najbliższej rodziny; gwar tych praktycznie nie słyszy się natomiast w przestrzeni publicznej. Wiele cech dialektalnych zachowało się tu jednak także w mowie średniego, a nawet młodszego pokolenia. Najstabilniejsze okazały się gwary Łatgalii, co wiąże się z ich użyciem nie tylko w mowie codziennej, lecz również w działalności kulturalnej. Zachowaniu gwar sprzyja także istnienie łatgalskiego języka pisanego, jak również używanie miejscowego języka podczas nabożeństw Kościoła katolickiego. Wszystko to sprawia, że w Łatgalii gwarami posługują się przedstawiciele wszystkich pokoleń. Jednakże i tutaj ludzie młodsi niekiedy komunikują się między sobą w języku literackim.Studium to jest prezentacją nowych danych i jako takie może stanowić podstawę dalszych badań. Badania takie mogłyby umożliwić prognozowanie tego, jak rozwijać się będą język łotewski oraz jego dialekty jako ważne składniki odpowiednio narodowej i lokalnej tożsamości Łotyszy. Analiza porównawcza materiałów zebranych w różnych okresach pozwala na wyciąganie wniosków co do tego, które cechy dialektalne wykazują większą żywotność, które zaś prawdopodobnie ulegną zmianie lub zanikowi.
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Kopchuk, Lyubov Borisovna. "Linguistic and socio-cultural distinctness of the dialect phraseology of Swiss German." Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 17, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20240021.
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The study aims to identify and typologize the distinctive features of the dialect phraseology of Swiss German in accordance with the factors of their linguistic and socio-cultural conditionality. The main factors considered are: the specificity of the socio-cultural “background” of a dialect; the identifying and connotative properties of a dialect; formation of special “phraseological symbols” in a dialect; concreteness of dialect images and a dialect’s “aversion” to abstraction; the desire to update figurative foundations; special phraseological creativity of dialect speakers. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the following: the paper is the first to show and substantiate that dialectal phraseology in Switzerland is a separate phraseological subsystem that has significant differences from the phraseology of the literary level due to the special nature of the socio-cultural context of Swiss German dialects. As a result of the study, it has been found that the formation and preservation of an original phraseological subsystem is ensured by the fact that dialectal phraseology draws its images and metaphors from a special conceptual sphere the basis of which is formed by the features of life and worldview that are relevant for speakers of the dialects.
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Kositsina, Yulia Vladimirovna. "Dialectisms in the modern regional dialect of the village of Usmanka, Chebulinsky District, Kemerovo Region." Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 17, no. 5 (May 24, 2024): 1577–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20240228.
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The aim of the research is to identify the features of the dialectal vocabulary of the Usma Kuzbass regional dialect at the present stage of its development. The scientific novelty of the research is that it is the first attempt to describe the dialectal vocabulary of the Kuzbass regional dialect of the 2020s. The article presents a dictionary and classification of dialectisms noted in the speech of the indigenous inhabitants of the village of Usmanka, Chebulinsky District, Kemerovo Region in 2021-2023. The classification of the described dialectal words is based on their fixation in dialect dictionaries, in connection with which four groups of dialectal lexical units are distinguished: dialectisms recorded in the dictionaries of the dialects of Kuzbass; dialectisms presented in the dictionaries of the dialects of Kuzbass as an option; dialectal words recorded in dialect dictionaries of other regions; dialectisms absent in dialect dictionaries. As a result of the research, it was found that the Usma regional dialect at the present stage of its development, on the one hand, retains the dialectisms of the dialects of Kuzbass, the dialects of Siberia and the mother dialects, on the other hand, it is characterized by the originality of its dialectal vocabulary.
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Lawrence, Wayne P. "Historical reanalysis in the Nakijin dialect noun accentuation system." Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 45, no. 1 (May 23, 2016): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19606028-00451p01.
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Whereas almost all Ryukyuan dialects with tonal contrasts are word-tone languages, the Nakijin dialect of Northern Okinawa is an accentual language, and this accent, in addition to being pronounced with a high tone in certain environments, interacts with a vowel lengthening process. Through comparison of the Okinawan dialect of Nakijin with the Amami dialect of Asama (Tokunoshima Island), which also has a productive vowel lengthening process, this paper reconstructs the prosodic system (pitch and vowel length) for underived nouns in Proto-Northern Ryukyuan, and shows how the accent developed in the Nakijin dialect. Alors que la plupart des dialectes ryukyu possédant des distinctions tonales sont des langues à tons lexicaux, le dialecte de Nakijin du nord d’Okinawa est une langue à accent, et cet accent, en plus d’être prononcé sous la forme d’un ton haut dans certains environnements, interagit avec un processus d’allongement vocalique. Par la comparaison du dialecte okinawaïen de Nakijin et du dialecte amami d’Asama (île de Tokunoshima), qui a lui aussi un processus productif d’allongement vocalique, cet article reconstruit le système prosodique (mélodie et longueur vocalique) des noms non dérivés en proto-ryukyu du Nord et expose la manière dont l’accent s’est développé dans le dialecte de Nakijin.
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Xidiraliyeva, Zoxira. "On the study of the vocalism of the Uzbek language Iqon dialect." Uzbekistan: language and culture 3, no. 4 (December 10, 2021): 74–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.uzlc.2021.4/acyu5679.
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It is stated in many sources that Uzbek dialects have a complex structure. In particular, Uzbek dialects outside the Republic of Uzbekistan are more complex and unique, ie they belong to different groups. For ex-ample, to such groups we can include the northern Uzbek dialects, which have a relatively small area, namely dialects of the Karluk, Kipchak, and Oghuz dialects. The Ikan dialect belongs to the Oghuz dialect, which was researched by the scientist Y.D. Polivanov, but the works were not conti- nued after him. Almost a century has passed since the publication of Y.D. Polivanov's article regarding the given dialect, during this period, though slowly, certain changes may have occured in the dialect. Q. Muhammad-janov expressed some views on this dialect during the study of northern Uzbek dialects, but it was not included as the research object. This article describes the system of vowels and consonants of Ikan dialect in relation to other dialects in the region, the distribution of phonetic features in oth-er dialects, phonetic processes in the dialect, the geography of dialectal sounds.
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Tkachuk, Maryna. "WEST POLISSIAN AREA AND STANDARD OF UKRAINIAN LITERARY LANGUAGE: FACTORS AND MECHANISMS OF INTERACTION." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Literary Studies. Linguistics. Folklore Studies, no. 32 (2022): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2659.2022.32.15.
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The article is devoted to the study of the interaction of two idioms: dialect language and literary standard. The typology of the interaction of dialects ↔ literary language is clarified on the example of one dialect – the West Polissian dialect; the factors that determine this interaction within one dialect micro-area are parameterized; the main mechanisms of such interaction are outlined. It is emphasized that the nature of contacts dialect ↔ literary language is two-sided. The first part of the study analyzes the influence of northern dialects on the formation of the literary standard in the diachronic aspect. The West Polissian dialect is characterized in view of its differentiation and peculiarities of functioning; the representation of dialectal elements and phenomena in texts of artistic style and common dictionaries in synchrony is studied and generalized. Several tendencies have been identified: the use of dialectal words in texts, which are not present in common dictionaries; partial semantization of dialecticisms in lexicographical works against the background of their wider semantic scope in dialectal speech; wider functional and stylistic load of dialectal vocabulary in speech compared to dictionaries of literary language. The second part of the article examines how the literary language can influence dialects – the repertoire of their elements, the functionality of individual units, the field of functioning of the dialect as a whole. It is noted that this trend may have varying degrees of manifestation. One of the first stages of influence was the assimilation of new language units, which are layered on dialect elements; the second stage is the neutralizing of some language features, and under condition of its systematic nature, as a consequence, the configuration of the ranges of individual phenomena changes; third stage is a complete transformation of dialectal speech under the influence of literary standard; the fourth is the disappearance of the locus where the dialect resides. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of intralinguistic and extralinguistic factors that affect the interaction of dialect ↔ literary language.
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Koliesnik, Liudmyla. "Bukovyna dialect of the village Yuzhynets." Philological Review, no. 1 (May 31, 2022): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257935.
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The article deals with description of one dialect as a system. The purpose of of this study is to describe the main features of the dialect v. Yuzhynets, manifested in oral dialectal speech, at all language levels. Attention is drawn to typical phonetic, morphological and syntactic dialectal features. The author’s own records from this dialect (2015) and dictionary materials are the source base of the study. The interview method was used to record the material. We created a relaxed communication situation and encouraged speakers to talk about different topics. The author applied the method of continuous selection of linguistic facts from transcribed texts, the method of their synthesis, description, comparison and comparison with other dialects and literary language. It should be emphasized that the speech of villagers of different sexes and ages has all the typical features of speech, but it differs from number and frequency. Naturally, most of these features are in the speech of the oldest villager. Тypical phonetic features: change and alternation of sounds, different nature of sounds compared to literary language. The features of word change of noun parts of speech and conjugation of verbs, morphological features of nouns (vacillation in the genus), adjectives (creation of degrees of comparison), dialectal forms of pronouns, numerals and adverbs are characterizes for the dialect morphological system. The peculiar prepositional-noun constructions in the syntactic structure of dialect speech, active use of dialectal conjunctions and amplifying particles are revealed. The manifestations of ancient original features of the Ukrainian language were observed: consistent use of the vocative form, remnants of the dual form, «honorable» plural, the forms plusquamperfect. Some previously unknown words and phrases have been found, they enriches the vocabulary of the dialect. It is specially noted that men’s speech is exposed to greater, but not critical external influence. The no significant external influences on the dialectal system were noted, despite the relative proximity village to the border regional territories. The obtained results make it possible to resistance of dialectal features to leveling and therefore this dialect is typical Bukovyna dialect. Some previously unrecorded tokens and phrases that supplement the vocabulary of the dialect are recorded. Keywords: dialect, Bukovyna dialects, typical dialect features, dialect speech, dialect text.
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Enazarov, Tolib. "Method of lexical analysis of dialectal texts." Uzbekistan: language and culture 3, no. 4 (December 10, 2021): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.uzlc.2021.4/wgqg4038.
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Dialectal words are lexical units that are actively used in Uzbek folk dialects and are rarely or not used at all at the level of literary language. They differ from words in literary language in that they have a dialectal meaning (s) and are only actively used in dialects. Opinions are expressed about their current number and types. The work done in the field of dialectal lexicon and dialectal lexicography is very limited relating to this field. At the same time, based on the tasks of science, it is possible to preserve the unique lexical richness of dialects by "creating an electronic dictionary and atlas based on the materials of Qarluq, Kipchak and Oguz dialects."It is recognized that there are several practical methods of collec- ting dialectal words, such as "Question-Answer", "Questionnaire". But none of them are as effective methods as the “lexical analysis of dialectal texts” method. This is because the ability to identify dialectal words on the basis of lexical analysis of the content of texts written from dialects has been used in practical experiments during dialectological practices. The article describes the process of recording and transcribing the speech of Dialect (Sheva) representatives as dialectal texts and identifying dialectal words in it as a method of “lexical analysis of dialectal texts”. Dialectal texts written from dialects are also provided as a proof of the said opinions.In the process of dialectological observations, it is advisable to use the following special methods, which are part of the method of analysis of dialectal texts: 1) The method of writing a dialectal text (s); 2) the method of transcribing it (s); 3) the method of determining the types of dialec-tal words based on the requirements of lexical analysis of dialectal texts; 4) a method of teaching dialectal words by analyzing them on the basis of dialectal texts; 5) A method of collecting dialect materials by preparing a "dialect dictionary".If this method is actively used, it will be possible to easily find at least from two and a half to three million dialectal words with the lexical richness of dialects, prepare dictionary articles for them and create mod-ern electronic dictionaries and atlases. It should also be noted that it has been proved that there are ten types of dialectal words. The method of analysis of dialectal texts put forward and tested during dialectological practices and the following special research methods can be used in the innovative project "Compilation of electronic dictionary and atlas based on materials of Qarluq, Kipchak and Oghuz dialects" to be demonstrated with reasoning and evidence from a practical point of view.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dialect"
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Simmons, Richard VanNess. "The Hangzhou dialect." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11131.
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Prompapakorn, Praparat. "Dialect contact and new dialect formation in a Thai New Town." Thesis, University of Essex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411267.
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Hilton, Nanna Haug. "Regional dialect levelling and language standards : changes in the Hønefoss dialect." Thesis, University of York, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/973/.
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This is a sociolinguistic investigation of regional dialect levelling and the role that standardised language plays for this particular type of dialect change. This study combines a quantitative variationist investigation of linguistic variation and change in East Norwegian cities Hønefoss and Oslo with experimental and qualitative studies of attitudinal data in Hønefoss. The aim of the study is to shed light on the role that standard language ideologies play for loss of localised dialects. Varieties of East Norwegian spoken in the small city Hønefoss and the capital city Oslo are becoming increasingly alike. Oslo speech is an influential factor in the loss in Hønefoss of local linguistic variants in variables 3pl personal pronouns and
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Mau, Wing-yan Annie. "Cantonese language or dialect? /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31789705.
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Bruckmueller, Michael Jacob. "An American actor's dialect /." Available to VCU users online at:, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/2079.
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Mau, Wing-yan Annie, and 繆穎欣. "Cantonese: language or dialect?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31789705.
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Scouller, Alastair MacNeill. "Gaelic dialect of Colonsay." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31514.
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This thesis provides a description of the Scottish Gaelic dialect spoken on the Inner Hebridean island of Colonsay. This dialect has not previously been the subject of any serious academic research. Gaelic was the dominant language on Colonsay until the 1970s, but the local dialect is now in terminal decline, with only a handful of fluent speakers still living on the island. The study focusses mainly on the phonology of the dialect, but other aspects such as morphology, syntax and lexis are also covered. Following a brief introduction, Chapter 1 seeks to situate the dialect in its wider geographical, historical and sociolinguistic context, highlighting the major changes that have taken place in the past forty years, and have led to its present endangered situation. Chapter 2, which comprises approximately half the thesis, examines the phonological structure of the dialect in detail, based on the results of the Survey of the Gaelic Dialects of Scotland (SGDS). Issues of phonetic and phonemic transcription are discussed. The phonemes identified are then listed, with their respective allophones and non-allophonic variants. Chapter 3 deals with prosodic and other non-segmental features which are of significance for the phonology of the dialect. Chapter 4 highlights those aspects of morphology and syntax where Colonsay usage differs from other varieties of Gaelic. Chapter 5 discusses lexical features which are particular to this dialect, or shared with neighbouring dialects in Argyll. An annotated Glossary lists words which are of particular interest in the study of this dialect, some of which are discussed in more detail in Chapter 5. This thesis will provide future students of Gaelic dialectology with an account of the Colonsay dialect, to complement the numerous monographs that have been written about other varieties of Gaelic. Because of the precarious position of this dialect, the timing of this study is critical: it represents the last opportunity to 'preserve by record' a distinctive variety of Gaelic which, sadly, is on the verge of extinction.
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Haviernikova, Nina. "Dialect Contact in Slovakia." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1515116276257858.
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Bruckmueller, Michael J. "An American Actor's Dialect." VCU Scholars Compass, 2004. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1419.
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Over the course of the past ten years, both studying and teaching Voice & Speech for the Actor, I have become frustrated with the status quo of so called 'standard speech'. The two dialects that I have studied in depth are Edith Skinner's 'American Classical Stage Standard' and Kenneth Crannell's 'Career Speech'. I have found something lacking in both the Skinner dialect and Crannell's 'Career Speech'. Yet, I believe that each has a strength from which the other could benefit. The specificity of the Skinner dialect makes 'American Classical Stage Standard' not only easy to learn but also an excellent tool in ear training. The problem with this dialect is that before its artificial creation, it did not exist in the American English language. Additionally, 'American Classical Stage Standard' is not appropriate for theatrical works in a contemporary setting. Conversely, the 'standards' that have been formed in reaction to Skinner's method, such as Crannell's 'Career Speech', are rooted in American English Speech. But since Crannell's 'Career Speech' relies heavily on observation, the resulting paradigm avoids specificity because in the real world not everyone speaks in the same way. The dialect that I am setting forth in this project is my attempt to combine the Skinner dialect and Crannell's 'Career Speech' to create a dialect that is contemporary but non-geographic specific in sound. My American Actor's dialect will be simple and efficient to learn and teach and will provide the student with a base dialect for further study in voice and speech for the stage and for contemporary American theatrical works set post 1980 if there is no dialect called for in the script or if the director chooses not to include dialect work in that specific production.
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Johansson, Marie. ""Jag säger ju enn, men jag skriver en" : En undersökning om dialektanvändning i tal och skrift i en värmländsk årskurs tre." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-42668.
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This essay aims to explore the dialect use in speech and writing in different school contexts among pupils in grade three in Värmland, Sweden and their teacher’s attitude to dialect usage in the classroom. The methods used for the survey are structured observations, collected documents and qualitative semi- structured interviews with both pupils and their teacher. The purpose of using three different methods is to get as complete a survey and credible result as possible as the methods in this case complement each other in an advantageous way. The result shows that a majority of the participating pupils use their dialect in most of the different speech situation with the exception of oral presentations and presentation of today´s date and lunch during morning assemblies. In these situation the dialect is often modified. As for the pupils´ writing in dialect, the result shows, however, that it seldom occurs at all. The pupils generally do not see themselves as dialect speakers while their teacher argues that everyone in the class speaks the local dialect. Furthermore, the results of the teacher interview shows that the teacher is sympathetic to the use of dialect in general and sees no problem with dialect in speech, but does not accept dialect use in school writing.Min studie syftar till att undersöka värmländska elevers dialektanvändning i såväl tal som i skrift i olika skolsammanhang samt att ta reda på deras lärares inställning till dialektanvändning i klassrummet. Metoderna som legat till grund för undersökningen är strukturerade observationer, insamlade dokument samt kvalitativa semistrukturerade elev- och lärarintervjuer. Avsikten med att använda tre olika metoder är att få en så fullständig undersökning och trovärdigt resultat som möjligt då metoderna i detta fall kompletterar varandra på ett fördelaktigt sätt. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att majoriteten av de medverkande eleverna använder sig av sin värmländska dialekt i de flesta talsituationer, med undantag för muntliga framställningar och presentation av dagens datum och lunch under morgonsamlingar. Vid dessa tillfällen modifieras ofta dialekten. Vad gäller elevernas skrivande på dialekt visar resultatet däremot att det nästan inte förekommer alls. Eleverna själva anser sig överlag inte heller tala värmländska medan deras lärare hävdar att alla i klassen talar dialektalt. Vidare visar resultatet från lärarintervjun att läraren är positivt inställd till dialektanvändning generellt och ser inga problem med dialekt i tal, men accepterar inte dialektal användning i skrift i skolsammanhang.
Books on the topic "Dialect"
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Penhallurick, Robert John. Studying Dialect. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58408-3.
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Yoshie, Satoko. Sāri dialect. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, 1996.
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Devi, Ch Santirani. Kakching dialect. [Imphal]: Centre for Manipuri Studies, Manipur University, 1990.
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Preston, Dennis R., ed. American Dialect Research. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.68.
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De Vogelaer, Gunther, and Guido Seiler, eds. The Dialect Laboratory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.128.
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Berezowski, Leszek. Dialect in translation. Wrocław: Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 1997.
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Richard, Preston Dennis, and Fought John G, eds. American dialect research. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins, 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Dialect"
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Vicente, Ángeles. "Dialect contact and urban dialects." In The Routledge Handbook of Arabic Sociolinguistics, 106–16. New York, NY : Routledge, [2019] | Series: Routledge language handbooks: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315722450-8.
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Simo, Judit. "Dialect." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development, 501–2. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_843.
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Weik, Martin H. "dialect." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 398. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_4902.
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Macaulay, Ronald K. S. "Dialect." In Handbook of Pragmatics, 1–14. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hop.3.dia3.
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Macaulay, Ronald K. S. "Dialect." In Variation and Change, 61–72. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hoph.6.05mac.
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Chapman, Raymond. "Dialect." In The Language of Thomas Hardy, 112–24. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20566-0_8.
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van Bree, Cor. "The dialect of Vriezenveen." In Investigating West Germanic Languages, 260–75. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sigl.8.12van.
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The village of Vriezenveen (not far from Almelo in Twente, an eastern region of the Netherlands) has a dialect that differs from its neighboring dialects in a number a features. For instance, instead of lengthened vowels in open syllables it can have rising diphthongs whereas the other Twente dialects have centered diphthongs or short vowels more open than the original short ones: ljèvn ‘to live’ [jæ.] opposite to lèëvn [εǝ] of lèvvn [ε] (Standard Dutch leven [e.] < [ε]). The Vriezenveen dialect also has (or had) diphthongs in stein ‘stone’ [εi], geitn ‘to pour’, bouk ‘book’ [ɔu] instead of Twente dialect stèèn [ε.], geetn [e.], book [o.], Standard Dutch steen [e.], gieten [i], boek [u]. These conservative features can be explained by the fact that the inhabitants of Vriezenveen had extensive contacts with the Westphalian region through which they travelled on their commercial tours to Russia (Saint Petersburg). In this German region these features can still be found. On the other hand, a form like huus ‘house’, with [y.] instead of [u.], points in a western direction. Nowadays the young inhabitants of Vriezenveen are adapting their dialect to the more general Twente dialect. This regiolectization clearly manifested itself during interviews organized from 2012 through 2015.
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Mase, Yoshio, and Midori Yonezawa. "Dialect Consciousness and Dialect Divisions." In Handbook of Perceptual Dialectology, 71–99. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.hpd1.13mas.
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Oetting, Janna B. "Chapter 4. Approaching Developmental Language Disorder from a Disorder within Dialects framework." In Studies in Bilingualism, 116–42. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sibil.67.04oet.
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Disorder within Dialects is a new framework that has helped guide a series of studies on childhood Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) within African American English (AAE) and Southern White American English (SWAE), two dialects spoken in the southern region of the United States. In this chapter, I review the basic tenets of the Disorder with Dialects framework, contrasting it with the traditional Dialect vs. Disorder framework. Then, focusing on children’s use of finite markers within AAE and SWAE and using data from several published studies, I demonstrate how dialect-informed materials and strategic scoring systems can be used to identify children with DLD within these dialects and perhaps within other linguistic varieties spoken in the United States and elsewhere.
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Hendriks, Jennifer. "Chapter 4. The dynamics of lifelong acquisition in dialect contact and change." In Lifespan Acquisition and Language Change, 84–103. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ahs.14.04hen.
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Acquisition research involving speakers of mutually intelligible varieties (dialects) or mutually unintelligible varieties (languages) reveals a wide range of possible acquisition outcomes at different life stages and their potential to shape language change across the community. Since contexts of dialect contact often include language contact, attempts to understand the link between dialect acquisition and dialect change must also consider language contact as a potential factor. This chapter surveys the research on dialect contact and lifespan change in contexts of language maintenance in both non-mobile and mobile languages users as a window into the human capacity for lifelong acquisition and change. The chapter adopts a linguistic repertoire focus, recognizing that bidialectalism/bilingualism is a matter of degree, and that language dominance plays a key role in crosslinguistic transfer. This proposal is illustrated with a case study of dialect and language contact in Early Modern Dutch.
Conference papers on the topic "Dialect"
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Задорожня, Ірина. "ДІАЛЕКТНА ТЕКСТОТЕКА: ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА ІНФОРМАТИВНІСТЬ." In Proceedings of the XXV International Scientific and Practical Conference. RS Global Sp. z O.O., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_conf/25012021/7360.
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The article reviews the problem of Ukrainian dialectic textography. This scientific area has been recently enriched with new works. This article focuses on dialectic text. Text is one of the important tools to represent dialect materials. For example, small text fragments show how can a lexeme behave in a speech-space. One of the dialects of the central region of Ukraine was chosen for the analysis, as this dialect specifically is one of the ancestors of the modern Ukrainian literary language. The subject of the presented fragments is associated with popular geographical terminology. This vocabulary is closely related to primordial history and culture. This thematic group is archaic. It has not yet become the object of a separate study, which would represent the whole variety of dialects from the entire territory of Ukraine. Up until today, there are only a few regional works.
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Dan, Yangjie, Fan Xu, and Mingwen Wang. "End-to-End Chinese Dialect Discrimination with Self-Attention." In 2nd International Conference on Machine Learning Techniques and NLP (MLNLP 2021). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.111425.
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Dialect discrimination has an important practical significance for protecting inheritance of dialects. The traditional dialect discrimination methods pay much attention to the underlying acoustic features, and ignore the meaning of the pronunciation itself, resulting in low performance. This paper systematically explores the validity of the pronunciation features of dialect speech composed of phoneme sequence information for dialect discrimination, and designs an end-to-end dialect discrimination model based on the multi-head self-attention mechanism. Specifically, we first adopt the residual convolution neural network and the multihead self-attention mechanism to effectively extract the phoneme sequence features unique to different dialects to compose the novel phonetic features. Then, we perform dialect discrimination based on the extracted phonetic features using the self-attention mechanism and bi-directional long short-term memory networks. The experimental results on the large-scale benchmark 10-way Chinese dialect corpus released by IFLYTEK 1 show that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art alternatives by large margin.
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Knyazev, Sergey, and Maria Evstigneeva. "“Word-by-word” melodic contour in Russian dialects: quantitative approach." In Dialogue. RSUH, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2022-21-284-294.
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The paper presents results of quantitative analysis of phrasal tonal structure in two Northern Russian dialects with different types of “word-by-word” melodic contour. These dialects differ from Modern Standard Russian by the quantity of pitch accents since their 60% of words bear pitch accent, thus the prosodic unit in them is not a (phonological) word, but an accent group. In addition, the dialects differ from Standard Russian by regular presence of even tone on the accented vowel (in Arkhangelsk dialect 86% of all accents have it; in Vologda dialect it is less frequent: 33%) and higher frequency of pitch accents with increased interval. The main differences between Arkhangelsk and Vologda dialects are 1) the ratio of rising and falling pitch accents: 2.6% falling in Arkhangelsk dialect and 56% in Vologda dialect, it brings the latter closer to Standard Russian (53%) and 2) the level of the base tone on which the main tonal changes occur (high and medium, respectively). Thus “word-by-word” melodic contour exists at least in two varieties: with rising tonal movement and with a falling tone in the function of an ornamental accent. In general, the intonation system of Vologda dialect, though there are a lot of significant differences, is much closer to Modern Standard Russian than to Arkhangelsk dialect.
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Панчевска, А. "Називите за ‘кукла’ во македонските дијалекти во поширок словенски контекст (според материјалите на ОЛА)." In Межкультурное и межъязыковое взаимодействие в пространстве Славии (к 110-летию со дня рождения С. Б. Бернштейна). Институт славяноведения РАН, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0459-6.24.
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The text discusses the names for ‘doll, puppet’ in the Macedonian dialects and their etymology, as well as the motivations for their derivation. This analysis provides an insight into the place of the Macedonian dialects in relation to this issue in the wider Slavic context. The name kukla, which is most widespread on the Macedonian dialect territory, connects the Macedonian dialects with the other East Slavic languages. Many of the names used in dialects, such as kukla, are borrowings from other languages. Those of Slavic origin, as well as borrowings, are basically derived from lexemes denoting a young girl. For this analysis, the dialect material from the Slavic Linguistic Atlas (OLA) is used, in which the Macedonian dialect territory is represented with 24 villages.
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Ананьева, Н. Е. "К вопросу о польских островных говорах." In Межкультурное и межъязыковое взаимодействие в пространстве Славии (к 110-летию со дня рождения С. Б. Бернштейна). Институт славяноведения РАН, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0459-6.25.
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In this paper the concept of insular Polish dialect is applied not only to migrant dialects, but also (by the example of Polish dialects of Ukraine) to the vast compact in the past territory of the “mother” dialect, which now has been reduced to separate islands. The linguistic features of two Polish dialects in Ukraine (the villages of Sharovechka find Matkivtsi near Khmelnitsky) are compared with the linguistic features of two Polish dialects, the speakers of which were forcibly resettled from Ukraine to Kazakhstan (the villages of Ozernoe and Stepnoe near Kokchetav).
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Romanciuc, Alexei. "A comparative analysis of Eastern Romanian lexical borrowings in Bulaeshti and Prut-Bukovina Ukrainians’ dialects: parallels and differences." In Ethnology Symposium "Ethnic traditions and processes", Edition II. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975333788.09.
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The article considers the issue of lexical borrowings from the Romanian language present both in the dialect of the Ukrainians of Bulaesti village (Orhei district, Republic of Moldova) and in the Ukrainian dialects of Bukovina. The comparative analysis demonstrates that 42% of the dataset (407 borrowed from Romanian language words into the Bulaestian dialect) have not any analogies in the Bukovinian dialects. Also, 12% of these Bulaestian words have some analogies in the Bucovinian dialects, but with some differences in semantics, phonetics or stress (sometimes they differ in all three aspects).
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Amine Menacer, Mohamed, and Kamel Smaïli. "Investigating Data Sharing in Speech Recognition for an Under-Resourced Language: The Case of Algerian Dialect." In 7th International Conference on Advances in Computer Science and Information Technology (ACSTY 2021). AIRCC Publishing Corporation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.110308.
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The Arabic language has many varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), and its spoken forms, namely the dialects. Those dialects are representative examples of under-resourced languages for which automatic speech recognition is considered as an unresolved issue. To address this issue, we recorded several hours of spoken Algerian dialect and used them to train a baseline model. This model was boosted afterwards by taking advantage of other languages that impact this dialect by integrating their data in one large corpus and by investigating three approaches: multilingual training, multitask learning and transfer learning. The best performance was achieved using a limited and balanced amount of acoustic data from each additional language, as compared to the data size of the studied dialect. This approach led to an improvement of 3.8% in terms of word error rate in comparison to the baseline system trained only on the dialect data.
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Abidi, K., and K. Smaili. "Creating Multi-Scripts Sentiment Analysis Lexicons for Algerian, Moroccan and Tunisian Dialects." In 2nd International Conference on Machine Learning Techniques and NLP (MLNLP 2021). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.111413.
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In this article, we tackle the issue of sentiment analysis in three Maghrebi dialects used in social networks. More precisely, we are interested by analysing sentiments in Algerian, Moroccan and Tunisian corpora. To do this, we built automatically three lexicons of sentiments, one for each dialect. Each lexicon is composed of words with their polarities, a dialect word could be written in Arabic or in Latin scripts. These lexicons may include French or English words as well as words in Arabic dialect and standard Arabic. The semantic orientation of a word represented by an embedding vector is determined automatically by calculating its distance with several embedding seed words. The embedding vectors are trained on three large corpora collected from YouTube. The proposed approach is evaluated by using few existing annotated corpora in Tunisian and Moroccan dialects. For the Algerian dialect, in addition to a small corpus we found in the literature, we collected and annotated one composed of 10k comments extracted from Youtube. This corpus represents a valuable resource which is proposed for free.
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Трефилова, О. В. "Болгарская диалектология на службе этнолингвистики." In Межкультурное и межъязыковое взаимодействие в пространстве Славии (к 110-летию со дня рождения С. Б. Бернштейна). Институт славяноведения РАН, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0459-6.33.
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Ethnolinguistic studies are closely related to linguogeography. They use mapping methods and the results of mapping dialect phenomena. Therefore, not only dialectological studies complement ethnolinguistic ones, but also ethnolinguistic ones can verify and supplement dialect data. The tasks of ethnolinguistic research differ. The role of auxiliary dialect information depends on the research objectives. Thus, dialectological information is very important in the study of resettlement traditions. In turn, an ethnolinguistic survey of traditional culture in such localities can con firm their dialect af filiation. The presence of a dialect atlas makes it possible to con firm the areal characteristics of the dialect of the studied tradition (especially when information about the resettlement has not been preserved and has been erased from the memory of the population over the 200-year period of stay in another country). Comparing these characteristics with the collected linguistic and cultural data, it is possible to separate the facts peculiar to the primordial archaic tradition from the later layers and interference phenomena. Broader generalizations can be reached in the ethnolinguistic survey of settlements located in the zone of transitional or mixed dialects. Dialect material also helps in solving lexicographic tasks, namely the tasks of compiling ethnolinguistic dictionaries.
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Morozova, Maria S., and Alexander Yu Rusakov. "ON COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LINGUISTIC COMPLEXITY OF ALBANIAN AND SOUTH SLAVIC DIALECTS." In 50th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063183.14.
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The article discusses approaches to the measurement and comparative study of linguistic complexity of the Balkan dialects, genetically related to different languages. At this stage Albanian and South Slavic dialects were considered. Based on dialect descriptions and atlases, 948 South Slavic and 131 Albanian locations in the Balkan Peninsula were surveyed. Significant differences between the tentative “common Albanian” and “common Slavic” states, taken as reference points for measuring complexity, and differences between dialectal phenomena relevant for modern Albanian and South Slavic varieties, make the creation of a single list of features a non-trivial task. Thus the paper attempts a comparative study of complexity using two lists compiled independently for Albanian and for South Slavic and including 27 unmatching binary features each. All features reflect the “grammatical” complexity of language system (inventory of phonemes and grammemes, number of inflectional classes, etc.). Relative complexity or simplicity is seen as not only a static characteristic of modern dialects, but also a result of simplifying and complexifying innovations that developed in different historical periods, and preservation of the “inherited” complexity from “common Albanian” and “common Slavic”. This approach allows us to confirm the assumption that language contact can lead to both simplification and complexification and to postulate different paths of contact development for Albanian and South Slavic dialect zones. Contacts in the Albanian-speaking area are always associated with simplification, while South Slavic demonstrates a trend towards simplification, with the exception of Western Macedonian, where high complexity results from many contact-induced complexifying innovations. Refs 10.
Reports on the topic "Dialect"
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Hillyard, Lisa. A dialect study of Oregon NORMs. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5496.
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Jasim, Maha Ibrahim. The Linguistic Heritage of the Maṣlāwī Dialect in Iraq. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.015.
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This paper deals with the linguistic heritage of the Maṣlāwī dialect in Iraq spoken by the diverse communities in the city of Mosul, known for its very rich cultural heritage in northern Iraq. Fears among the speakers of the Maṣlāwī dialect, particularly the Christian Maṣlāwīs in Iraq, of losing their unique and multicultural dialect due to demographic changes that affected the city of Mosul is leading researchers to reflect on the many linguistic and cultural affiliations of the Maṣlāwī dialect associated with the religious communities in Mosul, in an attempt to preserve the very unique and vital linguistic heritage of the city.
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Shaba, Varteen Hannah. Translating North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic Idioms into English. Institute of Development Studies, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2023.002.
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North-eastern Neo-Aramaic (also known as NENA) languages and literature are a prosperous and encouraging field of research. They abound with oral traditions and expressions that incorporate various spoken forms including everyday language, tales, songs, chants, prayers, proverbs, and more. These are used to transfer culture, knowledge, and community values. Some types of oral forms are idioms and fixed expressions. Idioms are extremely problematic to translate for a number of reasons, including: cultural and linguistic differences between languages; their specific connection to cultural practices and interpretations, and the difficulty of transferring the same meanings and connotations into another language with accuracy. This paper explores how to define and classify idioms, and suggests specific strategies and procedures to translate idioms from the NENA dialect Bartella (a local Aramaic dialect in Nineveh Plain) into English – as proposed by Baker (1992: 63–78). Data collection is based on 15 idioms in Bartella dialect taken from the heritage play Khlola d baretle teqta (Wedding in the old Bartella). The findings revealed that only three strategies are helpful to transfer particular cultural conceptualisations: using an idiom of similar meaning and form; using an idiom of similar meaning but different form, and translation by paraphrasing. Based on the findings, the author provides individuals and institutions with suggestions on how to save endangered languages and dialects, particularly with regard to the religious minorities’ heritage. Key among these recommendations is encouraging researchers and scholars to direct translation projects and activities towards preserving minority languages with their oral heritage and cultural expressions, which are susceptible to extinction.
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Okumura, Nao. Japanese Dialect Ideology from Meiji to the Present. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.3135.
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Conn, Jeffrey. Portland Dialect Study: The Story of /æ/ in Portland. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6402.
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Bret Linford, Bret Linford. Learning beyond the textbook: Developing dialect-specific grammar in a study abroad context. Experiment, November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/1568.
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Berdan, Robert, Terrence Wiley, and Magaly Lavadenz. California Association for Bilingual Education (CABE) Position Statement on Ebonics. Center for Equity for English Learners, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.statement.1997.1.
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In this position statement, the authors write in support of Ebonics (also known as African American Vernacular English, Black English, Black Dialect, and African American Language) as a legitimate language. The linguistic and cultural origins of Ebonics is traced, along with its legitimacy by professional organizations and the courts. CABE asserts that the role of schools and teachers is therefore to build on students’ knowledge of Ebonics rather than replace or eradicate Ebonics as they teach standard English. This position statement has implications for teacher training.
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Adris Saaed, Saaed, and Wafaa Sabah Khuder. The Language of the People of Bashiqa: A Vehicle of their Intangible Cultural Heritage. Institute of Development Studies, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.003.
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The current study is an attempt to provide a linguistic, a historical, as well as a sociocultural record of the language variety spoken in Bashiqa (Northern Iraq) by one of the communities which represents a religious minority in Iraq known as Yazidis. This language is an example of an under-researched language diversity. This research draws on a sample of eleven in-depth semi-structured interviews with Yezidi men and women from Bashiqa, Iraq. The analysis of these interviews has yielded a number of points which help in documenting and preserving this language variety. The study concludes that the language used in Bashiqa is an ancient hybrid regional dialect in which many values and meanings are embedded. In short, the Yazidis understand their language as a vehicle of their intangible cultural heritage.
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Leonhard, Robert R. Dialectic Strategy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada288864.
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Perrey, Arnold G., and Barry A. Bell. Performance evaluation of dialed number recorders. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4700.
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