Relevant bibliographies by topics / Dialect variation

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Dialect variation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Dialect variation"

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Lu, Yu-An. "The effect of dialectal variation on word recognition." Language and Linguistics / 語言暨語言學 20, no. 4 (September 24, 2019): 535–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lali.00048.lu.

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Abstract Previous studies on Chinese dialect variation have mostly focused on the description of dialects, the regions where these dialects are spoken, attitudes towards dialects, and acoustic differences across dialects. The present study draws on experimental evidence concerning a vowel difference in two Taiwan Southern Min (TSM) dialects to provide more understanding on how non-contrastive, dialectal variations may affect speakers’ processing of speech. The variation of interest is a phonemic difference, [ə] and [ɔ], in the vowel inventory in two TSM dialects, in which the difference signals a lexical contrast in one dialect (e.g. [ə-a] ‘oyster’ vs. [ɔ-a] ‘taro’) but not in the other ([ɔ-a] ‘oyster, taro’). A long-term repetition-priming experiment investigating the word recognition involving the two vowels revealed a dialect effect on TSM speakers’ word recognition in accordance with prior exposure, native-ness and variant frequency. Implications of the findings are provided.
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WAGNER, LAURA, CYNTHIA G. CLOPPER, and JOHN K. PATE. "Children's perception of dialect variation." Journal of Child Language 41, no. 5 (August 28, 2013): 1062–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000913000330.

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ABSTRACTA speaker's regional dialect is a rich source of information about that person. Two studies examined five- to six-year-old children's perception of regional dialect: Can they perceive differences among dialects? Have they made meaningful social connections to specific dialects? Experiment 1 asked children to categorize speakers into groups based on their accent; Experiment 2 asked them to match speakers to (un)familiar cultural items. Each child was tested with two of the following: the child's Home dialect, a Regional variant of that dialect, and a Second-Language variant. Results showed that children could successfully categorize only with a Home vs. Second-Language dialect contrast, but could reliably link cultural items with either a Home vs. Second-Language or a Regional vs. Second-Language dialect contrast. These results demonstrate five- to six-year-old children's developing perceptual skill with dialect, and suggest that they have a gradient representation of dialect variation.
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Fanselow, Gisbert, Reinhold Kliegl, and Matthias Schlesewsky. "Syntactic variation in German wh-questions." Linguistic Variation Yearbook 2005 5 (December 31, 2005): 37–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/livy.5.03fan.

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This paper reports three experiments concerning variation in the grammar of German wh-questions. We found much variation but no clear dialects in the acceptability ratings of sentences violating the weak crossover condition. We attribute this variation to extra-grammatical factors. With a sentence completion task, we were able to show that there is regional variation concerning the scope of wh-movement. In a training experiment, we were also able to make speakers of the restrictive dialect behave like speakers of the liberal dialect with respect to wh-movement. We argue that this suggests an extragrammatical explanation of the dialectal difference.
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Chineze, Nwagalaku, Obiora Harriet Chinyere, and Christopher Chinedu Nwike. "Linguistic Variation and Change in Nawfija Speech Community." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 12, no. 5 (September 1, 2021): 741–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1205.13.

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The focus of this study is on linguistic change and variation in the Nawfija speech community. It distinguished dialect from other similar words and contrasted the traditional Igbo dialect with the Nawfija dialect of the Igbo language on an equal footing. The types of dialectal variations found in the Igbo Nawfija dialect were investigated in this study, as well as the question of dialect supremacy. For the creation of standard Igbo, some suggestions have been made.
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McCully, Chris B., and Richard M. Hogg. "Dialect Variation and Historical Metrics." Diachronica 11, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.11.1.04mcc.

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SUMMARY The form and distribution of Middle English poetic texts is neither accidental nor the sole consequence of French (or Latin) literary influence. In particular, we claim that changes in poetic form are enabled by language change, specifically and in the Middle English period by changes in word- and phrase-stress patterning. Such linguistic changes initially take place in different dialects at different rates. Since dialects show at least partial synchronic isomorphism between phonological and metrical forms, it is reasonable to explore the consequences of such isomorphism in Middle English, and come to some (tentative) conclusions about the metres, the alliterative patterning, and the di-atopic variation in Middle English verse. We include data and analyses connected with the coming of systematic rhyme, different forms of alliterative writing, metrical promotion and subordination, and isosyllabism. These help to justify the initial assumptions that dialect variation is metrically significant and that poetic form and change is enabled by changes in stress-patterning. RÉSUMÉ La forme et la disuibution des textes poétiques du moyen anglais n'est ni le résultat d'un accident ni entièrement la conséquence de l'influence littéraire française (ou latine). Nous prétendons, en particulier, que les changements dans la forme poétique deviennent possibles grâce aux changements dans la langue, plus spécifiquement, durant la période du moyen anglais, grâce aux changements au niveau de l'accentuation des mots et des phrases. Initialement, de tels changements linguistiques se produisent dans des dialectes différents et à des vitesses différentes. Puisque les dialectes démontrent un isomorphisme du moins partiellement synchronique entre les formes phonologiques et métriques, il semblerait raisonnable d'explorer les conséquences d'un tel isomorphisme en anglais moyen et d'en venir à quelques conclusions préliminaires sur sa métricité, son allitération et sa variation diatopique. Nous incluons, par ailleurs, les données et les analyses reliées à l'avènement de la rime systématique, aux diverses formes d'allitération, à la promotion et subordination métrique, aussi bien qu'à l'isosyllabisme. Tout cela contribue à justifier les suppositions initiales, voire que la variation dialectale a une importance de nature métrique et que la forme ainsi que le changement poétique sont motivés par des changements au niveau de l'accentuation. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die Art und Verbreitung der mittelenglischen Literatur ist weder zufällig noch als das Ergebnis franzosischer (oder lateinischer) Einflüsse anzusehen. In diesem Aufsatz wird vornehmlich die Auffassung vertreten, daß Ânderungen in der dichterischen Form durch Sprachwandel ermoglicht werden. Während der mittelenglischen Periode geschah dies vor allem durch Ânderungen im Be-tonungsmuster von Wörtem und Wortgruppen. Solche sprachlichen Veränderungen traten in den verschiedenen Dialekten weder gleichzeitig noch regel-maßig auf. Da die Dialekte synchron gesehen zumindest teilweise eine Isomor-phie zwischen phonologischen und metrischen Strukturen aufweisen, lassen sich im Mittelenglischen einige Folgen dieser Isomorphic untersuchen. Sie erlauben zumindest einige vorläufige Schliisse iiber Metrik, Stabreimmuster und diatopische Varianten in der mittelenglischen Dichtung. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wurden Materialien und Analysen berücksichtigt, die sowohl mit dem Auftreten des Endreims als auch mit den verschiedenen Formen der Stabreim-dichtung zusammenhängen, etwa mit dem Isosyllabismus und der metrischen Profilierung oder Unterordnung. Dièse bestätigen großtenteils unsere An-nahmen, da8 Verschiedenenheiten innerhalb der Dialekte fur die Metrik von Bedeutung sind und da6 der Wandel in der poetischen Ausdrucksform durch Ànderungen im Wortbetonungsmuster ermoglicht wird.
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Heeringa, Wilbert, and John Nerbonne. "Dialect areas and dialect continua." Language Variation and Change 13, no. 3 (October 2001): 375–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394501133041.

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The organizing concept behind dialect variation is still seen predominantly as the areas within which similar varieties are spoken. The opposing view—that dialects are organized in a continuum without sharp boundaries—is likewise popular. This article introduces a new element into the discussion, which is the opportunity to view dialectal differences in the aggregate. We employ a dialectometric technique that provides an additive measure of pronunciation difference: the (aggregate) pronunciation distance. This allows us to determine how much of the linguistic variation is accounted for by geography. In our sample of 27 Dutch towns and villages, the variation ranges between 65% and 81%, which lends credence to the continuum view. The borders of well-established dialect areas nonetheless show large deviations from the expected aggregate pronunciation distance. We pay particular attention to a puzzle concerning the subjective perception of continua introduced by Chambers and Trudgill (1998): a traveller walking in a straight line from village to village notices successive small changes, but seldom, if ever, observes large differences. This sounds like a justification of the continuum view, but there is an added twist. Might the traveller be misled by the perspective of most recent memory? We use the Chambers–Trudgill puzzle to organize our argument at several points.
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Alsharhan, Eiman, and Allan Ramsay. "Investigating the effects of gender, dialect, and training size on the performance of Arabic speech recognition." Language Resources and Evaluation 54, no. 4 (October 12, 2020): 975–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10579-020-09505-5.

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Abstract Research in Arabic automatic speech recognition (ASR) is constrained by datasets of limited size, and of highly variable content and quality. Arabic-language resources vary in the attributes that affect language resources in other languages (noise, channel, speaker, genre), but also vary significantly in the dialect and level of formality of the spoken Arabic they capture. Many languages suffer similar levels of cross-dialect and cross-register acoustic variability, but these effects have been under-studied. This paper is an experimental analysis of the interaction between classical ASR corpus-compensation methods (feature selection, data selection, gender-dependent acoustic models) and the dialect-dependent/register-dependent variation among Arabic ASR corpora. The first interaction studied in this paper is that between acoustic recording quality and discrete pronunciation variation. Discrete pronunciation variation can be compensated by using grapheme-based instead of phone-based acoustic models, and by filtering out speakers with insufficient training data; the latter technique also helps to compensate for poor recording quality, which is further compensated by eliminating delta-delta acoustic features. All three techniques, together, reduce Word Error Rate (WER) by between 3.24% and 5.35%. The second aspect of dialect and register variation to be considered is variation in the fine-grained acoustic pronunciations of each phoneme in the language. Experimental results prove that gender and dialect are the principal components of variation in speech, therefore, building gender and dialect-specific models leads to substantial decreases in WER. In order to further explore the degree of acoustic differences between phone models required for each of the dialects of Arabic, cross-dialect experiments are conducted to measure how far apart Arabic dialects are acoustically in order to make a better decision about the minimal number of recognition systems needed to cover all dialectal Arabic. Finally, the research addresses an important question: how much training data is needed for building efficient speaker-independent ASR systems? This includes developing some learning curves to find out how large must the training set be to achieve acceptable performance.
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Martínez, Glenn. "Classroom Based Dialect Awareness in Heritage Language Instruction: A Critical Applied Linguistic Approach." Heritage Language Journal 1, no. 1 (October 20, 2003): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.46538/hlj.1.1.3.

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The present paper argues that while the Spanish for Heritage Learners (SHL) profession has given ample attention to sociolinguistic issues such as linguistic standards and language variation in teacher training, it has not yet given sufficient attention to the promotion of dialect awareness among heritage learners themselves. After discussing the role of dialect in heritage language pedagogy, I review some of the ways in which dialect awareness has been fostered in existing SHL textbooks and ancillary materials. I argue that these approaches can be sharpened by attending to the social functions of language variation. I present a critical applied linguistic approach to dialect awareness that focuses on the indexical aspects of language variation in society. I discuss three strands of this approach to dialect awareness: functions of dialects, distributions of dialects, and evaluation of dialects. Finally, I suggest some activities to present these strands in a first year college level Spanish for heritage learners class.
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Fukushima. "Interplay of Phonological, Morphological, and Lexical Variation: Adjectives in Japanese Dialects." Languages 4, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages4020031.

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This paper examines the interplay of phonological, morphological, and lexical variation focusing on adjectives in Japanese dialects. Previous studies of adjectives in the Niigata dialects of the Japanese language analyzed the ongoing changes in dialectal variation amongst the young generation of Japanese. In this paper, the data derived from the geolinguistic survey and dialect dictionaries are used to verify the estimated changes in phonological, morphological, and lexical variation. The variation of adjectives is examined by classifying forms with regard to the distinction between standard/dialectal forms. The phonological types of adjectives played a role in the interpretation of the phonological variation and change. Most changes of phonological types are phonologically explained but include change by analogy. The lexical variation is intertwined with phonological variation and morphological variation. The morphological distributions which vary according to the conjugation form are one example of lexical diffusion.
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Kuznetsova, Elena V. "Semantic variation in the word-building nest: linguo-geographical aspect." Neophilology, no. 22 (2020): 250–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2020-6-22-250-261.

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The research is devoted to dialect meteorological vocabulary of the Volgograd region dialects, presented on the linguistic maps of the electronic atlas. The lexemes included in the word-building nest with the roots -hmur-, -hmar-, -hmor- are studied. The methods of cartography and recartography of language material are used: structural and semantic features of dialectisms, their place in the Russian national language system, structural and semantic variation by comparing the material of several maps of the dialect atlas are analyzed. The analysis of the material is carried out taking into account the linguo-geographical landscape of the Volgograd region, which was reflected in the conclusions of the article: the map material shows the great semantic and word-building activity of the vocabulary in the late resettlement dialects of the region. We have developed a methodology for the comprehensive analysis of dialect material, which allows to realize the diagnostic capabilities of linguistic dialect maps: tracking the ranges of lexemes, word-building nests, word-building models, as well as the semantic volume of dialect lexemes. The methodology can be applied to the study of any other thematic vocabulary of any region.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dialect variation"

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O'Neill, Caitlin G. "Dialect variation in speaking rate." Connect to resource, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/32122.

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Lyle, Samantha. "Dialect variation in stop consonant voicing." Connect to resource, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/32156.

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Ciarlo, Chiara. "Subject clitic variation in a northern Italian dialect." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/452.

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This study investigates the phenomenon of subject clitic (henceforth, SCl) variation in Ligurian, a variety spoken in the north-west of Italy. Through the examination of empirical data, this work shows that variation can be incorporated in the theory of a single grammar. In particular, this study determines which linguistic and extra-linguistic factors influence SCl variation and whether these factors vary among individual speakers, and it applies notions of minimalist theory to account for variable and categorical cases. Three variables in the Ligurian SCl paradigm are examined, where overt variants alternate with a zero form. These are: 3rd singular u, a/Ø, 3rd plural i/e/Ø, and 1st person e/a/Ø. In these variables, the zero form is always affected by adjacent negation and object clitics, by processing factors, and occasionally by following phonological context, though never by age of the speaker. In contrast, factors that influence overt SCl alternation vary: subject-verb agreement in 3rd singular contexts, morpho-phonological factors in 3rd plural contexts, and phonological, syntactic, and extra-linguistic factors in 1st person contexts. Following the general view that SCls in northern Italian dialects express subject agreement features (e.g., Poletto, 2000), I propose that SCl variants are phonological expression of different phi-feature combinations of two categories of Agreement (Number and Person) which include underspecification of features and feature values (Adger, 2006). Overt variants may show underspecification of the number and/or gender features of Number, whereas a null underlying variant always has unvalued number and gender. In variable cases, all variants in the set are formally satisfied and significant factors trigger the choice of the variant. In categorical cases, only one SCl variant in the set has its feature requirements fulfilled. Furthermore, I propose a four-fold interpretation of the zero form, namely, as null underlying variant, as nonpronunced SCl projection due to blocking by syntactic elements, as absence of phi-features, and as phonological deletion of overt variants (inter-speaker variation).
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Lin, Yuhan. "Stylistic Variation and Social Perception in Second Dialect Acquisition." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1532059573668516.

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Ó, Muircheartaigh Peadar. "Gaelic dialects present and past : a study of modern and medieval dialect relationships in the Gaelic languages." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20473.

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This thesis focuses on the historical development of dialectal variation in the Gaelic languages with special reference to Irish. As a point of departure, competing scholarly theories concerning the historical relationships between Goidelic dialects are laid out. Next, these theories are tested using dialectometric methods of linguistic analysis. Dialectometry clearly suggests the Irish of Ulster is the most linguistically distinctive of Irish dialects. This perspective on the modern dialects is utilised in subsequent chapters to clarify our understanding of the history of Gaelic dialectal variation, especially during the Old Irish period (AD 600–900). Theoretical and methodological frameworks that have been used in the study of the historical dialectology of Gaelic are next outlined. It is argued that these frameworks may not be the most appropriate for investigating dialectal variation during the Old Irish period. For the first time, principles from historical sociolinguistics are here applied in investigating the language of the Old Irish period. In particular, the social and institutional structures which supported the stability of Old Irish as a text language during the 8th and 9th centuries are scrutinised from this perspective. The role of the ecclesiastical and political centre of Armagh as the principal and central actor in the relevant network structures is highlighted. Focus then shifts to the processes through which ‘standard’ languages emerge, with special reference to Old Irish. The evidence of a small number of texts upon which modern understandings of Old Irish was based is assessed; it is argued that these texts most likely emerged from monasteries in the northeast of Ireland and the southwest of Scotland. Secondly, the processes through which the standard of the Old Irish period is likely to have come about are investigated. It is concluded that the standard language of the period arose primarily through the agency of monastic schools in the northeast of Ireland, particularly Armagh and Bangor. It is argued that this fact, and the subsequent prominence of Armagh as a stable and supremely prestigious centre of learning throughout the period, offers a sociolinguistically robust explanation for the apparent lack of dialectal variation in the language. Finally, the socio-political situation of the Old Irish period is discussed. Models of new-dialect formation are applied to historical evidence, and combined with later linguistic evidence, in an attempt to enunciate dialectal divisions which may have existed during the period.
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Russ, Robert Brice. "Examining Regional Variation Through Online Geotagged Corpora." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1385420187.

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Hedges, Stephanie Nicole. "A Latent Class Analysis of American English Dialects." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6480.

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Research on the dialects of English spoken within the United States shows variation regarding lexical, morphological, syntactic, and phonological features. Previous research has tended to focus on one linguistic variable at a time with variation. To incorporate multiple variables in the same analysis, this thesis uses a latent class analysis to perform a cluster analysis on results from the Harvard Dialect Survey (2003) in order to investigate what phonetic variables from the Harvard Dialect Survey are most closely associated with each dialect. This thesis also looks at how closely the latent class analysis results correspond to the Atlas of North America (Labov, Ash & Boberg, 2005b) and how well the results correspond to Joshua Katz's heat maps (Business Insider, 2013; Byrne, 2013; Huffington Post, 2013; The Atlantic, 2013). The results from the Harvard Dialect Survey generally parallel the findings of the Linguistic Atlas of North American English, providing support for six basic dialects of American English. The variables with the highest probability of occurring in the North dialect are ‘pajamas: /æ/’, ‘coupon: /ju:/’, ‘Monday, Friday: /e:/’ ‘Florida: /ɔ/’, and ‘caramel: 2 syllables’. For the South dialect, the top variables are ‘handkerchief: /ɪ/’, ‘lawyer: /ɒ/’, ‘pajamas: /ɑ/’, and ‘poem’ as 2 syllables. The top variables in the West dialect include ‘pajamas: /ɑ/’, ‘Florida: /ɔ/’, ‘Monday, Friday: /e:/’, ‘handkerchief: /ɪ/’, and ‘lawyer: /ɔj/’. For the New England dialect, they are ‘Monday, Friday: /e:/’, ‘route: /ru:t/’, ‘caramel: 3 syllables’, ‘mayonnaise: /ejɑ/’, and ‘lawyer: /ɔj/’. The top variables for the Midland dialect are ‘pajamas: /æ/’, ‘coupon: /u:/’, ‘Monday, Friday: /e:/’, ‘Florida: /ɔ/’, and ‘lawyer: /ɔj/’ and for New York City and the Mid-Atlantic States, they are ‘handkerchief: /ɪ/’, ‘Monday, Friday: /e:/’, ‘pajamas: /ɑ/’, ‘been: /ɪ/’, ‘route: /ru:t/’, ‘lawyer: /ɔj/’, and ‘coupon: /u:/’. One major discrepancy between the results from the latent class analysis and the linguistic atlas is the region of the low back merger. In the latent class analysis, the North dialect has a low probability of the ‘cot/caught’ low back vowel distinction, whereas the linguistic atlas found this to be a salent variable of the North dialect. In conclusion, these results show that the latent class analysis corresponds with current research, as well as adding additional information with multiple variables.
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Panyaatisin, Kosin. "Dialect maintenance, shift and variation in a Northern Thai Industrial Estate." Thesis, University of Essex, 2018. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/22700/.

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This study investigates linguistic variation in a case of dialect change and maintenance, for a Northern (NT) Thai dialect in a Northern Industrial Estate (NTIE) of Thailand, in Lamphun province. The target area is the Ban Klang Municipal (MBK) community where locals use the NT Thai dialect. However, due to internal immigration over the past 30 years, MBK has undergone a dramatic change in socio-economics and culture, from an agriculturally-based society, swiftly transforming into an urbanised and industrialised one. The national standard Bangkok (BKK) Thai, has influenced and motivated dialect shift among MBK speakers who speak the NT Thai dialect. The quantitative variationist approach can clarify the changing linguistic situation in the MBK area. The dependent linguistic variables include rhotic consonant onset (r) incorporating [r], [ɾ], [l] and [h] as its variants, such as [rɯa:n0], [ɾɯa:n0], [lɯa:n0] and [hɯa:n0], "house". The consonant cluster onset with rhotic (Cr) comprises {Cr}, {Cɾ}, {Cl} and {C∅}, such as [khrap3], [khɾap3], [khlap3] and [khap3], "male polite final particle". Only the (r) onset includes the local variant [h] in NT Thai dialect; only (Cr) includes a deleted variant. The independent variables comprise Labovian style factors, demographic social factors, social network strength (SNS) factors and phonological constraints. The dyadic interviews included 66 respondents. Defined by geographic origin differences, the 57 MBK locals were the focused group, while the 9 BKK speakers were the control group. A friend-to-friend method and judgment sampling were employed. The total length of interviews was around 120 hours. The study revealed the following: 1. In both (r) and (Cr) variables, the study showed that [l] and {C∅} were the most commonly-used forms. Stylistic stratification occurs, with formal styles favouring the standard rhotic variants. 2. Style plays a major role in linguistic variability, followed by social factors and linguistic constraints, respectively. LMC women are the linguistic trailblazers in certain variants. MMC elderly local males are the primary dialect maintainers. The MMC and WC locals used the covert prestige form [h] more often, but with different underlying social meanings. 3. Social network (SN) analysis employed an ego-centric network approach. SN factors were significant in the model but not a strong explanatory predictor. MBK networks were largely ethnically homogeneous. Contact frequency and intimacy scores were highly correlated. This confirms that all attributes forming the SN are highly interrelated and dependent. 4. The corresponding variants of (r) and (Cr) reveal non-parallel linguistic patterns. The relationship between variable (r) and (Cr) exhibited weak associations, with the rhotic variants patterning similarly, while the lateral variants were not aligned. The emergence of laterals in (Cr) might be derived partly from articulatory errors, while [l] patterned in line with {C∅} as the neutral variants in casual styles. 5. The stylistic and social factors played greater roles in linguistic variability than the internal linguistic factors. This might be due to the social structure that has an effect on the linguistic structure, particularly in these Tai-Kadai family and related non-Western languages. The style and social factor elements are an important determinant of linguistic structure.
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Austen, Martha. "The Role of Listener Experience in Perception of Conditioned Dialect Variation." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu159532560325774.

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Pickett, Iain Michael. "Some aspects of dialect variation among nomads in Syria and Lebanon." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423283.

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This thesis looks at a selection of typologically salient features that characterise the dialects of a number of Bedouin tribes in Syria and Lebanon. Most of these dialects have never previously been described. For those that have, the most recent published data usually dates from at least the 1930s, and often much earlier. Thus in its descriptions of previously undescribed dialects, the present thesis helps to fill a number of gaps in the nomadic dialect geography of the Syro-Lebanon region. In respect of those dialects for which data is available, further data is offered, changes that have apparently occurred during the past century are highlighted, and at times, the validity and accuracy of the available published data is challenged. Traditionally much work in north Arabian Arabic dialectology has been driven by the desire to discover or reconstruct older forms of the language, or at least to describe an 'unadulterated' dialect. Often there is a focus on answering questions about earlier speech patterns, based on poetry and traditional narratives. In contrast, the present work concentrates solely on the contemporary, spontaneous everyday speech of the tribes. The data was collected largely in 2003 and 2004 from recordings and observations of natural speech as spoken in the house or tent. Poetic forms and traditional narratives have been deliberately excluded from the study. Data has been collected from younger and older members of the community, and (where possible, given the cultural context) from women as well as men. In addition to descriptions of the dialects, the thesis also addresses some issues of classification, particularly for the seven Lebanese nomadic tribes that are looked at, but also in revisiting some of the classifications offered by previous dialectologists for Syrian nomadic dialects.
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Books on the topic "Dialect variation"

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Black, James R., and Virginia Motapanyane, eds. Microparametric Syntax and Dialect Variation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.139.

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Benincá, Paola, ed. Dialect Variation and the Theory of Grammar. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110869255.

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Second dialect acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Dialect in use: Sociolinguistic variation in Cardiff English. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1988.

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Brick, Mary. The dialect of English spoken in Bandon. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.

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The dialect laboratory: Dialects as a testing ground for theories of language change. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co., 2012.

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An introduction to regional Englishes: Dialect variation in England. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2010.

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Feinstein-Whittaker, Marjorie. Boston rules: Regional dialect modifiction. Owings Mills, MD: Successfully Speaking, 2011.

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Dialect divergence in America. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012.

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William J. Gedney's The Tai dialect of Lungming: Glossary, texts, and translations. [Ann Arbor]: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dialect variation"

1

Macaulay, Ronald K. S. "Dialect." In Variation and Change, 61–72. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hoph.6.05mac.

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Malikouti-Drachman, Angeliki. "Greek dialect variation." In Studies in Language Variation, 157–68. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.5.13mal.

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Poplack, Shana. "Variation theory and language contact." In American Dialect Research, 251. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.68.13pop.

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Branigan, Philip. "Tracingthat-trace variation." In Microparametric Syntax and Dialect Variation, 25. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.139.03bra.

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Guy, Gregory R. "The quantitative analysis of linguistic variation." In American Dialect Research, 223. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.68.11guy.

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Briggs, Charles. "The patterning of variation in performance." In American Dialect Research, 379. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.68.18bri.

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Rose, Sharon. "Featural Morphology and Dialect Variation." In Variation, Change, and Phonological Theory, 231. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.146.11ros.

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Rajko, Ivana Škevin, and Lucija Šimičić. "Chapter 13. Dialect levelling or shift." In Studies in Language Variation, 204–15. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.22.13raj.

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Sandoy, Helge, Ragnhild Lie Anderson, and Maria-Rosa Doublet. "The Bergen dialect splits in two." In Studies in Language Variation, 239–64. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.16.11san.

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Cerruti, Massimo, and Riccardo Regis. "The interplay between dialect and standard." In Studies in Language Variation, 55–68. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.17.05cer.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dialect variation"

1

Dogruoz, A. Seza, and Preslav Nakov. "Predicting Dialect Variation in Immigrant Contexts Using Light Verb Constructions." In Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/d14-1145.

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Acharjee, Purnendu Bikash, Jyotismita Talukdar, Akalpita Das, and P. H. Talukdar. "Dialect variation and associated G2P rules with reference to Bodo language." In 2013 International Conference Oriental COCOSDA held jointly with 2013 Conference on Asian Spoken Language Research and Evaluation (O-COCOSDA/CASLRE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsda.2013.6709870.

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Hung, Pham Ngoc, Trinh Van Loan, and Nguyen Hong Quang. "Corpus and Statistical Analysis of F0 Variation for Vietnamese Dialect Identification." In Computer and Computing Science 2015. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2015.111.40.

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Kaminskai?a, Svetlana. "Interplay of sociolinguistic factors in rhythmic variation in a minority French dialect." In Speech Prosody 2016. ISCA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2016-245.

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Turnbull, Rory, and Cynthia G. Clopper. "Effects of semantic predictability and dialect variation on vowel production in clear and plain lab speech." In ICA 2013 Montreal. ASA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4800652.

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Leemann, Adrian, Stephan Schmid, Dieter Studer-Joho, and Marie-José Kolly. "Regional Variation of /r/ in Swiss German Dialects." In Interspeech 2018. ISCA: ISCA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2018-1065.

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Donoso, Gonzalo, and David Sanchez. "Dialectometric analysis of language variation in Twitter." In Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on NLP for Similar Languages, Varieties and Dialects (VarDial). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w17-1202.

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Dipper, Stefanie, and Sandra Waldenberger. "Investigating Diatopic Variation in a Historical Corpus." In Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on NLP for Similar Languages, Varieties and Dialects (VarDial). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w17-1204.

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Doyle, Gabriel. "Mapping Dialectal Variation by Querying Social Media." In Proceedings of the 14th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/e14-1011.

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Hellmuth, Sam. "Variation in polar interrogative contours within and between Arabic dialects." In 9th International Conference on Speech Prosody 2018. ISCA: ISCA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2018-200.

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