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Journal articles on the topic 'Diallelic'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Weber, James L., Donna David, Jeremy Heil, Ying Fan, Chengfeng Zhao, and Gabor Marth. "Human Diallelic Insertion/Deletion Polymorphisms." American Journal of Human Genetics 71, no. 4 (October 2002): 854–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/342727.

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2

Notohara, Morihiro. "Diallelic multilocus model of neutral genes." Journal of Mathematical Biology 25, no. 1 (April 1987): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00275887.

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3

Hofbauer, Josef, and Linlin Su. "Global stability in diallelic migration–selection models." Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 428, no. 1 (August 2015): 677–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2015.03.034.

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4

Jager, Martine J., Frans H. J. Claas, Joe D'Amaro, Wink M. Baldwin, and Jon J. van Rood. "Two alloantigens on human monocytes: A diallelic system?" Human Immunology 19, no. 3 (July 1987): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-8859(87)90116-9.

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5

Szucs, Joseph M. "Selection and mutation at a diallelic X-linked locus." Journal of Mathematical Biology 29, no. 7 (July 1991): 587–627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00163915.

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6

Medici, Leonardo Oliveira, Salete Aparecida Gaziola, Vanderlei Aparecido Varisi, José Antonio Carmezini de Paula, Renato Rodrigues Ferreira, and Ricardo Antunes Azevedo. "Diallelic analysis for lysine and oil contents in maize grains." Scientia Agricola 66, no. 2 (April 2009): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162009000200009.

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Six S5 lines of maize, with differences for lysine and oil contents in grains, were used to carry out a complete series of diallelic crosses. The resulting 15 hybrids were grown in a field at two nitrogen levels (10 and 130 kg N ha-1). The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were obtained by using the method 4, model I of Griffing for grain yield, and grain lysine and oil contents. Significant (p < 0.001) interaction was observed between GCA and N levels for grain yield, indicating the selection of different lines for each N level. This interaction was not significant for lysine content, but there were significant effects of GCA for this trait at both N levels (p < 0.1). Significant effects were not observed for GCA or SCA for oil content, however a positive correlation was observed between lysine and oil contents in the hybrids, in the lines and even in the control cultivars. The results indicate the effectiveness of selection for lysine content, irrespective of N level, in the studied non-opaque maize lines, and the possibility of achieving both high lysine and oil content in grains.

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7

Schneider, Peter M. "Beyond STRs: The Role of Diallelic Markers in Forensic Genetics." Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy 39, no. 3 (2012): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000339139.

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8

Beutler, Ernest, and Carol West. "New Diallelic Markers in the HLA Region of Chromosome 6." Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases 23, no. 2 (August 1997): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bcmd.1997.0139.

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9

Khan, A. A., M. Iqbal, Z. Ali, and M. Athar. "Diallelic analysis of quantitative traits in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)." Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 144, no. 2 (June 2010): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263500903516175.

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10

Szucs, Joseph M. "Selection at a diallelic autosomal locus in a dioecious population." Journal of Mathematical Biology 29, no. 8 (August 1991): 693–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00160187.

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11

Spencer, Hamish G. "Further Properties of Gavrilets’ One-Locus Two-Allele Model of Maternal Selection." Genetics 164, no. 4 (August 1, 2003): 1689–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/164.4.1689.

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Abstract I derive several properties of the model proposed by Gavrilets for maternal selection at a single diallelic locus. Most notably, (i) stable oscillations of genotype frequencies (i.e., cycling) can occur and (ii) in the special case in which maternal effects and standard viability selection act multiplicatively, maternal selection effectively acts on maternally derived alleles only.

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12

Bukharov, A. R., and A. F. Bukharova. "Heterosis breeding in pepper with use of lines originated by distant crossing." Vegetable crops of Russia, no. 1 (March 30, 2009): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2009-1-22-24.

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Hybrids were originated by diallelic crossing of seven lines created by introgression selection. The features of inheritance of quantity locus traits were studied. The promising hybrids were distinguished from standard ones by a higher yield at early-term harvesting 0.1-0.5 kg. on square meter as well as for total harvesting 1.1 1.9 kg. on square meter.

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13

Rêgo, M. M., P. A. Barroso, E. R. Rêgo, W. S. Santos, K. S. Nascimento, and W. C. Otoni. "DIALLELIC ANALYSIS DURING IN VITRO SEED GERMINATION IN ORNAMENTAL CHILI PEPPER." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1099 (September 2015): 765–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2015.1099.96.

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14

Chaikam, Vijay, Manje Gowda, Leocadio Martinez, Gregório Alvarado Beltrán, Xuecai Zhang, and Boddupalli M. Prasanna. "Diallelic Analysis of Tropical Maize Germplasm Response to Spontaneous Chromosomal Doubling." Plants 9, no. 9 (September 17, 2020): 1224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091224.

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Chromosome doubling is an important step in the production of maize doubled haploid (DH) lines to induce fertility in the male and female reproductive organs of haploid plants. Chromosomal doubling is routinely accomplished by treating haploid seedlings with mitosis-inhibiting chemicals. However, chromosomal doubling involves several labor-intensive steps and toxic chemicals. Spontaneous chromosomal doubling without any chemical treatments occurs at high frequency in haploids from a few maize genotypes. This study focused on elucidating the genetic components of two traits important for using spontaneous doubling in maize-breeding programs, namely, haploid male fertility (HMF) and haploid fertility (HF). In two different sets of diallel crosses, haploids were derived and assessed for HMF and HF in two environments in replicated trials. The results revealed significant genotypic variations for both traits. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining (SCA) were significant for both traits. Significant and positive GCA effects of up to 14% and 9% were found for HMF and HF, respectively. No significant reciprocal effects and genotype-by-environment (G×E) interactions were found for HF in both experiments, but HMF showed significant effects for both in one of the experiments. The GCA effects were more important than the SCA effects for HMF and HF across environments, implying that selection could facilitate their improvement. The high correlations between F1-hybrid performance and mid-parent values, as well as that between F1-hybrid performance and GCA effects, also supports the assumption that these traits are controlled by a few genes. SCA effects also played a role, especially when lines with low spontaneous doubling were used as parents. Overall, spontaneous doubling can be introgressed and improved in elite germplasm with selection, and it has the potential to be employed in DH pipelines.

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15

Szucs, Joseph M. "Selection-mutation at a diallelic autosomal locus in a dioecious population." Journal of Mathematical Biology 30, no. 1 (October 1991): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00168003.

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16

Gray, Liliana N., Norma G. Collavino, Graciela E. Simón, and Jorge A. Mariotti. "Diallelic analysis of genetic effects determining days to flowering in kenaf." Industrial Crops and Products 23, no. 2 (March 2006): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2005.06.001.

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17

Kashi, Y., E. Hallerman, and M. Soller. "Marker-assisted selection of candidate bulls for progeny testing programmes." Animal Science 51, no. 1 (August 1990): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100005158.

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ABSTRACTA theoretical analysis of the potential benefits of marker-assisted selection (MAS) of candidate bulls prior to entry into a young sire progeny testing programme was carried out. It is assumed that quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting milk production have been mapped with respect to known genetic markers, and MAS is based on evaluation of elite sires in order to identify marker alleles in coupling to favourable or unfavourable QTL alleles. Candidate bulls, descendants of the elite sire will then be selected, prior to conventional progeny testing, on the basis of the marker alleles derived from the elite-sire ancestor.The analysis considers recombination between marker and QTL, the difficulty of tracing specific marker alleles from sire to progeny, and the expectation that MAS, in practice, will be implemented in the grandsons, rather than in the sons of elite sires. It is shown that MAS of candidate bulls, based on the use of a single diallelic marker in linkage to a QTL will have only a negligible effect on the rate of genetic progress. Increases of 15 to 20% in the rate of genetic gain, however, can be obtained by the use of single polyallelic markers, and increases of 20 to 30% can be obtained by utilizing haplotypes of diallelic or polyallelic markers.

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18

Gimelfarb, A. "ADDITIVE VARIATION MAINTAINED UNDER STABILIZING SELECTION: A TWO-LOCUS MODEL OF PLEIOTROPY FOR TWO QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS." Genetics 112, no. 3 (March 1, 1986): 717–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/112.3.717.

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ABSTRACT A model with two diallelic loci controlling two additive quantitative characters is suggested. One of the loci has a similar effect on both characters, whereas the second locus has an antagonistic effect on the two characters. Both characters experience direct stabilizing selection. The model yields a stable polymorphic state, with both characters maintaining genetic variation. The genetic correlation between the characters at the equilibrium is zero, in spite of the pleiotropic effects of the loci controlling them.

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19

Novak, Sebastian. "The number of equilibria in the diallelic Levene model with multiple demes." Theoretical Population Biology 79, no. 3 (May 2011): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2010.12.002.

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20

TOGASHI, Kenji, Tsutomu YOSHIZAWA, Keijiro NIRASAWA, Tadayoshi MITSUHASHI, Naoyuki YAMAMOTO, and Osamu SASAKI. "QTL Detection with Single Diallelic Markers in a Paternal Half-sib Family." Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho 69, no. 10 (1998): 903–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2508/chikusan.69.903.

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21

Cressman, R., and A. T. Dash. "Evolutionarily stable strategies with two types of player I. Two-species haploid or randomly mating diploid." Journal of Applied Probability 22, no. 1 (March 1985): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3213743.

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The evolution of strategies in animal contests is examined where the dynamical equation takes into account population growth rates. This leads to a different definition of evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) from the usual one. Consequences for independent haploid species are then contrasted with the previous theory. Inheritance patterns for male–female contests with sex-dependent payoffs are considered. In particular, if males and females evolve independently to the same ESS, then so does the diploid species under random mating. Finally, the evolution of diploid populations where strategies are determined at a diallelic locus is investigated.

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22

Spencer, H. G., and R. W. Marks. "The maintenance of single-locus polymorphism. I. Numerical studies of a viability selection model." Genetics 120, no. 2 (October 1, 1988): 605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/120.2.605.

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Abstract The ability of viability selection to maintain single-locus polymorphism is investigated with two models in which the population is bombarded with a series of mutations with random fitnesses. In the first model, the population is allowed to reach equilibrium before mutation resumes; in the second the iterations and mutation occur simultaneously. Monte Carlo simulations of these models show that viability selection is easily able to maintain stable 6- or 7-allele polymorphisms and that monomorphisms and diallelic polymorphisms are uncommon. The question of how monomorphisms arise is also discussed.

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23

Cressman, R., and A. T. Dash. "Evolutionarily stable strategies with two types of player I. Two-species haploid or randomly mating diploid." Journal of Applied Probability 22, no. 01 (March 1985): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200028965.

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The evolution of strategies in animal contests is examined where the dynamical equation takes into account population growth rates. This leads to a different definition of evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) from the usual one. Consequences for independent haploid species are then contrasted with the previous theory. Inheritance patterns for male–female contests with sex-dependent payoffs are considered. In particular, if males and females evolve independently to the same ESS, then so does the diploid species under random mating. Finally, the evolution of diploid populations where strategies are determined at a diallelic locus is investigated.

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24

Gimelfarb, A. "Pleiotropy and multilocus polymorphisms." Genetics 130, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/130.1.223.

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Abstract It is demonstrated that systems of two pleiotropically related characters controlled by additive diallelic loci can maintain under Gaussian stabilizing selection a stable polymorphism in more than two loci. It is also shown that such systems may have multiple stable polymorphic equilibria. Stabilizing selection generates negative linkage disequilibrium, as a result of which the equilibrium phenotypic variances are quite low, even though the level of allelic polymorphisms can be very high. Consequently, large amounts of additive genetic variation can be hidden in populations at equilibrium under stabilizing selection on pleiotropically related characters.

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25

O. B, Bello, Afolabi M. S, Ige S. A, Abdulmaliq S. Y, Azeez M. A, and Mahmud J. "Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Grain Yield in a Diallelic Cross of Maize Populations." International Journal of Plant Research 2, no. 3 (May 9, 2012): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5923/j.plant.20120203.08.

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26

Zhang, H. M., S. K. DeNise, and R. L. Ax. "Rapid communication: diallelic single-stranded conformational polymorphism detected in the bovine prolactin gene1." Journal of Animal Science 72, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/1994.721256x.

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27

Vasconcelos, Walmir S., Roseane C. dos Santos, Ubieli A. A. Vasconcelos, José J. V. Cavalcanti, and Francisco J. C. Farias. "Estimates of genetic parameters in diallelic populations of cotton subjected to water stress." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 24, no. 8 (August 2020): 541–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n8p541-546.

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ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of cotton genotypes subjected to water stress, based on fiber quality traits. Irrigated cotton plants were grown in the dry season in the Northeast region of Brazil and subjected to 23 days without irrigation at the beginning of the flowering stage. GCA and SCA analyses were based on the partial diallel model. Significant differences were found for GCA for all traits, with predominance of additive effects. The crossing between the genotypes FM-966 and CNPA-5M was the most promising hybrid combination, showing great potential for improvements in fiber quality in environments subjected to water stress, such as the Semiarid region of the Northeast of Brazil.

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28

Souplet, Philippe, and Michael Winkler. "Classification of large-time behaviors in a reaction–diffusion system modeling diallelic selection." Mathematical Biosciences 239, no. 2 (October 2012): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2012.05.005.

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29

Wieles, B., J. Pool, M. Wilke, M. Weber, H. J. Kolb, R. E. Bontrop, and E. Goulmy. "The diallelic locus encoding the minor histocompatibility antigen HA-1 is evolutionarily conserved." Tissue Antigens 68, no. 1 (July 2006): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00603.x.

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30

Crestani, Maraisa, Solange Ferreira da Silveira Silveira, Elisane Weber Tessmann, Itamara Mezzalira, Henrique de Souza Luche, José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva, Luiz Carlos Gutkoski, Fernando Irajá Félix de Carvalho, and Antonio Costa de Oliveira. "Combining ability for grain chemistry quality traits in a white oat diallelic cross." Euphytica 185, no. 1 (February 26, 2012): 139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10681-012-0641-0.

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31

Goddard, Katrina A. B., and Ellen M. Wijsman. "Characteristics of genetic markers and maps for cost-effective genome screens using diallelic markers." Genetic Epidemiology 22, no. 3 (March 2002): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gepi.0177.

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32

Bhangale, Tushar R., Mark J. Rieder, Robert J. Livingston, and Deborah A. Nickerson. "Comprehensive identification and characterization of diallelic insertion–deletion polymorphisms in 330 human candidate genes." Human Molecular Genetics 14, no. 1 (November 3, 2004): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddi006.

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33

Beaver, James, and Amy Iezzoni. "ALLOZYME INHERITANCE AND DIVERSITY IN SOUR CHERRY." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1081a—1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1081a.

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Starch gel electrophoresis was employed to study inheritance and diversity of allozyme loci in a sour cherry (2n=4×=32) germplasm collection. Segregation data was collected for alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), leucine amino peptidase (LAP), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), peroxidase (PX) (cathodal activity), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase (6-PGD), and shikimate dehydrogenase (s k d h).Data suggest that alleles can be assigned to many of the enzyme systems being studied: ADH, GPI, IDH, LAP, PGM, and 6-PGD. Most loci are diallelic and often exhibit the unbalanced heterozygous condition. MDH, PX, and 6-PGD are highly polymorphic. Progeny segregation data fit disomic inheritance models, indicating that sour cherry is an allotetraploid.

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34

Passekov, V. P. "Quasi Linkage Equilibrium under Weak Two-Locus Viability Selection: I. Haploid Population with Diallelic Loci." Russian Journal of Genetics 55, no. 4 (April 2019): 504–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1022795419040112.

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35

Kirkpatrick, B. W. "Diallelic single-strand conformation polymorphism in the bovine insulin-like growth factor-1 third intron." Animal Genetics 24, no. 2 (April 24, 2009): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00267.x.

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36

Reichman, Jay R., Bonnie M. Smith, Jason P. Londo, Michael A. Bollman, Carol A. Auer, and Lidia S. Watrud. "Diallelic Nuclear Microsatellites for Diversity and Population Analyses of the Allotetraploid Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)." Crop Science 51, no. 2 (March 2011): 747–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2010.05.0266.

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37

Børsting, Claus, Martin Mikkelsen, and Niels Morling. "Kinship Analysis with Diallelic SNPs Experiences with the SNPforID Multiplex in an ISO17025 Accreditated Laboratory." Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy 39, no. 3 (2012): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000338957.

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38

den Haan, J. M. "The Minor Histocompatibility Antigen HA-1: A Diallelic Gene with a Single Amino Acid Polymorphism." Science 279, no. 5353 (February 13, 1998): 1054–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.279.5353.1054.

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39

Benedictis, G. De, E. Falcone, G. Rose, R. Ruffolo, P. Spadafora, G. Baggio, S. Bertolini, et al. "DNA multiallelic systems reveal gene/longevity associations not detected by diallelic systems. The APOB locus." Human Genetics 99, no. 3 (February 18, 1997): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050364.

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40

Thomas, M. G., N. Bradman, and H. M. Flinn. "High throughput analysis of 10 microsatellite and 11 diallelic polymorphisms on the human Y-chromosome." Human Genetics 105, no. 6 (December 14, 1999): 577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390051148.

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41

Thomas, M. G., N. Bradman, and H. M. Flinn. "High throughput analysis of 10 microsatellite and 11 diallelic polymorphisms on the human Y-chromosome." Human Genetics 105, no. 6 (November 4, 1999): 577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004399900181.

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42

Feldman, Marcus W., and Uri Liberman. "A SYMMETRIC TWO-LOCUS FERTILITY MODEL." Genetics 109, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 229–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/109.1.229.

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ABSTRACT A model in which selection is mediated by differential fertilities among the genotypes at two diallelic loci is proposed. Fertility depends only on the number of heterozygous loci participating in the mating. Classes analogous to symmetric equilibria in symmetric viability models are determined explicitly and shown to exhibit stability behavior very different from the viability results. Linkage equilibrium is shown to occur in a relatively asymmetric fashion and to overlap in stability with linkage disequilibrium. In many cases single-locus or two-locus polymorphism is shown to be stable simultaneously with chromosome fixation even under very tight linkage. It is suggested that historical effects may be of great significance in the evolution of systems in which fertility is the primary agent of natural selection.

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43

Bello, OB, MS Afolabi, SA Ige, SY Abdulmaliq, MA Azeez, and J. Mahmud. "Yield response of diallelic crossed maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes to varying nitrogen regimes in Nigeria." Journal of Bio-Science 19 (December 19, 2012): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v19i0.13000.

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Context: Development of early maturing maize cultivars that remain productive under low N fertilizer farming system, consistent with the farmers technologies is a prerequisite to improving adoption of new varieties without increasing production cost. Objective: To assess the performance of ten early open pollination maize varieties (OPVs) and their F1 hybrids for grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and also identify productive cultivars under low N fertilizer regimes. Materials and Methods: The trials were set up in a split plot arrangement with three N fertilizer levels (0, 45 and 90 kg N ha-1) as main plot and the genotypes as sub-plot. Each plot within N level was four-row, laid out in a randomized complete block design of four replications. Ten OPVs were crossed in a half diallel to generate 45 F1 hybrids during 2004 and 2005 growing seasons. Planting were carried out on 20th July, 2005 and 2nd July, 2006. Agronomic characters studied were grain yield, maize establishment count, days to 50% tasselling and silking as well as plant and ear heights. Results: The year 2005 growing season was better for all observed characters amongst all the genotypes than the year 2006. Although, expressions of these traits in the hybrids were relatively higher than the OPVs including the grain yield. The total increase in grain yield observed was 1.72 t ha-1 and 1.95 t ha-1 for OPVs and hybrids respectively on application of 90 kg ha-1 over no N-application. However, NUE was optimum at 45 kg N ha-1 in both groups. Grain yield and NUE correlated positively with growth characters measured except for days to 50% silking. Higher genetic gains were recorded for plant and ear heights. Conclusion: Two drought tolerant varieties (Acr 90 Pool 16-Dt and Tze Comp3 Dt) that combined well with specific cultivars for grain yield and NUE probably have gene pools for low N-tolerance. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v19i0.13000 J. bio-sci. 19 43-52, 2011

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44

Garner, Chad, and Montgomery Slatkin. "On selecting markers for association studies: Patterns of linkage disequilibrium between two and three diallelic loci." Genetic Epidemiology 24, no. 1 (December 30, 2002): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gepi.10217.

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45

Tobe, V. "Single-well genotyping of diallelic sequence variations by a two-color ELISA-based oligonucleotide ligation assay." Nucleic Acids Research 24, no. 19 (October 1, 1996): 3728–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/24.19.3728.

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46

Colonna, Marco, Edward G. Brooks, Michela Falco, Giovan Battista Ferrara, and Jack L. Strominger. "Allospecific natural killer cells are generated by reciprocal stimulation across a diallelic polymorphism of HLA-C." Human Immunology 36, no. 1 (January 1993): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-8859(93)90102-7.

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47

Barreta, D., M. Nardino, V. A. Konflanz, A. J. de Pelegrin, M. Ferrari, V. J. Szareski, I. R. Carvalho, V. Q. de Souza, A. C. de Oliveira, and L. C. da Maia. "Diallelic Analysis of Endogamic Maize Lines with Emphasis on Agronomic Traits of Tassel in Different Environments." Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology 22, no. 2 (June 2019): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12892-018-0267-0.

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48

Asmussen, M. A., and E. Basnayake. "Frequency-dependent selection: the high potential for permanent genetic variation in the diallelic, pairwise interaction model." Genetics 125, no. 1 (May 1, 1990): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/125.1.215.

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Abstract A detailed analytic and numerical study is made of the potential for permanent genetic variation in frequency-dependent models based on pairwise interactions among genotypes at a single diallelic locus. The full equilibrium structure and qualitative gene-frequency dynamics are derived analytically for a symmetric model, in which pairwise fitnesses are chiefly determined by the genetic similarity of the individuals involved. This is supplemented by an extensive numerical investigation of the general model, the symmetric model, and nine other special cases. Together the results show that there is a high potential for permanent genetic diversity in the pairwise interaction model, and provide insight into the extent to which various forms of genotypic interactions enhance or reduce this potential. Technically, although two stable polymorphic equilibria are possible, the increased likelihood of maintaining both alleles, and the poor performance of protected polymorphism conditions as a measure of this likelihood, are primarily due to a greater variety and frequency of equilibrium patterns with one stable polymorphic equilibrium, in conjunction with a disproportionately large domain of attraction for stable internal equilibria.

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Zhang, Dong-Xiu, and Donald L. Nuss. "Engineering super mycovirus donor strains of chestnut blight fungus by systematic disruption of multilocusvicgenes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 8 (February 8, 2016): 2062–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1522219113.

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Transmission of mycoviruses that attenuate virulence (hypovirulence) of pathogenic fungi is restricted by allorecognition systems operating in their fungal hosts. We report the use of systematic molecular gene disruption and classical genetics for engineering fungal hosts with superior virus transmission capabilities. Four of five diallelic virus-restricting allorecognition [vegetative incompatibility (vic)] loci were disrupted in the chestnut blight fungusCryphonectria parasiticausing an adapted Cre-loxPrecombination system that allowed excision and recycling of selectable marker genes (SMGs). SMG-free, quadruplevicmutant strains representing both allelic backgrounds of the remainingviclocus were then produced through mating. In combination, these super donor strains were able to transmit hypoviruses to strains that were heteroallelic at one or all of the virus-restrictingvicloci. These results demonstrate the feasibility of modulating allorecognition to engineer pathogenic fungi for more efficient transmission of virulence-attenuating mycoviruses and enhanced biological control potential.

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Pupilli, F., M. E. Caceres, S. Arcioni, and C. L. Quarin. "Segregation analysis of RFLP markers reveals a tetrasomic inheritance in apomictic Paspalum simplex." Genome 40, no. 6 (December 1, 1997): 822–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-806.

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Apomictic tetraploid Paspalum simplex was crossed with colchicine-doubled diploid sexual plants belonging to the same species. Homologous genomic probes were selected from a partial PstI genomic library for their capacity to detect alleles specific to the apomictic parent, and their segregation was analyzed in the F1 progeny. High levels of polymorphism between apomictic and sexual genotypes were recorded. The heterozygosity was high in both tetraploid and diploid genotypes but the differences between them were not as great as expected. In the sexual parent, some markers segregated as either a monoallelic duplex or a diallelic duplex, while several allelic configurations were observed in the apomictic parent. The segregation of double-dose monoallelic fragments demonstrated the tetrasomic inheritance of apomictic P. simplex. The correlations between apomixis, ploidy level, and tetrasomic inheritance are discussed.Key words: apomixis, tetrasomic inheritance, Paspalum simplex, molecular markers.

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