Academic literature on the topic 'Diamond mines and mining – Namibia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Diamond mines and mining – Namibia"
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Moller, J. P., and D. H. Swart. "EXTREME EROSION EVENT ON AN ARTIFICIAL BEACH." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 21 (January 29, 1988): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v21.139.
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At Oranjemund just north of the mouth of the Orange on the South-West African/ Namibian coastline the Consolidated Diamond Mines (Pty) Limited (CDM) is mining for diamonds in the inshore area. They use an artificially-built seawall of sand to keep the sea out of the paddocks which are being stripped and mined at bedrock level, which is well below sea level. The seawall runs parallel to the original shoreline at a distance of up to 350 m offshore. The beach profile is correspondingly very steep and under most conditions offshore sediment losses occur, which are compensated for by artificial nourishment. During February 1987 offshore losses of about 120 m per running metre of seawall were recorded from above the waterline. In this paper a data set is presented to serve as a basis for the calibration of on-offshore sediment models and some simulations are reported on.
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Werkman, Julia. "Diamond Mining in Denendeh: Colonial Natural Resource Extraction and Indigenous Peoples in Canada’s Northwest Territories." Political Science Undergraduate Review 3, no. 1 (February 15, 2018): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/psur47.
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Diamond mining is a rapidly developing industry, with an immensely large presence in Canada's Northwest Territories (NWT) with two currently functioning mines. Since the opening of the first mine in NWT in 1998, the Canadian federal government has viewed diamond production as 'essential' to both the territorial and national economies, frequently highlighting the benefits of diamond production. Entrenched in colonial language, the very existence of diamond mines in operation within NWT violate teachings, values, and the time honoured reciprocal relationships with the land held by Indigenous peoples across the territory. In problematizing this relationship, this paper employs the theories of Glen Coulthard's work For the Land: The Dene Nation's Struggle for Self- Determination, and examines the ways in which the operation of diamond mines exist as strongholds of settler-colonialism while simultaneously seeking to 'modernise' Canada's North. This is achieved through an exploration of Indigenous land relationships, the false beneficiary nature of diamond mine corporations, and finally the homeland vs. colonial frontier dichotomy.
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Rogers, J., and X. C. Li. "Environmental impact of diamond mining on continental shelf sediments off southern Namibia." Quaternary International 92, no. 1 (May 2002): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1040-6182(01)00118-5.
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Newbury, Colin. "Technology, Capital, and Consolidation: The Performance of De Beers Mining Company Limited, 1880–1889." Business History Review 61, no. 1 (1987): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3115773.
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In this article, Dr. Newbury focuses on the technical and financial reasons for amalgamation at the Kimberley mines in South Africa, drawing on primary records to account for the rise of De Beers as the world's major diamond mining company in the 1880s. He finds that prior experience in local government and on the mining boards prepared company directors for competition in joint stock enterprise, while differences in production policies and performance influenced the pattern of mergers within and among the four Kimberley mines. De Beers's close relationship with diamond merchants and private banks in London, particularly N. M. Rothschild & Sons, was central to its position as a prime mover toward consolidation. Dr. Newbury views De Beers as a firm that relied for its success less on its renowned chairman, Cecil J. Rhodes, than on a combined managerial expertise that reflected the interests of both mining producers and merchant buyers.
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Simmons, RE. "Declining coastal avifauna at a diamond-mining site in Namibia: comparisons and causes." Ostrich 76, no. 3-4 (October 2005): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/00306520509485481.
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Calvão, Filipe. "The Company Oracle: Corporate Security and Diviner-Detectives in Angola's Diamond Mines." Comparative Studies in Society and History 59, no. 3 (June 7, 2017): 574–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417517000172.
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AbstractIn 1957, the security force of Angola's colonial diamond mining company recruited African diviners to help them solve a case of diamond theft in Lunda. This event reveals a peculiar convergence of divinatory practices with techniques of corporate surveillance in Lunda's political economy of security. In their overlapping features of secrecy and control, divination and corporate security can be understood as historically aligned evidentiary practices, or what I call “corporate divination.” By examining divinatory rituals in tandem with the “occult” apparatus of corporate surveillance, and the figure of a colonial sorcerer-detective renowned for his “divinatory” prowess, I ask how such seemingly opposed modes of knowledge production eroded or shored up colonial rule. The cultural significance of divination within the context of a mining company, I suggest, exposes the conditions under which a colonial corporation appropriates the social world in which it intervenes, and conversely, the cultural resources that potentially shape or undermine corporate life in a colonial context.
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Kumar, Kamlesh, and S. K. Sharma. "Recovery of Magnesium Oxide from Kimberlite Tailing of Panna Diamond Mines." Advanced Materials Research 1101 (April 2015): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1101.173.
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Caustic Magnesia is also known as reactive magnesia. In the present study, process has been developed for recovery of caustic magnesia from kimberlite waste of Panna Mine. Panna Diamond Mining Project is the only mine in the country producing diamond. This is an open cast mine producing about 84000 carats diamonds per annum. About 100 tones of kimberlite have to be processed to get 10 carats (2 grams) of diamonds. Thus, about 0.9 million tons of kimberlite waste is being generated annually. Around 6-7 million tons of kimberlite waste is already available at Panna Mines, accumulated over the years waste during mining. Therefore, there is a need to look for development of bulk usage from the kimberlite. Technological option for Eco- friendly & Economically Efficient has to develop. In view of their wide application, and bulk usage, the caustic magnesia was identified to be developed from Kimberlite. Recovery of caustic magnesia from kimberlite tailing of Panna Diamond Mine is a novel chemical process, to prepare caustic magnesia from waste material. The process comprises i) Leaching, ii) filtration of leach liquor, iii) Precipitation of filtrate to get R2O3 and filtrate, iv) Precipitation of magnesium hydroxide, v) Washing and drying of magnesium hydroxide precipitate to remove sodium ions and surface moisture, vi) Calcinations of dried Magnesium hydroxide to get caustic magnesia which can be used in pharmaceutical industries, as animal feed, Mg metal etc.
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Schneider, Gabi I. C. "Marine diamond mining in the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem: The case of Namibia." Environmental Development 36 (December 2020): 100579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2020.100579.
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D'Angelo, Lorenzo. "‘Diamond mining is a chain'. Luck, blessing, and gambling in Sierra Leone's artisanal mines." Critical African Studies 7, no. 3 (September 2015): 243–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21681392.2015.1077467.
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Mabey, Prince T., Wei Li, Abu J. Sundufu, and Akhtar H. Lashari. "Environmental Impacts: Local Perspectives of Selected Mining Edge Communities in Sierra Leone." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 8, 2020): 5525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145525.
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Despite its contributions to the development of the country, the mining sector in Sierra Leone, has been attributed to a multitude of impacts on the environment. This article focuses on assessing the environmental impacts of mining in mining edge communities in Sierra Leone. A survey of 360 people from three mining edge communities (Sierra Rutile Limited (SRL), Bonthe district; Octea Mining Company (OMC), Kono district and Sierra Leone Mining Company (SLM), Port Loko district) was conducted. Key informant interviews, focus groups, and secondary data sources - Government policies and regulatory documents, government’s Mines Department annual reports-provided data for this article. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System with a mean separation done at α = 0.05 (SAS version 9.4). As a result of mining operations, the rates of deforestation, land degradation and destruction of farmlands, inadequate availability of clean water, poor air quality and noise pollution were the main impacts exacerbated by rutile, iron ore and diamond mining. Strategies as recommended by the local communities to be put in place, to restore ecological function in the mining edge communities include, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Mines and Mineral Agency, and other responsible authorities addressing weakness in mining and environmental policies, thereby strengthening enforcement and monitoring regulations relating to mining operations; and companies embarking on rehabilitation, reclamation, and restoration measures to ensure environmental sustainability.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diamond mines and mining – Namibia"
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Rau, Grant. "A geological evaluation of marine diamond placer deposits on the central Namibian inner shelf : a case study of the Hottentot Bay area." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007554.
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This study focusses on the marine diamond placers within Exclusive Prospecting Licence 1950 and Mining Licence 103a, located northwest of the north-facing Hottentot Bay which is 60 km north of Lüderitz, along the central Namibian coastline. The thesis follows the natural geological evolution of the marine placer deposit from primary source, through alluvial and/or glacial transportation, concentration along the coastline by wave, aeolian and alluvial/sheet-wash processes and finally marine diamond placer preservation. All of these processes are reviewed as they are important in understanding of the evolution marine placer deposits. The poly-cyclic role of coastal aeolian, alluvial, and marine processes, in marine placer enrichment is shown to be particularly important in considered target identification and prioritisation. A detailed bathymetric, sonographic and seismic interpretation, is an integral part of diamond placer exploration, and was used to examine and describe surficial and sub-bottom characteristics within the study area. Marine placers are formed along palaeo-strandlines during periods of marine transgression and regression and are therefore fundamental in marine placer exploration. A detailed bathymetry map, compiled for this study, of the area between Lüderitz Bay and Clara Hill, provides the foundation for a detailed terrace level investigation. Regionally, twelve well-developed stillstand levels are identified, nine of which fall into the study area. These interpretations are compared with global eustatic as well as terrace and resource/reserve levels in the Lüderitz area and are found to correlate well. Sediment dynamic studies involve the use of accredited application software for wave refraction modelling, to determine the wave angle and orbital wave velocity at the seabed. Bedload velocities, required to move diamonds of specific sizes, can be empirically determined and therefore areas of diamond entrainment and deposition can be modelled and target features delineated and prioritised. These detailed interpretations provide a sound platform for evaluating diamond placer process models in the study area. By integrating both previously published and newly formulated ideas, a revised, holistic model for the formation of marine diamond placer deposits in central Namibian is postulated. The proposed model is tested by comparing it to the lateral distribution of presently defined resource/reserve areas in the Lüderitz area and shows a close correlation with most of these enriched deposits. Based on this model, a matrix for the delineation and prioritisation of marine placer deposits is developed and the best target features within the study area are identified.KMBT_363
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De, Almeida Louise. "The effect of sewage effluent from De Beers marine diamond mining operations on the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP1A) and vitellogenin (vtg)." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009440.
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Sewage effluents disposed into the marine environment from De Beers Marine Namibia diamond mining vessels have the potential to cause endocrine disruptive effects in marine organisms. Endocrine disruption refers to the alteration of the normal functioning of the endocrine system and various chemicals have the ability to mimic hormones, effecting endogenous hormone synthesis, transport, receptor interaction and intracellular signaling. The potential endocrine disruptive effects, caused by the release of different types of sewage effluents into the ocean, on fish species is a concern due to the commercial importance of fish species found in the mining area e.g. hake, sole, horse mackerel. Increased awareness of marine environmental degradation due to the presence of chemical contaminants has resulted in research being done on early warning systems, in the form of biomarkers. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase 1A (CYP1A) and vitellogenin (vtg) are important proteins found in fish liver and blood, that have been used as biomarkers for the detection of pollutants in fish. CYP1A is a subfamily of the P450 superfamily of enzymes and catalyzes the oxidation, hydrolysis and reduction of exogenous and endogenous compounds (phase I reactions) and thus has the capacity to regulate the metabolism of several organic contaminants. CYP1A expression is altered by exposure to planar xenobiotic compounds e.g. polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Vtg is an important precursor for egg yolk proteins and plays a role in the growth and development of an oocyte. Expression of this protein is altered upon exposure to estrogenic compounds. The aim of this project was to isolate CYP1A from fish liver by differential centrifugation and optimize conditions for the CYP1A-mediated ethoxyresorufin-Odeethylase (EROD) assay and western blot analysis (to assess CYP1A expression). Another aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effects of biologically disruptive chemicals from sewage effluents, discharged into the marine environment, on the expression of CYP1A in two species of hake, Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus (Cape hake). CYP1A in Cape hake is approximately a 60 kDa protein and the highest EROD activity was detected in the microsomal fraction after differential centrifugation. Optimal EROD assay conditions were observed at pH 7.5, a temperature of 25 °C, 10 μl of sample and a reaction time of 30 seconds. Enzyme stability assays indicated a drastic decrease in enzyme activity after 30 seconds. The EROD assay was not NADPH dependent but was limited by NADPH supply, with an increase of 300% in EROD activity being observed with the addition of 0.1 M exogenous NADPH. The addition of dicumarol (40 μM), a phase II enzyme inhibitor, showed a 232% increase in EROD activity. This is because dicumarol inhibited enzymes with the capacity to metabolize the product (resorufin) of the EROD reaction. With regard to western blot analysis, the optimal primary (rabbit antifish CYP1A peptide) and secondary (anti-mouse/rabbit antibody-horseradish peroxidase conjugate (POD)) antibody dilutions were determined to be 1:1000 and 1:5000, respectively. The comparison of CYP1A expression in Cape hake samples from De Beers Marine mining area and reference sites showed higher EROD activity (16.29 ± 0.91 pmol/min) in fish samples from the mining area in comparison to the reference site (10.42 ± 2.65 pmol/min). Western blot analysis was in agreement with the EROD assay results and a higher CYP1A expression was observed in fish from the mining sites. The increased CYP1A expression observed in fish from the mining area is not definitively an indication of a pollutant effect in the environment, as several environmental and biological factors (e.g. photoperiod and age) must also be considered before reaching this conclusion. Another aim of this study was to purify vtg from Cape hake blood samples. Cape hake vtg was purified from fish plasma by selective precipitation with MgCl2 and EDTA. Precipitated sample was subjected to anion exchange chromatography using fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). Vtg eluted as two broad peaks and had a molecular weight above 200 kDa. SDS-PAGE analysis also resolved smaller molecular weight proteins below 70 kDa, which were thought to be vitellogenin cleavage proteins, lipovitellin and phosphovitins. Western blot analysis was performed; however, it did not produce any conclusive results. The purification of vtg enables further studies in characterizing this protein and developing assay aimed at detecting estrogenic pollutants in the marine environment
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Spaggiari, Renato Igino. "Sedimentology of plio-pleistocene gravel barrier deposits in the palaeo-Orange River mouth, Namibia : depositional history and diamond mineralisation." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004636.
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The largest known marine diamond placer, the Namibian mega-placer, lies along the Atlantic coast of south-western Africa from the Orange River mouth 1,000 km northwards to the Namibian-Angolan border. The most economically viable portion of the Namibian mega-placer (>75 million carats recovered at >95% gem quality) comprises onshore and offshore marine deposits that are developed within ∼100km of the Orange River outfall. For much of the Cainozoic, this long-lived fluvial system has been the main conduit transporting diamonds from kimberlitic and secondary sources in the cratonic hinterland of southern Africa to the Atlantic shelf that has been neutrally buoyant over this period. Highly energetic marine processes, driven in part, by southerly winds with an attendant northward-directed longshore drift, have generated terminal placers that are preserved both onshore and offshore. This study, through detailed field sedimentological and diamond analyses, investigates the development and mineralisation of gravel barrier deposits within the ancestral Orange River mouth area during a major ∼30 m regional transgression ('30 m Package') in the Late Pliocene. At that time, diamond supply from this fluvial conduit was minimal, yet the corresponding onshore marine deposits to the north of the Orange River mouth were significantly diamond enriched, enabling large-scale alluvial diamond mining to take place for over 75 years. Of the entire coastline of south-western Africa, the most complete accumulation of the '30 m Package' is preserved within the palaeo-Orange River mouth as barrier spit and barrier beach deposits. Arranged vertically and laterally in a 16m thick succession, these are deposits of: (1) intertidal beach, (2) lagoon and washover, (3) tidal inlet and spit recurve and (4) storm-dominated subtidal settings. These were parts of larger barrier features, the bulk of which are preserved as highstand deposits that are diamond-bearing with varying, but generally low grades (<13 stones (diamonds) per hundred tons, spht). Intertidal beach and spit recurve deposits have higher economic grades (12-13 spht) due to the energetic sieving and mobile trapping mechanisms associated with their emplacement. In contrast, the less reworked and more sandy subtidal, tidal inlet and washover deposits have un-economic grades (<2 spht). Despite these low grades, the barrier deposits have the largest average stone (diamond) size (1-2 carats/stone, cts/stn) of the entire Namibian mega-placer, given their proximity to the ancestral Orange River outfall. This study demonstrates that barrier shoreline evolution at the fluvial/marine interface was controlled by: (1) a strong and coarse fluvial sediment supply that sustained shoreline growth on a highly energetic coast, (2) accommodation space facilitating sediment preservation and (3) short-duration, high-frequency sea-level cycles superimposed on the∼30 m regional transgression, promoting hierarchal stacking of progradational deposits. During these sea-level fluctuations, diamonds were 'farmed' from older, shelf sequences in the offshore and driven landward to accumulate in '30 m Package' highstand barrier deposits. In spite of the large supply of diamonds, their retention in these deposits was poor due to an incompetent footwall of ancestral Orange River mouth sediment and the inherent cobble-boulder size of the barrier gravels. Thus the principal process controlling diamond entrapment in these barrier deposits was kinetic sieving in a coarse-grained framework. Consequently, at the marine/fluvial interface and down-drift for ∼5 km, larger diamonds (1-2 cts/stn) were retained in low-grade (<2 spht), coarse-gravel barrier shorelines. Smaller diamonds (mostly < I cts/stn) were rejected into the northward-driven littoral sediments and further size-sorted along ∼95 km of Namibian coast to accumulate in finer, high-grade beach placers (> 100 spht) where bedrock footwall promoted such high concentrations. The gravel-dominated palaeo-Orange River mouth is considered to be the ' heart' of the Namibian mega-placer, controlling sediment and diamond supply to the littoral zone further north. Although coarse gravel is retained at the river mouth, the incompetence of this highly energetic setting to trap diamonds renders it sub-economic. This ineffectiveness at the fluvial/marine interface is thus fundamental in enriching the coastal tract farther down-drift and developing highly economic coastal placers along the Atlantic coast of south-western Africa.KMBT_363
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Maritz, Liezl. "Ecological role of mining ponds in Southern Coastal Mines, Namibia." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32833.
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Targeting marine diamondiferous deposits along the south-western Namibian coastline has involved the construction of seawall berms to advance the coastline and permit mining in previously subtidal areas. Large areas are mined out to bedrock level by the removal of overburden (sand and gravel), and after mining is complete, areas behind the seawalls fill with seawater, creating a series of coastal marine ponds that have the potential to function as saline wetlands corresponding to closed estuaries. The study site lies north of the Orange River mouth, within the Tsau//Khaeb (Sperrgebiet) National Park, to which the public has restricted access due to diamond mining in the area. Consequently, there is a focus on biodiversity conservation and the overall objective of this thesis was to determine the ecological value of the mining ponds by investigating whether they harbour sufficient biodiversity to qualify as a viable alternative ecological habitat, rather than restoring them to their original state as backfilled, revegetated dune areas. The study area, approximately 75 kilometres in length, was divided into north, middle and south sections, according to the age and status of mining activities, and I first assessed whether ponds in these three areas differed in their physical properties (Chapter 1). To determine whether the ponds serve as a useful ecological role worth preserving, I then investigated the diversity and amount of saltmarsh vegetation (Chapter 2), bird species (Chapter 3) and fish (Chapter 4) currently benefiting from these mining ponds. Ponds in the north are older and hypersaline whereas the south and middle ponds are younger and closely approach physical conditions in the sea. Diurnal fluctuations in oxygen concentration took place, but oxygen levels never dropped below 80% and were thus not limiting. After about 15 years, ponds developed salinities in excess of 80‰, which is likely to set limits on their ecological viability. Most ponds supported saltmarshes, but only a single species, Salicornia natalensis, grew around them. Its abundance was greatest around old ponds, but its health decreased with salinity. Wind emerged as a likely means of dispersal among ponds. The ponds supported a rich avifauna, averaging 11028 birds per count for all ponds combined; 36 species were recorded, ten being endemics, and five being listed in Namibia's Red Data Book. Numbers were highest for ponds that were being ‘dewatered' to remove water prior to mining, as this exposed a rich benthic epifaunal source of food. Blacknecked Grebe, Cape Cormorant, Greater and Lesser Flamingos, Kelp Gull and Common Tern were the most abundant birds. Salinity did not limit bird numbers or diversity, so the northern high-salinity ponds may continue to serve as bird habitat for periods of time much greater than the 15 years after which they become hypersaline. In comparison with nine other wetlands in the region, the ponds had great numbers, diversity, densities, and numbers of threatened species than about half of these wetlands, many of which are considered Important Bird Areas (IBAs). In many cases, they also supported more species that had numbers in excess of 1% of the southern African population than these IBAs. Only two species of fish commonly occurred in the ponds, the west coast steenbras Lithognathus auratus and the southern mullet Chelon richardsonii, although small numbers of two other marine species were recorded. The diversity of marine fish was thus low, even by the impoverished standards of west-coast estuaries. Unexpectedly, there were no significant differences between the ichthyofauna of ponds in the north, middle and south, nor was there any relationship between total fish numbers and salinity. Body condition of steenbras was lowest in the hypersaline north ponds, and their stomach contents contained a low diversity of food items there. The presence of recruits and the range of gonadal states suggested that both species bred in the ponds. Steenbras proved to be protandrous, with females dominating larger size classes. Growth rates of both species were faster in the ponds than in the adjacent sea, and mullet achieved substantially greater sizes in ponds. Thus, the ponds do serve as viable ecosystems, albeit with a limited range of saltmarsh and fish species, and support an impressively diverse avifauna. Their long-term viability will, however, become limited by rising salinity as their age increases.
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Sihlahla, Kyllikki Taina Niita Ndangi. "Perceptions on the impact of strikes on productivity at selected mines in the mining sector of Namibia." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2081.
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Thesis (MTech (Human Resource Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.The mining sector has been the backbone of the Namibian economy since Namibia attained its independence. However, the disruptive nature of the numerous strikes that are experienced in the mining sector has prompted this study that explores the perceptions held by different stakeholders on the impact of strikes on the productivity of three selected mines in Namibia. The selected mines are Langer Heinrich mine, Navachab Gold mine and Skorpion Zinc mine. Labour disputes in Namibia’s mining sector have a long history dating back to the colonial era. A myriad of factors that include, amongst others, poor remuneration, unfair labour practices, poor social and housing amenities, perceived discrimination and harsh working conditions are major triggers for mining sector strikes. Strikes are mostly conducted by employees when they fail to amicably resolve a labour dispute with their employers. Employees are normally perceived as the backbone of any organisation. Conflicts, however, are part of human nature and can only be avoided, in most cases, if people are conscious of the consequences of their actions and reactions, hence, the need to explore the perceptions of stakeholders on the impact of strikes on the productivity of the selected mines. Human perceptions are dynamic in nature. Irrespective of this fact, in this research questionnaires were administered to obtain the perceptions of mine management, miners and trade union members on the effects of strikes on the productivity of the three selected mines. A different questionnaire was designed to gather the views of the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (MLSW) officials since in most cases they are involved in conciliating the disputing parties. Generally, strikes have negative impacts not only on the organisation concerned, but also on the Namibian economy at large. The mines selected for this research are situated in the Khomas, Erongo and Karas regions of Namibia. Most mining companies in Namibia are located in Erongo and Karas, whereas Windhoek, which is in the Khomas region, mainly houses some of these mines headquarters. A five-point Likert scale was used to gather data in the survey. Specialised software called Statistical Program for Social Scientists (SPSS) was then used to analyse the data. Although the results indicate that in most cases the striking parties are aware of the adverse effects of strikes on productivity of the mines, they still opt to use strikes as a bargaining weapon. Since conflicts are always bound to arise where two or more parties interact, this study recommends that there should always be a conciliator who tries to amicably resolve disputes by sensitising each party on the consequences of strikes. The study also recommends a model which emphasises the need to thoroughly inform the mineworkers and the mine management on the ripple effects of strikes and on the need to achieve a win-win situation for all the parties that are involved in a conflict. The model emphasises that although the employees and the employers can individually and separately approach the official, which is the MLSW, such official should always provide open feedback to the feuding parties through a tripartite negotiation forum, otherwise any other type of covert feedback may be misinterpreted as bias by one of the feuding parties. The model further explains that at all times direct negotiations between employees and their employers must be kept open, as it is possible that agreements that can reduce strike action may be reached without necessarily engaging a third party.
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Spiegel, Samuel Jason. "Understanding operation Chikorokoza Chapera : the political ecology of 'formalising' Zimbabwe's gold and diamond mining sectors, 2006-2012." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283949.
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Walraven, Felix Caspar. "The geology and alteration-mineralisation of the Gamigab Tin Prospect, Damaraland, Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005568.
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The stratigraphy at the Gamigab Sn prospect consists of two mainly schistose units separated by a thick marble unit which have been assigned to the Orusewa, the Karibib and the Kuiseb Formations respectively. Four phases of folding affected the lithologies with the south-south-west trending F2 folds defining the main structures in the region. The area underwent low grades of metamorphism. Temperatures were in the range 420° to 500°C and pressures less than 2 kbars. The effects of contact metamorphism are seen in the south-east and south-west. Regional metamorphism outlasted the deformation and contact metamorphism started late during deformation. Two Karoo-age intrusions penetrated the metasediments north of the mineralisation. One is an altered porphyry plug and the other is a weathered dolerite plug, the latter containing xenoliths of undeformed Karoo sediments. Cassiterite is hosted within east-west trending quartz veins that cross-cut previously altered schistose country rocks. The alteration types include sericitisation, tourmalinisation, carbonatisation and ferruginisation. Preliminary Rb/Sr dating on muscovite from the alteration zone suggests an age of 509 ± 11 Ma. Breccias of probable hydrothermal origin are spatially associated with the mineralisation. These hydraulic breccias occur in antiformal structures within the marble and developed in response to a sudden pressure release due to a build up of fluids at the contact between the schistose Orusewa and carbonate Karibib Formations.
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Louw, Alet. "The environmental regulation of uranium mines in Namibia : a project life cycle analysis / Louw A." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7600.
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Uranium exploration and mining activities in Namibia have increased rapidly since 2003, which increase not only poses a significant impact on the country’s economy, but also on its unique and pristine natural environment. The nature and extent of the environmental impacts associated with uranium mining requires a sound environmental law and policy framework that regulates uranium activities, impacts and aspects during each phase of the project life cycle of a uranium mine. It also requires of authorities to establish and enhance environmental protection and sustainability during uranium mining operations and to ensure that all environmental impacts that inevitably occur as a result of uranium mining activities are addressed in a holistic and integrated manner during each phase of the project life cycle of a uranium mine. In order to do this the country must develop and maintain an efficient and effective environmental governance regime.
Namibia’s environmental law and policy framework that regulates uranium mining does not cover the entire PLC of uranium mining. It is vital that the current loops in the country’s existing environmental regulatory framework be closed and that an efficient and effective environmental governance regime, as envisaged in this study, be established. This will enable the administering agents to actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people, ecosystems, essential ecological processes and the biodiversity of Namibia, as well as the utilisation of living natural resources on a sustainable basis to the benefit of all Namibians, both present and future, as pledged in the Namibian Constitution.Thesis (LL.M. (Environmental law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Mabhudu, Mark. "A comparative analysis of leadership and management at Jwaneng Diamond Mine /." Link to the Internet, 2008. http://etd.sun.ac.za/jspui/handle/10019/1925.
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Sitoka, Stefanus. "Exploration status for oxide and sulphide zinc ores at Skorpion Zinc Mine, Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018204.
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The thesis is inspired by recent interests in oxide zinc ores caused by new developments in the technology of hydrometallurgy. The improved techniques turned the non-sulphide zinc ores in to attractive exploration targets due to a number of advantages such as low metal recovery costs and favorable environmental aspects such as the obvious absence of sulfur (Large, 2001). Historically extraction of zinc metal from oxide ores was not possible until recently. The metallurgical complexity resulted in a lack of interest and hence some economic oxide zinc ores might have been missed by conventional exploration techniques. The study presents a review of exploration status at Skorpion mine based on different exploration techniques and their application to sulphide and oxide zinc ore exploration. The challenge facing the mineral exploration industry today is the inability to detect mineral deposits under cover. Therefore a key to successful exploration program lies in the selection of the right exploration technique. Important parameters that should be highlighted in the exploration methodology are the geological situation of an area, equipment applicability and effectiveness, survey limitation, equipment mobilization and the safety aspects involved. The aim of this thesis is to provide a general guideline for sulphide and non-sulphide zinc ore exploration on the Skorpion area and other similar geological environments. Geochemical surveys appears to be more complimentary in exploration of non-sulphide zinc exploration. Although geochemical techniques are preferred, it is equally important to choose the right soil horizon. Furthermore, sample media may mean the difference between success and failure in geochemical exploration of non-sulphide zinc mineralization, due to high mobility of zinc in the surficial environment. On cost comparison, surface geochemical surveys programs are more cost effective except for litho-geochemical sampling which are commonly carried out through subsurface drilling. Geophysical techniques have limited application in exploration of non-sulphide zinc mineralization due to a lack of major physical properties (e.g., magnetic and electrical properties) in non-sulphides unlike their sulphide counterparts. However geophysical methods are commendable in delineating massive and disseminated sulphides mainly if they are associated with major Fe minerals (pyrrhotite or magnetite). In addition, geophysical techniques may be effective in mapping of subsurface primary and secondary structures such as basin faults which might have acted as pathways for metal-rich fluids. Terms non-sulphide and oxide zinc mineralization are used interchangeably throughout the thesis. Recommendations on regional and local target generation are presented in the thesis to give some basic guide lines on target generation strategies. The most important conclusion reached in this study is that, success in exploration for non-sulphide or sulphide zinc mineralization might be enhanced through the integrated exploration methodology.
Books on the topic "Diamond mines and mining – Namibia"
1
Treasures of the Diamond Coast: A century of diamond mining in Namibia. Windhoek: Macmillan Education Namibia Publishers, 2009.
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2
Seely, Mary. Ecological aspects of dunes in the central Namib Desert: Field guide. [Namibia: s.n., 1990.
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3
Parent, Traci. Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub., 2009.
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Parent, Traci. Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub., 2009.
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5
Karen, Terhune, ed. Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub., 2009.
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Sekiyu Tennen Gasu, Kinzoku Kōbutsu Shigen Kikō. Uran tōshi kankyō chōsa: Namibia. Kawasaki-shi: Sekiyu Tennen Gasu Kinzoku Kōbutsu Shigen Kikō, 2009.
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Vlassenroot, Koen. Artisanal diamond mining: Perspectives and challenges. Gent: Academia Press [for EGMONT], 2008.
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10
Library, Kimberley Africana, ed. The big five mines of Kimberley. Kimberley (PO Box 627, Kimberley 8300): Published by the Kimberley Africana Library under the auspices of the Kimberley Africana Library Friends, 2002.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Diamond mines and mining – Namibia"
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Fowler, Jonathan A., E. Biscaye, and Shannin H. A. Metatawabin. "Diamond Mining and Sustainability at De Beers’ Canadian Mines." In Proceedings of 10th International Kimberlite Conference, 289–94. New Delhi: Springer India, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1173-0_19.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Diamond mines and mining – Namibia"
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Jakubec, Jaroslav, Daniel Lagace, William Boggis, Lyndon Clark, and Philip Lewis. "Underground mining at Ekati and Diavik diamond mines." In Fourth International Symposium on Block and Sublevel Caving. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1815_03_jakubec.
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Karami, Amir, Sarah Greer, and Richard Beddoes. "Numerical Assessment of Step-Path Failures of Northwest Wall of A154 Pit, Diavik Diamond Mines." In 2007 International Symposium on Rock Slope Stability in Open Pit Mining and Civil Engineering. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/708_17.
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Ellefmo, Steinar Løve, Martin Ludvigsen, and Erik Kristian Thon Frimanslund. "Full Cycle Resource Evaluation of SMS Deposits Along the Arctic Mid Ocean Ridge." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62525.
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Several hydrothermal vent sites have been discovered along the portion of the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge (AMOR) inside the extended Norwegian continental shelf (NCS). Seafloor massive sulfide (SMS) deposits are associated with these hydrothermal vent sites. These deposits contain significant amounts of valuable metals, such as copper, zinc, gold, and silver. Loki’s Castle is one of the most promising sites along the AMOR, with two 20–30 m high and 100 m wide mound-shaped SMS deposits. It is located at a water depth of 2,400 m. A production system concept is proposed for a deep-sea mining operation at Loki’s Castle based on the Nautilus Minerals’ Solwara 1 project. The overall cost structure and design of the Nautilus’ concept is in this study regarded feasible in AMOR in spite of the difference between the operating environment for the two locations. As the only relevant operational experience is De Beers’ shallow-water diamond mining off the coast of South Africa and Namibia, most of the environmental criteria used are taken from offshore drilling. Based on the net operating time, and accounting for scheduled maintenance and waiting-on-weather time, an estimate for annual average production rate and an annual production volume are estimated. Significant downtime is expected in January and July. Significant uncertainties are associated with early phases of projects. Probabilistic cost, grade and price estimates allow dealing quantitatively with uncertainties by giving input variables as probability distributions. Monte Carlo simulations are in this study run for different sets of variables, and the resulting key performance indicators are given as distributions. This paper adapts and presents a methodology normally used to assess technological and economic feasibilities of oil and gas projects. The methodology is adapted to the assessment of deep-sea mining projects and is illustrated through the assessment of the case based on Loki’s Castle ore characteristics and technologies planned for the Solwara 1 project with a cost structure adjusted according to AMOR conditions. Costs for processing, refining, waste disposal and logistics after ore arrival at onshore port is not included. The ore uncertainties are huge and the resources are with the present deposit knowledge speculative. Therefore, this study do not attempt to define any reserves.