Academic literature on the topic 'Dictionary of the Romanian Language (DA'
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Journal articles on the topic "Dictionary of the Romanian Language (DA"
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Ștefănescu, Maria, and Mircea Minică. "Some remarks on the lexicographical entry for ierodiacon." Studia Romanica Posnaniensia 50, no. 4 (2023): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strop.2023.50.4.1.
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In the present study, we aim to provide a critical analysis of the treatment of the word ierodiacon (hierodeacon) in several Romanian dictionaries. Following the investigation of a substantial number of documents, we also intend to show that there was a period in the history of the Romanian language in which a neutralization of the semantic opposition “married deacon (diacon de mir)” / ”monk deacon (diacon călugăr)” took place in some contexts, the term ierodiacon being used for both meanings. This phenomenon was not recorded in the historical dictionary of the Romanian language (relevant for the example under discussion being the old series, DA, coordinated by S. Pușcariu) nor in any other Romanian dictionary that we are aware of. At the end of the study we intend to add some theoretical reflections on the semantic evolution of ierodiacon, also referring to the way in which the entry for this term could be structured in the historical dictionary of the Romanian language.
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Mioara, DRAGOMIR. "PRÉFIXES, ÉLÉMENTS DE COMPOSITION, L'INCIPIT DE CERTAINS MOTS DANS LE DICTIONNAIRE DE LA LANGUE ROUMAINE – AN-CIENNE SÉRIE (DA) (VOLUMES A ET B). PRÉSENTATION, ANALYSE ET MANIÈRE D'OPÉRER DANS LE CORPUS LEXICOGRAPHIQUE ROUMAIN ÉLECTRONIQUE (CLRE)." Limbaj si context / Speech and Context International Journal of Linguistics, Semiotics and Literary Science 26, no. 13 (2023): 15–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7605414.
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<em>This paper presents a situation of lexical fragments from the beginning of some words, as they are registered in the “Dictionary of the Romanian Language” old series (DA) (vol. A and B) and a classification of them into categories, tries to explain why they were analyzed in separate articles or entries in the DA and shows how they were marked in the CLRE interface. It also presents short references, through comparisons, to the situation in the new series of the “Dictionary of the Romanian Language”. Thus, in addition to the “whole” words registered in the “Dictionary of the Romanian Language”, the old series, there are also word segments that, in some situations, participate in word formation, and, in others, signal variants of some words of which they are part. These are prefixes, compositional elements and - as we call them in this paper - word beginnings, each of these categories of word segments being included in the Dictionary with a certain purpose. For the moment, out of the three categories of word segments presented before, only the prefixes were noted in the “Romanian Electronic Lexicographic Corpus” (CLRE) in order to follow exactly the rule that the electronic version must be of anastatic type in addition to the printed one, and in within it, only next to some of the prefixes (where they also appear in the printed book) the category was specified before the presentation in the article.</em>
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Dragomir, Mioara. ""Contribuții lexicale la Dicţionarul limbii române și la Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, redactate sub egida Academiei Române – ms. 3517 BAR: Nicolae Milescu Spătarul, Hronograf den începutul lumii. O samă de învățături (cca 1658–1661) (Litera C, cliric – cuvântător)"." Anuar de lingvistică şi istorie literară 64, no. 2024 (2024): 7–34. https://doi.org/10.59277/alil.2024.01.
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"We are continuing our previous presentation related to the analysis of ms. 3517, Chronograph from the Beginning of the World (f. 1r–f. 592r) and Sundry Teachings (f. 592v–f. 608v). From one point of view or another, these manuscripts are relevant to the Romanian Academy’s dictionaries, namely The Dictionary of the Romanian Language, Old Series (DA) and The Etymological Dictionary of the Romanian Language (DELR). We have dated these translations between 1658 and 1661. In our hypothesis, the aforementioned manuscripts were translated by Nicolae Milescu Spătarul, a learned nobleman from Moldavia. This analysis of words starting with the letter C adds 124 new terms. Some of these words are rare attestations, others are first attestations compared to those presented in the DA, while some of the words we present here have no attestations from the old period in the DA. Furthermore, the present series includes variant meanings not recorded in the DA. Among the words we have presented there are some polysemantic words or entire word families, which, once again, show the lexical richness of the Chronograph from the Beginning of the World and the Sundry Teachings text. Moreover, the two texts contain more or less-known contextual borrowings."
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Dragomir, Mioara. "Rarităţi lexicale în Hronograf den începutul lumii (ms. 3517 cca 1658–1661) – analiză în vederea lucrului la Dicţionarul limbii române şi la Dicţionarul etimologic al limbii române, redactate sub egida Academiei Române (Litera C, capăt–chizăşie)." Anuar de lingvistică şi istorie literară 63, no. 2023 (2023): 7–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.59277/alil.2023.01.
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Our list of lexemes that start with C which we extracted from the Chronicle from the Beginning of the World, manuscript no. 3517, comprises around 300 items in total, more than those with A (130 lexemes) and B (108 lexemes) that we have previously analysed. Due to the large volume of our research, we decided to divide the list into two parts. Thus, in the first part of this paper, we are analysing 104 lexemes. Some of these lexemes have been described in our book on the lexis of the Chronicle (Dragomir 2017), in the chapters on words of different origins, on derivation or in connection with other issues related to the lexis, but with no reference to the lexicographical situation in DA and DELR, as we make here, resuming the information presented in the book. These lexemes were selected from the text of The Chronograph on the same grounds we specified in the analysis of the words that begin with the letters A and B and the first part of the letter C and can be used in the compiling of the two academic dictionaries, especially since the second edition of The Romanian Language Dictionary is in progress. Currently, the letters A and B are being edited at the Department of Lexicography of the “Iorgu Iordan – Alexandru Rosetti” Institute of Linguistics from Bucharest, and the letter C is being edited at the Department of Lexicology and Lexicography of the “Alexandru Philippide” Institute of Romanian Philology from Iași.
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Vrabie, Emil, Leon Levitchi, and Andrei Bantas. "English-Romanian Dictionary." Modern Language Journal 71, no. 2 (1987): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/327250.
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Sala, Marius. "The Dictionary of the Romanian Language." Romance Philology 62, no. 2 (2008): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.rph.3.5.
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Busuioc, Monica. "Îndrumări pentru folosirea dicționarului." Limba română 2023, no. 3-4 (2024): 327–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.59277/lr.2023.3-4.01.
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The article stems from the conclusion that in the first fascicle of the second edition of the Romanian Language Dictionary published in 2021, there is no chapter regarding any Guidelines for using dictionary, as it was the case in the first edition, as well as in other dictionaries published under the aegis of the Romanian Academy. To point out the importance and need of publishing such a chapter, there is a short history about the manner in which the indications and explanations referring to the structure of the dictionary items were worded and designated, as well as about the significance of conventional and special signs used in the four drafts of the Romanian Language Dictionary as well as in other dictionaries published by the Institute of Linguistics of Bucharest. Further on, the article presents in detail what the chapter about Guidelines for using dictionary from the new edition of the Romanian Language Dictionary should include, a chapter that must be published to make up for its absence.
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Crețu, Ioana-Narcisa. "Observation Concerning the Romanian Language and the New Ortho-graphic Dictionary (DOOM)." SAECULUM 55, no. 1 (2023): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/saec-2023-0008.
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Abstract This paper considers the principles of writing the Romanian language in relation with the new orthographic dictionary. Phonetic, morphological, syntactical and etymological aspects led to the establishment of a system of rules in the Romanian writing language that can be easily learned and applied. Last year appeared the third edition of the orthographic dictionary regulating current writing. The Orthographic, Orthoepic and Morphological Dictionary of the Romanian Language (DOOM) adapts the writing of Romanian to current requirements, even if some double variants and also linguistic uncertainties are still present. The frequency of errors in today‘s press shows that publishers and journalists show a lack of professionalism, promoting media products of questionable quality, as well as the lack of trust in such valid tools that can improve correct writing.
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Zsemlyei, Borbála. "Crossing Language Borders – as Shown by the Historical Dictionary of the Hungarian Language in Transylvania." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 9, no. 3 (2017): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausp-2017-0024.
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Abstract Transylvania has always been a space of multiculturalism, which is reflected in the fact that the Hungarian regional standard contains more Romanian and German elements than the central standard. And that is not only peculiar to the present state of the language, but it is a historical phenomenon. During the process of editing the Historical Dictionary of the Hungarian Language in Transylvania, Attila Szabó T. and his co-workers realized that the language material gathered from Transylvanian archives contains a number of Hungarian words of Romanian origin that the literature has no knowledge of. Thus came the idea of a smaller dictionary which would present the Romanian loan words of Hungarian spoken in Transylvania in the period of the 16th–19th centuries. By the mid-1980s, the editorial work was finalized; however, it has never been published – the material is kept at the Department of Hungarian and General Linguistics, Babeş–Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca. In my paper, I will attempt to present the words of Romanian origin listed in the Historical Dictionary of the Hungarian Language in Transylvania, which the general literature of loan words has no knowledge of in the context of crossing borders, in the sense that neighbouring languages always have a huge impact on each other even if they are completely different genetically.
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CHIRICU, IULIANA. "Sincronic vs diacronic în DOOM3 (2021) și DELR2 I (Litera A, 2021)." Studii și cercetări lingvistice 2024, no. 2 (2025): 263–82. https://doi.org/10.59277/scl.2024.2.07.
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SYNCHRONIC VS DIACHRONIC IN DOOM3 (2021) AND DELR2 I (LETTER A, 2021) Abstract This article contains a comparison between the new series of the normative dictionary – DOOM3 – and the etymological dictionary of the Romanian language – DELR2 I, both published with the support of the Romanian Academy. The analysis follows the basic structure of our previous comparison (Chiricu 2018) between the older editions − DOOM2 and DELR I − and presents the various differences concerning the entries in the two works. Our conclusions sustain the idea of a unified lexicological and lexicographical vision in the Romanian linguistics, that finds the balance between the synchronic and the diachronic perspective on language.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dictionary of the Romanian Language (DA"
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Caffaro, Paula da Costa. "Para uma elaboração de um dicionário bilíngue da terminologia gramatical árabe-português." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8159/tde-18092018-164119/.
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Esta tese investiga os termos gramaticais árabes pertencentes às classes do nome, do verbo e da partícula. Com o intuito de propor uma harmonização dos termos árabes em português, buscam-se encontrar termos equivalentes em ambos os idiomas, e, para isso, três possibilidades são levantadas: a) equivalência direta, quando os semas das definições terminológicas dos termos gramaticais árabe e português forem concordantes; b) equivalência aproximada, quando nem todos os semas forem concordantes, nesse caso, investigamos a descrição de uso de mais de um termo gramatical português na tentativa de encontrar um equivalente mais adequado para o termo árabe; c) não-equivalência, quando não for verificado equivalente em português para o termo gramatical árabe, então, propomos um neologismo terminológico ou uma paráfrase. O objetivo desta pesquisa é traçar bases teóricas e metodológicas para uma futura elaboração de um dicionário bilíngue (árabe-português) de termos gramaticais árabes. Apresentamos 15 termos teste, a fim de exemplificar os procedimentos metodológicos de análise delineados, até a redação do verbete final que formaria a macroestrutura do referido dicionário. Dos novos termos analisados, 9 pertencem à categoria do nome e 3 ligados à partícula. Como a classe verbal foi objeto de estudo do mestrado (CAFFARO, 2013), selecionamos apenas 3 termos para ilustrar os objetivos traçados na presente tese e, da mesma forma, redigimos os verbetes finais para os termos selecionados.<br>This thesis investigates the Arabic grammatical terms that belong to the classes of noun, verb and particle. In order to propose a harmonization of these Arabic terms in Portuguese, we have tried to find equivalent terms in both languages and for this, three different possibilities have been generated: a) direct equivalence, which occurs when the terminological definition characteristics of the Arabic and Portuguese grammatical terms were coincidental; b) very nearly equivalence, that happens when not every characteristics were coincidental, in this case, we have investigated the description of use of more than one Portuguese grammatical term as an attempt to find a most appropriate equivalent to the Arabic term; c) non-equivalence, when a Portuguese equivalent has not been verified for the Arabic grammatical term, so we propose a terminological neologism or a paraphrase. The aim of this research is to set up the theoretical and methodological basis for the elaboration of an Arabic grammatical terms bilingual dictionary (Arabic- Portuguese). We have presented 15 test terms, in order to exemplify the outlined methodological procedures, up to the final entry writing, which would be responsible for composing the macrostructure of the mentioned dictionary. Nine of the new analyzed terms belong to the category of noun and three of them are related to the particle. As the verb class has been studied in Master Degree (CAFFARO, 2013), we have selected just three terms to illustrate the objectives presented in this thesis, similarly, we have written the final entry to the selected terms.
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Siveris, Daiane. "LÍNGUA, SUJEITO E HISTÓRIA: IMPLICAÇÕES DA NOÇÃO DE FUNÇÃO-AUTOR NA PRODUÇÃO DICIONARÍSTICA DE CALDAS AULETE." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9862.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>In this paper, the objective is to analyze how the function-author notion works in the prefaces of the Dicionário Contemporâneo da Língua Portuguesa (DCA), by Francisco Júlio Caldas Aulete, published between the years 1881 and 1986. In this research, we considered the dictionary as the object of study and the prefaces of eight editions of the DCA as the corpus of analysis, three Portuguese editions -1881, 1925 and 1948 and five Brazilian editions - 1958, 1964, 1974, 1980 and 1986 - in light of the Discourse Analysis theoretical and methodological principles in consonance with the History of Linguistic Ideas, as they both were conceived in France and as they have been developed in Brazil. The interpretation about the prefaces conducted us to two main points to understand how the function-author works. The first point refers to the linguistic colonization/decolonization in Brazil and the second point relates to the establishment of the dictionaries as memory networks. About the first point, the analysis performed led us to realize that the DCA Portuguese editions lay emphasis on the linguistic unit of the Portuguese language, as it searches for the grammaticalization of a single language, Portuguese language, and the Brazilian editions are determined by diversity; we observed that there is, in some cases, the inclusion of brazilianisms and, in other cases, there is the grammaticalization of a language based on the Brazilian patterns. In this process, the function-author notion in the DCA is highlighted since the elaboration of a dictionary aims also at its constitution, formulation and circulation; the function-author works in these relations, because, in the process of sense constitution, there is the interpellation of the individual into subject, the constitution of its historical form-subject and the effects produced by its subject position in discourse; in the formulation process, there is a relation between the discourse and the text, that upgrades the memory in presence, the subject individuation by its function-author; in the circulation, there is the functioning of the enunciation circumstances and the social subjects that assume the function-author in their routes, in different places, whether in Portugal or in Brazil. Furthermore, the dictionaries establishment into memory networks, where a dictionary refers to others already published, also determines the functioning of the function-author notion, as other and new linguistic tools are being constituted and published, other and new are the subject positions. This is due to the different discourses that circulate in society, the different production conditions of these discourses, as well as the way the subject means himself and his own language.<br>Neste trabalho, temos por objetivo a análise do funcionamento da noção função-autor nos prefácios do Dicionário Contemporâneo da Língua Portuguesa (DCA), de Francisco Júlio Caldas Aulete, publicado entre os anos de 1881 e 1986. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, tomamos como objeto de estudo o dicionário e como corpus de análise os prefácios das oito edições do DCA, três edições portuguesas 1881, 1925 e 1948 e cinco edições brasileiras 1958, 1964, 1974, 1980 e 1986, sob a luz dos princípios teórico-metodológicos da Análise de Discurso em consonância com a História das Ideias Linguísticas, tal como ambas foram concebidas na França e como vêm sendo desenvolvidas no Brasil. O gesto de interpretação sobre os prefácios nos conduziu a dois pontos primordiais para compreender o funcionamento da função-autor. O primeiro ponto refere-se ao processo de colonização/descolonização linguística no Brasil e, o segundo, à constituição dos dicionários em redes de memória. Sobre o primeiro ponto, as análises realizadas nos levaram a compreender que as edições portuguesas do DCA primam pela unidade linguística do português, pois se procura a gramatização de uma só língua, a língua portuguesa, e as edições brasileiras são determinadas pela diversidade; observamos que há, em alguns casos, a inclusão de brasileirismos e, em outros momentos, a gramatização de uma língua pautada nos moldes brasileiros. Nesse processo, ganha destaque a função-autor no DCA, pois, na medida em que se tem a elaboração de um dicionário, visa-se também a sua constituição, formulação e circulação; é nessas relações que entra em funcionamento a função-autor, pois, no processo de constituição dos sentidos, temos a interpelação do indivíduo em sujeito, a constituição de sua forma-sujeito histórica e os efeitos que produz a partir de sua posição-sujeito no discurso; no processo de formulação, temos a relação do discurso com o texto, que atualiza a memória em presença, a individua(liza)ção do sujeito pela sua função-autor; na circulação, temos o funcionamento das circunstâncias de enunciação e os sujeitos sociais que assumem a função-autor em seus percursos, nos diferentes lugares, seja em Portugal, seja no Brasil. Além disso, a constituição dos dicionários em redes de memória, em que um dicionário remete a outros já publicados, também determina o funcionamento da noção de função-autor, pois, na medida em que outros e novos instrumentos linguísticos vão sendo constituídos e publicados, outras e novas são também as posições de sujeito. Isso se deve aos diferentes discursos em circulação na sociedade, às diferentes condições de produção desses discursos, bem como à forma de o sujeito se significar e significar a sua língua.
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Pinheiro, Marilene Barbosa. "Por um dicionÃrio eletrÃnico de pragmatemas do portuguÃs brasileiro: levantamento, descriÃÃo e categorizaÃÃo." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16636.
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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico<br>CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior<br>No universo dos estudos fraseolÃgicos, investigaram-se os pragmatemas do portuguÃs brasileiro. A Ãnfase foi dada Ãs expressÃes que se constituem como atos de fala, ocorrem de modo rotineiro, cumprem funÃÃes pragmÃticas especÃficas e estÃo prontas para ser usadas em determinadas situaÃÃes comunicativas (IRIARTE SANROMÃN, 2001; GLENK, 2007; ALVARADO ORTEGA, 2008; BLANCO, 2010; MONTEIRO-PLANTIN, 2012). O motivo mais forte para empreender a pesquisa foi contribuir com os estudos de aprendizes de portuguÃs como lÃngua estrangeira (PLE) e a esse aliaram-se mais dois: o auxÃlio ao trabalho de tradutores e a carÃncia de manual ou dicionÃrio, impresso ou eletrÃnico, que contemple essas estruturas. Com o objetivo de estabelecer as bases teÃricas para a elaboraÃÃo de um dicionÃrio eletrÃnico (WELKER, 2006; LEFFA, 2006; KRIEGER, 2007; PONTES, 2010 e 2011), foram realizados o levantamento, a categorizaÃÃo e a descriÃÃo dos pragmatemas presentes em obras gerais da Fraseologia brasileira e em interaÃÃes comunicativas de corpora orais disponÃveis na Internet. A ferramenta AntConc 3.4.4w (2014) foi utilizada para auxiliar na busca de candidatos a pragmatemas e os resultados obtidos foram armazenados numa base de dados criada por meio do programa Microsoft Access. A base de dados foi alimentada com 565 expressÃes pragmÃticas, descritas em dez campos: tipologia, funÃÃo social, expressividade, registro, modalidade, pragmatema, sentido, variantes/equivalentes, contexto e exemplos. Foram analisadas as quinze primeiras expressÃes detectadas e, para ter acesso a todas elas, foram criadas duas formas: a primeira, pela expressÃo propriamente dita e a outra, por um nome temÃtico que reflete a expressividade do falante. Assim, concluiu-se pela exequibilidade de um dicionÃrio eletrÃnico dos pragmatemas, utilizando-se, ao mesmo tempo, as tÃcnicas lexicogrÃficas onomasiolÃgicas e semasiolÃgicas, a fim de facilitar a busca para estudantes em contexto de aprendizagem do portuguÃs brasileiro como lÃngua estrangeira e materna, professores e tradutores.<br>In the universe of phraseological studies, we investigated the pragmatemes of the Brazilian Portuguese. Emphasis was given to expressions that considered speech acts which occur routinely, fulfill specific pragmatic functions and are ready to be used in certain communicative situations (IRIARTE SANROMÃN, 2001; GLENK, 2007; ALVARADO ORTEGA, 2008; BLANCO, 2010; MONTEIRO-PLANTIN, 2012). The strongest reason for undertaking the research was to contribute to the studies of Portuguese as a Foreign Language. The other two other objectives of this research were to help translators in their hard work of translation and to try to compensate the lack of printed or electronic dictionaries/manuals which cover these structures. In order to establish the theoretical basis for the development of an electronic dictionary (WELKER, 2006; LEFFA, 2006; KRIEGER, 2007; PONTES, 2010 and 2011) one carried out the survey, categorization and description of pragmatemes present in general works of Brazilian phraseology and communicative interactions of oral corpora available on the Internet. The AntConc 3.4.4w tool (2014) was used to assist in the search for possible pragmatemes and the results were stored in a database created by Microsoft Access(c) program. The database was fed with 565 pragmatic expressions, described in ten fields: type, social function, expressiveness, record mode, pragmateme, direction, variants / equivalent, context and examples. The first nine detected expressions were analyzed and in order to have access to all of them two forms of search were created: first, the expression itself and the other by a theme name that reflects the expression of the speaker. Thus, in conclusion, it is possible to say that an electronic dictionary of pragmatemes is completely feasible if it is used at the same time onomasiological, semasiological and lexicographical techniques, with the aim to facilitate the search method by students in the context of the Brazilian Portuguese learning as a foreign and mother language, teachers and translators.
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Heberle, Melissa. "Expressões idiomáticas de natureza verbal no DHE (Dicionário Eletrônico Houaiss)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/77876.
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Através da presente pesquisa, inserida no âmbito dos estudos lexicais, particularmente com ênfase nos estudos metalexicográficos, verifica-se a qualidade do tratamento dispensado às expressões idiomáticas de natureza verbal em um dicionário geral de língua, o Dicionário Eletrônico Houaiss da Língua Portuguesa, edição 2006. Analisando aspectos ligados aos níveis estruturais de um dicionário (superestrutura, macroestrutura e microestrutura) no que diz respeito ao registro de fraseologias, confirma-se o tratamento ainda insuficiente das fraseologias nesse tipo de dicionário à medida que tais unidades lexicais não constituem entradas lexicais e também não constam de maneira uniforme no interior dos verbetes. Para o reconhecimento das expressões idiomáticas de natureza verbal, ou locuções verbais, adotou-se como referencial teórico os postulados de Gross (1996), que prevê, em especial, critérios de identificação do grau de congelamento lexical. Nesse aspecto, constatou-se que o dicionário analisado registra como ‘locuções’ outros tipos de unidades lexicais complexas.<br>Through the present research, inserted in the scope of lexical studies, with particular emphasis on metalexicographical studies, the quality of the treatment given to the idiomatic expressions of verbal nature in a general language dictionary, the Dicionário Eletrônico Houaiss da Língua Portuguesa, 2006 edition, is verified. Analyzing the structural aspects of a dictionary (superstructure, macrostructure and microstructure) with regard to the record of phraseologies, it is confirmed the still insufficient treatment of phraseologies in this kind of dictionary as such lexical units are not lexical entries and also they are not uniformly inside the articles. For the recognition of the idiomatic expressions of verbal nature, or verbal locutions, it was adopted as a theoretical framework the postulates of Gross (1996), wich foresees, specially, criteria for identifying the degree of lexical freezing. In this aspect, it was found that the analyzed dictionary records as ‘locutions’ other types of complex lexical units.
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La, Marca Anthony Ferreira. "Sistema gerador de apoio a um dicionário temático visual-gestual baseado em realidade virtual /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98653.
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Orientador: José Remo Ferreira Brega<br>Banca: Alexandre Cardoso<br>Banca: Edgard Afonso Lamounier Júnior<br>Resumo: Devido à popularização e a necessidade de se aprender Língua de Sinais, surgem ferramentas que auxiliam neste tipo de comunicação. No Brasil, por exemplo, o governo disponibiliza profissionais de Língua de Sinais para auxiliarem as comunidades, no entanto, se pensar na hipótese de que pessoas vivem em lugares de difícil acesso, há uma dificuldade na locomoção dos profissionais a tais lugares, além de trazer gastos excessivos ao governo. Assim, uma ferramenta que simule tais profissionais, explorando amplamente os recursos tecnológicos (custo-benefício) para enriquecer e disponibilizar a ferramenta para as comunidades, se torna viável a fim de suprir esta lacuna. Com o intuito de resolver esta necessidade, o trabalho desenvolve um sistema gerador de apoio a um dicionário temático com características de Sistemas Avançados de Realidade Virtual, estando direcionado à Língua de Sinais. O sistema propõe o desenvolvimento de uma aplicação capaz de proporcionar a visualização estereoscópica em Língua de Sinais, a partir de representações de modelos 3D, além de permitir a descrição dos modelos em três idiomas, garantindo a usabilidade do sistema. A fim de o sistema suportar melhorias, propiciando a imersão e a interação do usuário, o sistema gerador de apoio a um dicionário temático implementa uma estrutura de multiprojeção baseada em aglomerados gráficos, ficando a cargo de uma biblioteca, a sincronização e a distribuição dos dados entre os nós de renderização. O sistema também oferece recursos de edição de movimentos, sendo estes, posteriormente recuperados pelo sistema gerador de apoio a um dicionário temático para a visualização e representação dos sinais em um Ambiente Virtual. Os recursos utilizados disponibilizam dois dispositivos não convencionais para o rastreamento corporal, os controladores Wiimotes e a Luva P5-Glove... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: Due to the popularity and need to learn sign language, there are tools that help in this type of communication. In Brazil, for example, the government offers professional Sign Language to assist communities, however, if think the hypothesis that people live in places difficult access, there is a difficult in movement of professionals to such places, besides bringing government overspending. Thus, a tool that simulates a professional, fully exploiting the technological resources (cost-benefit) to enrich and provide a tool for communities, it becomes possible order to fill this gap. In order to solve this need, the dissertation develops a generating system a thematic dictionary with features of an advanced Virtual Reality system, being directed to sign language. The system proposes to develop an application capable of providing stereoscopic visualization of sign language, from representation de 3D objects, beyond allows the description of objects in three languages, ensuring the usability of the system. In order to system support improvements, enabling user interaction and immersion, the generating system to support a thematic dictionary implements a multprojection structure based on graphics clusters, getting the responsibility a library, data synchronization and distribution between rendering dictionary nodes. The system also provides resources for editing movements, and these, later, are retrieved by generating system to support a thematic dictionary for the visualization and representation of signals in a Virtual Environment. The resources used, provide two unconventional devices for tracking body, the Wiimote controllers and P5 glove. The work show the incorporation of all these interpretation and editing functionally of movements in Sign Language, in a single development environment from synchronization library and the remote calls, passing the user to existence of a single... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Mestre
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Meyan, Meyan Djeya Ange Océane. "Planning an onomasiological dictionary for Atchan: an endangered language of the Ivory Coast." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/69908.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado em Lexicography<br>The current thesis consists of an onomasiological dictionary project which should contribute to the
preservation of the Atchan language and the culture of the Tchaman people. The project aims at
providing a model for the macro- and microstructure of the dictionary. Other project goals are the
collection of data on the use of the Atchan language (the frequency of use, the domains in which it is
used, the interlocutors), the assessment of the threat level of the Atchan language, the description of
the current language documentation. To achieve these goals, two tools were used: a questionnaire and
UNESCO’s criteria to assess language vitality or endangerment. At the end of the work, it is hoped that
the proposed model, the methodology adopted and the research carried out will contribute to the
compilation of an onomasiological dictionary in the future and the preservation of Atchan and,
consequently, the culture of the Tchaman community.<br>A presente tese consiste em um projeto de dicionário onomasiológico que tem como objetivo contribuir
para a preservação da lingua Atchan e da cultura da comunidade Tchaman. O projeto propõe um
modelo para a macro e microestrutura do dicionário. Além disso, existem outros objetivos,
nomeadamente a coleta de dados sobre o uso da língua Atchan (inclui a frequência de uso, os
domínios em que é utilizada, os interlocutores), a avaliação do nível de ameaça da lingua Atchan e a
descrição da documentação atual do idioma. Para atingir esses objetivos, duas ferramentas foram
usadas: um questionário e os critérios da UNESCO para avaliar a vitalidade duma lingua. No final do
trabalho, espera-se que o desenho proposto, a metodologia adotada e a pesquisa realizada possam
contribuir para a compilação de um dicionário onomasiológico e etnográfico no futuro e a preservação
de Atchan e, consequentemente, da cultura da comunidade Tchaman.
Books on the topic "Dictionary of the Romanian Language (DA"
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Schönkron, Marcel. Romanian-English English-Romanian Dictionary. Hippocrene Books, Inc., 1991.
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Panovf, Irina. Romanian-English, English-Romanian dictionary. Editura S ʹtiint ʹifica s ʹi Enciclopedica, 1985.
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Schönkron, Marcel. Romanian-English, English-Romanian dictionary. Hippocrene Books, 1992.
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Bantaș, Andrei. NTC's Romanian and English dictionary. NTC Publishing Group, 1997.
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Levițchi, Leon. Dicționar român-englez =: Romanian-English dictionary. 7th ed. Editura 100+1 Gramar, 2002.
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Company, Berlitz Publishing. Romanian phrase book and dictionary. Berlitz Pub., 2009.
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Company, Berlitz Publishing, ed. Romanian phrase book and dictionary. Berlitz Pub., 2009.
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Levițchi, Leon. English-Romanian dictionary =: Dicționar englez-român. Editura 100+1 Gramar, 2000.
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Vladimir, Hanga. Dicționar juridic român-englez =: Legal dictionary : Romanian-English. Lumina Lex, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Dictionary of the Romanian Language (DA"
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Bidarra, Jorge, and Tania Aparecida Martins. "Dictionaries of Libras from the Nineteenth to the Twenty-First Century." In The Whole World in a Book. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190913199.003.0016.
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Sign languages, structurally different from oral languages, are based on gestures and involve their own grammars and repertoires of lexical units (signals or signs), and they play an important role in establishing communication among deaf people around the world. This chapter primarily focuses on the development of dictionaries for Libras (an acronym for Língua Brasileira de Sinais, or ‘Brazilian Language of Signs’), the natural language of the Brazilian deaf community. It traces the influence of the first dictionary of the deaf in Brazil, Iconographia dos Signaes dos Surdos-Mudos (‘Iconography of Signs of Deaf-Mutes’), which was published in 1875 by the National Institute of Education of the Deaf (INES) and authored by Flausino José da Gama, a student at the Institute. In their demonstration of the influence and inspiration this dictionary gave to lexicographers who followed da Gama, Bidarra and Martins outline the historical trajectory of sign languages up to the present, considering different and parallel paths for sign languages in different countries, forms of stigmatization of sign language, and barriers to its use. Incorporating this historical and transnational analysis, Bidarra and Martins present both a broad discussion of the various models of sign language dictionaries that have been used around the world and an in-depth analysis of the development of Libras dictionaries in Brazil to the modern day.
Conference papers on the topic "Dictionary of the Romanian Language (DA"
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Ivanic, Ivana, Laura Spariosu, and Rodica Ursulescumilicic. "ONLINE TRANSLATION DICTIONARIES: EXAMPLE OF THE ROMANIAN-SERBIAN AND THE SERBIAN-ROMANIAN ONLINE TRANSLATION DICTIONARY." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-032.
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The aim of this paper is to highlight the use of online dictionaries for translation work. It is the intention of the authors to explore, at the example of the Romanian-Serbian and the Serbian-Romanian online dictionary, to what extent such dictionaries can be helpful, and to point, at a certain corpus of words, the performance and the quality of the translation. Bearing all that in mind, the corpus of 150 words devided into three categories will be tested: "easy" words - that are used in everyday speech (total of 50), " medium-heavy" words, which are not as represented in everyday speech (total of 50) and "hard" words from various areas of professional terminology - economics, law, philology, informatics, medicine, agriculture etc. (total of 50). Each word will be, using the two dictionaries, translated from the Romanian into the Serbian language and vice versa - from the Serbian into the Romanian language, and the attention will be placed on the "recognition" and "identification" of the lexeme i.e. whether a certain word is going to be or not transleted into both languages, whether the translations are identical or not, whether dictionaries "offer" the same number of synonyms and alternatives, and if and when that translation is missing. The research results will be presented statistically, and the success rate for each of the abovementioned items will be calculated. The online dictionaries are very popular. This is good tool, as a supplement, for elearning and thesaurus for learners.
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Motoranu, Emilia Andreea. "Alexandru Ciorănescu ‒ contributions to the etymology of the Romanian language." In Conferință științifică internațională "FILOLOGIA MODERNĂ: REALIZĂRI ŞI PERSPECTIVE ÎN CONTEXT EUROPEAN". “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52505/filomod.2023.17.12.
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The Romanian language has gone through countless trials and vicissitudes, from the first Latin words that came to collide with the speech of the natives of Dacia, until the modern era. After, in the first centuries after Christ, it managed to consolidate itself on an area that stretched from the Black Sea to the Adriatic Sea and from the Balkans to the Wooded Carpathians, becoming a true "lingua franca" of the inhabitants of Europe from East, it had to yield to the newcomers, restricting itself to the hearths where it is spoken today by approximately eighteen million "Daco-Romanians", a few hundred thousand Aromanians, a few thousand Megleno-Romanians and barely a few hundred Istro-Romanians. The interest of the Romanian language in terms of the general study of European languages was imposed early on and is constantly growing. In this sense, the present article aims to present Alexandru Ciorănescu’s approach, to develop and complete an etymological dictionary over five thousand kilometers away from the country, which must be considered a huge effort. The Etymological Dictionary of the Romanian Language is a work and information tool made available to those interested not only in the Romanian language, but also in other languages (Romance, Slavic, etc.) with which it had connections during its history. The edition in Romanian is intended to be a modest tribute to the scholar Alexandru Ciorănescu, a prominent personality of Romanian philology and culture.
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Neagu, Laurentiumarian, Teodormihai Cotet, Mihai Dascalu, Stefan Trausanmatu, Laura Badescu, and Eugen Simion. "SEMANTIC AUTHOR RECOMMENDATIONS BASED ON THEIR BIOGRAPHY FROM THE GENERAL ROMANIAN DICTIONARY OF LITERATURE." In eLSE 2019. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-19-022.
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The Romanian Language Dictionary is a centralized text repository which contains detailed biographies of all Romanian authors and can be used to perform various subsequent analyses. The aim of this paper is to introduce a novel method to recommend authors based on their biography from the Romanian Language Dictionary. Starting from multiple PDF input files made available by the "G. C?linescu" Institute of Literary History and Theory, we extracted relevant information on Romanian authors which was indexed into Elasticsearch, a non-relational database optimized for full-text indexing and search. The relevant information considers author's full name, their pseudonym (if any), year of birth and of death (if applicable), brief description (including studies, cities they lived in, important people they met, brief history), writings, critical references of others, etc. The indexed information is easily accessible through a RESTful API and provides a powerful starting point which may contribute to future Romanian cultural findings. Based on this consistent database, our aim is to create an interactive map showing all Romanian literature contributors, enabling the identification of similarities and differences between them based on specific features (e.g., similar writing styles, time periods, or similar text descriptions in terms of semantic models). In order to have a clearer image on how authors relate one to another, we employed the k-Means and agglomerative clustering algorithms from the Scikit-learn machine learning library. The results depict the distribution of Romanian authors throughout history and enable the identification of correlations between them based on the emerging clusters. This paper is a proof of concept that makes use of only the first volume of the Romanian Language Dictionary and represents the first step for follow-up analyses performed using the indexed dictionary.
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Visan, Ruxandra. "DICTIONARY CONSULTATION HABITS OF ROMANIAN LEARNERS OF ENGLISH AT UNIVERSITY LEVEL." In eLSE 2020. University Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-20-236.
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The present paper focuses on the field of dictionary use, and examines frequency of dictionary consultation as well as dictionary preference among Romanian learners of English. Representative research on dictionary use includes Tomaszczyk (1979) and Wingate (2002) (see also Lew 2004 for an overview of the literature on dictionary consultation habits). While there has been significant research concerning dictionary use, the dictionary consultation habits of L1 Romanian speakers have been understudied (with few exceptions, see Vi?an 2018). Taking its cue from existing studies such as Atikins and Varantola (1998) which have found a correlation between dictionary use and proficiency level, the present paper focuses on a group of 214 Romanian students of EFL who major in English at the University of Bucharest, with two levels of English proficiency, namely B1 (95 students) and C1 (109 students). The paper shows that, as previous metalexicographers have underlined in studies focusing on foreign language learners, there appears to be a tendency among higher-proficiency learners to employ monolingual dictionaries more than bilingual dictionaries. This tendency occurs on the backdrop of a preference of the selected group of Romanian students, regardless of their level of proficiency, for monolingual dictionaries of English. The paper goes on to offer a detailed discussion of the context in which Romanian learners of English consult dictionaries at university level, attempting to identify the major factors which influence their lexicographical choices. The paper argues that the limited range of choice regarding bilingual dictionaries for Romanian learners of English (especially Romanian-English ones) can be seen as influencing the preference of Romanian students for monolingual dictionaries.
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Gifu, Daniela. "RECOVERING OLD ROMANIAN LEMMATA." In eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-176.
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The present study describes a method of exploring the Romanian old words collected in the written press, from 1829 till 2015, and contains three independent collections of newspapers, developed and structured corresponding to Moldavia, Wallachia, and Transylvania. The purpose of this research is to record the chronology of the Romanian old words identified in the diachronic corpus that we have built in the last three years, called RODICA (ROmanian DIachonic Corpus with Annotations), in order to develop a learning technology based on the language evolution. We have used the citations extracted from the eDTLR (Dictionary Thesaurus of the Romanian Language in electronic form), with an important role for eLearning applications. To recover lemmata of old, obsolete, word forms using eDTLR quotations is a target on which NLP group from Iasi has started to work a few years ago and this work contributes significantly in developing a diachronic POS-tagger. A diachronic POS-tagger is very important in different comparative language analyzes of eLearning. However, there is an important problem, which arises, the fact that the corpus contains only quotations and not a complete sentence. One quotation may be attached both to a title-word different than the word searched for or belonging to the searched for title-word. We consider that the model of language that we used could be useful both for applicative objectives (for enabling effective language similarity analysis using statistical methods) and for scientific objectives (for exploring the nature of related languages).
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Ivanic, Ivana, and Laura Spariosu. "FREE ONLINE EDUCATION: ONLINE GAMES FOR LEARNING ROMANIAN LANGUAGE." In eLSE 2015. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-15-117.
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The aim of this paper is to present additional material that students use for learning Romanian as a foreign language in Serbia. In recent years, at Faculty of Philosophy in Novi Sad, the number of students who learn Romanian as a foreign language has increased more than 3 times. In order to maintain the popularity and the best presentation of Romanian professors have made a long-term plan. One option for students is learning online, even if it is just to learn some basic vocabulary or foreign language practice for a language that they are already learning. The plan involves presenting students in an interesting way, everything that they did not know about Romania and would like to. It turns out that using of technological innovations, we contribute to the quality of teaching and students more draw attention of. In recent years we have a large number of sites with online games for Learning Romanian, and we try to present the advantages and disadvantages of each site. Students receive instruction which site is free to use, which are better. After every usage students make comments, what was understandable, what was easy and what difficult. If we provide to students more opportunities they will be more interested. Using online games in teaching Romanian Faculty of Philosophy has a success. Online games are one way to practice in a way that will help students practice and have fun with it at the same time. There are also many learning tools online. If students need to know a word in another language, it's as simple as doing a search for it or looking it up in an online language dictionary. On the sites students can learn the basics of Romanian, to hear the pronunciation and to do necessary tasks. The goal is to learn more and to have more fun.
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Spariosu, Laura. "SPELL CHECKERS FOR ROMANIAN LANGUAGE: EXAMPLE OF AUTOCORRECT AND ARCHEUS." In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-305.
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The aim of this paper is to investigate the efficiency of spell checkers for Romanian language. In computing, a spell checker (or spell check) is an application program that flags words in a document that may not be spelled correctly. Spell checkers may be stand-alone, capable of operating on a block of text, or as part of a larger application, such as a word processor, email client, electronic dictionary, or search engine. Some critics of technology and computers have attempted to link spell checkers to a trend of skill losses in writing, reading and speaking. They claim that the convenience of computers has led people to become lazy, often not proofreading written, doing nothing but a simple pass by a spell checker. On the other hand, supporters claim that these changes may actually be beneficial to society, by making writing and learning new languages more accessible to the general public. Also, they claim that the skills lost by the invention of automated spell checkers are being replaced by better skills, such as faster and more efficient research skills. Other supporters of technology point to the fact that these skills are not being lost to people who require and make use of them regularly, such as authors, critics and language professionals. Bearing all that in mind, it is the intention of the author to prove if the use of these programs is an effective shortcut to a good text checking. Therefore a corpus of 30 sentences, 30 phrases and 20 texts in the Romanian language will be proofread using the spell checkers AutoCorrect and Archeus. A success rate per each category of mistakes detected will be calculated and the research results will be presented statistically.
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VÎLCU, Marcela. "The problem of spelling loans: binding / undivining by hyphen of the definite article and the desinence, reflected in DOOM 3." In Probleme ale ştiinţelor socioumanistice şi ale modernizării învăţământului. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46728/c.v3.25-03-2022.p50-54.
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This article addresses the issue of the correct spelling of recent lexical loans, the timeliness of which is determined primarily by some changes made by the new edition of the "Orthographic, Orthoepic, Morphological Dictionary of the Romanian Language" (DOOM 3). Moreover, the problem is even more acute, as recent loans, still non-adapted, cause multiple spelling mistakes. In order to clear up some confusions and difficulties, a list of words that includes several examples of spelling of some recent borrowings, frequently used, is presented.
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Vulpe, Ana. "Revaluing Berejan’s Innovative Lexicographic Concepts." In Conferinta stiintifica nationala "Lecturi în memoriam acad. Silviu Berejan", Ediția 6. “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52505/lecturi.2023.06.01.
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A linguist with a wide profile, the scientist Silviu Berejan still felt attracted, in particular, by the problems of lexicology, semantics and lexicography. In the present material we try to make a succinct presentation of the new lexicographical concepts elaborated and used practically by Acad. Silviu Berejan. Speaking about each of the Berejanian innovative principles, we will illustrate their revalorization through a series of examples of lexicographical articles extracted from the most recent work of proportions developed within the Lexicology and Lexicography Sector, namely Explanatory Dictionary of the Current Romanian Language in four volumes, edited in 2022. We mention that some antinomies between the linguistic achievements and the lexicographic practice, which the scientist was speaking about 30 years ago, persist, although they can support certain rectifications conditioned by the evolution of vocabulary and language, in general.
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Stefan, Florea, Alexandra Cernian, and Anca daniela Ionita. "AUTOMATED UML MODEL COMPARISON FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING EDUCATION." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-063.
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Quality assurance in educational institutions should include mechanisms for detecting any student's attempt to cheat at his or her written assessments. Due to an increasing number of incidents, it is necessary to define holistic approaches at institutional levels, where management, culture and infrastructure should be taken into account. For this purpose, universities generally use tools for detecting plagiarism, based on comparing text and grammatical style, as well as searching for similar materials available on the Internet. Apart from general systems for detecting plagiarism, each discipline may require specific electronic aids for identifying similarities between assessment results. The paper considers the case of Software Engineering and, more specifically, Object-Oriented Modeling. It proposes solutions for automatically comparison of models conforming to the Unified Modeling Language, based on the following requirements: - Define methods for comparing all types of diagrams; - Develop a system that stores students' models; - Create tools that check a new project upon all the previous submissions, in order to detect similarities; - Eliminate false positive results; - Introduce the facility to detect synonyms at the level of modeling element names, using a Romanian language dictionary; - Define metrics for the similarity degree; - Validate the methods and tools in the classroom. The UML diagrams are supposed to be represented with the open source platform StarUML; then, they are exported to XML format for being interpreted and analyzed in comparison with the models of the central repository; one also checks for synonyms in naming modeling elements like classes, attributes, operations, actors, activities, states, components, nodes etc. The similarity score is computed with a dedicated algorithm, which takes into account weighted UML elements, UML relations, and semantics synonymy aspects.