Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Die paradoxe'
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BRENELIERE, PATRICE. "Le paradoxe d'hippocrate." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE6069.
Full textMercader, Patricia. "Le paradoxe transexuel." Lyon 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO20014.
Full textThe notion of transsexualism was constructed after World War II. It has been used since then to justify the surgical and juridical practices fallaciously called "change of sex". It was originated from the inverts allegedly therapeutic castration at the beginning of the XXth century "change of sex" functions as a social offer, and transsexualism as a carreer. The ones who undertake this carreer are the ones who are driven by their psychic conflicts into understanding the "change of sex" offer as a direct solicitation : if it can be done, they have to do it. Progressively, as they move forward in the carreer, their desire to belong to the opposite gender turns into a belief they do. This belief replaces their previous ambivalence. After a review of the social and psychological theories about transsexualism, french jurisprudence from 1965 to 1989 and autobiographies transsexuals published are used to show what social representations surround and organise the notion of "change of sex". Nine clinical studies, based on interviews, are then used to drax a psychological profile of the men and women who become transsexuals
Greco, Federica. "Autopromotion, paradoxe et réécriture dans l'oeuvre d'Ortensio Lando." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAL008/document.
Full textThe aim of this study is to analyse the work and thought of Italian humanist Ortensio Lando (c. 1506 – c. 1553). This writer has been rediscovered by critics in the 1970s, mostly thanks to Fay’s and Grendler’s studies, and today many researchers are interested by paradox and ambiguity in his works. But, except for the Paradossi, his literary production remains mostly unknown. For this reason we considered the whole Lando’s corpus, about 27 works, in order to propose a monographic study of this writer.We also focused on Ortensio Lando’s biography, of which we have only few documents, and on the theory that he was an Augustinian monk who committed apostasy and fled to France.The analysis of Lando’s works has permitted to define three research axes:1) Self-promotionLando used different pseudonyms. We assume that this strategy was not only a way to cover his identity, but also a self-promotion stratagem of which we analysed the rhetorical function. Lando knew how to exploit printing innovations and he showed how they could be used to build his eccentric writer’s image.2) ParadoxThe Paradossi are considered as the first vernacular paradoxical work, a successful literary genre in 16th century. Literary criticism reconstructed the way paradoxical tradition was reworked by Humanism, especially through Lucian of Samosata, and has defined its main issues, like the “donkey’s praise” and the critical of learning. But so far, little consideration has been given to others paradoxical Lando’s works and there’s still no satisfying interpretation of the reason behind this strategy. Several assumptions considered Lando as an anti-humanist, anti-Ciceronian and anti-Erasmian writer, but we believe that paradox doesn’t carries a sceptical rejection of any opinion or a criticism against Humanistic heritage; paradox is rather a denunciation of intellectual dogmatism.3) RewritingEven if Lando cannot be considered as an anti-humanist, he clearly lived in times of intellectual crisis and paradigmatic shift in literary models. We will analyse the relationship between Lando and classical culture by parody and imitation, and the relationship between the writer and humanistic culture that remains, despite criticism, the focus of his work. We will also focus on the reasons behind the long and erudite catalogues that Lando copies, especially from Ravisius’s Officina, by proposing to link this practice to the parody of uncritical classical imitation, as in the case of paradoxical literature
Naveau, Etienne. "Le probleme du paradoxe chez pascal." Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT3015.
Full textCrogiez, Labarthe Michèle. "Rousseau et le paradoxe." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040275.
Full textIn spite of the charge constantly alleged to Rousseau of being a paradoxical writer and the poor reputation of this rhetorical figure, Rousseau finds it the most convenient way to express his ideas. Studying the literary and rhetorical history of paradox, the reception of Rousseau’s works, his imaginary vision of what literature is and his discourse-making methods leads to show that the does not rely exclusively upon the affective and playful qualities of paradox, but confirms them by applying to the hermeneutic and philosophical abilities of paradox, within such an ideal of literature that search for accurate meaning is a moral demand. Through considering what Rousseau’s use of paradox is, we get a reexamination of his conception of literature and can establish that, according to him, literature is - both for writers and readers - a place of responsible speech and thus of moral action
Miranda, de Almeida Rogério. "Nietzsche et le paradoxe." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR20052.
Full textOur purpose, in this work, is not to explain, nor to present a synthesis of nietzsche's philosophy and theology. Since his thought is extremely fragmentary and scattered throughout his writings, such a task would be condemned, from the beginning, to the failure. Our purpose, indeed, is to stress the paradox as it appears through nietzsche's writing and, so, through the vaiety of perspectives, of readings and reinterpretations on the fields of art, science, religion, moral, philosophy and on the other cultural expressions. Therefore, no chapter will explain systematically, formally or constinously what would constitute the nietzschean paradox. Since we conceive the nietzsche's text to be a detour or a way which resists and avoids all leading and controlling discourse, it would be unreasonable to seek a ground or a standard by which his writing and its diversity of meanings would be assured and justifyed. That being so, nietzsche's thought develops through and from a continous play of "contradictions", anbiguities, masks and reevaluations
Préville-Ratelle, Emmanuel. "Le paradoxe de l'expertise partisane." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114241.
Full textLe dépôt de l'Avant-projet de loi instituant le nouveau Code de procédure civile a ravivé le mouvement de défense de l'expertise partisane et la résistance institutionnelle à l'encontre de l'expertise commune, unique ou judiciaire. Cette résistance est pourtant paradoxale. D'abord, l'expertise partisane n'a pas toujours été pratiquée, mais est apparue à la fin du 19e siècle avec le développement du processus judiciaire antagoniste et l'accroissement de la liberté professionnelle des plaideurs. Ensuite, les expériences étrangères de la France et de l'Angleterre démontrent qu'aucune préoccupation pratique alléguée par les défenseurs de l'expertise partisane n'est réellement insurmontable et permettent d'envisager un procédé d'expertise conforme au principe de la contradiction et soutenant une vision plus coopérative du procès. Enfin, aucun argument avancé selon une formulation de la justice civile comme équité ne peut être raisonnablement soutenu à l'encontre de l'expertise commune ou unique. Bien au contraire, la justice civile formulée comme équité milite davantage pour une pratique de l'expertise unique qui satisfait aux conditions de compétence, d'impartialité, d'indépendance et de publicité. Pour cette raison, la préoccupation véritable des juristes et des justiciables ne devrait pas être la défense de la pratique de l'expertise partisane, mais devrait être de plaider pour un changement de la pratique de l'expertise qui respecte le principe de la contradiction et les conditions de la justice formulée comme équité.
Alexandrescu, Vlad Ducrot Oswald. "Le paradoxe chez Blaise Pascal /." Bern ; Berlin ; Paris [etc.] : P. Lang, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36967000p.
Full textAlexandrescu, Vlad. "Le paradoxe chez Blaise Pascal." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0301.
Full textQhile reviewing in our introduction some stages of the history of skeptical thinking, from pyrrhon to sextus empiricus, we have decided to consider the 'skeptic paradox' - the evocation of contradictory opinions regarding every topic - as the structural unit of the skeptic discourse. We have tested the functionality of this unit on writings belonging to the french skeptic tradition (montaigne and la mothe le vayer). An analysis of this notion reveals the necessity of specifying the conditions on the employment of the skeptic statements. We propose to summarise these conditions in the constrait of a 'distant enunciation', which is possible to paraphrase with the aid of the epistemical modal values, such as the uncertain or the probable. As one direction of our examination we have explained specific relationships between the skepticism and the dogmatism, found at the inner level of the discourse. After presenting a three-layered theoretical model, which allows us to establish a differentiated typology of the paradoxical statements, the second part of the thesis is dedicated to the study of four of pascal's works : the reflections on geometry in general, the conversation with mr. De sacy, the writing s on the grace and the thoughts
Abiteboul, Olivier. "Présence du paradoxe en philosophie." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10115.
Full textLapalu, Sophie. "Le Paradoxe de l'action furtive." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080006.
Full textThroughout the XXth century and still today, artists of diverse horizons have claimed for ordinary acts done out in public spaces the status of artworks. Created amidst big city crowd, none of these acts, however, took place in the presence of a spectator. Due to artistic indiscernibility during their effectuation, we name them “furtive actions”. Considering the adjective “furtive” to qualify which seeks to “to escape the look, to go unnoticed”, how might such actions become artworks? Our task is to study this paradox, notably through the works of Vito Acconci, Adrian Piper, Jiří Kovanda or Francis Alÿs.We aim to apprehend the energy that led these artists to leave the sites traditionally dedicated to art in order to embrace the metropolitan crowds. We propose as hypothesis an “attitude of the modern”; the artist engages actively within the world and its elaboration. We then study the way furtive action becomes art work and the structure that takes shape, between dissimulation and revelation. These publications enable the furtive action to become art and to function as “screens” that indicate the past act and at the same time conceal it, orienting in reverse the perception by the spectator. Finally, we analyze reception of the furtive action become art work, wherein the time-lapse sets up a dialogic relationship and contributes to a transformation of the public. The art work thus asserts its value of exemplarity and invites the spectator toward action
Jauss, Jan Marek. "Die paradoxe Hirnembolie Diagnosestellung und Langzeitverlauf /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972275339.
Full textDahlet, Patrick. "L'Enonciation avant Benvéniste impacts d'un paradoxe /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37613196f.
Full textDahlet, Patrick. "L'énonciation avant Benveniste : impacts d'un paradoxe." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100161.
Full textIn opposition to a dogged idea, the notion of enunciation didn't originate with Benveniste. But the linguistic theories, although they are still sensitive to the heterogeneity of the enunciative processes, haven't stopped from integrating the last on the paradoxical mode of a denial of the indetermination its materiality assigns to the object-language and to its subject. After preliminarily registering this paradox in the patterns of Plato and Aristotle, of port-royal, of Breal and Saussure, this search mainly deals with the analysis of the recapture forms of this denial by Damourette and Pichon, Bally and Guillaume who demarcate a theoretical field appropriate to the enunciation in the first half of this century, based on a current criticism of arbitrarily. The investigation of these three patterns brings to light how in the limits of the subtle technical analysis they elaborate, the looping of the metalanguage and the hermeneutic validing of the empiric and psychic actual experiences become the privileged vectors of a denial of the symbolic partition of the subject. Can linguistics, today, build enunciation without being absorbed by psycho-analysis?
Delmas-Rigoutsos, Yannis. "Les paradoxes et le savoir etude historique, epistemologique et logique." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EPXX0031.
Full textGoloubieff, Bruno. "Identifier les entraves à l’activité de problématisation en formation. : Quelle auto-évaluation pour se professionnaliser ?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3003/document.
Full textThis research concerns the training of professionals in education-related fields. At the outset, a report dealing with the difficulties and hurdles encountered by these professionals in the work-place led to an investigation into training methods for such occupations. Since professional training combines two opposing objectives , namely instruction and independence of expression of ideas, the aim of this research is to present students with problem situations encountered in real life in order to dissect the issues and find solutions. In a society where resolving problems prevails, training in the analysis of problems is not always evident. During their course, some trainees are faced with obstacles which may lead to paradoxes. Identification of these obstacles shows that each trainee navigates between two opposing poles, and as part of training it is important that each trainee carries out self-evaluation to understand the implication of their actions and thus avoid lapses in logic and the creation of paradoxes
Bissonnette, Annie. "Milan Kundera essayiste ou l'art du paradoxe." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0020/MQ48136.pdf.
Full textChin, Gladys. "Le paradoxe chez Ying Chen, l'immobilité dynamique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0006/MQ42597.pdf.
Full textJöhl, Theres. "Agnes Heller: paradoxe Freiheit : eine geschichtsphilosophische Betrachtung /." Oberhausen : Athena, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/329265040.pdf.
Full textAhouansou, René. "Le Paradoxe darwino-marxiste de Jack London." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376021573.
Full textNoguet, Michel. "Transition et finances publiques : l'analyse d'un paradoxe /." Paris ; Montréal (Québec) ; Budapest [etc.] : l'Harmattan, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb372220179.
Full textBibliogr. p. 335-372. Index.
Ahouansou, René. "Le paradoxe darwino-marxiste de Jack London." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040349.
Full textThere are two contradictory attitudes in Jack London, the one is socialist, the other evolutionist. My aim in this thesis is to show that the evolutionary ideology is antithetic with the socialist ideology and ideal as i understand them, i. E. Cooperation, the coming of a new social order in which rivalries, vital competition will give way to social harmony and solidarity. The struggle for life and the survival of the fittest which are the basis of the evolutionist system are opposed to the ideal of the socialist. Yet Jack London obviously advocates both ideologies, which explains the use of the concept of darwino-marxist paradox. But it appears from the study of his works that he is more of an evolutionist, more of a Darwinist with pronounced nietzschean leanings than he is a socialist. Anyhow his violent anti-non-Anglo-Saxon, anti-brown and anti-black racism invalidates any claims of his to socialism, synonymous of universal brotherhood
Wrobel, Michel. "Le paradoxe de la sirène chez Barbara." Valenciennes, 2008. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/e6f2217d-d470-47f9-8b37-3e286bfc04a3.
Full textTwo distinct parts are being studied in the thesis about The paradox of the mermaid in Barbara's compositions. In the first part named Roundelays and mermaids various phenomena proper to her work are depicted in her music, language, repetitions, rimes, dances and themes (in particular in the intrigue of the lovers' discourse). All of them contribute to connect the artist to the negative images of the mermaid casting her evil spell on her lover as well as those of intriguing women in the love game. Other traits studied define more specifically the image of the mermaid: Barbara’s physical appearance, her make-up, her costumes, her gestures as well as her high pitched voice (nearing that of the cry of a bird) links apparent to the images of the aerial mermaid. As for the figure of the fish-mermaid the depiction of this fabulous mythical monster tends to be less inauspicious in particular in songs such as Clair de lune. As a result of this analysis various nuances bring about another image of Barbara consequently that of the altruistic nature of her work. The second part is named An altered vision. The equivocal study of the thesis attempts to explain the ever constant popularity of the songwriter in the 80's even though she obviously had lost her voice and physical allure. The image of the mermaid makes room to that of a vixen, a shrew on stage. Numerous given examples are studied in chapters one and two as well as the various styles which influenced her work stemming from the baroque, surrealism, pictorial and fantasy. They offer different degrees of interpretation slanting the artist broken voice and body particularly in songs relating to loneliness such as Seule. The last two chapters attempt to explain the reasons of the continuous success of the defaced song writer as well as her pursuit to continue her career
Alcalde, Maxence. "Transgression et institution, un paradoxe artistique : 1980-2000." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00173681.
Full textBrisset, Frédérique. "Cinéma d'auteur et doublage : le paradoxe Woody Allen." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00914841.
Full textAllemand, Jacques Debreuille Jean-Yves. "Le paradoxe dans la poésie de Jules Supervielle." [S. l.] : [s. n.], 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2001/allemand_j.
Full textAlcalde, Maxence Soulages François. "Transgression et institution, un paradoxe artistique 1980-2000 /." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2007. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/consult.php?url_these=theses/AlcaldeThese.pdf.
Full textRohaine, Said. "Paradoxe : réticence des économistes au système des prix." Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020003.
Full textThis work is an extension of economic analysis applied to the formation of opinions, ideals and scientific values in the world of economics. At the beginning of the thesis, a double anomaly in the distribution of the opinions of economists is brought to light : opinions on hardcore theory and appmlications in the field of economics of a wide range of variations ; the price system is only perceived with reluctance as a tool of economic analysis and as a norm for policies evaluations. This is made obvious by means of detailed analysis comprinsing such factors as age, main activity, etc. Wich enabled us to pinpoint various effects (generation, specialization, self-selection, etc) and to test our hypothesis on opinion polarization from a double criterion : micro macro and positive normative. At first, moral and psychological attitudes and values seem not important factors in the reluctance to de market solutions. As substitute explination, there is the hypothesis to test, that is economics is not really a science like others. In economics, there is no external processus in selectinng the best scientific theories. Is a second hypothesis is that economists face a weak incitation when it commes to invest in economic reasonning, which is considered as un element of specific
Razafindrakoto, Marc Joseph. "Paradoxe de l'existence dans la pensée de Kierkegaard." Lyon 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO31001.
Full textHow does the process of "growing christian" come out of necessity? what is the relation between man plunged in time and god the eternel? man is a synthesis of possibility and necessity, eternal and temporall, infinite an finite. His existential task is to actualize this virtual synthesis. Wheter he reduces his existential reality to the ideel reality or to the social and rational reality, he can only achieve one of the double aspects of this synthesis, and thus he fails in his task, as achieving only one aspect, abolishes the principle of contradiction which is essential to the fact of existing. To abolish this principle means, in existential terms, to be in contradiction with oneself. We consider this contradiction as a paradox, either a rational incoherency or as a logical one. To exist is to actualize this fragile synthesis of contradictory elements. This can only be done referring to god. Existence is still a paradox which is not a concession but a category, an ontological determination expressing the relation between an individual plunged in time and god in his eternity. This paradox is unbearable to reason, a fact no system of knoweldge can integrate. Through the works of kierkegaard, a religious writer and a great master of irony, this study tries to set off the irreducible distance between any rational system and the human existence in its
Allemand, Jacques. "Le paradoxe dans la poésie de Jules Supervielle." Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2001/allemand_j.
Full textJosende, Lauriane. "Liberté d'expression et démocratie : réflexion sur un paradoxe." Toulouse 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU10059.
Full textThe Constitutional Council asserts the specific nature of the freedom of speech, while this right is being highly limited. We have to understand constitutional law as a discourse allowing to structure and legitimate specifically this type of social organization. However, liberal democracy suffers from the opposition between two logics -constituant but nevertheless contradictory- which were in charge of its advent. The individualism justifying it is confronted with the necessity to maintain a stable sociopolitical order. We have to consider this right as the incarnation of a fundamental value of the classic liberal ideology when presented as superior, and as a concrete construction of the democratic system when it appears highly limited. These two dimensions are closely linked and complementary. This freedom is an individual and social right which depends on fundamental dialectics of modern law lying in the opposition between the premises of liberal philosophy and the requirements of the construction of democracy
Denizeau, Vincent. "Le paradoxe chez Jenaro Talens : une poétique du désarroi." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040127/document.
Full textThis work consists in the study of paradoxical clauses in the first part of Jenaro Talens’s poetic works (from 1964 to 1991). Starting from the two notions of paradox and poetry, we have organized our research around the syntagmatic and paradigmatic structures of the enunciation of paradoxes and the specificity of this poetic discourse, which we called poetic axis. So, after defining 2 large categories of paradoxes (logical and etymological), we have analysed the structure and the constructions of paradoxical propositions, in order to reach their role and function of the work under study : the feeling of paradox, as a synonym of disarray, which is the fuel of writing, shows the limit of the dual structure of the real, to lead to a non dual organisation of the world
Dupouey, Paul. "Le temps chez Patinir, le paradoxe du paysage classique." Phd thesis, Université Nancy II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00467565.
Full textFortier, Dominique 1972. "L'écriture comme paradoxe : étude de l'oeuvre de Gabrielle Roy." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82873.
Full textThe second grouping, also governed by this principle of alternation whereby each book seems to be the contrary of the one that precedes it, examines works of autobiographical inspiration (Rue Deschambault and La Route d'Altamont) and allegorical, almost didactic narratives (La Montagne secrete, La Riviere sans repos).
The novels that form the third grouping no longer oppose each other but rather bear the signs of a reconciliation that will only be realised fully in Roy's autobiography, La Detresse et l'Enchantement. Cet ete qui chantait, Un jardin au bout du monde, Ces enfants de ma vie and De quoi t'ennuies-tu, Eveline? combine work of autobiographical inspiration and third-person narratives, eliminating the barriers between the realistic, ironic and idyllic universes.
To each distinct form chosen by the author correpond a particular voice and a specific style of writing, which, although differing from book to book, nonetheless share common elements: doubt and hesitation, oppositions, questionings and interrogations. These are indicative of a new paradox, lodged in the writing itself, and which reveals itself through the co-presence of opposing perspectives. The different voices and the points of views they express reappear in La Detresse et l'Enchantement and Le temps qui m'a manque, which make up the fourth and final grouping. In her autobiography, Roy integrates these voices in order not to merge them into one, but to allow them to express themselves in a first-person plural narrative.
Desrochers, Julien. "La Rage de Louis Hamelin et le paradoxe sociocritique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23826/23826.pdf.
Full textDupouey, Paul Muller Frank. "Le temps chez Patinir, le paradoxe du paysage classique." S. l. : Nancy 2, 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-nancy2.fr.
Full textRambeau, Frédéric. "Paradoxe, problème, désidentification : recherches sur la philosophie française contemporaine." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA083592.
Full textThe difficulty there is in distinguishing the common ground or unity of contemporary French philosophies (Deleuze, Foucault, Derrida) comes from the fact that these philosophies work out through some disjunctive force in thinking. But the power of the disjunctive is also the feature that they share and which produces between them slanted irregular relationships. Paradox produces sense as difference. And on that difference depend both common sense and the specification of the normal rules of communication. The creation of a problem reveals the discontinuous nature of rationalizing processes. Its emphasis shows not a removed foundation but a repeated demonstration of chance. Disidentification in literary or conceptual writing as well as in unconscious desire grows a subject into impersonal forms of Becoming, by force unrelated and broken down. Within the paradox, within the problem, within disidentification, nothing stands before disjunction and the claim of unrelatedness, neither originary question, nor beginning ; and no one knows in advance, for any individual or philosophy, how many lives they are owed. These operations lead to greater stress laid on Deleuze and Foucault rather than Derrida; they are bound to confront this risk: the very difference of philosophy becoming disidentified. Foucault’s questionings of history open up two paths that remain exclusive: angry lucid present-time emancipation, ethical care of the self. Deleuze’s concept is produced by an acceleration of the desiring process triggered inside the thinking by some singular exterior case. But, cut from the case, the infinite speed of the concept gives it but self-referring consistency. The particular drive of these philosophies comes from having themselves laid out those problem features, leaving us to experience them as promontories of thinking
El, Hajam Sami. "Le paradoxe égalitaire : aperçu sur l'immigration maghrébine en France." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA083691.
Full textA few years ago, the participation of immigrants to social life was conceived as linked to their economical identity and their temporary status. Nowadays, immigration shows more structural and stable features, which has consequences on an institutional and socio-psychological level. However, contrary to some Northern-European countries, immigrant participation to political life still encounters juridical and cultural obstacles
Ténèze, Nicolas. "Israël et sa dissuasion : histoire et politique d'un paradoxe." Toulouse 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU10068.
Full textThe objective of this research is to demonstrate how Israel has managed to develop a multi modal deterrence and complete with vectors provided by their performance brought by their performance destruction. In an environment hostile to the Hebrew state for the first concern to protect itself, first pending receive a conventional army effective, then to ensure security ever he wants absolute. This is how this country so young and poor raw materials. Deterrence has developed comparable to those of the superpowers through its history and its network of community provided political scientists in the world, and even before its independence. What were those scientists and national and international policies. Several states have contributed to this power, first in terms of concern of the Cold War, including the USA, France, Norway, Britain, South Africa and perhaps even China. Israel is now the fourth nuclear power in the world and has nuclear research facilities, biological, chemical, radiological, ballistic and military space such, it remains a state laboratory for all developed countries. This is also how far this deterrent has influenced the history of the Middle East, whether it was effective or against-productive
Lièvre, Éloïse. ""Formes différemment communes" : Marivaux ou le paradoxe de l'identité." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040185.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to suggest a global reading of Marivaux' works by showing that his various generic practices participate in the same approach to writing, an approach which consists in a problematic reflection on his belonging as a writer in the literary field and in comparison with a heritage of forms, traditions and conventions. .
Epron, Guerric. "Macrophages et lymphome folliculaire : un paradoxe biologique et clinique." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S062.
Full textFollicular lymphoma is the most common indolent lymphoma. Patients’ lifespan is around 10 years but the cancer can evolve heterogeneous ways. FL is characterized by the build-up of tumor B cells at the expense of their normal counterparts from germinal centers. It is sensitive to chemotherapy but remains largely incurable. Indeed, many relapses are observed. Descriptive studies showed that tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are associated with poor prognosis for chemotherapy-treated patients. Unexpectedly, TAM become beneficial when the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab is added to the therapeutic regiment. In this work, we performed functional studies. We show that monocytes favor tumor growth through interleukin-15. Furthermore, follicular helper T cells, through CD40L, render tumor B cells highly sensitive to this cytokine. Nonetheless, monocytes are versatile and in vitro differentiation into macrophages allows them to phagocyte rituximab-opsonized tumor B cells. That function is also provided by in situ-purified FL TAM and involves the CD32 receptor. In the end, this study reconciles clinical observations and scientific facts. It underlines again, the importance of tumor microenvironment and gives tools for a better apprehension of macrophages ambivalent behavior in FL
Darbon, Dominique. "Le paradoxe administratif : perspective comparative autour de cas africains." Bordeaux 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR1D027.
Full textAfrican and European public administrations are at first sight very closed ton one another. As far as structures and decision-making processes are concerned. Whenever a comparative perspective is chosen one must not take structures and formal rules alone, but one must deal with their own social meaning. Any single decision is taken within a particulareint4llectual and cultural context which gives it a particular meaning. Social actors whoever they may be, civil servabrs and civilians, do analyze their relations with one another and with the bureaucratic apparatus according to their own strategies and within the general framework of their world viies. Following Geertz, Schaeffer, crozier and Legendre, a comparative perspective in public administration involving African countries, takes into account the necessary "interpretation of culture". With such a point of view, inefficiency and absenteeism become strategies and escapism, mimetic processes are turned into legitimation processes and legal rules into social realities
Maisonhaute, Janick. "Jouer avec le paradoxe : l'exemple des Pokot du Kenya." Paris 10, 2002. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01259981.
Full textIn Kenya, the Pokot community is made up of approximately 190. 000persons (1989 census). They are Kushitic Nilotes and belong to the Kalenjin group. Native of the Sekerr Mountains and the Cherangani Hills, they are an agropastoral and sedentary people organized by eight age-classes with current names but without handing over ceremonies. During the first decades of the 19th century, a third of them left the mountains and migrated to the east plains. Some of them settled on the Masöl plains, while others wentt eastwards and reached Nginyang where they settled near the Turkana community. These are the East plains pastoral Pokot. Then some of them left, raided the Maasaï on the west side and chased them up to Kitale. They still went further west and reached the Karimojong territory where they chased the Karimojong out of their lands up to Amudat in Uganda, and settled there. They are the West plains Pokot. Their migrations lead them to adopt a new way of life. They became semi-nomads and pastoralists on the East and West plains. Adopting a way of life similar to the Turkana and the Karimojong, they borrowed their generation classes which determined the syncretic socio-political systems still in effect today. This thesis is focussed on the question : what do such syncretic constructions observed in the three settlement zones impose upon the Pokot community as a whole and on each of its members. Such syncretic systems can exist if, and only if, the Pokot discover the most judicious solution to their paradoxes generated by the simultaneous exigence of contradictory age classes and generation classes systems
Rougé, Pascale. "Usages du paradoxe : étude de l'oeuvre de Jacques Réda." Littoral, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DUNK0050.
Full textThis study is connected with hermeneutics and intends to interpret Jacques Réda's works by bringing out the paradoxes that constitute them and by trying to solve them. It is supported by methods of stylistic and thematic analysis. The first part of this study presents and analyses the figure of the writer, how he uses common places and how he converses with other literary works. The second part underlines the tensions that sustain these works : the tension between what is mesurable and what is immeasurable, what is central and what is periphereal, between the sufferings of parking and the desire for amonds, the appearances of secret and the secret of appearances. The third part, at last, finds a way of solving these contradictions in the notion of network : the network of sentences, the network of texts and of editions, the intertwinings of prose and poetry, the entanglement of places
Di, Vittorio Pierangelo. "Loi et transgression. Nietzsche et le paradoxe des modernes." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR20056.
Full textPambou, Pambou Ange-Valérie. "Ecriture et paradoxe dans les nouvelles de Grace Paley." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070109.
Full textThis paper makes the case for paradox as a narrative pattern, an aesthetic paradigm, and a category for interpretation in Grace Paley's fiction. Postulating paradox as always-already present in Paley, it investigates that "always-already" in what it reveals the most of Paley's writing and narrative strategies. It attempts to make clear that if Paley's narrative, just like any narrative, is the repository of the continuity of narrative discourse, then, that continuity, insofar as she is concerned, is predicated upon a host of discontinuous formal processes which ail concur to grant primacy to contingency (narrative openness and dissemination) over teleology (narrative closure) in her stories. It makes the point that it is from what it reveals of the functions of language and of the way her narrative plays out and outplays those functions that the voice, in Paley, may be said to be the key operative category of her fiction, and literature, both pure language and always-already world-containing and world-contained. Lastly, this paper puts forward the conditions under which the fictional in Paley can be construed as a void, dis/misplaced, missing itself and missing at its place -if only to reveal ail its fictionality
Martin, Annabelle. "Beauvoir entre l’intime et l’historique : le paradoxe des Mémoires." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20044.
Full textThis study, which offers a reading of all the autobiographical writings of de Beauvoir, is not intended to be exhaustive. Its aim is rather to provide a more exact picture of the trajectory, the evolution and the shifting movement of her massive project. Many previously unknown writings have been published posthumously in recent times. These new texts contribute to the undermining of a simplistic and reductive image of de Beauvoir, an image drawn exclusively either from The Second Sex, from the Sartre - de Beauvoir couple, or from her political conversion.In a methodical reading of de Beauvoir’s autobiographical writings, one can attempt to grasp how a woman intellectual and writer constructs herself and marks herself off from others. She undoubtedly turns against her familial and cultural origins, but she is also capable of going against her own tropisms. A precise chronological reading that relates the different strata of the text reveals such contradictions. In such an approach, the Cahiers de jeunesse, published in 2008, play an important role. They show how de Beauvoir’s intellectual life is at first an interior, spiritual life that sometimes even has something mystical about it. Above all, at the outset of a literary and philosophic vocation, the Cahiers show an introspective vein that was for a time thwarted by two opposite tendencies: on the one hand a fascination with the novel (a genre that was highly valued in the Sartre-de Beauvoir couple), on the other hand a growing obsession with History. To these two factors a third must be added: a repression linked to a distrust of the intimate that was clearly fed by the intellectual companionship with Sartre. In this perspective, I thought it essential to confront de Beauvoir’s journals, in particular her Journal de guerre, to the text of the Mémoires, which in any case constantly refer to it and even integrate fragments from it. It would appear in a more general way that her re-reading of the journals, the work of her entire life, was constant, that it fed into the writing of the Mémoires, which as a consequence oscillate in a pendulum movement between introspection and retrospection. The Mémoires are clearly a reconstruction of the past, like all memoir narratives, but that becomes even more true when one thinks of the original text that preceded them and when their archaeology is taken into account.The Mémoires as a project are to be seen as a compromise between these contradictory urges. The enterprise provides an original combination of writing the intimate, writing History, writing the self and writing the other. However it is the project in its totality, the entire autobiographical corpus, that demonstrates the complexity of intention and register, it is this totality that makes it possible to take the measure of de Beauvoir’s singular project.All the gestures of writing that make up the memorial enterprise are indissolubly linked and at the same time different from one another. Such a diversity of intimate and memorial writing, at once systematic and multiple, may contribute to a revisiting of a somewhat rigid theory of autobiography that tends either to isolate sub-genres, classifying them by reference to distinct criteria, or else to bring everything back to the general category of writing the self
Sanzay-Langlais, Julie. "Art et mal-voyance à l'épreuve : un paradoxe fertile." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30014/document.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the link between the human visual system – examined from a scientific point of view – and the personal plastic expression relating facilities and photographs which deal with visual impairment. How can art be made accessible to everybody? To answer this question I explored the links between art and science and I demonstrated that both deal with perception: art develops our sensitive approach whereas science relies on a deep knowledge of the eye and can alleviate its failures. I examined perception from a theoretical point of view, dwelling on the Gestalt theory as well as on the phenomena deriving from illusions and the synesthesia which emphasizes senses association. I then dealt with blindness, first with its terminology and statistics and then with the psychological and practical life experience of the visually impaired. Against this backdrop, my research led me to investigate the image of the visually impaired through literature and art in western culture. I assessed its evolution first from an analysis of its image in ancient Greece, then through a book entitled Les Aveugles by Sophie Calle and also through the Blue Period of melancholy Picasso. This led me to examine how the visually impaired connect with art in order to gauge how fundamental Braille is in painting, sculpture, photography performance etc. How can we perceive art without resorting to visual perception? By developing all other senses or by relying on visual perception economy? Architecture adapts to legal standards while developing a kind of inventiveness which enriches the “living together”. Regarding scientific innovations, revolutionary tools are being proposed such as sensory replacement devices, the artificial eye or a camera for the visually impaired. The perception being the key of a communication between clairvoyant and visually impaired
Paquin, Jacques. "La poésie de Jacques Brault : une poétique du paradoxe." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6742.
Full textBrendel, Elke. "Die Wahrheit über den Lügner : eine philosophisch-logische Analyse der Antinomie des Lügners /." Berlin : W. de Gruyter, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357426069.
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