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Journal articles on the topic 'Diesel Combustion Modeling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Tao, Feng, Sukhin Srinivas, Rolf D. Reitz, and David E. Foster. "Current status of soot modeling applied to diesel combustion simulations(Diesel Engines, Combustion Modeling I)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2004.6 (2004): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2004.6.151.

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2

Murata, Yutaka, Jin Kusaka, Yasuhiro Daisho, and Hajime Ishii. "The 3-D CFD Modeling Combined with Detailed Chemistry for Diesel Spray Combustion(Diesel Engines, Combustion Modeling II)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2004.6 (2004): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2004.6.183.

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3

Golovitchev, V. I. "Analysis of Assumptions Commanding Detailed Chemistry EDC-Based Model for Diesel Spray Combustion(Diesel Engines, Combustion Modeling II)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2004.6 (2004): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2004.6.175.

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4

WAKISAKA, Tomoyuki. "C115 Multidimensional Modeling of Diesel Combustion." Proceedings of thermal engineering conference 2001 (2001): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeptec.2001.0_129.

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5

HIROYASU, Hiroyuki. "C116 Phenomenological Modeling of Diesel Combustion." Proceedings of thermal engineering conference 2001 (2001): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeptec.2001.0_131.

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6

Gustavsson, Jonas, and Valeri Golovitchev. "3 D Simulation of Multiple Injections in DI Diesel Engine(Diesel Engines, Combustion Modeling II)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2004.6 (2004): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2004.6.167.

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7

Herman S., Alfred, and V. Ganesan. "Effect of Injection Rate Control in a HSDI Diesel Engine(Diesel Engines, Combustion Modeling II)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2004.6 (2004): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2004.6.189.

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8

Kong, S. C., and R. D. Reitz. "Multidimensional Modeling of Diesel Ignition and Combustion Using a Multistep Kinetics Model." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 781–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906775.

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Ignition and combustion mechanisms in diesel engines were studied using the KIVA code, with modifications to the combustion, heat transfer, crevice flow, and spray models. A laminar-and-turbulent characteristic-time combustion model that has been used successfully for spark-ignited engine studies was extended to allow predictions of ignition and combustion in diesel engines. A more accurate prediction of ignition delay was achieved by using a multistep chemical kinetics model. The Shell knock model was implemented for this purpose and was found to be capable of predicting successfully the autoignition of homogeneous mixtures in a rapid compression machine and diesel spray ignition under engine conditions. The physical significance of the model parameters is discussed and the sensitivity of results to the model constants is assessed. The ignition kinetics model was also applied to simulate the ignition process in a Cummins diesel engine. The post-ignition combustion was simulated using both a single-step Arrhenius kinetics model and also the characteristic-time model to account for the energy release during the mixing-controlled combustion phase. The present model differs from that used in earlier multidimensional computations of diesel ignition in that it also includes state-of-the-art turbulence and spray atomization models. In addition, in this study the model predictions are compared to engine data. It is found that good levels of agreement with the experimental data are obtained using the multistep chemical kinetics model for diesel ignition modeling. However, further study is needed of the effects of turbulent mixing on post-ignition combustion.

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9

Ito, Takayuki, Tomofumi Hosaka, Jiro Senda, and Hajime Fujimoto. "Numerical Investigation of Soot Formation in Diesel Jet Flame Using Detailed Kinetic Model(Diesel Engines, Combustion Modeling I)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2004.6 (2004): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2004.6.143.

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10

Dostiyarov, A. M., D. R. Umishev, G. B. Saduakasova, A. K. Mergalimova, and B. Ongar. "MODELING OF THE COMBUSTION PROCESS IN A DIESEL ENGINE." Series of Geology and Technical Sciences 2, no. 446 (April 15, 2021): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-170x.36.

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The issues of combustion processes and the organization of the combustion workflow in diesel engines are relevant in view of the tightening of economic and environmental requirements for them. The problem of saving liquid fuels remains one of the most acute in the provision of fuel and energy resources. The development of highly efficient methods for organizing work processes when burning natural gas in a compressed or cryogenic state in the cylinders of internal combustion piston engines and determining ways to further reduce toxic emissions, increase fuel efficiency and reliability in promising gas engines is an urgent task. Mathematical modeling of liquid fuel combustion is a complex task, since it requires taking into account a large number of complex interrelated processes and phenomena. The article presents a simple 3-D model of cylinder diesel tractor engine D 144, the re- sults of numerical simulation of combustion of liquid and gaseous fuel in the cylinder of the diesel engine D-144. The article presents the results of modeling, including graphs of the dependence of nitrogen oxides, particles in outgoing gases, depending on the consumption of gaseous fuel in the form of pure methane. Additionally, tempe- rature and velocity contours are shown. The corresponding conclusions are made.

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11

Omidvarborna, Hamid, Ashok Kumar, and Dong-Shik Kim. "Recent studies on soot modeling for diesel combustion." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 48 (August 2015): 635–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.019.

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12

Lee, Daniel, and Christopher J. Rutland. "Probability density function combustion modeling of diesel engines." Combustion Science and Technology 174, no. 10 (October 2002): 19–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102200290021489.

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13

XIN, J., L. RICART, and R. D. REITZ. "Computer Modeling of Diesel Spray Atomization and Combustion." Combustion Science and Technology 137, no. 1-6 (August 1998): 171–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102209808952050.

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14

Rether, Dominik, Michael Grill, and Michael Bargende. "HC1-1 Quasi-Dimensional Modeling of Partly Homogeneous and Homogeneous Diesel Combustion(HC: HCCI Combustion,General Session Papers)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2012.8 (2012): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2012.8.386.

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15

Jayamurugan, M., and S. Rajkumar. "Modeling the Spray Characteristics of Biodiesel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 846–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.846.

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Biodiesel is considered as one most of the promising alternate fuels for the diesel engines without any major engine modifications due to its similar properties that of diesel. However, it is imperative to study the fuel spray behavior and its effective distribution inside the engine which affect combustion and emission characteristics. Hence, a model will be a useful tool in analyzing the spray characteristics of different biodiesel fuels. Therefore, in this paper a numerical modeling is pursued to analyse the spray characteristics namely spray penetration, spray angle, and atomization of biodiesel. This model is likely to be useful for biodiesel combustion modeling.

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16

Kidoguchi, Y., M. Sanda, and K. Miwa. "Experimental and Theoretical Optimization of Combustion Chamber and Fuel Distribution for the Low Emission Direct-Injection Diesel Engine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 125, no. 1 (December 27, 2002): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1501077.

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Effects of combustion chamber geometry and initial mixture distribution on the combustion process were investigated in a direct-injection diesel engine. In the engine experiment, a high squish combustion chamber with a squish lip could reduce both NOx and particulate emissions with retarded injection timing. According to the results of CFD computation and phenomenological modeling, the high squish combustion chamber with a central pip is effective to keep the combusting mixture under the squish lip until the end of combustion and the combustion region forms rich and highly turbulent atmosphere. This kind of mixture distribution tends to reduce initial burning, resulting in restraint of NOx emission while keeping low particulate emission.

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17

Dederichs, A. S., M. Balthasar, and F. Mauss. "Modeling of NOx and Soot Formation in Diesel Combustion." Oil & Gas Science and Technology 54, no. 2 (March 1999): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst:1999021.

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18

Hiroyasu, Hiroi. "Phenomenological Modeling of Diesel Combustion -Virtual Engine Design Engineering." Journal of The Japan Institute of Marine Engineering 44, no. 3 (2009): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.44.370.

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19

Kamaltdinov, V. G., V. A. Markov, and I. O. Lysov. "Modeling the Combustion Process of a Powerful Diesel Engine." Procedia Engineering 129 (2015): 488–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.12.159.

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20

ARAKI, Satoshi, Hiroshi KAWANABE, and Takuji ISHIYAMA. "218 Diesel Combustion Modeling Considering Local Fuel Non-homogeneity." Proceedings of Conference of Kansai Branch 2011.86 (2011): _2–24_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekansai.2011.86._2-24_.

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21

Lim, Jaeman, Sangyul Lee, and Kyoungdoug Min. "Combustion Modeling of Split Injection in HSDI Diesel Engines." Combustion Science and Technology 183, no. 2 (December 10, 2010): 180–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2010.519012.

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22

Li, J., W. M. Yang, H. An, and S. K. Chou. "Modeling on blend gasoline/diesel fuel combustion in a direct injection diesel engine." Applied Energy 160 (December 2015): 777–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.08.105.

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23

Zhang, G. Q., and D. N. Assanis. "Manifold Gas Dynamics Modeling and Its Coupling With Single-Cylinder Engine Models Using Simulink." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 125, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 563–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1560708.

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A flexible model for computing one-dimensional, unsteady manifold gas dynamics in single-cylinder spark-ignition and diesel engines has been developed. The numerical method applies an explicit, finite volume formulation and a shock-capturing total variation diminishing scheme. The numerical model has been validated against the method of characteristics for valve flows without combustion prior to coupling with combustion engine simulations. The coupling of the gas-dynamics model with single-cylinder, spark-ignition and diesel engine modules is accomplished using the graphical MATLAB-SIMULINK environment. Comparisons between predictions of the coupled model and measurements shows good agreement for both spark ignition and diesel engines. Parametric studies demonstrating the effect of varying the intake runner length on the volumetric efficiency of a diesel engine illustrate the model use.

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24

SOCHACZEWSKI, Rafał, Zbigniew CZYŻ, and Ksenia SIADKOWSKA. "Modeling a fuel injector for a two-stroke diesel engine." Combustion Engines 170, no. 3 (August 1, 2017): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-325.

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This paper discusses the modeling of a fuel injector to be applied in a two-stroke diesel engine. A one-dimensional model of a diesel injector was modeled in the AVL Hydsim. The research assumption is that the combustion chamber will be supplied with one or two spray injectors with a defined number of nozzle holes. The diameter of the nozzle holes was calculated for the defined options to provide a correct fuel amount for idling and the maximum load. There was examined the fuel mass per injection and efficient flow area. The studies enabled us to optimize the injector nozzle, given the option of fuel injection into the combustion chamber to be followed.

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25

Lin Tay, Kun, Wenbin Yu, Feiyang Zhao, and Wenming Yang. "From fundamental study to practical application of kerosene in compression ignition engines: An experimental and modeling review." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 2-3 (April 8, 2019): 303–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019841218.

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The use of kerosene in direct injection compression ignition engines is fundamentally due to the introduction of the Single Fuel Concept. As conventional direct injection compression ignition diesel engines are made specifically to use diesel fuel, the usage of kerosene will affect engine emissions and performance due to differences between the fuel properties of kerosene and diesel. As a result, in order for kerosene to be properly and efficiently used in diesel engines, it is needful for the scientific community to know the properties of kerosene, its autoignition and combustion characteristics, as well as its emissions formation behavior under diesel engine operating conditions. Moreover, it is desirable to know the progress made in the development of suitable kerosene surrogates for engine applications as it is a crucial step toward the development of reliable chemical reaction mechanisms for numerical simulations. Therefore, in this work, a comprehensive review is carried out systematically to better understand the characteristics and behavior of kerosene under direct injection compression ignition engine relevant conditions. In this review work, the fuel properties of kerosene are summarized and discussed. In addition, fundamental autoignition studies of kerosene in shock tube, rapid compression machine, fuel ignition tester, ignition quality tester, constant volume combustion chamber, and engine are compiled and evaluated. Furthermore, experimental studies of kerosene spray and combustion in constant volume combustion chambers are examined. Also, the experimental investigations of kerosene combustion and emissions in direct injection compression ignition engines are discussed. Moreover, the development of kerosene surrogates, their chemical reaction mechanisms, and the modeling of kerosene combustion in direct injection compression ignition engines are summarized and talked about. Finally, recommendations are also given to help researchers focus on the areas which are still severely lacking.

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26

Ramsy, Him, Amir Khalid, Adiba Rhaodah Andsaler, and M. Jaat. "Modeling of Common Rail System and Constant Volume Chamber in Biodiesel Combustion: A Review." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 555–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.555.

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Among the challenges faced by diesel engines combustion nowadays are to reduce emission especially Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) and Particular Matter (PM) while enhancing fuel efficiency and power. The purpose of this review is to explore the mixture formation of biodiesel combustion using constant volume chamber and optical visualization. This paper will review the development of a single-shot combustion system and constant volume chamber. An overview of the relation of mixture formation and combustion process in diesel combustion is provided first. This review has shown that the application of Rapid compression Machine (RCM) is used to simulate actual condition especially the injection pressure and air motion. The review also found that the mixing between fuel and air is unavoidable and very important during ignition delay period thus predominantly influences the exhaust emission. The detailed behaviour of injection characteristic that strongly effects the mixture formation especially the spray evaporation and spray interference are discussed.Keywords: Rapid Compression Machine; Ignition Delay; Nozzle; Injection System; Air Motion; Ambient

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27

Milojević, Saša, and Radivoje Pešić. "Determination of Combustion Process Model Parameters in Diesel Engine with Variable Compression Ratio." Journal of Combustion 2018 (August 7, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5292837.

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Compression ratio has very important influence on fuel economy, emission, and other performances of internal combustion engines. Application of variable compression ratio in diesel engines has a number of benefits, such as limiting maximal in cylinder pressure and extended field of the optimal operating regime to the prime requirements: consumption, power, emission, noise, and multifuel capability. The manuscript presents also the patented mechanism for automatic change engine compression ratio with two-piece connecting rod. Beside experimental research, modeling of combustion process of diesel engine with direct injection has been performed. The basic problem, selection of the parameters in double Vibe function used for modeling the diesel engine combustion process, also performed for different compression ratio values. The optimal compression ratio value was defined regarding minimal fuel consumption and exhaust emission. For this purpose the test bench in the Laboratory for Engines of the Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, is brought into operation.

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28

Renganathan, Manimaran, and R. Thundil Karuppa Raj. "Numerical Investigations of Spray Droplet Parameters in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine Using 3-Z Extended Coherent Flame Model." Advanced Materials Research 768 (September 2013): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.768.226.

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Diesel engine combustion modeling presents a challenging task as the injection starts with the spray formation and breakup of spray into droplets. The computation involved in predicting the in-cylinder fluid mixture during combustion using eulerian and lagrangian approach is rather a cumbersome task. In this work, 3D-CFD computations are performed to understand the behaviour of spray droplet variables on combustion process and emissions in a direct injection diesel engine. The study involves the computation of turbulent flow-field quantities, modelling various processes such as fuel spray distribution, atomization, collision, evaporation, combustion and pollutant formation using a commercial CFD code. Grid independence and time independent studies are carried out for finding the optimum grid size and time step. The numerical results predicted using CFD code is validated with the experimental data available from the literature. The process of combustion and emission characteristics is investigated numerically with respect to spray characteristics. The work is further extended to study the effect of swirl ratio and injection timing on droplet parameters.

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29

Liu, Long, Yan Peng, Xiuzhen Ma, Naoto Horibe, and Takuji Ishiyama. "Phenomenological modeling of diesel spray with varying injection profile." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 11 (October 15, 2018): 2780–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018807021.

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Accurate and quick prediction of spray characteristics such as spray penetration is paramount for the understanding and quantitative analysis of the combustion process in diesel engines, in order to perform parametric study on advanced combustion process in diesel engines, zero-dimensional diesel spray model is often used for the prediction of the spray evolution. In this study, a previous zero-dimensional diesel spray model applied for the spray penetration prediction including the part after the end of injection with a constant injection rate was extended to the cases with varying injection rate. The effective injection velocity was introduced into the previous spray model, which is defined as the ratio of the momentum flux and fuel mass flow rate over the spray tip cross-sectional area. Combined with this definition, the analysis of effective injection rate and its response time was performed during and after the end of injection. After that, the fuel mass flow rate and momentum flux over the spray tip cross-sectional area were derived for varying injection rate even after the end of injection based on the momentum and fuel mass conservation along the spray axis, and further the spray penetration. Finally, the developed model was validated by comparing with the experimental data.

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30

Bekdemir, C., L. M. T. Somers, and L. P. H. de Goey. "Modeling diesel engine combustion using pressure dependent Flamelet Generated Manifolds." Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 33, no. 2 (January 2011): 2887–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2010.07.091.

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31

Shirneshan, Alireza, and Hossein Jamalvand. "Modeling Gaseous Emissions from Peat (Biomass) and Diesel Fuels Combustion." Energy and Environment Focus 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/eef.2016.1194.

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32

Maghbouli, Amin, Wenming Yang, Hui An, Sina Shafee, Jing Li, and Samira Mohammadi. "Modeling knocking combustion in hydrogen assisted compression ignition diesel engines." Energy 76 (November 2014): 768–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.08.074.

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33

Sabau, Adrian. "Soot and NOx Modeling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 659 (October 2014): 456–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.659.456.

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This paper presents an advanced version of the original software developed by the author in order to simulate the combustion in the Diesel engines, focusing on simulate soot and NOx formation. Complex kinetic mechanisms are need for realistic modeling. A model derived by systematic reduction of multi-step chemistry is used. This reduction is based on the partial equilibrium assumption of the considered elementary reactions using the skeletal chemistry for n-decan for ignition, combustion and emissions. Subsequently, predictions of heat release rate, as well as NO and soot emissions are compared with experimental data. However, additional effort is required to enhance the fidelity of NO and soot predictions across a wide range

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34

Tanabe, Hideaki, and Satoshi Kato. "Numerical Study on In-Cylinder Flow Of an Impinging Diffusion Engine(Diesel Engines, Combustion Modeling I)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2004.6 (2004): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2004.6.159.

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35

KIDOGUCHI, Yoshiyuki, Kei MIWA, and Ali MOHAMMADI. "(1-11) Reduction Mechanism of NOx in Rich and High Turbulence Diesel Combustion((DE-4)Diesel Engine Combustion 4-Modeling)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 01.204 (2001): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.01.204.15.

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36

Neumann, Daniel, Christian Jörg, Nils Peschke, Joschka Schaub, and Thorsten Schnorbus. "Real-time capable simulation of diesel combustion processes for HiL applications." International Journal of Engine Research 19, no. 2 (August 21, 2017): 214–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087417726226.

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The complexity of the development processes for advanced diesel engines has significantly increased during the last decades. A further increase is to be expected, due to more restrictive emission legislations and new certification cycles. This trend leads to a higher time exposure at engine test benches, thus resulting in higher costs. To counter this problem, virtual engine development strategies are being increasingly used. To calibrate the complete powertrain and various driving situations, model in the loop and hardware in the loop concepts have become more important. The main effort in this context is the development of very accurate but also real-time capable engine models. Besides the correct modeling of ambient condition and driver behavior, the simulation of the combustion process is a major objective. The main challenge of modeling a diesel combustion process is the description of mixture formation, self-ignition and combustion as precisely as possible. For this purpose, this article introduces a novel combustion simulation approach that is capable of predicting various combustion properties of a diesel process. This includes the calculation of crank angle resolved combustion traces, such as heat release and other thermodynamic in-cylinder states. Furthermore, various combustion characteristics, such as combustion phasing, maximum gradients and engine-out temperature, are available as simulation output. All calculations are based on a physical zero-dimensional heat release model. The resulting reduction of the calibration effort and the improved model robustness are the major benefits in comparison to conventional data-driven combustion models. The calibration parameters directly refer to geometric and thermodynamic properties of a given engine configuration. Main input variables to the model are the fuel injection profile and air path–related states such as exhaust gas recirculation rate and boost pressure. Thus, multiple injection event strategies or novel air path control structures for future engine control concepts can be analyzed.

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37

Xing, Hui, Lei Guo, and Ji Wu. "Multi-Field Coupling Modeling and Analysis for Cylinder Liner of Slow Speed Two Stroke Marine Diesel Engine." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 1856–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.1856.

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To predict accurately the stress and deformation of combustion chamber components of large slow speed two stroke marine diesel engines, based on AVL Fire and ANSYS Workbench software, multi-field coupling modeling and analysis technology was employed to carry out the strength analysis for combustion chamber components of crosshead type marine diesel engine. The boundary conditions, i.e., the temperature field distribution, the mean temperature and the mean heat transfer coefficient are obtained firstly. Then the strength analysis for cylinder liner of crosshead type marine diesel engine under the thermal loads, mechanical loads and thermal mechanical coupled loads was conducted. The results show that the strength meets the design requirement and the stress concentration and the deformation of the cylinder liner were mainly dependent on the thermal load.

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38

Boulanger, Joan, Fengshan Liu, W. Stuart Neill, and Gregory J. Smallwood. "An Improved Soot Formation Model for 3D Diesel Engine Simulations." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 129, no. 3 (December 13, 2006): 877–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2718234.

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Soot formation phenomenon is far from being fully understood today and models available for simulation of soot in practical combustion devices remain of relatively limited success, despite significant progresses made over the last decade. The extremely high demand of computing time of detailed soot models make them unrealistic for simulation of multidimensional, transient, and turbulent diesel engine combustion. Hence, most of the investigations conducted in real configuration such as multidimensional diesel engines simulation utilize coarse modeling, the advantages of which are an easy implementation and low computational cost. In this study, a phenomenological three-equation soot model was developed for modeling soot formation in diesel engine combustion based on considerations of acceptable computational demand and a qualitative description of the main features of the physics of soot formation. The model was developed based on that of Tesner et al. and was implemented into the commercial STAR-CD™ CFD package. Application of this model was demonstrated in the modeling of soot formation in a single-cylinder research version of Caterpillar 3400 series diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). Numerical results show that the new soot formulation overcomes most of the drawbacks in the existing soot models dedicated to this kind of engineering task and demonstrates a robust and consistent behavior with experimental observation. Compared to the existing soot models for engine combustion modeling, some distinct features of the new soot model include: no soot is formed at low temperature, minimal model parameter adjustment for application to different fuels, and there is no need to prescribe the soot particle size. At the end of expansion, soot is predicted to exist in two separate regions in the cylinder: in the near wall region and in the center part of the cylinder. The existence of soot in the near wall region is a result of reduced soot oxidation rate through heat loss. They are the source of the biggest primary particles released at the end of the combustion process. The center part of the cylinder is populated by smaller soot particles, which are created since the early stages of the combustion process but also subject to intense oxidation. The qualitative effect of EGR is to increase the size of soot particles as well as their number density. This is linked to the lower in-cylinder temperature and a reduced amount of air.

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39

Pesic, Radivoje, Aleksandar Davinic, Dragan Taranovic, Danijela Miloradovic, and Snezana Petkovic. "Experimental determination of double vibe function parameters in diesel engines with biodiesel." Thermal Science 14, suppl. (2010): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci100505069p.

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A zero-dimensional, one zone model of engine cycle for steady-state regimes of engines and a simplified procedure for indicator diagrams analysis have been developed at the Laboratory for internal combustion engines, fuels and lubricants of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Kragujevac. In addition to experimental research, thermodynamic modeling of working process of diesel engine with direct injection has been presented in this paper. The simplified procedure for indicator diagrams analysis has been applied, also. The basic problem, a selection of shape parameters of double Vibe function used for modeling the engine operation process, has been solved. The influence of biodiesel fuel and engine working regimes on the start of combustion, combustion duration and shape parameter of double Vibe was determined by a least square fit of experimental heat release curve.

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40

Su, Wanhua, Xiaoyu Zhang, Tiejian Lin, Yiqiang Pei, and Hua Zhao. "Effects of Heat Release Mode on Emissions and Efficiencies of a Compound Diesel Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion Engine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 128, no. 2 (October 14, 2005): 446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2032447.

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A compound diesel homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion system has been developed based on the combined combustion strategies of multiple injection strategy and a mixing enhanced combustion chamber design. In this work, a STAR-CD based, multidimensional modeling is conducted to understand and optimize the multiple injection processes. The parameters explored included injection timing, dwell time, and pulse width. Insight generated from this study provides guidelines on designing the multipulse injection rate pattern for optimization of fuel-air mixing. Various heat release modes created by different injection strategies are investigated by experimental comparison of combustion efficiency, heat loss, and thermal efficiency. It is demonstrated that the process of fuel evaporation and mixing are strongly influenced by pulse injection parameters. Through control of the parameters, the stratification and autoignition of the premixed mixture, and the heat release mode can be controlled. The dispersed mode of heat release created only by the compound diesel HCCI combustion is a flexible mode in combustion control. The thermal efficiency with this mode can reach approximately to as high as that of conventional diesel combustion, while the NOx and smoke emissions can be reduced simultaneously and remarkably.

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41

YANG, WENMING, HUI AN, MAGHBOULI AMIN, and JING LI. "3-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL MODELING ON THE COMBUSTION AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF BIODIESEL IN DIESEL ENGINES." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 34 (January 2014): 1460371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194514603718.

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A 3-dimensional computational fluid dynamics modeling is conducted on a direct injection diesel engine fueled by biodiesel using multi-dimensional software KIVA4 coupled with CHEMKIN. To accurately predict the oxidation of saturated and unsaturated agents of the biodiesel fuel, a multicomponent advanced combustion model consisting of 69 species and 204 reactions combined with detailed oxidation pathways of methyl decenoate (C11H22O2), methyl-9-decenoate (C11H20O2) and n-heptane (C7H16) is employed in this work. In order to better represent the real fuel properties, the detailed chemical and thermo-physical properties of biodiesel such as vapor pressure, latent heat of vaporization, liquid viscosity and surface tension were calculated and compiled into the KIVA4 fuel library. The nitrogen monoxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) formation mechanisms were also embedded. After validating the numerical simulation model by comparing the in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate curves with experimental results, further studies have been carried out to investigate the effect of combustion chamber design on flow field, subsequently on the combustion process and performance of diesel engine fueled by biodiesel. Research has also been done to investigate the impact of fuel injector location on the performance and emissions formation of diesel engine.

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42

Faravelli, Tiziano, Alessio Frassoldati, Eliseo Ranzi, Miccio Francesco, and Miccio Michele. "Modeling Homogeneous Combustion in Bubbling Beds Burning Liquid Fuels." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 129, no. 1 (February 21, 2006): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2424957.

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This paper introduces a model for the description of the homogeneous combustion of various fuels in fluidized bed combustors (FBC) at temperatures lower than the classical value for solid fuels, i.e., 850°C. The model construction is based on a key bubbling fluidized bed feature: A fuel-rich (endogenous) bubble is generated at the fuel injection point, travels inside the bed at constant pressure, and undergoes chemical conversion in the presence of mass transfer with the emulsion phase and of coalescence with air (exogenous) bubbles formed at the distributor and, possibly, with other endogenous bubbles. The model couples a fluid-dynamic submodel based on two-phase fluidization theory with a submodel of gas phase oxidation. To this end, the model development takes full advantage of a detailed chemical kinetic scheme, which includes both the low and high temperature mechanisms of hydrocarbon oxidation, and accounts for about 200 molecular and radical species involved in more than 5000 reactions. Simple hypotheses are made to set up and close mass balances for the various species as well as enthalpy balances in the bed. First, the conversion and oxidation of gaseous fuels (e.g., methane) were calculated as a test case for the model; then, n-dodecane was taken into consideration to give a simple representation of diesel fuel using a pure hydrocarbon. The model predictions qualitatively agree with some of the evidence from the experimental data reported in the literature. The fate of hydrocarbon species is extremely sensitive to temperature change and oxygen availability in the rising bubble. A preliminary model validation was attempted with results of experiments carried out on a prepilot, bubbling combustor fired by underbed injection of a diesel fuel. Specifically, the model results confirm that heat release both in the bed and in the freeboard is a function of bed temperature. At lower emulsion phase temperatures many combustible species leave the bed unburned, while post-combustion occurs after the bed and freeboard temperature considerably increases. This is a well-recognized undesirable feature from the viewpoint of practical application and emission control.

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43

Lucchini, Tommaso, Daniel Pontoni, Gianluca D’Errico, and Bart Somers. "Modeling diesel combustion with tabulated kinetics and different flame structure assumptions based on flamelet approach." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 1 (July 16, 2019): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087419862945.

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Computational fluid dynamics analysis represents a useful approach to design and develop new engine concepts and investigate advanced combustion modes. Large chemical mechanisms are required for a correct description of the combustion process, especially for the prediction of pollutant emissions. Tabulated chemistry models allow to reduce significantly the computational cost, maintaining a good accuracy. In the present work, an investigation of tabulated approaches, based on flamelet assumptions, is carried out to simulate turbulent Diesel combustion in the Spray A framework. The Approximated Diffusion Flamelet is tested under different ambient conditions and compared with Flamelet Generated Manifold, and both models are validated with Engine Combustion Network experimental data. Flame structure, combustion process and soot formation were analyzed in this work. Computed results confirm the impact of the turbulent–chemistry interaction on the ignition event. Therefore, a new look-up table concept Five-Dimensional-Flamelet Generated Manifold, that accounts for an additional dimension (strain rate), has been developed and tested, giving promising results.

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44

Delhaye, B., and A. Taklanti. "Multi-Dimensional Modeling of the Aerodynamic and Combustion in Diesel Engines." Oil & Gas Science and Technology 54, no. 2 (March 1999): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst:1999025.

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45

Demoulin, F. "Modeling of turbulent spray combustion with application to diesel like experiment." Combustion and Flame 129, no. 3 (May 2002): 281–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-2180(02)00340-1.

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46

D'Errico, G., D. Ettorre, and T. Lucchini. "Simplified and Detailed Chemistry Modeling of Constant-Volume Diesel Combustion Experiments." SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants 1, no. 1 (April 14, 2008): 452–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2008-01-0954.

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47

D’Errico, Gianluca, Tommaso Lucchini, Angelo Onorati, and Gilles Hardy. "Computational fluid dynamics modeling of combustion in heavy-duty diesel engines." International Journal of Engine Research 16, no. 1 (December 5, 2014): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087414561276.

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48

Song, Y. N., and B. J. Zhong. "Modeling of Soot and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Diesel Diffusion Combustion." Chemical Engineering & Technology 31, no. 10 (October 2008): 1418–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200800248.

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49

Awad, Sary, Edwin Geo Varuvel, Khaled Loubar, and Mohand Tazerout. "Single zone combustion modeling of biodiesel from wastes in diesel engine." Fuel 106 (April 2013): 558–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.11.051.

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50

Ünal, Ömer, Michael Grill, Sushant Pandurangi, and Yuri Wright. "Modeling of the Combustion Process for a Dual-fuel Diesel System." MTZ worldwide 80, no. 7-8 (July 2019): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38313-019-0084-2.

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