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Schramm, Andreina, and Peter Hendrik Kook. "A Descriptive Study on the Extent of Dietary Information Obtained during Consultations at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital." Animals 12, no. 5 (2022): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12050661.
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The majority of dogs with chronic idiopathic gastrointestinal (GI) disease respond to diet. So far, no study has assessed how much dietary information is obtained during consultations. We retrospectively evaluated what dietary information was available from dogs presenting to our Gastroenterology (GE), and Internal Medicine (IM) Service between 10/2017 and 01/2020. Data from 243 dogs presenting for first GE consultations were compared to 239 dogs presenting with chronic GI signs for first IM consultations. Referrals comprised 131 (54%) GE dogs and 112 (47%) IM dogs. Referral documents specified the previously fed diet in 53/131 (40%) GE and 14/112 (13%) IM dogs. No dog had received more than one previous diet trial for chronic GI signs. Irrespective of referral status, diet trials had been performed in 127/199 (64%) GE, and 56/156 (36%) IM dogs. The specific diet fed at the time of consultation could only be named by 106/199 (53%) GE and 40/156 (26%) IM dog owners. Data on response to subsequent newly prescribed diets were available from 86 GE dogs and 88 IM dogs. A positive response to diet was noted in 50/86 (58%) GE and 26/88 (30%) IM dogs. A further 23/35 (66%) GE dogs and 12/21 (57%) IM dogs responded positively to a second diet trial, and 4/9 GE dogs (44%) and 6/7 (86%) IM dogs responded positively to a third diet trial. In conclusion, overall dietary information gained from referring veterinarians and owners was often incomplete. More dietary information could be gained during GE consultations compared to IM consultations for chronic GI signs. A positive response to diet can still be seen after two diet failures. Further studies will help to ascertain if the percentage of diet-responsive GI disease increases when more complete dietary information is obtained at the time of consultations.
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Mohan Singh, Hari, Vijesh Patel, and Group C. "A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON RENAL DIET IN TERMS OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS IN SELECTED HOSPITAL OF GANDHINAGAR." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 10 (2022): 764–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15544.
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A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on renal diet in terms of knowledge and attitude among patients undergoing hemodialysis in selected hospital of Gandhinagar A quantitative approach was used in the study to assess the effectiveness of a structured teaching programme on assessing the knowledge and attitude on renal diet among patients undergoing hemodialysis of a selected hospital in Gandhinagar. The investigator used multi-stage simple random sampling technique for selecting 30 samples. In the view of the study structured teaching programme on renal diet in terms of knowledge and likert scale for attitude was prepared. The reliability of the structured knowledge questionnaire was 0.78. Data were analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean pre-test knowledge score was 16.20 whereas post-test knowledge score was 23.66. The mean posttest knowledge score is significantly higher than the mean pretest knowledge score with the mean difference of 7.46 and the calculatedt value (t =9.29). The findings of the study reveal that there is no significant association with pre-test knowledge scores and selected demographic variables of the samples except attended seminar or lecture on renal diet. Hence it is concluded that structured teaching programme was effective in improving knowledge of renal diet among patients undergoing hemodialysis.
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Bhattacharya, Sudip, DhananjayKumar Singh, Nikhil Sinha, et al. "Effects of diet on hypertensive disorders during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study from a teaching hospital." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 10, no. 9 (2021): 3268. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_96_21.
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Bhattacharya, Sudip, DhananjayKumar Singh, Nikhil Sinha, et al. "Effects of diet on hypertensive disorders during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study from a teaching hospital." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 10, no. 9 (2021): 3268. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_96_21.
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Lawe, Beverley. "Teaching university students to cook, to improve their diet: a pilot study at Nottingham Trent University." International Journal of Health Promotion and Education 51, no. 3 (2013): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14635240.2012.758884.
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Fischer, Sebastian, Yannick F. Diehm, Dimitra Kotsougiani-Fischer, et al. "Teaching Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction—A Retrospective Cohort Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 24 (2021): 5875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10245875.
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Microsurgical breast reconstruction demands the highest level of expertise in both reconstructive and aesthetic plastic surgery. Implementation of such a complex surgical procedure is generally associated with a learning curve defined by higher complication rates at the beginning. The aim of this study was to present an approach for teaching deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) and transverse upper gracilis (TUG) flap breast reconstruction, which can diminish complications and provide satisfying outcomes from the beginning. DIEP and TUG flap procedures for breast reconstruction were either performed by a senior surgeon (>200 DIEP/TUG, ”no-training group”), or taught to one of five trainees (>80 breast surgeries; >50 free flaps) in a step-wise approach. The latter were either performed by the senior surgeon, and a trainee was assisting the surgery (“passive training”); by the trainee, and a senior surgeon was supervising (“active training”); or by the trainee without a senior surgeon (“after training”). Surgeries of each group were analyzed regarding OR-time, complications, and refinement procedures. A total of 95 DIEP and 93 TUG flaps were included into this study. Before the first DIEP/TUG flap without supervision, each trainee underwent a mean of 6.8 DIEP and 7.3 TUG training surgeries (p > 0.05). Outcome measures did not reveal any statistically significant differences (passive training/active training/after training/no-training: OR-time (min): DIEP: 331/351/338/304 (p > 0.05); TUG: 229/214/239/217 (p > 0.05); complications (n): DIEP: 6/13/16/11 (p > 0.05); TUG: 6/19/23/11 (p > 0.05); refinement procedures (n): DIEP:71/63/49/44 (p > 0.05); TUG: 65/41/36/56 (p > 0.05)), indicating safe and secure implementation of this step-wise training approach for microsurgical breast reconstruction in both aesthetic and reconstructive measures. Of note, despite being a perforator flap, DIEP flap required no more training than TUG flap, highlighting the importance of flap inset at the recipient site.
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Rondelli, Mariana Cristina Hoeppner, Michele Cristina de Camargo Oliveira, Flavio Lopes da Silva, et al. "A retrospective study of canine cutaneous food allergy at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital from Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil." Ciência Rural 45, no. 10 (2015): 1819–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20140440.
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Cutaneous food allergy is an adverse immunological response, triggered by antigenic dietary components that may escape the digestion process and are absorbed intact through the gastrointestinal mucosa. In Brazil, there are only a few reports on cutaneous food allergy and antigenicity of food components used in pet food production. Thus, the aim of this report was to assess and describe data from medical records of canine patients diagnosed with cutaneous food allergy at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital from Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, in order to evaluate epidemiological and clinical aspects related to this skin problem. From 2007 to 2012, 29 dogs received the diagnosis of cutaneous food allergy after an eight-week hypoallergenic elimination trial. Among them, purebred dogs were more frequent, as well as females, and their mean age was 50.4 months old. Pruritus was reported in all cases, especially in interdigital areas. In order to establish the diagnosis, most patients received home-cooked elimination diet, based on potato and lamb in approximately 80% of the cases. Besides, it was highlighted the importance of the hypoallergenic elimination diet being rigorously followed by dogs' owners, aiming the adequate control of the clinical signs related to cutaneous food allergy.
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Ros, Emilio, Miguel A. Martínez-González, Ramon Estruch, et al. "Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Health: Teachings of the PREDIMED Study." Advances in Nutrition 5, no. 3 (2014): 330S—336S. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/an.113.005389.
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Denysova, Svitlana, Оksana Kuzmych та Iryna Nikolaieva. "THE ROLE OF СOUNTRY STUDY ASPECTS IN THE STUDY OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE". Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, № 13(81) (2022): 184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2022-13(81)-184-187.
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The interdisciplinary nature of the content of the discipline «Foreign Language» has ample opportunities to create a socio-cultural educational space. The use of socio-cultural approach in language education allows in a new, deeper and more meaningful way to reveal all the components of the concept of the level of functional socio-cultural literacy. In modern concepts of learning a foreign language is seen as a reflection of the culture of the people, mastering a foreign culture and the acquisition of spiritual values. This task is set by linguistics, which investigates the selection and methods of providing students with information about the country whose language is being studied, in order to ensure their practical knowledge of the language. Linguistics is an aspect of the methodology of teaching foreign languages that reflects the national and cultural component of the language material. After all, without instilling in students the norms of adequate language behavior in isolation from knowledge, it is impossible to prepare them for foreign language communication and to form communicative ability. It follows that the development of the linguistic aspect in the teaching of a foreign language is extremely relevant and important. Every national culture consists of national and international elements and cannot fully correspond to another culture. Therefore, while learning a foreign language, we are forced to spend time developing students’ ideas about new subjects and phenomena. Thus, we are talking about the inclusion of elements of country studies in language teaching, but this is the inclusion of a slightly different kind compared to general country studies. Since we are talking about the connection in the educational process of language and information in the field of national culture, this type of teaching is called linguistics teaching.
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Akram Hassan, Moneam, Abd Alsalam Harfash Hassan, and Nadhim Ghazal Noaman. "Epidemiological Study of Non-communicable Diseases Among Patients Attending Nutritional Clinic in Baquba Teaching Hospital." Diyala Journal of Medicine 19, no. 2 (2020): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26505/djm.19025220122.
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Background: Non-communicable diseases are chronic diseases with long duration resulting from a combination of many factors like genetic, physiological, environmental, and lifestyle. Factors like poor diet, lack of exercise, tobacco, drugs, alcohol, family, and environment are risk factors for non-communicable diseases.Non-communicable diseases have huge economic consequences due to health care costs and lost economic productivity. Non-communicable diseases are responsible for 63% of the total death. Modifiable risk factors due to lifestyle can be controlled or reduced by intervention like lack of exercise, smoking, alcohol, unbalanced diet while non-modifiable risk factors cannot be reduced or controlled like age, gender, genetics. Improper maternal nutrition in utero and during the first year of life is associated with the risk of non-communicable diseases in adulthood. Obesity is now a public health problem because of strong association with hypertension, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes and stroke. Objective: To determine non -communicable diseases among patients attending a nutrition clinic in Baquba Teaching Hospital and to assess the diseases in relation to age, gender, residency, occupation, and educational level. Patients and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in Baquba Teaching Hospital, a review of patients’ records was done from the start of January 2015 to 31st December 2017. Data were collected by specially designed questionnaire which includes age, gender, height, weight, occupation, residency, and educational level. Results presented in tables with numbers and percentages. Results: The total number of records were (891) .obesity and morbid obesity (64.2%). Obesity (52.7%) followed by hypertension (20.3%). Most of the cases were female (66.7%). The age group of (31-40) year was mostly affected (23.2%). Urban residents (77.2%) of cases .House wives (48.2%) followed by students (23.1%). (63.8%) of cases were graduated from primary and secondary school. Conclusion: Most the cases were obese. Female affected more than male, majority of cases in the age group below 50 years, urban residents more than rural residents, most of cases were house wives, matority of cases were graduated from primary and secondary school. Keywords: Non-commnicable diseases, obesity, lifestyle
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Chough, Ino, Karen Zaghiyan, Gayane Ovsepyan, and Phillip Fleshner. "Practice Changes in Postoperative Feeding after Elective Colorectal Surgery: From Prospective Randomized Study to Everyday Practice." American Surgeon 84, no. 10 (2018): 1675–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481808401028.
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Early postoperative feeding is the standard of care after colorectal surgery and is associated with improved outcomes. A controlled study performed at our center demonstrated faster bowel function recovery and shorter hospital stay without an increase in postoperative morbidity for a solid versus clear-liquid diet on postoperative day (POD) 1 after colorectal surgery. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of these findings on the practice of diet advancement by board-certified general surgeons (GS) and colorectal surgeons (CRS) at an urban teaching hospital. Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery were prospectively evaluated. Data were compared with that of a study cohort that underwent elective colorectal surgery reported in 2012. Early postoperative feeding in the more recent cohort statistically increased for all cases on POD 0 and POD 1. Diet advancement over time revealed significant changes in early feeding on POD 0 for patients operated on by CRS (0% vs 83%; P < 0.0001) but not GS (13% vs 13%; P = 1). Patients operated on by either CRS or GS and offered early feeding on POD 1 did not significantly differ between time periods. Despite well-documented evidence of the advantages of early feeding, GS, but not CRS, remain reluctant to administer early diets to patients after colorectal surgery.
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Kartik, Priyanka, and Malvinder Ahuja. "Comparative Study of Teaching Competency of Male and Female Trainees of Govt and Self Financed Colleges." IRA International Journal of Education and Multidisciplinary Studies (ISSN 2455–2526) 4, no. 2 (2016): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jems.v4.n2.p6.
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<div><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p><em>This investigation was undertaken to study teaching competence of trainees gender wise and institution type wise. a sample of 100 B.T.C trainees were selected 50 each from DIET and one of the self financing college of Meerut district. Baroda teacher competency scale was used to observe pre instructional, instructional and post instructional skills of all these trainees (2010-2012 batch) during their final internship period. Analyses were done gender wise and institution wise. Means, SD and t-ratios were used to analyze data.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>The findings revealed that;</em></p><p><em>• B.T.C. trainees of self financed institution were found to be more competent in the use of Pre- Instructional teaching skills.</em></p><p><em>• the trainees of self financed institution are superior to those of Govt. Institution with regard to their teaching competency on Instructional teaching skills. </em></p><p><em>• the trainees of self financed institution are superior to those of Govt. Institution with regard to their teaching competency on Instructional teaching skills. </em></p><p><em>• Male B.T.C. trainees were found to be more competent in the use of Pre- Instructional teaching skills as compared to their female counterparts. </em></p><p><em>• Male trainees were higher in teaching competency (instructional skills) as compared to female trainees of B.T.C. institutions.</em></p><p><em>• male B.T.C. trainees were superior to female B.T.C trainees with regard to their teaching competency on post- instructional skills.</em></p></div>
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Katari, Arun, and Ramu M. "A Clinical Study on Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital." PERSPECTIVES IN MEDICAL RESEARCH 9, no. 2 (2021): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47799/pimr.0902.04.
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Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is gaining popularity for the surgical treatment of gallbladder diseases. The technique has advantages of safe surgery, minimal complications, lower duration of hospital stay, and early return to normal activities. We in the current study tried to evaluate the outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomies done in our tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria n=40 cases were identified and treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A complete history which included the pasthistory, family history, socioeconomic status, nature of symptoms, diet history was obtained. All the patients underwent a complete clinical examination. The investigations carried out were complete blood picture, bleeding time, clotting time, ECG, LFT, KFT, FBS, blood groups, chest x-ray, and Ultrasound scan of the abdomen. All cases were operated as per the standard procedures. Results: The most common sign recorded in the cases was pain in right hypochondrium. Out of n=40 cases, 95% were present with pain 5% was without pain. Clinical jaundice was found in 10% of cases and tenderness was found on examination in 95% of cases. USG showed the presence of multiple stones was in 76% of cases, thickening of the gall bladder was in 80% cases and presence of mass was detected in 8% of cases. The follow-up period was 3 months in which no complications were reported. Conclusion: The study found that most of the cases of cholelithiasis now occurring across the spectrum of different ages. The diagnosis has now become easy with the presence of ultrasonography which has sensitivity and specificity. The motto of safe surgery, low morbidity, and early back to work is best done with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
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Kafatos, Irene, Antonis Peponaras, Manolis Linardakis, and Anthony Kafatos. "Nutrition education and Mediterranean diet: exploring the teaching process of a school-based nutrition and media education project in Cretan primary schools." Public Health Nutrition 7, no. 7 (2004): 969–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004565.
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AbstractBackground:During the past few decades there has been a gradual abandoning of the traditional Mediterranean diet by the population of Crete and especially among the younger generations. Since this is related to the rapidly increasing morbidity and mortality rates from chronic diseases, the need for educating young people on the principles of good nutrition becomes increasingly important. It is also acknowledged that the epidemiological field needs to focus on studying the implementation process, since this will allow for a deeper understanding of the outcomes.Objectives:The aims of the present study were to explore the process of implementing an innovation in Cretan primary schools and to identify best teaching practices and principles.Design:In three state primary schools on the island of Crete, 107 children took part in a 30-h nutrition and media education programme. Classroom observations were used to define attitudes towards the programme and teaching methods. Besides baseline and post evaluation, the pupils were also interviewed about 11 months after the end of the programme.Implementation:During observation of the teaching process, emerging issues were the teacher's motivation and interest in the course, his/her preparation before each class, teaching ability and communication skills, the respect and discipline he/she kept and the innovative teaching methods used. In some cases researcher intervention in the classroom could not be avoided.Findings and conclusions:Overall, individual teacher willingness and teaching skills were mainly responsible for the quality of teaching, the variety of educational methods used in classrooms and pupils' interest in the course. Changes in pupils' knowledge and recall of the course were related to teacher enthusiasm but also to researcher intervention. Exploring the teaching and learning process allowed a deeper understanding of the data. It is concluded that attempts to introduce the principles of a Mediterranean diet to children through nutrition education require innovative, enthusiastic and highly motivated teachers.
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Marchioni, Dirce Maria Lobo, Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira Latorre, José Eluf-Neto, Victor Wünsch-Filho, and Regina Mara Fisberg. "Identification of dietary patterns using factor analysis in an epidemiological study in São Paulo." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 123, no. 3 (2005): 124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802005000300007.
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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Diet and nutrition are environmental factors in health/disease relationships. From the epidemiological viewpoint, diet represents a complex set of highly correlated exposures. Our objective was to identify patterns of food intake in a group of individuals living in São Paulo, and to develop objective dietary measurements for epidemiological purposes. DESIGN AND LOCAL: Exploratory factor analysis of data in a case-control study in seven teaching hospitals in São Paulo. METHODS: The participants were 517 patients (260 oral cancer cases and 257 controls) admitted to the study hospitals between November 1998 and March 2001. The weekly intake frequencies for dairy products, cereals, meat, processed meat, vegetables, pulses, fruits and sweets were assessed by means of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis, based on the intake of the eight food groups, using principal component analysis as an extraction method followed by varimax rotation. RESULTS: Factor analysis identified three patterns that accounted for 55% of the total variability within the sample. The first pattern ("prudent") was characterized by vegetable, fruit and meat intake; the second ("traditional") by cereals (mainly rice) and pulses (mainly beans); and the third ("snacks") by dairy products and processed meat. CONCLUSION: This study identified food intake patterns through an a posteriori approach. Such analysis may be useful for nutritional intervention programs and, after computing scores for each individual according to the patterns identified, for establishing a relationship between diet and other epidemiological measurements of interest.
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Laurenti, P., C. De Meo, D. Sacchini, et al. "Factors affecting safe and healthy diet in older adults in Italy: results of a preliminary study performed in a community-dwelling sample." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 3 (2019): 432–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002301.
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AbstractObjective:To investigate, through a questionnaire, older adults’ demographic and socio-economic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes and practices in terms of food safety and healthy diet; and to develop dietary and hygiene indices able to represent participants’ nutritional and food safety behaviour, exploring their association with demographic and socio-economic factors.Design:One-year cross-sectional study.Setting:Gemelli Teaching Hospital (Rome, Italy).Participants:People aged ≥65 years, Italian speaking, accessing the Centre of Ageing Medicine.Results:Mean age of the sample was 74 (sd 7·7) years. Subjective perception of a safe diet was high: 64·2 % of respondents believed they have a balanced diet. Interviewees got informed about proper nutrition mainly from television, magazines, newspapers, Internet (29·9 %) and from health professionals (34·8 %) such as dietitians, whereas 15·4 % from general practitioners. Regarding food safety, 33·8 % of participants reported to consume expired food, even more than once per month; between 80 and 90 % of participants reported to follow food safety practices during preparation and cooking, even though 49·3 % defrosted food at room temperature. Calculated dietary and hygiene indices showed that the elderly participants were far from having optimal nutritional and food safety behaviours.Conclusions:These results suggest it is necessary to increase the awareness of older adults in the matter of healthy diet and food safety. Specific and targeted educational interventions for the elderly and their caregivers could improve the adoption of recommended food safety practices and safe nutritional behaviours among older adults.
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Toroitich, John Kipserem, Aggrey James Oloo, and John Arudo. "DETERMINANTS OF DIET AND FLUID ADHERENCE AMONG END STAGE RENAL DISEASE PATIENTS UNDERGOING HAEMODIALYSIS AT MOI TEACHING AND REFERRAL HOSPITAL, UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA." Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing 5, no. 4 (2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/jhmn.1144.
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Purpose: This study was conducted to establish determinants of diet and fluid adherence among ERSD patients undergoing hemodialysis at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital- Uasingishu county. Kenya.
 Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was applied. Using Fisher’s formula, a sample size of 145 participants were conveniently recruited. Data collection was done by use of modified end stage renal disease adherence questionnaire (ESRD-AQ). Chi-square (χ2) was used to test statistical significance. Frequency tables and bar graphs were used for data presentation. SPSS version 22.0 was used for data analysis.
 Results: The study revealed that knowledge on nutritional requirements for renal patients was marginally associated with dietary and fluid intake with a higher proportion of those with low nutritional knowledge (83.6%) adhering to diet and a relatively smaller proportion in the same category (58.9%) complying with fluid intake. A significant relationship with dietary adherence was observed where participants practiced fluid restrictions (p=0.003) and the frequency in which health staff talk about the importance of following proper diet (p <0.0001). On social support domain, a significant association was observed in patients who agreed that various social support aspects help improve depression, self-esteem, self-management, etc. and who adhered to diet scored a significantly higher mean of 5.6 (95% CI = 5.5 – 5.6) in contrast to non-adherent counterparts who had a mean of 5.5 (p = 0.0006). Among the economic factors with significant association with diet adherence were; use of bus for transport (p=0.02); income of less than KSH. 30,000 (p=0.006); treatment cost (p=0.007) and ability to access material support that helps in adherence (p=0.003). Those who claimed that lack of transport was the main reason for missing dialysis practiced fluid adherence (p=0.01) with a smaller proportion (44%) adhering to fluid restriction in comparison to 70.8% who had transport and were non- adherent.
 Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study findings are unique to the study site and it’s hoped that it can be used to inform hospital policy makers in addressing adherence challenges in ESRD patients on hemodialysis. The study recommends a holistic study on determinants of adherence to hemodialysis, medication use, dietary, and fluid compliance among patients undergoing HD at MTRH should be conducted in order to produce generalized results.
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Gonçalves, Fernanda Alves Ferreira, Virginia Visconde Brasil, Luana Cássia Miranda Ribeiro, and Anaclara Ferreira Veiga Tipple. "Nursing actions for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia." Acta Paulista de Enfermagem 25, spe1 (2012): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-21002012000800016.
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OBJECTIVE: To identify prevention actions of the nursing team related to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). METHOD: A cross-sectional, observational study conducted in an Intensive Care Unit of a teaching hospital in Goiania/GO. RESULTS: Hand hygiene occurred, mainly, after the procedures and most of care, such as elevating the head-of-bed, bronchial and oral hygiene, diet administration, also handlingmechanical ventilator circuits were not adequate and if experienced groups such as the one in the present study are not following the recommendations emerging from evidence, it may indicate that, for some reason, the learning is not being significant. CONCLUSION: Most recommendedmeasures to reduce VAP related to positioning the head-of-bed, bronchial and oral hygiene, administration of diet and handling mechanical ventilator circuit were not followed.
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Rathnayake, Dimuthu, and Shanti Dalpatadu. "A systematic approach to reduce hospital food waste based on patient experience." British Journal of Healthcare Management 26, no. 10 (2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2019.0100.
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Background/Aims Organisational research has been shown to enhance the quality of hospital diet services. This study investigated methods to reduce food waste in the inpatient facilities of a large teaching hospital in Sri Lanka. Methods A patient experience survey was conducted to assess the quality of hospital diets. A new diet process was formulated and evaluated based on the results. Results Patients were satisfied with the food and food service quality, but preferred to eat homemade food during longer hospital stays. Before the intervention, 55% of breakfast meals, 62% of lunch meals and 57% of dinner meals were wasted. Post-intervention evaluation showed a significant reduction in food waste to less than 4% for all meal types. Conclusions Offering patients the opportunity to express meal preference through the diet ordering process reduced hospital food waste to less than 4% in total.
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Keaver, Laura, Ciara O’Meara, Mohsin Mukhtar, and Catherine McHugh. "Providing Nutrition Care to Patients with Chronic Disease: An Irish Teaching Hospital Healthcare Professional Study." Journal of Biomedical Education 2018 (August 1, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1657624.
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An increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and chronic illness is putting an ever increasing burden on healthcare services and delivery worldwide. Diet contributes significantly to the development of NCDs. Nutrition should therefore be viewed as an important aspect of patient care and be addressed by all healthcare professionals (HCPs). Previous work has highlighted a lack of competency around providing nutrition advice in HCPs; however, positive attitudes towards the importance of nutrition care are well documented in this group. The aim of this study is to document and compare Irish HCPs self-perceived competency towards incorporating nutrition care into practice. The NUTCOMP questionnaire was completed by 206 HCPs in Sligo University Hospital. The findings showed positive attitudes towards the incorporation of nutrition care into HCP practice; however, confidence in knowledge and skills was low, thus missing vital opportunities to prevent and/or treat chronic diseases and improve outcomes in acute illness. Previous nutrition education was associated with greater self-perceived knowledge about and skills in providing nutrition care to patients and positively associated with attitudes towards incorporating nutrition care into practice. HCPs expressed a desire and unmet need for additional and ongoing educational intervention in the area of nutritional intervention.
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Majgi, Sumanth Mallikarjuna, Aiswarya Lakshmi Anitha Sreekumar, Aparna Balagopal, and Nivedha S. "Study on self care and adherence to therapy among diabetic patients at a tertiary care center in Mysore." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 10 (2017): 3903. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20174272.
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Background: Adherence to lifestyle modification and self-care are vital elements in the management of diabetes mellitus and the reason for poor adherence and poor self-care could vary from person to person. The study aimed to assess the level of adherence to therapy, the self-care practices and the barriers preventing adherence among diabetic patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Mysore. Methods: A mixed methods study was conducted among an estimated sample of 150 patients attending a tertiary care teaching hospital in Mysore, Karnataka. Diabetes self-care activities was assessed using modified Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire. An in depth interview was conducted for 20 subjects for understanding the factors contributing to their level of adherence / non-adherence. The quantitative data was analysed with standard statistical methods and qualitative data through content analysis. Results: The adherence to the drugs was found to be 86.6%.The median number of days during which target diet plan was achieved, at least 30 minutes of physical activity undertaken and foot care was 5.5 and 0 respectively. Lack of awareness and socioeconomic barriers were cited by the patients as the barriers preventing adherence to drug therapy, diet and exercise. Conclusions: Lack of awareness of the disease and cost of the pharmacological therapy are potentially modifiable reasons of poor adherence. Health education is to be provided by the healthcare providers focusing on the importance of adherence to drugs, diet and exercise.
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Trigueros, Rubén, Luis A. Mínguez, Jerónimo J. González-Bernal, Maha Jahouh, Raul Soto-Camara, and José M. Aguilar-Parra. "Influence of Teaching Style on Physical Education Adolescents’ Motivation and Health-Related Lifestyle." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (2019): 2594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112594.
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According to various WHO reports in 2018, a large number of adolescents worldwide are either overweight or obese. This situation is the result of not following a healthy and balanced diet, combined with a lack of practice of physical activity. In this sense, Physical Education classes could help to solve the problem. The present study seeks to analyze the relationship between the role of the teacher in relation to the structural dimensions of the PE teaching environment and the basic psychological needs and self-motivation of adolescents as determinants of their behaviors related to eating habits and the practice of physical activity. A total of 1127 secondary school adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 participated in this study. Questionnaires were used: Perceived Autonomy Support Scale, Psychologically Controlling Teaching Scale, Basic Psychological Needs in Physical Education, Frustration of Psychological Needs in PE context, Physical Activity Class Satisfaction Questionnaire, Perceived Locus of Causality Revised, and WHO’s Global school-based student health survey. A structural equations model was elaborated to explain the causal relationships between the variables. The results showed that autonomy support positively predicted the three structural dimensions of PE classes, while, in contrast, they were negatively predicted by psychological control. The three structural dimensions positively predicted the satisfaction of psychological needs and negatively predicted the thwarting of psychological needs. Self-determined motivation was positively predicted by the satisfaction of psychological needs and negatively predicted by the thwarting of psychological needs. Finally, self-determined motivation positively predicted healthy eating habits and the practice of physical activity and negatively predicted unhealthy eating habits. Certainly, the results obtained in this study support the postulates of the self-determination theory, demonstrating the predictability of PE class context towards the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits, such as a proper diet and the regular practice of physical activity.
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Luckman, S., C. Xiao, E. McLennan, AS Anderson, N. Mutrie, and SJ Moug. "An investigation into UK medical students’ knowledge of lifestyle factors on cancer." Scottish Medical Journal 62, no. 3 (2017): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036933017706896.
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Background and aim Lifestyle factor modification (alcohol, smoking, obesity, diet, physical activity) has the potential to reduce cancer incidence and cancer survival. This study assessed the knowledge of lifestyle factors and cancer in undergraduate medical students. Methods and results A total of 218 students (7 UK universities) completed an online survey of nine questions in three areas: knowledge (lifestyle factors and cancer); information sources; clinical practice (witnessed clinical counselling). Diet, alcohol, smoking and physical activity were recognised as lifestyle factors by 98% of responders, while only 69% reported weight. The links of lung cancer/smoking and alcohol/liver cancer were recognised by >90%, while only 10% reported weight or physical activity being linked to any cancer. University teaching on lifestyle factors and cancer was reported by 78%: 34% rating it good/very good. GPs were witnessed giving lifestyle advice by 85% of responders. Conclusions Most respondents were aware of a relationship between lifestyle factors and cancer, mainly as a result of undergraduate teaching. Further work may widen the breadth of knowledge, and potentially improve primary and secondary cancer prevention.
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Shivappa, Nitin, Cristina Bosetti, Antonella Zucchetto, Diego Serraino, Carlo La Vecchia, and James R. Hébert. "Dietary inflammatory index and risk of pancreatic cancer in an Italian case–control study." British Journal of Nutrition 113, no. 2 (2014): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114514003626.
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Previous studies have shown that various dietary components may be implicated in the aetiology of pancreatic cancer. However, the possible relationship between diet-related inflammation and the risk of pancreatic cancer has not yet been investigated. We examined the ability of a newly developed literature-derived dietary inflammatory index (DII) to predict the risk of pancreatic cancer in a case–control study conducted in Italy between 1991 and 2008. This included 326 incident cases and 652 controls admitted to the major teaching and general hospitals for non-neoplastic diseases, frequency-matched to cases by study centre, sex and age. The DII was computed based on dietary intake assessed using a validated and reproducible seventy-eight-item FFQ. Logistic regression models were used to estimate multivariable OR adjusted for age, sex, study centre, education, BMI, smoking status, alcohol drinking and history of diabetes. Energy adjustment was performed using the residual method. Subjects with higher DII scores (i.e. representing a more pro-inflammatory diet) had a higher risk of pancreatic cancer, with the DII being used as both a continuous variable (ORcontinuous 1·24, 95 % CI 1·11, 1·38) and a categorical variable (i.e. compared with the subjects in the lowest quintile of the DII, those in the second, third, fourth and fifth quintiles had, respectively, ORquintile2 v. 1 1·70, 95 % CI 1·02, 2·80; ORquintile3 v. 1 1·91, 95 % CI 1·16, 3·16; ORquintile4 v. 1 1·98, 95 % CI 1·20, 3·27; ORquintile5 v. 1 2·48, 95 % CI 1·50, 4·10; Ptrend= 0·0015). These data suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet increases the risk of pancreatic cancer.
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Fenton, Cagla, Sue Groveman, Claire M. Chee, and A. G. Christina Bergqvist. "Benefits of a Ketogenic Teaching Kitchen." Journal of Child Neurology 34, no. 14 (2019): 886–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073819866607.
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Treatment-resistant epilepsy affects 30% of children with epilepsy and results in significantly reduced quality of life. The ketogenic diets offer a chance for significant seizure reduction and seizure freedom. Compliance is strongly linked to the effectiveness of these treatments. The high-fat and low-carbohydrate content of the ketogenic diets makes creating and cooking palatable meals challenging. Keto centers typically support caretakers with recipes, but do not have a kitchen to provide hands-on education. Hence, our program built a ketogenic kitchen in 2013. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the kitchen on the quality of our education and confidence of caretakers during both initiation and ongoing outpatient support of the ketogenic diets. An anonymous survey of 37 questions was created using Survey Monkey, with a 5-point scale or yes-no responses. Families whose children have been a part of our dietary treatment program from 2014 to 2016, reachable by e-mail, were asked to take the survey. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Seventy-seven families completed our survey. The overall quality of the classes taught by the dietitians improved with the use of the Ketogenic Teaching Kitchen. Hands-on cooking classes enhanced the learning experience, making our new ketogenic diet families noticeably more confident preparing meals at the time of discharge. The Keto Teaching Kitchen has greatly enhanced our dietary treatment program. We believe that all keto centers would benefit from access to a teaching kitchen.
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Lo, Jung-Hua, Yu-Fan Lai, and Tzu-Lun Hsu. "The Study of AR-Based Learning for Natural Science Inquiry Activities in Taiwan’s Elementary School from the Perspective of Sustainable Development." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (2021): 6283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116283.
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Experiential activities are the most direct form of ecological teaching, so outdoor education is an important way of learning. Through direct observation and life experience, students will learn about the ecological environment, understand the importance of the ecological environment, raise their awareness of environmental protection, and put into practice the protection of the ecological environment. This study involved plant teaching activities that incorporated school plant learning paths into environmental education, so that students could learn about flora, experience nature, and take care of the environment. We created an augmented reality application for use in schools that takes the user on an ecological tour of the plants in the diet of butterflies. The application formed the localized and special mobile learning content in a school. Students were allowed to walk out of the classroom and use their mobile device to engage in autonomous learning, and we then determined their acceptance of the augmented reality application. Through this application we were able to tell whether students were able to adapt to learning with technology combined with traditional teaching methods. This application was tested on a group of elementary school students, who were then interviewed using quantitative and qualitative research methods to understand the users’ feedback.
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Sarinauli, Barep, and Isnawi Gayo. "A Case Study: An Analysis Of Bilingual Syllabus Design In Yamuda Bilingual Boarding School In Takengon)." Ta'dib 11, no. 1 (2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54604/tdb.v11i1.11.
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This paper analyzed syllabus designed by second grade teacher of elementary level in Yamuda Bilingual Boarding School Takengon. The data employed were a document which was the syllabus and interview result of the English teacher and principal. This is a qualitative case study which analyzed the data by using coding system. The result shows that the English teacher as the designer of the syllabus perceived her collective-planned syllabus positively because it had met the need of her pupils to master the target language and face globalization. Individually, she has a shallow understanding in constructing an ideal syllabus. She might understand the format but not the crucial aspect of syllabus design. Out of six aspects to be reviewed, there are only five aspects fulfilled by her in the syllabus. Yet she did not insert the local content to the syllabus design. Moreover, the syllabus designer neither gave her students a balance diet of language skills nor language aspects. She missed to describe the method used in teaching and learning process and employed a small number of games. On the other hands, this syllabus is a theme-based syllabus design which do favor for young language learners to pick up foreign language; the teacher had a good time table of assessment in order to see her students’ progress during and after the course. Finally, she also mentioned the teaching objectives which directed her to expand her teaching material.
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Niroula, Samiksha, Rama Subba, and Aarem Karkee. "Diet Pattern and Dyslipidemia Among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Diagnosed More Tthan One Year Visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital." Nepalese Medical Journal 4, no. 1 (2021): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v4i1.37495.
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Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for coronary artery disease, a leading cause of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aims to study the dietary pattern and dyslipidemia of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Materials and Methods: Quantitative study was done to find out the dietary pattern and dyslipidemia of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed for more than one year were included in the study. Results: The percentage of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus was found to be 88.5%. Dyslipidemia was found to be significantly associated (p<0.05) with alcohol consumption, regular dietary management, sedentary behavior, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, and hypertension. Dyslipidemia was also found to be significantly associated (p<0.05) with the dietary habit (vegetarian and non-vegetarian), consumption of cereals and its product, consumption of fruits, consumption of fast foods and street foods, consumption of red meat, and consumption of oilseeds. Conclusions: This study indicates the importance of dietary awareness and lifestyle modification for the management of dyslipidemia among type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Marín-Marín, José-Antonio, Rebeca Soler-Costa, Antonio-José Moreno-Guerrero, and Jesús López-Belmonte. "Effectiveness of Diet Habits and Active Life in Vocational Training for Higher Technician in Dietetics: Contrast between the Traditional Method and the Digital Resources." Nutrients 12, no. 11 (2020): 3475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113475.
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Vocational training of students in diet habits and active lifestyle habits has recently become an important issue, given the health problems caused as a result of a poor diet. The objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of different training actions (traditional method and digital resources) carried out in a program of dietary habits and active lifestyle at the vocational training stage. A quasi-experimental design of the pre-post type was developed. A sample of 177 participants was chosen. The instrument to collect the data was the validated ECHAES questionnaire. The results show that all study groups demonstrated similar averages across all dimensions, except in the digital resource post-test design, where the averages were higher than the rest. There was a significant relationship between the traditional teaching method and the post-test digital resources design in all dimensions. There was also a significant relationship between the pre-test and post-test of the traditional teaching method and the digital resource group in the dimensions. It can be concluded that both the traditional and the innovative method lead to learning in the vocational training student, although the values achieved by the group where the innovative method was adopted were much higher than in the traditional group.
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Tsai, Wan-Chuan, Hon-Yen Wu, Yu-Sen Peng, et al. "Short-Term Effects of Very-Low-Phosphate and Low-Phosphate Diets on Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 in Hemodialysis Patients." Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 14, no. 10 (2019): 1475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.04250419.
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Background and objectivesThe short-term effects of low-phosphate diets on fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) level and the optimal amount of dietary phosphate restriction in patients undergoing hemodialysis remain unknown.Design setting, participants, & measurementsThis was a randomized, active-controlled trial with a crossover design that included 35 adults with ESKD undergoing thrice-weekly hemodialysis and with a serum phosphate level >5.5 mg/dl or between 3.5 and 5.5 mg/dl with regular phosphate binder use at a hemodialysis unit of tertiary teaching hospital in Taiwan. Subjects were randomized 1:1 to receive a very-low-phosphate diet, with a phosphate-to-protein ratio of 8 mg/g, or a low-phosphate diet, with a phosphate-to-protein ratio of 10 mg/g for 2 days, each with a 5-day washout during which subjects adhered to their usual diet. The primary outcome measure was mean difference in change-from-baseline intact FGF23 level between intervention groups. Secondary outcomes included difference in change-from-baseline serum phosphate, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), and C-terminal FGF23 level between intervention groups.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the mean change-from-baseline in intact FGF23 levels between the two study diets. The very-low-phosphate diet significantly lowered serum phosphate (mean difference, 0.6 mg/dl; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.2 to 1.0; P=0.002). There were no significant differences in change-from-baseline intact PTH and C-terminal FGF23 levels between the two study diets.ConclusionsOver the 2-day period, the FGF23-lowering effect of the very-low-phosphate diet is similar to that of the low-phosphate diet. The very-low-phosphate diet has an additional phosphate-lowering effect compared with the low-phosphate diet.
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Ferrer, Robert L., Luz-Myriam Neira, Gualberto L. De Leon Garcia, Kristin Cuellar, and Jasmine Rodriguez. "Primary Care and Food Bank Collaboration to Address Food Insecurity: A Pilot Randomized Trial." Nutrition and Metabolic Insights 12 (January 2019): 117863881986643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178638819866434.
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Food insecurity is common in the United States and linked to poor control of conditions influenced by diet. We conducted a pilot randomized trial to test whether a novel partnership between a primary care practice and a municipal food bank would improve control of type 2 diabetes among patients with food insecurity. Participants received food bank produce delivered twice monthly to the practice site, brief teaching from a food bank dietitian, and home-based education from a community health worker. After 6 months, glycosylated hemoglobin decreased (absolute change) by 3.1% in the intervention group vs 1.7% in the control group ( P = .012). Scores on Starting the Conversation–Diet, a brief dietary measure, improved in the intervention group by 2.47 on a 14-point scale ( P < .001). Body mass indexes (BMIs) were unchanged. In this early-stage study, onsite collaboration between primary care and a regional food bank generated clinically meaningful reductions in HbA1c and improvements in diet.
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Soni, Giriraj Prasad. "A Study to evaluate the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program regarding Prevention of Renal Calculi in Terms of Knowledge and Dietary Pattern of Primary School Teachers of Moodabidri, Dakshina Kannada District." Journal of Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology 1, no. 2 (2016): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10057-0013.
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ABSTRACT Introduction A renal calculus is a painful condition. Renal calculi occur in up to 15% population. The incidence of calculi is 100 to 400 out of 1,00,000 people from a renal calculi every year. Dietary practice of the individuals has a direct influence over the stone formation. Change in dietary habits and lifestyle are suggested to contribute markedly to the rise in the prevalence and incidence of urolithiasis. Materials and methods An evaluative approach with one group pretest design was adopted in order to evaluate effectiveness of planned teaching program on prevention of renal calculi and dietary practice among primary school teachers in Moodbidri. The conceptual framework adopted for the study was based on modified Rosen stocks health belief model. Convenient sampling was used to select the sample for the study. Data collected from the sample were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The final sample size was 70. Results Majority of samples belonged to age group 20 to 30 years (54.28%), female (62.85%), D. Ed. students (64.28%), married (60%), hindu background (62.85%), teaching experience below 10 years (65.71%), source of health-related information by books (48.57%) and mixed diet (61.42%). There was significant difference between pretest and post- test knowledge scores (t69 = 36.46, p < 0.05 significant) There was no significant association between pretest knowledge and selected demographic variables age (x2 = 1.33, p > 0.05), sex (x2 = 0.568, p > 0.05), religion (x2 = 0.843, p > 0.05), diet (x2 = 0.003, p > 0.05). There was a significant difference between pretest and posttest dietary practice scores (t69 = 32.27, p < 0.05, significant). Conclusion The findings of the study show that the planned teaching program was effective in all the areas in improving the knowledge and dietary practice of primary school teachers and, thus, reduced complication. It also helped them to take self responsibility for their own health. How to cite this article Soni GP. A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program Regarding Prevention of Renal Calculi in Terms of Knowledge and Dietary Pattern of Primary School Teachers of Moodabidri, Dakshina Kannada District. J Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci Tech 2016;1(2):55-57.
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Randi, Giorgia, Claudio Pelucchi, Silvano Gallus, et al. "Lipid, protein and carbohydrate intake in relation to body mass index: an Italian study." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 3 (2007): 306–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007226084.
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AbstractObjectiveTo analyse the association between macronutrient intake and body mass index (BMI).DesignA series of hospital-based case–control studies.SettingsSelected teaching and general hospitals in several Italian regions.SubjectsA total of 6619 subjects from the comparison groups of the case–control studies were included in the analysis.MethodsWe obtained data from a validated 78-item food-frequency questionnaire submitted between 1991 and 2002. For various macronutrients, the partial regression coefficient (variation of BMI (kg m− 2) per 100 kcal increment of energy intake) was derived from multiple linear regression models, after allowance for age, study centre, education, smoking habits, number of eating episodes and mutual adjustment for macronutrients.ResultsBMI was directly associated with protein intake among women only (β = 0.68) and with unsaturated fats in both genders (for monounsaturated fats β = 0.27 for men and 0.26 for women; for polyunsaturated fats β = 0.27 for men and 0.54 for women), and inversely related to carbohydrates (β = − 0.05 for men and − 0.21 for women) and number of eating episodes in both genders (β = − 0.42 for men and − 0.61 for women) and to saturated fats among women only (β = − 0.57).ConclusionsThese results confirm and provide convincing evidence that, after allowance for selected covariates including total energy intake, a protein-rich diet is not inversely related to BMI, and a carbohydrate-rich diet is not directly related to BMI.
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López González, Ángel Arturo, Pere Riutord Sbert, Sebastiana Arroyo Bote, Hilda González San Miguel, María del Mar Rigo Vives, and José Ignacio Ramirez Manent. "Determination of Different Cardiovascular Risk Scales in Spanish Teaching Staff: Associated Variables." Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo 67, no. 263 (2022): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.4321/s0465-546x2021000200003.
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Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is currently one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases, affecting nearly 57% of the world’s population, accounting for 32% of deaths worldwide. The aim of the study is to determine the cardiovascular risk of teaching staff.
 Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study carried out on 4,738 teachers from different Spanish geographical areas with a mean age of 41 years. Different variables related to cardiovascular risk are determined, such as overweight and obesity scales, nonalcoholic fatty liver scales, atherogenic indices, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk scales, among others.
 Results: Among the results we highlight a prevalence of hypercholesterolemia of 41%, hyperteriglyceridemia 12.1%, hypertension 15.5%, obesity using BMI 13%, high risk of fatty liver 11.3% and moderate or high SCORE values 11.4%.
 Conclusion: The teaching staff is not free from developing CVD that we can relate to the lack of physical activity and an unhealthy diet that increases the prevalence of obesity and overweight.
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Mathew, Bincy. "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Diet in Pregnancy among Antenatal Mothers." Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research 7, no. 3 (2017): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2349-2996.2017.00069.6.
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Evans, Marion Willard, Gregory Page, Harrison Ndetan, et al. "Are Patients Receiving Health Promotion Advice in the Chiropractic Teaching Clinic Setting?" Journal of Chiropractic Education 25, no. 2 (2011): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7899/1042-5055-25.2.132.
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Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze patient-reported health issues and levels of engagement, discussion of needed lifestyle changes, and goal setting with the patient's intern or staff doctor before and after a brief intervention to increase health-promoting activities in the clinic. Methods: Patient surveys were developed and administered to outpatients before and after a brief intervention aimed at increasing staff and intern engagement with patients on health promotion measures. Patients self-reported areas of need and levels of engagement by their doctor or intern. Data were analyzed as pre- and postintervention independent, cross-sectional samples. Frequencies and chi-square assessments were performed. Results: One hundred twenty-eight preintervention surveys and 162 postintervention surveys were collected. Back pain was the most common reason for being seen in the clinic (60% of patients) and most patients were white. More than 10% were smokers in both samples. Many patients reported poor diet, unhealthy weight, sleep issues, stress, or lack of regular physical activity, but 65% of the preintervention group and 72% of the postintervention group said a needed lifestyle change was discussed. Goals were set for 74% of the preintervention group and 84% of the postintervention group (p = .04). Information on lifestyle change was received by 52% of preintervention patients and 62% of postintervention patients and most were satisfied with this information. Goal setting was more common when a lifestyle change was discussed. Written information that was related to physical activity, for example, increased 350% (p &lt; .0001). Conclusion: There are many opportunities for discussing needed lifestyle changes with patients. Patients self-report health behavioral issues related to physical activity, unhealthy weight, diet, stress, and sleep. More can be done in this area by this clinic, but initial assessments of impact from a brief intervention seem to have increased some levels of engagement by interns.
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Kandala, Vinod Kumar. "A cross sectional hospital based study of assessment of clinical and biochemical parameters of acute pancreatitis." MedPulse International Journal of Medicine 11, no. 2 (2021): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26611/102111216.
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Background: Pancreatitis defined as the inflammation of the pancreas and is always, associated with acinar cell injury.(Singer et al) Acute pancreatitis is clinically characterized by acute onset of abdominal pain and a rise in the activity of pancreatic enzymes in the blood and urine.1 Most attacks have a benign course but severe attacks may lead to shock,renal failure, respiratory failure and death. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study hospital based carried out among 60 indoor cases of acute pancreatitis admitted under department of general medicine in a tertiary healthcare teaching institute in Telangana during February 2018 to April 2018. All the cases of suspected acute pancreatitis admitted under department of general medicine in a tertiary healthcare institute, and fulfils the set inclusion criteria, who consented to participate in the study were included in the present study. Results: In this study it was observed that 51.66% patients had a history of chronic alcoholism, 23.33% patients had history of smoking. It was found that 61.66% of study participants were having mixed pattern of diet, while 28.33% study participants were having strict vegetarian pattern of diet (Table 3). Conclusion: Early assessment of severity and intensive care management of acute pancreatitisis of paramount importance. Lab markers especially high values of lipase and other markers could be important prognostic markers for predicting morbidity and mortality in acute pancreatitis.
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Abdellatif, Ghada A., Azza M. Hassan, Mohamed S. Gabal, Samia A. Hemeda, Nada H. El-Chami, and Iman I. Salama. "Mild Cognitive Impairment among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending University Teaching Hospital." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, E (2020): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4245.
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BACKGROUND: Type II diabetes mellitus (TIIDM) has been associated with structural and functional changes in the brain. TIIDM is commonly associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, all of which can have negative impact on brain.
 AIM: The aim of the study was to study the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among both diabetics and non-diabetics and to identify risk factors to MCI among both groups.
 METHODS: Two comparative cross-sectional studies were carried out enrolling 100 diabetics and 100 age, sex, and education matching non-diabetics. Cognitive function was assessed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test and risk factors for MCI were assessed.
 RESULTS: The subjective complaint of memory impairment among diabetics was significantly higher (34%) compared to non-diabetics (13.0%), p < 0.05. The mean of objective MoCA score was significantly lower among diabetics (25.9 ± 2.5) compared to non-diabetics (27.4 ± 2.4), p < 0.001. The rate of MCI was significantly higher among TIIDM patients (22%) compared to non-diabetics (9%), p < 0.01 and odds ratio (OR) 2.8 (95% confidence interval 1.2–6.5). Among the two studied groups, the rate of MCI was significantly higher among those aged over 50 years compared to younger age as well as among hypertensive compared to non-hypertensive persons, (p < 0.05). Among diabetics, the MCI was significantly higher among those with secondary education, having heart diseases, longer duration of DM, or repeated hypoglycemia attack, p < 0.05. A healthy diet, brain training, and social activities were found to be significantly associated with normal cognition. Logistic analysis revealed that diabetics aged above 50 was the only significant predicting factor for MCI with an OR 2.9 (95% CI: 3.8–123.3), p < 0.001.
 CONCLUSION: TIIDM is significantly associated with 3-times increasing risk of having MCI compared to non-diabetics. The age, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, duration of diabetes, and frequency of hypoglycemic episodes are risk factors for cognitive impairment. A healthy diet, brain training, and social activities were associated with better cognitive function.
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Rossi, Marta, Eva Negri, Cristina Bosetti, et al. "Mediterranean diet in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio." Public Health Nutrition 11, no. 2 (2008): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007000833.
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AbstractObjectiveThe Mediterranean diet is rich in fat and starch, and hence may be related to overweight. We therefore investigated the relationship between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR).Design and settingData were obtained from the control group of a network of case–control studies on cancer conducted in major teaching and general hospitals in four Italian areas between 1991 and 2002. An interviewer-administered validated 78-item food-frequency questionnaire was used to obtain information on the subjects’ habitual diet. Information on socio-economic factors, lifestyle habits and anthropometric measures was also collected. A Mediterranean diet score (MDS) was derived on the basis of eight characteristics of the Mediterranean diet.SubjectsSubjects were 6619 patients (3090 men, 3529 women) admitted to hospital for a wide spectrum of acute, non-neoplastic conditions, unrelated to known risk factors for cancer and long-term modifications of diet.ResultsIn multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, study centre, education, tobacco smoking, occupational physical activity and total energy intake, the MDS was not related to BMI (β = 0.05 for men and −0.04 for women) or WHR (β = 0.000 and 0.001, respectively) in both sexes.ConclusionsAdherence to the major characteristics of the Mediterranean diet is unrelated to BMI and WHR, confirming previous data from Greece and Spain.
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Xie, Jessica Ying-Yi, Shoba Poduval, Victoria Vickerstaff, and Sophie Park. "Cross-sectional questionnaire study to gather the teaching preferences and expectations of UK undergraduate medical students for culinary medicine learning." BMJ Open 10, no. 10 (2020): e036410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036410.
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AimTo determine undergraduate medical students’ teaching preferences and expectations for Culinary Medicine (CM) learning with a view to informing development of a CM course at a UK medical school.SettingA single, urban UK medical school.Participants180 undergraduate medical students.Study designA cross-sectional questionnaire study collecting quantitative and qualitative (free-text) data.Methods and outcome measuresAn online questionnaire consisting of 16 questions of various styles (Likert-type, multiple choice and free-text). Quantitative analysis of multiple choice and Likert-type scale questions was conducted. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to analyse the free-text responses and identify themes.ResultsThree core themes related to students’ understanding of CM were identified: (1) ‘CM Learning’: students’ perceived relevance of CM knowledge, perceived relevance of CM to healthcare and their expectations for teaching; (2) ‘The Relationship between Food and Health’: links between diet, social factors and health; and (3) ‘Evidence-based Medicine’: students’ perceptions about scientific principles underlying CM. Quantitative analysis revealed that, although 83% of students felt that learning CM is important for their future clinical practice, 56% felt unable to take a dietary history. 73% of students were dissatisfied with the quality, and 78% were dissatisfied with the quantity, of existing medical school teaching understood to be relevant to CM. Topics that students would like to be taught on a CM course included weight management and portion control. Students felt that problem-based style learning would be the most appropriate method for delivering CM teaching.ConclusionsThis study revealed that medical students felt their dietary counsulting skills could be improved with further clinically relevant teaching in the undergraduate medical curriculum. Students’ preferences for CM learning have been taken into consideration in the development of a CM course for fifth-year undergraduate students at a UK medical school, which is delivered during their General Practice placement.
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Sakre*, Mohin M., Swati I. A., Syed Mustafa Al Hussaini, and Sana Nizami. "A cross sectional study on prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among the non-teaching staff of KBNIMS, Kalaburgi, Karnataka, India." International Journal of Bioassays 5, no. 07 (2016): 4699. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2016.07.007.
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High blood pressure is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for CVS diseases. It is an extremely common finding in the community and the risk factor for MI, Stroke, end stage renal disease and peripheral vascular disease. To study the prevalence of Hypertension and its associated risk factors in the non-teaching staff of Khaja Bandanawaz Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburgi. A cross sectional study was conducted on the prevalence of hypertension among the non-teaching staff of Khaja Bandanawaz Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburgi, Karnataka from 26/07/2015 to 20/09/2015. Data was collected regarding their age, sex, smoking and alcohol consumption, smokeless tobacco usage, lifestyle, occupation, type of diet and family history. The age of the non-teaching staff was in the range of 25 to 60 years with 63% males and 37% females. Prevalence of Hypertension was 25%. A majority of 40% belonged to the age group of above 50 years. Maximum prevalence of Hypertension was found among the watchmen (50%). Hypertension was more prevalent among alcohol consumers (83%) followed by smokers (53%), smokeless tobacco users (49%), subjects living a sedentary lifestyle (41%) and study subjects who had a mixed die (27%). A statistically significant association was found between hypertension and smoking, alcohol consumption, life style and smokeless tobacco intake. The prevalence of Hypertension was 25% with many contributing factors. The results show the need for special programs for high risk groups.
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Surriah, Mohammed Hillu, Amine Mohammed Bakkour, and Nidaa Ali Abdul Hussain. "Risk factors and surgical management of sigmoid volvulus among patients attending Al-Karama Teaching Hospital of Iraq." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 3 (2019): 862. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20190468.
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Background: Sigmoid volvulus is defined as torsion of the sigmoid colon around its mesenteric axis, which leads to acute large intestine obstruction, which, if left untreated, often results in life-threatening complications, such as bowel ischemia, gangrene and perforation. The aim of this study was to analyse sigmoid colon volvulus when its presented as a surgical emergency.Methods: This was a prospective study of 25 patients presented with the features of strangulated sigmoid colon volvulus to Al-Karama Teaching Hospital (surgical casualty) from March 2014 to March 2018. Eighteen patients (72%) were males and seven patients (28%) were females. The age of the patients ranged from 20-70 years. The main risk factor was chronic constipation, laxative dependency and high fiber diet. The main presenting symptoms and signs were absolute constipation, generalized abdominal distension, tenderness, tachycardia and fever. The patients were investigated by plain abdominal X-ray and haematological investigations.Results: Among the 25 patients, 13 had distended gangrenous sigmoid colon volvulus, 9 out of the remaining 12 patients were discovered to have distended non-gangrenous sigmoid colon volvulus of the rest 3 patients, 2 were found to have Ileo-sigmoid knotting and the last patient had a perforated gangrenous sigmoid colon volvulus. Four patients developed postoperative complications and one patient died.Conclusions: Volvulus of the sigmoid colon is more predominant in males. Middle age individuals seem to be the most affected group by sigmoid colon volvulus. Majority of patients with sigmoid colon volvulus have history of chronic constipation, laxative dependency and high fiber diet.
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Padwal, Rajesh Vikram, and Archana R. Dhanawade. "A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program on knowledge regarding diet for 3–5 year old children among mother." International Journal of Nursing Education 10, no. 4 (2018): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-9357.2018.00111.3.
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Park, Eun-Ok, Eun-Joo Lee, Jeong-Hee Yeo, Jeong-Hee Kim, Hyo-Jeong Song, and Mi-Yeul Hyun. "A survey on the demand for home care nursing of the patients who were discharged from one hospital." Journal of Medicine and Life Science 4, no. 1 (2006): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22730/jmls.2006.4.1.41.
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This study was done in order to investigate home care nursing need of patients who were discharged from one hospital. Data were collected from 155 patients in J hospital in J city from Jan 19, 2006 to Feb 10, 2006.The results of this study as follows;1. 61.3% of subjects replied that they would like to use home care nursing service if hospital provides. Comfort was answered as the first reason to use the service.2. The area which showed the highest need was ’teaching and training', followed by 'patient assessment and basic nursing', 'counseling and referring'.3. The service which showed the highest need was 'vital sign check’, followed by 'observation and assessment of health status', 'diet teaching', and 'counseling about patient' status'.4. There was no significant difference in need of home care nursing between groups by age. gender, income, disease, and so on.
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Baral, Jijeebisha, Khem Bahadur Karki, Pratibha Thapa, et al. "Adherence to Dietary Recommendation and Its Associated Factors among People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in Nepal." Journal of Diabetes Research 2022 (October 21, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6136059.
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Introduction. Intensive lifestyle modification including a healthy diet changes the diagnostic status of patient from prediabetes to nondiabetes. In type 2 diabetes, improper eating habits increase insulin resistance. This study is aimed at assessing adherence to the dietary recommendation and its associated factors among people with type 2 diabetes. Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among systematically sampled type 2 diabetic patients using interview on Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Diabetes, Thyroid, and Endocrinology Care Center, Pokhara. The Perceived Dietary Adherence Questionnaire was used to assess dietary adherence. Data was entered in EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed on SPSS version 20. Logistic regression with adjusted odds ratio and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to find out significance of association. Results. Among 204 participants, only 15.7% of the participants had good dietary adherence. The mean age and standard deviation were 53.03 ± 11.90 years. Factors such as participants living in single family (AOR 2.7, 95% CI 1.0-7.4), participants who could afford recommended diet (AOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.0-8.3), participants having self-control on food (AOR 4.1, 95% CI 1.2-14.1), participants who were engaged in moderate to heavy physical activities (AOR 3.3, 95% CI 1.2-9.2), and participants who had adherence to medication (AOR 3.5, 95% CI 1.2-10.1) were significantly associated with adherence to dietary recommendation. Conclusions. Adherence to dietary recommendation among people with type 2 diabetes was low. Factors such as family type, affordability of recommended diet, self-control on food, physical activity, and medication adherence were significantly associated with adherence to dietary recommendations among people with type 2 diabetes. These factors should be considered by nutrition counselors and clinical decision-makers in patient counseling regarding dietary adherence.
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Dawood Al-Marsuomy, Aseel Mubdir, and Mustafa Mohammed Subhi Fadhel. "Comparative Study for the Early Detection of the most Important Factors Leading to Preeclampsia." Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences 27, no. 127 (2021): 265–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v27i127.2150.
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 The aim of this research is to determine the most important and main factors that lead to Preeclampsia. It is also about finding suitable solutions to eradicate these factors and avoid them in order to prevent getting Preeclampsia. To achieve this, a case study sample of (40) patients from Medical City - Oncology Teaching Hospital was used to collect data by a questionnaire which contained (17) reasons to be investigated. The statistical package (SPSS) was used to compare the results of the data analysis through two methods (Radial Bases Function Network) and (Factorial Analysis). Important results were obtained, the two methods determined the same factors that could represent the direct reason which causes Preeclampsia. But the first method of analysis was more precise and accurate in identifying these factors. Concerning both methods, the focus was on the factors of (following a good nutritious diet, a dysfunction in the placenta, and suffer from high blood press before pregnancy) had a major effect on their potential susceptibility to Preeclampsia.
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Bassi, Shalini, Deepika Bahl, Melissa Blythe Harrell, et al. "Knowledge, attitude, and behaviours on diet, physical activity, and tobacco use among school students: A cross-sectional study in two Indian states." F1000Research 10 (July 7, 2021): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.51136.1.
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Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are escalating in India and can be attributed to behavioural risk factors such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and tobacco use that began in early years. Understanding adolescents’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviours (KAB) related to NCD risk factors would inform the development of school-based health programmes to prevent NCDs. Methods: Sixth-grade students (n=1026) in 20 schools (10 private, 10 public) from two Indian cities (n=667 from Pune; n=359 from Bengaluru) participated in a KAB survey in 2019. Differences in KAB by gender, school type within cities were investigated. Results: Knowledge about the harms of tobacco use was higher than knowledge about a healthy diet and the importance of physical activity. Only a small proportion of students did not eat breakfast (8.7%) or fruits (11.3%) daily. Only 33.4% of students read nutrition labels before choosing their food. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of less than an hour per day was reported by 42.5% of students. Approximately one-third of students had ever tried smoking tobacco (30.1%), smokeless tobacco (30.5%), and e-cigarettes (32.4%). Differences in these behaviours by gender and school type showed that both boys, girls and students of private and public schools are vulnerable. Conclusions: The findings highlight that knowledge is low for thematic areas like diet and physical activity. Low knowledge can be attributed to unfavourable behaviours like lack of reading nutrition labels and indulgence in sedentary activities. To protect India’s young population (adolescents), there is a need to amplify health education activities and context-specific health intervention materials for them by engaging parents and communities. Thus, these programmes should be incorporated into the curriculum as part of the regular teaching, as they may induce positive changes in their knowledge and behaviours. In India, school health programmes should dedicate significant time to health promotion and NCD risk prevention.
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Sinha, Sharmila, and Tejus A. "Adherence to treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving multiple drug therapy." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 6 (2019): 2084. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20192156.
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Background: objective of the study was to evaluate adherence to therapy and factors associated with non-adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on multiple drug therapy.Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, questionnaire based study conducted on 100 type 2 DM patients in a tertiary teaching hospital. They were interviewed using self-designed, semi-structured questionnaire to assess adherence to medication and diet/exercise schedule. Morisky medication adherence questionnaire was used to calculate overall adherence.Results: 71%patients had some co-morbidity and were on multiple medications. Average daily modifications taken by patients was 4.1±2.23 (mean+SD). Only 47% patients were found adherent. Illiteracy (11%), Language (10%), complicated dosages (8%), adverse drug events (6%), heavy outpatient load (6%), psychological illness (6%), and financial (4%) were common reasons for non-adherence. Surprisingly, total number of medicines prescribed did not interfere with adherence.58% patients were aware of the importance of medication, diet and exercise but 42% patients were not aware of the consequences of non-adherence. 65% patients adhered to diet control and 43% patients followed exercise schedule.Conclusions: 53% of type 2 DM patients on multi-drug therapy were not adhering to prescribed medication making it a major hurdle to its management. The most important cause of non adherence were not comprehending instructions due to various reasons like illiteracy, language issues, complicated schedules and less doctor-patient interaction due to heavy OPDs. Also 42% of the patients were not aware of the consequences of non adherence to therapy, diet and exercise. Hence, a multidimensional approach with adequate medication and emphasis on adherence to prescribed medication, diet and exercise schedule requires implemented. Health professionals can play a major role in improving adherence by increasing interaction with patients.
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Dawood, Muntadher H., and Mustafa M. Al-Yassiry. "Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Administration on Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure in Pre-Hypertensive Patients." NeuroQuantology 19, no. 8 (2021): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2021.19.8.nq21109.
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This study has assessed the effect of coenzyme Q10 among patients with systolic and diastolic blood pressure of prehypertensive of 50 participants including 30 males and 20 females were selected for this research according to their clinical diagnosis of prehypertensive symptoms, the study was placed in were seen in Al-Sader Teaching Hospital, in Misan hospital, IRAQ. The patients were divided by half into the control group and the other group which received the Q10 within their diet and lifestyle for 12 weeks. The results showed that the daily consumption of coenzyme q10 (200mg) with significant improvements in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in prehypertensive patients.
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Abdul-Jabbar, Maha Amer, and Dheyaa J. Kadhim. "Adherence to Different Treatment Modalities among Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512) 31, no. 1 (2022): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol31iss1pp95-101.
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End Stage Renal Disease is a well-known global public health problem. Maintenance hemodialysis is considered a life-saving treatment for patients with such disease. This treatment method that requires patients to be adherent to hemodialysis attendance, dietary and fluid recommendations as well as adherence to prescribed medications to ensure success. The aim of the current study was to assess adherence, perception, and counseling among hemodialysis patients to different modalities of treatment (fluid restriction, dietary recommendations, medications, and hemodialysis schedules). A cross-sectional study carried out on hemodialysis patients who attended to the dialysis centers at al- Karama teaching hospital and Madinat Al- Imamain Al- Kadhimain teaching hospital. The Arabic version of the “ end stage renal disease-adherence questionnaire ” was used in assessing adherence, perception, and counseling. The number of recruited patients were 200 adult patients (113 men and 87 women). The average of the total adherence score lies within the moderate adherence (984.9 ±174.2). Patients adherence to the hemodialysis session was good as representing by high scores of adherence for (hemodialysis-attendance, episode of hemodialysis-shortening and duration of hemodialysis-shortening) while the lowest adherence score (126.0 out of 200) was for following the fluid restriction. In terms of adherence categories, the majority (61%) of the patients had good adherence, 33.0% had moderate adherence with 6% had poor adherence. Age had significant positive association with the total adherence score. All patients perceived their hemodialysis management as highly/very important. On the other hand, some patients perceived their adherence to the recommended diet as moderately (7%) or less important (7%). Regarding the frequency of counseling received by patients for different treatment modalities. The negative answers represented 58.5% of answers about the how important is to follow a proper diet, and 25.0% of answers about the importance of taking prescribed medications as ordered. Accordingly, the overall adherence of hemodialysis patients to different treatment modalities was less than optimum with fluid and diet adherence representing most challenging tasks in the health care of hemodialysis patients.