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Journal articles on the topic 'Dietary compounds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Banikazemi, Zarrin, Hemat Aghagolzadeh Haji, Mohsen Mohammadi, Gholamreza Taheripak, Elmira Iranifar, Mohsen Poursadeghiyan, Abdullah Moridikia, Bahman Rashidi, Mohsen Taghizadeh, and Hamed Mirzaei. "Diet and cancer prevention: Dietary compounds, dietary MicroRNAs, and dietary exosomes." Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 119, no. 1 (October 4, 2017): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.26244.

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2

Kuhnle, G. G. C., and S. A. Bingham. "Dietary meat, endogenous nitrosation and colorectal cancer." Biochemical Society Transactions 35, no. 5 (October 25, 2007): 1355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0351355.

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Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in developed countries such as the U.K., but incidence rates around the world vary approx. 20-fold. Diet is thought to be a key factor determining risk: red and processed meat, but not white meat or fish, are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. The endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds is a possible explanation because red and processed meat, but not white meat or fish, cause a dose-dependent increase in faecal ATNCs (apparent total N-nitroso compounds) and the formation of nitroso-compound-specific DNA adducts in humans. Red meat is particularly rich in haem which has been found to promote the endogenous formation of ATNC. Nitrosyl haem and nitroso thiols have been identified as major constituents of both faecal and ileal ATNC with a significant increase in the formation of these compounds following a diet rich in red meat. In vitro incubations show that, under simulated gastric conditions, nitroso thiols are the main species of nitroso compound formed, suggesting that acid-catalysed thionitrosation is the initial step in the endogenous formation of nitroso compounds. Nitrosyl haem and other nitroso compounds can then form under the alkaline and reductive conditions of the small and large bowel.

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3

Smith, Annalise, and Samita Andreansky. "Antitumor Immunity and Dietary Compounds." Medical Sciences 2, no. 1 (December 27, 2013): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medsci2010001.

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4

Lapčík, O. "Endocrinological aspects of dietary habits." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 22, No. 1 (November 16, 2011): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3404-cjfs.

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Dietary habits reflect both the recent economic possibilities and the cultural history of individual human populations. They may influence endocrine systems and thus affect the health of the respective populations in several manners: (1) People consuming exclusively local products may lack certain micronutrients. This is important especially in areas with low levels of iodine and/or selenium in the environment. Thyroid gland insufficiency resulting from the iodine deficiency was widespread in many areas of Central Europe until the introduction of iodine supplementation in the second half of 20<sup><sup>th</sup> </sup>century. Iodine deficiency is still a serious problem in many areas of Africa and Asia. (2) Numerous cultural plants contain compounds able to influence important metabolic pathways. Iodine deficiency is usually worsened by thyroidal peroxidase inhibitors, so-called goitrogens. Phenolic and terpenoid compounds may interfere in the metabolism of steroid hormones. Glycyrrhetinic acid from licorice is a potent inhibitor of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Isoflavonoids from legumes (e.g. genistein and daidzein) and their metabolites (e.g. equol) were found to inhibit the following enzymes: aromatase, 5alfa-reductase, 7alfa-hydroxylase, 3beta-hydroxysteroid and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, etc. Isoflavonoid sulphates influence local availability of steroids by inhibiting sterol sulphatases. (3) Plant-derived compounds are able to interact with nuclear receptors and act either as hormone agonists or as antagonists. Recently, the attention has been paid namely to the phenolic substances interacting with oestrogen receptors so-called phyto-oestrogens.  

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Hughes, Claude L., and Tilak R. Dhiman. "Dietary Compounds in Relation to Dietary Diversity and Human Health." Journal of Medicinal Food 5, no. 2 (June 2002): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/109662002760178131.

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6

Noh, Choi, Hwang, Jung, Kim, and Kim. "Dietary Compounds for Targeting Prostate Cancer." Nutrients 11, no. 10 (October 8, 2019): 2401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11102401.

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Prostate cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, and the burden of the disease is increased. Although several chemotherapies have been used, concerns about the side effects have been raised, and development of alternative therapy is inevitable. The purpose of this study is to prove the efficacy of dietary substances as a source of anti-tumor drugs by identifying their carcinostatic activities in specific pathological mechanisms. According to numerous studies, dietary substances were effective through following five mechanisms; apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis, anti-metastasis, microRNA (miRNA) regulation, and anti-multi-drug-resistance (MDR). About seventy dietary substances showed the anti-prostate cancer activities. Most of the substances induced the apoptosis, especially acting on the mechanism of caspase and poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage. These findings support that dietary compounds have potential to be used as anticancer agents as both food supplements and direct clinical drugs.

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7

Langner, Ewa, and Wojciech Rzeski. "Dietary derived compounds in cancer chemoprevention." Współczesna Onkologia 5 (2012): 394–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/wo.2012.31767.

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8

Williamson, Gary, Andrea J. Day, Geoff W. Plumb, and Delphine Couteau. "Human metabolism of dietary chemopreventive compounds." Biochemical Society Transactions 28, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): A7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst028a007b.

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9

Vitaglione, Paola, Filomena Morisco, Nicola Caporaso, and Vincenzo Fogliano. "Dietary Antioxidant Compounds and Liver Health." Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 44, no. 7-8 (February 10, 2005): 575–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408690490911701.

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10

Tako, Elad. "Dietary Plant-Origin Bio-Active Compounds, Intestinal Functionality, and Microbiome." Nutrients 12, no. 11 (October 22, 2020): 3223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113223.

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In recent years, plant-origin bio-active compounds in foods (staple crops, fruit, vegetables, and others) have been gaining interest, and processes to consider them for public health recommendations are being presented and discussed in the literature. However, at times, it may be challenging to demonstrate causality, and there often is not a single compound–single effect relationship. Furthermore, it was suggested that health benefits may be due to metabolites produced by the host or gut microbiome rather than the food constituent per se. Over the years, compounds that were investigated were shown to increase gut microbial diversity, improve endothelial function, improve cognitive function, reduce bone loss, and many others. More recently, an additional and significant body of evidence further demonstrated the nutritional role and potential effects that plant-origin bio-active compounds might have on intestinal functionality (specifically the duodenal brush border membrane, morphology, and the abundance of health-promoting bacterial populations). Hence, the special issue “Dietary Plant-Origin Bio-Active Compounds, Intestinal Functionality, and Microbiome” comprises 11 peer-reviewed papers on the most recent evidence regarding the potential dietary intake and effects of plant-origin bio-active compounds on intestinal functionality, primarily in the context of brush border functional proteins (enzymes and transporters), mineral (and other nutrients) dietary bioavailability, and the intestinal microbiome. Original contributions and literature reviews further demonstrated the potential dietary relevance that plant bio-active compounds hold in human health and development. This editorial provides a brief and concise overview that addresses and summarizes the content of the Dietary Plant-Origin Bio-Active Compounds, Intestinal Functionality, and Microbiome special issue.

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11

Costea, Teodora, Ariana Hudiță, Oana-Alina Ciolac, Bianca Gălățeanu, Octav Ginghină, Marieta Costache, Constanța Ganea, and Maria-Magdalena Mocanu. "Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer by Dietary Compounds." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 12 (November 28, 2018): 3787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123787.

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Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of death, and the third most diagnosed type of cancer, worldwide. It is most common amongst men and women over 50 years old. Risk factors include smoking, alcohol, diet, physical inactivity, genetics, alterations in gut microbiota, and associated pathologies (diabetes, obesity, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases). This review will discuss, in detail, the chemopreventive properties of some dietary compounds (phenolic compounds, carotenoids, iridoids, nitrogen compounds, organosulfur compounds, phytosterols, essential oil compounds, polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber) against colorectal cancer. We present recent data, focusing on in vitro, laboratory animals and clinical trials with the previously mentioned compounds. The chemopreventive properties of the dietary compounds involve multiple molecular and biochemical mechanisms of action, such as inhibition of cell growth, inhibition of tumor initiation, inhibition of adhesion, migration and angiogenesis, apoptosis, interaction with gut microbiota, regulation of cellular signal transduction pathways and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, etc. Moreover, this review will also focus on the natural dietary compounds’ bioavailability, their synergistic protective effect, as well as the association with conventional therapy. Dietary natural compounds play a major role in colorectal chemoprevention and continuous research in this field is needed.

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12

Hudson, Amy, Elizabeth Lopez, Ahmad J. Almalki, Amy L. Roe, and Angela I. Calderón. "A Review of the Toxicity of Compounds Found in Herbal Dietary Supplements." Planta Medica 84, no. 09/10 (April 19, 2018): 613–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0605-3786.

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AbstractUse of herbal dietary supplements by the public is common and has been happening for centuries. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration has a limited scope of regulation over marketed herbal dietary supplements, which may contain toxic botanical compounds that pose a public health risk. While the Food and Drug Administration has made efforts to prohibit the sale of unsafe herbal dietary supplements, numerous reports have proliferated of adverse events due to these supplements. This literature review investigates bioactive plant compounds commonly used in herbal dietary supplements and their relative toxicities. Using primarily the National Library of Medicine journal database and SciFinder for current reports, 47 toxic compounds in 55 species from 46 plant families were found to demonstrate harmful effects due to hepatic, cardiovascular, central nervous system, and digestive system toxicity. This review further contributes a novel and comprehensive view of toxicity across the botanical dietary market, and investigates the toxicity of the top ten botanical dietary supplements purchased in the United States of America to gauge the exposure risk of toxicity to the public. The criteria of measuring toxicity in this review (plant compound, family, quantity, and toxicity effects) across the entire market in the United States, with special attention to those supplements whose exposure to the consumer is maximal, provides a unique contribution to the investigation of botanical supplements.

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13

Lucia, Padalino, Conte Amalia, Lecce Lucia, Likyova Desislava, Sicari Vincenzo, Pellicanò Teresa Maria, Poiana Marco, and Nobile Matteo Alessandro Del. "Functional pasta with tomato by-product as a source of antioxidant compounds and dietary fibre." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 35, No. 1 (March 3, 2017): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/171/2016-cjfs.

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Tomato peels are abundant by-products of tomato processing and therefore represent a cost of disposal and an impact on the environment. For this reason, the aim of the present study was to valorise tomato peels to enrich pasta, being these ingredients still rich in antioxidants like carotenoids that are well-known to protect against degenerative diseases. To the aim of the work, in the first step, tomato peel flour was added to wholemeal flour in different amounts until the overall quality of cooked pasta reached its acceptability threshold (tomato peel flour at 15% w/w of semolina weight). Even though the pasta enriched with tomato peels showed high levels of carotenoids and dietary fibre, lower sensory scores for elasticity, odour, and firmness were recorded than in the control. Therefore, the second step was aimed to improve the sensory quality of the 15% enriched spaghetti by means of proper addition of hydrocolloids. Final results confirmed the ability of the structuring agents to enhance adhesiveness and bulkiness of pasta, without compromising other physical and chemical properties.

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14

Sliva, Daniel. "Suppression of Cancer Invasiveness by Dietary Compounds." Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 8, no. 7 (June 1, 2008): 677–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955708784567412.

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15

S. Vadodkar, Aditi, Suman Suman, Rajkumar Lakshmanaswamy, and Chendil Damodaran. "Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Dietary Compounds." Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 12, no. 10 (November 1, 2012): 1185–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152012803833008.

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16

Crozier, Alan, Daniele Del Rio, and Michael N. Clifford. "Bioavailability of dietary flavonoids and phenolic compounds." Molecular Aspects of Medicine 31, no. 6 (December 2010): 446–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2010.09.007.

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17

Gil, Ricardo Rueda, Angel. "Influence of Dietary Compounds on Intestinal Immunity." Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease 12, no. 2 (January 2000): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/089106000750060404.

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18

Zhou, Shi-Sheng, Yi-Ming Zhou, Da Li, and Yong-Zhi Lun. "Dietary methyl-consuming compounds and metabolic syndrome." Hypertension Research 34, no. 12 (August 4, 2011): 1239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hr.2011.133.

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19

Liu, Rui Hai. "Dietary Bioactive Compounds and Their Health Implications." Journal of Food Science 78, s1 (June 2013): A18—A25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12101.

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20

Chen, Chi, and A. N. Tony Kong. "Dietary chemopreventive compounds and ARE/EpRE signaling." Free Radical Biology and Medicine 36, no. 12 (June 2004): 1505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.03.015.

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21

Cassidy, Aedin. "Dietary Phytoestrogens and Bone Health." British Menopause Society Journal 9, no. 1 (March 2003): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136218070300900107.

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The role of soy phytoestrogens in preserving bone health has to date not been studied in large randomised controlled studies. These bioactive naturally occurring compounds are viewed as potential selective oestrogen receptor modulators based on their structural similarity to oestradiol, in vitro mechanisms of action and hormonal effects in human subjects. Much of the evidence for a role in bone health has stemmed from animal data, as most of the available human studies are of short duration and have used either bone biomarkers or bone mineral density as end point measures. However, recent data from a long-term study suggest these compounds have a bone conserving effect in menopausal women but to accurately examine the relative importance of these compounds for bone health in postmenopausal women an assessment of consumption on fracture rates will be critical.

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22

Krochmal, Robert, Mary Hardy, Susan Bowerman, Qing-Yi Lu, H.-J. Wang, RM Elashoff, and David Heber. "Phytochemical Assays of Commercial Botanical Dietary Supplements." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 1, no. 3 (2004): 305–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neh040.

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The growing popularity of botanical dietary supplements (BDS) has been accompanied by concerns regarding the quality of commercial products. Health care providers, in particular, have an interest in knowing about product quality, in view of the issues related to herb-drug interactions and potential side effects. This study assessed whether commercial formulations of saw palmetto, kava kava, echinacea, ginseng and St. John's wort had consistent labeling and whether quantities of marker compounds agreed with the amounts stated on the label. We purchased six bottles each of two lots of supplements from nine manufacturers and analyzed the contents using established commercial methodologies at an independent laboratory. Product labels were found to vary in the information provided, such as serving recommendations and information about the herb itself (species, part of the plant, marker compound, etc.) With regard to marker compound content, little variability was observed between different lots of the same brand, while the content did vary widely between brands (e.g. total phenolic compounds in Echinacea ranged from 3.9–15.3 mg per serving; total ginsenosides in ginseng ranged from 5.3–18.2 mg per serving). Further, the amounts recommended for daily use also differed between brands, increasing the potential range of a consumer's daily dose. Echinacea and ginseng were the most variable, while St. John's wort and saw palmetto were the least variable. This study highlights some of the key issues in the botanical supplement market, including the importance of standardized manufacturing practices and reliable labeling information. In addition, health care providers should keep themselves informed regarding product quality in order to be able to appropriately advise patients utilizing both conventional and herbal medicines.

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23

González, Sonia. "Dietary Bioactive Compounds and Human Health and Disease." Nutrients 12, no. 2 (January 29, 2020): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020348.

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24

Siwang Yu and Ah-Ng Kong. "Targeting Carcinogen Metabolism by Dietary Cancer Preventive Compounds." Current Cancer Drug Targets 7, no. 5 (August 1, 2007): 416–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156800907781386669.

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25

Brockhoff, A., M. Behrens, N. Roudnitzky, G. Appendino, C. Avonto, and W. Meyerhof. "Receptor Agonism and Antagonism of Dietary Bitter Compounds." Journal of Neuroscience 31, no. 41 (October 12, 2011): 14775–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.2923-11.2011.

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26

Pan, Min-Hsiung. "Introduction to the Special Issue: Dietary Natural Compounds." Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 25, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2016.12.004.

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27

Domingo, José L. "Health risks of dietary exposure to perfluorinated compounds." Environment International 40 (April 2012): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2011.08.001.

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Šikić Pogačar, Maja, and Dušanka Mičetić-Turk. "The influence of dietary compounds on gut microbiota." Slovenian Medical Journal 90, no. 3-4 (March 6, 2021): 178–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.6016/zdravvestn.3005.

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The gut microbiota is a complex community composed of trillions of microbes that adapts to its host over the lifetime. Recently, the advances of the methods of high-throughput sequencing have allowed the identification of microbial species in a stool sample, and mass spectrometry identification of their metabolites, both of which together have enabled much of the relevant research in the field. It has became evident that gut microbiota plays an important role in human health and influences the risk of developing many chronic diseases, including obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The diverse ecosystem of the gut includes bacteria, viruses, phages, yeasts, archaea, fungi and protozoa. They are responsible for the production of bioactive metabolites, regulation of immune function, energy homeostasis and protection against pathogens. The mentioned functions are dependent on the diversity and abundance of the microbiota which is the reflection of the dietary habits and genetics of the host among other factors. As such, gut microbiota has significant interindividual variations. Diet and lifestyle changes present important determinants in microbiota shaping. The use of antibiotics, different sanitation measures, consumption of processed food and different diets are also reflected in the shifts of gut microbiota composition. Some of the dramatic dietary alterations can cause changes in gut microbiota composition already within 24 h and some of these changes may be difficult to reverse. Through modulation of gut microbiota composition, diet could offer a potential to manage the risk of developing disease and at the same time improving the quality of life and longevity. In this review we look at the role of diet, and specific dietary components, namely carbohydrates, proteins, fats and polyphenols on gut microbiota composition.

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Vásquez-Reyes, Sarai, Laura A. Velázquez-Villegas, Ariana Vargas-Castillo, Lilia G. Noriega, Nimbe Torres, and Armando R. Tovar. "Dietary bioactive compounds as modulators of mitochondrial function." Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 96 (October 2021): 108768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108768.

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30

Tresserra-Rimbau, Anna. "Dietary Polyphenols and Human Health." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (September 22, 2020): 2893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092893.

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31

Montgomery, McKale, and Aishwarya Srinivasan. "Epigenetic Gene Regulation by Dietary Compounds in Cancer Prevention." Advances in Nutrition 10, no. 6 (May 17, 2019): 1012–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz046.

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ABSTRACTTraditionally, cancer has been viewed as a set of diseases that are driven by the accumulation of genetic mutations, but we now understand that disruptions in epigenetic regulatory mechanisms are prevalent in cancer as well. Unlike genetic mutations, however, epigenetic alterations are reversible, making them desirable therapeutic targets. The potential for diet, and bioactive dietary components, to target epigenetic pathways in cancer is now widely appreciated, but our understanding of how to utilize these compounds for effective chemopreventive strategies in humans is in its infancy. This review provides a brief overview of epigenetic regulation and the clinical applications of epigenetics in cancer. It then describes the capacity for dietary components to contribute to epigenetic regulation, with a focus on the efficacy of dietary epigenetic regulators as secondary cancer prevention strategies in humans. Lastly, it discusses the necessary precautions and challenges that will need to be overcome before the chemopreventive power of dietary-based intervention strategies can be fully harnessed.

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32

Pagliaro, Beniamino, Caterina Santolamazza, Francesca Simonelli, and Speranza Rubattu. "Phytochemical Compounds and Protection from Cardiovascular Diseases: A State of the Art." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/918069.

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Cardiovascular diseases represent a worldwide relevant socioeconomical problem. Cardiovascular disease prevention relies also on lifestyle changes, including dietary habits. The cardioprotective effects of several foods and dietary supplements in both animal models and in humans have been explored. It was found that beneficial effects are mainly dependent on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, also involving modulation of mitochondrial function. Resveratrol is one of the most studied phytochemical compounds and it is provided with several benefits in cardiovascular diseases as well as in other pathological conditions (such as cancer). Other relevant compounds areBrassica oleracea, curcumin, and berberine, and they all exert beneficial effects in several diseases. In the attempt to provide a comprehensive reference tool for both researchers and clinicians, we summarized in the present paper the existing literature on both preclinical and clinical cardioprotective effects of each mentioned phytochemical. We structured the discussion of each compound by analyzing, first, its cellular molecular targets of action, subsequently focusing on results from applications in both ex vivo and in vivo models, finally discussing the relevance of the compound in the context of human diseases.

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Myriam, Myriam, Magalie Sabatier, Heike Steiling, and Gary Williamson. "Skin bioavailability of dietary vitamin E, carotenoids, polyphenols, vitamin C, zinc and selenium." British Journal of Nutrition 96, no. 2 (August 2006): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20061817.

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Dietary bioactive compounds (vitamin E, carotenoids, polyphenols, vitamin C, Se and Zn) have beneficial effects on skin health. The classical route of administration of active compounds is by topical application direct to the skin, and manufacturers have substantial experience of formulating ingredients in this field. However, the use of functional foods and oral supplements for improving skin condition is increasing. For oral consumption, some dietary components could have an indirect effect on the skin via, for example, secondary messengers. However, in the case of the dietary bioactive compounds considered here, we assume that they must pass down the gastrointestinal tract, cross the intestinal barrier, reach the blood circulation, and then be distributed to the different tissues of the body including the skin. The advantages of this route of administration are that the dietary bioactive compounds are metabolized and then presented to the entire tissue, potentially in an active form. Also, the blood continuously replenishes the skin with these bioactive compounds, which can then be distributed to all skin compartments (i.e. epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous fat and also to sebum). Where known, the distribution and mechanisms of transport of dietary bioactive compounds in skin are presented. Even for compounds that have been studied well in other organs, information on skin is relatively sparse. Gaps in knowledge are identified and suggestions made for future research.

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Kumar, Ajay, Abimbola Allison, Monica Henry, Anita Scales, and Aliyar Cyrus Fouladkhah. "Development of Salmonellosis as Affected by Bioactive Food Compounds." Microorganisms 7, no. 9 (September 18, 2019): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090364.

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Infections caused by Salmonella serovars are the leading cause of foodborne hospitalizations and deaths in Americans, extensively prevalent worldwide, and pose a considerable financial burden on public health infrastructure and private manufacturing. While a comprehensive review is lacking for delineating the role of dietary components on prevention of Salmonellosis, evidence for the role of diet for preventing the infection and management of Salmonellosis symptoms is increasing. The current study is an evaluation of preclinical and clinical studies and their underlying mechanisms to elaborate the efficacy of bioactive dietary components for augmenting the prevention of Salmonella infection. Studies investigating dietary components such as fibers, fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, phenolic compounds, and probiotics exhibited efficacy of dietary compounds against Salmonellosis through manipulation of host bile acids, mucin, epithelial barrier, innate and adaptive immunity and gut microbiota as well as impacting the cellular signaling cascades of the pathogen. Pre-clinical studies investigating synergism and/or antagonistic activities of various bioactive compounds, additional randomized clinical trials, if not curtailed by lack of equipoise and ethical concerns, and well-planned epidemiological studies could augment the development of a validated and evidence-based guideline for mitigating the public health burden of human Salmonellosis through dietary compounds.

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35

Amin, A. R. M. Ruhul, Omer Kucuk, Fadlo R. Khuri, and Dong M. Shin. "Perspectives for Cancer Prevention With Natural Compounds." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 16 (June 1, 2009): 2712–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.20.6235.

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Despite the estimated 565,650 deaths in 2008 of Americans as a result of cancer, it is mostly a preventable disease. Simply by modification of diet, maintenance of optimum body weight, and regular physical activity, 30% to 40% of all instances of cancer could be prevented. Modification of diet alone by increasing vegetable and fruit intake could prevent 20% or more of all cases of cancer and may potentially prevent approximately 200,000 cancer-related deaths annually. Because of their safety, low toxicity, antioxidant properties, and general acceptance as dietary supplements, fruits, vegetables, and other dietary elements (phytochemicals and minerals) are being investigated for the prevention of cancer. Extensive research over the past several decades has identified numerous dietary and botanical natural compounds that have chemopreventive potential. In this review, we discuss promising natural chemopreventive compounds, their molecular targets, and their mechanisms, which may help the further design and conduct of preclinical and clinical trials.

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36

Durazzo, Alessandra, Laura D’Addezio, Emanuela Camilli, Raffaela Piccinelli, Aida Turrini, Luisa Marletta, Stefania Marconi, et al. "From Plant Compounds to Botanicals and Back: A Current Snapshot." Molecules 23, no. 8 (July 24, 2018): 1844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081844.

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This work aims at giving an updated picture of the strict interaction between main plant biologically active compounds and botanicals. The main features of the emerging class of dietary supplements, the botanicals, are highlighted. Focus is also on the definition of actual possibilities of study approach and research strategies. Examples of innovative directions are given: assessment of interaction of bioactive compounds, chemometrics and the new goal of biorefineries. Current models of existing databases, such as plant metabolic pathways, food composition, bioactive compounds, dietary supplements, and dietary markers, are described as usable tools for health research. The need for categorization of botanicals as well as for the implementation of specific and dedicated databases emerged, based on both analytical data and collected data taken from literature throughout a harmonized and standardized approach for the evaluation of an adequate dietary intake.

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37

Ma, Jun, Alexander J. Krynitsky, Erich Grundel, and Jeanne I. Rader. "Quantitative Determination of Cucurbitane-Type Triterpenes and Triterpene Glycosides in Dietary Supplements Containing Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) by HPLC-MS/MS." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 95, no. 6 (November 1, 2012): 1597–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.11-511.

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Abstract Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), commonly known as bitter melon, is widely cultivated in many tropical and subtropical areas of the world. It is a common food staple; its fruits, leaves, seeds, stems, and roots also have a long history of use in traditional medicine. In the United States, dietary supplements labeled as containing bitter melon can be purchased over-the-counter and from Internet suppliers. Currently, no quantitative analytical method is available for monitoring the content of cucurbitane-type triterpenes and triterpene glycosides, the major constituents of bitter melon, in such supplements. We investigated the use of HPLC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS for the quantitative determination of such compounds in dietary supplements containing bitter melon. Values for each compound obtained from external calibration were compared with those obtained from the method of standard additions to address matrix effects associated with ESI. In addition, the cucurbitane-type triterpene and triterpene glycoside contents of two dietary supplements determined by the HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method with standard additions were compared with those measured by an HPLC method with evaporative light scattering detection, which was recently developed for quantification of such compounds in dried fruits of M. charantia. The contents of five cucurbitane-type triterpenes and triterpene glycosides in 10 dietary supplements were measured using the HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method with standard additions. The total contents of the five compounds ranged from 17 to 3464 μg/serving.

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Bae, Ji-Yeong, Bharathi Avula, Yan-Hong Wang, Mei Wang, Zulfiqar Ali, Alvaro M. Viljeon, and Ikhlas A. Khan. "Development and Validation of a UHPLC-PDA-MS Method for the Quantitative Analysis of Anthraquinones in Bulbine natalensis Extracts and Dietary Supplements." Planta Medica 86, no. 02 (November 25, 2019): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1037-4051.

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AbstractA UHPLC-photodiode array-MS method was developed and validated for the quantification of one chromone and six anthraquinone type of compounds from Bulbine natalensis plant samples and dietary supplements. Metabolites 1 – 7 were identified based on their retention times and electrospray ionization-MS spectra compared with a mix of previously isolated compounds. The quantification of 1 – 7 was based on photodiode array detection. The optimized separation was achieved using a CORTECS C18 column with a gradient of water/acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Seven compounds were separated within 15 minutes with detection limits of 50 pg on the column. The analytical method was validated for linearity, repeatability, accuracy, limits of detection, and limits of quantification. The relative standard deviations for intra- and inter-day experiments were less than 5% and the recovery efficiency was 98 – 101%. Nine dietary supplements labeled as containing B. natalensis were examined. Anthraquinone-type compounds were detected in only five out of nine dietary supplements, with the total amount ranging from 11.3 to 90.4 mg per daily dose. The analytical method is simple, economic, rapid, and can be applied for quality assessment of B. natalensis and dietary supplements. Electrospray ionization-MS was used for the identification of these compounds in plant samples and dietary products.

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Blue, Ben, Elena Vayndorf, and Matt Kaeberlein. "LONGEVITY OVER THE COUNTER: INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF COMMON DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS ON AGING." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S102—S103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.384.

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Abstract C. elegans has been a workhorse within the field of aging biology for several decades due to its short lifespan, easy culturing, and robust genetic tools. However, the limiting factor in using C. elegans has been that throughput was constrained by the time and effort needed to manually check the worms for signs of life during longitudinal studies. By using the WormBot, a robotic image capture platform, we are able to successfully screen a wide array of compounds for their effects upon C. elegans lifespan. A single WormBot can monitor 144 individual experiments simultaneously and allows for accurate time of death calls. Here we present data generated with the WormBot that includes a screen of compounds from a wide array of natural and synthetic products that are often available as over-the-counter supplements. In order to better examine the effects of these widely-used compounds upon the aging process and an age-associated disease we examined longevity in a wildtype strain of C. elegans as well as an engineered strain that expresses human Aβ protein in the body wall muscle. The age-related pathogenesis of the Aβ-expressing strain is a progressive paralysis that can be halted with treatment of known effectors of Alzheimer’s disease. As such, we screened our battery of compounds with this strain to determine which compounds have a significant affect on delaying Aβ-associated paralysis. Lastly, using the WormBot’s ability to capture video recording, we examine how each compound affects mobility as animals age.

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Saibabu, Venkata, Zeeshan Fatima, Luqman Ahmad Khan, and Saif Hameed. "Therapeutic Potential of Dietary Phenolic Acids." Advances in Pharmacological Sciences 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/823539.

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Although modern lifestyle has eased the quality of human life, this lifestyle’s related patterns have imparted negative effects on health to acquire multiple diseases. Many synthetic drugs are invented during the last millennium but most if not all of them possess several side effects and proved to be costly. Convincing evidences have established the premise that the phytotherapeutic potential of natural compounds and need of search for novel drugs from natural sources are of high priority. Phenolic acids (PAs) are a class of secondary metabolites spread throughout the plant kingdom and generally involved in plethora of cellular processes involved in plant growth and reproduction and also produced as defense mechanism to sustain various environmental stresses. Extensive research on PAs strongly suggests that consumption of these compounds hold promise to offer protection against various ailments in humans. This paper focuses on the naturally derived PAs and summarizes the action mechanisms of these compounds during disease conditions. Based on the available information in the literature, it is suggested that use of PAs as drugs is very promising; however more research and clinical trials are necessary before these bioactive molecules can be made for treatment. Finally this review provides greater awareness of the promise that natural PAs hold for use in the disease prevention and therapy.

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Fernandes, Fátima, David M. Pereira, Paula Guedes de Pinho, Patrícia Valentão, José A. Pereira, Albino Bento, and Paula B. Andrade. "Metabolic fate of dietary volatile compounds in Pieris brassicae." Microchemical Journal 93, no. 1 (September 2009): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2009.05.006.

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HONDA, Shuji, Toshiaki ONODA, Mariko OKANO, Akie YONEKUBO, and Yoshiro YAMAMOTO. "Effect of several dietary iron compounds on iron bioavailability." Nippon Eiyo Shokuryo Gakkaishi 43, no. 5 (1990): 354–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.43.354.

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Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa M., María-Isabel Covas, Montserrat Fitó, Jaume Marrugat, and M. Carmen de la Torre-Boronat. "Detection of Dietary Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds in Human LDL." Clinical Chemistry 45, no. 10 (October 1, 1999): 1870–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/45.10.1870.

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Harrad, Stuart, Yun Wang, Sanoja Sandaradura, and Anthony Leeds. "Human dietary intake and excretion of dioxin-like compounds." Journal of Environmental Monitoring 5, no. 2 (January 23, 2003): 224–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b211406b.

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Tanaka, Takuji, and Shigeyuki Sugie. "Inhibition of Colon Carcinogenesis by Dietary Non-Nutritive Compounds." Journal of Toxicologic Pathology 20, no. 4 (2007): 215–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1293/tox.20.215.

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Clemente, María Jesús, Alessandra Cimbalo, Gabriela Chiocchetti, Vicenta Devesa, and Dinoraz Vélez. "Dietary Compounds To Reduce In Vivo Inorganic Arsenic Bioavailability." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 67, no. 32 (July 23, 2019): 9032–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03372.

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Jadán-Piedra, Carlos, Gabriela Matuoka Chiocchetti, María Jesús Clemente, Dinoraz Vélez, and Vicenta Devesa. "Dietary compounds as modulators of metals and metalloids toxicity." Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 58, no. 12 (July 7, 2017): 2055–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2017.1302407.

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Ferreres, Federico, Vítor Ribeiro, Angel Gil Izquierdo, M. Ângelo Rodrigues, Rosa M. Seabra, Paula B. Andrade, and Patrícia Valentão. "Rumex induratusLeaves: Interesting Dietary Source of Potential Bioactive Compounds." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54, no. 16 (August 2006): 5782–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf0613233.

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Pan, Min-Hsiung, Ching-Shu Lai, Slavik Dushenkov, and Chi-Tang Ho. "Modulation of Inflammatory Genes by Natural Dietary Bioactive Compounds." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57, no. 11 (June 10, 2009): 4467–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf900612n.

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Griffiths, D. W., A. N. E. Birch, and J. R. Hillman. "Antinutritional compounds in theBrasiAnalysis, biosynthesis, chemistry and dietary effects." Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 73, no. 1 (January 1998): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1998.11510937.

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