Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dieux égyptiens'
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Fortier, Alain. "Recherches sur le dieu Montou." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE5013.
Full textMontu is known as war’s god; identification based on documentation of New Kingdom. This study is about Montu’s aspects after New Kingdom. He is especially a Theban god worshiped in four cities (Armant, Tod, Medamud, Karnak-North). From dynasty XXV, the dour gods are regrouped to form Four Montu, magic protection of Thebes? This Four Montu embodies also, the four males of ogdoad. In end of Ptolemaix time, Amun is added to Four Montu to form a new divine group, the Five Gods. Relations between Montu and Amun are important and complex; he becomes a sort of Amun’s double and participates in Djeme’s rites (Medinet Habu). On Louxor’s left bank, he’s represented on doors of these temples, although he has no chapels inside them; he had to visit them during the processions; a single date is well known: 26 Khoiak. These theological novelties are not resumed in representations of this God outside Thebes (Philae, Edfu, Dendara, Esna); he appears as defender’s god
Shaikh, al Arab Walid. "Le dieu Onouris." Lille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL30043.
Full textForgeau, Annie. "Enquête sur Horus-fils-d'Isis." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040254.
Full textOlette-Pelletier, Jean-Guillaume. "Min, le « puissant des dieux ». Le dieu Min, de la Première Période intermédiaire à la fin de la Deuxième Période intermédiaire : réinterprétation d'une image divine au service du pouvoir." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040123.
Full textThe Egyptian god Min has always been considered as a procreation god by many Egyptologists. However, the analysis of his image and his cult on the period from the beginning of the First Intermediate Period to the end of the 17th dynasty reveals a very different definition. His iconography shows a cryptic elaboration in the way of using various details composing his image. This present study reanalyzes the Coptite consort of Min as well as the reappropriation of the god’s image by the Theban deity Amun at the beginning of the Middle Kingdom. Revered during specific agrarian and dynastic religious festivals, Min was subject of a great veneration during this period, both from kings and private individuals. Min was also particularly praised in expeditionary contexts. From the wadi Hammamat to the Gebel el-Zeit via Mersa Gawasis and the peninsula of Konosso, this god was mentioned and figured for his warring and mineral abilities. Lastly, during the Middle Kingdom and the Second Intermediate Period, Min seems particularly revered in Abydos. He was inserted inside the Osirian cult with the creation of the figure of Min-Horus-nakht, the latter testifying the moving of the cult and the funerary and dynastic importance of the god in this city. With Abydenian hymns and the discovery of archeological fragments, the location of a sanctuary dedicated to the god could be brought to light. Regarding all the collected data, Min appears not as a procreation god but as a ‘Follower of Horus’, a god of strength with dynastic powers, a god of regeneration who acts over both the natural world and the underworld
Gamelin, Thomas. "Deux déesses pour un dieu. Des triades pour décrire des principes cosmologiques." Thesis, Lille 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL30027.
Full textIn Egyptian theology, the association of three deities in order to create a local triad is widely spread. Gathering two gods (the father and the son) and one goddess (the mother), this triad then defines a divine family, as the well-known triad of Osiris, Isis and Horus. More rare groups are structured as one god and two goddesses, a second goddess (who is never the daughter) replacing the divine child. In this work, we focus on groups that are represented on offering scenes carved in various Egyptian temples. What could explain the presence of these two goddesses in those scenes ? How are the relationship between the deities structured ? Different organisations of these groups are analysed in this study. part of these groups represents the association of a main god with two local goddesses. Others try to represent more elaborate cosmological principles. The triad of Elephantine (Khnum, Satet and Anuket) is a relevant example : the three deities control the flood of the Nile. the god commands the inundation and is helped by two goddesses ; one initiating the flow while the other one initiates the ebb. In several triads, the goddesses have complementary functions and assist the god in his task. The addition of the goddesses' functions is only one of the numerous tools used by theologians to describe their universe
Pulicani, Emeline. "Voir et entendre en egypte ancienne : les dieux Ir et Sedjem." Thesis, Lille 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL30056.
Full textIr and Sedjem form a complementary and inseparable divine couple that appears in the New Kingdom, which lasted until the Roman period. The first volume includes all necessary documentation in this study. Eighty-nine documents mentioning Ir and Sedjem were listed and classified by type then in decreasing order of the number of certificates : temples (tidied up chronologically and from South to North), papyri and strips of mommies (ordered by museums then by number of inventory) and finally the diverse objects (classified by time). Each file created within our corpus consists of five entries : the location of the certificate of Ir and Sedjem in the temple, papyrus, the strip or object ; the dating ; the detailed description following the nature and the state of preservation of the document ; the bibliography and the context of appearance which indicates if Ir and Sedjem are represented, even-numbered page are grouped one or several various illustrations. The second volume is devoted to the synthesis of our study on Ir and Sedjem divided into four chapters. The first deals with names of our two deities includong their respective written form in order to establish a definitive transliteration and translation of their names. Their iconography was then studied (attitudes, wigs, signs-emblems, clothes, elements of finery, false beard) as well as the few particular cases found (total or partial zoomorphic shape, possible feminine aspect, prospective symbiosis) and finally, their attributes were handled. The third part of our development is dedicated to the analysis of the links between Ir and Sedjem and the other divinities of the Egyptian pantheon. Before proceeding to the study of the various functions of our two divinities, an inventory of their epithets, their discourse and the offering which they receive was established. We also examined the diverse locations on which they are mentioned in temples. Finally, we completed our research by proposing a brief review of the indirect links which exist between Ir and Sedjem and royal Ka, the both vultures In-nout and Sedjemet in the Myth of th Eye of the Sun and the 14 Kaou of Rê
Baqué, Manzano Lucas. "Les colosses du dieu Min dans le temple de Coptos : origine conceptuelle d'une grande figure divine (iconographie, iconologie et mythologie)." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30045.
Full textLouant, Emmanuel. "Le dieu-fils Harsomtous dans les temples égyptiens d'époque tardive : étude de sa relation avec le dieu-patron du sanctuaire pour définir sa personne et ses fonctions spécifiques en tant que dieu-fils dans et hors du temple d'Edfou." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211729.
Full textCalmettes, Marie-Astrid. "Les représentations relatives à la conception du monde dans l'Egypte ancienne." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209477.
Full textDoctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Cohen, Delphine. "Les attributs divins dans l'iconographie des Lagides." Paris, EPHE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EPHE4060.
Full textThe figurative representations of the Ptolemaic sovereigns have a specific place in Hellenistic art because the ptolemies ruled in a land endowed with a strong political and cultural tradition. As a consequence, the Ptolemies were represented as an Egyptian pharaoh and as a Basileus king. More over, the phenomenon of divinisation which spread in the Hellenistic world after the death of Alexander the Great had an important effect on these royal representations. Thus, the royal iconography recovers God's attributes to divinise their kings, in this particular context of the Ptolemies' Egypt, our catalogue analyses the divine attributes in the Ptolemies' iconography and Greek, syncretic and Egyptian deities. The study of these divine attributes represented in numismatic, sculptures, gems, jewellery, reliefs and architecture has allowed us to shed light on the stylistic, religious and political interactions between the Egyptian world and the Greek world during the reign of the Ptolemies. The Greek art borrows Egyptian political attributes and the Egyptian art shows Greek influences by adjusting its artistic conventions to the Greek mentality. The Greek religion knows deep transformation due to the phenomenon of the divinisation and the apparition at the same time of Egyptian and Greek royal cults. In confrontation to the historical context our catalogue testifies the strong political will of the Ptolemies to set up a royal propaganda to affirm their Macedonian power in Egypt
Cagnard, Léo. "Létopolis et la IIe province de Basse-Égypte : recherches de géographie religieuse." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30049.
Full textThe aim of this PhD is to study the 2nd province of Lower Egypt, and its towns, of which the main one was Khem/Sekhem. This area was called the Letopolite nome since the Ptolemaic Period and according to its new metropolis : Letopolis. Nowadays, this province is situated to the north of Giza’s governorate where some remains were found, particularly on the site of the former metropolis, todays Ausim which is located 12 km northwest of Cairo. These findings don’t provide a lot of information about places and cults in this region. However, the province and some identified place names in the region (Khem/SekhemIyt, Imhedj/Kemhedj, Sakhebu, Ro-hesau, Sa-ta ...) are present in other Egyptian sources, sacred and profane. The established corpus of gathered documents mentioning a place-name of the region, its gods or local titles from the Early Dynastic Period up to the Greco-Roman Period in Egyptian, hieroglyphic, hieratic and demotic language. The purpose of this study aiming at drawing up a general view of the sacred geography of this region and, at trying from sources which are outside it, to determine what could be the local contexts, and those dependent of a national theology. Four main themes are developed in the essay. Firstly, the study of the places introduces their names, their possible location and identification, function and historical elements known when possible. The second part broaches the gods-themselves, classified according to their main city or sanctuary while detailing their duties. Thirdly, we discuss the myths, rites and res sacrae of the province and present the main topics that are attached to this province locally and in the national religion. The fourth part is devoted to a prosopographic study and analysis of the titles appearing in the province by presenting the various registered families, the titles and the functions they bore throughout Egyptian history
Roche, Aurélie. "De la figure anthropomorphe prédynastique à l'émergence de l'image de Pharaon : pour une approche transversale de l'imagerie pré- et protodynastique égyptienne (Nagada I-Nagada III, 3900-2700 av. J.-C.)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG012/document.
Full textDuring the Predynastic and Early Dynastic Periods (3900-2700 B.C.), anthropomorphic imagery is a theme of prime importance in Egyptian art. Human figures coming from the iconographic, ambiguous and written modes of communication are depicted on a large range of sources. While most of the studies focus on a single type of document, this work concentrates on a particular pattern, the human figure, by proposing a transversal approach of the anthropomorphic imagery. Therefore, this study aims to constrain the evolution of the human depictions during these periods. Through the inspection of the human figures, the study also aims to unravel the way the first Egyptians conceptualised themselves. This work is based on the creation of typologies for the human figures and associated patterns, analysed using statistical tools.The results reveal a chronological evolution of the human figures, with a distinct rupture between the Predynastic Period and the Early Dynastic Period. This transition relates to the introduction of a royal monarchy. This introduction causes a dichotomy between royal and private documentations owing to the appropriation of the art by the state. Besides, the anthropomorphic figures show the appearance of a personal identity in addition to the pre-existent collective identity. This feature is evidence of an increasing individuation
Toye-Dubs, Nathalie. "L'écoute du dieu dans les témoignages de piété personnelle en Egypte ancienne au Nouvel Empire." Paris, EPHE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE4027.
Full textThis study deals with a category of documents attesting to piety left by individuals in ancient Egypt which develops the topic of a god who listens to prayer. These testimonies occur only during the New Kingdom (1539-1080 BC); after this period, there is almost no more mention of a god who listens to private prayer whereas personal piety does not stop increasing till the Late Period. The reference corpus is made up of stalae with depictions of one or more ears – sometimes accompanied by the depiction of an offering – and votive ears together with prayers on various objects (stelae, statutes, naos, basins…) where the invoked deity is referred to as the god who listens to prayer. The approach has been to collate, classify and translate the documents. Thanks to recent work on the iconography of ears in royal portraits, it was possible to date more precisely a number of them. This shows that the ear stelae and the votive ears date mostly from the Eighteenth Dynasty, before the expansion of the phenomenon of personal piety in the Rameside period. If the corpus of ear stelae is extended to one which includes all items that mention the god who listens, a surprising chronological partition emerges which lets us establish the link between the abandonment of ear stalae and the development of oracular consultations by individuals. It therefore appears that the “hearing documents” constitute one of the key drivers of change in the New Kingdom official religion, rather than being a mere consequence of them
Bujanda, Viloria Sharif Pablo Enrique. "Yahvé le baal d’Israël ? Figures vétérotestamentaires et extrabibliques de Dieu." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL048.
Full textPutting the accent on the extrabiblical images of God, this research explores some often neglected aspects of the process which lead to the formation of a particular identity for the Only and all mighty God of the “abrahamic” monotheisms. For the Egyptians, all baalim were sethian manifestations. Seth, a very ancient god, became one of the sometimes forgotten Yahwe’s extrabiblical images. We have explored its different aspects following its evolution and ties with semitic populations, and in general with those of the Levantine coast. On the other chronological extreme of a very long historical period, during the reign of the last non-christian Roman Emperor, Julian the 2nd, we looked for another very complex extrabiblical image. It is is in fact, not one but many philosophical approaches to the ida of a superior divine entity. The second chapter studies God’s images inside the Hebrew Bible. These images are related and they complete the extrabiblica ones. In the biblical text we find strong tacs of an ancient local pantheon leaded by Yahweh/El and his paredra. We find in the biblical texts dynamics of assimilation, association, substitution, equivalence, fussion and rejection of divine attributs from this “family of gods” to the Only God
Bugarski-Mesdjian, Anemari. "Les "Cultes orientaux" en Dalmatie Romaine : un aspect de la romanisation de la province." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040138.
Full textIn this study we consider the cults of Magna Mater, Mithra, Jupiter Dolichenus, Jupiter Sabazios and Isis and Serapis, commonly called "Oriental cults", as a part of the presence of the Roman religion and culture propagated with the romanisation of the province. Based on the analysis of the archaeological monuments, we have studied the presence of these cults in reference with certain provincial characteristics (the rock mithraea, the cognationes, the priests of Jupiter Dolichenus) and with the possible influences of the religious policy of Rome (the popularity of Magna Mater at the time of August, the religious reforms in the cult of Magna Mater under Antonius Pius in the second century, the development of the iconographic models of Mithra). In conclusion, we noted that these cults, integrated in the Roman society and religion, do not appear like an alternative to the Roman religion, but shall be considered as a part of the conscience and religious life of the inhabitants of the roman province of Dalmatia, in particular in its urban centres
Taterka, Filip. "Les expéditions au pays de Pount sous la XVIIIe dynastie égyptienne : essai de compréhension du rôle idéologique des expéditions « commerciales »." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL031.
Full textThe aim of the dissertation is to analyse the religious and ideological significance of the ancient Egyptian Punt expeditions, particularly in the 18th dynasty. In the first part (chapters 1-4) the sources concerning the ancient Egyptian Punt expeditions as well as the products imported to Egypt in their result were discussed in detail. Although the pre-eminence is given to the 18th dynasty sources, documents from other periods were also included in the analysis. The second part (chapters 5-8) constitutes a synthesis of the conclusions drawn in result of the analysis of the sources of the first part. Therefore, the author discusses various toponyms related to the land of Punt (chapter 5), the problem of Punt’s exact location (chapter 6), the character of the Punt expeditions in comparison with other foreign missions (chapter 7) as well as various links between the land of Punt and Egyptian religion and ideology of kingship (chapter 8). The author concludes that the land of Punt played an important role in the Egyptian ideology of kingship being especially associated with the sun-god as well as with the goddess Hathor. Puntite products were crucial for both royal and private funerary cult as well as for the divine cult carried out in the temples. This is why the organisation of a Punt expedition was a duty of the Egyptian king, who, according to Egyptian beliefs, was obeying a direct order of the sun-god. Moreover, in various periods we may observe a wish to re-establish the contacts with Punt in order to restore the natural order of things after a period of crisis, which is especially visible in the reign of Hatshepsut of the 18th dynasty
Gomez, Carole. "Mater Deum et Isis : pratiques cultuelles et processus d'interaction dans les provinces occidentales de l'Empire romain (Ier-IIIe s. p.C.)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20113.
Full textIn contact with Hellenistic and Roman civilization, the cults of Mater Deum and Isis gradually spread outside their territories of origin. They entered the Vrbs in the last centuries of the Republic, and then gradually spread to the entire Roman world, and during the first three centuries of our era, to the western provinces of the Empire. To study the multiple mechanisms that governed their introduction, it was necessary to move away from a century-old historiographical legacy and turn to more recent analytical concepts. The comparative approach used consists in apprehending the cults of the goddesses in a triple context, territorial, human and divine, which has conditioned their introduction and explains the diversity of their practices. Each space has its own characteristics, but the Roman administrative network in which they are inserted has largely contributed to their introduction. The diversified practices of their cults were supported by a vast network of actors, whose identities are multiple. It is then necessary to analyse these practices from the point of view of the individuals – both human and social – in action. Therefore, their variations appear to be the result of processes of individualisation and individuation. The appropriation strategies employed by the devotees also generate the multiplicity of divine identities, perceptible through the onomastic used to designate them, but also through the divine network in which they are inserted. The relevance of this study is to evaluate how the multiple interactions and social processes at the origin of Isiac and Metroac cultual practices have contributed to create the identities of the deities and of the societies from which they are the product. These cults reflect an undeniable form of Romanity, but they are nevertheless the result of local contexts, produced by societies and individuals, questioning then in a larger way the effervescence of ancient polytheistic systems
En contacto con la civilización helenística y luego romana, los cultos de Mater Deum e Isis se extendieron gradualmente fuera de sus territorios de origen. Entraron en la Vrbs en los últimos siglos de la República, y luego se extendieron a todo el mundo romano, y durante los tres primeros siglos de nuestra era, a las provincias occidentales del Imperio. Para estudiar los múltiples mecanismos que han regido su introducción, fue necesario alejarse de un legado historiográfico centenario y pasar a conceptos analíticos más recientes. El enfoque comparativo utilizado consiste en aprehender los cultos de las diosas según un triple contexto, territorial, humano y divino, que ha condicionado sus implantaciones y explica la diversidad de prácticas que les conciernen. Cada espacio tiene sus propias características, pero la red administrativa romana de la que forman parte ha condicionado en gran medida el arraigo de sus cultos, cuyas prácticas diversificadas fueron apoyadas por una vasta red de actores con múltiples identidades. Es necesario entonces analizar estas prácticas desde el punto de vista de los individuos -humanos o sociales- en acción. Por lo tanto, sus numerosas variaciones parecen ser el resultado de procesos combinados de individualización e individuación. Las estrategias de apropiación desplegadas por los devotos también generan la multiplicidad de identidades divinas, perceptibles a través de la onomástica utilizada para designarlas, pero también a través de la red divina en la que las insertan. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar cómo las múltiples interacciones y procesos sociales al origen de las prácticas cultuales metróacas e isiacas han contribuido a alimentar las identidades de las deidades y de las sociedades de las que son producto. Al final, si bien estos cultos reflejan una forma innegable de romanidad, son, sin embargo, el resultado de contextos locales, sociedades e individuos, lo que induce un cuestionamiento más amplio sobre la efervescencia de los antiguos sistemas politeístas
Megahed, El Zahraa. "The role of malevolent demon troops with the livings in ancient Egypt." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2186.
Full textThe present study The Role of Malevolent Demon Troops with the Livings in Ancient Egypt aims to determine the criteria that defines the role of the category of demons who manifest in troops to affect people in the earthly life. The subject of this study is discussed in nine chapters and an annex including the corpora.It is better to start by displaying the contents of the corpora. The first chapter of the thesis entitled Arising of the Role of Demon Troops in Terrestrial Life and Aspects Identifying its Nature identifies three main points: Sources Recording the Role of Demon Troops with Mortals on Earth, The Role of Demon Troops: When and Why? And Preliminary Notes about Demon Troops.Chapter two bears the title Identification of Demon Troops. The troops studied in this chapter are arranged according to their importance, that aspect is determined upon the analysis of the roles attributed to each of these troops regarding the time of appearance and the diversity of roles. These troops are: #Atyw “The Executioners, Wpwtyw “The Messengers”, ^mAyw “The Wanderers”, @nTtyw “The Butchers”, awAyw “The Robbers”, %wAw “The Passers-by”, and @rytyw “Those Who Spread Terror”. Details about the connotations of the name, the main roles and tasks are discussed under each troop of demons.Chapter three entitled Designations: The Ontology of Identity and Character discusses the different titles and epithets that appeared in the corpora as designation for the troops of demons identified in chapter two. The most important of these designations are: NTrw “Divine”, NDstyw “minor Divinities”, Mdwt “Words (of Gods)”, Prryw m Irt Re “Who Go Out from the Eye of Re”, &pyw-a-%xmt “Vaunguards of Sekhmet”, Imyw-xt %xmt “Rearguards of Sekhmet”, ^msw “The Retinues”, Wpwtyw “Messengers”, NTrw mDAwt “Gods of Books”, Apdw “Birds”, TAw “Winds”, %bAw “Stars”, Imyw-spspw “Those with the knives”, %tyw “Those who shoot arrows”, ^srw “Arrows”, bin “The Bad”, _Sr “The red”, +Ayw “The Adversaries”, +ww “The Evil”. These designations are presented classified according to thematic categories identifying them.Chapter four bears the title Propagation and Provocation of Demon Troops on Earth: Superordinate Deities and Threat Zones. It deals with the main aspects that control the manifestation of demons on earth. The most important element is the deities who control demons. Chapter five deals with Nature of Task of the Demon Troops on Earth. The rubrics of this chapter study the aspects that identify the role of demons in the earthly life and how the demonic task can be defined regarding the elements of duality and enmity and so on.Chapter six presents Plan and Course of the Task. The aim of this chapter is identifying the actions that demons follow in order to affect people.Chapters seven and eight deal with the Impact of Demon Troops in Terrestrial Life. They respectively discusses the Death and the Disease.Finally chapter nine comes to define The Role of Magic in the Protection of Mortals against Demon Troops on Earth. The aspects connected to time, location and the targeted are also entailed.Concerning the corpora, the sources of the study are arranged in four parts, each of which deals with a group of texts from the same category. The order of presenting the categories is according to their importance. In the first part the Magical Prophylactic Incantations are firstly introduced as the apogee of the Egyptian thought concerning the capacity of demons to affect the different aspects of the life of people on earth