Journal articles: 'Difese rigide'

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de Klijn, T., A. M. M. Schreurs, and L. M. J. Kroon-Batenburg. "Rigid-body motion is the main source of diffuse scattering in protein crystallography." IUCrJ 6, no. 2 (February 16, 2019): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252519000927.

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The origin of diffuse X-ray scattering from protein crystals has been the subject of debate over the past three decades regarding whether it arises from correlated atomic motions within the molecule or from rigid-body disorder. Here, a supercell approach to modelling diffuse scattering is presented that uses ensembles of molecular models representing rigid-body motions as well as internal motions as obtained from ensemble refinement. This approach allows oversampling of Miller indices and comparison with equally oversampled diffuse data, thus allowing the maximum information to be extracted from experiments. It is found that most of the diffuse scattering comes from correlated motions within the unit cell, with only a minor contribution from longer-range correlated displacements. Rigid-body motions, and in particular rigid-body translations, make by far the most dominant contribution to the diffuse scattering, and internal motions give only a modest addition. This suggests that modelling biologically relevant protein dynamics from diffuse scattering may present an even larger challenge than was thought.

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Okuzono, Takeshi, Koji Uenishi, and Kimihiro Sakagami. "Experimental comparison of absorption characteristics of single-leaf permeable membrane absorbers with different backing air cavity designs." Noise Control Engineering Journal 68, no. 3 (May 20, 2020): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1/376820.

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Permeable membranes (PMs), which are air-permeable fabrics made from various natural or chemical fibers that are thinly woven or non-woven, are attractive sound-absorbing materials. The simplest PM absorber is a single-leaf PM absorber (PMSG) with a non-locally reacting rigid backed air cavity in which a PM is placed in front of a rigidly backed air cavity. A honeycomb-backed single-leaf PM absorber (PMHC), which has a locally reacting air cavity, is also well known. However, the two PM absorbers have shortcomings in their diffuse field absorption coefficients attrib- utable to the backing air cavity design. To overcome those shortcomings, we intro- duce a PM absorber array (PMAR): a single-leaf PM absorber with multiple locally reacting air cavities of different depths. As described herein, to present PMAR benefits, we experimentally compare the diffuse field absorption charac- teristics of the three single-leaf PM absorbers with different air cavity designs. Reverberation absorption coefficient measurements were taken using nine thin permeable membranes made of three chemical fibers, each having different flow resistance and surface density. Results show that PMAR is an effective sound ab- sorbing structure to overcome the shortcomings related to the diffuse field absorp- tion coefficients of PMSG and PMHC. Material property effects on permeable membranes are also demonstrated.

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Garcia-Martin, Victor, Ana Verdejo-González, David Ruiz-Picazo, and José Ramírez-Villaescusa. "Sagittal Deformity Correction in a Patient Suffering From Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis Who Previously Underwent a Total Hip and Bilateral Knee Replacement." Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation 12 (January 1, 2021): 215145932199274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2151459321992745.

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Introduction: Physiological aging frequently leads to degenerative changes and spinal deformity. In patients with hypolordotic fusions or ankylosing illnesses such as diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis or ankylosing spondylitis, compensation mechanisms can be altered causing severe pain and disability. In addition, if a total hip replacement and/or knee replacement is performed, both pelvic and lower limbs compensation mechanisms could be damaged and prosthetic dislocation or impingement syndrome could be present. Pedicle subtraction osteotomy has proven to be the optimal correction technique for spinal deformation in patients suffering from a rigid spine. Case Presentation: A 70-year-old male patient with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis criteria and a rigid lumbar kyphosis, who previously underwent a total hip and knee replacement, had severe disability. We then performed corrective surgery by doing a pedicle subtraction osteotomy. The procedure and outcomes are presented here. Conclusion: In symptomatic patients with sagittal imbalance and a rigid spine, pedicle subtraction osteotomy can indeed correct spinal deformity and re-establish sagittal balance.

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Peck, Ariana, Frédéric Poitevin, and Thomas J. Lane. "Intermolecular correlations are necessary to explain diffuse scattering from protein crystals." IUCrJ 5, no. 2 (February 21, 2018): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252518001124.

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Conformational changes drive protein function, including catalysis, allostery and signaling. X-ray diffuse scattering from protein crystals has frequently been cited as a probe of these correlated motions, with significant potential to advance our understanding of biological dynamics. However, recent work has challenged this prevailing view, suggesting instead that diffuse scattering primarily originates from rigid-body motions and could therefore be applied to improve structure determination. To investigate the nature of the disorder giving rise to diffuse scattering, and thus the potential applications of this signal, a diverse repertoire of disorder models was assessed for its ability to reproduce the diffuse signal reconstructed from three protein crystals. This comparison revealed that multiple models of intramolecular conformational dynamics, including ensemble models inferred from the Bragg data, could not explain the signal. Models of rigid-body or short-range liquid-like motions, in which dynamics are confined to the biological unit, showed modest agreement with the diffuse maps, but were unable to reproduce experimental features indicative of long-range correlations. Extending a model of liquid-like motions to include disorder across neighboring proteins in the crystal significantly improved agreement with all three systems and highlighted the contribution of intermolecular correlations to the observed signal. These findings anticipate a need to account for intermolecular disorder in order to advance the interpretation of diffuse scattering to either extract biological motions or aid structural inference.

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Vargas, Herom, and Nilton Carvalho. "O ÁLBUM SANDINISTA!: AGENCIAMENTOS E FRONTEIRAS MUSICAIS DO GRUPO THE CLASH // THE SANDINISTA! ALBUM: AGENCEMENTS AND MUSICAL BOUNDARIES OF THE BAND THE CLASH." Contemporânea Revista de Comunicação e Cultura 15, no. 2 (November 10, 2017): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/contemporanea.v15i2.18243.

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O movimento punk inglês produziu rompimentos com o rock mainstream da indústria fonográfica, mas após algum tempo, sua estética se estabeleceu como fórmula cristalizada. No álbum Sandinista! (1980), a banda inglesa The Clash se afasta dessa rigidez musical ao movimentar-se para as fronteiras, em contato com outras culturas e seus agenciamentos textuais. Essa mudança é um aspecto fundamental na construção da linguagem híbrida do disco que difere dos moldes identitários do punk rock. Com base nos Estudos Culturais e na Semiótica da Cultura, este artigo visa demonstrar como o grupo propôs uma arte de fronteira musical e política com o chamado Terceiro Mundo, usando textos (dub, jazz, soul, hip hop, calypso) geradores de uma semiótica que difere do regime significante (DELEUZE; GUATTARI, 1995) do punk britânico.

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Miller, Charles E., and B. E. Eichinger. "Analysis of Rigid Polyurethane Foams by Near-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 44, no. 5 (June 1990): 887–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702904087064.

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Kroon-Batenburg, Loes M. J., Tim de Klijn, and Antoine M. M. Schreurs. "Diffuse scattering in protein crystals is dominated by rigid-body motions." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 75, a1 (July 20, 2019): a38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767319099616.

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Nie, Zhong-Bin, Min Zhang, Tan Su, Liang Zhao, Yuan-Yuan Wang, Guang-Yan Sun, and Zhong-Min Su. "Electrochemical and diffuse reflectance study on tetrahedral ε-Keggin-based metal–organic frameworks." RSC Advances 7, no. 50 (2017): 31544–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra04771a.

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Two polymolybdate-based metal–organic frameworks composed of Zn-ε-Keggin nodes and semi-rigid organic linkers were successfully synthesized. The electrochemical behaviors of these two compounds were studied, as well as their diffuse reflectance performance.

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Wu, Xue, Adam T. Eggebrecht, Silvina L. Ferradal, Joseph P. Culver, and Hamid Dehghani. "Evaluation of rigid registration methods for whole head imaging in diffuse optical tomography." Neurophotonics 2, no. 3 (July 21, 2015): 035002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.nph.2.3.035002.

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LoDestro, L. L. "The rigid ballooning mode in finite-beta axisymmetric plasmas with diffuse pressure profiles." Physics of Fluids 29, no. 7 (1986): 2329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865572.

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Kumar S., Kalyan, Chinmay Gandhi, and Mahesh Zavare. "Linitis Plastica of Terminal Ileum." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 11, no. 5 (May 7, 2021): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20210524.

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Linitis plastica generally involves stomach. Most common cause is diffuse signet ring adenocarcinoma, metastatic disease from breast and lungs can also lead to Linitis plastica and also caustic burns. In Linitis plastica the stomach becomes rigid and pipe like (leather bottle). We are presenting a rare case of Linitis plastica of terminal ileum. Ours is a 55-year female patient presenting in casualty with abdominal pain, distension, vomiting and bilious vomiting. Her terminal ileum had stricturous rigid tube-like lesion with multiple mesenteric lymphadenitis. We did curative resection (ileoascending colon) and anastomosis. She had uneventful recovery. Though small bowel malignancies are rare, one should have high index of suspicion when one encounters rigid pipe like strictures lesion of ileum, as these can be malignant lesion and one should perform curative resection. Surgery improves survival rate along with adjuvant chemotherapy as required. Key words: Linitis plastica, small bowel malignancy, Linitis plastica ileum, Linitis plastica stomach.

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ABED-MERAIM, F., R. H. J. PEERLINGS, and M. G. D. GEERS. "BIFURCATION ANALYSIS VERSUS MAXIMUM FORCE CRITERIA IN FORMABILITY LIMIT ASSESSMENT OF STRETCHED METAL SHEETS." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 06, no. 06 (December 2014): 1450064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825114500641.

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The present contribution deals with the prediction of diffuse necking in the context of forming and stretching of metal sheets. For this purpose, two approaches are investigated, namely bifurcation and the maximum force principle, with a systematic comparison of their respective ability to predict necking. While the bifurcation approach is of quite general applicability, some restrictions are shown for the application of maximum force conditions. Although the predictions of the two approaches are identical for particular loading paths and constitutive models, they are generally different, which is even the case for elasticity, confirming the distinct nature of the two concepts. Closed-form expressions of the critical stress and strain states are derived for both criteria in elasto-plasticity and rigid-plasticity for a variety of hardening models. The resulting useful formulas in rigid-plasticity are shown to also accurately represent the elasto-plastic critical states for small ratios of the hardening modulus with respect to Young's modulus. Finally, the well-known expression of Swift's diffuse necking criterion, whose foundations are attributed in the literature to the maximum force principle, is shown here to originate from the bifurcation approach instead, providing a sound justification for it.

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Alloubi, Ihsan, Matthieu Thumerel, Hugues Bégueret, Jean-Marc Baste, Jean-François Velly, and Jacques Jougon. "Outcomes after Bronchoscopic Procedures for Primary Tracheobronchial Amyloidosis: Retrospective Study of 6 Cases." Pulmonary Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/352719.

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Respiratory amyloidosis is a rare disease which refers to localized aberrant extracellular protein deposits within the airways. Tracheobronchial amyloidosis (TBA) refers to the deposition of localized amyloid deposits within the upper airways. Treatments have historically focused on bronchoscopic techniques including debridement, laser ablation, balloon dilation, and stent placement. We present the outcomes after rigid bronchoscopy to remove the amyloid protein causing the airway obstruction in 6 cases of tracheobronchial amyloidosis. This is the first report of primary diffuse tracheobronchial amyloidosis in our department; clinical features, in addition to therapy in the treatment of TBA, are reviewed. This paper shows that, in patients with TBA causing airway obstruction, excellent results can be obtained with rigid bronchoscopy and stenting of the obstructing lesion.

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Patel, Jitendra Kumar, and Ganesh Natarajan. "Diffuse interface immersed boundary method for multi-fluid flows with arbitrarily moving rigid bodies." Journal of Computational Physics 360 (May 2018): 202–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2018.01.024.

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15

Muntz, Harlan R., Mark Wallace, and Rodney P. Lusk. "Pediatric Transbronchial Lung Biopsy." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 101, no. 2 (February 1992): 135–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949210100205.

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A retrospective review of 25 transbronchial lung biopsies in 19 pediatric patients is reported. Nineteen of these procedures used a rigid ventilating bronchoscope and a small cup biopsy forceps. The indications included diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in the immunocompromised patient, severe hyaline membrane disease, tumor, and lung transplant. In 84 % of the procedures, adequate tissue was obtained. There was a 12.5% incidence of pneumothorax and no significant pulmonary hemorrhage.

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de Oliveira, Carlos Wagner, Cátia Henriques Callado, and Osnir Marquete. "Anatomia do lenho de espécies do gênero Nectandra Rol. ex Rottb. (Lauraceae)." Rodriguésia 52, no. 81 (July 2001): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-78602001528106.

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RESUMO Neste trabalho é apresentada a descrição anatômica do lenho de Nectandra leucantha Nees, Nectandra puberula (Schott) Nees e Nectandra rigida (H. B. K.) Nees. As três espécies apresentaram camadas de crescimento distintas; porosidade difusa; parênquima axial paratraqueal; placas de perfuração simples e escalariformes; pontoações intervasculares alternas e fibras septadas. As características que se mostraram úteis para a segregação das espécies foram: tipo e distribuição do parênquima axial, formato das pontoações intervasculares e presença de células oleíferas/ mucilaginosas.

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Van Benschoten, Andrew H., Pavel V. Afonine, Thomas C. Terwilliger, Michael E. Wall, Colin J. Jackson, Nicholas K. Sauter, Paul D. Adams, Alexandre Urzhumtsev, and James S. Fraser. "Predicting X-ray diffuse scattering from translation–libration–screw structural ensembles." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 71, no. 8 (July 28, 2015): 1657–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1399004715007415.

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Identifying the intramolecular motions of proteins and nucleic acids is a major challenge in macromolecular X-ray crystallography. Because Bragg diffraction describes the average positional distribution of crystalline atoms with imperfect precision, the resulting electron density can be compatible with multiple models of motion. Diffuse X-ray scattering can reduce this degeneracy by reporting on correlated atomic displacements. Although recent technological advances are increasing the potential to accurately measure diffuse scattering, computational modeling and validation tools are still needed to quantify the agreement between experimental data and different parameterizations of crystalline disorder. A new tool,phenix.diffuse, addresses this need by employing Guinier's equation to calculate diffuse scattering from Protein Data Bank (PDB)-formatted structural ensembles. As an example case,phenix.diffuseis applied to translation–libration–screw (TLS) refinement, which models rigid-body displacement for segments of the macromolecule. To enable the calculation of diffuse scattering from TLS-refined structures,phenix.tls_as_xyzbuilds multi-model PDB files that sample the underlying T, L and S tensors. In the glycerophosphodiesterase GpdQ, alternative TLS-group partitioning and different motional correlations between groups yield markedly dissimilar diffuse scattering maps with distinct implications for molecular mechanism and allostery. These methods demonstrate how, in principle, X-ray diffuse scattering could extend macromolecular structural refinement, validation and analysis.

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Vallio, Caio Sain, Simone Alvares Silva, Luciana Maria Malosá Sampaio, Daniela Biasotto-Gonzalez, Marcia Veloso Kuahara, Marcelo Frigero, and Raquel Agnelli Mesquita Ferrari. "Efeito do ultrassom terapêutico na sintomatologia e qualidade de vida de pacientes com síndrome de fibromialgia – Estudo Piloto." ConScientiae Saúde 8, no. 4 (March 3, 2010): 665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/conssaude.v8i4.2030.

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Introdução: A Síndrome de Fibromialgia (SF) é caracterizada pela presença de dor muscular difusa, tender points, fadiga e distúrbios no sono. Objetivos: Neste estudo, analisou-se o efeito do ultrassom terapêutico (US), na dor, rigidez, quantidade de tender points, qualidade do sono e de vida de quatro voluntárias com SF. Método: As pacientes foram avaliadas pré e pós-tratamento para verificação da quantidade de tender points positivos, da Qualidade de Vida utilizando o questionário Short Form -36 (SF-36), e da qualidade do sono, dor e rigidez, com auxílio de Escalas Visuais Analógicas (EVAs). Realizaram-se 10 sessões de tratamento utilizando o US (1 MHz, pulsado a 20%, intensidade 0,5w/cm2, 1 minuto em cada tender point). Resultados: Os resultados evidenciaram melhora significativa da dor, qualidade do sono e de vida além de redução de tender points positivos após o tratamento. Conclusão: O US induziu a melhora de sintomatologia, qualidade do sono e de vida das pacientes com SF.

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Pérez, J., P. Faure, and J. P. Benoit. "Molecular Rigid-Body Displacements in a Tetragonal Lysozyme Crystal Confirmed by X-ray Diffuse Scattering." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 52, no. 4 (July 1, 1996): 722–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0907444996002594.

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Ramírez Villaescusa, José, Marcela Restrepo Pérez, and David Ruiz Picazo. "Spinal Epidural Hematoma Related to Vertebral Fracture in an Atypical Rigid Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis." Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation 8, no. 1 (December 14, 2016): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2151458516681633.

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Pacífico da Silva, I., R. A. Lira, R. R. Barbosa, J. S. Batista, and B. Soto-Blanco. "INTOXICAÇÃO NATURAL PELAS FOLHAS DE MASCAGNIA RIGIDA (MALPIGHIACEAE) EM OVINOS." Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 75, no. 2 (June 2008): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657v75p2292008.

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RESUMO Mascagnia rigida, cipó ou arbusto da família Malpighiaceae, denominada popularmente como tingui e timbó, é uma das plantas tóxicas mais conhecidas, presente na região Nordeste e parte da região Sudeste do Brasil. Representa uma significante causa de morte em bovinos e caprinos. No entanto, até o momento, não foi descrito nenhum caso de intoxicação natural em ovinos. Assim, o presente trabalho procura descrever, pela primeira vez, quatro surtos de intoxicação por M. rigida em ovinos. Os surtos ocorreram nos Municípios de Mossoró (três surtos) e Upanema (um surto), no Rio Grande do Norte, em 2006. A sintomatologia clínica dos animais afetados consistiu em apatia, tremores musculares, taquicardia, dificuldade em se manter em pé, dispnéia e convulsões seguidas de morte. As lesões histológicas observadas foram infiltrado multifocal de células linfocitárias no miocárdio associado a edema e degeneração dos miócitos, e degeneração vacuolar difusa dos hepatócitos. Para confirmar a etiologia da doença, foi realizado um experimento com duas ovelhas saudáveis administrando-se diariamente folhas frescas da M. rigida. No primeiro e no segundo dia foi administrada a planta na dose de 10 g/kg de peso vivo, enquanto no terceiro e no quarto dia, a dose foi de 20 g/kg. Aproximadamente 2 horas após a última administração (quarto dia), os animais apresentaram manifestações clínicas semelhantes à intoxicação natural, inclusive morte. Os achados patológicos também foram similares aos casos naturais. Assim, a espécie ovina também é naturalmente afetada pela intoxicação por M. rigida e há um efeito cumulativo, sendo a dose letal total de 60 g/kg de peso vivo.

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Stoessl, A. Jon, and Jean Rivest. "Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonism." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 26, S2 (August 1999): S1—S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100000020.

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The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is predominantly clinical, based on a combination of the cardinal features of tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity. The differential essentially lies between other conditions resulting in tremor, of which essential tremor is the commonest, and other akinetic-rigid syndromes. These include progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple system atrophy, toxins and other degenerative disorders, including diffuse Lewy body disease and corticobasal degeneration. The key clinical features of these disorders and a practical diagnostic approach are briefly reviewed in this article.

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Gopmandal, Partha P., S. Bhattacharyya, and H. Ohshima. "Effect of hydrophobic core on the electrophoresis of a diffuse soft particle." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 473, no. 2199 (March 2017): 20160942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0942.

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Electrophoresis of a diffuse soft particle with a charged hydrophobic core is considered under the weak field and low charge density assumptions. The hydrophobic surface of the core is coated with a diffuse polyelectrolyte layer (PEL) in which a gradual transition of the polymer segment distribution from the impenetrable core to the surrounding electrolyte medium is considered. A mathematical model is adopted to analyse the impact of the core hydrophobicity on the diffuse soft particle electrophoresis. The mobility based on the present model for the limiting cases such as bare colloids with hydrophobic core and soft particles with no-slip rigid cores are in good agreement with the existing results. The presence of PEL charges produces the impact of the core hydrophobicity on the soft particle mobility different from the corresponding bare colloid with hydrophobic surface in an electrolyte medium. The impact of the core hydrophobicity is subtle when the hydrodynamic screening length of the PEL is low. Reversal in mobility can be achieved by tuning the core hydrophobicity for an oppositely charged core and PEL.

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Yadav, Rajesh Kumar, Jitendra Kumar Saini, Prabhpreet Sethi, and Rohit Sarin. "A Rare Case of Bronchial Anthracofibrosis with Pleural Anthracosis Presented as Recurrent Pleural Effusion." Case Reports in Pulmonology 2019 (August 28, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2982763.

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A fifty-eight-year-old, nonsmoker Indian male presented with recurrent left pleural effusion. He had history of dry cough, exertional breathlessness for the last two years. He denied any occupational exposure or second hand smoke exposure. His physical examination demonstrated decreased breath sounds on the left side of chest. Cardiac evaluation was unremarkable. Diagnostic pleural aspiration revealed straw coloured fluid, exudative, and nonmalignant in nature. CT-imaging of the chest demonstrated left pleural effusion, nodular parenchymal infiltrates in bilateral lungs, plate like atelectasis in the left lower lobe. Bronchoscopy showed diffuse airway pigmentation, right middle lobe opening, and left lower lobe bronchus pigmented and stenosed. Semi-rigid pleuro-videoscopy revealed diffuse black coloured deposits over visceral pleura and focally scattered deposits over parietal pleura. Spirometry showed mild airway obstruction with moderate impairment in diffusion capacity.

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Perez, J., Ph Faure, and J. P. Benoit. "X-ray diffuse scattering from a lysozyme crystal analysed with a rigid-body model of displacements." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 52, a1 (August 8, 1996): C19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s010876739609825x.

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Wall, Michael E. "Internal protein motions in molecular-dynamics simulations of Bragg and diffuse X-ray scattering." IUCrJ 5, no. 2 (January 25, 2018): 172–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252518000519.

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Molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations of Bragg and diffuse X-ray scattering provide a means of obtaining experimentally validated models of protein conformational ensembles. This paper shows that compared with a single periodic unit-cell model, the accuracy of simulating diffuse scattering is increased when the crystal is modeled as a periodic supercell consisting of a 2 × 2 × 2 layout of eight unit cells. The MD simulations capture the general dependence of correlations on the separation of atoms. There is substantial agreement between the simulated Bragg reflections and the crystal structure; there are local deviations, however, indicating both the limitation of using a single structure to model disordered regions of the protein and local deviations of the average structure away from the crystal structure. Although it was anticipated that a simulation of longer duration might be required to achieve maximal agreement of the diffuse scattering calculation with the data using the supercell model, only a microsecond is required, the same as for the unit cell. Rigid protein motions only account for a minority fraction of the variation in atom positions from the simulation. The results indicate that protein crystal dynamics may be dominated by internal motions rather than packing interactions, and that MD simulations can be combined with Bragg and diffuse X-ray scattering to model the protein conformational ensemble.

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Distelberg, Brian John, and Adrian Blow. "Variations in Family System Boundaries." Family Business Review 24, no. 1 (March 2011): 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894486510393502.

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Literature focused on the strength of the boundary around the family system has often provided mixed advice with some suggesting a rigid boundary and others suggesting a diffuse boundary. This study argues that these conflicting findings are due to the limitation of underlying research methods. This study employs a mixed method design that incorporates qualitative data, social network analysis, and multilevel modeling to categorize family businesses into three distinct boundary strength categories. Findings from this study suggest that extremes in boundary strengths provide unique challenges for family businesses. This study also identifies the impact of various levels of boundary strength on nonfamily employees.

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MOHRI, TETSUO. "SHORT RANGE ORDERING AND LOCAL DISPLACEMENT OF ALLOYS STUDIED BY CVM." International Journal of Computational Materials Science and Engineering 01, no. 02 (June 2012): 1250018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2047684112500182.

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Cluster Variation Method (CVM) is a powerful statistical mechanics means to investigate phase equilibria of an alloy. The advantageous feature of the CVM stems from the fact that wide range of atomic correlations which play an important role at the phase transition is efficiently incorporated into the free energy formula. Hence, configurational fluctuation can be systematically studied through the calculations of correlation functions in the real space and short range order diffuse intensity spectrum in the k-space. However, one of the deficiencies of the conventional CVM is the fact that local lattice distortion (local atomic displacement) is not correctly dealt with. In order to improve such shortcomings, Continuous Displacement Cluster Variation Method (CDCVM) has been developed. In the CDCVM, local lattice distortion is mapped onto the configurational freedom of a multi-component alloy on a rigid (uniformly deformable) lattice. With CDCVM, the applicability of CVM is enlarged and the calculations of diffuse intensity spectrum originating from local lattice distortion can be performed.

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Chen, Philip G., Michael R. Clampitt, Kevin T. Chorath, Ryan P. Lin, Erik K. Weitzel, Kevin C. McMains, and Leonid Bunegin. "Augmentation of Dural Defect Repairs Strength With an Acrylic Plate in a Porcine Ex Vivo Model." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 33, no. 6 (July 31, 2019): 757–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1945892419866310.

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Background Large skull base defects can be challenging to repair. This study uses a controlled ex vivo model to examine the failure pressures of various dural repairs of large skull base defects using mucosa with fibrin glue under 3 conditions: No Additional Support of the repair, support with a Foley catheter (Direct Support), and with Foley catheter contact over a rigid acrylic plate (Diffuse Support). Methods Failure pressures of dural repairs with and without support were determined in a porcine model using an ex vivo closed testing apparatus. In addition, 20 mm × 15 mm dural defects were created. Skull base repairs were performed using porcine dura as an underlay graft followed by a septal mucosa overlay. Saline was infused at 30 mL/h, applying even force to the underside of the graft until repair failure occurred for each condition (none, direct, and diffuse support). Five trials were performed per repair type for a total of 15 repairs. Results The mean failure pressures were as follows: No Additional Support, 6.494 ± 2.553 mm Hg; Direct Support, 5.103 ± 3.913 mm Hg; and Diffuse Support, 15.649 ± 2.638 mm Hg. A post hoc Bonferroni-Holm test demonstrated significant difference between No Additional Support and Diffuse Support ( P = .001), as well as Direct Support and Diffuse Support ( P = .002). Conclusion Support of dural repairs in this model withstood higher pressures when the Foley catheter’s support is distributed evenly using a flat acrylic plate. Use of this plate is the only repair tested in this model that tolerated normal adult supine intracranial pressures.

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Gopmandal, Partha P., S. Bhattacharyya, Manish Banerjee, and H. Ohshima. "Electrophoresis of diffuse soft particles with dielectric charged rigid core grafted with charge regulated inhomogeneous polymer segments." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 504 (September 2016): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.05.021.

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Pinheiro, Marcelo de Medeiros, and Thauana Luiza de Oliveira. "Diagnóstico diferencial das entesopatias. Parte 4 – Hiperostose esquelética idiopática difusa." Êntese – Uma R(E)volução, no. 2020 out-dez;19(4) (December 31, 2020): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.46833/reumatologiasp.2020.19.4.44-54.

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A hiperostose esquelética idiopática difusa (DISH) é uma condição sistêmica caracterizada pela progressiva calcificação de ligamentos e ênteses, tanto axiais quanto periféricas, e com fisiopatogenia ainda desconhecida. Os principais fatores de risco associados são envelhecimento, obesidade e síndrome metabólica. Na maioria das vezes, o diagnóstico é incidental e realizado por meio de métodos de imagem solicitados por outras condições não relacionadas à DISH. A evolução dos sintomas é lenta, mas pode ser progressiva, incluindo dor torácica, lombar e/ou cervical; rigidez axial e articular; sintomas de compressão radicular (parestesia, claudicação e fraqueza em membros inferiores) e dor mono ou poliarticular. Com relação aos exames laboratoriais, os reagentes de fase aguda estão dentro da normalidade, em geral, e a prevalência do Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-B27 é semelhante à população geral. Embora sem biomarcadores específicos, os marcadores de síndrome metabólica, como elevação da ferritina e insulina, podem estar presentes. O principal método de imagem na DISH é a radiografia da coluna vertebral, que caracteristicamente mostra a presença de calcificação do ligamento longitudinal anterior, com aspecto ondulante, sobretudo no lado direito da coluna torácica. A entesopatia periférica ou extra-axial também pode ser encontrada, particularmente em pés e joelhos. O tratamento é sintomático e baseia-se em analgesia, modulação da dor e reabilitação, bem como o controle do estado de resistência periférica à insulina. Unitermos: Hiperostose esquelética idiopática difusa. Condições patológicas. Quadro clínico. Diagnóstico. Diagnóstico diferencial. Classificação. Tratamento.

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Li, Yi Nan, and Zi Long Peng. "The Effect of Element Ag and P in Dissolving Action and Mechanical Performance of the Welds during Weld Brazing of Copper." Advanced Materials Research 472-475 (February 2012): 1151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.1151.

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Dissolving action of Ag and P during weld brazing of thick copper plates without preheating was investigated and the mechanical performance of the weld of copper was analyzed. The difference of dissolving action between Ag and P is that Ag-Cu binary alloys dissolve base metals in form of body dissolution, while P diffuse into grain boundary first and reach the limit solid solubility gradually then the surface layer of base metal begins to dissolving. The stirring function of arc is important for dissolving action of P but has little effect on dissolving action of Ag. P in form of rigid and brittle Cu3P increases the micro-hardness of welds.

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Tsang, Boyce, Zachary E. Dell, Lingxiang Jiang, Kenneth S. Schweizer, and Steve Granick. "Dynamic cross-correlations between entangled biofilaments as they diffuse." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 13 (March 10, 2017): 3322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1620935114.

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Entanglement in polymer and biological physics involves a state in which linear interthreaded macromolecules in isotropic liquids diffuse in a spatially anisotropic manner beyond a characteristic mesoscopic time and length scale (tube diameter). The physical reason is that linear macromolecules become transiently localized in directions transverse to their backbone but diffuse with relative ease parallel to it. Within the resulting broad spectrum of relaxation times there is an extended period before the longest relaxation time when filaments occupy a time-averaged cylindrical space of near-constant density. Here we show its implication with experiments based on fluorescence tracking of dilutely labeled macromolecules. The entangled pairs of aqueous F-actin biofilaments diffuse with separation-dependent dynamic cross-correlations that exceed those expected from continuum hydrodynamics up to strikingly large spatial distances of ≈15 µm, which is more than 104 times the size of the solvent water molecules in which they are dissolved, and is more than 50 times the dynamic tube diameter, but is almost equal to the filament length. Modeling this entangled system as a collection of rigid rods, we present a statistical mechanical theory that predicts these long-range dynamic correlations as an emergent consequence of an effective long-range interpolymer repulsion due to the de Gennes correlation hole, which is a combined consequence of chain connectivity and uncrossability. The key physical assumption needed to make theory and experiment agree is that solutions of entangled biofilaments localized in tubes that are effectively dynamically incompressible over the relevant intermediate time and length scales.

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Pieren, Reto, Beat Schäffer, Stefan Schoenwald, and Kurt Eggenschwiler. "Sound absorption of textile curtains – theoretical models and validations by experiments and simulations." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 1 (October 23, 2016): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516673337.

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Textile curtains can be designed to be good sound absorbers. Their acoustical performance, as usually described by the sound absorption coefficient, not only depends on the textile itself but also on the drapery fullness and the backing condition, that is, the spacing between the fabric and a rigid backing wall, or the absence of a backing in the case of a freely hanging curtain. This article reviews existing models to predict the diffuse-field sound absorption coefficient, which to date can only predict the case of flat curtains. A set of existing models is extended to the case of curtains with drapery fullness using a semi-empirical approach. The models consider different backing conditions, including freely hanging curtains. The existing and new models are validated by comparing predicted sound absorption coefficients with data measured in a reverberation room. Hereby, curtains consisting of different fabrics and with different degrees of fullness are considered. Besides situations with rigid backing, also the measurement data of textiles hung freely in space are included in this study. Comparisons reveal a very good agreement between measured and predicted sound absorption coefficients. Compared to currently available commercial sound absorption prediction software that can only handle the situation of flat textiles with rigid backing, the results of the presented models not only show a better agreement with measured data, but also cover a broader range of situations. The presented models are thus well applicable in the design and development of new textiles as well as in the room acoustical planning process.

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Aberkane-Gauthier, Natacha, Miguel Moleròn, Damien Lecoq, Clément Lagarrigue, Charles Pézerat, and Vincente Romero-García. "Phononic crystal sandwich for broadband and low frequency acoustic insulation under diffuse field." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 2296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2098.

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Light and thin structures exhibiting high sound insulation over a wide frequency range are a major industrial concern, especially in the transport and building sectors. Phononic crystals constitute promising solutions to solve this issue due to their particular dispersion properties. In this work, we build a system consisting of a well-known sandwich panel comprising a soft elastic core layer hosting periodically arranged rigid inclusions. Diffuse field measurements show a huge improvement of the Transmission Loss compared to the system without inclusions. In fact, for this kind of panel, the structured core enables Bragg band-gap opening for guided slow propagating waves leading to low frequency and broadband enhancement of the Transmission Loss. Using a 3cm-thick material we are able to improve the response from 300 Hz on (λ/38 in air). We then develop a finite elements model to achieve a precise description and understanding of the problem. We also propose a numerical tool to analyze the system's band-structures from a vibroacoustic point of view. It proves very useful for the further development of practical solutions.

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Sheley, Roger L., James S. Jacobs, and Michael F. Carpinelli. "Distribution, Biology, and Management of Diffuse Knapweed (Centaurea diffusa) and Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea maculosa)." Weed Technology 12, no. 2 (June 1998): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00043931.

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Diffuse knapweed, a biennial or short-lived perennial, and spotted knapweed, a perennial, are taprooted Eurasian weeds invading rangeland in the western United States and Canada. Knapweed (Centaureaspp.) invasion is associated with reductions in biodiversity, wildlife, and livestock forage, and increased erosion. Spotted knapweed grows to about 1 m and usually has purple flowers, whereas diffuse knapweed is slightly shorter, usually with white flowers. Persistent flower bracts on diffuse knapweed bear a rigid terminal spine about 8 mm long with four or five pairs of shorter lateral spines. Bracts on spotted knapweed have dark spotted tips. Knapweed management involves a combination of containing infestations and control efforts. Hand pulling in areas with small infestations can be effective for controlling spotted and diffuse knapweeds. Picloram applied at 0.28 kg ha−1provides control for about 3 yr. Effective long-term control of knapweeds requires periodic applications of picloram, which are only cost-effective on highly productive range sites with a residual grass understory. About 12 insect species have been released for knapweed biocontrol. Seed production has been reduced by 46% by insects feeding in the flower heads. Although insects have not reduced spotted knapweed densities, they may stress the weed and shift the competitive balance to associated species. Sheep grazing reduces the density of very young seedlings and may limit seedling recruitment into the population. In areas without a residual understory of desired plant species, revegetation of knapweed-infested rangeland is required. Components of any integrated weed management program are sustained effort, constant evaluation, and the adoption of improved strategies.

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Tomomasa, Yano, Cleide Ferreira Catani, Michiko Arita, Takeshi Honda, and Toshio Miwatani. "Purification and parcial characterization of a hemagglutinating factor (HAF): a possible adhesive factor of the diffuse adherent of Escherichia coli (DAEC)." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 38, no. 6 (December 1996): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651996000600003.

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The mannose-resistant hemagglutinating factor (HAF) was extracted and purified from a diffuse adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC) strain belonging to the classic enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) serotype (0128). The molecular weight of HAF was estimated to be 18 KDa by SDS-PAGE and 66 KDa by Sephadex G100, suggesting that the native form of HAF consists of 3-4 monomeric HAF. Gold immunolabeling with specific HAF antiserum revealed that the HAF is not a rigid structure like fimbriae on the bacterial surface. The immunofluorescence test using purified HAF on HeLa cells, in addition to the fact that the HAF is distributed among serotypes of EPEC, suggests that HAF is a possible adhesive factor of DAEC strains

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Margulies, S. S., and L. E. Thibault. "An Analytical Model of Traumatic Diffuse Brain Injury." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 111, no. 3 (August 1, 1989): 241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3168373.

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Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) with prolonged coma has been produced in the primate using an impulsive, rotational acceleration of the head without impact. This pathophysiological entity has been studied subsequently from a biomechanics perspective using physical models of the skull-brain structure. Subjected to identical loading conditions as the primate, these physical models permit one to measure the deformation within the surrogate brain tissue as a function of the forces applied to the head. An analytical model designed to approximate these experiments has been developed in order to facilitate an analysis of the parameters influencing brain deformation. These three models together are directed toward the development of injury tolerance criteria based upon the shear strain magnitude experienced by the deep white matter of the brain. The analytical model geometry consists of a rigid, right-circular cylindrical shell filled with a Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic material. Allowing no slip on the boundary, the shell is subjected to a sudden, distributed, axisymmetric, rotational load. A Fourier series representation of the load allows unrestricted load-time histories. The exact solution for the relative angular displacement (V) and the infinitesimal shear strain (ε) at any radial location in the viscoelastic material with respect to the shell was determined. The strain response for brain tissue (μ = 345 Poise, G = 1.38 × 104 Pa) was examined at the non-dimensional radial location R = 0.3. The size (1.8<R0<6.8 cm) and constitutive properties of the brain, and the magnitude, duration (2<TD<100 msec) and waveform (sine, square, triangle) of the applied load were varied independently; each contributed to the response of the tissue. Strain increased linearly with increasing magnitude of the applied load and exponentially with increasing brain size (where the exponent n was frequency-dependent). Peak angular acceleration (Θ¨p) and peak angular velocity (ΔΘ˙p) were defined as appropriate load descriptors. As ΔΘ˙p increased, strain rose rapidly and was independent of Θ¨p, then levelled off and was highly sensitive to Θ¨p.

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Hentschel, Florian, and Stefan Lüth. "Clinical and endoscopic characteristics of diffuse esophageal intramural pseudo-diverticulosis." Esophagus 17, no. 4 (March 11, 2020): 492–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10388-020-00729-6.

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Abstract Introduction With 250 published cases worldwide, diffuse esophageal intramural pseudo-diverticulosis (DEIPD) is a poorly understood disease. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of DEIPD in our own population, identify risk factors and clinical symptoms, and characterize its typical endoscopic signs. Methods Retrospective search in our center’s endoscopic and clinical database. Reviewing of all cases by re-examining stored endoscopic photographs. Reviewing of all cases regarding age, sex, risk factors, comorbidities, histology, and clinical symptoms. Results In a population of 150.000 we found 21 cases of DEIPD. Mean age was 56 ± 10 years. 86% were males, 76% had alcohol abuse, 57% had nicotine abuse, 38% had arteriosclerosis, 33% had COPD, 29% had malignancies, 24% had liver cirrhosis, 19% had impaired kidney function, and 15% had diabetes. Dysphagia was present in 62% and food bolus impaction (single or repeated) in 48%. Endoscopically, 95% of patients had multiple (> 4), small (0.25–2.5 mm) pseudodiverticle openings in the esophageal wall. In 62%, openings were aligned longitudinally. 86% showed edematous swelling of mucosa (“frosted glass look”), 76% showed a fine-grained pattern of small (10–100 µm) red dots (“faux uni pattern”), and 76% had a rigid, narrow lumen with multiple rings (“trachealization”). Conclusion With a prevalence of approximately 5 to 50/100.000, DEIPD may be more frequent than previously estimated. It preferably affects middle-aged male alcoholics. Key symptoms are chronic dysphagia and food impaction. Typical endoscopic findings are multiple, small, longitudinally aligned pseudodiverticle openings, frosted glass look, faux uni pattern, and trachealization of the esophagus.

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Wright, Susanna. "Atteggiamento analitico ? focus o embodiment? Comunicazioni sottili nella relazione transferale." STUDI JUNGHIANI, no. 53 (July 2021): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/jun1-2021oa12320.

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L'articolo prende in esame una "caduta" avvenuta nel corso di un'analisi, in un momento in cui l'attenzione analitica era focalizzata sul livello conscio, dissociata dagli aspetti incarnati e viscerali del paziente. L'attenzione focalizzata troppo rigida viene qui descritta come una potenziale difesa che tiene a distanza le esperienze di sopraffazione e vulnerabilità inscritte nel corpo, esperienze che potrebbero dominare oscuramente parti della personalità non illuminate dal ristretto raggio di luce della consapevolezza cosciente. D'altra parte, come un sogno che emerge dall'inconscio, così un enactment dell'analista porta nella stanza d'analisi aspetti trascurati della relazione transferale. In seguito, la mente sognante del paziente ha prodotto alcune immagini che hanno suggerito una lettura della dinamica sottostante. Queste sottili comunicazioni, insieme all'atteggiamento del paziente nei confronti del momento di assenza dell'analista, sono considerate come fattori positivi per il raggiungimento di una maggiore integrazione delle esperienze incarnate. Viene discussa la difficoltà dell'analista nel riuscire a formulare tali eventi, insieme alla necessità di tenere in mente tali "accadimenti" per lunghi periodi di tempo prima che possa esserne adombrata una spiegazione.

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Dias Rosa, Catarina Isabel. "Uma improvável queimadura: Relato de caso de Esclerose Sistémica Difusa." Revista ADSO 7, no. 11 (February 8, 2020): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35323/revadso.7112019118.

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Introdução:A Esclerose Sistémica Difusa (ESD) é uma doença autoimune, de causa desconhecida, que pode afetar múltiplos sistemas de órgãos, condicionando gravemente a qualidade de vida dos doentes afetados. Embora não sejam conhecidos os agentes que modifiquem a evolução da doença, a terapêutica imunossupressora deverá ser iniciada numa fase precoce, sendo por esse motivo primordial o seu reconhecimento nas fases mais iniciais. Inevitavelmente a ESD condiciona elevado impacto a nível físico e psicológico do doente, devendo ser considerados fatores como o estado nutricional, a dor, o descondicionamento físico, a atrofia muscular, comorbilidades, o impacto psicológico da doença e o isolamento social. A abordagem dos doentes com ESD deve ser por isso baseada numa visão global e multidisciplinar. Descrição do caso:Apresenta-se um caso de uma mulher de 50 anos, sem antecedentes pessoais ou familiares de relevo para a doença atual. Apresentava edema e rubor de ambas as mãos associado a rigidez matinal de 30 minutos com duas semanas de evolução, sendo objetivável ao exame objetivo edema em todos os dedos de ambas as mãos, rubor ligeiro nas articulações metacarpicofalâncias, interfalângicas distais e interfalângicas proximais, ausência de dor à palpação ou mobilização das articulações e ligeira limitação na flexão. Foi orientada a nível hospitalar inicialmente pela especialidade de Medicina Interna tendo sido colocada a hipótese diagnóstica de ESD após realização de meios complementares de diagnóstico. Por se tratar de uma doença que multiorgânica mantem seguimento atualmente em consultas de Reumatologia, Dermatologia, Medicina Física e de Reabilitação e Pneumologia. Comentário:Embora a ESD seja uma doença extremamente rara, o relato deste caso realça a importância do conhecimento por parte do médico de família dos sinais de alarme da doença reumatológica. Alem disso o médico de família tem ainda papel na gestão da multimorbilidade associada e de suporte aos cuidadores do doente.

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Hongxia, Zhang, Dong Wenming, Huang Meide, and Tao Zuyi. "Characterization and Differentiation of Chemical Heterogeneity in Humic Substances by Continuous Intrinsic Proton Affinity Distribution." Adsorption Science & Technology 20, no. 4 (May 2002): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/02636170260295524.

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The chemical heterogeneity of proton binding on humic substances was studied via continuous intrinsic proton affinity distributions calculated using the condensation approximation from the master curves for two soil fulvic acids (FAs), one soil humic acid (HA) and one fulvic acid obtained from weathered coal. The master curves, i.e. plots of θT,H (the overall protonation degree) versus Hs (the proton concentration in the diffuse double layer), were obtained from potentiometric titration curves at three ionic strengths. The value of Hs was calculated using an electrical double-layer model in which the humic substances were considered as rigid impermeable spheres. For all four samples, the proton affinity distributions were characterized by a few peaks with peak positions in the range 4–5.5. The similarities and differences between the samples studied were discussed.

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Galakhova, Anastasiia, Mercedes Santiago-Calvo, Josias Tirado-Mediavilla, Fernando Villafañe, Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez, and Gisbert Riess. "Identification and Quantification of Cell Gas Evolution in Rigid Polyurethane Foams by Novel GCMS Methodology." Polymers 11, no. 7 (July 17, 2019): 1192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11071192.

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This paper presents a new methodology based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) in order to separate and quantify the gases presented inside the cells of rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams. To demonstrate this novel methodology, the gas composition along more than three years of aging is herein determined for two samples: a reference foam and foam with 1.5 wt% of talc. The GCMS method was applied, on one hand, for the accurate determination of C5H10 and CO2 cell gases used as blowing agents and, on the other hand, for N2 and O2 air gases that diffuse rapidly from the surrounding environment into foam cells. GCMS results showed that CO2 leaves foam after 2.5 month (from 21% to 0.03% for reference foam and from 17% to 0.03% for foam with 1.5% talc). C5H10 deviates during 3.5 months (from 28% up to 39% for reference foam and from 29% up to 36% for foam with talc), then it starts to leave the foam and after 3.5 year its content is 13% for reference and 10% for foam with talc. Air diffuses inside the cells faster for one year (from 51% up to 79% for reference and from 54% up to 81% for foam with talc) and then more slowly for 3.5 years (reaching 86% for reference and 90% for foam with talc). Thus, the fast and simple presented methodology provides valuable information to understand the long-term thermal conductivity of the RPU foams.

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Arora, Ritu, and Sonal Dangda. "Diffuse Sterile Corneal Infiltration: An Unusual Complication Post Collagen Cross-linkage." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 4, no. 3 (2015): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1111.

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ABSTRACT Purpose Presenting the course of visually disabling corneal infiltration post uneventful collagen cross-linking (CXL) in a 23 years old male with bilateral keratoconus. Methods A 23 years old male with bilateral keratoconus underwent cross-linking of left eye with indigenous 0.1% riboflavin dye and 370 nm ultraviolet A irradiation. This patient had an uneventful successful cross-linking performed in right eye 6 months prior with good recovery of vision to LogMAR (6/9 Snellen). Results Patient developed diminution of vision, along with redness of eye, photophobia and watering on 3rd day after uneventful cross-linkage. Examination revealed very poor vision; diffuse corneal clouding with multiple superficial stromal infiltrates and incomplete corneal epithelization. A provisional diagnosis of infective keratitis was made, in situ bandage contact lens (BCL) removed and subjected to culture. Intensive fortified topical antibiotics were initiated and steroids withheld. After complete corneal re-epithelization on 6th day, the infiltrations did not decrease in either intensity or number. Response to antibiotics being inadequate, an immune etiology was suspected and full strength topical steroids reinstituted which resulted in slow resolution of infiltration over a 10 weeks period. Last follow-up at 9 months post-CXL, revealed a diffuse stromal haze with unaided visual acuity of LogMAR 0.8 6/36 and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 0.3 (6/12) with use of a rigid gas permeable lens. Conclusion Sterile infiltration post-CXL requiring intense topical steroids is a rare complication of CXL and needs to be differentiated from infective keratitis. How to cite this article Bhattacharyya M, Singh K, Mutreja A, Dangda S, Arora R. Diffuse Sterile Corneal Infiltration: An Unusual Complication Post Collagen Cross-linkage. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2015;4(3):115-119.

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Niu, Yingli, Xiangyu Bu, and Xinghua Zhang. "Single Chain Mean-Field Theory Study on Responsive Behavior of Semiflexible Polymer Brush." Materials 14, no. 4 (February 7, 2021): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040778.

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The application of single chain mean-field theory (SCMFT) on semiflexible chain brushes is reviewed. The worm-like chain (WLC) model is the best mode of semiflexible chain that can continuously recover to the rigid rod model and Gaussian chain (GC) model in rigid and flexible limits, respectively. Compared with the commonly used GC model, SCMFT is more applicable to the WLC model because the algorithmic complexity of the WLC model is much higher than that of the GC model in self-consistent field theory (SCFT). On the contrary, the algorithmic complexity of both models in SCMFT are comparable. In SCMFT, the ensemble average of quantities is obtained by sampling the conformations of a single chain or multi-chains in the external auxiliary field instead of solving the modified diffuse equation (MDE) in SCFT. The precision of this calculation is controlled by the number of bonds Nm used to discretize the chain contour length L and the number of conformations M used in the ensemble average. The latter factor can be well controlled by metropolis Monte Carlo simulation. This approach can be easily generalized to solve problems with complex boundary conditions or in high-dimensional systems, which were once nightmares when solving MDEs in SCFT. Moreover, the calculations in SCMFT mainly relate to the assemble averages of chain conformations, for which a portion of conformations can be performed parallel on different computing cores using a message-passing interface (MPI).

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KHAIR, ADITYA S., and TODD M. SQUIRES. "Surprising consequences of ion conservation in electro-osmosis over a surface charge discontinuity." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 615 (November 25, 2008): 323–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002211200800390x.

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A variety of microfluidic technologies utilise electrokinetic transport over rigid surfaces possessing rapid variations in charge. Here, as a paradigmatic model system for such situations, we consider electro-osmosis past a flat plate possessing a discontinuous jump in surface charge. Although the problem is relatively simple to pose, our analysis highlights a number of interesting and somewhat surprising features. Notably, the standard assumption that the electric field outside the diffuse screening layer is equal to the uniform applied field leads to a violation of ion conservation, since the applied field drives an ionic surface current along the diffuse layer downstream of the jump, whereas there is zero surface current upstream. Instead, at the surface charge discontinuity, field lines are drawn into the diffuse layer to supply ions from the bulk electrolyte, thereby ensuring ion conservation. A simple charge conservation argument reveals that the length-scale over which this process occurs is of the order of the ratio of surface-to-bulk electrolyte conductivities, LH=σs/σb. For a highly charged surface, LH can be several orders of magnitude greater than the Debye screening length λD, which is typically nanometres in size. Remarkably, therefore, nano-scale surface conduction may cause micrometre-scale gradients in the bulk electric field. After a distance O(LH) downstream, the bulk field ‘heals’ and is once again equal to the applied field. Scaling all distances with the ‘healing length’ LH yields a universal set of equations for the bulk field and fluid flow, which are solved numerically. Finally, we discuss the role of surface conduction in driving a non-uniform ion distribution, or concentration polarization, in the bulk electrolyte.

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Héry, Stéphanie, Daniel Genest, and Jeremy C. Smith. "X-ray diffuse scattering and rigid-body motion in crystalline lysozyme probed by molecular dynamics simulation 1 1Edited by R. Huber." Journal of Molecular Biology 279, no. 1 (May 1998): 303–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.1998.1754.

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Jaensson, N. O., M. A. Hulsen, and P. D. Anderson. "On the use of a diffuse-interface model for the simulation of rigid particles in two-phase Newtonian and viscoelastic fluids." Computers & Fluids 156 (October 2017): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2017.06.024.

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Bandinelli, Marcele Bettim, Saulo Petinatti Pavarini, Danilo Carloto Gomes, Daniele Mariath Bassuino, Fabiana Wurster, Flademir Wouters, Claudio Estevão Farias da Cruz, and David Driemeier. "Intoxicação aguda por cobre em ovinos." Ciência Rural 43, no. 10 (October 2013): 1862–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782013001000021.

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Descrevem-se casos de intoxicação aguda por cobre em ovinos da raça Santa Inês, numa propriedade rural, no Rio Grande do Sul. Três ovelhas recém-paridas, que consumiam ração formulada para bovinos, ingeriram, avidamente, sal mineral comercial para bovinos e apresentaram doença clínica e morte, uma semana após a introdução do sal. Os animais desenvolveram anorexia, permaneceram em decúbito lateral, o qual evoluiu para esternal e apresentaram fasciculação e rigidez muscular generalizada, antes de morrerem. À necropsia de um desses animais, as principais alterações foram hepatomegalia moderada e acentuação do padrão lobular hepático, além de erosões e ulcerações multifocais aleatórias na mucosa abomasal. Na avaliação histológica do fígado, havia necrose hepatocelular centrolobular acentuada e difusa, tumefação de hepatócitos, predominantemente, na região periportal, além de pequena quantidade de células de Kupffer com pigmento granular citoplasmático. O diagnóstico baseou-se na história clínica, nos achados de necropsia e histopatológicos e confirmou-se pelas altas concentrações de cobre detectadas no tecido hepático e nas amostras de ração e sal mineral.

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Kairytė, Agnė, Arūnas Kremensas, Giedrius Balčiūnas, Sylwia Członka, and Anna Strąkowska. "Closed Cell Rigid Polyurethane Foams Based on Low Functionality Polyols: Research of Dimensional Stability and Standardised Performance Properties." Materials 13, no. 6 (March 21, 2020): 1438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061438.

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Currently, polyurethane foam producers come across the several problems when petroleum-based polyols are replaced with low functionality biomass, or waste-based, polyols. In addition, the dilemma is intensified with regulations that require full or partial replacement of blowing agents that can cause high ozone depletion with alternatives like water, which causes the formation of CO2. Therefore, these gases diffuse out of the foam so quickly that the polymeric cell walls cannot withstand the pressure, consequently causing huge dimensional changes at ambient temperature and humidity. Even though the theoretical stoichiometric balance is correct, the reality shows that it is not enough. Therefore, polyethylene terephthalate waste-based polyol was chosen as a low functionality polyol which was modified with high functionality sucrose-based polyol in order to obtain dimensionally stable polyurethane foams in the density range of 30–40 kg/m3. These more stable foams are characterized by linear changes no higher than 0.5%, short-term water absorption by partial immersion no higher than 0.35 kg/m2, and water vapor resistance factors up to 50. In order to obtain thermally efficient polyurethane foams, conventional blowing agents and water systems were implemented, thus, assuring thermal conductivity values in the range of 0.0198–0.0204 W/(m·K) and obtaining products which conform to all the requirements for performance of sprayed and factory-made polyurethane foam standards EN 14315-1 and EN 13165.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Difese rigide'

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