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Journal articles on the topic 'Différenciation in vitro des parasites'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 January 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

RICCOBONO, D., E. ROTA GRAZIOSI, S. FRANÇOIS, M. GAUTHIER, M. DROUET, and N. JULLIEN. "Régénération musculaire après une irradiation localisée à forte dose." Revue Médecine et Armées, Volume 50, Numéro 2 (June 6, 2024): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.8641.

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Ces vingt dernières années, une augmentation des accidents d'irradiation localisée à forte dose a été constatée, nécessitant le développement de nouvelles contre-mesures médicales pour assurer le traitement difficile des conséquences des rayonnements. L’exposition de la peau, mais aussi de la musculature sous-jacente, entraîne le développement d’un syndrome cutané radio-induit. Actuellement, le traitement de référence consiste en une chirurgie complétée par thérapie cellulaire ; ce qui améliore la survie fonctionnelle et globale du patient, mais laisse subsister un défaut musculaire limitant l

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Rottenberg, P., M. Freret, S. Calbo, T. Lequerré, and O. Vittecoq. "Effet de l’alpha-énolase sur la différenciation des monocytes in vitro." Revue du Rhumatisme 83 (November 2016): A143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1169-8330(16)30298-8.

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Mandelbaum, Jacqueline. "Différenciation in vitro d’ovocytes fonctionnels à partir de souris mâles [1]." Médecine de la Reproduction 25, no. 2 (2023): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/mte.2023.0953.

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Nakazawa, Shusuke, Takashi Maoka, Haruki Uemura, Yoshihiro Ito, and Hiroji Kanbara. "Malaria Parasites Giving Rise to Recrudescence In Vitro." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, no. 4 (2002): 958–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.4.958-965.2002.

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ABSTRACT Recrudescences were simulated in vitro with drug treatment to examine how drug-sensitive parasites survive the treatment. Various numbers of cultured parasites were treated with lethal doses of pyrimethamine or mefloquine for various lengths of time. Recrudescences were observed in parasite populations with larger initial numbers of parasites when the treatment duration was prolonged. Equal numbers of parasitized erythrocytes were treated with various concentrations of pyrimethamine or mefloquine. There was no clear linear relationship between the incidence of recrudescence and the dr

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Kocken, Clemens H. M., Hastings Ozwara, Annemarie van der Wel, Annette L. Beetsma, Jason M. Mwenda, and Alan W. Thomas. "Plasmodium knowlesi Provides a Rapid In Vitro and In Vivo Transfection System That Enables Double-Crossover Gene Knockout Studies." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 2 (2002): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.2.655-660.2002.

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ABSTRACT Transfection technology for malaria parasites provides a valuable tool for analyzing gene function and correlating genotype with phenotype. Transfection models are even more valuable when appropriate animal models are available in addition to complete in vitro systems to be able to fully analyze parasite-host interactions. Here we describe the development of such a model by using the nonhuman primate malaria Plasmodium knowlesi. Blood-stage parasites were adapted to long-term in vitro culture. In vitro-adapted parasites could readapt to in vivo growth and regain wild-type characterist

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Bouthors, Charlie, Charles-Henri Flouzat-lachaniette, Béatrice Laurent, Jérôme Allain, Hélène Rouard, and Nicolas Jullien. "Stimulation des cellules stromales mésenchymateuses humaines vers une différenciation nucléopulpogénique in vitro." Revue de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique 100, no. 7 (2014): S316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcot.2014.09.256.

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BARTLEY, P. M., S. WRIGHT, J. SALES, F. CHIANINI, D. BUXTON, and E. A. INNES. "Long-term passage of tachyzoites in tissue culture can attenuate virulence of Neospora caninum in vivo." Parasitology 133, no. 4 (2006): 421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182006000539.

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To determine whether prolonged in vitro passage would result in attenuation of virulence in vivo, Neospora caninum tachyzoites were passaged for different lengths of time in vitro and compared for their ability to cause disease in mice. Groups of Balb/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 5×106 or 1×107 of low-passage or high-passage N. caninum tachyzoites. The mice were monitored for changes in their demeanour and body weight, and were culled when severe clinical symptoms of murine neosporosis were observed. Mice inoculated with the high-passage parasites survived longer (P<0·05),

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Sereno, D., A. Monte Alegre, R. Silvestre, B. Vergnes, and A. Ouaissi. "In Vitro Antileishmanial Activity of Nicotinamide." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, no. 2 (2005): 808–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.2.808-812.2005.

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ABSTRACT Our study represents the first report demonstrating the antileishmanial activity of nicotinamide (NAm), a form of vitamin B3. A 5 mM concentration of NAm significantly inhibited the intracellular growth of Leishmania amastigotes and the NAD-dependent deacetylase activity carried by parasites overexpressing Leishmania major SIR2 (LmSIR2). However, the transgenic parasites were as susceptible as the wild-type parasites to NAm-induced cell growth arrest. Therefore, we conclude that NAm inhibits leishmanial growth and that overexpression of LmSIR2 does not overcome this inhibition. The me

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Visvesvara, Govinda S., and Lynne S. Garcia. "Culture of Protozoan Parasites." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 15, no. 3 (2002): 327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.15.3.327-328.2002.

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SUMMARY The in vitro culture of protozoan parasites involves highly complex procedures, which are subject to many variables. These parasites have very complex life cycles and, depending on the life cycle stage, may require different culture parameters. However, in vitro cultivation is important for many reasons, some of which include: diagnosis, antigen and antibody production, assessment of parasite immune modulating capabilities, drug screening, improvements in chemotherapy, differentiation of clinical isolates, determination of strain differences, vaccine production, development of attenuat

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Sushma, Kajal1* Snehil Gupta2 and Surbhi Gupta3. "Unlocking Insights: The significance of in vitro cultivation for haemoprotozoan parasites of veterinary importance." Science World a monthly e magazine 3, no. 9 (2023): 2495–500. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8417953.

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Abstract Haemoprotozoan parasites are microscopic organisms that invade the blood of animals, leading to severe health issues in veterinary medicine. Understanding their biology, life cycle and interactions with the host is paramount for developing effective control and treatment strategies. In vitro cultivation, the controlled growth and maintenance of these parasites in a laboratory environment, plays a pivotal role in advancing our knowledge and capabilities. This article explores the key significance of in vitro cultivation for haemoprotozoan parasites, encompassing research, drug developm

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Bazin, Hervé. "L’histoire des vaccinations. 2e partie : des vaccins pastoriens aux vaccins modernes." Bulletin de la Société Française d'Histoire de la Médecine et des Sciences Vétérinaires 13, no. 1 (2013): 45–63. https://doi.org/10.3406/bhsv.2013.1146.

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Cette présentation concerne la mise en route des vaccins à virulence atténuée par Pasteur et son équipe, donnant l’espoir d’obtenir un vaccin pour chaque maladie infectieuse. De nombreuses techniques ont été mises en oeuvre : vaccins chimiques, sérothérapie, séro-vaccination, vaccins tués (microbes) ou inactivés (virus), auto-vaccins, anatoxines, irradiation de parasites… pour les vaccins de première génération. La naissance de la biologie moléculaire et du génie génétique en microbiologie et en immunologie a conduit à une explosion de vaccins OGM dont les premiers exemples sont le vaccin hépa

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Yarlett, Nigel, Mary Morada, Deborah A. Schaefer, et al. "Genomic and virulence analysis of in vitro cultured Cryptosporidium parvum." PLOS Pathogens 20, no. 2 (2024): e1011992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011992.

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Recent advances in the in vitro cultivation of Cryptosporidium parvum using hollow fiber bioreactor technology (HFB) have permitted continuous growth of parasites that complete all life cycle stages. The method provides access to all stages of the parasite and provides a method for non-animal production of oocysts for use in clinical trials. Here we examined the effect of long-term (>20 months) in vitro culture on virulence-factors, genome conservation, and in vivo pathogenicity of the host by in vitro cultured parasites. We find low-level sequence variation that is consistent with that obs

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Luce, Eléanor, Antonietta Messina, Amandine Caillaud, et al. "Les organoïdes hépatiques." médecine/sciences 37, no. 10 (2021): 902–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2021119.

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L’étude et la compréhension de l’organogenèse du foie ont permis le développement de protocoles de différenciation des cellules souches pluripotentes afin de pallier le manque de cellules primaires, offrant ainsi une source quasi illimitée de cellules hépatiques. La différenciation de ces cellules dans des systèmes de culture conventionnels en deux dimensions (2D) ayant cependant montré ses limites, des organoïdes hépatiques ont été dérivés de cellules souches pluripotentes humaines et représentent désormais une alternative prometteuse. Ces structures 3D, complexes et organisées, intégrant un

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Nsobya, Samuel L., Moses Kiggundu, Sarah Nanyunja, Moses Joloba, Bryan Greenhouse, and Philip J. Rosenthal. "In Vitro Sensitivities of Plasmodium falciparum to Different Antimalarial Drugs in Uganda." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 3 (2010): 1200–1206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01412-09.

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ABSTRACT The control of malaria is challenged by resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to multiple drugs. New combination regimens are now advocated for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria, but the extent of resistance to newer agents is incompletely understood. We measured the in vitro sensitivity of P. falciparum parasites cultured from children enrolled in a drug efficacy trial in Kampala, Uganda, from 2006 to 2008. Sensitivities were measured by comparing levels of histidine-rich protein-2 in parasites incubated with different concentrations of drugs with those in untreated con

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Sanchez, C., M. Deberg, P. Msika, C. Baudoin, and Y. Henrotin. "Étude de conditions in vitro favorables à la différenciation hypertrophique des chondrocytes articulaires arthrosiques." Revue du Rhumatisme 74, no. 10-11 (2007): 1085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rhum.2007.10.121.

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Fressinaud, C., and J. Eyer. "Les peptides des neurofilaments liant la tubuline accroissent la différenciation des oligodendrocytes in vitro." Revue Neurologique 169 (April 2013): A104—A105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2013.01.250.

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Cudjoe, Elizabeth, Dickson Donu, Ruth E. Okonu, Jones A. Amponsah, and Linda E. Amoah. "The In Vitro Antiplasmodial Activities of Aqueous Extracts of Selected Ghanaian Herbal Plants." Journal of Parasitology Research 2020 (May 20, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5041919.

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Background. The asexual and sexual stages (gametocytes) of Plasmodium falciparum parasites are known to respond differently to antimalarial drugs. Herbal products with extended treatment regimens and inadequate dosing information are widely used to treat malaria in Ghana. This study set out to determine the in vitro activity of selected herbal extracts on the development of asexual and sexual stage malaria parasites. Methods. The 72-hour SYBR Green 1-based in vitro drug assay was used to determine the asexual parasite growth inhibitory effects exhibited by aqueous extracts of Alchornea cordifo

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Arrowood, Michael J. "In Vitro Cultivation of Cryptosporidium Species." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 15, no. 3 (2002): 390–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.15.3.390-400.2002.

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SUMMARY The in vitro cultivation of protozoan parasites of the genus Cryptosporidium has advanced significantly in recent years. These obligate, intracellular parasites colonize the epithelium of the digestive and respiratory tracts, are often difficult to obtain in significant numbers, produce durable oocysts that defy conventional chemical disinfection methods, and are persistently infectious when stored at refrigerated temperatures (4 to 8°C). While continuous culture and efficient life cycle completion (oocyst production) have not yet been achieved in vitro, routine methods for parasite pr

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Fernandez-Baca, Martha V., Cristian Hoban, Rodrigo A. Ore, et al. "The Differences in the Susceptibility Patterns to Triclabendazole Sulfoxide in Field Isolates of Fasciola hepatica Are Associated with Geographic, Seasonal, and Morphometric Variations." Pathogens 11, no. 6 (2022): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11060625.

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Triclabendazole (TCBZ) resistance is an emerging problem in fascioliasis that is not well understood. Studies including small numbers of parasites fail to capture the complexity of susceptibility variations between and within Fasciolahepatica populations. As the first step to studying the complex resistant phenotype–genotype associations, we characterized a large sample of adult F. hepatica with diverging TCBZ susceptibility. We collected parasites from naturally infected livestock slaughtered in the Cusco and Cajamarca regions of Peru. These parasites were exposed to TCBZ sulfoxide (TCBZ.SO)

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Genetu Bayih, Abebe, Anjan Debnath, Edward Mitre, et al. "Susceptibility Testing of Medically Important Parasites." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 30, no. 3 (2017): 647–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00111-16.

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SUMMARY In the last 2 decades, renewed attention to neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) has spurred the development of antiparasitic agents, especially in light of emerging drug resistance. The need for new drugs has required in vitro screening methods using parasite culture. Furthermore, clinical laboratories sought to correlate in vitro susceptibility methods with treatment outcomes, most notably with malaria. Parasites with their various life cycles present greater complexity than bacteria, for which standardized susceptibility methods exist. This review catalogs the state-of-the-art methodo

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Ozwara, Hastings, Jan A. M. Langermans, Clemens H. M. Kocken, et al. "Transfected Plasmodium knowlesi Produces Bioactive Host Gamma Interferon: a New Perspective for Modulating Immune Responses to Malaria Parasites." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 8 (2003): 4375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.8.4375-4381.2003.

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ABSTRACT Transgenic pathogenic microorganisms expressing host cytokines such as gamma interferon (IFN-γ) have been shown to manipulate host-pathogen interaction, leading to immunomodulation and enhanced protection. Expression of host cytokines in malaria parasites offers the opportunity to investigate the potential of an immunomodulatory approach by generating immunopotentiated parasites. Using the primate malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi, we explored the conditions for expressing host cytokines in malaria parasites. P. knowlesi parasites transfected with DNA constructs for expressing rhes

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Vincendeau, P., and M. Daëron. "Trypanosoma musculi co-express several receptors binding rodent IgM, IgE, and IgG subclasses." Journal of Immunology 142, no. 5 (1989): 1702–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.142.5.1702.

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Abstract The present work demonstrates the expression of receptors for the Fc portion of rodent Ig by the murine parasite Trypanosoma musculi. By using a rosette assay adapted to the parasite morphology and by flow cytometry analysis, three distinct receptors were identified. A receptor binding rabbit or rat polyclonal IgG and mouse monoclonal IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b was found on parasites purified from the blood and the peritoneal cavity of infected mice and on parasites maintained in culture conditions. This IgG receptor was degraded by pepsin. A separate receptor, binding only mouse monoclon

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Rosenberg, Alex, Madeline R. Luth, Elizabeth A. Winzeler, Michael Behnke, and L. David Sibley. "Evolution of resistance in vitro reveals mechanisms of artemisinin activity inToxoplasma gondii." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 52 (2019): 26881–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1914732116.

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Artemisinins are effective against a variety of parasites and provide the first line of treatment for malaria. Laboratory studies have identified several mechanisms for artemisinin resistance inPlasmodium falciparum, including mutations in Kelch13 that are associated with delayed clearance in some clinical isolates, although other mechanisms are likely involved. To explore other potential mechanisms of resistance in parasites, we took advantage of the genetic tractability ofToxoplasma gondii, a related parasite that shows moderate sensitivity to artemisinin. Resistant populations ofT. gondiiwe

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Manley, K. M., and J. A. Embil. "In vitro effect of ivermectin on Pseudoterranova decipiens survival." Journal of Helminthology 63, no. 1 (1989): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00008750.

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ABSTRACTThird larval stages (L3) removed from fish fillets, fourth larval stages (L4) raised in in vitro culture, and adults of Pseudoterranova decipiens, collected from grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) stomachs, were exposed to the broad spectrum anthelmintic, ivermectin. L3 and L4 parasites were exposed, in vitro, to 500, 100, 50, 20, 5 and 1 μg/ml concentrations of the drug, in culture media. Adult P. decipiens were exposed in vitro to a concentration of 500 μg/ml ivermectin, only. Controls consisted of parasites placed in culture media alone or culture media plus drug vehicle. These three de

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Mutoro, Christine N., Johnson K. Kinyua, Joseph K. Ng'ang'a, Daniel W. Kariuki, Johnstone M. Ingonga, and Christopher O. Anjili. "In vitro study of the efficacy of Solanum nigrum against Leishmania major." F1000Research 7 (August 22, 2018): 1329. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15826.1.

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Leishmania parasites (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) are obligate intracellular parasites of macrophages that causes visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases. Currently, there is inadequate therapeutic interventions to manage this endemic tropical disease, transmitted mainly by phlebotomine sandflies hence there is need to develop affordable and effective therapeutic measures. This study determined the in vitro efficacy of Solanum nigrum methanolic and aqueous plant extracts on Leishmania major parasites. Cytotoxic effects of the extracts were determined using vero cells and reported as percent

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BUCKLING, A., L. C. RANFORD-CARTWRIGHT, A. MILES, and A. F. READ. "Chloroquine increases Plasmodium falciparum gametocytogenesis in vitro." Parasitology 118, no. 4 (1999): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099003960.

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Malaria parasites are capable of modulating the diversion of resources from asexual growth to the production of stages infective to mosquitoes (gametocytes). Increased rates of gametocytogenesis appear to be a general response to stress, both naturally encountered and novel. We have previously reported earlier and greater gametocytogenesis in response to subcurative antimalarial chemotherapy in the rodent malaria, Plasmodium chabaudi, in vivo. Using an immunofluorescent assay to detect parasites that had invaded red blood cell monolayers, we demonstrate a 5-fold increase in gametocytogenesis i

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FRAME, M. J., J. C. MOTTRAM, and G. H. COOMBS. "Analysis of the roles of cysteine proteinases of Leishmania mexicana in the host–parasite interaction." Parasitology 121, no. 4 (2000): 367–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099006435.

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Promastigotes of Leishmania mexicana mutants lacking the multicopy CPB cysteine proteinase genes (ΔCPB) are markedly less able than wild-type parasites to infect macrophages in vitro. ΔCPB promastigotes invade macrophages in large numbers but are unable to survive in the majority of the cells. In contrast, ΔCPB amastigotes invade and survive within macrophages in vitro. This extreme in vitro stage-specific difference was not mimicked in vivo; both promastigotes and amastigotes of ΔCPB produced lesions in BALB/c mice, but in each case the lesions grew considerably more slowly than those caused

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Ramharter, M., H. Noedl, H. Winkler, et al. "In Vitro Activity and Interaction of Clindamycin Combined with Dihydroartemisinin against Plasmodium falciparum." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 11 (2003): 3494–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.11.3494-3499.2003.

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ABSTRACT Combination regimens are considered a valuable tool for the fight against drug-resistant falciparum malaria. This study was conducted to evaluate the antimalarial potential of clindamycin in combination with dihydroartemisinin in continuously cultured and in freshly isolated Plasmodium falciparum parasites, measuring the inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein II synthesis. Interaction analysis revealed a synergistic or additive mode of interaction at various concentration ratios in all continuously cultured parasites at the 50% effective concentration (EC50) level.

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Ye, Qing, Hui-Fen Dong, Christoph G. Grevelding, and Min Hu. "In vitro cultivation of Schistosoma japonicum-parasites and cells." Biotechnology Advances 31, no. 8 (2013): 1722–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.09.003.

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Ursing, Johan, Rasmus Johns, Berit Aydin-Schmidt, et al. "Chloroquine-susceptible and -resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains survive high chloroquine concentrations by becoming dormant but are eliminated by prolonged exposure." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 77, no. 4 (2022): 1005–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkac008.

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Abstract Background Plasmodium falciparum strains that are resistant to standard-dose chloroquine can be treated by higher chloroquine concentrations maintained for a longer time in vivo. Objectives To determine the relative importance of chloroquine concentrations versus exposure time for elimination of chloroquine-susceptible and -resistant P. falciparum in vitro. Methods Chloroquine-susceptible (3D7) and -resistant (FCR3) strains were exposed in vitro to 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 times their respective 90% inhibitory chloroquine concentrations for 3, 5, 7 or 14 days and then followed until recru

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Horta, M. F., F. J. Ramalho-Pinto, and M. Fatima. "Role of human decay-accelerating factor in the evasion of Schistosoma mansoni from the complement-mediated killing in vitro." Journal of Experimental Medicine 174, no. 6 (1991): 1399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.174.6.1399.

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Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is a 70-kD membrane glycoprotein that prevents complement (C)-mediated hemolysis by blocking the assembly or accelerating the decay of C3 convertase. Purified DAF is known to incorporate into the membrane of DAF-deficient cells, inhibiting lysis. Since Schistosoma mansoni is a blood-dwelling parasite, we investigated whether DAF can be transferred from human erythrocytes to the worm and protect it against C-mediated killing in vitro. We have found that schistosomula (schla) incubated with normal human erythrocytes (N-HuE), but not with DAF-deficient erythrocytes

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Kelly, Ben L., Daniel B. Stetson, and Richard M. Locksley. "Leishmania major LACK Antigen Is Required for Efficient Vertebrate Parasitization." Journal of Experimental Medicine 198, no. 11 (2003): 1689–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20031162.

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The Leishmania major LACK antigen is a key target of the immune response in susceptible BALB/c mice and remains a viable vaccine candidate for human leishmaniasis. We describe the genomic organization of the four lack genes in the L. major diploid genome together with results of selected lack gene targeting. Parasites containing a single lack gene in either the upstream or downstream locus grew comparably to wild-type promastigotes in vitro, but failed to parasitize BALB/c mice efficiently, even in a T cell–deficient environment. The replication of single copy lack mutants as amastigotes was a

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Walz, Annabelle, Maëlle Duffey, Ghaith Aljayyoussi, et al. "The Parasite Reduction Ratio (PRR) Assay Version 2: Standardized Assessment of Plasmodium falciparum Viability after Antimalarial Treatment In Vitro." Pharmaceuticals 16, no. 2 (2023): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph16020163.

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With artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum parasites emerging in Africa, the need for new antimalarial chemotypes is persistently high. The ideal pharmacodynamic parameters of a candidate drug are a rapid onset of action and a fast rate of parasite killing or clearance. To determine these parameters, it is essential to discriminate viable from nonviable parasites, which is complicated by the fact that viable parasites can be metabolically inactive, whilst dying parasites can still be metabolically active and morphologically unaffected. Standard growth inhibition assays, read out via micr

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Rizk, Mohamed Abdo, Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed, and Ikuo Igarashi. "Effects of Methanolic Extract from Turmeric (Curcuma longa) against the In Vitro Multiplication of Several Babesia Species and Theileria equi." Parasitologia 1, no. 4 (2021): 188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia1040020.

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Anti-piroplasm drugs currently on the market have proven toxicity to the host and parasite resistance. Plants are possible sources of novel drugs. Subsequently, a novel strategy should be used to find new anti-piroplasm agents that are both effective and safe. In the present study, we have evaluated the effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa) methanolic extract on the in vitro growth of Babesia (B.) bovis, B. divergens, B. caballi, and Theileria (T.) equi. The in vitro inhibitory effectiveness of turmeric was assessed using a fluorescence test. The enhancement in the in vitro inhibitory efficacy of

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de Morais-Teixeira, Eliane, Ana Rabello, and Marta Marques Gontijo Aguiar. "In vitro activity and in vivo efficacy of fexinidazole against New World Leishmania species." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 74, no. 8 (2019): 2318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz172.

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Abstract Objectives To evaluate the in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy of fexinidazole against the main species that cause visceral and cutaneous New World leishmaniasis. Methods The inhibitory concentrations of fexinidazole against Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in amastigotes were determined by in vitro activity assays. For the in vivo evaluation, animals were infected with L. (L.) infantum chagasi, L. (L.) amazonensis, L. (V.) braziliensis or Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis and divided into groups: (i)

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Castelli, Germano, Eugenia Oliveri, Viviana Valenza, et al. "Cultivation of Protozoa Parasites In Vitro: Growth Potential in Conventional Culture Media versus RPMI-PY Medium." Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 4 (2023): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10040252.

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The in vitro cultivation of Leishmania and Trypanosoma parasites plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of parasitic diseases. Although Evans’s modified Tobie and Novy–MacNeal–Nicolle media, for Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi, respectively, are the two commonly used media for both isolation and maintenance of strains in vitro, their preparation is expensive and laborious and requires fresh rabbit blood from housed animals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro growth of both parasites with an alternative monophasic, blood-free, easy, and affordable mediu

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Teuscher, Franka, Nanhua Chen, Dennis E. Kyle, Michelle L. Gatton, and Qin Cheng. "Phenotypic Changes in Artemisinin-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum LinesIn Vitro: Evidence for Decreased Sensitivity to Dormancy and Growth Inhibition." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 1 (2011): 428–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.05456-11.

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ABSTRACTThe appearance ofPlasmodium falciparumparasites with decreasedin vivosensitivity but no measurablein vitroresistance to artemisinin has raised the urgent need to characterize the artemisinin resistance phenotype. Changes in the temporary growth arrest (dormancy) profile of parasites may be one aspect of this phenotype. In this study, we investigated the link between dormancy and resistance, using artelinic acid (AL)-resistant parasites. Our results demonstrate that the AL resistance phenotype has (i) decreased sensitivity of mature-stage parasites, (ii) decreased sensitivity of the rin

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Vigan-Womas, Inès, Micheline Guillotte, Cécile Le Scanf, et al. "An In Vivo and In Vitro Model of Plasmodium falciparum Rosetting and Autoagglutination Mediated by varO, a Group A var Gene Encoding a Frequent Serotype." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 12 (2008): 5565–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00901-08.

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ABSTRACTIn theSaimiri sciureusmonkey, erythrocytes infected with the varO antigenic variant of thePlasmodium falciparumPalo Alto 89F5 clone bind uninfected red blood cells (rosetting), form autoagglutinates, and have a high multiplication rate, three phenotypic characteristics that are associated with severe malaria in human patients. We report here that varO parasites express avargene having the characteristics of group Avargenes, and we show that the varO Duffy binding-like 1α1(DBL1α1) domain is implicated in the rosetting of bothS. sciureusand human erythrocytes. The soluble varO N-terminal

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Tavares-Dias, Marcos. "Current knowledge on use of essential oils as alternative treatment against fish parasites." Aquatic Living Resources 31 (2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/alr/2018001.

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This review article focuses on current knowledge about in vitro and in vivo experimentation relating to use of essential oils (EOs) to combat fish parasites. In addition, we discuss the existing methodologies used in studies to determine the antiparasitic activity of EOs, along with their toxicity and major compounds. The methodological approaches used to describe the anthelmintic properties of EOs were demonstrated. The consistency of their activity and thus their potential use for fish ectoparasites (in vitro and in vivo) and endoparasites (in vitro) control was reviewed. There is a clear ne

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Cai, Xiaomin, Keith M. Woods, Steve J. Upton, and Guan Zhu. "Application of Quantitative Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR in Assessing Drug Efficacy against the Intracellular Pathogen Cryptosporidium parvum In Vitro." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, no. 11 (2005): 4437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.11.4437-4442.2005.

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ABSTRACT We report here on a quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay for assessing drug efficacy against the intracellular pathogen Cryptosporidium parvum. The qRT-PCR assay detects 18S rRNA transcripts from both parasites, that is, the cycle threshold for 18S rRNA from parasites (CT [P18S]) and host cells (CT [H18S]), and evaluates the relative expression between parasite and host rRNA levels (i.e., ΔCT = CT [P18S] − CT [H18S]) to minimize experimental and operational errors. The choice of qRT-PCR over quantitative PCR (qPCR) in this study is based on the observations

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Mairet-Khedim, Mélissa, Flore Nardella, Nimol Khim, et al. "In vitro activity of ferroquine against artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT)-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Cambodia." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 74, no. 11 (2019): 3240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz340.

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Abstract Background Cambodia is the epicentre of resistance emergence for virtually all antimalarial drugs. Selection and spread of parasites resistant to artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is a major threat for malaria elimination, hence the need to renew the pool of effective treatments. Objectives To determine whether ACT resistance haplotypes could have an effect on ferroquine in vitro antimalarial activity. Methods In vitro susceptibility to ferroquine was measured for 80 isolates from Cambodia characterized for their molecular resistance profile to artemisinin, piperaquine and m

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Nzila, Alexis, Eddy Mberu, Pat Bray, et al. "Chemosensitization of Plasmodium falciparum by Probenecid In Vitro." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 7 (2003): 2108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.7.2108-2112.2003.

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ABSTRACT Resistance to drugs can result from changes in drug transport, and this resistance can sometimes be overcome by a second drug that modifies the transport mechanisms of the cell. This strategy has been exploited to partly reverse resistance to chloroquine in Plasmodium falciparum. Studies with human tumor cells have shown that probenecid can reverse resistance to the antifolate methotrexate, but the potential for reversal of antifolate resistance has not been studied in P. falciparum. In the present study we tested the ability of probenecid to reverse antifolate resistance in P. falcip

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Barragan, Antonio, and L. David Sibley. "Transepithelial Migration of Toxoplasma gondii Is Linked to Parasite Motility and Virulence." Journal of Experimental Medicine 195, no. 12 (2002): 1625–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20020258.

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After oral ingestion, Toxoplasma gondii crosses the intestinal epithelium, disseminates into the deep tissues, and traverses biological barriers such as the placenta and the blood-brain barrier to reach sites where it causes severe pathology. To examine the cellular basis of these processes, migration of T. gondii was studied in vitro using polarized host cell monolayers and extracellular matrix. Transmigration required active parasite motility and the highly virulent type I strains consistently exhibited a superior migratory capacity than the nonvirulent type II and type III strains. Type I s

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Cowell, Annie, and Elizabeth Winzeler. "Exploration of the Plasmodium falciparum Resistome and Druggable Genome Reveals New Mechanisms of Drug Resistance and Antimalarial Targets." Microbiology Insights 11 (January 2018): 117863611880852. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178636118808529.

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Plasmodium parasites, the causative agent of malaria infections, rapidly evolve drug resistance and escape detection by the human immune response via the incredible mutability of its genome. Understanding the genetic mechanisms by which Plasmodium parasites develop antimalarial resistance is essential to understanding why most drugs fail in the clinic and designing the next generation of therapies. A systematic genomic analysis of 262 Plasmodium falciparum clones with stable in vitro resistance to 37 diverse compounds with potent antimalarial activity was undertaken with the main goal of ident

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Schalkwijk, Joost, Erik L. Allman, Patrick A. M. Jansen, et al. "Antimalarial pantothenamide metabolites target acetyl–coenzyme A biosynthesis in Plasmodium falciparum." Science Translational Medicine 11, no. 510 (2019): eaas9917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aas9917.

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Malaria eradication is critically dependent on new therapeutics that target resistant Plasmodium parasites and block transmission of the disease. Here, we report that pantothenamide bioisosteres were active against blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum parasites and also blocked transmission of sexual stages to the mosquito vector. These compounds were resistant to degradation by serum pantetheinases, showed favorable pharmacokinetic properties, and cleared parasites in a humanized mouse model of P. falciparum infection. Metabolomics revealed that coenzyme A biosynthetic enzymes converted pantothe

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Sutrave, Smita, and Martin Heinrich Richter. "The Truman Show for Human Helminthic Parasites: A Review of Recent Advances in In Vitro Cultivation Platforms." Microorganisms 11, no. 7 (2023): 1708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11071708.

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Throughout history, parasites and parasitic diseases have been humankind’s constant companions, as evidenced by the findings of tapeworm eggs in ancient, mummified remains. Helminths are responsible for causing severe, long-term, and debilitating infectious diseases worldwide, especially affecting economically challenged nations due to prevailing deficits in access to sanitation, proper hygiene practices, and healthcare infrastructure. Socio-ecological drivers, such as poverty, migration, and climate change, continue to contribute to parasites and their disease vectors being spread beyond know

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Muangnoicharoen, Sant, David J. Johnson, Sornchai Looareesuwan, Srivicha Krudsood, and Stephen A. Ward. "Role of Known Molecular Markers of Resistance in the Antimalarial Potency of Piperaquine and Dihydroartemisinin In Vitro." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 4 (2009): 1362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01656-08.

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ABSTRACT Using a range of laboratory-adapted and genetically modified Plasmodium falciparum parasite isolates, we investigated the interaction between dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine (PIP), the individual components of an artemisinin combination therapy currently under development, in addition to the role of known drug resistance genes in parasite susceptibility in vitro. All but one parasite line investigated displayed an interaction of dihydroartemisinin and PIP that was antagonistic, although the degree of antagonism was isolate dependent. In terms of resistance markers, the pfcrt haplot

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Nuha S. Al-Bayatii, Fatima Sh.Al-Naserii, and JaladetM.S.Jubrael. "Epidermal Growth factor in human urine as promotor for the growth of Leishmania sp. In vitro." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 20, no. 2 (2023): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v20i2.1155.

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Leishmania parasites are the causal agents of leishmaniasis, a group of protozoan diseases transmitted to mammals, including human beings, by phlebotomine sandflies. In culture media (at 25-28̊C ,pH =7.2-7.4),leishmania parasites develop as motile promastigotes similar to those found in the sand fly midgut . Traditionally media available do not meet the requirement for the bulk cultivation of Leishmania parasites ,it requires fetal calf serum (FCS),that is very expensive and not easily available in the market. A number of studies have shown that the addition of 5-10 % normal human urine stimul

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Gysin, J., B. Pouvelle, N. Fievet, A. Scherf, and C. Lépolard. "Ex Vivo Desequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes from Human Placenta by Chondroitin Sulfate A." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 12 (1999): 6596–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.12.6596-6602.1999.

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ABSTRACT We performed ex vivo experiments with Plasmodium falciparum-infected human placentas from primi- and multigravida women from Cameroon. All women, independent of their gravida status, had anti-chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) adhesion antibodies which cross-reacted with heterologous strains, such as FCR3 and Palo-Alto(FUP)1, which were selected for CSA binding. These antibodies, directed against the surface of infected erythrocytes obtained by flushing with CSA (IRBCCSA), were restricted to the immunoglobulin G3 isotypes. Massive desequestration of parasites was achieved with soluble CSA bu

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Sánchez-Suárez, Jeysson, Ericsson Coy-Barrera, Luis Enrique Cuca, and Gabriela Delgado. "Leishmanicidal and Cytotoxic Activities of Extracts and Naturally-Occurring Compounds from two Lauraceae Species." Natural Product Communications 6, no. 2 (2011): 1934578X1100600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1100600218.

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The in vitro leishmanicidal effects of ethanolic extracts and fifteen naturally-occurring compounds (five lignans, eight neolignans, a diterpene and a dihydrochalcone), obtained from Pleurothyrium cinereum and Ocotea macrophylla, were evaluated on promastigotes of Leishmania panamensis and L. braziliensis. In addition, in order to determine the selective action on Leishmania species as a safety principle, in vitro cytotoxicity on J774 cells was also evaluated for test compounds and extracts. One extract and seven compounds showed activity against Leishmania parasites at different levels. Dihyd

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