Relevant bibliographies by topics / Diffuse alopecia areata

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Academic literature on the topic 'Diffuse alopecia areata'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Diffuse alopecia areata"

1

Werner, Betina, and Fabiane Mulinari-Brenner. "Clinical and histological challenge in the differential diagnosis of diffuse alopecia: female androgenetic alopecia, telogen effluvium and alopecia areata - part II." Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 87, no. 6 (2012): 884–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0365-05962012000600010.

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Diffuse alopecia is mainly caused by telogen effluvium, diffuse androgenetic alopecia (femalepattern hair loss) and diffuse alopecia areata. Differential diagnosis between the three disorders may be difficult in several occasions. In this second part of our study, chronic telogen effluvium and diffuse alopecia areata are discussed in detail, including clinical, dermoscopic and histological aspects. A flowchart presents a practical and objective differential diagnostic approach to diffuse alopecia.
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Yong, Angeline Anning, and Robin Unger. "Resistance of Transplanted Hair Follicles to the Onslaught of Diffuse Alopecia Areata." American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 34, no. 2 (2017): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748806817699926.

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A 55-year-old man who previously underwent a successful hair transplantation for androgenetic alopecia now presents with rapid onset hair loss over the anterior to mid-scalp areas during a 2-month period. The alopecic area noticeably extended diffusely from anterior hairline to scalp vertex while rows of previously transplanted hair follicles appeared intact. Further dermoscopic features and a scalp biopsy were consistent with alopecia areata incognita. This patient was subsequently successfully treated with intralesional steroid injections. This case report is the first demonstrating the relative resistance of transplanted hair follicles to the process of alopecia areata when compared with local indigenous hairs. Prior to this, a few reports have demonstrated the use of hair transplantation to treat stable areas of alopecia areata resistant to medical treatment with mixed results but at least some initial success. This could be related to the local irritation and inflammatory response resultant from needling during hair transplantation that causes a degree of scarring and fibrosis around each transplanted graft, hence lending a protective barrier to an autoimmune-based T-lymphocyte attack on hair bulbs and subsequent increased survival of transplanted hair follicles. This unexpected observation provides new avenues for investigation into alopecia areata pathophysiology and further supports hair transplantation as a viable option for patients with stable, localized alopecia areata that is recalcitrant to other modalities.
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Kaliebe, K., C. D. Spinner, T. Biedermann, and A. Zink. "Alopecia syphilitica diffusa − eine seltene Manifestationsform der Frühsyphilis." Aktuelle Dermatologie 45, no. 06 (2019): 288–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0881-7949.

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ZusammenfassungDie Syphilis wird als das Chamäleon der Medizin bezeichnet, da sie viele Organe befallen und insbesondere an der Haut viele Erkrankungen imitieren kann. Weniger bekannt sind die durch die Syphilis bedingten Formen des Haarausfalls. Dabei ist die diffuse Form der syphilitischen Alopezie besonders selten und kann leicht übersehen werden.Hier berichten wir über einen jungen, HIV-positiven Mann mit der klinischen Präsentationsform einer Alopecia syphilitica diffusa. Nach erfolgreicher Therapie mit 2,4 Millionen Einheiten Benzylpenicillin i. m. zeigte sich innerhalb weniger Monate eine vollständige Normalisierung des Haarwuchses. Die Alopecia syphilitica präsentiert sich klinisch typischerweise als diffuser Haarverlust, als umschriebener Haarausfall mit fleckig imponierendem, sog. Mottenfraßmuster oder durch eine Kombination von beidem. Dabei kann die syphilitische Alopezie das einzige klinische Symptom einer Syphilisinfektion sein und sowohl klinisch als auch in der Histopathologie eine Alopecia areata imitieren. Die Dermatoskopie oder der immunhistochemische Nachweis von Treponema pallidum im Haarfollikel können weitere hilfreiche Methoden zur Diagnostik des syphilitischen Haarausfalls sein, entscheidend ist jedoch die serologische Diagnostik.
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Pradhan, Manish, Dipa Rai, and Sagar Paudel. "A Study of Serum Ferritin Level in Female Patient with Alopecia." Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal 14, no. 2 (2018): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v14i2.20217.

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ABSTRACTIntroduction: Total body iron store is an integral factor in the development of hair follicle. Numerous studies have been done seeking for the relationship between body iron store and various forms of chronic diffuse hair loss, with relatively contradictory findings in various reports in these studies. The main objective of this study is to find out if there is any association between total body iron store and various types of chronic diffuse hair loss in females in reproductive age.Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based case control study conducted in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. Sixty female patients of age group 15-50 years with chronic diffuse hair loss with equal number of age- and sex- matched controls were studied. Both of the study groups were evaluated for various parameters of iron status. Results: The mean value of serum ferritin in cases was significantly lower as compared to controls (p=0.018). Patients with alopecia areata (p=0.008) and androgenetic alopecia (p=0.021) had significantly lower serum ferritin, whereas there was no statistically significant difference in telogen effluvium and controls (p=0.857).The mean value of hemoglobin, hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin was found to be significantly lower in alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia. However, there was no statistically significant difference in RBC indices of patients of telogen effluvium and controls.Conclusion: Diffuse chronic hair loss shows definite association with serum ferritin and various RBC indices in female of reproductive age group. Alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia show major association with total body iron stores. Keywords: alopecia areata; androgenetic alopecia; serum ferritin; telogen effluvium.
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Kashutin, S. L., E. I. Tedder, Leonid L. Shagrov, et al. "MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EPIDERMIS AND DERMIS IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE ALOPECIA, ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA AND ALOPECIA AREATA." Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases 21, no. 2 (2018): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9588-2018-21-2-106-109.

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Despite the emergence of non-invasive and very informative techniques, such as trichoscopy and confocal microscopy, it is still necessary to use a skin biopsy of the scalp. Currently, there is a lot of information about hystopathology of the scalp in patients with diffuse alopecia, androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata [1]. Researches mostly aim to study the follicular unit, whereas data on pathological changes in the epidermis, papillary and reticular dermis in the above-mentioned alopecia are rare and scattered. In this connection, the aim of the research was to study morphological characteristics of epidermis and dermis in patients with diffuse alopecia, androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata. Material and methods. We examined 25 patients (12 women and 13 men) aged 17 to 60 years with not cicatricial alopecia: androgenetic alopecia was observed in 10 patients, alopecia areata - in 9 patients, diffuse alopecia - in 6 patients. The age of the disease ranged from 1 month to 5 years. The control group consisted of 9 people. The review microscopy and morphometry of samples, taken for investigation, were performed using the eyepiece micrometer MOB-1-15xУ4.2. The following indicators in the dermis were evaluated: the presence of lymphohistiocytic infiltrates in the papillary and reticular dermis, mucoid swelling of sclerosis of the papillary dermis, and signs of destruction of hair follicles. Results. The tendency to increase thickness of the epidermis in patients with diffuse alopecia is associated with thickening of the stratum granulosum and especially the stratum corneum. In case of androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata the tendency to decrease the thickness of the epidermis is associated with a tendency to reduce the thickness of the stratum lucidum. Regardless of the type of alopecia, the thickness of the stratum basale is statistically higher than in the control group. Regardless of the type of alopecia, changes in the dermis are manifested by the destruction of hair follicles followed by the presence of lymphohistiocytic infiltrates in the papillary and reticular dermis, as well as sclerosis of the papillary dermis. Discussion. It can be anticipated that the presence of lymphohistiocytic infiltrates in the papillary and reticular dermis may indicate the inflammatory process, which is accompanied by abnormal microcirculation and the destruction of the hair follicle which in turn insufficiently stimulates angiogenesis.
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Dhurat, Rachita S., Sanober Burzin Daruwalla, Smita Sunil Ghate, Mithali Mahendra Jage, and Aseem Sharma. "Distinguishing Lipedematous Scalp, Lipedematous Alopecia, and Diffuse Alopecia Areata." Skin Appendage Disorders 5, no. 5 (2019): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000495947.

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Dalal, Ashish, Ajay Kumar, Ritambhara Lohan, and Muskaan Ahlawat. "A six-year old girl presenting with alopecia areata incognita: a case report." International Journal of Research in Dermatology 3, no. 1 (2017): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20170807.

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<p class="abstract">A proportion of cases of diffuse hair loss over the scalp mimicking telogen effluvium or androgenetic alopecia are found to have alopecia areata incognita (AAI) on dermascopic examination and histopathology. AAI has commonly been reported in middle aged women who present with a sudden increase in hair shedding with diffuse alopecia developing after several months. Though the typical glabrous patches of hair loss observed in classical alopecia areata are absent, the abrupt and intense hair loss with a positive hair pull test is suggestive of AAI. There are few reports of AAI occurring in children. We are reporting a case of AAI in a 6-year old child. </p>
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Werner, Betina, and Fabiane Mulinari-Brenner. "Clinical and histological challenge in the differential diagnosis of diffuse alopecia: female androgenetic alopecia, telogen effluvium and alopecia areata - part I." Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 87, no. 5 (2012): 742–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0365-05962012000500012.

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Diffuse androgenetic alopecia (female pattern hair loss), telogen effluvium, and diffuse alopecia areata may have similar clinical manifestations. Subtle details on physical examination and dermoscopy of the scalp may help to identify those disorders. The authors present a practical discussion on how to approach the patient with diffuse alopecia, considering clinical history, physical examination, and dermoscopic findings. If the diagnosis remains unclear after a careful analysis of the clinical signs, a scalp biopsy may help to distinguish between the three diseases. In this first part of our study, an objective review of female androgenetic alopecia is presented and the most important histological changes are discussed.
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9

Mareeva, A. N., G. L. Katunin, and A. B. Rubtsov. "Differential diagnostics of syphilitic alopecia and alopecia areata: The clinical picture and trichoscopic signs." Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii 95, no. 3 (2019): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25208/0042-4609-2019-95-3-34-39.

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This paper describes a clinical case of secondary syphilis, which was manifested exclusively by syphilitic alopecia.We describe the details of the clinical picture, as well as a differential diagnosis of syphilitic alopecia and alopecia areata on the basis of trichoscopy data.For a patient with scalp lesions typical of syphilis (focal form of alopecia), the trichoscopic picture was represented by hairs broken at different heights from 1 to 5 mm, “empty” follicles (“yellow” dots), anisotrichosis due to the loss of terminal hair. The eyebrow trichoscopy showed “yellow dots”, vellus hairs, hair thinning due to the loss of bristly hair. A comparison of the trichoscopic pictures for alopecia areata and syphilitic areata have revealed the absence in the latter of a number of signs typical of the former, such as pencil-point, ex clamation-point, zigzag, monilethrix and tulip hairs.Patients with a clinical picture of focal, diffuse or mix ed alopecia should be tested for syphilis using serological methods.
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10

Kim, D. Y., P. J. Johnson, and D. Senter. "Diagnostic Exercise: Severe Bilaterally Symmetrical Alopecia in a Horse." Veterinary Pathology 48, no. 6 (2011): 1216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985810396103.

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A 9-year-old Tennessee Walking Horse gelding was presented for diagnosis of the cause of extensive alopecia. Complete hair loss was noted over the head, neck, shoulder, thigh, and proximal limbs, but the trunk, distal limbs, pelvic area, mane, and tail were unaffected. The alopecic areas were visually noninflammatory with no exudate or crust except on the shoulder and along the back, where multifocal patchy areas of alopecia with scales and crust were evident. The horse was slightly pruritic. Microscopically, the hair bulbs, inner and outer root sheaths of inferior segments, and perifollicular regions were infiltrated by small to moderate numbers of small lymphocytes. Similar inflammation was occasionally evident in isthmus follicular walls as well as some apocrine glands. No sebaceous glands were affected. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the small lymphocytes were CD3+ T lymphocytes. The epidermis from the skin with scale and crusts along the horse’s back exhibited mild to moderate hyperplasia, mild lymphocytic exocytosis, mild eosinophilic dermatitis, and diffuse parakeratosis with numerous budding yeasts, consistent with Malassezia spp. The final disease diagnosis was made as alopecia areata with Malassezia dermatitis. Alopecia areata could be a contributing underlying factor for Malassezia dermatitis.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diffuse alopecia areata"

1

Zhang, X., Y. Ye, Z. Zhu, et al. "Sequential cyclic changes of hair roots revealed by dermoscopy demonstrate a progressive mechanism of diffuse alopecia areata over time." 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17237.

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Yes<br>BACKGROUND: Diffuse alopecia areata (DAA) often leads to a complete hair shedding within a few months. OBJECTIVE: To explore features and mechanisms underlying DAA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Scalp and hair root dermoscopy were conducted on 23 DAA patients throughout the disease process, 20 patchy Alopecia areata patients, 23 acute telogen effluvium (ATE) patients and 10 normal controls. Histopathology was also evaluated. RESULTS: We found almost all hair roots were anagen in early stage DAA in 18 patients (18/23, 78.3%) within the first 4-8 weeks after hair loss onset. Anagen effluvium (~4 weeks) was followed by catagen (~4 weeks) and then telogen/exogen (~8 weeks) effluvium with overlap. Hair root and proximal hair shaft depigmentation was more prominent in later DAA disease stages. Black dots, exclamation mark hairs and inconsistent thickness of hair shafts were found more often in early than later DAA (Ps < 0.01). Early DAA histopathology revealed more prominent inflammation and hair follicle regression than that observed in the later stages. Patchy alopecia areata patients showed mixed anagen, catagen and telogen hair roots while ATE patients showed increased exogen and mildly decreased hair root pigmentation. CONCLUSION: Sequential cyclic staging of shed hairs in DAA indicates the insult may be hair-cycle specific. We suggest that DAA is initially an anagen effluvium disease involving an intense inflammatory insult, later progressing to a brief catagen effluvium, and then to telogen effluvium with premature exogen, in later stages of DAA.<br>This study was supported by the following grants to Xingqi Zhang: National Natural Science Foundation of China (81573066); Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2014A030313098).
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Book chapters on the topic "Diffuse alopecia areata"

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Khan Mohammad Beigi, Pooya. "Diffuse Alopecia Areata." In Alopecia Areata. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72134-7_2.

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Künzel, G., U. Kirchdörfer, J. Klobusch, T. Rabe, I. Gerhard, and B. Runnebaum. "Welchen Einfluß hat Quecksilber auf die zelluläre Immunität bei Frauen mit Alopezia areata und Alopezia diffusa?" In Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe 1992. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77857-5_96.

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Kirchdörfer, U., J. Klobusch, G. Künzel, T. Rabe, I. Gerhard, and B. Runnebaum. "Einfluß von Umweltfaktoren auf die Zellimmunität bei Patientinnen mit Alopicia areata und Alopecia diffusa." In Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe 1992. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77857-5_95.

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