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Journal articles on the topic 'Diffuse glioma'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 January 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wong, Shu Chyi, Muhamad Noor Alfarizal Kamarudin, and Rakesh Naidu. "Anticancer Mechanism of Flavonoids on High-Grade Adult-Type Diffuse Gliomas." Nutrients 15, no. 4 (2023): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15040797.

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High-grade adult-type diffuse gliomas are the most common and deadliest malignant adult tumors of the central nervous system. Despite the advancements in the multimodality treatment of high-grade adult-type diffuse gliomas, the five-year survival rates still remain poor. The biggest challenge in treating high-grade adult-type diffuse gliomas is the intra-tumor heterogeneity feature of the glioma tumors. Introducing dietary flavonoids to the current high-grade adult-type diffuse glioma treatment strategies is crucial to overcome this challenge, as flavonoids can target several molecular targets

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Rao, Aparna, Xiaoran Zhang, Christopher Deibert, Paola Sette, Paola Grandi, and Nduka Amankulor. "IDH Mutant Gliomas Escape Natural Killer Cell Immune Surveillance by Downregulation of NKG2D Ligand Expression." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (2016): 142.11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.142.11.

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Abstract Background Diffuse gliomas are fatal primary brain tumors that are poorly immunogenic. The basis for insufficient anti-tumor immunity in diffuse gliomas is not understood. Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDH1 and IDH2) promote diffuse glioma formation through epigenetic reprogramming of a number of genes, including immune-related genes. Here, we identify epigenetic dysregulation of natural killer (NK) cell ligand genes as significant contributors to immune escape in glioma. Methods We analyzed the TCGA database for immune gene expression patterns in IDH mutant or wild-type gli

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Barron, Tara, Belgin Yalçın, Aaron Mochizuki, et al. "CNSC-01. GABAERGIC NEURON-TO-GLIOMA SYNAPSES IN DIFFUSE MIDLINE GLIOMAS." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_1 (2023): i11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad073.044.

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Abstract High-grade gliomas include clinically and molecularly distinct subtypes that stratify by anatomical location into diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) such as diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) and hemispheric high-grade gliomas. Neuronal activity drives high-grade glioma progression both through paracrine signaling and direct neuron-to-glioma synapses. Glutamatergic, AMPA receptor-dependent synapses between neurons and malignant glioma cells have been demonstrated in both pediatric and adult high-grade gliomas, but neuron-to-glioma synapses mediated by other neurotransmitters remain la

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Nguyen, Anthony V., Jose M. Soto, Sarah-Marie Gonzalez, et al. "H3G34-Mutant Gliomas—A Review of Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Options." Biomedicines 11, no. 7 (2023): 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11072002.

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The 2021 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System reflected advances in understanding of the roles of oncohistones in gliomagenesis with the introduction of the H3.3-G34R/V mutant glioma to the already recognized H3-K27M altered glioma, which represent the diagnoses of pediatric-type diffuse hemispheric glioma and diffuse midline glioma, respectively. Despite advances in research regarding these disease entities, the prognosis remains poor. While many studies and clinical trials focus on H3-K27M-altered-glioma patients, those with H3.3-G34R/V mutant glio

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Nuechterlein, Nicholas, and Patrick Cimino. "PATH-24. COPY NUMBER ALTERATIONS IN NOTCH PATHWAY GENES ARE PROGNOSTIC IN A SUBSET OF DIFFUSE ASTROCYTIC GLIOMAS." Neuro-Oncology 23, Supplement_6 (2021): vi120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab196.476.

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Abstract Inactivating mutations in NOTCH1 occur in many cancer types and are frequently observed in IDH-mutant, 1p/19q-codeleted oligodendroglioma. Although the role of NOTCH1 as a tumor suppressor in diffuse glioma has become appreciated in human tissue and small animal models, the spectrum of inactivating mutations in Notch pathway genes in diffuse astrocytic gliomas has not been well described. To address this, we queried the TCGA lower-grade glioma and glioblastoma datasets to establish the extent of inactivation of Notch pathway genes, specifically by cataloging single nucleotide variants

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Campos Paiva, Aline, João Luiz Vitorino Araujo, Guilherme Brasileiro de Aguiar, Gabriel Rezende Batistella, Marcos Maldaum, and José Esteves veiga. "SURG-11. NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY FOR DIFFUSE GLIOMAS: A FEASIBLE OPTION?" Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.858.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Diffuse gliomas are slow-growing tumors with predilection for deep and eloquent structures such as supplementary motor area and insula. They can reach huge dimensions which is a surgical challenging. OBJECTIVE Describe indications and limitations of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for diffuse gliomas. METHODS Systematic review was performed in November/2019 using Pubmed, Bireme and Cochrane databases. The following combinations were used: “Chemotherapy” AND “neoadjuvant” AND “diffuse glioma”, “Chemotherapy” AND “neoadjuvant” AND “low grade glioma”, “Chemotherapy” AND “preoperative

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Soni, Vaishali Walke, Deepti Joshi, Tanya Sharma, Adesh Shrivastava, and Amit Agrawal. "The spectrum of microvascular patterns in adult diffuse glioma and their correlation with tumor grade." Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine 58, no. 3 (2024): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2024.03.11.

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Background: Primary brain tumors constitute the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Among them, adult diffuse gliomas are the most common type, affecting the cerebral hemispheres and displaying a diffuse infiltrative pattern of growth in the surrounding neuropil that accounts for about 80% of all primary intracranial tumors. The hallmark feature of gliomas is blood vessel proliferation, which plays an important role in tumor growth, tumor biological behavior, and disease outcome. High-grade gliomas exhibit increased vascularity, the worst prognosis, and lower survival rates. Several ang

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Sarangi, Sasmit, and Eric Wong. "HOUT-05. COMPARING OUTCOMES OF ADULT DIFFUSE MIDLINE GLIOMAS TO GLIOBLASTOMA (GBM) IN YOUNG PATIENTS." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi112—vi113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.470.

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Abstract Diffuse midline gliomas are a diagnostic entity with astrocytic tumors in a midline location and in the pediatric age group they have been associated with poor outcomes. There is ongoing debate if adults with diffuse midline gliomas also have a poor prognosis particularly as complete surgical resection is often not achievable in these patients. One of the limitations of looking at case-series based outcomes with these patients is that the incidence of these tumors has a skew towards younger patients and recent case-series with observed better than expected outcomes, might be subject t

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Paracha, Awais, Mohamed S. Abdelbaki, and Pournima Navalkele. "DIPG-63. Therapies for diffuse gliomas in pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (2022): i33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.120.

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Abstract Diffuse gliomas are one of the most challenging pediatric brain tumors of the current era. The new WHO classification has brought in a paradigm shift in the diagnosis and management of diffuse gliomas. Although these tumors are not surgically resectable, an integrated molecular analysis could make them more amenable to targeted agents. We conducted a thorough systematic review and meta-analysis of therapies for diffuse gliomas in pediatric patients. Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, (Medline), Cochrane, and Google Scholar database searches are being conducted using search term

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Dellaretti, Marcos, Nicolas Reyns, Gustavo Touzet, et al. "Diffuse brainstem glioma: prognostic factors." Journal of Neurosurgery 117, no. 5 (2012): 810–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2012.7.jns111992.

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Object Brainstem gliomas were regarded as a single entity prior to the advent of MRI; however, several studies investigating MRI have recognized that these lesions are a heterogeneous group, and certain subgroups have a better prognosis for long-term survival. The aim of this study was to conduct a retrospective analysis of prognostic factors of patients with brainstem gliomas confirmed by histopathological diagnosis, particularly regarding assessment of whether histological grade, age, and MRI findings are prognostic factors for patient survival. Methods The study evaluated 100 patients diagn

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Al Sharie, Sarah, Dima Abu Laban, Jamil Nazzal, et al. "Midline Gliomas: A Retrospective Study from a Cancer Center in the Middle East." Cancers 15, no. 18 (2023): 4545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15184545.

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Midline gliomas are tumors that occur in midline structures and can be circumscribed or diffuse. Classical midline structures include the thalamus, brainstem, and spinal cord. Other midline structures include the corpus callosum, basal ganglia, ventricles, paraventricular structures, and cerebellum. Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a diffuse glioma that occurs in the classical midline structures, characterized by a specific genetic alteration, and associated with grim outcome. This study was conducted at King Hussein Cancer Center and reviewed the medical records of 104 patients with circumscri

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Im, Sanghyuk, Jonghwan Hyeon, Eunyoung Rha, et al. "Classification of Diffuse Glioma Subtype from Clinical-Grade Pathological Images Using Deep Transfer Learning." Sensors 21, no. 10 (2021): 3500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21103500.

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Diffuse gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors and they vary considerably in their morphology, location, genetic alterations, and response to therapy. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) provided new guidelines for making an integrated diagnosis that incorporates both morphologic and molecular features to diffuse gliomas. In this study, we demonstrate how deep learning approaches can be used for an automatic classification of glioma subtypes and grading using whole-slide images that were obtained from routine clinical practice. A deep transfer learning method using the ResNe

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den Hartog, Sanne J., Anja van der Kolk, Annette Bruggink, Tatjana Seute, Pieter Wesseling, and Joyce Wilbers. "Pathology-proven extradural (“distant”) metastases of gliomas in adults in the Netherlands between 1971 and 2018: a systematic case series." Neuro-Oncology Practice 8, no. 3 (2021): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nop/npab006.

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Abstract Background Diffuse gliomas are the most frequent primary tumors originating in the central nervous system parenchyma. Although the majority of these tumors are highly malignant, extradural metastases (EDM) are extremely rare. We aimed to perform a systematic review of patients with pathology-proven EDM of diffuse gliomas in the Netherlands. Methods From the Nationwide Network and Registry of Histo- and Cytopathology in the Netherlands information on all cases with EDM between 1971 and October 2018 was retrieved. Patients aged &lt; 18 years or with a diagnosis of ependymoma or cont

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Park, Jong-Whi. "Metabolic Rewiring in Adult-Type Diffuse Gliomas." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8 (2023): 7348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087348.

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Multiple metabolic pathways are utilized to maintain cellular homeostasis. Given the evidence that altered cell metabolism significantly contributes to glioma biology, the current research efforts aim to improve our understanding of metabolic rewiring between glioma’s complex genotype and tissue context. In addition, extensive molecular profiling has revealed activated oncogenes and inactivated tumor suppressors that directly or indirectly impact the cellular metabolism that is associated with the pathogenesis of gliomas. The mutation status of isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs) is one of the mo

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Norris, Gregory, Andrew Donson, Sarah Milgrom, et al. "HGG-17. Novel Fusion in Congenital Brainstem Diffuse High-Grade Glioma." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (2022): i64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.232.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Infant-type hemispheric glioma, previously termed infantile glioblastoma multiforme, is a rare infantile neoplasm with improved survival and distinct molecular features when compared to other pediatric and adult-type high-grade glioma. Infant-type high-grade gliomas are typically located in the cerebral hemispheres and are characterized by ALK, ROS1, MET, and NTRK fusions. Typical brainstem gliomas (diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered or diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma) are comparatively rare in this age group. As a result, the biology of brainstem congenital high-grad

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Budd, Kaitlin, Chang-Hyuk Kwon, Lawryn H. Kasper, et al. "Abstract IA007: Transforming chromatin: Oncohistone mutations in pediatric high-grade glioma." Cancer Research 82, no. 23_Supplement_2 (2022): IA007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.cancepi22-ia007.

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Abstract Pediatric diffuse high-grade gliomas (HGGs) are a heterogeneous spectrum of disease with abysmal survival rates. Approximately half of diffuse high-grade gliomas in children arise in midline structures predominantly the brainstem, but also thalamus, cerebellum and spinal cord. Approximately 80% of these tumors harbor H3 K27M mutations, which result in dramatic depletion of the post-translational modification H3K27me3. Alternative mutations in diffuse midline gliomas can result in similar reduction of H3K27me3, leading to a redefined classification of this collection of tumors as diffu

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Kitano, Yotaro, Kosuke Aoki, Takao Yasui, et al. "PATH-36. MACHINE LEARNING TO DETECT GLIOMAS IN URINE-BASED LIQUID BIOPSY." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.632.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Diffuse gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors, whose overall prognosis is quite dismal. Tumor-cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in physiological and pathological processes and have potential applications to diagnostics of malignant tumors including diffuse gliomas. Because urine is less invasive to collect, development of early diagnosis based on urine EVs is eagerly awaited. In this study, we captured urine EVs of patients with gliomas efficiently with the nanowire device and compared expression profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) within

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Zhang, Lu, Sabrina Fritah, Petr V. Nazarov, Tony Kaoma, and Eric Van Dyck. "Impact of IDH Mutations, the 1p/19q Co-Deletion and the G-CIMP Status on Alternative Splicing in Diffuse Gliomas." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 12 (2023): 9825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24129825.

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By generating protein diversity, alternative splicing provides an important oncogenic pathway. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 mutations and 1p/19q co-deletion have become crucial for the novel molecular classification of diffuse gliomas, which also incorporates DNA methylation profiling. In this study, we have carried out a bioinformatics analysis to examine the impact of the IDH mutation, as well as the 1p/19q co-deletion and the glioma CpG island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP) status on alternative splicing in a cohort of 662 diffuse gliomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We ide

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Yin, Luxin, and Liwei Zhang. "Correlation Between MRI Findings and Histological Diagnosis of Brainstem Glioma." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 40, no. 3 (2013): 348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100014293.

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Objective:In most studies, treatment decisions of brainstem glioma are based solely on MRI features and do not incorporate a histopathological diagnosis. In the current study, we sought to compare MRI characteristics with histopathological findings of bainstem glioma.Methods:From April 2003 through April 2012, 150 patients were diagnosed with brainstem gliomas by MRI and microsurgically treated in Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China. All the MRI and histopathological findings of these patients were respectively reviewed.Results:Of the 150 patients, 65 were female and 85 were male, 120 were adults

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Aabedi, Alexander, Benjamin Lipkin, Jacob S. Young, et al. "CNSC-05. ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF GLIOMA-INDUCED NEURONAL NETWORK REMODELING ARE CONSERVED ACROSS TUMOR SUBTYPE." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (2022): vii22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.086.

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Abstract Recent evidence indicates that diffuse gliomas engage with neurons at the single-unit and circuit level through differing mechanisms. Certain malignant gliomas form glioma-neuron excitatory glutamatergic synapses and modulate neuron-neuron synapses through activity-dependent paracrine signaling, while others establish glioma-glioma connections via tumor microtubes. It is therefore possible that diffuse gliomas remodel neuronal circuits in a defined and predictable manner and demonstrate distinct electrophysiological profiles with prognostic and therapeutic significance. Here we apply

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de la Fuente, Macarena I. "Adult-type Diffuse Gliomas." CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology 29, no. 6 (2023): 1662–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/con.0000000000001352.

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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE This article highlights key aspects of the diagnosis and management of adult-type diffuse gliomas, including glioblastomas and IDH-mutant gliomas relevant to the daily practice of the general neurologist. LATEST DEVELOPMENTS The advances in molecular characterization of gliomas have translated into more accurate prognostication and tumor classification. Gliomas previously categorized by histological appearance solely as astrocytomas or oligodendrogliomas are now also defined by molecular features. Furthermore, ongoing clinical trials have incorporated these advances to tailo

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Onishi, Shumpei, Fumiyuki Yamasaki, Motoki Takano, Ushio Yonezawa, Kazuhiko Sugiyama, and Kaoru Kurisu. "NI-17 T2-FLAIR MISMATCH SIGN IN DIFFUSE GLIOMA AND DYSEMBRYOPLASTIC NEUROEPITHELIAL TUMOR." Neuro-Oncology Advances 1, Supplement_2 (2019): ii28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdz039.128.

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Abstract BACKGROUND T2-FLAIR mismatch sign was reported as a specific imaging marker for diffuse astrocytoma with IDH-mutant and 1p/19q non-codeletion. However, most of the previous studies for T2-FLAIR mismatch were confirmed only among low grade glioma. The purpose of this study is to assess the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign in supratentorial diffuse glioma, diffuse midline glioma and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) to unveil the exception rules of the sign. METHODS In total, 51 patients were included in this study; 33 supratentorial diffuse glioma (18 diffuse astrocytoma with IDH muta

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Morgacheva, D. A., D. A. Sitovskaia, and Yu V. Dinikina. "Diagnostic and therapeutical approaches to H3K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma in children: a review." Oncohematology 18, no. 4 (2023): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1818-8346-2023-18-4-104-114.

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H3K27M-altered diffuse midline gliomas are the most devastating pediatric brain tumors. These tumors are characterized by lesion of central nervous system midline structures, diffuse infiltrative growth and fatal prognosis. The pathogenesis of H3K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma is based on unique epigenetic and genetic changes which are associated with histone 3 (H3) alterations. Clinical disease course usually is non-specific, that could hamper diagnosis establishment and defines high prevalence of disseminated tumor stages. Diagnostic approach includes neuroimaging, various laboratory and

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Dellaretti, Marcos, Gustavo Touzet, Nicolas Reyns, et al. "Correlation among magnetic resonance imaging findings, prognostic factors for survival, and histological diagnosis of intrinsic brainstem lesions in children." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 8, no. 6 (2011): 539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.9.peds1167.

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Object The aim of this study was to compare MR imaging characteristics with histopathological findings of intrinsic brainstem lesions and also to show the prognostic factors in patients with diffuse brainstem glioma. Methods Between February 1988 and August 2007, 44 brainstem biopsies were performed at the Roger Salengro Hospital in Lille, France, in children with intrinsic brainstem lesions not amenable to excision. Twenty-six were female and 18 male, and the mean age was 6 years. Results Histological evaluation revealed diffuse brainstem glioma in all patients with diffuse nonenhancing brain

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Ibdah, Haleem, Shervin Pejhan, Lee Ang, et al. "CEREBELLAR DIFFUSE MIDLINE GLIOMA, H3K27M ALTERED IN A FIFTY-FIVE-YEAR-OLD PATIENT." Neuro-Oncology Advances 5, Supplement_2 (2023): i6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdad071.026.

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Abstract H3 K27M mutations were first identified in Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma and are now recognized in gliomas occurring in other midline locations such as the thalamus, spinal cord and cerebellum. These gliomas were renamed to Diffuse Midline Glioma (DMG) H3 K27-altered in the 2021 WHO classification due to the discovery of alternate mechanisms of H3 K27 loss. These gliomas are more commonly found in children but also occur in adolescents and young adults. We present the case of a 55- year-old woman who presented with a 2.5-month history of nausea, vomiting and gait impairme

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Reinecke, James, Catherine Cottrell, Sarah Rush, et al. "HGG-31. Unique case of a bithalamic H3K27-wildtype diffuse midline glioma, EGFR-altered with methylated MGMT." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (2022): i67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.246.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Diffuse midline gliomas are aggressive pediatric brain tumors frequently associated with somatic mutations in histone genes H3F3A (H3.3) and HIST1H3B (H3.1), which promote gliomagenesis through reprograming of the epigenetic landscape by inhibiting the tri-methylation of H3K27 (H3K27-me3). H3K27M-mutant gliomas comprise over 80% of diffuse midline gliomas, and are characterized by dismal outcomes as well as near-ubiquitous absence of MGMT promoter methylation. The subset of H3K27-wildtype diffuse midline gliomas remains incompletely understood with regards to underlying pa

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Schulte, Jessica, Robin Buerki, Sarah Lapointe, et al. "PATH-30. CLINICAL AND GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HISTONE H3 K27M-MUTANT DIFFUSE MIDLINE GLIOMAS IN ADULTS." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii170—ii171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.711.

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Abstract BACKGROUND “Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27M-mutant” is a new tumor entity established in the 2016 WHO Classification of Tumors of the CNS that comprises a set of diffuse gliomas arising in midline structures that is molecularly defined by a recurrent K27M mutation in genes encoding the histone 3 variants H3.3 or H3.1. While this tumor entity is associated with poor prognosis in children, clinical experience in adults remains limited. Given the more frequent origin in the thalamus or spinal cord in adults versus the brainstem in children, gliomas with this mutation may encompass a hete

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Verburg, Niels, Thomas Koopman, Maqsood M. Yaqub, et al. "Improved detection of diffuse glioma infiltration with imaging combinations: a diagnostic accuracy study." Neuro-Oncology 22, no. 3 (2019): 412–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz180.

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Abstract Background Surgical resection and irradiation of diffuse glioma are guided by standard MRI: T2/fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR)–weighted MRI for non-enhancing and T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced (T1G) MRI for enhancing gliomas. Amino acid PET has been suggested as the new standard. Imaging combinations may improve standard MRI and amino acid PET. The aim of the study was to determine the accuracy of imaging combinations to detect glioma infiltration. Methods We included 20 consecutive adults with newly diagnosed non-enhancing glioma (7 diffuse astrocytomas, isocitrate dehyd

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Mamatjan, Yasin, Mathew Voisin, Farshad Nassiri, et al. "MOMC-3. Hypermethylation and overexpression of HOX genes are poor prognosticators in Lower-Grade Glioma." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_2 (2021): ii4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab070.013.

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Abstract Diffuse gliomas represent over 80% of malignant brain tumors ranging from low-grade to aggressive high-grade lesions. Molecular characterization of these tumors led to the development of new classification system comprising specific glioma subtypes. While this provides novel molecular insight into gliomas it does not fully explain the variability in patient outcome. To identify and characterize a predictive signature of outcome in diffuse gliomas, we utilized an integrative molecular analysis (methylation, mRNA, copy number variation (CNV) and mutation data) using multiple molecular p

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Mobark, Nahla Ali, Musa Alharbi, Yasser S. Bayoumi, et al. "DIPG-35. Personalized treatment for molecularly heterogeneous Diffuse midline glioma, H3 k27-altered Paediatric case." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (2022): i26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.092.

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Abstract Diffuse midline glioma, H3 k27-altered (DMG) is a type of Paediatric- type diffuse high grade gliomas according to the 2021 WHO CNS tumors Classification. Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is another acceptable related term when it located in the pons with fatal prognosis. The combination of H3K27M with BRAF V600 mutations rarely reported in DMG although more commonly in Paediatric-type low grade gliomas (Diffuse low-grade glioma, MAPK pathway-altered). We present a twenty-month-old boy, previously healthy, presented with 2 weeks history of unsteady gait, drooling, cranial nerve

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Hollon, Todd, Cheng Jiang, Mustafa Nasir-Moin, et al. "NIMG-30. AI-BASED MOLECULAR CLASSIFICATION OF DIFFUSE GLIOMAS USING RAPID, LABEL-FREE OPTICAL HISTOLOGY." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (2022): vii169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.648.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Molecular classification has transformed the management of brain tumors by enabling more accurate prognostication and personalized treatment. Access to timely molecular diagnostic testing for brain tumor patients is limited, complicating surgical and adjuvant treatment and obstructing clinical trial enrollment. OBJECTIVE We aim to develop a rapid (&lt; 90 seconds), AI-based diagnostic screening system that can provide molecular classification of diffuse gliomas and report its use in a prospective, multicenter, international clinical trial of diffuse glioma patients (n

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Yamamura, Toshihiro, Kaoru Tamura, Daisuke Kobayashi, Motoki Inaji, Yoji Tanaka, and Taketoshi Maehara. "PEDT-1 Integrated diagnoses of pediatric gliomas in our institute by cIMPACT-NOW recommendations." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_6 (2021): vi10—vi11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab159.038.

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Abstract Purpose:Since many genetic abnormalities in glioma have been revealed in recent years, Integrated diagnoses are necessary in the updated fourth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System(CNS) published in 2016. The Consortium to Inform Molecular and Practical Approaches to CNS Tumor Taxonomy (cIMPACT-NOW) was established to provide a forum to evaluate and recommend proposed changes to future CNS tumor classification. We retrospectively classified pediatric gliomas in our hospital in accordance with cIMPACT-NOW recommendations. Methods: This study include

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Faraji-Rad, Mohammad. "Epidemiological Study of Molecular and Genetic Classification in Adult Diffuse Glioma." International Journal of Surgery & Surgical Techniques 6, no. 2 (2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ijsst-16000171.

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Background: Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) are frequent in lowgrade and high-grade gliomas. However, the diagnostic criteria, in particular for gliomas, are highly various. The aim of our study was to establish genetic profiles for mutation and calcification of diffuse gliomas and to evaluate their predictive factors. Methods: We estimate the different clinical and molecular characterization between IDH1, IDH2 mutant gliomas, p53, ATRX and 1p19q. In addition, whole-transcriptome sequencing and DNA extraction data were used to evaluate the d

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Kwikima, Ugumba. "GLIOMA-04 BRIDGING THE GAP ON ADULT GLIOMA IMAGING, DIAGNOSIS AND FOLLOW UP IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA." Neuro-Oncology Advances 5, Supplement_4 (2023): iv1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdad121.003.

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Abstract Cerebral Gliomas are the most common and devastating primary brain tumors. Prior to 2016 WHO CNS tumor classification update, the grading of gliomas, mainly relied on histological features, including cellularity, nuclear atypia, mitotic activity, vascularity, and necrosis, observed on light microscopy with the aid of immunohistochemistry. A number of studies confirmed that diffuse gliomas demonstrates different growth pattern, clinical behavior, and prognostication based on their genomic alterations, these findings necessitated incorporation of molecular subtypes in glioma classificat

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Joshi, Sabendra, Yuan-Kui Wu, Yi-Kai Xu, Xiao-Min Liu, and Hao Zhang. "Comparative study of diffuse midline glioma and glioblastoma: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the characteristics and demography." Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 19, no. 2 (2022): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njn.v19i2.43724.

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Introduction: Diffuse midline glioma and glioblastoma are classified as grade IV CNS tumors (WHO). The entity ‘diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27 mutant’ was introduced in the 4th revised edition of the 2016 WHO classification of brain tumors; however, there are only a few reports on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of these tumors. Thus, we conducted a retrospective study focused on Magnetic Resonance Imaging features of diffuse midline glioma compared to glioblastoma. This study aims to evaluate and compare the demographic characteristics, anatomic location of lesions, and MRI characteristics of diffu

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Nikitin, Pavel V., Guzel R. Musina, Stanislav I. Pekov, et al. "Cell-Population Dynamics in Diffuse Gliomas during Gliomagenesis and Its Impact on Patient Survival." Cancers 15, no. 1 (2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010145.

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Diffuse gliomas continue to be an important problem in neuro-oncology. To solve it, studies have considered the issues of molecular pathogenesis from the intratumoral heterogeneity point. Here, we carried out a comparative dynamic analysis of the different cell populations’ content in diffuse gliomas of different molecular profiles and grades, considering the cell populations’ functional properties and the relationship with patient survival, using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, multiparametric fluorescent in situ hybridization, polymerase chain reaction, and cultural methods. It was shown

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Barron, Tara, Vilina Mehta, Pamelyn Woo, and Michelle Monje. "HGG-04. TARGETING GABAERGIC NEURON-GLIOMA SYNAPSES IN DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA (DIPG) THROUGH ANTI-EPILEPTIC DRUG REPURPOSING." Neuro-Oncology 23, Supplement_1 (2021): i17—i18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab090.070.

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Abstract Pediatric high-grade gliomas, including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), are the leading cause of brain cancer-related death in children. While enormous progress has been made in recent years for many forms of cancer, high-grade gliomas remain seemingly intractable, indicating that fundamental aspects of glioma growth are not yet sufficiently understood. Neuronal activity drives glioma growth both through paracrine signaling and through direct neuron-to-glioma synapses. Recently glutamatergic, AMPA receptor-dependent synapses were discovered between microenvironmental neurons

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Yoel, Abigail, Shazia Adjumain, Yuqing Liang, Paul Daniel, Ron Firestein, and Vanessa Tsui. "Emerging and Biological Concepts in Pediatric High-Grade Gliomas." Cells 13, no. 17 (2024): 1492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells13171492.

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Primary central nervous system tumors are the most frequent solid tumors in children, accounting for over 40% of all childhood brain tumor deaths, specifically high-grade gliomas. Compared with pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs), pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) have an abysmal survival rate. The WHO CNS classification identifies four subtypes of pHGGs, including Grade 4 Diffuse midline glioma H3K27-altered, Grade 4 Diffuse hemispheric gliomas H3-G34-mutant, Grade 4 pediatric-type high-grade glioma H3-wildtype and IDH-wildtype, and infant-type hemispheric gliomas. In recent years, we have

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Kessler, Jacqueline, Tim Hohmann, Antje Güttler, et al. "Radiosensitization and a Less Aggressive Phenotype of Human Malignant Glioma Cells Expressing Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) Mutant Protein: Dissecting the Mechanisms." Cancers 11, no. 6 (2019): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11060889.

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The presence of an isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation is associated with a less aggressive phenotype, increased sensitivity to radiation, and increased overall survival in patients with diffuse glioma. Based on in vitro experimentations in malignant glioma cell lines, the consequences on cellular processes of IDH1R132H expression were analyzed. The results revealed that IDH1R132H expression enhanced the radiation induced accumulation of residual γH2AX foci and decreased the amount of glutathione (GSH) independent of the oxygen status. In addition, expression of the mutant IDH1 caused a

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Odia, Yazmin, Ashley Love Sumrall, Timothy Francis Cloughesy, et al. "Single agent activity of ONC201 in non-midline H3 K27M-mutant diffuse gliomas." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e14037-e14037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e14037.

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e14037 Background: H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma is an invariably lethal form of brain cancer that disproportionately affects children and young adults and has no effective treatment following front-line radiation. The initial disease definition in the 2016 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System regarded the H3 K27M mutation as pathognomonic, though the definition was updated in 2018 restricting the diagnosis to histologically diffuse gliomas that involve midline CNS structures (cIMPACT-NOW update 2). ONC201 is an investigational anti-cancer small molecule, DRD2 ant

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Odia, Yazmin, Ashley Sumrall, Timothy Cloughesy, et al. "CTNI-27. SINGLE AGENT ACTIVITY OF ONC201 IN NON-MIDLINE H3 K27M-MUTANT DIFFUSE GLIOMAS." Neuro-Oncology 23, Supplement_6 (2021): vi65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab196.252.

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Abstract BACKGROUND H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma is an invariably lethal form of brain cancer that disproportionately affects children and young adults and has no effective treatment following front-line radiation. The initial disease definition in the 2016 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System regarded the H3 K27M mutation as pathognomonic, though the definition was updated in 2018 restricting the diagnosis to histologically diffuse gliomas that involve midline CNS structures (cIMPACT-NOW update 2). ONC201 is an investigational anti- cancer small molecule, DRD2 a

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Wang, Daniel, Mauli Shah, Srividya Arjuna, et al. "BIOM-67. DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS IN THE CSF OF PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE GLIOMAS." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_8 (2024): viii35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae165.0139.

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Abstract Studies have shown that different central nervous system (CNS) tumor types exhibit unique DNA methylation profiles. DNA methylation-based machine learning classification of CNS tumor tissue has been demonstrated to be highly-accurate in differentiating between tumor types, including between diffuse glioma subtypes. While similar analyses have been performed using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from blood, few studies have looked at the potential of DNA methylation as a biomarker for diffuse gliomas using CSF-derived cfDNA. In this study, we analyzed CSF cfDNA methylation patterns in diffuse gl

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Tomás, Ana, and Marta Pojo. "PIK3CA Mutations: Are They a Relevant Target in Adult Diffuse Gliomas?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 11 (2025): 5276. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26115276.

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Gliomas are the most common and lethal malignant primary brain tumors in adults, associated with the highest number of years of potential life lost. The latest WHO classification for central nervous system tumors highlighted the need for new biomarkers of diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is clearly implicated in tumorigenesis, being one of the most frequently altered pathways in cancer. Activating PI3KCA mutations are oncogenic and can influence both prognosis and treatment response in various tumor types. In gliomas, however, studies have reported

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Kalidindi, Navya, Rosemarylin Or, Sam Babak, and Warren Mason. "Molecular Classification of Diffuse Gliomas." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 47, no. 4 (2020): 464–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2020.10.

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ABSTRACT:Technological advances in the field of molecular genetics have improved the ability to classify brain tumors into subgroups with distinct clinical features and important therapeutic implications. The World Health Organization’s newest update on classification of gliomas (2016) incorporated isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutations, ATRX loss, 1p/19q codeletion status, and TP53 mutations to allow for improved classification of glioblastomas, low-grade and anaplastic gliomas. This paper reviews current advances in the understanding of diffuse glioma classification and the impact of mol

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Richard, Seidu A., Nii Korley Kortei, and Sylvanus Kampo. "The Pivotal Novel Pathogenic Roles of Hyaluronic Acid and its Receptors in Gliomas." Advances in Bioscience and Clinical Medicine 8, no. 2 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.abcmed.v.8n.2p.1.

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HA/CD44 as well as HA/RHAMM cross-talks resulted in glioma cell adhesion, mechanosensing, as well as invasive motility. RHAMM was overexpressed in DIPG and may contribute to the diffuse growth pattern and invasion in DIPG just like other forms of gliomas other than CD44. BEHAB/brevican could be a potential biomarker for glioma detection as well as its progression or malignancy.

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Barthel, Floris, Kevin C. Johnson, Frederick Varn, et al. "GENE-28. LONGITUDINAL MOLECULAR TRAJECTORIES OF DIFFUSE GLIOMA IN ADULTS." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.430.

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Abstract Treatment options for adult patients with glioma has remained largely unchanged over the past three decades. Targeted inhibitors and immunotherapies have improved outcomes for many cancer types but their relevance in glioma is unclear. The inevitability of glioma disease recurrence demands an understanding of mechanisms driving therapy resistance. The Glioma Longitudinal Analysis (GLASS) Consortium was initiated to establish a definitive portrait of the recurrence process and to discover vulnerabilities that render the tumor sensitive to therapeutic intervention. GLASS is a community-

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Ross, Jennifer, Adriana Olar, and Christine Fuller. "A Pediatric Case of Diffuse Glioma Diagnosed at Autopsy." Academic Forensic Pathology 7, no. 4 (2017): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.23907/2017.056.

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Sudden death from an undiagnosed primary intracranial neoplasm is extremely uncommon and even rarer in the pediatric population. Gliomatosis cerebri (GC) represents a growth pattern demonstrable by a variety of gliomas, predominating in adults. Herein we present a rare occurrence of diagnosis of a pediatric glioma with a GC pattern of infiltration at autopsy and compare the immunohistochemical results and molecular characteristics in this tumor to the small amount of published knowledge available about pediatric diffuse gliomas with widespread brain invasion.

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Hennika, Tammy, and Oren J. Becher. "Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma." Journal of Child Neurology 31, no. 12 (2016): 1377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073815601495.

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Aziz-Bose, Razina, and Michelle Monje. "Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma." Current Opinion in Oncology 31, no. 6 (2019): 522–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cco.0000000000000577.

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Esparragosa, Inés, Ricardo Díez-Valle, Sonia Tejada, and Jaime Gállego Pérez-Larraya. "Management of diffuse glioma." La Presse Médicale 47, no. 11-12 (2018): e199-e212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lpm.2018.04.014.

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