Relevant bibliographies by topics / Diffusely-adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC)

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Academic literature on the topic 'Diffusely-adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Diffusely-adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC)"

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Spano, Liliana C., Ana Daniela I. Sadovsky, Paula N. Segui, Ketene W. Saick, Sonia M. S. Kitagawa, Fausto E. L. Pereira, Ulysses Fagundes-Neto, and Isabel C. A. Scaletsky. "Age-specific prevalence of diffusely adherent Escherichia coli in Brazilian children with acute diarrhoea." Journal of Medical Microbiology 57, no. 3 (March 1, 2008): 359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47660-0.

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In a prospective study between February 2003 and June 2004, stool specimens of children less than 2 years of age with diarrhoea (n=218) and without diarrhoea (n=86), living in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, were examined for the presence of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli. E. coli isolates were tested by colony blot hybridization with specific DNA probes designed to detect EPEC, ETEC, EIEC, EAEC, DAEC and EHEC/STEC. Diarrhoeagenic E. coli strains were detected as the sole pathogen in stools of 92 (30.3 %) children, including 72 (33.0 %) with diarrhoea and 20 (23.2 %) without diarrhoea. DAEC was the most frequent pathotype and was found significantly more often from patients (18.3 %) than from controls (8.1 %) (P<0.05), particularly among children more than 1 year of age (P=0.01). Atypical EPEC and EAEC isolates were isolated from both patients (5.5 % and 4.6 %, respectively) and controls (6.9 % and 6.9 %, respectively). ETEC was more frequently isolated from patients (3.2 %) than controls (1.2 %). Typical EPEC (0.9 %) and EIEC (0.4 %) isolates were detected only in children with diarrhoea. In conclusion, our data suggest that DAEC should be considered potential pathogens in the region of Brazil studied.
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Patzi-Vargas, Sandra, Mussaret Zaidi, Rodolfo Bernal-Reynaga, Magda León-Cen, Alba Michel, and Teresa Estrada-Garcia. "Persistent bloody diarrhoea without fever associated with diffusely adherent Escherichia coli in a young child." Journal of Medical Microbiology 62, no. 12 (December 1, 2013): 1907–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.062349-0.

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Diffusely adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC) is thought to cause diarrhoea in children, and so too are other diarrhoeagenic E. coli (DEC); however, the evidence base is inconclusive. DEC pathotypes are differentiated on the basis of their pathogenic features, and thus cannot be quickly identified on selective culture media. Molecular techniques, not readily available in most clinical laboratories, are required to differentiate DEC strains from non-pathogenic E. coli in the stool flora. We report a case of persistent bloody diarrhoea, without fever, in a previously healthy 21-month infant from whom we isolated five DAEC strains. The child’s stools movements were loose, with gross blood and mucus; fresh mount analysis revealed numerous faecal leukocytes and erythrocytes. Response to antimicrobial treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was poor despite susceptibility in vitro. Although the patient improved with azithromycin, blood was present in the patient’s stools for over 30 days. The severe diarrhoea in this patient might be explained by the fact that these DAEC isolates harboured a siderophore receptor, which allows the bacteria to use iron derived from haem compounds that promote its multiplication. The isolates also induced in vitro secretion of several immunomodulatory cytokines that may account for the patient’s loose stools and faecal leukocytes. DAEC may play a greater role than suspected in afebrile children with bloody diarrhoea.
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Servin, Alain L. "Pathogenesis of Afa/Dr Diffusely Adhering Escherichia coli." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 18, no. 2 (April 2005): 264–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.18.2.264-292.2005.

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SUMMARY Over the last few years, dramatic increases in our knowledge about diffusely adhering Escherichia coli (DAEC) pathogenesis have taken place. The typical class of DAEC includes E. coli strains harboring AfaE-I, AfaE-II, AfaE-III, AfaE-V, Dr, Dr-II, F1845, and NFA-I adhesins (Afa/Dr DAEC); these strains (i) have an identical genetic organization and (ii) allow binding to human decay-accelerating factor (DAF) (Afa/DrDAF subclass) or carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (Afa/DrCEA subclass). The atypical class of DAEC includes two subclasses of strains; the atypical subclass 1 includes E. coli strains that express AfaE-VII, AfaE-VIII, AAF-I, AAF-II, and AAF-III adhesins, which (i) have an identical genetic organization and (ii) do not bind to human DAF, and the atypical subclass 2 includes E. coli strains that harbor Afa/Dr adhesins or others adhesins promoting diffuse adhesion, together with pathogenicity islands such as the LEE pathogenicity island (DA-EPEC). In this review, the focus is on Afa/Dr DAEC strains that have been found to be associated with urinary tract infections and with enteric infection. The review aims to provide a broad overview and update of the virulence aspects of these intriguing pathogens. Epidemiological studies, diagnostic techniques, characteristic molecular features of Afa/Dr operons, and the respective role of Afa/Dr adhesins and invasins in pathogenesis are described. Following the recognition of membrane-bound receptors, including type IV collagen, DAF, CEACAM1, CEA, and CEACAM6, by Afa/Dr adhesins, activation of signal transduction pathways leads to structural and functional injuries at brush border and junctional domains and to proinflammatory responses in polarized intestinal cells. In addition, uropathogenic Afa/Dr DAEC strains, following recognition of β1 integrin as a receptor, enter epithelial cells by a zipper-like, raft- and microtubule-dependent mechanism. Finally, the presence of other, unknown virulence factors and the way that an Afa/Dr DAEC strain emerges from the human intestinal microbiota as a “silent pathogen” are discussed.
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Półtorak, Katarzyna, Kinga Wieczorek, and Jacek Osek. "Pathogenic Escherichia coli – virulence mechanisms." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 72, no. 6 (2016): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.5522.

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E. coli are the predominant microorganisms in the human gastrointestinal tract. In most cases, they exist as harmless comensals, and some of them are beneficial to their host in balancing gut flora and absorption of nutrients. However, there are pathogenic strains that cause a broad range of diseases in humans and animals, from diarrhea to bloodstream infections. Among bacterial strains causing these symptoms, seven pathotypes are now recognized: enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC), and adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC). Several different strains cause diverse diseases by means of virulence factors that facilitate their interactions with the host, including colonization of the intestinal epithelial surfaces, crossing of the mucosal barriers, invasion of the bloodstream and internal organs or producing toxins that affect various cellular processes. Pathogenic E. coli are commonly studied in humans, animals, food and the environment, in developed and developing countries. The presented paper reviews recent information concerning the pathogenic mechanisms of E. coli, the role of animals and food in the transmission chain and a short overview of epidemiological data.
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Brook, M. G., H. R. Smith, B. A. Bannister, M. McConnell, H. Chart, S. M. Scotland, A. Sawyer, M. Smith, and B. Rowe. "Prospective study of verocytotoxin–producing, enteroaggregative and diffusely adherentEscherichia coliin different diarrhoeal states." Epidemiology and Infection 112, no. 1 (February 1994): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800057423.

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SummaryOne hundred and eighty–one stool specimens from patients with various types of diarrhoea (135 patients) or from non-diarrhoeal controls (23 acute medical patients, 23 inflammatory bowel disease in remission) were investigated using a colony–blot DNA hybridization assay for the presence of Verocytotoxin–producing (VTEC), enteroaggregative (EAggEC) and diffusely adherent (DAEC)Escherichia coli. Twelve patients had probe–positive EAggEC in the stool and 8 of these had diarrhoea, 6 following recent travel. Eight patients had DAEC, 7 of whom had travellers diarrhoea. Six of 10 (60%) travellers with gastroenteritis, but without a recognized enteric pathogen, were positive for EAggEC (4) or DAEC (2). Five of 10 (50%) travellers with gastroenteritis related to a recognized enteric pathogen also had DAEC identified in their stool. Of the 23 acute medical control patients 11 had been abroad, 4 of these were immigrants and had EAggEC. VTEC were not found and, with one exception, immunoassays for antibodies toE. coliO 157 and O 2 lipopolysaccharides were negative.
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Bouguénec, Chantal, and Alain L. Servin. "Diffusely adherent Escherichia coli strains expressing Afa/Dr adhesins (Afa/Dr DAEC): hitherto unrecognized pathogens." FEMS Microbiology Letters 256, no. 2 (March 2006): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00144.x.

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Beinke, Christina, Sven Laarmann, Clemens Wachter, Helge Karch, Lilo Greune, and M. Alexander Schmidt. "Diffusely Adhering Escherichia coliStrains Induce Attaching and Effacing Phenotypes and Secrete Homologs of Esp Proteins." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 528–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.2.528-539.1998.

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ABSTRACT Recent epidemiological studies indicate that Escherichia coli strains which exhibit the diffuse-adherence phenotype (DAEC strains) represent a potential cause of diarrhea in infants. We investigated the interaction of DAEC strains isolated from diarrhea patients in Brazil and in Germany with epithelial cells in tissue culture. The investigated strains were identified as DAEC strains by (i) their attachment pattern, (ii) presence of genes associated with the Dr family of adhesins, and (iii) lack of genetic markers for other diarrhea-associated E. coli categories. Several clinical DAEC isolates were shown to secrete similar patterns of proteins into tissue culture medium. Protein secretion was found to be regulated by environmental parameters, namely, medium, temperature, pH, and iron concentration. DAEC strains secreting these proteins induced accumulation of actin and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins at sites of bacterial attachment, leading to the formation of pedestals and/or extended surface structures. These changes were phenotypically similar to the attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions observed with enteropathogenic and some enterohemorrhagic E. coli strains carrying the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) pathogenicity island. Proteins homologous to the EspA, EspB, and EspD proteins, necessary for signal transduction events inducing A/E lesions, were identified by sequence analysis and cross-reaction of specific antibodies. However, initially nonadhering strains secreting these proteins induced signal transduction events only after prolonged infection. These results indicate that secretion of the Esp proteins alone is not sufficient for efficient signal transduction. This study further shows that some DAEC strains are likely to contain a homolog(s) of the LEE locus which may contribute to the pathogenic potential of DAEC.
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Nascimento de Araújo, A. "Human milk fractions inhibit the adherence of diffusely adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC) and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) to HeLa cells." FEMS Microbiology Letters 184, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1097(00)00028-8.

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Blanc-Potard, Anne-Beatrice, Colin Tinsley, Isabel Scaletsky, Chantal Le Bouguenec, Julie Guignot, Alain L. Servin, Xavier Nassif, and Marie-Francoise Bernet-Camard. "Representational Difference Analysis between Afa/Dr Diffusely Adhering Escherichia coli and Nonpathogenic E. coli K-12." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 10 (October 2002): 5503–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.10.5503-5511.2002.

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ABSTRACT Diffusely adhering Escherichia coli strains harboring Afa/Dr adhesins (Afa/Dr DAEC) have been associated with diarrhea and urinary tract infections (UTIs). The present work is the first extensive molecular study of a Afa/Dr DAEC strain using the representational difference analysis technique. We have searched for DNA sequences present in strain C1845, recovered from a diarrheagenic child, but absent from a nonpathogenic K-12 strain. Strain C1845 harbors part of a pathogenicity island (PAICFT073) and several iron transport systems found in other E. coli pathovars. We did not find genes encoding factors known to subvert host cell proteins, such as type III secretion system or effector proteins. Several C1845-specific sequences are homologous to putative virulence genes or show no homology with known sequences, and we have analyzed their distribution among Afa/Dr and non-Afa/Dr clinical isolates and among strains from the E. coli Reference Collection. Three C1845-specific sequences (MO30, S109, and S111) have a high prevalence (77 to 80%) among Afa/Dr strains and a low prevalence (12 to 23%) among non-Afa/Dr strains. In addition, our results indicate that strain IH11128, an Afa/Dr DAEC strain recovered from a patient with a UTI, is genetically closely related to strain C1845.
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Sémiramoth, Nicolas, Aude Gleizes, Isabelle Turbica, Catherine Sandré, Viviana Marin-Esteban, Roseline Gorges, Alain Servin, and Sylvie Chollet-Martin. "Afa/Dr-Expressing, Diffusely Adhering Escherichia coli Strain C1845 Triggers F1845 Fimbria-Dependent Phosphatidylserine Externalization on Neutrophil-Like Differentiated PLB-985 Cells through an Apoptosis-Independent Mechanism." Infection and Immunity 78, no. 7 (April 19, 2010): 2974–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01354-09.

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ABSTRACT The enterovirulent Escherichia coli strains potentially involved in inflammatory bowel diseases include diffusely adherent strains expressing Afa/Dr fimbriae (Afa/Dr DAEC). We have previously observed type 1 pilus-mediated interleukin-8 (IL-8) hyperproduction in infected neutrophils. As pathogen induction of host cell death programs and clearance of apoptotic infected cells are crucial for innate immune system homeostasis and host integrity, we examined modulation of neutrophil cell death by Afa/Dr DAEC. Using the human PLB-985 cell line differentiated into fully mature neutrophils, we found that the wild-type enterovirulent E. coli strain C1845 and the recombinant strain DH5α/pF1845 (expressing the fimbrial adhesin F1845) similarly induced time-dependent phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, suggesting a major specific role of this virulence factor. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) decay-accelerating factor (DAF)-transfected PLB-985 cells, we then showed that this PS externalization was triggered in part by glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored DAF receptor engagement (leading to tyrosine kinase and protein kinase C activation) and that it required cytoskeleton and lipid raft architectural integrity. PS externalization under these conditions was not dependent on caspases, mitochondria, lysosomes, or reactive oxygen or nitrogen species. F1845-mediated PS externalization was sufficient to enable macrophage engulfment of infected differentiated PLB-985 cells. These findings provide new insights into the neutrophil response to Afa/Dr DAEC infection and highlight a new role for F1845 fimbriae. Interestingly, although apoptosis pathways were not engaged, C1845-infected PLB-985 cells displayed enhanced removal by macrophages, a process that may participate in the resolution of Afa/Dr DAEC infection and related inflammation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diffusely-adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC)"

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Sarkar, Sonali Diamond Pamela M. DuPont Herbert L. "Diffusely adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC) as a cause of acute diarrhea." 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1459796.

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Snelling, Anna M., Louissa Macfarlane-Smith, Jonathan N. Fletcher, and Iruka N. Okeke. "The commonly-used DNA probe for diffusely-adherent Escherichia coli cross-reacts with a subset of enteroaggregative E. coli." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4778.

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Background. The roles of diffusely-adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC) and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) in disease are not well understood, in part because of the limitations of diagnostic tests for each of these categories of diarrhoea-causing E. coli. A HEp-2 adherence assay is the Gold Standard for detecting both EAEC and DAEC but DNA probes with limited sensitivity are also employed. Results. We demonstrate that the daaC probe, conventionally used to detect DAEC, cross-reacts with a subset of strains belonging to the EAEC category. The cross hybridization is due to 84% identity, at the nucleotide level, between the daaC locus and the aggregative adherence fimbriae II cluster gene, aafC, present in some EAEC strains. Because aaf-positive EAEC show a better association with diarrhoea than other EAEC, this specific cross-hybridization may have contributed to an over-estimation of the association of daaC with disease in some studies. We have developed a discriminatory PCR-RFLP protocol to delineate EAEC strains detected by the daaC probe in molecular epidemiological studies. Conclusions. A PCR-RFLP protocol described herein can be used to identify aaf-positive EAEC and daaC-positive DAEC and to delineate these two types of diarrhoeagenic E. coli, which both react with the daaC probe. This should help to improve current understanding and future investigations of DAEC and EAEC epidemiology.
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Book chapters on the topic "Diffusely-adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC)"

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Meza-Segura, Mario, and Teresa Estrada-Garcia. "Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli." In Escherichia coli in the Americas, 125–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45092-6_6.

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Nataro, James P., and Theodore Steiner. "Enteroaggregative and Diffusely Adherent Escherichia Coli." In Escherichia Coli, 189–207. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012220751-8/50007-0.

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