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Journal articles on the topic 'Diffusion de la culture – Venezuela'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Fernandes Rocha, David. "Gestión cultural para la difusión y preservación de la guasa guayanesa de Ciudad Bolívar en Venezuela." Communiars. Revista de Imagen, Artes y Educación Crítica y Social, no. 1 (2018): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/communiars.2018.i01.07.

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2

Gonzalez-Campo, Carlos Hernán. "Editorial." Cuadernos de Administración 33, no. 59 (March 13, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/cdea.v33i59.6261.

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The 59th issue of the Cuadernos de Administración journal, after a process of assessment, selected 6 papers that will be at the academic community’s disposition. They are part of the papers published this year 2017 where we are implementing the most important changes in the history of the journal.The first paper bears the title International markets entry strategy determinants: an exploratory study in Peru which proposes identifying determining factors in the strategies of entry into international markets as implemented by Peruvian businessmen. Exportations within the non-traditional sector are proposed among its findings.The second paper is about a case study of a company from Colombia’s engineering sector from where an organizational culture model for innovation is proposed; its title being “Proposal of an organizational culture model for innovation”. Its conclusions include recommendations for an intervention within organization and improving innovation from creativity.The third title “Management of technology valuation in plastic packages-producing companies of Bogotá, Colombia” is related with the topic of technology valuation in Colombian companies, where the low usage of these kinds of tools is identified within the management of companies and the usage limitations in the few companies that use them.Technological capacity and knowledge acquiring as key factors for performance in Cali’s industrial sector’s SMEs is the fourth paper to be published in this number. This is an empirical study performed in 124 Colombian SMEs located in Cali (Valle del Cauca). The obtained results permit to conclude that information technologies directly have the capacity to increase organizational performance. Additionally, for the authors, the paper contributes to the theories of resources and capacities, and to dynamic capacity.The fifth paper entitled “Practical application of the Lima happiness scale to workers of service companies in Barquisimeto, Venezuela” presents indicators that have the capacity of measuring the degree of happiness with a company from its employees’ perception.Towards dialogical administration: a proposal from Gadamer’s thinking is the title of the last paper in this 59th issue, which proposes the need of dialogical administration capable of overcoming the fundamental pillars of instrumental-type traditional administration. For such a purpose a qualitative-documentary methodology is proposed and a hermeneutical method, aside from Gadamer’s thinking, in order to build a dialogical administration proposal where, according to the author, “the dialog is rescued from instrumentalization”.As Editor I would like to thank all the authors of this issue of the Cuadernos de Administración journal for their contributions, and to our readers we hope that all the changes that we are carrying out as a journal enables a greater diffusion of the published knowledge, where its content is each author’s own responsibility.

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3

Mata Carnevali, María Gabriela. "PETROCARIBE AND THE VENEZUELAN CLAIM OVER THE ESSEQUIBO: A POLITICAL CULTURE VERSUS THE POLICY OF THE CULTURE." Latin American Report 31, no. 2 (October 13, 2016): 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0256-6060/486.

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Cultural identity can define political interests through particular policies that advance such identity, while, on the other hand, there is political culture where political calculations are pre-eminent. Both of these tendencies are present in the case involving the Venezuelan energy initiative PETROCARIBE and its very poor outcomes. The PETROCARIBE initiative launched by Hugo Chávez as a part of a pact to assist in the economic and social development of countries in the Caribbean while enhancing Venezuelan ideological influence and regional power countered challenges, among which were cultural barriers embedded in the very making of the Carribean as a region. Cultural barriers were also evident in the recent ‘betrayal’ of Venezuela by the Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM), which backed Guyana over Venezuela in the competing claims over the territory of Essequibo. Is culture the real obstacle to Venezuela’s quest for its Caribbean identity? Though there are many examples in the world of successful integration involving countries of different cultures, this article argues that the PETROCARIBE initiative in a region whose region-ness is complex and more imagined than real was a huge political mistake that may contribute to the fall of the revolutionary government in Venezuela.

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4

Berlin, Margalit. "Research Note: Business Environment and Corporate Culture in Venezuela." Organization Studies 17, no. 5 (September 1996): 843–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/017084069601700507.

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5

McBeth, Brian. "The Enduring Legacy: Oil, Culture, and Society in Venezuela." Hispanic American Historical Review 91, no. 2 (May 1, 2011): 356–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-1165352.

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6

Chirinos Muñoz, Mónica Susana, Carola Orrego, Cesar Montoya, and Rosa Suñol. "Predictors of patient safety culture in hospitals in Venezuela." Medicine 100, no. 18 (May 7, 2021): e25316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000025316.

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7

Grosse, Robert. "Granell, E. (1997) Managing Culture for Success, Ediciones IESA: Caracas, Venezuela." Thunderbird International Business Review 41, no. 2 (March 1999): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tie.4270410210.

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8

Bernal, Richard L. "The Guyanese Culture: Fusion or Diffusion?" Caribbean Quarterly 64, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00086495.2018.1435349.

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9

Berlin, Margalit. "DISONANCIAS ENTRE EL ENTORNO LOCAL DE LOS NEGOCIOS Y LA CULTURA CORPORATIVA EN UN PAIS LATINOAMERICANO." Cuadernos de difusión, no. 6 (December 30, 1995): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46631/jefas.1995.n6.02.

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The article analyzes the relationship between the corporate culture of a multinational company headquartered in the United States, which enjoys great prestige worldwide, and the business environment and practices in Venezuela, where it has an operation. The prevailing culture in the corporation is North American and the top managers come from their country of origin. In Venezuela, on the other hand, most of the companies are family-owned, and personal contacts and influences prevail. The research is oriented to the elaboration of a qualitative diagnosis, through rigorous observation and semi-structured interviews. The results revealed that there is resistance on the part of Venezuelan managers to follow the culture of a strict company governed by rules set in a very different economic and political context. The ambiguity between acceptance and low identification with the values of the parent company leads to think of corporate culture as fragmented.

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10

Lebowitz, Michael A., Roland Denis, Sara Motta, Steve Ellner, Susan Spronk, George Ciccariello-Maher, Sujatha Fernandes, Jeffery R. Webber, and Thomas Purcell. "The Bolivarian Process in Venezuela: A Left Forum." Historical Materialism 19, no. 1 (2011): 233–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920611x564734.

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AbstractThe ‘Bolivarian Revolution’ in Venezuela under Hugo Chávez has reignited debate in Latin America and internationally on the questions of socialism and revolution. This forum brings together six leading intellectuals from different revolutionary traditions and introduces their reflections on class-struggle, the state, imperialism, counter-power, revolutionary parties, community and communes, workplaces, economy, politics, society, culture, race, gender, and the hopes, contradictions, and prospects of ‘twenty-first-century socialism’ in contemporary Venezuela.

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11

Scaramelli, Franz, and Kay Tarble de Scaramelli. "The roles of material culture in the colonization of the Orinoco, Venezuela." Journal of Social Archaeology 5, no. 1 (February 2005): 135–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469605305050152.

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12

Santiago, M. "Miguel Tinker Salas. The Enduring Legacy: Oil, Culture, and Society in Venezuela." Enterprise and Society 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2009): 168–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/es/khp085.

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13

Tolbert, Amy S., and Gary N. McLean. "Venezuelan culture assimilator for training united states professionals conducting business in Venezuela." International Journal of Intercultural Relations 19, no. 1 (December 1995): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(94)00027-u.

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14

Hae-Rim Yang. "Culture Content and Diffusion of Digital Media." Studies in Philosophy East-West ll, no. 58 (December 2010): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15841/kspew..58.201012.47.

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15

Brown, Matthew. "The Enduring Legacy: Oil, Culture and Society in Venezuela - by Tinker Salas, Miguel." Bulletin of Latin American Research 30, no. 1 (December 1, 2010): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-9856.2010.00459.x.

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16

Ameringer, Charles D. "The Enduring Legacy: Oil, Culture, and Society in Venezuela - By Miguel Tinker Salas." Historian 73, no. 2 (June 2011): 358–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6563.2011.00294_32.x.

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17

Brownell, Willard N., Anthony J. Provenzano, and Manuel Martínez. "CULTURE OF THE WEST INDIAN SPIDER CRAB (Mithrax spinosissimus) AT LOS ROQUES, VENEZUELA." Proceedings of the annual meeting - World Mariculture Society 8, no. 1-4 (February 25, 2009): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1977.tb00114.x.

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18

Rahman, Kazi A., Rangarajan Sudarsan, and Hermann J. Eberl. "A Mixed-Culture Biofilm Model with Cross-Diffusion." Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 77, no. 11 (November 2015): 2086–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11538-015-0117-1.

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19

Gao, Wenjun, Lin Qiu, Chi-yue Chiu, and Yiyin Yang. "Diffusion of Opinions in a Complex Culture System." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 46, no. 10 (November 2015): 1252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022115610212.

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20

Wen, Bo, Hui Li, Daru Lu, Xiufeng Song, Feng Zhang, Yungang He, Feng Li, et al. "Genetic evidence supports demic diffusion of Han culture." Nature 431, no. 7006 (September 2004): 302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02878.

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21

Kaplan, Rami. "The Business-led Globalization of CSR: Channels of Diffusion into Venezuela and Britain, 1962–1981." Academy of Management Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (August 2017): 17115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2017.17115abstract.

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22

Kaplan, Rami, and Daniel Kinderman. "The Business-Led Globalization of CSR: Channels of Diffusion From the United States Into Venezuela and Britain, 1962-1981." Business & Society 59, no. 3 (July 22, 2017): 439–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650317717958.

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The global spread of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices is widely explained in institutional-isomorphic terms: Corporations worldwide adopt CSR in reaction to isomorphic pressures exerted on them by a pro-CSR global environment, including normative calls for CSR, activist targeting, civil regulation frameworks, and educational activities. By contrast, this article considers the proactive agency of corporations in CSR diffusion, which is informed by nonmarket strategies that seek to instrumentally reshape the political and social environment of corporations. Applying a “channels-of-diffusion” perspective, we show that in the initial phase of CSR’s transnational diffusion—as exemplified by the cases of Venezuela (1962-1967) and Britain (1977-1981)—CSR traveled through learning exchanges between business elite “exporters” and “importers” whose engagement in diffusion addressed crisis-enhanced political threats and opportunities in the receiving country. The focal agents established national CSR business associations, which disseminated among local corporations CSR practices adapted to confront the challenges at hand. We identify the features of such “business-led cross-national diffusions of CSR”; formulate propositions regarding their conditions, dynamics, and effects; and suggest that further research of this mode of diffusion would advance a more nuanced and balanced understanding of CSR’s globalization.

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23

MacLeod, Alan. "Manufacturing Consent in Venezuela: Media Misreporting of a Country, 1998–2014." Critical Sociology 46, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 273–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920518820934.

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This article assesses Western news media coverage of Venezuela between 1998 and 2014. It found that the major newspapers in the UK and US reproduce the ideology of Western governments, ignoring strong empirical evidence challenging those positions. The press portrayed Venezuela in an overwhelmingly negative light, presenting highly contested minority opinions as facts while barely mentioning competing arguments, as Herman and Chomsky’s (2002) propaganda model would predict. After conducting interviews, it is clear that a small cadre of pre-selected journalists is immersed into a highly antagonistic newsroom culture that sees itself as the “resistance” to the Venezuelan government and its purpose to defeat it. As a result, hegemony of thought reigns and some journalists report self-censorship.

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24

Willsany, Casimiro,, and Edumary Medina. "Cultura organizacional en empresa de venta de productos de lunchería." Maya - Revista de Administración y Turismo 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33996/maya.v2i1.2.

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El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la cultura organizacionalde la empresa C.M., C.A. ubicada en Valencia, estado Carabobo, Venezuela quepermita sentar las bases para recomendar estrategias dirigidas a mejorar elclima y desempeño de la organización. Para lograr esto se definió comoobjetivos específicos diagnosticar la cultura organizacional de la empresa yexaminar la cultura organizacional existente. La metodología empleada es unenfoque cuantitativo con diseño de campo, no experimental. Se aplicó uncuestionario a diez trabajadores de C.M., C.A. de quince ítems con respuestasde tipo policotómicas. Los resultados analizados en base a las bases teóricasconsultadas, permitieron evidenciar de manera concluyente que la empresapresenta debilidades en su cultura organizacional.Palabras clave: Estrategias, valores, cultura organizacional ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to evaluate the organizational culture of thecompany C.M., C.A. located in Valencia, Carabobo state, Venezuela that allowslaying the foundations to recommend strategies aimed at improving theclimate and performance of the organization. To achieve this, specificobjectives were defined to diagnose the organizational culture of the companyand examine the existing organizational culture. The methodology used is aquantitative approach with field design, not experimental. A questionnaire wasapplied to ten C.M., C.A. of fifteen items with polycotomic responses. Theresults analyzed based on the theoretical bases consulted allowed conclusiveevidence that the company has weaknesses in its organizational culture.Key words: Strategies, values, organizational culture

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25

Villalobos Soto, Dani José. "LA REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA Y NICARAGUA, EN EL MARCO DEL ACUERDO ENERGÉTICO." Ciencia e Interculturalidad 11, no. 2 (February 28, 2013): 119–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rci.v11i2.963.

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El Cooperativismo entre las Repúblicas Bolivariana de Venezuela y Nicaragua, consolidan la expresión de la democracia entre ambas naciones, de manera que este término “Cooperativismo”, constituye la nueva forma de integración de América Latina y el Caribe. Esta investigación analiza el Acuerdo de Cooperación Energética entre la República de Nicaragua y la República Bolivariana de Venezuela caso PETROCARIBE, 2007-2009. El logro de los objetivos se basa acerca de la economía en PETROCARIBE y las estadísticas sobre la balanza comercial entre ambos países. Esta investigación fue de tipo documental-descriptivo, el diseño bibliográfico y las fases utilizadas fueron descriptivos, analíticos, interpretativos y constructivos. Se concluye que el Acuerdo de Cooperación Energética PETROCARIBE, constituye una alternativa para la República de Nicaragua permitiendo dar espacio al desarrollo en áreas como economía, sociedad, producción, cultura entre otras, y para la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, aparte de fortalecer los aspectos económicos, fortifica aun más los aspectos de política exterior.SummaryThe cooperation among the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and Nicaragua, strengthen the democracy expression between both nations, so the term "cooperativism" is the new form of integration of Latin America and the Caribbean. This research analyzes the Energetic Cooperation Agreement between the Republic of Nicaragua and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, PETROCARIBE case, 2007-2009. The achievement of the objectives is based on the economy in PETROCARIBE and the commercial balance statistics between both countries. This research was documentary-descriptive; the literature design and phases used were descriptive, analytical, interpretive and constructive. We conclude that the PETROCARIBE Energetic Cooperation Agreement represents an alternative to the Republic of Nicaragua, by allowing space for development in areas such as economy, society, production, culture, among others; and for the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, besides strengthening the economic aspects, it even strengthens the foreign policy aspects.

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26

Guss, D. M. ""Full Speed Ahead with Venezuela": The Tobacco Industry, Nationalism, and the Business of Popular Culture." Public Culture 9, no. 1 (October 1, 1996): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/08992363-9-1-33.

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27

Murphy, Trey. "Grassroots Politics and Oil Culture in Venezuela: The Revolutionary Petro-State by Iselin Åsedotter Strønen." Journal of Latin American Geography 17, no. 3 (2018): 288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lag.2018.0064.

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28

Craven, J. A., B. Harte, D. Fisher, and D. J. Schulze. "Diffusion in diamond. I. Carbon isotope mapping of natural diamond." Mineralogical Magazine 73, no. 2 (April 2009): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2009.073.2.193.

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AbstractRecent advances in ion microprobe instrumentation and techniques have enabled the mapping of C isotope ratios across the whole of a polished plate of a natural diamond from Guaniamo, Venezuela. The resultant map of C isotope variation closely matches the cathodoluminescence image of the growth structure of the diamond and, therefore, indicates an extremely limited scale of diffusion of C atoms sincethetimeof diamond formation. This result is compatible with thelimite d mobility of N atoms shown by theIaAB aggregation stateof thediamond. Inclusions in thediamond aree clogitic, in common with many Guaniamo diamonds with temperatures of formation of around 1200ºC. At such temperature the IaAB aggregation state indicates a mantle residence time on the order of 1 Ga. Such temperatures of formation and mantle residence times are common to many natural diamonds; thus the extremely limited diffusion of C isotopes shown by the mapping indicates that many diamonds will retain the C isotope compositions of their initial formation.

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29

Guichard-Anguis, Sylvie. "Diffusion d’une culture alimentaire régionale etrestauration : Kii Tanabe (Japon)." Norois, no. 219 (June 30, 2011): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/norois.3588.

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30

Guillaumont, Antoine. "La diffusion de la culture grecque dans l'Orient chrétien." Comptes-rendus des séances de l année - Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres 137, no. 4 (1993): 873–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/crai.1993.15273.

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31

Gade, Daniel W. "Environment, Culture and Diffusion : The Broad Bean in Québec." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 38, no. 104 (April 12, 2005): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/022428ar.

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An ancient Old World domesticate, broad bean [Vicia faba) was carried from Europe to North America early in the seventeenth century. Competition and unfavorable growing conditions marginalized it over most of the United States and Canada. The major exception was the Saguenay—Lac-Saint-Jean region where gourgane acquired a horticultural and culinary role. However, its cultivation there is not an archaic survival of old French varieties and usages. This study poses larger questions about the interplay of agro-ecological fit and cultural factors in the intercontinental transfer of crops.

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32

Sreberny, Annabelle. "Mediated Culture in the Middle East: Diffusion, Democracy, Difficulties." Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 63, no. 2-3 (May 2001): 101–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0016549201063002002.

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33

Dorier-Apprill, Élisabeth, and Robert Ziavoula. "La diffusion de la culture évangélique en Afrique centrale." Hérodote 119, no. 4 (2005): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/her.119.0129.

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34

Maitland, Carleen. "Global diffusion of interactive networks: The impact of culture." AI & Society 13, no. 4 (December 1999): 341–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01205982.

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35

Arnal, Yolanda Texera. "Government and University: The Emergence of Academic Biology in Venezuela." Science, Technology and Society 12, no. 1 (March 2007): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097172180601200102.

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This article describes the factors that played a role in paving the way for the emergence of the basic sciences, in particular biology, at the Universidad Central de Venezuela in 1946. Account has been taken of the fluid, dynamic situation in the country—at that time undergoing a process of change—that influenced the visions of the players taking part in this project, which unfolded in a university environment that demanded profound changes, both on the political-academic front and in terms of physical infrastructure, to enable it to adapt to the process of modernisation that was taking place. In order to put this research into its proper context, we have examined elements from the world of politics, and from the economic and social fields, as well as aspects of the dominant culture. In existing documentation, moreover, there are indications of agreements and disagreements among members of the university itself, and between the university and representatives of the government, a struggle that reveals personal preferences, given approaches and political commitments, visions of science and even professional jealousies.

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36

Filimonau, Viachaslau, and Loredana Perez. "National culture and tourist destination choice in the UK and Venezuela: an exploratory and preliminary study." Tourism Geographies 21, no. 2 (November 8, 2018): 235–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1490342.

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37

Zhang, Tao, Shi Jie Zhou, Qiang Wei, Ting Ting Liu, Wen Wu Zhou, and Ya Song Zhou. "Comparative Study on Hydrotreating of Venezuela De-Asphalted Oil: Conversion Behavior of Heteroatom Compounds and HDM Catalyst Deactivation." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.320.

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A 1000 hour hydrotreating experiment was performed to investigate the hydrotreating behavior of heteroatom compounds (first stage) and HDM catalyst deactivation (second stage) using Venezuela De-Asphalted Oil. The effect of reaction severity on impurities removal was the expected one, the deeper the hydrotreating degree, the higher the conversion of impurities. The Characterization of spent HDM catalyst shows that the content of coke deposition on spent HDM catalyst is only 4 wt% while that of metal is more than 30 wt%. Vanadium compounds in DAO with less diffusion resistance can deposit inside of the HDM catalyst grain. Lower coke formation also retard the HDM catalyst by keeping the diffusion pores and active cites. The removal of asphaltenes largely improved the stability of the HDM catalyst.

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Takeuchi, Akimasa, Kiyoshi Kotani, Makoto Noshiro, and Yasuhiko Jimbo. "Device for Long-Term Culture of Cardiomyocytes using Molecular Diffusion." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 132, no. 7 (2012): 1204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.132.1204.

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39

Cattani, Gino. "Beyond Gangnam Style: The Global Diffusion of Korean Pop Culture." Academy of Management Proceedings 2016, no. 1 (January 2016): 14052. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.14052symposium.

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40

Whiten, Andrew, and Alex Mesoudi. "Establishing an experimental science of culture: animal social diffusion experiments." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 363, no. 1509 (September 17, 2008): 3477–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0134.

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A growing set of observational studies documenting putative cultural variations in wild animal populations has been complemented by experimental studies that can more rigorously distinguish between social and individual learning. However, these experiments typically examine only what one animal learns from another. Since the spread of culture is inherently a group-level phenomenon, greater validity can be achieved through ‘diffusion experiments’, in which founder behaviours are experimentally manipulated and their spread across multiple individuals tested. Here we review the existing corpus of 33 such studies in fishes, birds, rodents and primates and offer the first systematic analysis of the diversity of experimental designs that have arisen. We distinguish three main transmission designs and seven different experimental/control approaches, generating an array with 21 possible cells, 15 of which are currently represented by published studies. Most but not all of the adequately controlled diffusion experiments have provided robust evidence for cultural transmission in at least some taxa, with transmission spreading across populations of up to 24 individuals and along chains of up to 14 transmission events. We survey the achievements of this work, its prospects for the future and its relationship to diffusion studies with humans discussed in this theme issue and elsewhere.

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41

Zhang, Nan. "The role of Web 2.0 applications on niche culture diffusion." Online Information Review 35, no. 5 (September 27, 2011): 734–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14684521111176471.

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42

NAKANO, Kenjiro, Tatsuhide HAYASHI, Hideki KAWAI, Yukiko TAKEI, Yosuke SATO, Kimitoshi ANDO, Yuzo ONO, et al. "Cell culture in vivo by means of diffusion chamber system." Dental Materials Journal 28, no. 4 (2009): 382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4012/dmj.28.382.

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43

Ren, Jingli, and Ying Xu. "A MICROBIAL CONTINUOUS CULTURE SYSTEM WITH DIFFUSION AND DIVERSIFIED GROWTH." Journal of Applied Analysis & Computation 9, no. 3 (2019): 981–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.11948/2156-907x.20180195.

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44

Schmitt, Carina. "Culture, Closeness, or Commerce? Policy Diffusion and Social Spending Dynamics." Swiss Political Science Review 19, no. 2 (June 2013): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/spsr.12035.

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45

Harutyunyan, Ani, and Ömer Özak. "Culture, diffusion, and economic development: The problem of observational equivalence." Economics Letters 158 (September 2017): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2017.06.040.

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46

Stahl, Ann Brower. "Innovation, diffusion, and culture contact: The holocene archaeology of Ghana." Journal of World Prehistory 8, no. 1 (March 1994): 51–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02221837.

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KONO, Tetsuya. "The Concept of Natural Contact and the Culture of Diffusion." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 25, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 11_12–11_15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.25.11_12.

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48

Candia, Gonzalo. "Regional human rights institutions struggling against populism: The case of Venezuela." German Law Journal 20, no. 2 (April 2019): 141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/glj.2019.10.

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AbstractLatin American history is full of populist experiments. The result of this history is a political culture across the continent characterized by conflict and polarization. The most recent wave of Latin American populism is represented by neo-populism. Neo-populism identifies itself as the “socialism of the 21st century.” Its most representative expression is the Chavista regime, which was led first by Hugo Chávez, and then by Nicolás Maduro. This Article, after examining what populism is, considers how regional human rights institutions of the Americas have dealt with the Chavista regime. In doing so, this Article describes the efforts deployed by both the Inter-American Commission and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights to keep Chávez under control. This Article concludes that regional human rights supervision, being relevant in the context of the Venezuelan experience, was finally incapable of either preventing or stopping the authoritarian path adopted by Chávez. This was because: (a) early supervision over the Chavista regime did not avert its leaders from abusing human rights afterwards; and (b) intensifying regional supervision over the regime became paradoxically self-defeating after it took full control of the State apparatus.

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Garrido, M. J., G. E. Trujillo, and R. Cuello. "Detection of Sorghum yellow banding virus Infecting Grain Sorghum in Venezuela." Plant Disease 85, no. 2 (February 2001): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.2.230a.

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Naturally infected grain sorghum plants (Sorghum bicolor) in Maracay, Aragua State, showed yellow speckles, streaks and bands with chlorosis, stunting, and necrosis. A virus was mechanically transmitted to 3 to 10% of inoculated sorghum cvs. Atlas and Himeca-303 plants in the greenhouse. They developed symptoms similar to those in the field within 20 days after inoculation. The virus infected a narrow range of the gramineous species. It was not transmitted by Rhopalosiphum maidis, Schizaphis graminum, Peregrinus maidis, Dalbulus maidis, nor Hortensia similis, nor by sorghum seed. The virus was purified three times from fresh infected tissue giving yields as high as 14.7 mg/100 g. The A260/ A280 was 1.55. The virions were isometric, 25 nm in diameter, and contained a single capsid protein with a molecular weight of approximately 29 kDa. The virus was highly stable in sap. The virus was not serologically related to eight small isometric viruses that infect Gramineae species but did react in agar double-diffusion tests with antiserum (supplied by R. W. Toler) to Sorghum yellow banding virus (SYBV), a virus that affects sorghum and sorghum × sudangrass hybrids in Texas and California (1). Based on the above characteristics, the virus is considered to be SYBV. This disease has not been found in other states in Venezuela. This is the first report of SYBV infecting grain sorghum in Venezuela. Reference: (1) V. A. Klaassen and B. W. Falk. Phytopathology 79:646, 1989.

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Berlin, Margalit. "Lack of fit between business community and corporate culture: The case of a multinational company in Venezuela." International Executive 37, no. 2 (March 1995): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tie.5060370206.

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