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Journal articles on the topic 'Diffusion du chlorure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

DJERBI, Assia. "Diffusion des ions chlorure dans des bétons fissurés. Application à la durabilité des ouvrages littoraux." Revue Européenne de Génie Civil 10, no. 8 (2006): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2006.9692881.

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2

Cid, M., A. Peñuela, and M. C. Petit. "Influence de la Diffusion de L'Oxygene sur L'Initiation et L'Evolution des Phenomenes de Corrosion sur des Aciers en Milieu Chlorure Neutre." Materials Science Forum 8 (January 1986): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.8.33.

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3

Gomelya, Mykola, Yana Kryzhanovska, Iryna Makarenko, Tetyana Shabliy, and Oleksandr Kyrylyuk. "Evaluation of the efficiency of the processing of sodium chloride solutions by electrodialysis in a three-chamber electrolyzer using a high-basic anionite." Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving, no. 2 (June 30, 2025): 60–69. https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.2.2025.333975.

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The desalination process of highly mineralized waters is a rather multifactorial process that depends on a number of technical, economic and environmental aspects. This is an important stage for obtaining fresh water for its further use in various areas: from drinking water supply to industry. Processing of reverse osmosis water desalination concentrates is a relevant area of research not only in terms of waste disposal, but also in the development of low-waste resource-efficient production, which requires the implementation of innovative solutions and obtaining secondary useful products. One

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4

Qiu, Yinan, Yan Yang, Na Yang, et al. "Corrosion of Iron Covered with Iron Oxide Film by Chlorine and Hydrogen Chloride Gases: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study Using the ReaxFF." Energies 15, no. 12 (2022): 4237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124237.

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Flue gas produced by biomass fuel combustion contains various chlorine-containing substances and is an important factor causing biomass boiler corrosion. The corrosion processes of chlorine, hydrogen chloride and water on iron covered with an intact/damaged oxide film were investigated under the high temperature of 1300 K through reactive molecular dynamics simulation. The results show that the diffusion processes of oxygen and chlorine are similar and can be divided into three stages: rapid diffusion, continuous diffusion, and no oxide film (stable). Oxygen diffusion in Fe2O3 into a pure iron

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5

Hou, Fei, Yu Bai, and Jun Dong. "Numerical Analysis of the 2-Dimensional Diffusion Models of Choride Ions Based on the FDM with Alternating Direction Implicit Schemes." Advanced Materials Research 1020 (October 2014): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1020.92.

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Chloride ion etching is a significant reason for the damage of the reinforced concrete structures. Diffusion effect is considered to be the main form of which the chloride ion invades into the reinforced concrete structures. Assuming infinite diffusion medium, based on the Chlorine ion diffusion equation, and accounting for the effects of temperature and moisture, models of chloride diffusion in two-dimensional infinite body with consistent coefficient of diffusion and different coefficient of diffusion in both directions are formulated .Two-dimensional chloride ion diffusion behavior was simu

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6

Li, Pei Hao, and Bo Jin. "Modelling of Chloride Diffusion into Surface-Biodeposited Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 164 (April 2012): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.164.107.

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Chloride diffusuion is regarded as the dominant chloride transport process in concrete and the main cause of the corrosion of steel in concrete structures exposed to chloride-rich environments. Surface biodeposition can be applied to both new and existing concrete structures to restrain this deterioration. To gain comprehensive overview to the protective mechanism of surface biodeposition, a theoretical study of chloride diffusion through surface-biodeposited concrete is required. This paper proposes a physical model for surface biodeposited concrete, and develops a theoretical model to predic

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Song, Wen Jie, Jun Dong, Yu Bai, Fei Dong, and Wei Ze Sun. "Investigation of Numerical Modeling for Concrete Corroded by Chloride Ion Diffusion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 1922–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.1922.

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For concrete structure lack of enough durability due to corrosion by chloride ion under chlorine salt environment, and based on the Fick’s Diffusion Law, a mathematical model for concrete corroded by chloride ion diffusion is established and studied. Based on Galerkin FEM with weighted residuals, numerically discrete analysis of the models and final finite-difference-discrete format about time are obtained. Comparisons of PDE models between traditional heat conduction and chloride ion diffusion have been done. According to different parameters and APDL in ANSYS, a program for transformation of

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8

SEUX, R. "Étude expérimentale des facteurs de contamination par le CVM de l’eau des réseaux d’adduction publique." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 12 (January 20, 2021): 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202012105.

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Depuis fin 2012, en application de l’instruction DGS/EA4/2012/366 du 18 octobre 2012, les premières campagnes de prélèvements, spécifiquement réalisées pour définir les antennes en polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) « à risques chlorure de vinyle monomère (CVM) » des réseaux ruraux des départements du nord-ouest de la France donnent bien souvent des résultats peu cohérents et difficiles à interpréter. Devant les difficultés pour identifier l’origine d’écarts considérables dans les résultats, souvent non reproductibles, obtenus lors de ces campagnes, la section territoriale Ouest – Bretagne, Pays de

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9

Wu, Fu Fei, Ke Bin Shi, Shuang Kuai Dong, and Guo Wei Wang. "Based on Maturity of Concrete Chloride Ion Diffusion Model and Life Prediction." Key Engineering Materials 599 (February 2014): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.599.7.

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As chloride ion diffusion in concrete theoretical model without considering the shortcomings of the concrete maturity,the improved maturity model is used to establish the relationship between the diffusion coefficient of concrete maturity. With the mathematical derivation, getting new chloride ion diffusion theoretically, which considers the maturity of the concrete, the chloride ion binding capacity, the degradation effects of chlorine ion diffusion equation,and consequently broadens the scope of the fick's second law of diffusion, besides, its form and solution completely consistent with the

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10

Yuan, Yezhen, Kaimin Niu, Bo Tian, Lijuan Kong, and Lihui Li. "Effect of Metakaolin on the Diffusion Properties of Chloride Ions in Cement Mortar under the Coupling Effect of Multiple Factors in Marine Environment." Advances in Civil Engineering 2023 (May 25, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6961234.

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To address the problem of chloride ion transport in cement concrete in marine environment, this study investigates the effect of metakaolin dosage on the chloride ion diffusion resistance of mortar and its mechanism by testing the chloride ion binding capacity and microstructure of mortar under the coupling effect of chlorine salt-sulfate-carbonation multiple factors. The results show that the coupling of sulfate or carbonation reduces chloride ion transport to some extent compared with single chlorine salt attack, while the three-factor coupled environment promotes free chloride ion diffusion

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11

Zhao, Q. L., and Y. Z. Zhang. "Concentration Distribution of Chloride Ion under the Influence of the Convection-Diffusion Coupling." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2076986.

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The transfer process of chloride ion under the action of the convection-diffusion coupling was analyzed in order to predict the corrosion of reinforcement and the durability of structure more accurately. Considering the time-varying properties of diffusion coefficient and the space-time effect of the convection velocity, the differential equation for chloride ion transfer under the action of the convection-diffusion coupling was constructed. And then the chloride ion transfer model was validated by the existing experimental datum and the actual project datum. The results showed that when only

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12

Borziak, O., V. Zhuravel, and M. Hudymenko. "The influence of chloride ion diffusion on the structure of cement composites containing carbonate additives." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1376, no. 1 (2024): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012023.

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Abstract One way to reduce the diffusion of chlorides deep into concrete is to bind chlorine ions into stable hydration products. It is known that systems containing carbonates have an increased binding capacity towards chlorides. The goal of this work is to study the effect of carbonate additives on the depth of diffusion of chlorine ions in cement composites (mortars). As controls, samples of mortar were made using cement CEM I 42.5 R as binder. In the main samples, 15% of cement was replaced by carbonates - chalk and limestone. The strength characteristics of mortar samples kept in water an

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13

Da Silva, Marly Terezinha Quadri Simões, and Wellington Mazer. "Diffusion coefficient and tortuosity: Brownian Motion." CONTRIBUCIONES A LAS CIENCIAS SOCIALES 16, no. 9 (2023): 18281–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/revconv.16n.9-264.

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The objective of this research is to determine the chloride ion diffusion through Brownian motion using images. The research also aims at the search for diffusional physical tortuosity due to Brownian motion to understand the transport flow of the chloride ion. Through micro-CT scanned images of concrete samples, a 3D reconstruction is performed for the representative element and define its microscopic properties. The implementation of the Brownian motion of the chloride ion particles in the porous network of the representative element considered the initial diffusion coefficient defined by th

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14

Rokon, Rokonuzzaman, Md Shafiqul Islam, and Nusrat E. Mursalin. "Effect of w/c ratio and cement content on diffusivity of chloride ion in concrete: A molecular dynamics study." Challenge Journal of Concrete Research Letters 10, no. 4 (2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjcrl.2019.04.002.

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When a reinforced structure is exposed to marine environments, chloride-induced corrosion occurs and it decreases the durability and performance of the structure. The degree of humidity, the presence of cracks, environmental conditions, w/c ratio, and cement content are the influencing factors for chloride ion ingress into concrete. All of them, w/c ratio and cement content are treated as the most crucial factors on diffusion. This paper focus on Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation method to determine the diffusion coefficient of chloride ion in concrete. The effect of w/c ratio and cement cont

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15

Leaist, Derek G. "The effects of aggregation, counterion binding, and added NaCl on diffusion of aqueous methylene blue." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 66, no. 9 (1988): 2452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v88-386.

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A simplified version of the Hamed conductimetric technique is used to measure binary diffusion of the self-associating dye methylene blue chloride in water at 25 °C. As the dye concentration is increased from 0.0006 to 0.02 mol dm−3, aggregation of the dye monomers and binding of the chloride counterions cause the dye's binary diffusion coefficient to drop from 0.83 × 10−9 to 0.63 × 10−9 m2 s−1. Ternary diffusion coefficients for aqueous methylene blue chloride +NaCl solutions are also reported. These results show that small amounts of added NaCl (0.005 or 0.01 mol dm−3) sharply reduce the dif

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16

Zhuravel, Vitalii, Teresa Rucińska, and Olga Borziak. "Investigation of the Diffusion of Chloride Ions in Blended Cement Pastes." ce/papers 6, no. 6 (2023): 1265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2970.

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AbstractWhen exposed to aggressive environments containing chlorides, the chlorine ion partially binds to the usual Portland cement mortar and changes its mineralogy. Chlorine ions entering the system displace sulfate from the monosulfoaluminate. Such systems form Kusel's salt at low chloride concentrations and Friedel's salt at higher concentrations. Unbound chloride ions remain dangerous for reinforcing steel, which diffuse deep into the concrete and destroy the passivating layer on the reinforcement. To assess the protective properties of concrete in relation to metal reinforcement, it is p

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17

Fiducia, Thomas A. M., Kexue Li, Amit H. Munshi, et al. "3D Distributions of Chlorine and Sulphur Impurities in a Thin-Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cell." MRS Advances 3, no. 56 (2018): 3287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.449.

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ABSTRACTA cadmium chloride activation treatment is essential for the production of high efficiency cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells. However, the effects of the treatment on the distributions of chlorine and sulphur within the device are not fully understood. Here, the detailed locations of chlorine and sulphur in a treated CdTe cell are determined in three dimensions by high resolution dynamic SIMS measurements. Chlorine is found to be present in grain boundaries, grain interiors, extended defects within the grain interiors, at the front interface, and in the cadmium sulphide layer. In ea

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18

Polishchuk, Alexandre Ya, Guennadii E. Zaikov, Lidia A. Zimina, Victor MM Lobo, and Artur J. M. Valente. "New Method of Measurement of Thermodynamic Diffusion Coefficients of Electrolytes in Polymers." Engineering Plastics 2, no. 4 (1994): 147823919400200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147823919400200405.

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A new application of the open-ended conductimetric capillary cell for measuring thermodynamic diffusion coefficients of electrolytes in polymers of different hydrophilic character is presented. Diffusion coefficients of potassium chloride in hydrophilic (PVA) and hydrophobic (POxB) polymers have been measured and prove the applicability of the cell to measure diffusion coefficients in polymer-solvent-electrolyte systems. The theoretical basis of the method is the formulation of diffusion equations in terms of the chemical potential gradient of the diffusing species, and the validity of this ap

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19

Polishchuk, Alexandre Ya, Guennadii E. Zaikov, Lidia A. Zimina, Victor MM Lobo, and Artur J. M. Valente. "New Method of Measurement of Thermodynamic Diffusion Coefficients of Electrolytes in Polymers." Polymers and Polymer Composites 2, no. 4 (1994): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739119400200405.

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A new application of the open-ended conductimetric capillary cell for measuring thermodynamic diffusion coefficients of electrolytes in polymers of different hydrophilic character is presented. Diffusion coefficients of potassium chloride in hydrophilic (PVA) and hydrophobic (POxB) polymers have been measured and prove the applicability of the cell to measure diffusion coefficients in polymer-solvent-electrolyte systems. The theoretical basis of the method is the formulation of diffusion equations in terms of the chemical potential gradient of the diffusing species, and the validity of this ap

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20

A., Bhattacharyya, K. Mitra M., C. Das G., and Mukherjee S. "Chlorination kinetics of copper oxide and cobalt oxide with amn1onium chloride." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 79, Oct 2002 (2002): 807–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5847713.

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School of Material Science and Technology, <em><sup>!'</sup></em>Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, India <em>E-mail : </em>ab0205 @rediffmail.com          <em>Fax : </em>91-033-4137121 <em>Manuscript received 22 August 2001. revised 19 December 2001, accepted 25 April 2002</em> The kinetics of chlorination of CoO and CuO were studied using thermogravimetric technique. The kinetic results were analyzed by a suitable computer solftware involving various kinetic laws of gas-solid reaction to find the mechanism and acti

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21

Vidyasagar, Devthade, Yong-Han Yun, Seunghak Shin, et al. "In-Situ Nano-Auger Probe of Chloride-Ions during CH3NH3PbI3−xClx Perovskite Formation." Materials 14, no. 5 (2021): 1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051102.

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Organo-halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as next-generation photovoltaics, owing to their high power-conversion efficiency (PCE), lower production cost, and high flexibility. ABX3-structured methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3 or MAPbI3) perovskite is a widely studied light-absorbing material in PSCs. Interestingly, a small amount of chlorine incorporation into MAPbI3 increases charge carrier diffusion lengths (from 129 nm to 1069 nm), which enables planar structured PSCs with high PCEs. However, existence of chloride ions in the final perovskite film is still under debat

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22

Zeng, Kelin, Wenjin Sun, Lizhou Sun, and Longlong Liu. "Experimental Study on the Effect of Corrosion-inhibiting Admixtures on Chloride Corrosion Resistance of Concrete." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2736, no. 1 (2024): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2736/1/012042.

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Abstract Compared to the different types of rust inhibitors, The effects of the internal and external coating corrosion inhibitors on the corrosion resistance of concrete were studied. The impact of the mixed rust inhibitor on the working performance, compressive strength and chloride ion permeability coefficient of concrete was investigated. The results show that the working performance, late mechanical properties, and resistance to chlorine salt erosion of concrete are better than those of reference concrete after adding the anti-rust agent. Comparing the effects of 2% and 4% internal rust i

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23

Park, JangHyun, JinHo Park, and MyeongGyu Jung. "Variation in Service Life on RC Structure According to Concrete Binder Type." Materials 13, no. 23 (2020): 5430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235430.

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When an additive is used to replace a certain amount of cement, a concrete pore structure becomes dense. Thus, it results in inhibiting the penetration of chlorine ions and suppressing corrosion of reinforcing bars. However, the pH level of the concrete decreases, and it deteriorates the performance of the passive film formed on the surface of the rebars embedded in the concrete. Therefore, in this study, the service lives of reinforced concrete containing different types of concrete binders were predicted and compared. The chloride ion diffusion coefficients of concretes with various binders

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24

Zhang, Jun Zhi, Hua Ting Liu, Zhao Qi Fu, Liang Ying Wang, and Sheng Bing Zhou. "Erosion-Resisting Properties for Chloride Ion of Short-Chopped Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 217-218 (March 2011): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.217-218.66.

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According to a test for chloride ion erosion in concrete under designed manual climate environment, distributions of chlorine ion concentration in pure bending concrete of short-chopped basalt fiber RC beam and check RC beam without fiber with different flexural loads are analyzed in this paper, and diffusion coefficients of compression and tensile concrete are fitted on the basis of Fick’s second law. Analysis results show that erosion-resisting properties for chloride ion of the basalt fiber compression and tensile concrete in the pure flexural region are increased

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25

Liu, Huanqiang, and Linhua Jiang. "Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure and Cationic Type on the Diffusion Behavior of Chloride in Concrete." Materials 14, no. 11 (2021): 2851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14112851.

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The durability of the concrete in underground and marine engineering is affected by the underground and ocean environment. Chloride diffusion coefficient under hydrostatic pressure is a key parameter of concrete durability design under corresponding conditions. Therefore, this paper studies the diffusion behavior of chloride in different diffusion source solutions by experiment and simulation. Based on the experimental results, this paper proposes a new chloride diffusion model under the coupling effect of diffusion and convection. The interaction of ions and compounds in the diffusion source

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26

Xue, Guanming, Zhiguo Wang, Enlei Wang, et al. "Enhanced Hot Salt-Water Corrosion Resistance of NiCoCrAlY-AlSiY Coating by Ion-Beam-Assisted Deposition." Coatings 11, no. 9 (2021): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11091062.

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A promising ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) method was developed to improve the salt-water corrosion resistance of NiCoCrAlY-AlSiY coating. During hot salt-water exposure, hydrochloric acid (HCl) was produced when chloride salt, water, and metal oxide reacted with each other, while HCl was also produced when chlorine reacted with water. The as-deposited AlSiY layer exhibited a loose texture accompanied by numerous pore defects, which triggered the multi-scale diffusion of HCl, resulting in the large-area corrosion degradation of the coating texture and the rapid diffusion of the NiCoCrAlY

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27

Xu, Zhiyuan, and Guang Ye. "Understanding Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Cementitious Materials." Materials 16, no. 9 (2023): 3464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16093464.

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One of the key problems that affect the durability of reinforced concrete structures is the corrosion of rebar induced by chloride. Despite the complicated transport mechanism of chloride ions in cementitious materials, diffusion is still the key mechanism of chloride ingress. The determination of the chloride diffusion coefficient will help to predict the chloride profile inside the cementitious materials and estimate the service life with regard to chloride-induced corrosion. However, this paper shows that the chloride diffusion coefficient in the literature is sometimes misunderstood. Such

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28

Huang, Ying, Jun Wei, Rong Zhen Dong, and Hui Huang Yan. "Numerical Stimulation Method of Chloride Concentration in the Concrete Structure Exposed to Chloride Aggressive Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 466–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.466.

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In this paper, based on the similarity between chloride diffusion equation in concrete and heat conduction equation the thermal analysis module of the ANSYS finite element software was used to carry out the numerical simulation for chloride ion diffusion process in concrete. And the numerical results were compared with the analytical solutions of chloride diffusion equation, which showed that the method is effective for the chloride diffusion analysis. Time-dependence of chloride diffusion coefficient in concrete was considered by amending the chloride diffusion coefficient with various parame

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Chen, Ruige, Xiaoli Wei, Fawang Liu, and Vo V. Anh. "Multi-term time fractional diffusion equations and novel parameter estimation techniques for chloride ions sub-diffusion in reinforced concrete." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2172 (2020): 20190538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0538.

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In this paper, searching for a better chloride ions sub-diffusion system, a multi-term time-fractional derivative diffusion model is proposed for the description of the time-dependent chloride ions penetration in reinforced concrete structures exposed to chloride environments. We prove the stability and convergence of the model. We use the modified grid approximation method (MGAM) to estimate the fractional orders and chloride ions diffusion coefficients in the reinforced concrete for the multi-term time fractional diffusion system. And then to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the propose

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Wang, Xiao Yong, Han Seung Lee, and Hai Moon Jung. "Analysis of Chloride Penetration into the Corner Zone of Concrete Structure Member." Key Engineering Materials 348-349 (September 2007): 397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.348-349.397.

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Chloride penetration into concrete is the main cause of steel corrosion in concrete structures exposed to chloride-rich environments. In general, conditions on the diffusion process are dominant among various penetration mechanisms, such as ionic diffusion, capillary sorption, and so on. In recent analysis of current literature, chloride diffusion is as a simplified one-dimensional diffusion process. However, for the rebar in the corner zone of concrete beam, the diffusion belongs to a two-dimensional diffusion. Based on a galerkin finite element method, a two-dimensional diffusion differentia

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Wang, Qiannan, Wei Sun, Liping Guo, Chunping Gu, and Jinyu Zong. "Modeling Chloride Diffusion Coefficient of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete under Bending Load." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3789214.

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The chloride diffusion coefficient is the most important parameter when predicting chloride ingress in concrete. This paper proposed a model for calculating the chloride diffusion coefficient of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). Considering the concrete structures in service are usually subjected to external loads, the effect of bending load was discussed and expressed with a stress factor ks in the model. The chloride diffusion coefficient of cement paste was calculated with capillary porosity and then used to predict the chloride diffusion coefficient of SFRC. Some factors in the model

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Moreira, Ramón, Francisco Chenlo, N. Vallejo, and Lionel Gerbet. "Mass Transfer Analysis during Osmotic Dehydration of Eggplant Using Binary Solutions of Sucrose and Sodium Chloride." Defect and Diffusion Forum 273-276 (February 2008): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.273-276.413.

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Osmotic dehydration of eggplant slices in sucrose and sodium chloride solutions at different solution concentrations, stirring levels and time of process is studied. Water loss and solids gain kinetics were experimentally determined and modelled using a diffusional model and equilibrium values were predicted by means of Azuara model. Modelling was satisfactory and involved effective coefficients of diffusion useful to quantify the different mass transfer fluxes.

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Yu, Bo, Zhong Hui Huang, Ming Wu, Hui Liang Sun, Lu Feng Yang, and Bin Hong. "Concentration Distribution of Chloride Ion in Cracked Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1581.

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Cracks provide diffusion path for chloride ions transport from the external environment into the concrete, resulting in the durability degradation of concrete structures. In this paper, the boundary condition of cracked concrete and chloride diffusion coefficient in crack were analyzed. The time-dependent chloride diffusion model was established based on the time-dependent chloride diffusion coefficient and the Ficks second law of diffusion. The influence of crack on the concentration distribution of chloride ion in cracked concrete was quantificationally investigated.

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Shabliy, Tetyana, Olena Ivanenko, Sergii Plashykhin, Nonna Pavliuk, Artem Safiants, and Dmytro Sidorov. "New Approaches to Comprehensive Electrochemical Processing of Sulfate-Chloride High-Mineralized Wastewater Treatment Residues." Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment 16, no. 3 (2023): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acee-2023-0044.

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Abstract The results of electrochemical processing of spent acidic, neutral, and alkaline sulfate-chloride-containing regenerative solutions in two- and three-chamber electrolyzers are presented. It has been determined that the highest current efficiency for the products of electrodialysis can be achieved in the presence of hardness ions when processing acidic sulfate-containing solutions using three-chamber electrolyzers. It has been established that during electrodialysis of alkaline solutions after regeneration of anionites containing chloride ions, accumulation of alkali occurs in the cath

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Mayor, Luis, Ramón Moreira, Francisco Chenlo, and Alberto M. Sereno. "Mass Transfer Analysis during Osmotic Dehydration of Pumpkin Fruits Using Binary and Ternary Aqueous Solutions of Sucrose and Sodium Chloride." Defect and Diffusion Forum 258-260 (October 2006): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.258-260.213.

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Osmotic dehydration experiments of pumpkin with binary aqueous solutions of sucrose, sodium chloride and ternary solutions with both solutes at 298 K were carried out. Weight reduction, water loss and solute acquisition kinetics were determined. Experimental data were fitted employing a diffusional model considering samples as spheres and the external resistance to the mass transfer negligible. The model gave as parameter of fitting an effective diffusion coefficient for each component transferred (water, sucrose and sodium chloride) for each experimental condition assayed. Correlations betwee

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Zhu, Jin Song, and Li Kun He. "Cellular Automata-Based Chloride Ion Diffusion Modelling of Concrete Bridge under Multifactor Coupling Action." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 1407–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.1407.

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In order to accurately simulate the diffusion of chloride ion in the existing concrete bridge and acquire the precise concentration of chloride ion at any time, a Cellular Automata(CA)-based model is proposed. Firstly, the process of chloride ion diffusion is analyzed by the CA method and a nonlinear solution to the Fick’s second law is obtained. Secondly, considering the impact of various factors such as stress states, temporal and spatial variability of diffusion parameters and water-cement ratio on the process of chloride ion diffusion, the model of chloride ion diffusion under multifactor

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Cheng, Xiaokang, Jianxin Peng, C. S. Cai, and Jianren Zhang. "Experimental Study on Chloride Ion Diffusion in Concrete under Uniaxial and Biaxial Sustained Stress." Materials 13, no. 24 (2020): 5717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245717.

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The existence of axial and lateral compressive stress affect the diffusion of chloride ions in concrete will lead to the performance degradation of concrete structure. This paper experimentally studied the chloride diffusivity properties of uniaxial and biaxial sustained compressive stress under one-dimensional chloride solution erosion. The influence of different sustained compressive stress states on chloride ion diffusivity is evaluated by testing chloride concentration in concrete. The experiment results show that the existence of sustained compressive stress does not always inhibit the di

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Chen, Zheng, Xi Bin Zhao, Yan Hua Yuan, Zhong Hua Wang, Lu Feng Yang, and Qiong Ming Jiang. "On the Time Dependency of the Chloride Diffusion in High Performance Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 721 (July 2013): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.148.

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The chloride diffusion coefficient of concrete is time dependent. The high performance concrete (HPC) was prepared and the specimens were tested by ASTM C1202 and the durability of HPC in long period is analyzed with the time dependency of diffusion in this paper. The results show that the chloride diffusion coefficients of the HPC with only fly ash are large than those of the HPC with multi-admixtures, but the attenuation of the chloride diffusion coefficients of the formers are faster than the latters. The analysis results show that the chloride concentrations in concrete is over estimated w

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Rawat, Garima, Sumit Gandhi, and Yogesh Iyer Murthy. "Influence of nano-TiO₂ on the chloride diffusivity of concrete." Emerging Materials Research 11, no. 4 (2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.22.00056.

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In this research, the benefit of nano-TiO2 concrete over pure concrete in resisting the impacts of chloride diffusion was investigated. An increasing accelerative effect the chloride diffusion was experimentally discovered, which coincided with the movement in the exposed concrete surface caused by diffusion and the damage in concrete microstructure caused by chloride salt accumulation. The “time lag” and “equivalent time” between diffusion and migration tests were used to calculate the steady and non-steady-state chloride diffusion coefficients. Concrete containing 2% nano-TiO2 in the weight

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Zhang, Qing Zhang, Xiang Lin Gu, Wei Ping Zhang, and Qing Hua Huang. "Study on Effect of Soaking Time on the Transmission of Chloride Ion in Concrete under Drying-Wetting Cycles." Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (May 2011): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.61.

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Acceleration penetration tests of chloride ion were conducted for typical diurnal and semidiurnal tidal types in China with consideration of various values of soaking time. It was found that the content of chloride ion from shallow area near the surface of concrete to the pure diffusion area of concrete reduced more significantly with the depth than that in the pure diffusion area of concrete. Based on Fick’s second law, the variation laws of chloride ion content at the edge of the pure diffusion area and chloride ion diffusion coefficient in the pure diffusion area under different soaking tim

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Yao, Ling, Lixia Ren, Guoli Gong, and Jianqiang Zhang. "Simulation of Chloride Diffusion in Concrete Based on a New Mesoscopic Numerical Method." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (August 18, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5318106.

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Chloride diffusion-induced corrosion is a major factor that affects the durability of concrete structures. Thus, the study of chloride diffusion in concrete is important. In this study, a mesoscopic structure model is proposed and used to investigate chloride diffusion in concrete. The concrete is assumed to be a heterogeneous material composed of two phases of aggregate and mortar matrix. The aggregates are randomly distributed convex polygons. The chloride diffusion is assumed to occur only in the mortar matrix phase. The modified chloride diffusion coefficient in the mesoscale model is prop

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Liu, Jing, Xuandong Chen, Hua Rong, Aiping Yu, Yang Ming, and Ke Li. "Effect of Interface Transition Zone and Coarse Aggregate on Microscopic Diffusion Behavior of Chloride Ion." Materials 15, no. 12 (2022): 4171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15124171.

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Concrete is a multiphase composite material composed of coarse aggregate, cement mortar, and interface transition zone (ITZ). It is of great significance to study the effect of ITZ and coarse aggregate on chloride microscopic diffusion behavior for predicting the service life of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. By introducing the random distribution function, a random coarse aggregate model considering the randomness of the thickness of the ITZ was established. Furthermore, a two-dimensional (2D) chloride ion diffusion mesoscopic model was developed by specifying different diffusion proper

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Matseevich, Tatyana A., and Ilya F. Andreev. "The finite element model of chloride diffusion in pre-stressed corroded reinforcement bars of reinforced concrete structures." Vestnik MGSU, no. 11 (November 2022): 1462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2022.11.1462-1470.

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Introduction. The general corrosion model, made for reinforced concrete structures, must include the initiation of environmental influences such as carbonation, cracking and chloride ion penetration. It depends on the rate and degree of corrosion, corrosive effects in reduced areas, as well as the lower strength of bond between pre-stressed and unstressed reinforcement bars and concrete. The majority of earlier studies were focused on one-dimensional diffusion problems with an assumed constant corrosion rate.  Materials and methods. In the aftermath of general corrosion, localized

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Ma, Junjun, and Pengzhen Lin. "Simulation Approach for Random Diffusion of Chloride in Concrete under Sustained Load with Cellular Automata." Materials 15, no. 13 (2022): 4384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15134384.

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Steel bar corrosion caused by chloride is the major reason for concrete structure durability failures in a corrosive environment. An accurate simulation of chloride ion diffusion in concrete is hence critical to durability design, maintenance, and reinforcement of concretes in erosive environments. To accurately simulate actual chloride ion diffusion in concretes, an improved three-dimensional neighborhood type is proposed according to the mechanism of chloride ion diffusion in concrete, and a three-dimensional cellular automaton model (3D CA model) for describing the diffusion process of chlo

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Zhu, Yun Dong, Yang Li, and Zhuo Zhao. "Correlation Test between Chloride Diffusion Coefficient and Microcosmic Pore Structure of Mineral Admixture Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.81.

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Cube crushing strength, resistance to chloride penetration and gas adsorption analysis of mineral admixture concrete are tested to analyze the effect of raw material on chloride diffusion coefficient and its regression relationship with concrete microcosmic pore structure index. Test results show that chloride diffusion coefficient at different age increased with the increase of water-binding material ratio, decreased with the increase of cement dosage and both appeared a good nonlinear regression relationship. Chloride diffusion coefficient at different age increased with the increase of conc

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Khan, Muhammad Umar, Shamsad Ahmad, and Husain Jubran Al-Gahtani. "Chloride-Induced Corrosion of Steel in Concrete: An Overview on Chloride Diffusion and Prediction of Corrosion Initiation Time." International Journal of Corrosion 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5819202.

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Initiation of corrosion of steel in reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to chloride exposures mainly depends on coefficient of chloride diffusion, Dc, of concrete. Therefore, Dc is one of the key parameters needed for prediction of initiation of reinforcement corrosion. Fick’s second law of diffusion has been used for long time to derive the models for chloride diffusion in concrete. However, such models do not include the effects of various significant factors such as chloride binding by the cement, multidirectional ingress of chloride, and variation of Dc with time due to change in

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WANG, Jian, Pui-Lam NG, Weishan WANG, Jinsheng DU, and Jianyong SONG. "MODELLING CHLORIDE DIFFUSION IN CONCRETE WITH INFLUENCE OF CONCRETE STRESS STATE." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 23, no. 7 (2017): 955–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2017.1343203.

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Under coastal or marine conditions, chloride erosion is the major accelerating factor of reinforcement corrosion. Therefore, it is of vital importance to investigate the chloride diffusion model. Research reveals that the concrete stress state has great influence on chloride diffusion; therefore a stress influence coefficient was incorporated in chloride diffusion coefficient model by many researchers. By referring to the experimental data from eight different researchers, the law between stress influence coefficient and concrete stress ratio is studied in detail, and equations relating the st

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Yang, Qianfan, Yuching Wu, Peng Zhi, and Peng Zhu. "Effect of Micro-Cracks on Chloride Ion Diffusion in Concrete Based on Stochastic Aggregate Approach." Buildings 14, no. 5 (2024): 1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14051353.

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For concrete structures in offshore areas, chloride ion erosion is one of the main factors affecting durability. It is crucial to evaluate the chloride ion permeability resistance of concrete structures. In this paper, a finite element simulation of the chloride ion diffusion process in concrete is conducted. A mass diffusion finite element model based on a random aggregate approach is established to investigate the influences of an aggregate, the interface transition zone, and micro-cracks on the chloride ion diffusion coefficients in concrete. The results show that the mass diffusion finite

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Balcone-Boissard, Hélène, Don R. Baker, Benoit Villemant, Jean Cauzid, Georges Boudon, and E. Deloule. "Br diffusion in phonolitic melts: Comparison with fluorine and chlorine diffusion." American Mineralogist 105, no. 11 (2020): 1639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2020-7372.

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Abstract Bromine diffusion was measured in two natural phonolitic melts: (1) a K2O-rich (~10 wt%) one synthesized from the white pumice phase of the 79 AD eruption of Vesuvius (Italy), and (2) a Na2O-rich (~10 wt%) one corresponding to the most differentiated melt of the 12 000 BC eruption of the Laacher See (Germany). Experiments were performed at 0.5 and 1.0 GPa, 1250 to 1450 °C, at anhydrous and hydrous (2.65 ± 0.35 wt% of dissolved water) conditions. Experiments conducted with the diffusion-couple technique in the piston cylinder were performed with only bromine diffusing and with the simu

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Chen, Jianlan, Jiandong Wang, Rui He, Huaizhu Shu, and Chuanqing Fu. "Experimental Study on Effective Chloride Diffusion Coefficient of Cement Mortar by Different Electrical Accelerated Measurements." Crystals 11, no. 3 (2021): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030240.

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This study investigated the effective chloride diffusion coefficient of cement mortar with different water-to-cement ratio (w/c) under electrical accelerated migration measurement. The cumulative chloride concentration in anode cell solution and the cumulative chloride concentration drop in the cathode cell solution was measured by RCT measurement and the results were further used to calculate the chloride diffusion coefficient by Nordtest Build 355 method and Truc method. The influence of w/c on cement mortar’s chloride coefficient was investigated and the chloride diffusion coefficient under

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