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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Diffusion. Mass transfer. Mixtures

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Academic literature on the topic 'Diffusion. Mass transfer. Mixtures'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Diffusion. Mass transfer. Mixtures"

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Tuchlenski, Axel, Oliver Schramm, and Andreas Seidel-Morgenstern. "Steady-State and Dynamic Mass Transfer of Gases in Porous Materials." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 62, no. 7 (1997): 1043–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19971043.

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The diffusion of binary gas mixtures through a porous asymmetric tubular membrane has been studied experimentally. A modified Wicke-Kallenbach diffusion cell consisting of two gas compartments separated by the membrane was used. Steady-state experiments with pure gases and binary mixtures were carried out in order to determine the transport parameters of the membrane with respect to the dusty gas model. To verify these parameters, the dynamic transport of binary mixtures was examined applying the dynamic diffusion cell technique proposed by Novak et al. The measured transients were in relative good agreement with the model predictions.

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D'yakonov, S. G., D. V. Proshchekal'nikov, G. S. D'yakonov, and R. A. Ibragimov. "Diffusional mass transfer in liquid mixtures." Journal of Engineering Physics 59, no. 6 (December 1990): 1611–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00870425.

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Meruyert, Beketayeva. "Numerical Calculation of the Diffusion Process in Multicomponent Hydrocarbon Gas Mixtures." International Journal of Mechanics 15 (May 25, 2021): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9104.2021.15.7.

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Knowledge of the laws of diffusion is necessary in the description, design and calculation of the mass transfer process in the production, operation and transportation of gaseous fuels. In this article, the calculation of diffusion processes for five natural hydrocarbon gas mixtures into the air was carried out. The effective diffusion coefficients and matrix coefficients of multicomponent diffusion were determined. Also the advantages of using effective coefficients in the description of mass transfer were shown.

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Badr, O. A., and G. A. Karim. "Examination of the Formation of Combustible Mixtures by Diffusional Mass Transfer." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 111, no. 3 (September 1, 1989): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3231423.

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The approximate prediction of the concentration profiles following the release of a fuel into air, typically within a confined space at constant pressure and temperature is presented using generalized charts based on the one-dimensional diffusion equation and an effective eddy diffusivity. It is suggested that such generalized plots can be employed to establish the size and changes with time of the associated flammable zones, including when convective diffusion may be involved. Examples for some typical common fuels are presented.

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Kossov, V. N., O. V. Fedorenko, V. Mukamedenkyzy, and A. Kalimov. "Special modes of diffusion mass transfer in isothermal triple gas mixtures." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1565 (June 2020): 012061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1565/1/012061.

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Duursma, Gail, Khellil Sefiane, and Joy Clarke. "Diffusion-Evaporation Studies of Binary Mixtures in Capillary Tubes." Defect and Diffusion Forum 273-276 (February 2008): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.273-276.577.

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Evaporation in restricted domains, e.g. in capillaries, is of industrial importance but is poorly understood. Where the evaporating liquid is a binary mixture, preferential evaporation of the more volatile component occurs initially and the evaporation rate is not constant, indeed it appears to occur in stages. Experiments of evaporation from the entrance of a capillary were performed for various binary mixtures of acetone and water and for pure liquids for comparison. Measurements of mass were taken over time for a range of capillary diameters from 0.6 mm to 2 mm. For simplicity, the experiments were performed with the meniscus “stationary” at the entrance of the tube, rather than allowing the meniscus to recede. The data were analysed and showed that, for the binary mixtures, the evaporation process had two distinct stages for the mixtures. The second stage always had a lower slope than the first, indicating a slower evaporation (similar multistage evaporation processes have been observed for sessile drops of binary mixtures). There are many phenomena at work in this process: surface evaporation; diffusion (or natural convective mass transfer) in the air beyond the capillary; diffusion in the binary mixture; circulation in the liquid; thermal effects of evaporative cooling. These are investigated, comparisons made and further studies are proposed.

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Tzan, Ying Liang, and Yu Min Yang. "Experimental Study of Surfactant Effects on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer." Journal of Heat Transfer 112, no. 1 (February 1, 1990): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910346.

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In the first part of this work, nucleate boiling of aqueous solutions of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) over relatively wide ranges of concentration and heat flux was carried out in a pool boiling apparatus. The experimental results show that a small amount of surface active additive makes the nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient h considerably higher, and that there is an optimum additive concentration for higher heat fluxes. Beyond this optimum point, further increase in additive concentration makes h lower. In the second part of this work, nucleate boiling heat transfer rate for n-propanol-water binary mixtures with various amounts of sodium lauryl sulfate were measured in the same pool boiling apparatus. The importance of the mass diffusion effect, which is caused by preferential evaporation of the more volatile component at the vapor-liquid interface on the boiling of the binary mixture, has been confirmed. However, it is shown that the effect exerted by the addition of a surfactant dominates over the mass diffusion effect in dilute binary mixtures.

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Kandlikar, S. G. "Boiling Heat Transfer With Binary Mixtures: Part I—A Theoretical Model for Pool Boiling." Journal of Heat Transfer 120, no. 2 (May 1, 1998): 380–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2824260.

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Experimental evidence available in the literature indicates that the pool boiling heat transfer with binary mixtures is lower than the respective mole- or mass-fraction-averaged value. Although a few investigators have presented analytical work to model this phenomenon, empirical methods and correlations are used extensively. In the present work, a theoretical analysis is presented to estimate the mixture effects on heat transfer. The ideal heat transfer coefficient used currently in the literature to represent the pool boiling heat transfer in the absence of mass diffusion effects is based on empirical considerations, and has no theoretical basis. In the present work, a new pseudo-single component heat transfer coefficient is introduced to account for the mixture property effects more accurately. The liquid composition and the interface temperature at the interface of a growing bubble are predicted analytically and their effect on the heat transfer is estimated. The present model is compared with the theoretical model of Calus and Leonidopoulos (1974), and two empirical models, Calus and Rice (1972) and Fujita et al. (1996). The present model is able to predict the heat transfer coefficients and their trends in azeotrope forming mixtures (benzene/methanol, R-23/R-13 and R-22/R-12) as well as mixtures with widely varying boiling points (water/ethylene glycol and methanol/water).

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Mahmoud, Issa, Kenji Ishida, and Masanori Monde. "Analysis of ammonia vapor absorption into ammonia water mixtures: mass diffusion flux." Heat and Mass Transfer 41, no. 10 (June 8, 2005): 875–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00231-004-0583-8.

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Kern, Ju¨rgen, and Peter Stephan. "Investigation of Decisive Mixture Effects in Nucleate Boiling of Binary Mixtures Using a Theoretical Model." Journal of Heat Transfer 125, no. 6 (November 19, 2003): 1116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1622716.

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In the present paper an attempt is made to clarify the influence of mixture effects upon heat transfer in nucleate boiling of binary mixtures. The studies are based on a theoretical model that is briefly summarized. Evaluating heat and mass transfer around a single vapor bubble emphasizes a strong influence of the so-called micro region where the liquid-vapor phase interface approaches the wall. Due to the preferential evaporation of one component of the mixture, strong concentration gradients occur in the micro region. These microscale composition effects cause diffusive mass transfer, Marangoni convection, and a variation of the liquid-vapor phase equilibrium as well as a variation of the thermophysical properties. From a macroscopic point of view the bubble site density and the departure diameter vary with the composition of the liquid. By means of parameter studies decisive mixture effects are identified and their relevance in the nucleate boiling process is stated. The heat transfer coefficient crucially depends on the bubble site density and departure diameter. For increasing bubble site density, the influence of microscopic concentration gradients increases. But only the variation of liquid-vapor phase equilibrium becomes important, while diffusive mass transfer and Marangoni convection can be neglected.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diffusion. Mass transfer. Mixtures"

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Binder, Thomas, Christian Chmelik, Jörg Kärger, and Douglas M. Ruthven. "Mass-transfer of binary mixtures in DDR single crystals." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-182920.

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Binder, Thomas, Christian Chmelik, Jörg Kärger, and Douglas M. Ruthven. "Mass-transfer of binary mixtures in DDR single crystals." Diffusion fundamentals 20 (2013) 44, S. 1-2, 2013. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13614.

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Gamero, Rafael. "Mass transfer during isothermal drying of a porous solid containing multicomponent liquid mixtures." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Chemical Engineering and Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1748.

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Mass transfer in a porous solid, partially saturated with asingle solvent and multicomponent liquid mixtures, has beenexperimentally and theoretically studied. A porous materialcontaining single liquids and mixtures of organic solvents wasisothermally dried. Experiments were performed using a jacketedwind tunnel, through which a humidity andtemperature-controlled air stream flowed. The wetted porousmaterial was placed in a cylindrical vessel, whose top isexposed to the air stream until the material became dried to acertain extent. Drying experiments with the single solventswater, methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol, were performed atdifferent temperatures and transient liquid content profileswere determined. In isothermal drying experiments with liquidmixtures,the transient concentration profiles of thecomponents along the cylindrical sample as well as the totalliquid content were determined. The liquid mixtures examinedwere water-methanolethanol and isopropanol-methanol-ethanol.Two different temperatures and initial compositions were usedin the experiments. Mathematical models that describe nonsteadystate isothermal drying of a solid containing single liquidsand multicomponent liquid mixtures were developed. In the solidwetted with a single liquid, capillary movement of the liquidwas the main mechanism responsible for mass transfer. In thesolid containing liquid mixtures, interactive diffusion inliquid phase was superimposed to the capillary movement of theliquid mixture. In addition, interactive diffusion of thevapours in empty pores was considered. The parameters todescribe the retention properties of the solid and thecapillary movement of the liquid were determined by comparingtheoretical and experimental liquid content profiles obtainedduring drying of the solid wetted with single liquids. Tosimulate the transport of the liquid mixtures these parameterswhere weighed according to liquid composition. A fairly goodagreement between theoretical and experimental liquidcomposition profiles was obtained if axial dispersion isincluded in the model when the moisture consists of amixture.

Keywords:Internal mass transfer, capillary flow,multicomponent, diffusion, solvent mixtures

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Chihara, Kazuyuki, Takashi Matsumoto, and Kazunori Hijikata. "Azeotropic adsorption of organic solvent vapor mixture on high silica zeolite, mass transfer dynamics: Azeotropic adsorption of organic solvent vapor mixture on high silicazeolite, mass transfer dynamics." Diffusion fundamentals 3 (2005) 15, S. 1-2, 2005. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14303.

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Chihara, Kazuyuki, Takashi Matsumoto, and Kazunori Hijikata. "Azeotropic adsorption of organic solvent vapor mixture on high silica zeolite, mass transfer dynamics." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-194773.

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Gamero, Rafael. "Transport Coefficients during Drying of Solids containing Multicomponent Mixtures." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Teknisk strömningslära, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-28897.

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This study investigated the transport coefficients involved in mass and heat transfer during the drying of a porous solid partially saturated with multicomponent mixtures. It included the coefficients governing liquid transport through the solid, the matrix of multicomponent diffusion coefficients in the liquid phase, and the effective thermal conductivity. As it is not possible to determine these coefficients by theoretical considerations alone and considerable experimental work is required to determine them in a broad range of process conditions, the principle of this study has been the use of mathematical models complemented with some empirical parameters. These empirical parameters were determined by comparison between measurements in specially designed experiments and the results of mathematical models that describe the process. In addition, the application of the multicomponent diffusion coefficients is described in two cases where liquid diffusion is important: convective evaporation of a multicomponent stationary liquid film and a falling film. To study liquid transport through the solid, isothermal drying experiments were performed to determine the transient composition profiles and total liquid content of sand samples wetted with ternary liquid mixtures with different initial compositions and temperatures. A mathematical model including mass transfer by capillary movement of the liquid and interactive diffusion in both the gas and liquid phases was developed. To simulate the capillary movement of liquid mixtures, parameters experimentally determined for single liquids were weighed according to liquid composition. A fairly good agreement between theoretical and experimental liquid composition profiles was obtained considering that axial dispersion was included in the model. To study the matrix of multicomponent diffusion coefficients in the liquid phase, the redistribution of liquid composition in a partially filled tube exposed to a longitudinal temperature gradient was analysed. Experimental work was carried out using two main ternary mixtures with different initial compositions and temperature gradients. Experimental data were compared with the results of a theoretical model that describes the steady-state liquid composition distribution in a partially filled non-isothermal tube to find the empirical exponent that modifies the matrix of thermodynamic factors. Correlations for the exponents as a function of temperature were determined for each particular multicomponent mixture. The effective thermal conductivity of a porous solid containing multicomponent liquid mixtures was studied by measuring the liquid composition, liquid content and temperature distributions in a cylindrical sample dried by convection from the open upper side and heated by contact with a hot source at the bottom side. Simulations performed at a quasi steady state were compared with experiments to estimate the adjusting geometric parameter of Krischer’s model for effective thermal conductivity, which includes the contribution of the evaporation-diffusion-condensation mechanism. The results revealed that a resistance corresponding to a parallel arrangement between the phases seems to dominate in this case. In the study of the convective drying of a multicomponent stationary liquid film, the equations describing interactive mass transfer were decoupled by a similarity transformation and solved simultaneously with a conduction equation by the method of variable separation. Variations of physical properties along the process trajectory were taken into account by a stepwise application of the solution in time intervals with averaged coefficients from previous time steps. Despite simplifications, the analytical solution gives a good insight into the selectivity of the drying process and is computationally fast. On the other hand, numerical simulations of the convective evaporation of the multicomponent falling liquid film into an inert gas with a co-current flow arrangement of the phases almost always revealed a transition from liquid-phase-controlled conditions to a process in which neither the gas nor the liquid completely controls the evaporation. The results obtained in this work would be useful in implementing models to improve the design, process exploration and optimisation of dryers by incorporating the solid-side effects to describe the drying of liquid mixtures along the whole process.
QC 20110124

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Buès, Michel A. "Quelques aspects du transfert de masse : ecoulement turbulent, modeles de diffusion non newtonienne et structure turbulente, ecoulement rampant, deplacement miscible instable en milieu poreux." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13118.

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I. On considere la diffusion de macromolecules injectees annulairement dans un ecoulement turbulent en conduit cylindrique. On propose deux modeles physiques de transfert de macromolecules. On etablit un modele parietal valable pour les 4 zones de diffusion. Etude de la structure turbulente de la couche limite de diffusion. Ii. On considere le deplacement isotherme de deux fluides miscibles dans un milieu poreux indeformable, homogene et isotrope. Etude par la methode de perturbation de la stabilite des ecoulements ascendant ou descendant. Etude experimentale sur une colonne verticale remplie de billes de verre

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Hannaoui, Rachid. "Simulation par Dynamique Moléculaire des Propriétés de Transport (Masse et Chaleur) de Fluides Confinés." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3010/document.

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Le comportement d’un fluide confiné dans un milieu poreux peu perméable (micro- and méso-pores) a été étudié en ce qui concerne ses propriétés de diffusion de masse, de conductivité thermique et de thermodiffusion. Pour ce faire des simulations de dynamique moléculaire hors équilibre ont été réalisées sur des mélanges binaires modèles placés dans des conditions thermodynamiques diverses, confinés dans des milieux poreux de géométrie lamellaire de différentes natures (lisse ou atomique, plus ou moins adsorbant) en utilisant l’ensemble __//_ et l’ensemble grand canonique. Les résultats ont montré que les effets du milieu poreux sur les propriétés de transport sont d’autant plus marqués que lataille de pore est petite, que l’adsorption est forte et que la température est basse. Les résultats ont permis d’évaluer quantitativement ces effets. Il a aussi été montré que la rugosité des murs a un impact très important sur le coefficient de diffusion de masse et non négligeable sur celui de thermodiffusion
The aim of this work was to study how a fluid confined in a low permeability porous medium (micro- and meso-porous) behaves concerning its properties of mass diffusion, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion. For this purpose, non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on simple binary mixtures placed in various thermodynamic conditions, confined in a porous medium of lamellar geometry of different types (structure-less or atomistic, more or less adsorbent) in __//_ and grand canonical ensembles. The results show that the effects of porous medium on transport properties are more pronounced when the pore size is small, the adsorption is strong and the temperature is low. The results allowed to evaluate these effects quantitatively. In addition, it has been found that the wall roughness has a major impact on the mass diffusion coefficient and a non negligible one on the thermal diffusion coefficient

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Al-Anzi, Hamdan. "Mass transfer characteristics of two-aqueous-phase liquid-liquid mixtures." Thesis, Aston University, 1998. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9604/.

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Mass transfer rates were studied using the falling drop method. Cibacron Blue 3 GA dye was the transferring solute from the salt phase to the PEG phase. Measurements were undertaken for several concentrations of the dye and the phase-forming solutes and with a range of different drop sizes, e.g. 2.8, 3.0 and 3.7 mm. The dye was observed to be present in the salt phase as finely dispersed solids but a model confirmed that the mass transfer process could still be described by an equation based upon the Whitman two-film model. The overall mass transfer coefficient increased with increasing concentration of the dye. The apparent mass transfer coefficient ranged from 1 x 10-5 to 2 x 10 -4 m/s. Further experiments suggested that mass transfer was enhanced at high concentration by several mechanisms. The dye was found to change the equilibrium composition of the two phases, leading to transfer of salt between the drop and continuous phases. It also lowered the interfacial tension (i.e. from 1.43 x 10-4 N/m for 0.01% w/w dye concentration to 1.07 x 10-4 N/m for 0.2% w/w dye concentration) between the two phases, which could have caused interfacial instabilities (Marangoni effects). The largest drops were deformable, which resulted in a significant increase in the mass transfer rate. Drop size distribution and Sauter mean drop diameter were studied on-line in a 1 litre agitated vessel using a laser diffraction technique. The effects of phase concentration, dispersed phase hold-up and impeller speed were investigated for the salt-PEG system. An increase in agitation speed in the range 300 rpm to 1000 rpm caused a decrease in mean drop diameter, e.g. from 50 m to 15 m. A characteristic bimodal drop size distribution was established within a very short time. An increase in agitation rate caused a shift of the larger drop size peak to a smaller size.

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Inzoli, Isabella, Jean Marc Simon, and Signe Kjelstrup. "Surface resistance to heat and mass transfer in a silicalite membrane." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-193396.

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Books on the topic "Diffusion. Mass transfer. Mixtures"

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Wesselingh, J. A. Mass transfer in multicomponent mixtures. Delft: Delft University Press, 2000.

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Wesselingh, J. A. Mass transfer in multicomponent mixtures. Delft: Delft Univ. Press, 2000.

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Wesselingh, J. A. Mass transfer in multicomponent mixtures. Delft, Netherland: Delft University Press, 2000.

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Diffusional mass transfer. Malabar, Fla: R.E. Krieger Pub. Co., 1985.

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Cussler, E. L. Diffusion: Mass transfer in fluid systems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

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Cussler, E. L. Diffusion: Mass transfer in fluid systems. 3rd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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Cussler, E. L. Diffusion: Mass transfer in fluid systems. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

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Cussler, E. L. Diffusion: Mass transfer in fluid systems. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

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Gebhart, Benjamin. Heat conduction and mass diffusion. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.

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Murch, G. E., and Andreas Öchsner. Recent advances in mass transport in materials. Durnten-Zurich: Trans Tech Publications, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Diffusion. Mass transfer. Mixtures"

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Tosun, İsmail. "Foundations of Diffusion in Multicomponent Mixtures." In Fundamental Mass Transfer Concepts in Engineering Applications, 67–108. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22432-3.

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Iguchi, Manabu, and Olusegun J. Ilegbusi. "Diffusion and Mass Transfer." In Basic Transport Phenomena in Materials Engineering, 135–47. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54020-5_8.

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Tosun, İsmail. "Mass Transfer in Multicomponent Mixtures." In Fundamental Mass Transfer Concepts in Engineering Applications, 289–328. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22432-8.

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Baehr, Hans Dieter, and Karl Stephan. "Heat conduction and mass diffusion." In Heat and Mass Transfer, 105–250. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03659-4_2.

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Baehr, Hans Dieter. "Heat conduction and mass diffusion." In Heat and Mass Transfer, 105–251. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29527-5_2.

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Baehr, Hans Dieter, and Karl Stephan. "Heat conduction and mass diffusion." In Heat and Mass Transfer, 107–273. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20021-2_2.

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Nagnibeda, Ekaterina, and Elena Kustova. "One-Temperature Model for Chemically Non-equilibrium Gas Mixtures." In Heat and Mass Transfer, 97–109. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01390-4_5.

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Ghiaasiaan, S. Mostafa. "Diffusion and convective transport of particles." In Convective Heat and Mass Transfer, 493–529. Second edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2018. | Series: Heat transfer: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351112758-14.

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Ruocco, Gianpaolo. "Mass Transfer by Diffusion and Convection." In Introduction to Transport Phenomena Modeling, 201–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66822-2_5.

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Nagnibeda, Ekaterina, and Elena Kustova. "Heat Transfer and Diffusion in a Non-equilibrium Boundary Layer." In Heat and Mass Transfer, 203–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01390-4_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Diffusion. Mass transfer. Mixtures"

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Kosov, V. N., Yu I. Zhavrin, S. T. Kuznetsov, and G. Akylbekova. "Convective instability and diffusion in isothermal gas mixtures." In Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer 6. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium On Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ichmt.2009.turbulheatmasstransf.870.

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Alahmari, Saeed, and Kristian Jessen. "An Experimental Investigation of Mass Transfer in Tight Dual-Porosity Systems." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205885-ms.

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Abstract During gas injection in ultra-tight fractured reservoirs, molecular diffusion can play a dominant role in the mass transfer process and enhance recovery by extracting oil components from matrix and delaying gas breakthrough. There has been a growing interest from scholars and operators to study the effect of diffusive mass transfer on the potential incremental recovery from CO2 and rich gas injection. However, many fundamental questions pertaining to the physics of multicomponent multiphase flow and transport are still left unanswered. This paper aims to improve the understanding of multicomponent diffusive mass transfer between matrix and fracture blocks through experimental and modeling work. Displacement experiments were carried out using analog fluids and mesoporous medium to effectively isolate and study the relevant physical mechanisms at play. The experiments were performed in packed columns utilizing silica-gel particles that have internal porosity. The particle size is 40-70 micron with highly controlled internal pore size of 6 nm that makes up approximately 50% of the overall porosity. The quaternary analog fluids system consists of Water, Methanol, Isopropanol, and Isooctane, was used because it mimics the phase behavior of CO2, Methane, Butane and Dodecane mixtures at 2,280 psi and 100°C. Our selection of the analog fluid system and porous medium allowed us to investigate matrix-fracture fluid exchange as observed during an enhanced recovery operation in an ultra-tight fractured system. The effluents from these displacement experiments served as the basis for our analysis of diffusive mass transfer. The role of molecular diffusion in the displacement experiments was investigated by first performing separate diffusion experiments to obtain diffusion coefficients for all relevant binary mixtures. Infinite dilution diffusion coefficients were measured for all binary mixtures and then used to model binary and multicomponent diffusion coefficients over the whole composition range. The accuracy of this approach was determined by performing additional binary diffusion experiments over a broader range of compositions. The displacement experiments were simulated using an in-house simulator and excellent agreement was obtained: The extensive experimental/modeling work related to the diffusion coefficients of the analog fluid system was used in interpreting the diffusive mass transfer between the matrix (stagnant) and fracture (flowing) domains via a 1D linear model. The presented work provides new insights into the role of diffusive mass transfer in ultra-tight fractured systems and builds a framework to highlight the critical data needed to effectively characterize and simulate recovery from such complex geological settings.

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Zhakebayev, Dauren B., A. P. Kizbayev, V. N. Kosov, and Olga V. Fedorenko. "Numerical modelling of convective diffusion in three-component gas mixtures." In THMT-15. Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium On Turbulence Heat and Mass Transfer. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ichmt.2015.thmt-15.510.

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Grooten, Mart H., and Cees W. van der Geld. "The Importance of Drainage in Dropwise Condensation From Flowing Air-Steam Mixtures." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22189.

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In this study, the importance of drainage on dropwise condensation of a flowing air-steam mixture is investigated. The initial phase of drop growth, when diffusion is not limiting, is artificially made more important to separate the diffusion resistance to heat transfer. An apparatus with controlled removal of condensate droplets from the condenser plates is designed and tested. The dropwise condensation process is frequently interrupted upon which nucleation restarts each time. Non-artificial drainage occurs at low frequencies of typically 4 large drops per second per dm2. Condensate removal at such a frequency that does not allow formation of large drops artificially makes the initial phase of drop growth more important. The results are believed to be important for the explaining of differences between filmwise and dropwise condensation heat transfer. It is found that the total heat transfer resistance decreases with increasing droplet removal frequency, f. When f is increased, the ratio of condensate mass flow rate to gas mass flow rate increased as well, by 11% for a droplet removal frequency of 0.8 Hz. With increasing f, the relative importance of convective heat transfer decreases.

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Zhang, Hao-Chun, Yi-Yi Li, Zhuang Ma, and Quan Zou. "Control Characteristics of Mass Diffusion in a Meta-Material Based on Transformation Coordinate Method." In ASME 2019 6th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2019-4228.

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Abstract Mass transfer is a ubiquitous transfer phenomenon, efficient means of mass flux regulation are of great significance to various fields. Recently, because of superior physical properties, meta-materials have been widely concerned, and the research on flux regulation using meta-materials has been rapidly developed. However, the relevant research in the field of mass transfer has progressed much more slowly than expected. In this work, the characteristic regulation of gas diffusion in meta-material functional region was investigated. Through coordinate transformation, Fick diffusion equation and gas diffusivity were derived mathematically. Different kinds of homogeneous isotropic materials are alternately compounded based on equivalent medium theory to form meta-material functional region, which realize the characteristic regulation of oxygen, nitrogen and their mixtures. In addition, the simulation results are in agreement with the derived formulas mutually verified and quantitative analysis of geometric factors affecting gas regulation process is carried out.

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Obuladinne, Sai Sujith, and Huseyin Bostanci. "Two-Phase Spray Cooling With Water/2-Propanol Binary Mixture: Investigation of Mass Diffusion Resistance." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67514.

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Two-phase spray cooling has been an emerging thermal management technique offering high heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) and critical heat flux (CHF) levels, near-uniform surface temperatures, and efficient coolant usage that enables to design of compact and lightweight systems. Due to these capabilities, spray cooling is a promising approach for high heat flux applications in computing, power electronics, and optics. The two-phase spray cooling inherently depends on saturation temperature-pressure relationships of the working fluid to take advantage of high heat transfer rates associated with liquid-vapor phase change. When a certain application requires strict temperature and/or pressure conditions, thermophysical properties of the working fluid play a critical role in attaining proper efficiency, reliability, or packaging structure. However, some of the commonly used working fluids today, including refrigerants and dielectric liquids, have relatively poor properties and heat transfer performance. In such cases, utilizing binary mixtures to tune working fluid properties becomes an alternative approach. This study aimed to conduct an initial investigation on the spray cooling characteristics of practically important binary mixtures and demonstrate their capability for challenging high heat flux applications. The working fluid, water/2-propanol binary mixture at various concentration levels, specifically at x1 (liquid mass fraction of 2-proponal in water) of 0.0 (pure water), 0.25, 0.50, 0.879 (azeotropic mixture) and 1.0, represented both non-azeotropic and azeotropic cases. Tests were performed on a closed loop spray cooling system using a pressure atomized spray nozzle with a constant liquid flow rate at corresponding 20°C subcooling conditions and 1 Atm pressure. A copper test section measuring 10 mm × 10 mm × 2 mm with a plain, smooth surface simulated high heat flux source. Experimental procedure involved controlling the heat flux in increasing steps, and recording the steady-state temperatures to obtain cooling curves in the form of surface superheat vs heat flux. The obtained results showed that pure water (x1 = 0.0) and 2-propanol (x1 = 1.0) provide the highest and lowest heat transfer performance, respectively. At a given heat flux level, the HTC values indicated strong dependence on x1, where the HTCs depress proportional to the concentration difference between the liquid and vapor phases. The CHF values sharply decreased at x1≥ 0.25.

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Kumar, Ankan, and Sandip Mazumder. "Implications of the Dilute Approximation for the Prediction of Heat and Mass Transfer Rates in Multi-Component Systems." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13113.

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Use of the Fick's law of diffusion is inappropriate in multi-component systems comprised of more than two species since it results in local violation of overall mass conservation. One approach that is often used to circumvent this problem is the dilute approximation, in which the conservation of the diluent is not enforced. It is generally believed that if the mass fraction of the diluent is "large" and it is a non-reacting species, the dilute approximation yields accurate results. In this study, the accuracy of the dilute approximation is quantitatively assessed by comparing its predictions against a rigorous multi-component diffusion formulation, derived from the Stefan-Maxwell equation. Both mass and heat flux errors are computed for a one-dimensional pure diffusion problem. It is found that even for quite dilute mixtures with mass fraction of the diluent exceeding 70%, the errors are ~15% for mass fluxes and as high as 35% for heat fluxes. In addition, the errors are found to be strongly dependent on the type of species in the mixture, implying that the validity of the dilute approximation cannot be judged a priori. Additional results are presented to show that in systems with combined heat and mass diffusion, net heat transfer can occur against the imposed temperature gradient. A Second Law analysis is presented and performed to corroborate these non-intuitive results.

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Cai, Chang, Hong Liu, Xi Xi, Ming Jia, Weilong Zhang, and Yang He. "Theoretical Model of Bubble Growth in Superheated Ethanol-Water Mixture." In ASME 2019 6th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2019-3985.

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Abstract A novel model was developed to investigate the bubble growth characteristics in uniformly superheated ethanol-water (EtOH-H2O) mixture. The influence of the mass fraction of ethanol was discussed in detail. In the proposed model, the energy equation and the component diffusion equation for the liquid were respectively coupled with quadratic temperature and mass fraction distribution within the thermal and concentration boundary layers. The non-random two-liquid equation (NRTL) was adopted to obtain the vapor-liquid equilibrium of the binary mixture at the bubble surface. The comparison between the current calculated bubble radius with the available experimental data demonstrates the accuracy of the bubble growth model. The maximum mass diffusion limited growth rate was also proposed to quantify and illustrate the effect of mass diffusion on bubble growth. The results showed that the later stage of bubble growth in a binary mixture is controlled by both mass diffusion and heat transfer. The bubble growth characteristics strongly depend on the initial mass fraction of ethanol. Within a large concentration range, a higher content of ethanol is adverse to bubble growth at a constant superheat degree. The effect of mass diffusion on bubble growth becomes weaker with an increased initial mass fraction of ethanol.

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Sakai, Takashi, Shinsaku Yoshii, Kazutoshi Kajimoto, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, Yasuhisa Shinmoto, and Haruhiko Ohta. "Heat Transfer Enhancement Observed in Nucleate Boiling of Alcohol Aqueous Solutions at Very Low Concentration." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22737.

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Experiments on saturated pool boiling were conducted by using alcohol aqueous solutions of 1-Propanol/Water, 2-Propanol/Water and Water/Ethylene glycol mixtures at atmospheric pressure. The heating surface was a horizontal upward-facing circular flat plate of 40mm in diameter. Despite that only the deterioration of heat transfer coefficient due to the existence of diffusion resistance was reported so far in nucleate boiling of mixtures, enhancement of heat transfer coefficients was observed for 1-Propanol/Water and 2-Propaonl/Water mixtures at extremely low alcohol concentrations. In these concentration ranges, Marangoni force acting on the vapor-liquid interface towards the three-phase interlines was expected to enhance the heat transfer, and this heat transfer enhancement can overcome the heat transfer deterioration due to the mass transfer resistance inherent in mixture boiling. In the intermediate concentration range, however, no heat transfer enhancement but only deterioration was observed, where Marangoni effect had no important role. On the other hand, the measured CHF values were gradually decreased with the increase of alcohol concentration in the moderate concentration range. In the low alcohol concentration range, however, CHF values were clearly decreased for 1-Propanol/Water and 2-Propanol/Water. To confirm the observed heat transfer trends of three different alcohol aqueous solutions, Marangoni effect on the nucleate boiling heat transfer mechanisms was discussed.

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Minchola, L. R., L. F. A. Azevedo, and A. O. Nieckele. "The Influence of Rheological Parameters in Wax Deposition in Channel Flow." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22952.

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Wax deposition is a critical operational problem in crude oil transportation through pipelines in cold environments. Accurate prediction of the wax deposition is crucial for the efficient design of subsea lines. Wax deposition is a complex process for which the basic mechanisms are still not fully understood. Although Fick’s molecular diffusion model is considered by several authors as the leading deposition mechanism, it is shown that it does not represent well the wax deposition thickness, measured during the transient regime, in a simple experiment, in a rectangular channel, with a laboratory oil-wax mixture. Another important wax deposition mechanism identified is associated with the rheological properties of the fluid, since oil-paraffin mixtures shows a non-Newtonian behavior at temperatures below the fluid Wax Appearance Temperature. The mixture can be modeled as a Bingham fluid, with a dependence of the yield stress on wax concentration, temperature and rate of cooling. The present paper presents a numerical model for predicting wax deposition in channel flows considering the influence of rheological properties combined with a diffusion-based deposition mechanism. To determine the amount of deposit, the conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy and wax concentration in the mixture were numerically solved with the finite volume method. A nonorthogonal moving coordinate system that adapts to the wax interface deposit geometry was employed. The results demonstrated that additional deposition is obtained as a result of the non Newtonian behavior of the fluid. This trend is in agreement with experimental observation conducted in previous studies.

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Reports on the topic "Diffusion. Mass transfer. Mixtures"

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Charles J Werth and Hongkyu Yoon Albert J Valocchi. Influence of Wetting and Mass Transfer Properties of Organic Chemical Mixtures in Vadose Zone Materials on Groundwater Contamination by Nonaqueous Phase Liquids. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1014112.

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