Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Diffusion Raman résonant'
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El, Khoury Lara. "Diffusion Raman résonante des rayons X de molécules excitées en couche profonde." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066305.
Full textGrimault, Anne-Sophie. "Modélisation du champ proche de structures résonantes 3D : application à la diffusion Raman exaltée de surface." Troyes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TROY0006.
Full textWe studied the position of the localized surface plasmon resonance and the surface enhanced Raman scattering of periodic arrays of metallic nanostructures with different size, form and environment. To calculate localized surface plasmon resonance and the Raman gain, we developed a numerical code based on the finite difference time domain method using the Drude-Lorentz dispersion model. Our results highlighted a strong influence of the geometry and environment of the nanoparticles on their resonance plasmon and their Raman signal. We observed dipolar and multipolar plasmon mode resonances as well as a shift between the position of the Plasmon resonance and the position of the maximum of the intensity of the Raman signal, whatever the size and the form of the nanoparticles. This numerical tool can thus make it possible to optimize manufacture of samples, by giving the parameters of size, form and environment necessary to achieve the most intense Raman signals
Le, Nader Victor. "Approche expérimentale et théorique de la diffusion Raman exaltée : résonance des plasmons de surface et effet de pointe." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00559365.
Full textRouille, Gaël. "Contribution à l'étude de la molécule d'oxygène par diffusion Raman et par ionisation multiphotonique augmentée par résonance." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOS071.
Full textPORTALES, Hervé. "Etude par diffusion Raman de nanoparticules métalliques en matrice diélectrique amorphe." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002169.
Full textDhaouadi, Zoubeida. "Contribution à l'analyse vibrationnelle des bases puriques des acides nucléiques. : Détermination des champs de forces moléculaires et simulations des spectres Raman de résonance et de diffusion inélastique de neutrons." Paris 13, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA132009.
Full textGehan, Hélène. "Nano-structuration de substrats à points chaud contrôlés : application à la diffusion Raman exaltée de surface." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077196.
Full textSince the last decade, the development of coupled nanoparticles (NPs) assemblies has been particularly studied for applications in surface enhanced spectroscopy. In this field, the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS is considered as an extremely sensitive tool, allowing the detection of very few amounts of various molecules type (drugs, explosives, biological molecules). It requires very huge electromagnetic field enhancements occurring within the gap between coupled NPs, called hot-spot. However, one of the major difficulties is the non-reproducibility of these hot spots, occurring by generally random NPs aggregates. In this work, we propose to design and to characterize by SERS structured assemblies of coupled gold nanostructures. Two ways are explored: (i) the development of substrates in which coupled gold NPs are self-assembled in an patterned way. This strategy shows that a small amount of coupled NPs is favourable to the detection of few molecules. On the other hand, the case of a great amount of coupled NPs is rather favorable to common analytical studies. Moreover, this method is adaptable to various form of NPs. (ii) The second strategy consist in a plasmonic device made of gold NPs separated from a gold film through a thermoresponsive polymer layer. Studies using electrochemistry and SERS as the function of the temperature show an interaction between the gold film and the NPs. This interaction is dependent on the distance between these two entities which is controlled by conformational changes of the polymer layer in response to temperature variations. A new setup which can make an image of the near field enhanced areas. The main idea is about the adsorbate molecule which is sensible to the near field, although its enhanced Raman scattering detection is done in far field. We can say that the molecule frustrate the near field in order to give an image of this local field
David, Lionel. "Spectroscopie comparée de Raman résonnant et d'excitation des états de surface et de volume d'un cristal organique avec structure feuilletée : expérimentation, théorie." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10611.
Full textSimionovici, Alexandre. "Contributions à l'étude de la diffusion inélastique résonnante des photons sur électrons liés : application à la couche L." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112011.
Full textNardou, Éric. "Nanoparticules métalliques en matrices vitreuses pour l'amplification Raman." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740971.
Full textMercadier, Nicolas. "Diffusion résonante de la lumière laser aléatoire à atomes froids et vols de Lévy des photons." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647843.
Full textFotso, Gueutue Eric Stéphane. "Spectroscopie Raman résolue en temps pour les hautes températures." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2023/document.
Full textThis work presents the optimization of a time-resolved Raman spectroscopy device dedicated to very high temperatures. This device meets the ever-increasing need to study in real time phase transformations and reaction kinetics in extreme environments. This device has been validated under working conditions on oxides (Gd₂O3, Y₂O3, ZrO₂ , ZrSiO4 et CeO₂) and nitrides (h-BN). The potentialities of the device have enabled the main technological and instrumental locks that limit the use of high temperature Raman spectroscopy to be removed. The three main highlights illustrating the innovative nature of this work are as follows. The first corresponds to the new world record for high temperature Raman analysis through the acquisition of the E₂g mode of h-BN up to 2700°C.A comparison of the performance of the two Pockels and ICCD channels shows that the Pockels channel is more efficient than the ICCD, but more difficult to implement. The second important fact concerns the other applications of time-resolved Raman, as to separate the contribution of Raman scattering and luminescence. The last application presents the study of the comparative time dependence of resonant and non-resonant Raman scattering. The resonant Raman is triggered systematically before the non-resonant. More generally, the interest of time-resolved Raman methods opens new fields of application in the characterization of materials in extreme conditions, possibly in situ: aeronautics, refractories, steel industry, nuclear, etc
Cottat, Maximilien. "Optimisation de nanostructures plasmoniques pour la détection et la caractérisation structurelle des protéines par Diffusion Raman Exaltée de Surface." Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132049/document.
Full textProteins play an important role in cells via their enzymatic activity and the irinteractions. Their functions are mainly based on the protein structure. In order to detect their presence and to characterize their structure, we used optical properties of nanostructures. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), as well as the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), allowed us to detect various proteins. We also optimized nanostructures to build a sensitive, reproducible and specific biosensor based on SERS. Indeed, specific detection of one pathological biomarker, the Manganese Super Oxide Dismutase (MnSOD) protein, was investigated by using optically optimized and aptamer-functionalized nanostructures. Using this system, we were able to detect the MnSOD at physiological concentration in body fluids, such as serum and saliva. Finally, the structural study of the Spleen Tyrosine kinase (Syk) protein by SERS, allowed us to demonstrate that its structure varied with its phosphorylation levels. A complementary Western Blot analysis showed that the Syk kinase activity depended also on its phosphorylation state, meaning that the structure and the activity of Syk were linked. Altogether, these data contributed to a better understanding of the interface between physics and biology
Duarte, Mendes Catita Leonor. "Contribution of NMR and Raman imaging for modeling and rationalization of the impregnation process of metallic precursors in porous media." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1262/document.
Full textThe objective of this work is to characterize the impregnation step in terms of physical phenomena (capillarity and diffusion) and chemical phenomena (surface interaction) in order to identify the key descriptors of this step in order to improve the preparation hydrotreating catalysts. This involves monitor spatial and temporally the transport of the species in the impregnation solution within the porosity, more particularly in the case of Ni(Co)MoP/?-Al2O3 catalysts preparation.An original MRI approach has been developed to follow in-situ the impregnation step from a solution of mixed nature with more than one metal precursor in the presence of an additive. MRI provides access to the spatial distribution of all species within the catalyst with a spatial resolution of 39 × 39 µm. Raman imaging allows an identification of the chemical nature of the species in solution with a spatial resolution of 16.2 × 16.2 µm.First, the phenomena involved in the impregnation of model solutions composed of Ni (or Co), were studied by modifying the parameters of the solution. These experiments were then used as the basis for the development of a mathematical model to rationalize the impregnation step. In a second part, this study was extended to the preparation of hydrotreatment catalysts. Several phenomena have been evaluated here, notably the impact of the presence of phosphorus on the transport of Mo species, possible competition of adsorption between P, Co and Mo and the effect of the presence of citric acid.This study allows a better control of the impregnation step and thus of the distribution profile of the active phase, which has an impact on the catalytic performance
Bryche, Jean-François. "Nanostructuration d'or pour la biodétection plasmonique et la diffusion Raman exaltée de surface : réalisation, caractérisation et modélisation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLO015/document.
Full textThis thesis is focused on gold nanostructuration on glass substrate in order to study and optimize their plasmonic properties for biosensing applications. The main goal was to demonstrate the feasibility of combining on a single biochip, Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging (SPRI) and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) measurements. We have demonstrated that adding a gold film under the nanostructures was highly beneficial for a dual SPRI-SERS characterization. In order to optimize the geometry of the nanostructures and understand the various plasmonic modes, most of the samples were first made by electron beam lithography. Nanoimprinting assisted by UV (UV-NIL) was also developed during this thesis to manufacture samples in large quantities and reply to the future industrial needs for biosensing applications. Performances of these UV-NIL samples were compared with those produced by e-beam lithography. Diameters and periods of gold nanodisks range respectively from 40 nm to 300 nm and 80 nm to 600 nm, depending on the manufacturing technique used. In SERS, enhancement factor of 10^6 to 10^8 were obtained thanks to the presence of the continuous gold film under the nanodisks array. We found that this gain is a function of the thickness of the gold film, the excitation wavelength used and the nanostructures filling factor. In SPRI, we have demonstrated experimentally and theoretically the existence of a coupling between the propagating and localized plasmonic modes, resulting in a new hybrid mode, potentially more sensitive due to its high confinement. Numerical models confirm these results, taking into account the defects found in real samples (rounded edges, imperfect lateral side, adhesion layer). The whole work proposes a better understanding, both experimentally and theoretically, of the plasmonic properties at nanoscale of gold nanostructures with and without an underlying gold film. Moreover, a detailed study of the different technological processes helps to understand which steps significantly impact the plasmonic properties of the samples and their performance as a biosensor. Finally, these samples were characterized and validated on a bimodal instrument SPRI-SERS
Nardou, Éric. "Nanoparticules métalliques en matrices vitreuses pour l’amplification Raman." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10207/document.
Full textSignals in optical fibers used for the transfer of information are attenuated due to impurities, scattering, absorption… To compensate for these losses, several techniques were developed like Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA). An alternative to rare earth doped fiber amplifier is Raman Amplification, which results from stimulated Raman scattering. Noble metal nanoparticles have optical properties induced by the collective oscillation of their conduction electrons when they interact with an electromagnetic wave. These particles strongly absorb the electromagnetic field at a frequency called surface Plasmon resonance frequency. This work is mainly based on effects leading to the improvement of the Raman Amplification. The ANR project Fenoptic (2010-2012), gathering Draka and several French laboratories (ICB (Dijon), CMCP (Paris), LPCML (Lyon)) is interested in the integration of noble metal nanoparticles in optical fibers using properties of the surface Plasmon resonance to improve the efficiency of optical amplifiers. In this work, different kinds of samples (suspensions, layers, optical fiber performs) with metal nanoparticles were studied. The experiments were based on the characterization (form and position of the Plasmon band) of noble metal nanoparticles in amorphous matrix and Raman spectroscopy was used to study the Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) effect. For the first time, we found the Raman signal exaltation of an amorphous matrix
Marquestaut, Nicolas. "Effets d'exaltations par des nanostructures métalliques : application à la microscopie Raman en Champ Proche." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13812/document.
Full textThis thesis work focuses on Raman scattering enhancements by metallic nanostructures. In the first part of this work, arrays of metallic patterns with nanometer dimensions were fabricated by the Langmuir-Blodgett deposition technique and electron-beam lithography. Such structures made of gold were fabricated onto microscope slides with the goal to enhance the Raman signal through SERS effect (Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy). These patterns formed by an assembly of triangular nanostructures with sizes of hundreds of nanometers, exhibit plasmon resonance bands in the visible spectral region. By using an appropriate excitation laser source with respect to the plasmon frequency, Raman enhancement factors of a monolayer were found to be of several order of magnitude for both Langmuir-Blodgett and electron-beam lithography platforms. To further complement these results, gold wires arrays with large aspect ratio made by electron-beam lithography showed multipolar plasmon resonances with enhancement factors up to 105. In the second part of this thesis, near-field Raman microscopy has been developed with the aim to localize precisely the Raman enhancement and improve spatial resolution of Raman measurements. Atomic force microscopy gold tips have been used to locally enhance scattering signal of molecules in close proximity to the tip opening new opportunities. This approach known as TERS (Tip Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy) is of significant interest to probe nanomaterials, nanostructures or monolayers. Software and mechanical developments have been made between a confocal Raman microscope and an atomic force microscope to control simultaneously both instruments. This experimental setup was used to characterize gallium nitride semi-conductors nanowires with spatial resolution better than 200 nm
Marekha, Bogdan. "Structure et dynamique microscopiques dans les mélanges de liquides ioniques à base d’imidazolium et de solvants polaires aprotiques : RMN, spectroscopie Raman et modélisation moléculaire." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10071/document.
Full textThis thesis presents a multi-technique approach for analysis of the structure and dynamics in the mixtures of ionic liquids (ILs) based on 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (Bmim+) cation coupled with perfluorinated anions (BF4−, PF6−, CF3SO3−, (CF3SO2)2N−), on one side, and polar aprotic solvents such as acetonitrile (AN), ), γ-butyrolactone (γ-BL), and propylene carbonate (PC), on the other side. Raman spectroscopy and NMR chemical shift measurements were used to probe changes of electronic density at specific interaction sites of ILs and solvent molecules as a function of mixture composition. Quantum-chemical calculations of the representative configurations were performed to complement the interpenetration of spectral observations. Important changes in the structure and dynamics are observed only at low IL content (xIL<0.2). It was established that ion solvation phenomena prevail over those of ion association for the solvents of high donicity (γ-BL, PC) and for ILs whose anions are bulky and have diffusive charge distribution (PF6−, (CF3SO2)2N−). The relative diffusion coefficients of solvent molecules to cations as a function of concentration depend on the nature of the solvent but not on the anion. In all cases these relative coefficients exhibit constant values at low IL content (xLI<0.2) and then increase steeply (AN), moderately (γ-BL) or negligibly (PC) at high IL concentrations. In BmimPF6-based systems anionic diffusivities were followed via RMN of 31P nuclei
Picaud, Thierry. "Fonction et régulation des oxydoréductases à disulfure : étude comparative des interactions entre le cycle isoalloxazine et son environnement." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112029.
Full textThis manuscript presents a study on the characterization of structural factors modulating enzymatic activity and reactivity with metallic ions from members of the pyridine nucleotide disulfide-oxidoreductase family (Glutathione reductase (GR), Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and NADH peroxidase (NPX). Complementary techniques combining biochemical experiments, electronic absorption and resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopies have been used. The two-electron reduction of GR by the substrate (NADPH) or the product (GSH) of the enzyme reaction gives rise to the formation of two different species. RR studies of these two-electron reduced states show that isoalloxazine ring of the FAD imposes a redox control and a regulation, of enzyme activity via a hydrogen bond modulation on the N5 atom of FAD. The enzyme inhibition induced by the binding of metallic ions (Hg2+, Cd2+) on the active site dithiol of GR is explained by both an elimination of the redox coupling between the two active centers of GR (dithiol and FAD) and a strong out-of-plane distortion of isoalloxazine moiety that generates strong alterations in FAD-protein interactions. Association of the heavy metal to TrxR produces a displacement of the second redaction step of FAD from 1 to 3 equivalents of NADPH. Moreover, the formation of a blue semiquinone is stabilized. The stabilization of this radical is proposed to be a regulation way for this enzyme class. RR spectra obtained for different redox states of NPX show that the isoalloxazine ring has a low electronic density, as in the case of GR. A direct consequence is the stabilization, of the cysteine-sulfenic acid as well as a charge transfer complex formed after the enzyme redaction by NADH. For the three enzymes, this study showed an intimate electronic coupling between the two redox centers for the two electron-reduced enzymes
Bourinet, Laurent. "Etude des propriétés physico-chimiques des complexes collecteurs de lumière des bactéries pourpres sulfureuses." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112050.
Full textThis thesis concerns the study of the physico-chemical properties of peripheral light-harvesting (LH2) complexes from purple sulphur bacteria. After culturing the bacteria and purifying their LH2 complexes I used a combination of spectroscopic techniques (circular and linear dichroism, room- and low-temperature electronic absorption and resonance Raman) in order to determine the electronic and vibrational properties of the complexes. These proteins possess marked differences with their homologues from purple non-sulphur bacteria. The LH2 from purple sulphur bacteria possess a certain number of properties that resemble core light-harvesting (LH1) complexes. This result is interesting because the structures of LH2s and LH1s, which are based on a similar construction, are different. These complexes are all formed by the association of dimers of membrane polypeptides, in the form of a ring. LH1 contains 16 dimers, whereas, the LH2 has 8 or 9. Therefore, the sizes of these proteins are very different. I demonstrated that the technique of freeze fracture, combined with electron microscopy, gives an estimation of the size of these complexes. With this methodology, I showed that the LH2 from Chromatium vinosum possesses an intermediate size (11/12 dimers) between previously studied LH1 and LH2 complexes. The discovery of this new form of dimer association opens up the way towards a better understanding of the factors that govern the quaternary structure of light-harvesting complexes
Pallier, Camille. "Evolution structurale des céramiques (Si)-B-C sous sollicitations thermomécaniques." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14615/document.
Full textSelf-healing matrices are composed of SiC, B-C and Si-B-C multilayers deposited by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). The boron-rich layers (Si)-B-C are amorphous in their as-deposited state but crystallize at high temperature (T ≥ 1000 °C). Various analyses (XRD, Raman spectroscopy, NMR, neutron diffraction, XANES) were used to characterize the local structure of the as-processed and heat-treated ceramics. The local structure of heat-treated ceramics was also confirmed by molecular dynamic ab initio simulations. The structure consists of icosahedral units as in B4C but faulted and connected with each other through tetrahedral CB4-XCX and trigonal BC3 sites. In Si-B-C ceramics, the same amorphous phase forms a continuum embedding SiC clusters. The structural evolution of the ceramics in inert atmosphere were studied as a function of temperature (1100°C ≤ T ≤ 1400 °C) and time (t ≤ 1 h). The metastability of the materials leads to fast kinetics of reorganization. When T and t increase, one observes successively the formation free-sp2 carbon, the crystallization of B4C and, in Si-B-C ceramics, the coarsening of the SiC nanocrystallites. The high temperature mechanical properties have also been assessed by tensile tests on Cf/(Si)-B-Cm microcomposites. The materials undergo a complex transient behaviour which is strongly temperature dependent due to the structural changes
Delatour, Thierry. "Mise en évidence par spectrométries optiques de formes tautomères caractéristiques d'un pyridylazo diethylaminophénol." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10159.
Full textLesieur, Pierre. "Etude de l'orientation moléculaire dans les films de Langmuir-Blodgett." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066290.
Full textFaid, Rita. "Détection de protéines par diffusion Raman exaltée par effet de pointe (TERS)." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11462.
Full textMeasurement of the local concentration of chemical messengers secreted by cells may give a better understanding of molecular mechanisms related to different diseases, such as cancer metastasis. Current techniques are not suited to perform such measurements and thus, new analytical techniques must be developed. This Master’s thesis reports the development of a new technique based on the plasmonic response of atomic force microscopy (AFM) tips, which will ultimately allow monitoring of chemical and biological molecules on the surface of a cantilever by use of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS). Indeed, it is possible to localize the enhancement of the Raman signal on the AFM tip using principles associated to surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), based on the absorption of light by nanometer-sized metal particles, resulting in a large enhancement of the Raman signal. The AFM tip was constructed by the deposition of a nanometer-size gold layer, followed by the assembly of a biosensor with a biomolecular receptor. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with a secondary antibody served as the secondary detection step. In addition, the use of the gold nanoparticles for antigen detection allows an amplification of the SPR and Raman signals. This Master’s thesis will demonstrate the development and validation of a biosensor for immunoglobuline G (IgG) at the tip of an AFM cantilever.This thesis sets the basis for future projects, where this new imaging technique will be developed for monitoring cellular communication by exploiting the plasmonic signal at the AFM tip. Different biosensors will then be developed and coupled to an AFM probe for scanning the chemical environment and detect in real-time chemical messengers secreted in the extracellular matrix in cellular communication.