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Journal articles on the topic 'Digital-Based analog processing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Sharma, Sushma, Hitesh Kumar, and Charul Thareja. "Digital Signal Processing Over Analog Signal Processing." Journal of Advance Research in Electrical & Electronics Engineering (ISSN: 2208-2395) 1, no. 2 (2014): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nneee.v1i2.255.

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This paper provides a survey of digital signal processing over analog signal processing. Initially digital signal processing is developed to replace limited application based analog signal processing (ASP) of high cost. This paper describes the comparison of analog signal processing (ASP) and digital signal processing, technology under digital signal processing , application of digital signal processing, new technology of digital signal processing (DSP). This paper also focuses on the future scope of digital signal processing (DSP).

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Nasrulloh, Mohammad Dicky. "Designing a Digital Filter Based Crossover Audio System Using STM32L4." Jurnal Jartel: Jurnal Jaringan Telekomunikasi 9, no. 4 (2019): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jartel.v9i4.141.

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Analog telecommunication system equipment is now starting to develop and be replaced with digital telecommunication systems, one of them is in the audio signal processing. The focus of audio processing is audio crossover. Audio crossover in development there are still many who use analog systems. This analog system has disadvantages when adjusting the sound balance because it still uses analog filters to balance it. It is necessary to develop a technology that aims to create a digital-based crossover audio system using the STM32L4, so that by using this digital-based signal processing it is able to adjust the sound more specifically than the signal processing used analog based. This digital filter uses the Finite Impulse Response (FIR) method. Testing audio crossover using STM32L4 produces a digital-based crossover audio system design using a STM32L4 microcontroller with a voltage of 3.3V as power supply, mp3 player as sound input device, FIR filter as digital filter processing, LM386 as sound amplifier and speaker as sound output for crossover audio on rangelow frequency (200Hz to 4000Hz), high (2200Hz to 6000Hz), medium (200Hz to 4000Hz).

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Reshetnikova, I. V., S. V. Sokolov, A. A. Manin, M. V. Polyakova, and O. I. Sokolova. "Optical digital-to-analog converter for N-digit logic-based processing circuits." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2131, no. 2 (2021): 022129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2131/2/022129.

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Abstract The possibility of synthesis of ultra-fast universal optical digital-to-analog converter (DAC) providing conversion of digital information into analog information in giga- and terahertz ranges, including in digital systems based on N-digit logic, is considered. The functional diagram of the optical DAC containing technologically well-developed optical elements is given, the principle of operation is described in detail. The possibility of implementing this DAC with the speed potentially possible for optical data processing circuits is shown.

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N. Ezema, Chukwuedozie, Chukwuebuka B. Umezinwa, and Ernest O. Nonum. "Microcontroller-Based Optical Displacement Weighing Scale." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 4, no. 3 (2016): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.431606.

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Electronic weighing systems are used in industries and business establishments for weighing and segregating materials accurately for process scales. Thus, the aim of this research is to design and implement a microcontroller based optical displacement weighing scale. The electronic weighing system comprises the basic load cell suitable signal conditioners and output recorders/indicators giving both the analog and digital output for further processing. The signals from the load cell are amplified and fed to analog/digital converter, which provide an output in the digital format for display printing/processing etc. The strain gauge based load cell is the most popular weight transducer used in the electronic weighing system.

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Cai, J., and G. W. Taylor. "An optoelectronic thyristor-based analog-to-digital converter for parallel processing." Applied Physics Letters 73, no. 16 (1998): 2372–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122464.

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Maruta, Akihiro, and Sho-ichiro Oda. "Optical Signal Processing Based on All-Optical Analog-to-Digital Conversion." Optics and Photonics News 19, no. 4 (2008): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opn.19.4.000030.

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Semenov, V. K. "Digital to analog conversion based on processing of the SFQ pulses." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 3, no. 1 (1993): 2637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.233969.

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Wu, Ling Fan, Li Jun Yun, Jun Sheng Shi, Kun Wang, and Zhi Hui Deng. "Design and Implementation of the HD Video Signal Converter Based on FPGA." Advanced Engineering Forum 6-7 (September 2012): 571–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.6-7.571.

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In this paper, based on the FPGA and with a video dedicated A / D converter chip, LVDS coding chip, the design and implementation of a SD(standard-definition) analog video signals to HD(high-definition) digital video signal converter. First, input SD analog video into digital video signals meet the ITU-BT656 standard. Then use the FPGA with the video processing chip and DDR do some corresponding processing to achieve high-definition digital video output. After the actual test, the converter output signal of the image quality is well, meets the design requirements, and to verify the effectiveness of the program.

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Rajabalipanah, Hamid, Ali Abdolali, Shahid Iqbal, Lei Zhang, and Tie Jun Cui. "Analog signal processing through space-time digital metasurfaces." Nanophotonics 10, no. 6 (2021): 1753–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0006.

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Abstract In the quest to realize analog signal processing using subwavelength metasurfaces, in this paper, we present the first demonstration of programmable time-modulated metasurface processors based on the key properties of spatial Fourier transformation. Exploiting space-time coding strategy enables local, independent, and real-time engineering of not only amplitude but also phase profile of the contributing reflective digital meta-atoms at both central and harmonic frequencies. Several illustrative examples are demonstrated to show that the proposed multifunctional calculus metasurface is capable of implementing a large class of useful mathematical operators, including 1st- and 2nd-order spatial differentiation, 1st-order spatial integration, and integro-differential equation solving accompanied by frequency conversions. Unlike the recent proposals based on the Green’s function (GF) method, the designed time-modulated signal processor effectively operates for input signals containing wide spatial frequency bandwidths with an acceptable gain level. Proof-of-principle simulations are also reported to demonstrate the successful realization of image processing functions like edge detection. This time-varying wave-based computing system can set the direction for future developments of programmable metasurfaces with highly promising applications in ultrafast equation solving, real-time and continuous signal processing, and imaging.

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Wang, Li, Wenli Chen, Kai Chen, Renjun He, and Wenjian Zhou. "The Research on the Signal Generation Method and Digital Pre-Processing Based on Time-Interleaved Digital-to-Analog Converter for Analog-to-Digital Converter Testing." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (2022): 1704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031704.

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In the high-resolution analog circuit, the performance of chips is an important part. The performance of the chips needs to be determined by testing. According to the test requirements, stimulus signal with better quality and performance is necessary. The main research direction is how to generate high-resolution and high-speed analog signal when there is no suitable high-resolution and high-speed digital-to-analog converter (DAC) chip available. In this paper, we take the high-resolution analog-to-digital converter (ADC) chips test as an example; this article uses high-resolution DAC chips and multiplexers to generate high-resolution high-speed signals that can be used for testing high-resolution ADC chips based on the principle of time-alternating sampling. This article explains its method, analyzes its error and proposes a digital pre-processing method to reduce the error. Finally, the actual circuit is designed, and the method is verified on the circuit. The test results prove the effectiveness of this method for generating high-resolution ADC test signals.

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Yang, Ruiping, Hongpeng Wang, Huan Liu, Wang Luo, Jian Ge, and Haobin Dong. "A new digital single-axis fluxgate magnetometer according to the cobalt-based amorphous effects." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 3 (2022): 035104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0084376.

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Fluxgate sensors are currently widely used for weak magnetic field measurement because of their relatively great performance, such as resolution, power consumption, and measurement of vector magnetic fields directly. Since the analog fluxgate sensor has some drawbacks, e.g., it would be influenced by the noise of the analog circuit. Hence, in recent years, the analog circuit is gradually inclined to be realized by digital processing in which the software parameter adjustment is employed to replace the analog components, which can greatly improve the flexibility of the design. This paper proposes a digital single-axis fluxgate sensor according to the cobalt-based amorphous effect. To be specific, the analog signal output by the fluxgate is sampled directly by an analog-to-digital converter to obtain the signal waveform in digital form after amplification. The demodulation, filtering, and integration of the signal are all solved by mathematical algorithms. Based on the working principle of the fluxgate sensor, the selection of the magnetic core material and coil winding method of the fluxgate sensor probe is introduced in detail. The design and function of the excitation circuit and preamplifier circuit, as well as the specific realization of digital signal processing, are described. Finally, the performance test of the digital fluxgate sensor was performed under laboratory conditions, and the magnetic anomaly detection comparison experiment was performed outdoors with commercial fluxgate sensors. To sum up, the linearity of the digital single-axis fluxgate sensor is better than 1 × 10−5, and the root mean square noise value is below 0.1 nT. At the same time, it has good magnetic field tracking performance and is extremely sensitive to the magnetic field of the measurement area.

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Wang, Xuemei, Yingying Chen, Zien Zhang, and Fucai Liu. "Digital-analog hybrid control of an inverted pendulum robot based on memristor." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2807, no. 1 (2024): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2807/1/012012.

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Abstract Single inertial measurement unit sensor signals are inaccurate, and traditional digital processing systems with separate storage and computation architectures cannot directly handle analog sensor signals, leading to significant delays and high power consumption. In that case, the control capability for self-balancing robots has been limited. In this work, a three-terminal MoS2-based memristor device was fabricated and successfully integrated into a memristor-based hybrid control inverted pendulum robot system. This system achieved continuous multi-sensor analog data fusion computations and analog PD control computations by combining the least squares method and a gradient descent algorithm based on a reward mechanism in digital circuits to control the memristors dynamically. Additionally, simulation testing and real, inverted pendulum robot control confirmed the efficacy of its data fusion and the accuracy of its PD control. The comparative experiments demonstrated that the hybrid control system based on memristors was approximately 86.41 mJ lower than the digital system. This system holds significant importance for the processing of large-scale sensor data and robot control.

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Hasler, Jennifer. "Analog Architecture Complexity Theory Empowering Ultra-Low Power Configurable Analog and Mixed Mode SoC Systems." Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications 9, no. 1 (2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jlpea9010004.

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This discussion develops a theoretical analog architecture framework similar to the well developed digital architecture theory. Designing analog systems, whether small or large scale, must optimize their architectures for energy consumption. As in digital systems, a strong architecture theory, based on experimental results, is essential for these opportunities. The recent availability of programmable and configurable analog technologies, as well as the start of analog numerical analysis, makes considering scaling of analog computation more than a purely theoretical interest. Although some aspects nicely parallel digital architecture concepts, analog architecture theory requires revisiting some of the foundations of parallel digital architectures, particularly revisiting structures where communication and memory access, instead of processor operations, that dominates complexity. This discussion shows multiple system examples from Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC) to Vector-Matrix Multiplication (VMM), adaptive filters, image processing, sorting, and other computing directions.

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Shilpa, B. M., and Sathisha K. Shet. "Optimized register level transfer mechanism for ASIC-based memscomputing." Modern Electronic Materials 10, no. 1 (2024): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.10.1.113631.

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Micro-electromechanical system-based semiconductor sensor systems typically need a reliable on-chip analog readout circuit to identify and process changes in physical properties. To improve the mobility, robustness, reliability and performance (in terms of power consumption and speed) of the sensor system, the remaining parts of the post-processing logic, such as the digital data processor (or part of it), can also integrated into the chip. Cost and integration are always important considerations in both analog and digital designs, but they become even more important; the subsystem of data processing must be squeezed into a very small space near the structure of the micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) sensor. The paper introduces a new Buffalo-based register-transfer level (BRTL) method that aims to improve the efficiency and reliability of the system of digital data processing for MEMS sensor post-processing algorithm. Initially, the memcomputing system was designed with the needed functional processing elements. Then, a novel Buffalo-based register-transfer level design is modelled in the MEMS architecture. The digital data transmission process is performed to estimate the reliability of the proposed BRTL model. Finally, the performance of the proposed model can be validated.

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Shilpa, B. M., and Sathisha K. Shet. "Optimized register level transfer mechanism for ASIC-based memscomputing." Modern Electronic Materials 10, no. (1) (2024): 19–28. https://doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.10.1.113631.

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Zhang, Jing Bo, Xiao Feng Wang, and Shu Fang Zhang. "Audio Signal Processing Based on FPGA." Advanced Materials Research 1049-1050 (October 2014): 1759–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1049-1050.1759.

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This paper presents a system of audio signal processing based on FPGA,the system uses audio codec chip LM4550 to A/D transform and D/A transform the input analog audio signal and output digital audio signal.Using FPGA as the high speed signal processor to realize volume adjustment and audio effect control,so it can output different style music.Meantime, the system designs a FFT computing module and control system of VGA display interface,to compute the digital audio signal which is A/D transformed,and real-time display the frequency spectrum of audio signal on VGA.

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Bi, Chun Guang, Wei Tian Kong, and Ye Ming Lu. "Based ARMK10 Electromagnetic Sensor A/D Converter Design and Implementation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 3399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.3399.

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This paper-based design Kinetics ARM-Cortex M4 MK10DN512ZLL10 microprocessor detecting through the use of electromagnetic sensors has 10mH 100mA alternating current conductor, a continuous analog signal obtained through the solenoid to the LM358 chip amplifier many times the signal amplifier circuit , and then the analog signal is converted by the algorithm into a digital signal, and these values can be obtained through a filtering process after a smooth and accurate digital microprocessor for processing.

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Ryndin, Konoplev, Lysenko, Kulikova, and Popov. "Highly Sensitive Signal Processing Devices for Capacitive Transducers of Micromechanical Accelerometers." Electronics 8, no. 9 (2019): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8090932.

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In this paper, the principles of the open-loop frequency-based signal processing devices for capacitive MEMS accelerometers are used to develop three CMOS IP-core (Intellectual Property core) projects of highly sensitive signal processing devices with frequency output. Signal processing devices designed in accordance with the considered method form an output of rectangular pulses whose frequencies equal a difference of signal frequencies from two identical generators with micromechanical accelerometer capacitive transducers in their frequency control circuits. First, the analog project scheme uses two harmonic LC oscillators and an analog mixer to form an output rectangular-shape differential-frequency signal, the frequency of which is dependent on the measured acceleration. Second, the digital project is fully scalable for various CMOS-technologies due to oscillators of rectangular pulses and a digital mixer. Third, the mixed-signal project combines the advantages of the analog and digital projects. The signal processing device projects were developed, modeled and compared to comprehensively solve the problems of increasing sensitivity, dynamic range, noise immunity and resistance to destabilizing factors (e.g., to temperature changes).

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Wang, Sibo, Xiuhuan Liu, Han Yu, et al. "Transfer-Free Analog and Digital Flexible Memristors Based on Boron Nitride Films." Nanomaterials 14, no. 4 (2024): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14040327.

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The traditional von Neumann architecture of computers, constrained by the inherent separation of processing and memory units, faces challenges, for instance, memory wall issue. Neuromorphic computing and in-memory computing offer promising paradigms to overcome the limitations of additional data movement and to enhance computational efficiency. In this work, transfer-free flexible memristors based on hexagonal boron nitride films were proposed for analog neuromorphic and digital memcomputing. Analog memristors were prepared; they exhibited synaptic behaviors, including paired-pulse facilitation and long-term potentiation/depression. The resistive switching mechanism of the analog memristors were investigated through transmission electron microscopy. Digital memristors were prepared by altering the electrode materials, and they exhibited reliable device performance, including a large on/off ratio (up to 106), reproducible switching endurance (>100 cycles), non-volatile characteristic (>60 min), and effective operating under bending conditions (>100 times).

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UDDIN, MOHAMMED RAFIQ, GAZI MAEEN -UR- RASHID, and MD SHAHIDUL ISLAM. "MICROCONTROLLER BASED LIGHT CONTROL." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 15, no. 02 (2005): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819400500235x.

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A microcontroller-based control system is a direct outgrowth of the extensive advances in the Integrated Circuit design and microelectronic device processing technology. This has led to the development of new forms of technologies. This paper presents a technique of microcontroller based control system for controlling the lights of a room. Using the technique, according to the intensity of the sunlight in a room, the states of light of that room will change. Therefore we need to collect data or information from the environment using light sensors to control lights. The microcontroller collects the information from the atmosphere and changes the state of different lights. The analog data collected by the sensors are converted to digital form by an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) and then fed to the microcontroller. The output data stream of the microcontroller is in digital form by which analog device lights will be controlled.

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Bensimon, Moshe, Shlomo Greenberg, and Moshe Haiut. "Using a Low-Power Spiking Continuous Time Neuron (SCTN) for Sound Signal Processing." Sensors 21, no. 4 (2021): 1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041065.

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This work presents a new approach based on a spiking neural network for sound preprocessing and classification. The proposed approach is biologically inspired by the biological neuron’s characteristic using spiking neurons, and Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP)-based learning rule. We propose a biologically plausible sound classification framework that uses a Spiking Neural Network (SNN) for detecting the embedded frequencies contained within an acoustic signal. This work also demonstrates an efficient hardware implementation of the SNN network based on the low-power Spike Continuous Time Neuron (SCTN). The proposed sound classification framework suggests direct Pulse Density Modulation (PDM) interfacing of the acoustic sensor with the SCTN-based network avoiding the usage of costly digital-to-analog conversions. This paper presents a new connectivity approach applied to Spiking Neuron (SN)-based neural networks. We suggest considering the SCTN neuron as a basic building block in the design of programmable analog electronics circuits. Usually, a neuron is used as a repeated modular element in any neural network structure, and the connectivity between the neurons located at different layers is well defined. Thus, generating a modular Neural Network structure composed of several layers with full or partial connectivity. The proposed approach suggests controlling the behavior of the spiking neurons, and applying smart connectivity to enable the design of simple analog circuits based on SNN. Unlike existing NN-based solutions for which the preprocessing phase is carried out using analog circuits and analog-to-digital conversion, we suggest integrating the preprocessing phase into the network. This approach allows referring to the basic SCTN as an analog module enabling the design of simple analog circuits based on SNN with unique inter-connections between the neurons. The efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated by implementing SCTN-based resonators for sound feature extraction and classification. The proposed SCTN-based sound classification approach demonstrates a classification accuracy of 98.73% using the Real-World Computing Partnership (RWCP) database.

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R, Manikandan, Muruganantham Ponnusamy, and Jayasri Subramaniam. "MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY BASED DIGITAL IMAGE ENHANCEMENT PROCESSING WITH CROSS SEPARATE BOUNDARY OBJECTS." ICTACT Journal on Image and Video Processing 12, no. 4 (2022): 2699–703. https://doi.org/10.21917/ijivp.2022.0383.

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In computer science, digital image processing is the use of computer algorithms to perform image processing on digital images. The Image processing as a subgroup or background of digital signal processing has many advantages over analog image processing. The Digital image processing allows the use of a wide range of algorithms for input data and avoids problems such as noise accumulation and signal distortion during the processing process. Because images are defined in two dimensions (perhaps more than two dimensions), image processing can be formatted into multi-dimensional systems. In this paper an effective Mathematical morphology model was proposed to enhance the quality of images. In this mode, the image is pre-processed and then the gradient is changed using a mathematical image system. Then, the edges are detected by the margin detection method based on the statistical data. This method removes the shadow contours caused by the lights, directly separates the boundaries of the objects and has an impact on the background noise suppression.

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Chen, Chui Xin, and Yang Hong Mao. "Design and Implementation of Audio Process System Based on DSP." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 1752–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.1752.

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The real-time processing for the input analog audio signal, audio processing program is proposed based on DSP. The system use FFT algorithm as the core, first, the input analog audio signal is sampled and A/D conversion using TLV320AIC23, and then use high speed digital signal processor to make real-time processing for the signal. Theoretical and experimental results show that the system can meet the design requirements, it has the advantage of high real-time and simple structure. The system has a good application and reference value for the development and design of data collecting and remote monitoring.

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Yildirim, Melih, and Firat Kacar. "Adapting Laplacian based filtering in digital image processing to a retina-inspired analog image processing circuit." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 100, no. 3 (2019): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-019-01481-3.

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Zhukov, A. O., V. P. Sgibnev, E. V. Okunev, et al. "Bandpass Discrete Analog Filter." Nano- i Mikrosistemnaya Tehnika 26, no. 6 (2024): 289–96. https://doi.org/10.17587/nmst.26.289-296.

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The problem of ensuring the stable functioning of radio engineering systems in conditions of natural and intentional interference, as well as in the conditions of the use of electronic warfare means, is currently one of the urgent tasks. Frequency filtering is one of the main methods of ensuring the required signal-to-noise ratio under these conditions and is one of the most common signal processing operations and can be implemented in both analog and digital form. This article presents an approach to solving the problem of extremely high requirements for the dynamic range of input analog-to-digital converters in digital processing. It is proposed to solve this problem by using pre-frequency filtering in the analog path before converting the input signal to digital. The hardware implementation of such frequency selectors is based on filters with in-ductive-capacitive elements implemented on discrete, strip or waveguide elements, depending on the frequency range. Quartz, piezoceramic, and electromechanical filters are also used, which can provide very high frequency selectivity, but at fixed frequencies. An analysis of existing methods and devices for analog frequency filtering shows that there are options that have high frequency selectivity, but do not provide frequency tuning. Tunable filters have significantly less selectivity and, as a rule, do not retain their parameters in the tuning range. In connection with this, the development and creation of highly selective tunable bandpass analog filters with highly stable characteristics seems promising and relevant. In the proposed version of the bandpass discrete analog filter (BDAF), signal processing is also carried out in the time domain, but is fundamentally different from filters with switched capacitors both in construction and in characteristics. The filter consists of input and output analog switches, N identical low-pass filters (LPF), a clock generator and a switch control circuit. The frequency of the clock generator signal determines the tuning frequency of the BDAF. In this case, the period of connection of the inputs and outputs of each of the N low-pass filters to the input and output of the BDAF must be equal to the period of the BDAF tuning frequency. Based on the proposed approaches and principles of construction and operation of the filter, a filter circuit has been developed and timing diagrams of signals at different points of the filter are presented. The results of the analysis of filter characteristics obtained by computer modeling and prototyping are presented.

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Wang, Zongbo, Oleg A. Krasnov, Galina P. Babur, Leo P. Ligthart, and Fred van der Zwan. "Reconfigurable digital receiver design and application for instantaneous polarimetric measurement." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 3, no. 3 (2011): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175907871100033x.

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This paper presents the development of a reconfigurable receiver to undertake challenging signal processing tasks for a novel polarimetric radar system. The field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)-based digital receiver samples incoming signals at intermediate frequency (IF) and processes signals digitally instead of using conventional analog approaches. It offers more robust system stability and avoids unnecessary multichannel calibrations of analog circuits for a full polarimetric radar. Two kinds of dual-orthogonal signals together with corresponding processing algorithms have been investigated; the digital implementation architectures for all algorithms are then presented. Processing algorithms implemented in FPGA chips can be reconfigured adaptively regarding to different transmitted waveforms without modification of hardware. The successful development of such reconfigurable receiver extends our radar capacity and thus yields tremendous experimental flexibility for atmospheric remote sensing and polarimetric studies of ground-based targets.

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Gu, Xiaoxiao, Jinyan Qi, Wence Zhang, Xianglan Dong, Xu Bao, and Jing Xia. "Optimal Design of Interleaved Subconnected Hybrid Structure for mmWave Massive MIMO Systems." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (September 13, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5932553.

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Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems based on millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology commonly utilize a combination of hybrid analog and digital signal processing to reduce the number of radiofrequency (RF) chains, cutting down the hardware costs and power consumption. The subconnected structure is one of the architectures that realize hybrid analog and digital processing, in which each RF chain is connected to a subset of antennas through phase shifters so as to reduce the implementation complexity. In this paper, we investigate the best subconnected structure design for mmWave massive MIMO systems. First, we formulate the optimization problem based on a simplified connection model. Next, we derive a suboptimal solution in closed form by leveraging the mmWave channel characteristics and discuss the impact of different connection parameters on the spectral efficiency. The spectral efficiency is closely related to the structure of the analog processing and the interantenna spacing. When the interantenna spacing is an even a multiple of half wavelength, the localized structure, i.e., i = 1 achieves the maximum spectral efficiency. When the interantenna spacing is an odd multiple of half wavelength and the analog processing is accomplished by i = 2 interleaved structure, the best performance is obtained. Numerical results demonstrate the correctness of the theoretical analysis.

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Wang, Wen, Jie Qiong Li, Han Yang Qiu, and Zheng Lei Wang. "Portable Digital Liquid Density Measurement System Based on AT89C52." Applied Mechanics and Materials 530-531 (February 2014): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.530-531.233.

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A portable digital liquid density measurement system was designed. According to Archimedes principle that a sinkers buoyant force in some liquid is related with liquid density, the system proposed converted analog signal of a pressure sensor into digital signal which can be processed by AT89C52 microcontroller using ADHX711 with high accuracy. Temperature calibration was considered in data processing, which made it possible to accurately measure liquid density at different temperatures. Experiment results show that the method proposed is superior to traditional methods.

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Yao, Y., J. Zhang, Y. Liu, et al. "Development of a multifunctional real-time data processing system for interferometers on EAST." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 11 (2023): C11013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/11/c11013.

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Abstract In the latest campaign of EAST experiments, two new interferometers were installed, a dispersion interferometer (DI) based on a Carbon Dioxide laser and a solid source interferometer (SSI) based on microwave multiplier sources. To make them available for the Plasma Control System (PCS) system, each of them needs to be provided with a real-time processing system to extract the detector output signal and afterward obtain the electron density information through signal processing. To obtain interferometer data quickly and reliably, a unified hardware template was applied to both interferometers. Three main parts are included in this hardware template — digitization, digital signal processing, and output modules. In particular, the digitization section uses a multi-channel Analog-to-Digital Convertor (ADC) to acquire the signals that need to be calculated. The digital signal processing part is implemented by an FPGA, which is the hardware basis of this multifunctional template that can be used for multiple interferometers. This section includes two main parts, wrapped density signal extraction and signal unwrapping. For DI it is a phase calculation based on the intensity ratio, while for SSI it is a phase calculation by means of FFT or phase demodulation. Both computational approaches form independent IP cores to build systems quickly, while these IP cores provide parameter interfaces to adapt to different application scenarios. The output module provides a variety of data transmission methods, including fiber optic transmission and Digital-Analog-Convertor (DAC) based analog transmission, to interface with PCS or other subsequent systems. This data processing system template has been applied to each of the above two interferometers and valid data were obtained in a recent EAST experiment campaign. It demonstrates the usefulness of the template and provides a reference for the design of data processing systems on future devices.

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Delgadillo Bonequi, Ian, Abraham Stroschein, and Lucas J. Koerner. "A field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based data acquisition system for closed-loop experiments." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 11 (2022): 114712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0121898.

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We describe a custom and open source field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based data acquisition (DAQ) system developed for electrophysiology and generally useful for closed-loop feedback experiments. FPGA acquisition and processing are combined with high-speed analog and digital converters to enable real-time feedback. The digital approach eases experimental setup and repeatability by allowing for system identification and in situ tuning of filter bandwidths. The FPGA system includes I2C and serial peripheral interface controllers, 1 GiB dynamic RAM for data buffering, and a USB3 interface to Python software. The DAQ system uses common HDMI connectors to support daughtercards that can be customized for a given experiment to make the system modular and expandable. The FPGA-based digital signal processing (DSP) is used to generate fourth-order digital infinite impulse response filters and feedback with microsecond latency. The FPGA-based DSP and an analog inner-loop are demonstrated via an experiment that rapidly steps the voltage of a capacitor isolated from the system by a considerable resistance using a feedback approach that adjusts the driving voltage based on the digitized capacitor current.

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Lin, Hsiung-Cheng, and Zong-You Chen. "Digitizing Low-Frequency Analog Control Circuit Using Bilinear Function Algorithm." Electronics 14, no. 2 (2025): 273. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14020273.

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In the past, low-frequency analog control circuits were largely used in analog control systems. With the rapid development of modern digital electronic technology, the digitization of traditional low-frequency analog control circuits while retaining the same functions as the original analog control systems has become an important trend in the field of electronic design. For this reason, this study aimed to develop an analog signal digitization model for control signals at a low frequency below 10 Hz. In terms of signal receiving and transmission requirements, the proposed model is configured with analog-to-digital converter (ADC), digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and pulse width modulation (PWM) functions. In the development environment, the input and output signals are first normalized and processed with PWM, enabling the digital signal processor to deal with analog signal receiving, processing, and external transmission. To replace the existing compensator in analog circuits, a digital compensator is used in the digital signal processor. Based on the bilinear function in MATLAB software, the parameter values demanded for the digital compensator can thus be obtained, achieving the automatic calculation of bilinear transformation in the system. Multisim simulation is then used to simulate analog circuit systems for comparison with the digitized outcomes. The experimental results reveal that the performance of the designed digital control circuit matches the simulation outcomes in both Bode gain (dB) and phase responses when the signal frequency is below 10 Hz. The effectiveness of the digitized analog control circuit for low-frequency control signals is therefore confirmed.

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Li, Wen Hua, and Yu Ling Du. "Based on Fluid Digital Transmission and Control Theory on Application of Digital Hydraulic Valve." Advanced Materials Research 619 (December 2012): 455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.619.455.

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A digital hydraulic valve is a new control theory and method, it is through the electronic control unit installed in a conventional valve, and integrated processing, the formation of a wide variety of digital valve，By the digital-to-analog conversion element is directly connected with the computer. Using the computer output pulse number and frequency to control electro hydraulic system pressure and measurement. The system proposed can make the hydraulic system has the advantages of high efficiency, high speed, high reliability. And used Matlab/Simulink software to control system performance simulation analysis, experiment and simulation results show that, this system has great application prospect and practical value.

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Wang, Youren, Zhiqiang Zhang, and Jiang Cui. "The Architecture and Circuital Implementation Scheme of a New Cell Neural Network for Analog Signal Processing." JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science 13, no. (9) (2007): 1344–53. https://doi.org/10.3217/jucs-013-09-1344.

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It is a difficult problem that using cellular neural network to make up of analog signal processing circuit. This paper presented the architecture of new cellular neural network SCCNN for analog signal processing circuits, designed the neural cell circuit, and developed the evolutionary design method of the SCCNN based on selfadapting genetic algorithm. In the architecture of new cellular neural network SCCNN, each neural cell connects with four neighborhood neural cells, the neural cell circuit and signal transfer line between neural cells are controlled by programmable switches. The validity of the SCCNN architecture and the evolutionary design method are verified through digital simulation. The experimental results indicate that the SCCNN hardware is a universal cellular neural network for analog signal processing circuit, which can be used to make up of the analog signal amplifier, analog signal filter, digit logic circuit, DAC circuit and so on.

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Ksenofontov, D. G., and V. N. Kostin. "Implementation of digital methods to analyze eddy-current signals based on the E14-440 module." Diagnostics, Resource and Mechanics of materials and structures, no. 6 (December 2021): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17804/2410-9908.2021.6.032-036.

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Nondestructive testing methods utilize various sensors, and different signal types require different processing methods. Digital implementation of signal processing methods can expand the variety of methods implemented by one system. An eddy-current test system based on the E14-440 module has been developed. Quadrature amplitude demodulation and fast Fourier transformation are implemented to analyze the signal. The amplitude, phase, and complex parts of the signal are calculated. It is shown that both methods are applicable and allow elimination of some analog circuits. However, digital signal processing significantly depends on conversion rates and synchronization between generation and pickup of the signal.

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Spector, Steven, and Cheryl Sorace-Agaskar. "Silicon photonics devices for integrated analog signal processing and sampling." Nanophotonics 3, no. 4-5 (2014): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2013-0036.

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AbstractSilicon photonics offers the possibility of a reduction in size weight and power for many optical systems, and could open up the ability to build optical systems with complexities that would otherwise be impossible to achieve. Silicon photonics is an emerging technology that has already been inserted into commercial communication products. This technology has also been applied to analog signal processing applications. MIT Lincoln Laboratory in collaboration with groups at MIT has developed a toolkit of silicon photonic devices with a focus on the needs of analog systems. This toolkit includes low-loss waveguides, a high-speed modulator, ring resonator based filter bank, and all-silicon photodiodes. The components are integrated together for a hybrid photonic and electronic analog-to-digital converter. The development and performance of these devices will be discussed. Additionally, the linear performance of these devices, which is important for analog systems, is also investigated.

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Shchanikov, Sergey, Ilya Bordanov, Alexey Kucherik, Evgeny Gryaznov, and Alexey Mikhaylov. "Neuromorphic Analog Machine Vision Enabled by Nanoelectronic Memristive Devices." Applied Sciences 13, no. 24 (2023): 13309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132413309.

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Arrays of memristive devices coupled with photosensors can be used for capturing and processing visual information, thereby realizing the concept of “in-sensor computing”. This is a promising concept associated with the development of compact and low-power machine vision devices, which is crucial important for bionic prostheses of eyes, on-board image recognition systems for unmanned vehicles, computer vision in robotics, etc. This concept can be applied for the creation of a memristor based neuromorphic analog machine vision systems, and here, we propose a new architecture for these systems in which captured visual data are fed to a spiking artificial neural network (SNN) based on memristive devices without analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversions. Such an approach opens up the opportunities of creating more compact, energy-efficient visual processing units for wearable, on-board, and embedded electronics for such areas as robotics, the Internet of Things, and neuroprosthetics, as well as other practical applications in the field of artificial intelligence.

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Rakhimov, B., A. Babajanova, and A. Berdiyev. "MODULE FOR SIMULTANEOUS PROCESSING OF DATA FROM MULTI-CHANNEL SENSORS." POLISH JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, no. 55 (October 19, 2022): 26–29. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7223701.

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This article presents methods of digital systems processing data from various sensors or sources, synchronization system and algorithm based on the program developed for data processing in the system. Methods of high-speed data processing in systems with multi-channel analog and digital sensors are analyzed. In a digital system, it has been investigated whether data from multi-channel sensors can be delayed in time t or cause errors in calculation due to the time taken for measurement. In order to eliminate the errors of data obtained from multichannel sensors, a method and model of synchronous processing were developed.

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Wang, Hong Liang, Hai Rui Wang, and Hai Fei Ding. "Design of Data Acquisition and Storage System for Digital and Analog Signal Based on FPGA." Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (December 2012): 955–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.955.

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This paper mainly introduces a FPGA-based data acquisition system which is designed to acquire multi-channel analog signal and one channel digital signal. Analog data and digital data are stored into a FLASH memory in a mixed frame format. When the acquisition finished, the data in the FLASH was read out via the LVDS communication interface to a data-read device, and the host computer receives the data through the USB bus, so the subsequent data processing and analysis can be accomplished and the information we needed can be got. The design is applied successfully to a remote measurement system, and the data acquired is reliable and precise.

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Zia, Ehsan, Ebrahim Farshidi, and Abdolnabi Kosarian. "A Split-Based Digital Background Calibration of Pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converters by Cubic Spline Interpolation Filtering." Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing 38, no. 10 (2019): 4799–816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00034-019-01090-5.

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Silva-Rivas, F., C. Y. Lu, P. Kode, B. K. Thandri, and J. Silva-Martinez. "Digital based calibration technique for continuous-time bandpass sigma-delta analog-to-digital converters." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 59, no. 1 (2008): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-008-9240-3.

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Mohammed, Raya Kahtan, and Hamsa Abdulkareem Abdullah. "Implementation of digital and analog modulation systems using FPGA." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 18, no. 1 (2020): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i1.pp485-493.

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<p><span>FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) based implementations of digital and analog modulation techniques play a vital rule in the design of signal processing system. The performance and flexibility provided by reconfigurable computing speeds up the development process in signal processing implementations using FPGA. Different methods for digital and analog modulation are designed in this paper by usinSg System Generator tools &amp; Vivado. Then all designed systems are implemented successfully in an FPGA hardware via the NEXYS 4 DDR with ARTIX 7 XC7A100T. A comparison between five types of digital modulation techniques is discussed in terms of resources utilization in FPGA hardware. And also, the implementation of analog modulations in FPGA is contributed in this work. The hardware implementation shows that the number of slice LUTs in ASK modulation is 0.07% while in FSK modulation is 0.13% of the total number of slice LUTs. And also, the number of bounded IO that used for PSK modulation is 4.8% while in PM modulation is 61.4% of the total number bounded IO.</span></p>

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Raya., K. Mohammed, and A. Abdullah Hamsa. "Implementation of digital and analog modulation systems using FPGA." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (IJEECS) 18, no. 1 (2020): 485–93. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i1.pp485-493.

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FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) based implementations of digital and analog modulation techniques play a vital rule in the design of signal processing system. The performance and flexibility provided by reconfigurable computing speeds up the development process in signal processing implementations using FPGA. Different methods for digital and analog modulation are designed in this paper by usinSg System Generator tools & Vivado. Then all designed systems are implemented successfully in an FPGA hardware via the NEXYS 4 DDR with ARTIX 7 XC7A100T. A comparison between five types of digital modulation techniques is discussed in terms of resources utilization in FPGA hardware. And also, the implementation of analog modulations in FPGA is contributed in this work. The hardware implementation shows that the number of slice LUTs in ASK modulation is 0.07% while in FSK modulation is 0.13% of the total number of slice LUTs. And also, the number of bounded IO that used for PSK modulation is 4.8% while in PM modulation is 61.4% of the total number bounded IO.

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Cheng, Kaiyang, Yuancheng Fan, Weixuan Zhang, Yubin Gong, Shen Fei, and Hongqiang Li. "Optical Realization of Wave-Based Analog Computing with Metamaterials." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (2020): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010141.

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Recently, the study of analog optical computing raised renewed interest due to its natural advantages of parallel, high speed and low energy consumption over conventional digital counterpart, particularly in applications of big data and high-throughput image processing. The emergence of metamaterials or metasurfaces in the last decades offered unprecedented opportunities to arbitrarily manipulate the light waves within subwavelength scale. Metamaterials and metasurfaces with freely controlled optical properties have accelerated the progress of wave-based analog computing and are emerging as a practical, easy-integration platform for optical analog computing. In this review, the recent progress of metamaterial-based spatial analog optical computing is briefly reviewed. We first survey the implementation of classical mathematical operations followed by two fundamental approaches (metasurface approach and Green’s function approach). Then, we discuss recent developments based on different physical mechanisms and the classical optical simulating of quantum algorithms are investigated, which may lead to a new way for high-efficiency signal processing by exploiting quantum behaviors. The challenges and future opportunities in the booming research field are discussed.

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Tang, Zhi Wei, and Xi Xuan Wu. "One Intelligent Video Surveillance System Based on DM642." Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (April 2011): 392–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.392.

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This article introduces an intelligent surveillance distributed system based on TMS320DM642. The system platform has many functions, such as OSD (on screen display), analog video output, digital video output, Hard Disk, Ethernet and so on. DM64. User can set the rules via the management software. The video input from analog cameras and IP cameras can be processed by DM642 according to the rules. If any event happens which acts against the rules, alarm will be given. The system provides immediate, accurate and intelligent services for users. In order to realize the complex image processing algorithms on DM642, we optimize the algorithms based on DSP and propose a series of rapid image processing algorithms. The design of the project puts the emphasis on the feasibility of distributed high-performance processing from both hardware and software aspects, which may be easily applied to other large scale or hard real-time intelligent information processing.

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Tychuk, Ruslan B., та Sergii D. Petrovych. "ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ПРОГРАМ-ЕМУЛЯТОРІВ У НАВЧАННІ ФІЗИКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ТЕХНІКІВ ПРОГРАМІСТІВ". Information Technologies and Learning Tools 56, № 6 (2016): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v56i6.1505.

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A modern gauge has been fused with digital and processor means of managing and processing information. Digital-to-analog (DACs) and analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are widely used in various fields of modern science and technology. It is proposed to use the computer on the physics lessons and related subjects as the universal electric measuring device, which is based on using ADC and DAC audio adapter with an emphasis on the use of elements, means and principles of programming in its software. The study considers two aspects: methodology of teaching physics, gaining the professional competencies by engineer-programmers.

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Shi, Weiwei, Jinyong Zhang, Zhiguo Zhang, Lizhi Hu, and Yongqian Su. "An introduction and review on innovative silicon implementations of implantable/scalp EEG chips for data acquisition, seizure/behavior detection, and brain stimulation." Brain Science Advances 6, no. 3 (2020): 242–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26599/bsa.2020.9050024.

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Technological advances in the semiconductor industry and the increasing demand and development of wearable medical systems have enabled the development of dedicated chips for complex electroencephalogram (EEG) signal processing with smart functions and artificial intelligence‐based detections/classifications. Around 10 million transistors are integrated into a 1 mm2 silicon wafer surface in the dedicated chip, making wearable EEG systems a powerful dedicated processor instead of a wireless raw data transceiver. The reduction of amplifiers and analog‐digital converters on the silicon surface makes it possible to place the analog front‐end circuits within a tiny packaged chip; therefore, enabling high‐count EEG acquisition channels. This article introduces and reviews the state‐of‐the‐art dedicated chip designs for EEG processing, particularly for wearable systems. Furthermore, the analog circuits and digital platforms are included, and the technical details of circuit topology and logic architecture are presented in detail.

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Wang, Di, Jia Jun Zhou, Song Chen, Ying Yao, Liang Yin, and Xiao Wei Liu. "Design of the Digital in Signal Processing Platform of the Gyroscope Based on FPGA." Key Engineering Materials 609-610 (April 2014): 903–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.609-610.903.

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Gyroscope is a sensor thatmeasure angular velocity which is widely used in various fields [1]. The analogprocessing technology of Gyro-signal is very mature, but due to the noise andother shortcomings of the analog circuit, the development of micro-mechanical gyroscopeis limited. Digital gyroscope has superior performance and accuracy, so thesignal processing of gyroscope will take digital methods [2]. This paper designsa platform for the digital signal processing of Silicon gyroscope. By using FPGAextend A / D and D / A interface method implement the signals from outside inputto output, build a digital signal processing platform of the minimum system,then design the overall digital signal of the hardware part and the controlsection of the software part, synthesis the designed platform which doesn’tdepend on crafts use the Xilinx Synthesis tool and gave the synthesizedresults, verify the correctness of the design eventually.

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Grechishnikov, V. M., O. V. Teryaeva, and A. E. Kapiturov. "MULTICHANNEL FIBER-OPTIC CONVERTERS FOR MONITORING THRESHOLD VALUES OF PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF PRODUCTS." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 323 (May 2025): 62–68. https://doi.org/10.14489/td.2025.05.pp.062-068.

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The article is devoted to the development of multisensor fiber-optic converters for monitoring threshold values of physical parameters of industrial and social objects. The principles of interaction of the sensitive elements of the proposed converters with the objects of control using kinematic, magnetic and thermal effects are formulated. The designs of multisensor converters based on fiber-optic digital-to-analog converters with parallel and serial structural schemes are considered. Mathematical models of converters are proposed and algorithms for digital information processing in the electronic unit of converters are analyzed. A comparative analysis of the proposed converters and their analogs is given according to the criteria of energy efficiency, simplicity and availability of the electronic element base, as well as technical and economic indicators. It has been established that the proposed converters, depending on the type of fiber-optic digital-to-analog converter, provide information capacity at the level of 3…5 bits. The directions of development of the converters of the considered class, associated with the increase in their information capacity, are substantiated.

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Wang, Wei Hua. "The Design and Implementation of a Video Image Acquisition System Based on VFW." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 3787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.3787.

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Along with the development of technologies on computer, electronic and communication, there are more and more applications of digital image acquisition and processing technology used in computer and portable systems, such as videophone, digital cameras, digital television, video monitoring, camera phones and video conferencing etc. Digitized image makes image digital transmit with high quality, which facilitates image retrieval, analysis, processing and storage. In applications such as video conferencing, it is a crucial premise to capture videos. So, in this paper, we mainly introduce the video capture technology by exploiting the VFM video services library developed by Microsoft. Software based on VFW can directly capture digital videos or digitize the traditional analog videos and then clipping them.

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Efendi, Maskur, and Eko Setyawan. "Innovative Transformation of Analog to Digital Direct Shear Test Tool Based on Microcontroller with Wireless Data Acquisition System." G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan 9, no. 1 (2025): 220–28. https://doi.org/10.70609/gtech.v9i1.6051.

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Direct Shear Test (DST) is an important method for measuring soil shear strength in civil engineering applications. However, analog DST tools have limitations, such as low accuracy, low efficiency, and the need for manual data processing. This study aims to convert analog DST tools into digital ones using Arduino UNO R4 WiFi-based microcontroller technology and a wireless data acquisition system. This innovation replaces analog dial indicators with digital dial indicators to record shear force and horizontal displacement data automatically and in real-time. This system is designed to generate automatic test reports in the form of tables, graphs, and soil parameters, such as cohesion and angle of internal friction. The results show an accuracy rate of up to 90% compared to test results with commercial digital DST, better operational efficiency with only one operator, and a 30% reduction in testing time compared to using analog DST. With an implementation cost of less than 10% of commercial digital DST, this solution offers affordable modern testing technology for laboratories with limited budgets. This article discusses the technical design, hardware implementation, software development, and performance analysis of the resulting tool.

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