Journal articles: 'Digital multimeters'

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Karataev, S. S., and A. I. Borisov. "Modern structure and innovative efficiency of special equipment for analyzing semiconductor devices." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2373, no. 7 (December 1, 2022): 072036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2373/7/072036.

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Abstract The multimeter is a sophisticated electronic measuring device that combines several functions: voltmeter, ammeter and ohmmeter. It measures DC and AC voltage, DC and AC current, resistance, capacitance, frequency, transistor gain, diode checks and wire-check connections. The multimeter also features automatic polarity reversal. Digital multimeters range from 2.5 digits (simple devices) to 3.5 digits (most devices). Slightly more expensive instruments with 4.5, 5 and higher digits are also available. The digit capacity “3.5”, for example, means that the display of the device shows 3 full digits, with a range of 0 to 9, and 1 digit with a limited range, i.e., the device can give readings in the range of 0.000 to 1.999; if the measured value is outside these limits, a changeover to another range is required. Many multimeters now have other functions available. This paper is relevant and can be useful because the multimeter is a lightweight, portable device that is convenient for basic measurements and troubleshooting in hard-to-reach places, as well as being a sophisticated stationary device with many features. Multimeter (from multimeter, tester from test, Avometer from AmperVoltOhmMeter) is a combined electrical measuring device that combines several functions. In the minimum set is a voltmeter, ammeter and ohmmeter. Sometimes a multimeter is performed in the form of current clamps. There are digital and analog multimeters. device multimeter computing technique.

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&NA;. "Impedance Converter for Digital Multimeters Now Available from Ohmic Instruments." Journal of Clinical Engineering 17, no. 1 (January 1992): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004669-199201000-00010.

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Velychko, Oleh, and Tatiana Gordiyenko. "Comparative research of quality indicators of measuring instruments: practical aspects." Ukrainian Metrological Journal, no. 3 (October 5, 2021): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24027/2306-7039.3.2021.241620.

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The main purpose of modern measuring instrument MI is to perform accurate and reliable measurements in order to obtain complete and reliable measurement information. The MI must be of proper quality, which must be reliably assessed. For technical means, traditional quality indicators have been established, some of which are common to MI. The metrological characteristic is unique to a MI and can be considered one of the most important of MI indicators. The quality of MI is characterized by a certain system of quality indicators. Depending on MI group, the system of quality indicators can differ. The target indicators are specific for each type of product. These indicators require additional analysis. The main metrological characteristics should be referred to the target indicators of MI. For some MI categories, additional indicators can be established, and for others, they are excluded. The methodology of evaluation of MI quality indicators and algorithm of its realization are offered. The digital multimeters as category of MI have been selected for practical comparative evaluation of MI quality indicators. The ten indicators for this category of MI have been refined. Comparative expert evaluation of quality indicators of 12 multimeters was carried out with the involvement of a group of 34 metrology experts. The weight of each of the 10 selected MI quality indicators was determined. The results of expert evaluation of multimeter are presented.

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Grzeczka, Grzegorz, and Maciej Klebba. "Automated Calibration System for Digital Multimeters Not Equipped with a Communication Interface." Sensors 20, no. 13 (June 29, 2020): 3650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20133650.

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This article is focused on the calibration of digital multimeters, in which the concept and practical solutions for stations with software for automatic calibration are presented. This paper also presents the general structure of the measuring system, the application scheme, and the technical implementation of measuring stations, together with the software.

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Costa, Marcelo Melo da, and Thiago Brito Pereira de Souza. "Strategy for traceability in electrical calibration laboratories using precision digital multimeters." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1826, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 012099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1826/1/012099.

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Demerdžiev, Kiril. "UNCERTAINTY BUDGET EVALUATION PRINCIPLE IN HIGH AND LOW RESOLUTION DIGITAL MULTIMETERS CALIBRATIONS47." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies 4, no. 1-2 (2019): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.51466/jeeit1941-205d.

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Demerdžiev, Kiril. "UNCERTAINTY BUDGET EVALUATION PRINCIPLE IN HIGH AND LOW RESOLUTION DIGITAL MULTIMETERS CALIBRATIONS47." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies 4, no. 1-2 (2019): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.51466/jeeit1941-205d.

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Stadnik, V. V., and V. N. Chinkov. "Microprocessor multimeters based on digital processing of the instantaneous values of signals." Measurement Techniques 38, no. 9 (September 1995): 1039–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00979087.

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Chen, Yung-Sheng, and Jeng-Yau Wang. "Computer Vision-Based Approach for Reading Analog Multimeter." Applied Sciences 8, no. 8 (July 31, 2018): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8081268.

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Multimeters are useful instruments for measuring electronic parameters. Even though the digital multimeter is commonly used in our daily life under the considerations of precision and cost, the analog multimeter is still preferable in many applications due to its easy use to monitor promptly varying values. However, the reading of analog multimeters (or A-meter) usually relies on human eyes with two obvious drawbacks of inefficiency and easy fatigue, while visual inspection onto an A-meter is needed for a long period of time. From the viewpoint of optical sensor application, computer vision, like human eyes, can also be used to sense stimuli from the real world. Therefore, in this paper, an approach of reading an A-meter based on a computer vision technique is proposed. Reading an A-meter relies on information from the arrow on the function selector and the pointer on the instrument meter; the presented method is thus mainly composed of horizontal alignment of the A-meter, detection of the instrument meter region, angle detection of the selector arrow, and angle detection of the pointer. In addition, the schemes of edge-based geometric matching (EGM) and pyramidal gradient matching (PGM) are adopted to detect the regions of interest. The mapping relationship between the function selector and the selector arrow as well as that between the instrument meter and the pointer are built and formulated to finally read the A-meter. The often used scenarios for reading AC voltage, DC voltage, and DC current as well as resistance are used for experiments and evaluations. The experimental results show that the accuracy of detecting the function selected is 100%, the mean accuracy of reading a value from the A-meter is 95% or above, except for some cases of reading resistance that are affected by the so-called little-change-large-multiplier effect. The proposed method can perform very well as long as the mean intensity is ≥7.5. Based on a suitable modification of the proposed method, an application of monitoring a storage level meter and pressure meter installed on a 15 m3 liquid nitrogen (LN2) tank is demonstrated. Our experiments and demonstrations confirm the feasibility of the proposed approach.

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Falka, Rachmat Firdaus, and Yahya Bahar. "Pengukuran Nilai Selisih Error Tegangan Keluaran Catu Daya DC dengan Menggunakan Multimeter Digital dan Multimeter Analog pada Praktikum Laboratorium Dasar Elektronika dan Rangkaian Listrik Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Sriwijaya." Jurnal Pengelolaan Laboratorium Pendidikan 4, no. 2 (June 14, 2022): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jplp.4.2.48-56.

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The power supply as a voltage source with a DC (Direct Current) output voltage or direct current is often used for electronic equipment, both office equipment and household equipment (Imam Saukani, 2020). In using the power supply, the output voltage is selected and high accuracy is required to obtain the output voltage that suits the user's needs. Often times, the power supply used in the practicum does not produce the right output voltage. The purpose of this study is to determine the value of the difference in the output voltage error generated after first determining the voltage value to be used at no-load using a digital multimeter and an analog multimeter as a comparison. After measuring the output voltage of the power supply, the correct voltage value is obtained in each practicum, measurements made at the same time can give definite results of the value of the output voltage of the power supply, the relatively small difference in results ensures that the power supply is in good condition, the output voltage of the power supply is measured using the measuring instrument with repeated measurements 7 (seven) times at each predetermined voltage and obtained a difference of 0.01V – 0.02V. After taking measurements using digital and analog multimeters, it can be concluded that measurements made before the practicum by measuring the output voltage of the power supply can help get the correct voltage value in each practicum, measurements by comparing measuring instruments at the same time can provide definite results of the resulting voltage value by the power supply, the difference in the results obtained is relatively small so as to ensure that the power supply is in good condition, the power supply can be used on loads or electronic equipment that requires a DC voltage source (Genta Subni Ananda Putra, et al, 2020). Practicum can be done well by measuring the output voltage of the power supply. This difference in output voltage results is what the author uses as research material for scientific writing which aims to find solutions to existing errors.

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Drapalyuk, Mikhail, Leonid Bukhtoyarov, and Anastasiya Prokudina. "RESULTS OF THE STUDIES OF BRANCH CUTTING PROCESS USING A ROTOR WITH ARTICULATED AND RIGIDLY INSTALLED BLADES." Forestry Engineering Journal 12, no. 2 (July 5, 2022): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.2/7.

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An important technological operation in the care of forest crops is mechanized cutting of branches of unwanted vegetation. The working bodies used for cutting differ in design and energy costs for the cutting process. It is necessary to develop a methodology and conduct experimental studies of the process of cutting branches to select the working bodies to the greatest extent corresponding to the object of cutting. At present, systems based on strain gauges are widely used for the experimental study of machine parameters. However, along with them, digital interface is increasingly being introduced into measuring instruments such as oscilloscopes and multimeters. When studying the process of cutting branches with a rotor driven by an electric motor, the cutting resistance forces will create a torque on the shaft, which will lead to a change in the consumed current. The change in current strength can be measured with a multimeter, which enables to set the power indicators of the cutting process for the investigated rotors. In the work, a 3D model of rotors with rigidly mounted and hinged blades was developed using reverse engineering with the help of Solidworks CAD. The main geometric and mass characteristics of the rotors have been determined. The principle of connecting the measuring equipment (UNI-T 61E multimeter and shunt 75SHIP1-5-0.5) for measuring the cutting power of branches has been developed. Experimental studies have been carried out and differences in the power indicators of cutting for two types of working bodies have been established

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Adi, Fitra Purnama, Khairudin Khairudin, and Lukmanul Hakim. "Photovoltaic Emulator Berbasis Embedded System pada Jaringan Listirk Cerdas." Electrician 13, no. 2 (June 11, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/elc.v13n2.2104.

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Intisari — Photovoltaic Emulator merupakan alat yang dirancang untuk meniru karakteristik tegangan dan arus keluaran dari pembangkit listrik tenaga surya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan Photovoltaic Emulator dengan menggunakan rangkaian elektronika daya dengan pemrograman pemodelan panel surya. Penyinaran mataharai dan suhu harian digantikan mikrokontroler dengan chip ATMega 328P sebagai komponen pengendali dan pemantau. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, Photovoltaic Emulator yang dibuat dalam studi ini terbukti dapat meniru karakteristik tegangan dan arus keluaran dari panel surya dengan masukan irradiance dan suhu harian pada suatu daerah.Pengukuran menggunakan sensor arus dengan rata-rata galat senilai 2.601 % dan sensor tegangan dengan rata-rata galat senilai 1,971% dibandingkan dengan pengukuran multimeter. Persentase kemiripan karakteristik keluaran Photovoltaic Emulator dengan panel surya yang ditiru yaitu 95.13%. Setiap data disimpan berdasarkan waktu pada secure digital card melalui datalogger.Kata kunci — Photovoltaic Emulator, Smart Grid, Embedded System. Abstract — Photovoltaic Emulator is a device designed for emulating voltage and current output characteristics of a solar panel. The purposes of this research are to design and to develop a Photovoltaic Emulator based on power electronic components and solar panel modeling software. The solar radiation as well as daily temperature were represented by a microcontroller with 328P ATMega chip as a controlling and monitoring component. From experiment results, the emulator is able to mimic voltage and current characteristics of the solar panel based on the irradiance and daily temperature in a certain area.The error measurement of the voltage and current sensor are 1.971% and 2.601% respectively compared to the multimeters. The similarity of Photovoltaic Emulator output characteristics with solar panels is 95.13%. Each data was stored based on time in the secure digital card through data logger.Keywords — Photovoltaic Emulator, Smart Grid, Embedded System

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Castillo, Edison R., Catherine D. Samson, Glenn N. Ortiz, and Mark Joseph B. Enojas. "14-bit ADC as voltage monitoring device for power supply module 6 using I2C interface." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 23, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i2.pp709-716.

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<p>Thereare recorded downtime in the current testing processes of microelectronic packages. The available test equipment, the isolation of the power supply modules and the processes of testing must be changed in order to minimize the downtime. This study presents the design and development of a voltage monitoring device made of a 14-bit analog to digital converter (ADC) interfaced through inter-integrated circuit (I2C) for power supply module 6 (PS6). It is built to address the downtime in isolation and testing process of PS6. This setup is able to monitor and display three output voltages operating in 4-12V signals through athin film transistor (TFT) monitor. Tests were conducted for the nominal voltage and current setting scalled the three-point tests. In result, the fault detection and calibration process of PS6 are able to minimize downtimes. The developed voltage monitoring device has an acceptable percentage of 0.04572% which also canbe a replacement for digital multimeters (DMMs) for specific applications to PS6.</p>

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C., Ezugu L., Philip S, and Isaac J. I. "Tools and Equipment Utilization in Radio Television and Global System Mobile Servicing In Vocational Training Centres in Gombe State, Nigeria." Journal of Electronics,Computer Networking and Applied Mathematics, no. 31 (January 2, 2023): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jecnam.31.16.26.

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Determining the tools and equipment use in Radio Television and Global System Mobile Servicing at Vocational Centers in Gombe State, Nigeria, was the major goal of the study. The study used a descriptive survey research approach and was carried out in Gombe State, Nigeria. 55 respondents made up the study's population, including 42 teachers and 13 administrators (principals). There was no sampling because the population was of a manageable size, hence the entire population was employed for the study. A structured questionnaire called the "Tools and Equipment Utilization Questionnaire (TEUQ)" was the instrument used to gather the data. The instrument was evaluated by three professionals, and Cronbach Alpha yielded a reliability value of 0.72. The mean statistics were utilized to answer the research questions, and the null hypotheses were tested using a t-test with a 0.05 threshold of significance. Equipment in RTV and GSM servicing trade workshops at the Vocational Training Centers in Gombe State, including workstations, multimeters-digital, multimeters-analog, Booster meters, white lights, various phone panels, Tornados (soft wire boxes), television training modules, probe/logic pulsar, oscilloscopes, pattern generators, picture tube testers, isolation transformers, vector scopes, signal strength meters, black and white television, colored television, and TV. The study also showed that the tools used in the RTV and GSM servicing Trade workshop at the Vocational Training Centers in Gombe State, including (Set of flat Screwdrivers, (large, medium, and small), Asterics, a Set of Allen keys, Set of Star Screwdrivers, Set of Spanners and Soldering Iron) is sufficient. It was suggested that in order for the schools to succeed, the Gombe State Ministry of Education should supply them with the necessary training materials and apparatus. Additionally, the government has to provide all trainers with greater technical training so they can use new technology in the workshop.

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Wang, Hui, Zhengshi Liu, Bin Zhu, and Quanjun Song. "Multiple Harmonics Fitting Algorithms Applied to Periodic Signals Based on Hilbert-Huang Transform." Journal of Sensors 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/580152.

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A new generation of multipurpose measurement equipment is transforming the role of computers in instrumentation. The new features involve mixed devices, such as kinds of sensors, analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters, and digital signal processing techniques, that are able to substitute typical discrete instruments like multimeters and analyzers. Signal-processing applications frequently use least-squares (LS) sine-fitting algorithms. Periodic signals may be interpreted as a sum of sine waves with multiple frequencies: the Fourier series. This paper describes a new sine fitting algorithm that is able to fit a multiharmonic acquired periodic signal. By means of a “sinusoidal wave” whose amplitude and phase are both transient, the “triangular wave” can be reconstructed on the basis of Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT). This method can be used to test effective number of bits (ENOBs) of analog-to-digital converter (ADC), avoiding the trouble of selecting initial value of the parameters and working out the nonlinear equations. The simulation results show that the algorithm is precise and efficient. In the case of enough sampling points, even under the circumstances of low-resolution signal with the harmonic distortion existing, the root mean square (RMS) error between the sampling data of original “triangular wave” and the corresponding points of fitting “sinusoidal wave” is marvelously small. That maybe means, under the circumstances of any periodic signal, that ENOBs of high-resolution ADC can be tested accurately.

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Carotenuto, Gianfranco. "A New Method to Detect Zeolite Breath Sensor Response Based on Low-Power Square-Wave Sources." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 4, no. 10 (October 28, 2019): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.10.1594.

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Low-power A.C. generators of square-wave or sinusoidal signals can be used in combination with impedimetric sensors to detect stimuli on the basis of the voltage drop taking place at the sensor electrodes. When a.c. generators with a power of only a few µ-Watts are used, this approach becomes extremely sensitive. A very low-power generator is the LCD back panel driving signal, which has a flipping polarity with a voltage of 3-5Vpp, depending on the generator model. This type of square-wave generator is contained in many low-cost handheld digital multimeters, and it is used as signal tracer to test, for example, low-frequency amplifiers. As an example, this method has been used to acquire a human breath rate pattern, by using a zeolite-based water sensor. If the generator I-V characteristics has been measured, the achieved breath pattern can be converted from a voltage drop vs. time graph to an impedance or current intensity vs. time graph.

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Carotenuto, Gianfranco. "New Method to Detect Zeolite Breath Sensor Response Based on Low-Power Square-Wave Sources." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 4, no. 10 (October 28, 2019): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2019.4.10.1594.

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Low-power A.C. generators of square-wave or sinusoidal signals can be used in combination with impedimetric sensors to detect stimuli on the basis of the voltage drop taking place at the sensor electrodes. When a.c. generators with a power of only a few µ-Watts are used, this approach becomes extremely sensitive. A very low-power generator is the LCD back panel driving signal, which has a flipping polarity with a voltage of 3-5Vpp, depending on the generator model. This type of square-wave generator is contained in many low-cost handheld digital multimeters, and it is used as signal tracer to test, for example, low-frequency amplifiers. As an example, this method has been used to acquire a human breath rate pattern, by using a zeolite-based water sensor. If the generator I-V characteristics has been measured, the achieved breath pattern can be converted from a voltage drop vs. time graph to an impedance or current intensity vs. time graph.

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Strebkov, Dmitriy S., and Nikolay Yu Bobovnikov. "Research of the Solar Electromagnetic Motor." Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK 3, no. 44 (September 2021): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2021-68-3-71-77.

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The article presents the Mendocino solar engine and the solar unipolar engine and their shortcomings. A new solar electromagnetic engine was introduced. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying the electrical and mechanical characteristics of a solar electromagnetic motor. (Materials and methods) The LED digital switching DC power supply LW-K3010D; magnetic field detector; digital tachometers RPM, TL-900, DT-2234C; digital LED thermometer 1M-50⁓100; digital voltmeter 0.28 Inch Red; multimeters MAS830L, MAS838L, DT-181, HP-4070L; ammeters M4204; energy meter Dudget KIT MT-4014 were used during the study. The experimental method was used. (Results and discussion) Authors experimentally developed several engine designs. With a rotor diameter of 100 millimeters and a voltage of a high-voltage solar photovoltaic module of 110 volts, the power consumption is 0.44 watts, the rotor rotation speed is 750 rpm. The solar electromagnetic motor with a rotor diameter of 250 millimeters and a total rotor weight of one kilogram consumes 1.9 watts and has 100 rpm at free mode. (Conclusions) The article presents the designs of a solar electromagnetic motor in which there are no losses for eddy currents when the rotor rotates in a constant magnetic field of the stator, and the magnetic field of the rotor currents strengthens the magnetic field of the stator. The advantages of the proposed solar electromagnetic motor are high voltage and low currents in the electric windings, low energy consumption and no losses for eddy currents, for shading solar cells and for friction in sliding contacts. The results allow us to conclude the possibility of further development of solar electric machines using neodymium magnets, ionistors, high- voltage solar modules.

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Wilson, Gavin, Jacob Conrad, John Anderson, Andrei Swidinsky, and Jeffrey Shragge. "Developing a low-cost frequency-domain electromagnetic induction instrument." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 11, no. 2 (August 5, 2022): 279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-11-279-2022.

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Abstract. Recent advancements and the widespread availability of low-cost microcontrollers and electronic components have created new opportunities for developing and using low-cost, open-source instrumentation for near-surface geophysical investigations. Geophysical methods that do not require ground contact, such as frequency-domain electromagnetics, allow one or two users to quickly acquire significant amounts of ground resistivity data in a cost-effective manner. The Colorado School of Mines electromagnetic system (CSM-EM) is a proof-of-concept instrument capable of sensing conductive objects in near-surface environments, and is similar in concept to commercial-grade equipment while costing under USD 400 to build. We tested the functionality of the CSM-EM system in a controlled laboratory setting during the design phase and validated it over a conductive target in an outdoor environment. The transmitter antenna can generate a current of over 2.5 A, and emit signals that are detectable by a receiver antenna at offsets of up to 25 m. The system requires minor refitting to change the functioning frequency, and has been operationally validated at 0.4 and 1.6 kHz. The receiver signal can be measured by off-the-shelf digital multimeters. Future directions will focus on improving the electronic and mechanical stability of the CSM-EM with the goal of using acquired data to make quantitative measurements of subsurface resistivity.

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Yuningsih, Lela Mukmilah, and Yusri Mutia Fauziyah. "Sintesis Komposit Polianilin-Karbon Aktif dari Tongkol Jagung sebagai Elektrolit Padat Pada Baterai." Jurnal Kimia VALENSI 4, no. 2 (November 30, 2018): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v4i2.7390.

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The polyaniline-activated carbon composites are synthesized using aniline chemical oxidation polymerization methods as well as variations in carbonization temperature of 800 °C and 1000 °C. The polyaniline-activated carbon composites are characterized by their value of conductivity, functional groups, crystallinity, morphology, composition and electrical quantities by LCR-meter analysis, FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX and digital multimeters. The conductivity value of composite polyanilin-activated carbon with carbonization temperature of 800°C and 1000 °C are 0.718 S/cm and 1.1003 S/cm. Polyaniline-activated carbon 800 composite and Polyaniline-activated carbon 1000 composite showed absorption bands acoording to PANI. The wave number that appear on PANI-activated carbon 800 composite and PANI-activated carbon 1000 peak is characteristic of PANI where the wave number 1562 cm-1, 1558 cm-1 is the vibration of the C = N and 1479 cm-1, 1475 cm-1is the vibration of the C = C with slacking off the degree of crystallinity PANI-activated carbon 800 i.e. 23.31% and PANI-activated Carbon 1000 i.e. 37.68%. Analysis of surface morphology and composite element content using SEM-EDX shows that particles of polianilin grows on active carbon fiber and free from impurity. The resulting voltage and current both PANI-Carbon 800 and PANI-carbon 1000 are 1.09 volt 19.74 mA and 1.15 Volts 19.98 mA.

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Khamlichi, Abderrahim, Fernando Garnacho, Pascual Simon, Jorge Rovira, and Angel Ramirez. "Calibration of On-Board Energy Measurement Systems Installed in Locomotives for AC Distorted Current and High Voltage Waveforms and Determination of Its Uncertainty Budget." Sensors 21, no. 23 (November 29, 2021): 7967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21237967.

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Periodic calibrations of Energy Measurement Systems (EMS) installed in locomotives must be carried out to demonstrate the required accuracy established in the EN 50463-2 standard according to European Parliament and Council Directive 2008/57/EC on the interoperability of rail systems within the Community. As a result of the work performed in the “MyRailS” EURAMET project an AC calibration facility was developed consisting of a fictive power source was developed. This fictive power source can generate distorted sinusoidal voltages up to 25 kV-50 Hz and 15 kV-16.7 Hz as well as distorted sinusoidal currents up to 500 A with harmonic content up to 5 kHz or phase-fired current waveform stated in EN50463-2 standard. These waveforms are representative of those that appear during periods of acceleration and breaking of the train. Reference measuring systems have been designed and built consisting of high voltage and high current transducers adapted to multimeters, which function as digital recorders to acquire synchronized voltage and current signals. An approved procedure has been developed and an in-depth uncertainty analysis has been performed to achieve a set of uncertainty formulas considering the influence parameters. Different influence parameters have been analyzed to evaluate uncertainty contributions for each quantity to be measured: rms voltage, rms current, active power, apparent power and non-active power of distorted voltage and current waveforms. The resulting calculated global expanded uncertainty for the developed Energy Measuring Function calibration set up has been better than 0.5% for distorted waveforms. This paper is focused on presenting the complete set of expressions and formulas developed for the different influence parameters, necessary for uncertainty budget calculation of an Energy Measuring Function calibration.

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Kurnia, Asep, Eman Sulaeman, and Asep Nugraha Ardiwinata. "Verifikasi Alat Multimeter Digital untuk Deteksi Cepat Residu Insektisida dalam Sayuran." Agrikultura 29, no. 3 (December 6, 2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v29i3.21646.

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ABSTRACTVerification of digital multimeter for rapid detection of insecticide residues on vegetablesThe instruments that usually used for detection of pesticide residues are Gas Chromatography (GC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), however, these instruments are expensive, take time, and need a large number of chemicals. Therefore, it is needed to develop rapid method in analyzing pesticide residues. One instrument that is potential for rapid detection of pesticide residues is digital multimeter. This method uses resistance differences of electrical current on chemical compounds. The aim of this research was to assess capability of digital multimeter for rapid detection of insecticide residues on vegetables by the aspects of precision, accuracy, linearity, and detection limit. The research was conducted in IAERI laboratory, Laladon, Bogor on January to December 2012. Insecticide residues that detected were organochlorine and organophosphate on some vegetables of potato, cabbage, carrot, onion, chili, and cucumber. The results showed that precision values of digital multimeter for detection organochlorine and organophosphate residues on vegetables were 0.02 to 2.46%. Linearity values of digital multimeter for detection endrin on onion and potato, heptachlor on onion, BHC on cucumber, chlorphyriphos on potato and cabbage, and dichlorvos on cabbage were 0.81, 0.84, 0.95, 0.71, 0.95, 0.80 and 0.76, respectively. Accuracy values of digital multimeter for detecting endrin and dieldrin on onion, chlorphyriphos on potato and cabbage, and profenophos on chili were 106.93%, 115.08%, 72.89%, 72.40%, and 98.06%, respectively. Detection and quantification limits of digital multimeter for detecting organochlorine were 0.08 to 0.17 ppm and 0.27 to 0.56 ppm, respectively. Meanwhile, detection and quantification limits of digital multimeter for detecting organophosphate were 0.05 to 0.27 ppm and 0.16 to 0.90 ppm, respectively. This result showed that digital multimeter was accurate and representative instrument for detecting pesticide residues on vegetables.Keywords: Digital Multimeter, Pesticides residue, VegetablesABSTRAKAlat yang digunakan untuk analisis residu pestisida antara lain Kromatografi Gas (KG), Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT), Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT), namun alat tersebut sangat mahal, dan perlu proses cukup lama serta memerlukan bahan kimia yang banyak. Untuk itu perlu dikembangkan metode cepat analisis residu pestisida. Salah satu alternatif deteksi cepat residu pestisida adalah dengan menggunakan Alat Multimeter Digital (AMD). Teknik analisis ini menggunakan prinsip perbedaan resistensi (tahanan) terhadap arus listrik dari senyawa kimia residu pestisida. Percobaan ini bertujuan mengetahui cara kerja awal AMD untuk deteksi cepat residu insektisida pada tanaman sayuran dari aspek presisi, akurasi, linearitas, dan limit deteksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Lingkungan Pertanian (Balingtan) di Laladon Bogor, mulai bulan Januari hingga Desember 2012. Residu insektisida yang dideteksi adalah organoklorin dan organofosfat pada beberapa sayuran yaitu kentang, kubis, wortel, bawang merah, cabe merah dan mentimun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai presisi AMD dalam mendeteksi organoklorin dan organofosfat pada sayuran berkisar 0,02-2,46%. Nilai linearitas AMD dalam mendeteksi endrin pada bawang merah dan kentang, heptaklor pada bawang merah, BHC pada mentimun, klorpirifos pada kentang dan kubis, serta diklorfos pada kubis masing-masing sebesar 0,81, 0,84, 0,95, 0,71, 0,95, 0,80 dan 0,76. Nilai akurasi AMD dalam mendeteksi endrin dan dieldrin pada bawang merah, klorpirifos pada kentang dan kubis, serta profenofos pada cabe merah masing-masing sebesar 106,93 %, 115,08%, 72,89 %, 72,40%, dan 98,06%. Nilai LOD (limit deteksi) dan LOQ (limit quantifikasi) AMD terhadap organoklorin berkisar antara 0,08-0,17 ppm dan 0,27-0,56 ppm, sedangkan terhadap golongan organofosfat berkisar antara 0,05-0,27 ppm dan 0,16-0,90 ppm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa AMD merupakan alat yang cukup akurat dan representatif untuk deteksi cepat residu pestisida pada sayuran.Kata Kunci: Alat Multimeter Digital, Residu pestisida, Sayuran

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Kurnia, Asep, Eman Sulaeman, and Asep Nugraha Ardiwinata. "Verifikasi Alat Multimeter Digital untuk Deteksi Cepat Residu Insektisida dalam Sayuran." Agrikultura 29, no. 3 (July 23, 2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v29i3.22725.

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ABSTRACTVerification of digital multimeter for rapid detection of insecticide residues on vegetablesThe instruments that usually used for detection of pesticide residues are Gas Chromatography (GC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), however, these instruments are expensive, take time, and need a large number of chemicals. Therefore, it is needed to develop rapid method in analyzing pesticide residues. One instrument that is potential for rapid detection of pesticide residues is digital multimeter. This method uses resistance differences of electrical current on chemical compounds. The aim of this research was to assess capability of digital multimeter for rapid detection of insecticide residues on vegetables by the aspects of precision, accuracy, linearity, and detection limit. The research was conducted in IAERI laboratory, Laladon, Bogor on January to December 2012. Insecticide residues that detected were organochlorine and organophosphate on some vegetables of potato, cabbage, carrot, onion, chili, and cucumber. The results showed that precision values of digital multimeter for detection organochlorine and organophosphate residues on vegetables were 0.02 to 2.46%. Linearity values of digital multimeter for detection endrin on onion and potato, heptachlor on onion, BHC on cucumber, chlorphyriphos on potato and cabbage, and dichlorvos on cabbage were 0.81, 0.84, 0.95, 0.71, 0.95, 0.80 and 0.76, respectively. Accuracy values of digital multimeter for detecting endrin and dieldrin on onion, chlorphyriphos on potato and cabbage, and profenophos on chili were 106.93%, 115.08%, 72.89%, 72.40%, and 98.06%, respectively. Detection and quantification limits of digital multimeter for detecting organochlorine were 0.08 to 0.17 ppm and 0.27 to 0.56 ppm, respectively. Meanwhile, detection and quantification limits of digital multimeter for detecting organophosphate were 0.05 to 0.27 ppm and 0.16 to 0.90 ppm, respectively. This result showed that digital multimeter was accurate and representative instrument for detecting pesticide residues on vegetables.Keywords: Digital Multimeter, Pesticides residue, VegetablesABSTRAKAlat yang digunakan untuk analisis residu pestisida antara lain Kromatografi Gas (KG), Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT), Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT), namun alat tersebut sangat mahal, dan perlu proses cukup lama serta memerlukan bahan kimia yang banyak. Untuk itu perlu dikembangkan metode cepat analisis residu pestisida. Salah satu alternatif deteksi cepat residu pestisida adalah dengan menggunakan Alat Multimeter Digital (AMD). Teknik analisis ini menggunakan prinsip perbedaan resistensi (tahanan) terhadap arus listrik dari senyawa kimia residu pestisida. Percobaan ini bertujuan mengetahui cara kerja awal AMD untuk deteksi cepat residu insektisida pada tanaman sayuran dari aspek presisi, akurasi, linearitas, dan limit deteksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Lingkungan Pertanian (Balingtan) di Laladon Bogor, mulai bulan Januari hingga Desember 2012. Residu insektisida yang dideteksi adalah organoklorin dan organofosfat pada beberapa sayuran yaitu kentang, kubis, wortel, bawang merah, cabe merah dan mentimun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai presisi AMD dalam mendeteksi organoklorin dan organofosfat pada sayuran berkisar 0,02-2,46%. Nilai linearitas AMD dalam mendeteksi endrin pada bawang merah dan kentang, heptaklor pada bawang merah, BHC pada mentimun, klorpirifos pada kentang dan kubis, serta diklorfos pada kubis masing-masing sebesar 0,81, 0,84, 0,95, 0,71, 0,95, 0,80 dan 0,76. Nilai akurasi AMD dalam mendeteksi endrin dan dieldrin pada bawang merah, klorpirifos padakentang dan kubis, serta profenofos pada cabe merah masing-masing sebesar 106,93 %, 115,08%, 72,89 %, 72,40%, dan 98,06%. Nilai LOD (limit deteksi) dan LOQ (limit quantifikasi) AMD terhadap organoklorin berkisar antara 0,08-0,17 ppm dan 0,27-0,56 ppm, sedangkan terhadap golongan organofosfat berkisar antara 0,05-0,27 ppm dan 0,16-0,90 ppm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa AMD merupakan alat yang cukup akurat dan representatif untuk deteksi cepat residu pestisida pada sayuran.Kata Kunci: Alat Multimeter Digital, Residu pestisida, Sayuran

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Yusuf, Mohammad, Gigih Priyandoko, Istiadi Istiadi, and Faqih Rofii. "Prototype Data Logger Multimeter Digital Secara Wireless Berbasis Smartphone." JASEE Journal of Application and Science on Electrical Engineering 2, no. 02 (September 30, 2021): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31328/jasee.v2i02.16.

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Pengukuran besaran listrik dengan multimeter pada banyak pengukuran dan berulang akan sulit dan tidak efisien dari segi waktu jika dilakukan secara manual dengan menekan tombol HOLD untuk melihat nilai pada multimeter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat prototipe data logger multimeter yang dapat menampilkan hasil pengukuran dalam selang waktu tertentu dan memantau history pengukuran melalui smartphone. Prototipe ini terdiri dari sensor arus ACS712 dan tegangan ZMPT101b, mikrokontroler arduino dan wemos D1 mini. Sensor yang terpasang akan mengirim data berupa besar nilai V, I, R dan S yang diolah oleh mikrokontroler arduino untuk kemudian ditampilkan di layar LCD. Wemos D1 mini berfungsi menjadi jembatan untuk mengirim data pada pengguna menggunakan web Thinger.io secara wireless yang dapat diakses oleh smartphone. Data yang dihasilkan oleh prototype selnjutnya dikalibrasi dengan multimeter digital berstandar SNI menggunakan metode independent sample T-Test dengan aplikasi SPSS. Prototypw ini mampu merekam data hasil pengukuran dan history pengukuran yang dapat diunduh melalui smartphone.

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Yusuf, Mohammad, Gigih Priyandoko, Istiadi Istiadi, and Faqih Rofii. "Prototype Data Logger Multimeter Digital Secara Wireless Berbasis Smartphone." JASEE Journal of Application and Science on Electrical Engineering 2, no. 02 (September 30, 2021): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31328/jasee.v2i02.16.

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Pengukuran besaran listrik dengan multimeter pada banyak pengukuran dan berulang akan sulit dan tidak efisien dari segi waktu jika dilakukan secara manual dengan menekan tombol HOLD untuk melihat nilai pada multimeter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat prototipe data logger multimeter yang dapat menampilkan hasil pengukuran dalam selang waktu tertentu dan memantau history pengukuran melalui smartphone. Prototipe ini terdiri dari sensor arus ACS712 dan tegangan ZMPT101b, mikrokontroler arduino dan wemos D1 mini. Sensor yang terpasang akan mengirim data berupa besar nilai V, I, R dan S yang diolah oleh mikrokontroler arduino untuk kemudian ditampilkan di layar LCD. Wemos D1 mini berfungsi menjadi jembatan untuk mengirim data pada pengguna menggunakan web Thinger.io secara wireless yang dapat diakses oleh smartphone. Data yang dihasilkan oleh prototype selnjutnya dikalibrasi dengan multimeter digital berstandar SNI menggunakan metode independent sample T-Test dengan aplikasi SPSS. Prototypw ini mampu merekam data hasil pengukuran dan history pengukuran yang dapat diunduh melalui smartphone.

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Ndukwe, Cherechi, M. Tariq Iqbal, and Jahangir Khan. "An Open Source LoRa Based, Low-Cost IoT Platform for Renewable Energy Generation Unit Monitoring and Supervisory Control." Journal of Energy and Power Technology 4, no. 1 (November 16, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/jept.2201007.

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SCADA provides real-time system monitoring by constant communication and data exchange between various system devices to achieve data visualization and logging. Presently, in industrial systems, commercial SCADA systems are being used for data monitoring and control. These systems can be expensive, and as such can only be afforded by select industries. Even at these costs, the commercial SCADA systems face some challenges, which include interoperability and scalability issues. Research has shown that these problems can be solved by the introduction of low-cost materials and open-source software to achieve data monitoring for all levels of processes. This paper proposes an open source, low-cost Internet of Things (IoT)-based SCADA system that employs the IoT architecture for SCADA functions. The proposed system is an improvement to the existing IoT solutions by eliminating cloud based IoT platforms and introducing a single machine system. This solution increases the robustness of the system while reducing costs. The proposed system prototype consists of voltage and current sensors, Arduino Uno microcontroller and Raspberry Pi. The sensors acquire data from the monitored unit. The Arduino Uno receives the data and processes them for transmission to the Raspberry Pi using the LoRa communication technology. At the Raspberry Pi, the local Chirpstack platform processes the data and displays the measured data using the Grafana dashboard for real-time data monitoring, and the data is stored in an InfluxDB database. For system validation purposes, the prototype is designed, developed, and set up to monitor the panel voltage, current and battery voltage of a solar photovoltaic system. The results obtained from the experimental set-up are compared with the test data from physical digital multimeters. The system presented in this paper is a low-cost, open source, scalable and interoperable system. This, therefore, makes the proposed SCADA system an alternative for commercial SCADA systems, especially for select applications. The system proposed in this paper can be deployed to large industrial systems with appropriate upgrades and customization. The main contribution of this research is the design and development of a SCADA system that performs all the functions of a proprietary SCADA system at a very low-cost with scalable and interoperability features which are the main limitations of the traditional SCADA systems.

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Wang, Hong Liang, Hai Fei Ding, Jin Qi Wang, and Pan Liu. "The Design of Power Supply and Distribution Real-Time Monitoring System Based on PXI Bus for Telemetering System." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 1725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.1725.

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Telemetering power supply and distribution system is an important part of the telemetry system. Arming at a telemetering power supply and distribution system, this paper adopts digital multimeter and multiplex switch based on PXI bus to realize 32-channel power supply and distribution DC voltage signal acquisition, storage, real-time monitoring and analysis, and also automatic data interpretation. The system consists of PXI host, multiplex switch, digital multimeter, interface unit, a control software and so on, which has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency, easy to operate, and has been used successfully in the test of a telemetry system.

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Bender, Paul A. "Adapting a digital multimeter for use on an overhead projector." American Journal of Physics 54, no. 3 (March 1986): 282–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.14649.

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Zhang, Kangyao, Shuzhen Lv, and Dianping Tang. "A 3D printing-based portable photoelectrochemical sensing device using a digital multimeter." Analyst 144, no. 18 (2019): 5389–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9an01447k.

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Zhang, Meng, Zhenzhen Zhang, Jie Wei, Zhen Dai, Nan Hao, and Kun Wang. "A dual-photoelectrode photofuel cell based self-powered aptasensor using a multimeter as a direct visual readout strategy." Chemical Communications 57, no. 48 (2021): 5973–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc02078a.

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Zhenjie, Zeng, Xiaofei Zhu, Xiaowei Shen, Kai Wu, and Shiju Qi. "Design of Software for Digital Multimeter Calibration Based on Labwindows/CVI." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 452 (December 13, 2018): 042157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/452/4/042157.

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Xia, Kun, Hua Su, Jiawen Ni, Bangzheng Liu, Yanghong Ye, and Han Li. "Smart pen-shaped digital multimeter system based on IoT and cloud." IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 22, no. 6 (December 2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mim.2019.8917900.

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NABESHIMA, Koji. "Measurement of the Polarization Curve Using a GP-IB Digital Multimeter." CORROSION ENGINEERING 34, no. 7 (1985): 417–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3323/jcorr1974.34.7_417.

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Petrovic, P. "New Digital Multimeter for Accurate Measurement of Synchronously Sampled AC Signals." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 53, no. 3 (June 2004): 716–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2004.827313.

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Fatimah, Qori Izmi, Rivaldo Marselino, and Asnil Asnil. "Web-Based DC Motor Speed Design and Control." MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering 3, no. 3 (September 2, 2021): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46574/motivection.v3i3.99.

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This research discusses about web based speed control of DC motor. This research is a development research. The development that is design and assemble a speed control of DC motor so that becomes function work well. The result of research is speed control of DC motor and monitoring value of voltage, current and rotation speed from DC motor. Speed control of DC motor using PWM on the NodeMCU while monitoring of voltage, current and rotation speed from DC motor using voltage sensor, current sensor, and inductive proximity sensor. The results show that the system is great working. On the readings of the voltage value using voltage sensor and multimeter digital, there is a difference value between 0,01 to 0,13 Volt. While for the readings of the current value using current sensor ACS712 and multimeter digital, there is a difference average 0,01 Ampere. Proximity sensors are used by monitoring of the rotation speed of DC motor. The result is this sensor is working and function well. Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengendalian kecepatan motor DC menggunakan web. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Pengembangan yang dilakukan ialah merancang dan merakit sebuah web dan alat pengendali kecepatan motor DC sehingga menjadi satu kesatuan dan dapat berfungsi dengan baik. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah mengatur kecepatan motor DC serta monitoring nilai tegangan, nilai arus dan nilai kecepatan putaran pada motor DC. Pengendalian kecepatan motor DC dilakukan dengan mengatur PWM pada NodeMCU sedangkan monitoring tegangan, arus dan kecepatan putaran motor DC menggunakan sensor tegangan, sensor arus ACS712 dan sensor proximity induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem bekerja dengan baik. Pada pembacaan tegangan menggunakan sensor tegangan dan multimeter digital terdapat selisih antara 0,01 sampai 0,13 Volt. Sedangkan untuk pembacaan nilai arus menggunakan sensor arus ACS712 dengan multimeter digital, terdapat selesih rata-rata 0,01 Ampere. Sensor proximity digunakan sebagai monitoring kecepatan putaran pada motor DC. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sensor ini bekerja dengan baik sesuai dengan fungsinya.

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Yu, Zhenzhong, Guoneng Cai, Rongrong Ren, and Dianping Tang. "A new enzyme immunoassay for alpha-fetoprotein in a separate setup coupling an aluminium/Prussian blue-based self-powered electrochromic display with a digital multimeter readout." Analyst 143, no. 13 (2018): 2992–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8an00839f.

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A new immunoassay was designed for the detection of disease-related biomarkers (alpha-fetoprotein, AFP, as a model), coupling an aluminium (Al)/Prussian blue-based electrochromic display with a digital multimeter readout.

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Munir, Muhammad Miftahul, Yundi Supriadani, Maman Budiman, and Khairurrijal. "High Performance Current-Voltage Characterization System for High Resistance Materials." Advanced Materials Research 896 (February 2014): 710–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.896.710.

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The resistivity measurement finds many applications in semiconductors and insulating materials characterization. Conventional digital multimeter can provide resistance measurement up to about 10-200MΩ. However, in some cases, resistances in gigaohms (GΩs) and higher ranges need to be measured accurately. To measure the resistance of high resistivity materials, a programmable voltage source (-100V to +100V) combined with an electrometer system (100pA 10mA) have been built. The electrometer system and programmable voltage source have been calibrated with a calibrator (Fluke 5100B series) and digital multimeter (Fluke 8808A). Materials resistance up to 10 GΩ can be obtained by measuring the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. It is found that the I-V curve of the 10 GΩ resistor fits very well the linear function with a high linear regression coefficient R2 of 0.999.

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Chen, Yingxu, Weihao Ji, Jie Gao, Kai Yan, and Jingdong Zhang. "A self-powered aptasensor using the capacitor-amplified signal of a photofuel cell and a portable digital multimeter readout." Chemical Communications 56, no. 69 (2020): 10034–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc03745a.

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A capacitor that acts as signal amplifier and a digital multimeter that serves as the readout are coupled with a photocatalytic fuel cell to construct a self-powered sensing system for the detection of streptomycin.

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Khakhula, V. V. "METHOD OF ERROR CORRECTION OF A MEASURING CHANNEL Of A DIGITAL MULTIMETER." Key title Zbìrnik naukovih pracʹ Odesʹkoï deržavnoï akademìï tehnìčnogo regulûvannâ ta âkostì -, no. 1(6) (2015): 74–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32684/2412-5288-2015-1-6-74-76.

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Puspasari, Fitri, Imam Fahrurrozi, Tika Erna Putri, and Estu Muhamad Dwi Admoko. "Uji Pendahuluan Rancang Bangun Resistivitymeter Berbasis Arduino Nano." JURNAL ILMU FISIKA | UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS 12, no. 2 (September 28, 2020): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jif.12.2.53-59.2020.

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Telah dirancang sebuah prototipe instrumen resistivitymeter berteknologi digital yang memiliki akurasi yang baik. Resistivitymeter merupakan alat yang digunakan dalam eksplorasi, mitigasi bencana, dan mendeteksi pencemaran lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan dalam studi pendahuluan penelitian ini dengan perbandingan langsung menggunakan hambatan berupa resistor. Prinsip kerja dari alat ini adalah dengan mentransmisikan aliran arus listrik. Hasil dari injeksi arus kemudian diukur tegangannya dengan multimeter. Data berupa nilai arus dan tegangan yang nantinya dapat digunakan untuk menetukan nilai resistansi/hambatan. Dari hasil pengujian menggunakan resistor menunjukkan nilai resistansi pada ala tresistivitymeter yang dibuat menunjukkan nilai yang mendekati nilai dari pembacaan multimeter standar, dan masih dibawah batas toleransi dari resistor yang digunakan yaitu sekitar 5%.

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Qodir, Moh Yasin Faidlul, Nadia Rahmaningrum, and Frida Agung Rakhmadi. "Resistance Characteristics of Pork Meatballs and Beef Meatballs Using Multimeter." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 2 (March 1, 2019): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v2.66.

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Meatballs is food typical Indonesian that has taste delicious. It is even the most referred food for Indonesian people. The ingrediants used in meatballs is meat, flour and etc. Most Indonesian people are Muslim. So, not carelessly eating meatballs made from meat (Pork). The purpose of this study is to find out whether meatballs use pork or not, using the resistance method with a digital multimeter. Resistance is the ability to inhibit electricity. This trial uses pork meatballs and beef meatballs 5 times a try on each meatball. Resistance values were obtained for pork meatballs 3,718 Ω and for beef meatballs 2,988 Ω. From the data obtained, the resistance value in pork meatballs is higher than beef meatballs.

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KHAN, ANWAR A., AHMED A. TELBA, and MARZOUK AL KHALDI. "Simple attachment to analogue/digital multimeter for frequency measurement up to 10 MHz." International Journal of Electronics 62, no. 1 (January 1987): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207218708920953.

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Li, Nuo, Guo Ding Liang, Li Yang, Yun Peng Ji, and Song Yang Li. "An Automatic Calibration System for Multimeter Based on Fluke MET/CAL." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 1303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.1303.

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The calibration process of a digital Multi-meter (DMM) is complicated and tedious. The whole procedure needs to calibrate dozens of test points of several measuring ranges. Usually, the automatic calibration system is used to replace the manual operation. In metrology, the MAT/CAL which is a software produced by Fluke company has been widely used, but it can’t meet our special needs. This article is mainly on the introduction of design method of an automatic calibration system for DMM basing on Fluke MAT/CAL. It describes the setup of hardware, the improvement of ACC file in MAT/CAL and the basic principle of our software.

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Janairo, Adrian Genevie G., Jonah Jahara G. Baun, Johndel Garrison Chan, Joseph Aristotle R. De Leon, Ronnie S. Concepcion II, Ryan Rhay P. Vicerra, Argel A. Bandala, and Elmer P. Dadios. "MeterGPX: A Smart Multimeter Embedded with Multigene Genetic Programming Model for Multiarray Antenna Transmitter." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 27, no. 1 (January 20, 2023): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2023.p0019.

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Genetic programming (GP) is an evolutionary algorithm used to produce high-quality solutions to various problems. It has seen few claims in circuitry and the development of antenna designs. The application of GP in the model of embedded digital systems on multi-channel antenna arrays of subsurface imaging equipment has not yet been investigated. This study focuses on designing and developing a digital multimeter embedded with a multigene genetic programming (MGGP) model for multi-array transmitter antenna used for subsurface imaging operating at a low frequency of 3.5 kHz to 18.5 kHz using Arduino microcontroller for prototyping. The electrical outputs of a transmitter antenna system employed in a subsurface imaging device require live measurement and monitoring during operation for data logging purposes. The amount of transmitted voltage, produced current, and operating frequency are significant parameters for mapping the underground resistivity, thus the produced GP models are functions of the three parameters. GP fitness function was determined through MATLAB software. The output current signal from the transmitter were imitated in Proteus simulation software using a current source in the designed current measuring circuit. This produced linear and nonlinear relationships of the electrical outputs where GP modeling was beneficially applied. The application of GP in with the microcontroller provided an accurate reading of frequency, current and voltage produced by the multi-array transmitter antenna. These measurements were displayed using LM016L LCD display. Moreover, this embedded digital multimeter on transmitter antenna avoids utilizing costly high voltage measuring devices.

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Shu, Jian, Zhenli Qiu, Qian Zhou, Youxiu Lin, Minghua Lu, and Dianping Tang. "Enzymatic Oxydate-Triggered Self-Illuminated Photoelectrochemical Sensing Platform for Portable Immunoassay Using Digital Multimeter." Analytical Chemistry 88, no. 5 (February 11, 2016): 2958–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00262.

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Ueda, R., K. Kazihara, and H. Takajo. "Precise and accurate measurement of ac signals by high precision-type digital multimeter HP3458A." Review of Scientific Instruments 69, no. 5 (May 1998): 2176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148919.

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Yu, Zhenzhong, Yun Tang, Guoneng Cai, Rongrong Ren, and Dianping Tang. "Paper Electrode-Based Flexible Pressure Sensor for Point-of-Care Immunoassay with Digital Multimeter." Analytical Chemistry 91, no. 2 (December 20, 2018): 1222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04635.

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Xu, Puhao, Haigang Hou, Yongkang Ding, Asma Shaheen, Guiwu Liu, and Guanjun Qiao. "Studies on the Preparation and Properties of Ni_0.75Mn_2.25O₄ NTC Ceramic." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 17, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2022.3233.

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Ni0.75Mn2.25O4 NTC ceramics were synthesized by co-precipitation and solid-state method. Their phase, microstructure and electrical performances were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Multifunctional digital multimeter respectively. The Ni0.75Mn2.25O4 NTC ceramics synthesized by the co-precipitation method has a lower sintering temperature, higher bulk density, smaller grain size and higher ρ25 °C (4905 Ω cm) and B (4448 K) compared with the samples fabricated by the solid-state method.

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Akbar, Taufik, Gede Suweken, Gede Indrawan, and Kadek Yota Ernanda Aryanto. "KOTAK-KONTAK PINTAR PADA RUMAH CERDAS BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI INTERNET OF THINGS." Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan 16, no. 2 (July 31, 2019): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jptk-undiksha.v16i2.18937.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang kotak kontak pintar pada rumah cerdas berbasis teknologi internet of things (IoT) guna untuk memonitor jumlah konsumsi daya perangkat elektronik pada rumah tangga. Sensor yang digunakan adalah 3 buah sensor arus AC N25 dan 1 buah sensor tegangan ZMPT101B, arduino nano dan Raspberry Pi yang digunakan dalam pemrosesan data, display 2x16 serta web server sebagai tampilan hasil dari konsumsi daya. Adapun pengujian dilakukan menggunakan 3 perangkat elektronik rumah tangga yaitu setrika, kipas Angin dan Satu buah televisi. Terdapat penurunan kemampuan pada sensor arus AC N25 dengan perubahan nilai berkisar 0.7-1 A sehingga harus dilakukan kalibrasi ulang. Perbedaan hasil pengukuran tegangan AC (220 VAC) yang dihasilkan sensor tegangan ZMPT101B, alat ukur Multimeter UT dan alat ukur digital multimeter kyoritsu. Namun perbedaan yang terjadi hanya pada rentang 5 vac, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa alat yang dirancang sudah sesuai dengan tegangan yang ada. Jumlah konsumsi daya kotak-kontak pintar pada rumah cerdas ini sendiri adalah pada sensor arus 0.125 Watt, sensor tegangan 0.001 Watt dan arduino nano 0.2 Watt.

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Pauzan, Muh, and Indri Yanti. "Analisis Jenis-Jenis Kerusakan pada Charger Handphone dengan Menggunakan Multimeter Digital dan Osiloskop Sebagai Alat Pengujiannya." Gema Wiralodra 13, no. 1 (April 12, 2022): 72–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31943/gemawiralodra.v13i1.207.

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Charger handphone adalah alat yang dimiliki oleh hampir setiap orang. Jika terjadi kerusakan maka masyarakat cenderung akan membuangnya dan membeli yang baru. Tapi di sisi lain charger yang rusak terse-but akan menambah limbah elektronik. Charger tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan kembali dengan cara memper-baikinya. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jenis-jenis kerusakan pada charger handphone kemudian mengganti komponen yang diindikasikan rusak dengan komponen baru. Terdapat tiga tahap pengolahan sinyal pada charger handphone. Tahap pertama adalah penyearahan sumber alternating current (AC) dari PLN menjadi sumber direct current (DC). Pada tahap ini komponen yang digunakan berupa dioda dan kapasitor. Tahap kedua adalah tahap pensaklaran (switching), dihasilkan tegangan AC dengan frekuensi tinggi (orde kilohertz). Pada tahap ini komponen yang digunakan pada charger non-smartphone adalah transistor, kapasitor dan resistor, selain itu digunakan optocoupler untuk menjaga tegangan output 5V tetap stabil. Sedangkan untuk charger smartphone digunakan IC daya tanpa menggunakan optocoupler. Tahap ketiga adalah menurunkah amplitudo sinyal AC kemudian dirubah ke bentuk DC. Pada tahap ini digunakan transformer, dioda dan kapasitor. Berdasarkan enam belas charger rusak yang berhasil dikumpul-kan (enam charger non-smartphone, sepuluh charger smartphone), lima dari enam charger non-smartphone mengalami kerusakan pada optocoupler, sedangkan pada charger smartphone lima dari sepuluh sampel men-galami kerusakan pada kabel USB. Dua mengalami kerusakan pada kapasitor, dua mengalami kerusakan pa-da dioda dan satu sampel sisanya mengalami kerusakan pada fuse (sekring). Digunakan multimeter digital untuk mengecek kerusakan komponen tersebut, diagnosa kerusakan tersebut valid karena setelah komponen yang dianggap rusak diganti dengan yang baru, charger berfungsi normal.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Digital multimeters'

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