Academic literature on the topic 'Digital palaeography'

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Journal articles on the topic "Digital palaeography"

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Liang, Y., M. C. Fairhurst, R. M. Guest, and M. Erbilek. "Automatic Handwriting Feature Extraction, Analysis and Visualization in the Context of Digital Palaeography." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 30, no. 04 (April 12, 2016): 1653001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416530013.

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Digital palaeography is an emerging research area which aims to introduce digital image processing techniques into palaeographic analysis for the purpose of providing objective quantitative measurements. This paper explores the use of a fully automated handwriting feature extraction, visualization, and analysis system for digital palaeography which bridges the gap between traditional and digital palaeography in terms of the deployment of feature extraction techniques and handwriting metrics. We propose the application of a set of features, more closely related to conventional palaeographic assesment metrics than those commonly adopted in automatic writer identification. These features are emprically tested on two datasets in order to assess their effectiveness for automatic writer identification and aid attribution of individual handwriting characteristics in historical manuscripts. Finally, we introduce tools to support visualization of the extracted features in a comparative way, showing how they can best be exploited in the implementation of a content-based image retrieval (CBIR) system for digital archiving.
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Ciula, Arianna. "Digital palaeography: What is digital about it?" Digital Scholarship in the Humanities 32, suppl_2 (September 27, 2017): ii89—ii105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqx042.

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Stokes, Peter A. "Digital Resource and Database for Palaeography, Manuscripts and Diplomatie." Gazette du livre médiéval 56, no. 1 (2011): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/galim.2011.1991.

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Magni, Isabella. "Stokes, Peter A., project dir. DigiPal: Digital Resource and Database of Palaeography, Manuscript Studies and Diplomatic." Renaissance and Reformation 43, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 338–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v43i2.34827.

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Popović, Mladen, Maruf A. Dhali, and Lambert Schomaker. "Artificial intelligence based writer identification generates new evidence for the unknown scribes of the Dead Sea Scrolls exemplified by the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 21, 2021): e0249769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249769.

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The Dead Sea Scrolls are tangible evidence of the Bible’s ancient scribal culture. This study takes an innovative approach to palaeography—the study of ancient handwriting—as a new entry point to access this scribal culture. One of the problems of palaeography is to determine writer identity or difference when the writing style is near uniform. This is exemplified by the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa). To this end, we use pattern recognition and artificial intelligence techniques to innovate the palaeography of the scrolls and to pioneer the microlevel of individual scribes to open access to the Bible’s ancient scribal culture. We report new evidence for a breaking point in the series of columns in this scroll. Without prior assumption of writer identity, based on point clouds of the reduced-dimensionality feature-space, we found that columns from the first and second halves of the manuscript ended up in two distinct zones of such scatter plots, notably for a range of digital palaeography tools, each addressing very different featural aspects of the script samples. In a secondary, independent, analysis, now assuming writer difference and using yet another independent feature method and several different types of statistical testing, a switching point was found in the column series. A clear phase transition is apparent in columns 27–29. We also demonstrated a difference in distance variances such that the variance is higher in the second part of the manuscript. Given the statistically significant differences between the two halves, a tertiary, post-hoc analysis was performed using visual inspection of character heatmaps and of the most discriminative Fraglet sets in the script. Demonstrating that two main scribes, each showing different writing patterns, were responsible for the Great Isaiah Scroll, this study sheds new light on the Bible’s ancient scribal culture by providing new, tangible evidence that ancient biblical texts were not copied by a single scribe only but that multiple scribes, while carefully mirroring another scribe’s writing style, could closely collaborate on one particular manuscript.
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Molinari, Alessandra. "Handwritten culture through digital native eyes: student participation in the digital fragmentology project Textus invisibilis." Open Information Science 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 89–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opis-2021-0005.

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Abstract The present paper addresses the issue of how interest-driven learning can enhance an attitude of student-generated inquiry in the learning process so to promote student participation in university research projects. The research question is how wonder as an epistemic emotion may sustain students’ interest-generated questioning, and how the latter may influence the design of a university research project. As a case-study, the paper describes a laboratory on palaeography which took place in Spring 2019 at an Italian State Archive within a University bachelor program in the context of a digital fragmentology project. To design the laboratory and establish qualitative analysis methods for its data, an interdisciplinary educational approach was designed that combines interest-driven learning, emotion theory, value theory, hermeneutics, and User Experience, on the background of Ernst Cassirer’s view of a human being as an animal symbolicum. In the laboratory, the students’ questions and hypotheses arising from their interaction with historical scripts and Medieval handwriting culture are helping redesign some aspects of the research project Textus invisibilis both on the level of the research design and of the team composition, as well as pointing to a novel relevance of state archives and historical libraries in higher education.
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Stokes, Peter A. "Holistically Modelling the Medieval Book: Towards a Digital Contribution." Anglia 139, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 6–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ang-2021-0002.

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Abstract The book has long played an important role in medieval and indeed modern culture, being at the same time a carrier of texts and images, a sign potentially of wealth and/or education, a site of enquiry for modern scholarship for literature, history, linguistics, palaeography, codicology, art history, and more. The ‘archaeology of the book’ can tell us about its history (or biography) as well as the cultures that produced and used it, right up to its present ownership. This multidimensionality of the object has long been known, but it has also proven a challenge to digital approaches which (like all representations) are by their nature models that involve conscious or unconscious selection of particular aspects, and that have been more successful in some aspects than others. This then raises the question to what degree these different viewpoints can be brought together into something approaching a holistic view, while always allowing for the tension between standardisation and innovation, and while remembering that a ‘complete model’ is a tautology, neither possible nor desirable.
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Cilia, Nicole Dalia, Claudio De Stefano, Francesco Fontanella, Claudio Marrocco, Mario Molinara, and Alessandra Scotto di Freca. "An Experimental Comparison between Deep Learning and Classical Machine Learning Approaches for Writer Identification in Medieval Documents." Journal of Imaging 6, no. 9 (September 4, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging6090089.

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In the framework of palaeography, the availability of both effective image analysis algorithms, and high-quality digital images has favored the development of new applications for the study of ancient manuscripts and has provided new tools for decision-making support systems. The quality of the results provided by such applications, however, is strongly influenced by the selection of effective features, which should be able to capture the distinctive aspects to which the paleography expert is interested in. This process is very difficult to generalize due to the enormous variability in the type of ancient documents, produced in different historical periods with different languages and styles. The effect is that it is very difficult to define standard techniques that are general enough to be effectively used in any case, and this is the reason why ad-hoc systems, generally designed according to paleographers’ suggestions, have been designed for the analysis of ancient manuscripts. In recent years, there has been a growing scientific interest in the use of techniques based on deep learning (DL) for the automatic processing of ancient documents. This interest is not only due to their capability of designing high-performance pattern recognition systems, but also to their ability of automatically extracting features from raw data, without using any a priori knowledge. Moving from these considerations, the aim of this study is to verify if DL-based approaches may actually represent a general methodology for automatically designing machine learning systems for palaeography applications. To this purpose, we compared the performance of a DL-based approach with that of a “classical” machine learning one, in a particularly unfavorable case for DL, namely that of highly standardized schools. The rationale of this choice is to compare the obtainable results even when context information is present and discriminating: this information is ignored by DL approaches, while it is used by machine learning methods, making the comparison more significant. The experimental results refer to the use of a large sets of digital images extracted from an entire 12th-century Bibles, the “Avila Bible”. This manuscript, produced by several scribes who worked in different periods and in different places, represents a severe test bed to evaluate the efficiency of scribe identification systems.
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Wakelin, Daniel. "A New Age of Photography: ‘DIY Digitization’ in Manuscript Studies." Anglia 139, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ang-2021-0005.

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Abstract Since c. 2008 many special collections libraries have allowed researchers to take photographs of medieval manuscripts: this article calls such self-service photography ‘DIY digitization’. The article considers some possible effects of this digital tool for research on book history, especially on palaeography, comparing it in particular to the effects of institutionally-led digitization. ‘DIY digitization’ does assist with access to manuscripts, but less easily and with less open data than institutional digitization does. Instead, it allows the researcher’s intellectual agenda to guide the selection of what to photograph. The photographic process thereby becomes part of the process of analysis. Photography by the researcher is therefore limited by subjectivity but it also helps to highlight the role of subjective perspectives in scholarship. It can also balance a breadth or depth of perspective in ways different from institutional digitization. It could in theory foster increased textual scholarship but in practice has fostered attention to the materiality of the text.
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Parziale, Antonio, Giuliana Capriolo, and Angelo Marcelli. "One Step Is Not Enough: A Multi-Step Procedure for Building the Training Set of a Query by String Keyword Spotting System to Assist the Transcription of Historical Document." Journal of Imaging 6, no. 10 (October 13, 2020): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging6100109.

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Digital libraries offer access to a large number of handwritten historical documents. These documents are available as raw images and therefore their content is not searchable. A fully manual transcription is time-consuming and expensive while a fully automatic transcription is cheaper but not comparable in terms of accuracy. The performance of automatic transcription systems is strictly related to the composition of the training set. We propose a multi-step procedure that exploits a Keyword Spotting system and human validation for building up a training set in a time shorter than the one required by a fully manual procedure. The multi-step procedure was tested on a data set made up of 50 pages extracted from the Bentham collection. The palaeographer that transcribed the data set with the multi-step procedure instead of the fully manual procedure had a time gain of 52.54%. Moreover, a small size training set that allowed the keyword spotting system to show a precision value greater than the recall value was built with the multi-step procedure in a time equal to 35.25% of the time required for annotating the whole data set.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Digital palaeography"

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Gülden, Svenja, and der Moezel Kyra van. "„Altägyptische Kursivschriften“ in a digital age." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-201629.

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The hieratic script has never been studied systematically regarding its peculiarities in abbreviations, orthography, functions or historical development, nor in comparison with cursive and monumental hieroglyphs as well as Demotic signs. After Möller’s Hieratic Palaeography volumes I to III, being based on merely 32 sources, Egyptologists compiled several more or less complete palaeographies on single texts, groups of texts or time spans. However, the comparability of signs is often hindered or impossible due to the heterogeneity of writing surfaces, the quality of facsimiles and photos or the choice of examples and the degree of detail. Furthermore, the word or sign context is often lacking. Since April 2015 a long-term project for a possible maximum of 23 years is located at the universities of Mainz and Darmstadt, being financed by the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities. The lecture presents the aims and methods of this project and discusses the state of affairs with regard to the development and structuring 1) of a digital palaeography of the cursive scripts, including all stages of hieratic, abnormal hieratic and cursive hieroglyphic scripts from the Early Dynastic period through to Roman times, and 2) of a database with extensive metadata that allows the study of various topics among which the emergence, development, regional use, context and economy of scripts as well as the identification of individual scribes’ hands. The project shall be understood as being decisively open for any cooperation among international experts.
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Sampath, Vinodh Rajan. "Quantifying scribal behavior : a novel approach to digital paleography." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9429.

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We propose a novel approach for analyzing scribal behavior quantitatively using information about the handwriting of characters. To implement this approach, we develop a computational framework that recovers this information and decomposes the characters into primitives (called strokes) to create a hierarchically structured representation. We then propose a number of intuitive metrics quantifying various facets of scribal behavior, which are derived from the recovered information and character structure. We further propose the use of techniques modeling the generation of handwriting to directly study the changes in writing behavior. We then present a case study in which we use our framework and metrics to analyze the development of four major Indic scripts. We show that our framework and metrics coupled with appropriate statistical methods can provide great insight into scribal behavior by discovering specific trends and phenomena with quantitative methods. We also illustrate the use of handwriting modeling techniques in this context to study the divergence of the Brahmi script into two daughter scripts. We conduct a user study with domain experts to evaluate our framework and salient results from the case study, and we elaborate on the results of this evaluation. Finally, we present our conclusions and discuss the limitations of our research along with future work that needs to be done.
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Korte, Jannik, Claudia Maderna-Sieben, and Fabian Wespi. "Deciphering Demotic Digitally." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-201668.

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In starting the Demotic Palaeographical Database Project, we intend to build up an online database which pays special attention to the actual appearance of Demotic papyri and texts down to the level of the individual sign. Our idea is to analyse a papyrus with respect to its visual nature, inasmuch as it shall be possible to compare each Demotic sign to other representations of the same sign in other texts and to study its occurrences in different words. Words shall not only be analysed in their textual context but also by their orthography and it should be possible to study even the papyrus itself by means of its material features. Therefore, the Demotic Palaeographical Database Project aims for the creation of a modern and online accessible Demotic palaeography, glossary of word spellings and corpus of manuscripts, which will not only be a convenient tool for Egyptologists and researchers interested in the Demotic writing system or artefacts inscribed with Demotic script but also will serve the conservation of cultural heritage. In our paper, we will present our conceptual ideas and the preliminary version of the database in order to demonstrate its functionalities and possibilities.
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Books on the topic "Digital palaeography"

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Rehbein, Malte, and Stewart Brookes. Digital Palaeography. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.

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Bowman, Alan, and Charles Crowther, eds. The Epigraphy of Ptolemaic Egypt. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198858225.001.0001.

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The book contains twelve chapters, by various authors, discussing aspects of the Greek and Egyptian bilingual and trilingual inscriptions from Egypt during the Ptolemaic period, from the conquest by Alexander the Great (332 BC) to the death of Kleopatra VII (30 BC). It is intended as a complement to the publication of the full texts, with up-to-date commentaries and images, of about 650 inscriptions on stone. These include major decrees of priestly colleges, such as the Rosetta Stone, and a great variety of religious and secular monuments from the whole of Egypt, from Alexandria to Philae. The subjects covered include the latest technologies for digital imaging of stone inscriptions, the character of Egyptian monuments with Greek text, the survival and collection of bilingual monuments in the nineteenth century through excavation and the antiquities trade, religious dedications from Alexandria and elsewhere, the civic government of Greek foundations and public associations, the role of the military in public epigraphy, verse epigrams, onomastics, and palaeography. Overall, the collection offers a comprehensive review of the social, religious, and cultural context of the great inscribed monuments of the Ptolemaic dynasty which are key sources for understanding the coexistence of two different cultures and the impact of Ptolemaic rule and Greek immigration in Egypt.
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Book chapters on the topic "Digital palaeography"

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Castro Correa, Ainoa. "Palaeography, Computer-aided Palaeography and Digital Palaeography: Digital Tools Applied to the Study of Visigothic Script." In Analysis of Ancient and Medieval Texts and Manuscripts: Digital Approaches, 247–72. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.lectio-eb.5.102574.

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Conference papers on the topic "Digital palaeography"

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Dhali, Maruf A., Sheng He, Mladen Popović, Eibert Tigchelaar, and Lambert Schomaker. "A Digital Palaeographic Approach towards Writer Identification in the Dead Sea Scrolls." In 6th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006249706930702.

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