Journal articles: 'Digital terrain model'

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Hanari, Kubad Zeki. "Transformation of Contour Maps to Digital terrain Model (DTM)." Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A 3, no. 1 (April 16, 2000): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10056.

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Sasik, Robert, Jakub Srek, and Alessandro Valetta. "Digital Terrain Model Geospatial Modelling." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 906, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/906/1/012072.

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Abstract The modelling means the world object cognition based on the analogy. This analogy presents an idea and material imitation of some properties of the existing world. It is processed by various anthropogenic objects, in which the chosen properties are presented, defined and characterised as shapes and relations of original objects. The simplified objects are created. These objects are specially created only for world study. These types of objects are called models. To edit the digital terrain model correctly, it is necessary to understand the geospatial modelling.

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Klimánek, M. "Optimization of digital terrain model for its application in forestry." Journal of Forest Science 52, No. 5 (January 9, 2012): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4506-jfs.

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Digital terrain model (DTM) represents a very important geospatial data type. In the CzechRepublic, the most common digital contour data sources are the Primary Geographic Data Base (ZABAGED), the Digital Ground Model (DMÚ25) and eventually the Regional Plans of Forest Development (OPRL). In constructing regular raster DTM, the initial process requires interpolation between the points in order to estimate values in a regular grid pattern. In this study, constructions of DTM from the above-mentioned data were tested using several software products: ArcEditor 9.0, Atlas 3.8, GRASS 6.1, Idrisi 14.02 and TopoL 2001. Algorithm parameters can be optimized in several ways. In this sense a comparison of the first and second derivative of DTM and its real appearance in the terrain and a cross-validation procedure or terrain data measurements to compute and minimize the root mean square error values (RMSE) proved to be the most useful operations. The ZABAGED contour data provided the best results, with software specific algorithms for interpolations of contour data (ArcGIS Desktop Topo to Raster, Idrisi Kilimanjaro TIN).

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Kakimzhanov, Y., A. Yerzhankyzy, and Zh Kozhaev. "Modern methods of processing and creating a digital terrain model." Journal of Geography and Environmental Management 47, no. 4 (2017): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/jgem.2018.2.434.

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Necula, Lucian. "Quality Assessment of Digital Terrain Model." Journal of Military Technology 2, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32754/jmt.2019.2.08.

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Neumyvakin, A. Yu, and A. F. Yakovlev. "CONSTRUCTION OF A DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL." Mapping Sciences and Remote Sensing 23, no. 3 (July 1986): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07493878.1986.10641631.

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Sitanyiova, Dana, Dasa Bacova, Robert Sasik, and Frantisek Malik. "Quantitative and Qualitative Terrain Analysis Based on Digital Terrain Model." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 906, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/906/1/012075.

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Abstract Within the Digital Terrain Models (DTM) processing and consequently qualitative and quantitative analysis, it is possible to gain a credible imagination of real terrain shape. In order to obtain an appropriate DTM, it is necessary to decrease the influence of the gross errors that have negative effects on the final DTM. These gross errors may degrade and in the worst case also ruin the calculations and the final outputs. The gross errors have a greater impact and are harder to define in complicated terrain and pointing out these types of errors depends on the editor’s experiences and terrain knowledge.

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Ni, Chun Di, Shen Kui Liu, and Xiao Wei Yin. "The Establishment of the Digital Elevation Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 1567–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.1567.

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Contour line map and digital terrain model are widely used in practical work. With the rapid development of computer technology, computer graphics and geographic information system, they become more and more practical and their roles have become more prominent. Contour line has incomparable advantage of expressing both qualitative and quantitative information especially in the terrain analysis. Many algorithms of contour line map are automatically generated based on the digital terrain model.

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Sedláček, Jozef, Ondřej Šesták, and Miroslava Sliacka. "Comparison of Digital Elevation Models by Visibility Analysis in Landscape." Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae 19, no. 2 (November 1, 2016): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ahr-2016-0007.

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Abstract The paper investigates suitability of digital surface model for visibility analysis in GIS. In experiment there were analysed viewsheds from 14 observer points calculated on digital surface model, digital terrain model and its comparison to field survey. Data sources for the investigated models were LiDAR digital terrain model and LiDAR digital surface model with vegetation distributed by the Czech Administration for Land Surveying and Cadastre. The overlay method was used for comparing accuracy of models and the reference model was LiDAR digital surface model. Average equalities in comparison with LiDAR digital terrain model, ZABAGED model and field survey were 15.5 %, 17.3% and 20.9%, respectively.

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Ketelaar, A. C. R. "Terrain correction for gravity measurements, using a digital terrain model (DTM)." Geoexploration 24, no. 2 (May 1987): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7142(87)90085-8.

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TSUKAMOTO, Hideshi, and Eri MURAKAMI. "View from Ship by Digital Terrain Model." Journal of Japan Institute of Navigation 101 (1999): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.9749/jin.101.131.

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Alcaras, Emanuele, Ugo Falchi, and Claudio Parente. "Digital Terrain Model Generalization for Multiscale Use." International Review of Civil Engineering (IRECE) 11, no. 2 (March 31, 2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/irece.v11i2.17815.

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MENDONÇA, R. L., and J. L. PORTUGAL. "Digital Terrain Model Generation from Filtering Data of LiDAR of Area With Rugged Terrain." Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ 41, no. 3 (December 4, 2018): 568–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11137/2018_3_568_579.

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Beumier, Charles, and Mahamadou Idrissa. "Digital terrain models derived from digital surface model uniform regions in urban areas." International Journal of Remote Sensing 37, no. 15 (May 16, 2016): 3477–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2016.1182666.

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Costa, Elias Mendes, Alessandro Samuel-Rosa, and Lúcia Helena Cunha dos Anjos. "Digital elevation model quality on digital soil mapping prediction accuracy." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 42, no. 6 (December 2018): 608–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542018426027418.

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ABSTRACT Digital elevation models (DEM) used in digital soil mapping (DSM) are commonly selected based on measures and indicators (quality criteria) that are thought to reflect how well a given DEM represents the terrain surface. The hypothesis is that the more accurate a DEM, the more accurate will be the DSM predictions. The objective of this study was to assess different criteria to identify the DEM that delivers the most accurate DSM predictions. A set of 10 criteria were used to evaluate the quality of nine DEMs constructed with different data sources, processing routines and three resolutions (5, 20, and 30 m). Multinomial logistic regression models were calibrated using 157 soil observations and terrain attributes derived from each DEM. Soil class predictions were validated using leave-one-out cross-validation. Results showed that, for each resolution, the quality criteria are useful to identify the DEM that more accurately represents the terrain surface. However, for all three resolutions, the most accurate DEM did not produce the most accurate DSM predictions. With the 20-m resolution DEMs, DSM predictions were five percentage points less accurate when using the more accurate DEM. The 5-m resolution was the most accurate DEM overall and resulted in DSM predictions with 44% accuracy; this value was equal to that obtained with two coarser resolution, lower accuracy DEMs. Thus, identifying the truly best DEM for DSM requires assessment of the accuracy of DSM predictions using some form of external validation, because not necessarily the most accurate DEM will produce the best DSM predictions.

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Seib, Nadine, Jonas Kley, Jewgenij Torizin, Ina Zander, and Andreas Büchel Goepel. "Identification of volcanic landforms in a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) of the Westeifel." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 159, no. 4 (December 8, 2008): 657–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2008/0159-0657.

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Voina, Ioan, Maricel Palamariu, Iohan Neuner, Tudor Salagean, Dumitru Onose, Mircea Ortelecan, Anca Maria Moscovici, and Mariana Calin. "Digital Modeling Phenomenon Of Surface Ground Movement." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 73, no. 2 (November 30, 2016): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:12363.

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With the development of specialized software applications it was possible to approach and resolve complex problems concerning automating and process optimization for which are being used field data. Computerized representation of the shape and dimensions of the Earth requires a detailed mathematical modeling, known as "digital terrain model". The paper aims to present the digital terrain model of Vulcan mining, Hunedoara County, Romania. Modeling consists of a set of mathematical equations that define in detail the surface of Earth and has an approximate surface rigorously and mathematical, that calculated the land area. Therefore, the digital terrain model means a digital representation of the earth's surface through a mathematical model that approximates the land surface modeling, which can be used in various civil and industrial applications in. To achieve the digital terrain model of data recorded using linear and nonlinear interpolation method based on point survey which highlights the natural surface studied. Given the complexity of this work it is absolutely necessary to know in detail of all topographic elements of work area, without the actions to be undertaken to project and manipulate would not be possible. To achieve digital terrain model, within a specialized software were set appropriate parameters required to achieve this case study. After performing all steps we obtained digital terrain model of Vulcan Mine. Digital terrain model is the complex product, which has characteristics that are equivalent to the specialists that use satellite images and information stored in a digital model, this is easier to use.

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Valetta, Alessandro, Jakub Chromcak, Peter Danisovic, and Gabriel Gaspar. "Comparison of Digital Terrain and Surface Models for next Usage in a Chosen Locality." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 906, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/906/1/012066.

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Abstract There are many possibilities for applications of digital terrain model and digital surface model due to their georeferenced character. The informational system of georeferenced data of Slovakia called ZBGIS gives new opportunities of downloading digital data in various formats. It is possible to download ortophotomosaics, ZBGIS raster at various scales, point cloud but digital terrain models and digital surface models with great possibilities of their application in GIS calculations as well.

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Musikhin, Vasilii, and Iurii Kurkov. "Generation of digital terrain model using radar photography." Вестник Пермского национального исследовательского политехнического университета. Геология. Нефтегазовое и горное дело 12, no. 9 (2013): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2224-9923/2013.9.13.

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Saritha, G., T. Saravanan, K. Anbumani, and J. Surendiran. "Digital elevation model and terrain mapping using LiDAR." Materials Today: Proceedings 46 (2021): 3979–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.02.525.

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Guiotte, F., G. Etaix, S. Lefèvre, and T. Corpetti. "INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL ANALYSIS IN ATTRIBUTE SPACE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2020 (August 14, 2020): 1203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2020-1203-2020.

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Abstract. The use of high-resolution digital terrain model derived from airborne LiDAR system becomes more and more prevalent. Effective multi-scale structure characterization is of crucial importance for various domains such as geosciences, archaeology and Earth observation. This paper deals with structure detection in large datasets with little or no prior knowledge. In a recent work, we have demonstrated the relevance of hierarchical representations to enhance the description of digital elevation models (Guiotte et al., 2019). In this paper, we proceed further and use the pattern spectrum, a multi-scale tool originating from mathematical morphology, further enhanced by hierarchical representations. The pattern spectra allow to globally and efficiently compute the distribution of size and shapes of the objects contained in a digital elevation model. The tree-based pattern spectra used in this paper allowed us to analyse and extract features of interest. We report experiments in a natural environment with two use cases, related to gold panning and dikes respectively. The process is fast enough to allow interactive analysis.

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Acharya, Bishwa, and Arvind Chaturvedi. "Digital Terrain Model: Elevation Extraction and Accuracy Assessment." Journal of Surveying Engineering 123, no. 2 (May 1997): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9453(1997)123:2(71).

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Li, Zhilin. "ON THE MEASURE OF DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL ACCURACY." Photogrammetric Record 12, no. 72 (August 26, 2006): 873–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1988.tb00636.x.

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Dorozhko, E. "CONVERT PAPER CARD IN A DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL." Municipal economy of cities 7, no. 146 (2018): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2018-7-146-214-217.

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Kazanskiy, B. A. "A DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL FOR GEOMORPHOLOGICAL DATA BANKS." Mapping Sciences and Remote Sensing 26, no. 1 (January 1989): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07493878.1989.10641743.

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Hao, Jingbin, Hansong Ji, Hao Liu, Zhongkai Li, and Haifeng Yang. "Research on colorized physical terrain modeling for intelligent vehicle navigation." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 7 (July 2018): 168781401878741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018787410.

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Colorized physical terrain models are needed in many applications, such as intelligent navigation, military strategy planning, landscape architecting, and land-use planning. However, current terrain elevation information is stored as digital elevation model file format, and terrain color information is generally stored in aerial images. A method is presented to directly convert the digital elevation model file and aerial images of a given terrain to the colorized virtual three-dimensional terrain model, which can be processed and fabricated by color three-dimensional printers. First, the elevation data and color data were registered and fused. Second, the colorized terrain surface model was created by using the virtual reality makeup language file format. Third, the colorized three-dimensional terrain model was built by adding a base and four walls. Finally, the colorized terrain physical model was fabricated by using a color three-dimensional printer. A terrain sample with typical topographic features was selected for analysis, and the results demonstrated that the colorized virtual three-dimensional terrain model can be constructed efficiently and the colorized physical terrain model can be fabricated precisely, which makes it easier for users to understand and make full use of the given terrain.

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Tarolli, P., and D. G. Tarboton. "A new method for determination of most likely landslide initiation points and the evaluation of digital terrain model scale in terrain stability mapping." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 5 (September 27, 2006): 663–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-10-663-2006.

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Abstract. This paper introduces a new approach for determining the most likely initiation points for landslides from potential instability mapped using a terrain stability model. This approach identifies the location with critical stability index from a terrain stability model on each downslope path from ridge to valley. Any measure of terrain stability may be used with this approach, which here is illustrated using results from SINMAP, and from simply taking slope as an index of potential instability. The relative density of most likely landslide initiation points within and outside mapped landslide scars provides a way to evaluate the effectiveness of a terrain stability measure, even when mapped landslide scars include run out zones, rather than just initiation locations. This relative density was used to evaluate the utility of high resolution terrain data derived from airborne laser altimetry (LIDAR) for a small basin located in the Northeastern Region of Italy. Digital Terrain Models were derived from the LIDAR data for a range of grid cell sizes (from 2 to 50 m). We found appreciable differences between the density of most likely landslide initiation points within and outside mapped landslides with ratios as large as three or more with the highest ratios for a digital terrain model grid cell size of 10 m. This leads to two conclusions: (1) The relative density from a most likely landslide initiation point approach is useful for quantifying the effectiveness of a terrain stability map when mapped landslides do not or can not differentiate between initiation, runout, and depositional areas; and (2) in this study area, where landslides occurred in complexes that were sometimes more than 100 m wide, a digital terrain model scale of 10 m is optimal. Digital terrain model scales larger than 10 m result in loss of resolution that degrades the results, while for digital terrain model scales smaller than 10 m the physical processes responsible for triggering landslides are obscured by smaller scale terrain variability.

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Roshchin, Dmitriy A. "Improving the accuracy of forming a digital terrain model along the railway." Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika, no. 2 (2021): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2021-2-22-29.

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The problem of improving the accuracy of digital terrain models created for monitoring and diagnostics of the railway track and the surrounding area is considered. A technical solution to this problem is presented, which includes a method for joint aerial photography and laser scanning, as well as a method for digital processing of the obtained data. The relevance of using this solution is due to the existence of zones of weak reception of signals from the global navigation satellite system, since in these zones the accuracy of constructing digital terrain models using currently used diagnostic spatial scanning systems is reduced. The technical solution is based on the method of digital processing of aerial photographs of the railway track. In this case, as elements of external orientation, the threads of the rail track located at a normalized distance from each other are used. The use of this method made it possible to increase the accuracy of determining the flight path of an aircraft over railway tracks and, as a result, the accuracy of calculating the coordinates of points on the earth's surface. As a result, a digital terrain model was created that is suitable for diagnostics and monitoring the condition of the railway trackbed. During simulation modeling, it was found that the application of the proposed method allowed to reduce to 50 % the confidence interval of the distribution of the error in determining the coordinates of points on the terrain and increase the accuracy of forming a digital terrain model. This promising technical solution for improving the accuracy of digital terrain models for railway track diagnostics is implemented using unmanned aerial vehicles that are part of the mobile diagnostic complex. The advantages of the proposed solution include high efficiency and availability of application.

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Lisitsky, D. V., A. G. Osipov, and V. N. Savinykh. "Digital Twin of the Terrain and methods geocognitive modeling." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 1 (May 18, 2022): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2022-1-206-212.

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Approaches to the formation of a Digital Twin of Terrain (DTT) of a given territory are considered in combination with methods of geocognitive modeling for its further use in solving geospatial problems. It is shown that DTT is an adjustable dynamic balance of information flows between digital and physical objects of the area, which is a permanent generator of new knowledge about the area in real time. The difference between the concepts is indicated: a digital terrain model, a digital terrain shadow, a digital twin of the terrain in the geocognitive analysis of the terrain as the main aspect of any study area. It was revealed that with the help of DTT it is possible to model the changes occurring in the territorial system as a whole, as well as as a result of changes in its individual fragments due to the emergence effect. The possibility of using methods of geocognitive terrain modeling to assess the effectiveness of territory management and eliminate the risks of its development is determined. The necessity of combining simulation models and geocognitive methods with the use of artificial intelligence is indicated.

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Khaitov, B. U. "Digital Terrain Simulation for Preliminary Territory Analysis." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Instrument Engineering, no. 3 (126) (June 2019): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3933-2019-3-64-76.

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The paper presents a technique for determining average slope and terrain complexity index per regions we named "blocks"; the data will subsequently be used for digital terrain simulation in engineering design problems. We also describe a method for finding the block plane, which allows average slope to be determined quantitatively and qualitatively. It is possible to locate the steepest-descent vector by computing the attitude of the block plane. These steepest-descent vectors of terrain blocks indicate that surface runoff occurs on the terrain. We propose a technique using terrain blocks for estimating the terrain complexity index of a region. Determining average slope and terrain complexity per block facilitates visualising these parameters in the form of a choropleth map. A digital terrain model partitioned into block-shaped regions makes it possible to perform preliminary visual analysis of the territory represented, which is useful for various engineering design problems and optimal decision making in the case of multiple options.

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Varga, Matej, Marijan Grgić, Olga Bjelotomić Oršulić, and Tomislav Bašić. "Influence of digital elevation model resolution on gravimetric terrain correction over a study-area of Croatia." Geofizika 36, no. 1 (2019): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15233/gfz.2019.36.1.

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High-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) have become available in the last decade. They are used in geodesy and geophysics as the main data for modeling of topographic mass effects included in gravimetric and gradiometric measurements. In modeling process, gravimeric terrain correction is the central quantity which accounts for the variations of topographic masses around measured stations. This study deals with one segment of terrain correction computation: the impact of the resolution of digital elevation models. Computations are performed on study area of Republic of Croatia. Newly created DEM/DBM for the study area is created from global digital surface model ASTER for continental area, and digital bathymetric model GEBCO for the sea area. DEMs with lower resolution were created by resampling of the created ASTER/GEBCO DEM/DBM in 1″ resolution. Terrain correction map is computed and published for the first time for the Republic of Croatia. The differences between terrain correction solutions obtained by using lower resolution DEMs compared to the solution obtained by using DEM with 1″ are indicating average influence of DEM resolution on terrain correction from 0,5·10–5 to 3·10–5 ms–2, for DEMs with lower resolution than 5″. The results also reveal that rugged and mountainous areas are particularly problematic in such computations.

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Hall, John K. "The 25-m DTM (Digital Terrain Model) of Israel." Israel Journal of Earth Sciences 57, no. 3 (December 1, 2008): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijes.57.3-4.145.

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Xu, Xuejun, Xiashu Ding, and Xiaotian Wang. "Highway Alignment Calculation Method Based on Digital Terrain Model." Information Technology Journal 12, no. 22 (November 1, 2013): 6670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/itj.2013.6670.6675.

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Muzik, Juraj, Anna Seidlova, Maria Kudelcikova, Cheynesh Kongar-Syuryun, and Jan Mihalik. "Flood Hazard Calculation by Using a Digital Terrain Model." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 906, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/906/1/012067.

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Abstract Due to the global warming and the high environmental burden to the country, the risk of flood hazards increases hand in hand with the climate changes. It is not the only hazard, but parts of this hazard may be eliminated by using flood barriers, flood defences, etc. There are anthropogenic possibilities of the flood barriers’ application, such as dams, bags, regulated riverbeds. There are also protections with natural elements that can used, namely water gardens, water stages, balanced vegetation planting. The strength, dimension and position may be calculated from the proper terrain data.

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Gruen, Armin W., and Emmanuel P. Baltsavias. "High-precision image matching for digital terrain model generation." Photogrammetria 42, no. 3 (December 1987): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-8663(87)90045-7.

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Guan, Xiao-Wei, Li-Xin Guo, Ya-Jiao Wang, and Qing-Liang Li. "Parabolic Equation Modeling of Propagation over Terrain Using Digital Elevation Model." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1878307.

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The parabolic equation method based on digital elevation model (DEM) is applied on propagation predictions over irregular terrains. Starting from a parabolic approximation to the Helmholtz equation, a wide-angle parabolic equation is deduced under the assumption of forward propagation and the split-step Fourier transform algorithm is used to solve it. The application of DEM is extended to the Cartesian coordinate system and expected to provide a precise representation of a three-dimensional surface with high efficiency. In order to validate the accuracy, a perfectly conducting Gaussian terrain profile is simulated and the results are compared with the shift map. As a consequence, a good agreement is observed. Besides, another example is given to provide a theoretical basis and reference for DEM selection. The simulation results demonstrate that the prediction errors will be obvious only when the resolution of the DEM used is much larger than the range step in the PE method.

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Odalović, Oleg R., Sanja M. Grekulović, Miroslav Starcević, Dobrica Nikolić, Miljana S. Todorović Drakul, and Danilo Joksimović. "Terrain correction computations using digital density model of topographic masses." Geodetski vestnik 62, no. 01 (2018): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2018.01.79-97.

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Banerjee, Paramesh. "Gravity measurements and terrain corrections using a digital terrain model in the NW Himalaya." Computers & Geosciences 24, no. 10 (December 1998): 1009–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0098-3004(97)00134-9.

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Gairabekov, I. G., A. I. Hamzatov, A. T. Mishieva, E. I. Ibragimova, M.-B. I. Gairabekov, and A. I. Gayrabekova. "Development of a digital surface model and a digital terrain model based on ERS data." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 905 (August 26, 2020): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/905/1/012025.

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Zhang, Lei, Ping Wang, Chengyi Huang, Bo Ai, and Wenjun Feng. "A Method of Optimizing Terrain Rendering Using Digital Terrain Analysis." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 10 (October 1, 2021): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100666.

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Terrain rendering is an important issue in Geographic Information Systems and other fields. During large-scale, real-time terrain rendering, complex terrain structure and an increasing amount of data decrease the smoothness of terrain rendering. Existing rendering methods rarely use the features of terrain to optimize terrain rendering. This paper presents a method to increase rendering performance through precomputing roughness and self-occlusion information making use of GIS-based Digital Terrain Analysis. Our method is based on GPU tessellation. We use quadtrees to manage patches and take surface roughness in Digital Terrain Analysis as a factor of Levels of Detail (LOD) selection. Before rendering, we first regularly partition the terrain scene into view cells. Then, for each cell, we calculate its potential visible patch set (PVPS) using a visibility analysis algorithm. After that, A PVPS Image Pyramid is built, and each LOD level has its corresponding PVPS. The PVPS Image Pyramid is stored on a disk and is read into RAM before rendering. Based on the PVPS Image Pyramid and the viewpoint’s position, invisible terrain areas that are not culled through view frustum culling can be dynamically culled. We use Digital Elevation Model (DEM) elevation data of a square area in Henan Province to verify the effectiveness of this method. The experiments show that this method can increase the frame rate compared with other methods, especially for lower camera flight heights.

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Ren, Tianhe, Wenping Gong, Victor Mwango Bowa, Huiming Tang, Jun Chen, and Fumeng Zhao. "An Improved R-Index Model for Terrain Visibility Analysis for Landslide Monitoring with InSAR." Remote Sensing 13, no. 10 (May 16, 2021): 1938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13101938.

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The interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique is widely adopted for detecting and monitoring landslides, but its effectiveness is often degraded in mountainous terrains, due to geometric distortions in the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image input. To evaluate the terrain effect on the applicability of InSAR in landslide monitoring, a variety of visibility evaluation models have been developed, among which the R-index models are quite popular. In consideration of the poor performance of the existing R-index models in the passive layover region, this study presents an improved R-index model, in which a coefficient for improving the visibility evaluation in the far passive layover regions is incorporated. To demonstrate the applicability of the improved R-index model, the terrain visibility of SAR images in Fengjie, a county in the Three Gorges Reservoirs region, China, is studied. The effectiveness of the improved R-index model is demonstrated through comparing the visibility evaluation results with those obtained from the existing R-index models and P-NG method. Further, the effects of the line-of-sight (LOS) parameters of SAR images and the resolution of the digital elevation model (DEM) on the terrain visibility are discussed.

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Li, Hui, Lin Chen, Zhaoyang Wang, and Zhongdi Yu. "Mapping of River Terraces with Low-Cost UAS Based Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry in a Complex Terrain Setting." Remote Sensing 11, no. 4 (February 24, 2019): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11040464.

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River terraces are the principal geomorphic features for unraveling tectonics, sea level, and climate conditions during the evolutionary history of a river. The increasing availability of high-resolution topography data generated by low-cost Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) and modern photogrammetry offer an opportunity to identify and characterize these features. In this paper, we assessed the capabilities of UAS-based Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry, coupled with a river terrace detection algorithm for mapping of river terraces over a 1.9 km2 valley of complex terrain setting, with a focus on the performance of this latest technology over such complex terrains. With the proposed image acquisition approach and SfM photogrammetry, we constructed a 3.8 cm resolution orthomosaic and digital surface model (DSM). The vertical accuracy of DSM was assessed against 196 independent checkpoints measured with a real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS. The results indicated that the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) were 3.1 cm and 2.9 cm, respectively. These encouraging results suggest that this low-cost, logistically simple method can deliver high-quality terrain datasets even in the complex terrain, competitive with those obtained using more expensive laser scanning. A simple algorithm was then employed to detect river terraces from the generated DSM. The results showed that three levels of river terraces and a high-level floodplain were identified. Most of the detected river terraces were confirmed by field observations. Despite the highly erosive nature of fluvial systems, this work obtained good results, allowing fast analysis of fluvial valleys and their comparison. Overall, our results demonstrated that the low-cost UAS-based SfM technique could yield highly accurate ultrahigh-resolution topography data over complex terrain settings, making it particularly suitable for quick and cost-effective mapping of micro to medium-sized geomorphic features under such terrains in remote or poorly accessible areas. Methods discussed in this paper can also be applied to produce highly accurate digital terrain data over large spatial extents for some other places of complex terrains.

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Klimánek, Martin. "Accuracy of digital terrain model and its application in forestry." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 55, no. 4 (2007): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200755040137.

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Digital terrain model (DTM) is considered as an important geospatial data layer. At the present in the Czech Republic, digital contour data sources are often used for constructing regular raster DTM; the initial process requires interpolation between the points in order to estimate values in a regular grid pattern. The commonly used data sources are: the Primary Geographic Data Base (ZABAGED), the Digital Territory Model (DMÚ25) and eventually the Regional Plans of Forest Development (OPRL). In this paper, some constructions of DTM based on the above mentioned data were tested using several software products. Algorithm parameters can be optimized in several ways; in this sense the most useful operations proved comparing the first and second derivative of DTM and its real appearance in terrain and using cross-validation procedure or terrain data measurements to compute and minimize the root mean square error values (RMSE). The Forest Training Enterprise “Masaryk Forest” was the area for the experimental optimization of DTM.

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McCubbine, J. C., W. E. Featherstone, and J. F. Kirby. "Fast-Fourier-based error propagation for the gravimetric terrain correction." GEOPHYSICS 82, no. 4 (July 1, 2017): G71—G76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0627.1.

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We have identified a gap in the literature on error propagation in the gravimetric terrain correction. Therefore, we have derived a mathematical framework to model the propagation of spatially correlated digital elevation model errors into gravimetric terrain corrections. As an example, we have determined how such an error model can be formulated for the planar terrain correction and then be evaluated efficiently using the 2D Fourier transform. We have computed 18.3 billion linear terrain corrections and corresponding error estimates for a 1 arc-second ([Formula: see text]) digital elevation model covering the whole of the Australian continent.

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Stefanescu, E. R., M. Bursik, G. Cordoba, K. Dalbey, M. D. Jones, A. K. Patra, D. C. Pieri, E. B. Pitman, and M. F. Sheridan. "Digital elevation model uncertainty and hazard analysis using a geophysical flow model." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 468, no. 2142 (February 8, 2012): 1543–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2011.0711.

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This paper describes a new methodology to quantify the variation in the output of a computational fluid dynamics model for block and ash flows, when the digital elevation model (DEM) of the terrain and other inputs are given as a range of possible values with a prescribed uncertainty. Integrating these variations in the possible flows as a function of input uncertainties provides well-defined hazard probabilities at specific locations, i.e. a hazard map. Earlier work provided a methodology for assessing hazards based on variations in flow initiation and friction parameters. This paper extends this approach to include the effect of terrain error and uncertainty. The results are based on potential flows at Mammoth Mountain, CA, and Galeras Volcano, Colombia. The analysis establishes the soundness of the approach and the effect of including the uncertainty in DEMs in the construction of probabilistic hazard maps.

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Tenthoff, Moritz, Kay Wohlfarth, and Christian Wöhler. "High Resolution Digital Terrain Models of Mercury." Remote Sensing 12, no. 23 (December 6, 2020): 3989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12233989.

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We refined our Shape from Shading (SfS) algorithm, which has previously been used to create digital terrain models (DTMs) of the Lunar and Martian surfaces, to generate high-resolution DTMs of Mercury from MESSENGER imagery. To adapt the reconstruction procedure to the specific conditions of Mercury and the available imagery, we introduced two methodic innovations. First, we extended the SfS algorithm to enable the 3D-reconstruction from image mosaics. Because most mosaic tiles were acquired at different times and under various illumination conditions, the brightness of adjacent tiles may vary. Brightness variations that are not fully captured by the reflectance model may yield discontinuities at tile borders. We found that the relaxation of the constraint for a continuous albedo map improves the topographic results of an extensive region removing discontinuities at tile borders. The second innovation enables the generation of accurate DTMs from images with substantial albedo variations, such as hollows. We employed an iterative procedure that initializes the SfS algorithm with the albedo map that was obtained by the previous iteration step. This approach converges and yields a reasonable albedo map and topography. With these approaches, we generated DTMs of several science targets such as the Rachmaninoff basin, Praxiteles crater, fault lines, and several hollows. To evaluate the results, we compared our DTMs with stereo DTMs and laser altimeter data. In contrast to coarse laser altimetry tracks and stereo algorithms, which tend to be affected by interpolation artifacts, SfS can generate DTMs almost at image resolution. The root mean squared errors (RMSE) at our target sites are below the size of the horizontal image resolution. For some targets, we could achieve an effective resolution of less than 10 m/pixel, which is the best resolution of Mercury to date. We critically discuss the limitations of the evaluation methodology.

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Germak, Oksana, Oksana Gugueva, and Natalya Kalacheva. "Creation of digital terrain models using software applications." E3S Web of Conferences 281 (2021): 05008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128105008.

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The article discusses the construction of a digital terrain model in various programs, which will be used for the vertical planning design. One of the major challenges in this area is the creation of an accurate and realistic surface, which will give an opportunity to create a quality and compliant site. To solve this problem and analyze, a model of the same territory and the same initial data has been built. The paper presents a construction algorithms DTM a method of constructing an irregular grid of heights, graphical implementation and analysis.

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Chen, Shi Ling, Jun Lu, Wei Wei Yu, and Shao Liang Zhang. "A Simple Three-Dimensional Terrain Modeling Method for Complex Terrain Wind Environment Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 2420–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.2420.

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In order to solve the problems in complex terrain modeling by computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulation at prophase, such as difficulty in collecting data, tedious modeling process, wasting times and so on. In this paper, combined various commonly digital technology，and the transformation between the network terrain file and CFD (PHOENICS) solid model is realized by using a new set of outdoor complex terrain rapid digital modeling method. Take mountain city -Chongqing as an object to analyses the near-surface wind environment. The method is directly generated by the network terrain data without any screening or simplified. The virtual model can be matched the actual terrain with the extreme. By using the simulation cycle for complex terrain, time will be greatly shortened for urban planning.

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Gallant, John C., and Jenet M. Austin. "Derivation of terrain covariates for digital soil mapping in Australia." Soil Research 53, no. 8 (2015): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr14271.

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Digital soil mapping is founded on the availability of covariates that are used as surrogates for the spatial patterns in soil properties. One important subset of covariates represents the patterns due to terrain, and these are typically derived from a digital elevation model at a suitable resolution. When each digital soil mapping exercise requires the calculation of terrain covariates, there is a clear potential for inconsistent methods and for choosing the covariates that are easiest to derive rather than those that are most relevant. The creation of open repositories of relevant terrain covariates that are correctly derived avoids these problems and fosters the application of digital soil mapping and other modelling activities that benefit from landscape properties. This paper describes the creation of a suite of commonly used terrain covariates from the 1-arcsecond (~30 m) resolution digital elevation models for Australia that were released through CSIRO’s Data Access Portal and the TERN Data Discovery Portal. The methods used to derive the terrain covariates are described and their characteristics are identified.

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Bandara, Kande R. M. U., Lal Samarakoon, Rajendra P. Shrestha, and Yoshikazu Kamiya. "Automated Generation of Digital Terrain Model using Point Clouds of Digital Surface Model in Forest Area." Remote Sensing 3, no. 5 (April 27, 2011): 845–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs3050845.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Digital terrain model'

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