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Stadin, Andreas, and la Vaux Oskar de. "Digital twin of crane robot." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44848.
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The creation of digital twins has been on a rise in the last years, and digital twins are becoming an essential part in today's industries. To be able to keep up, the engineering students at Högskolan i Halmstad need to follow and explore the current development. The goal with this project is to introduce digital twins to the students and give them a wider knowledge about the future of manufacturing.In this project a digital twin was developed from a physical crane. The digital twin was made from a CAD model and was imported into a simulator to replicate the physical robot and its parts. The digital twin had virtual sensors installed and may be considered a cyber-physical system.<br>På senare år har skapandet och användandet av digitala tvillingar ökat drastiskt och de håller på att implementeras i dagens industrier. För att ingenjör studenterna på Högskolan i Halmstad skall hänga med i utvecklingen av dagens tekniska samhälle, behöver de vara med och utforska de tekniska nyheter som finns. Målet med detta projekt är att introducera digitala tvillingar till ingenjör studenterna, för att ge dem en bredare grundkunskap inom framtidens industrier.I detta projekt har en digital tvilling utvecklats utifrån att efterlikna en fysisk kran. Utvecklingen av den digitala tvillingen har designats som en CAD-modell och importerats in i en simulator för att efterlikna den fysiska kranen och dess delar. På den digitala tvillingen har även virtuella sensorer installerats och systemet kan anses vara ett cyber-physical system.
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Puolakanaho, J. (Jere). "Digital twin using multivariate prediction." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201906212621.
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Abstract. Digital Twin is a digital replica of physical assets, processes and systems that can be used for various purposes. Virtual model is constructed from the corresponding physical model and these two are then connected by generating real time data using sensors. Resent advances in technology have enabled this, because they have made digital environments cost-efficient. The goal is to simulate the real world with minimal physical resources using machine learning, multivariate analysis and other mathematical techniques. Optimally no physical resources go to waste in testing and development.
Runtime validation means monitoring and validating a running system with both digital and physical models. Simulated (digital) model parameters are used in the physical model and then the simulated model is updated with new data from the physical model. Simulated model gains more and more data over time becoming more accurate.
This thesis studies the applicability of mathematical models as a prediction tool to predict and validate systems behaviour as a part of simulation. And further, be used in analysis in a digital twin model.Tiivistelmä. Digitaalinen kaksonen on digitaalinen kopio fyysisistä voimavaroista, prosesseista ja systeemeistä, jota voidaan käyttää moniin tarkoituksiin. Virtuaalinen malli rakennetaan vastaavasta fyysisestä mallista ja nämä yhdistetään toisiinsa luomalla reaaliaikaista dataa sensoreilla. Viimeaikaiset kehitykset teknologiassa ovat mahdollistaneet tämän tekemällä digitaalisista ympäristöistä kustannustehokkaita. Tehtävänä on simuloida oikeaa maailmaa minimaalisilla fyysisillä resursseilla käyttäen koneoppimista, monimuuttuja-analyysiä ja muita matemaattisia tekniikoita. Parhaimmillaan fyysisiä resursseja ei menisi hukkaan testauksessa ja kehityksessä.
Ajonaikainen validointi tarkoittaa toimivan systeemin tarkkailua ja validointia fyysisen ja digitaalisen mallin avulla. Simuloidun (digitaalisen) mallin arvoja käytetään fyysisessä mallissa ja simuloitua mallia päivitetään uudella datalla fyysisen mallin tulosten perusteella. Simuloitu malli saa yhä enemmän dataa ajan saatossa ja tätä myötä paranee.
Tämä tutkielma tutkii matemaattisten mallien käytettävyyttä ennustukseen ja systeemin validointiin sekä simulaatiossa että digitaalisen kaksosen analyysissä.
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Riciputi, Jacopo. "Analisi delle piattaforme per Digital Twin." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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Lo scopo di questa tesi è di analizzare il contesto creatosi nell’ultimo decennio attorno ai
Digital Twin. La nascita di tecnologie abilitanti ha permesso ai gemelli digitali di essere
riconosciuti come tecnologia di riferimento per guidare il percorso evolutivo nei domini
applicativi in cui vi è un forte accoppiamento tra il mondo fisico e quello virtuale. Tra di
essi troviamo: manifattura, sanità e città intelligenti.
Inizialmente questo testo si concentrerà sull’individuare una definizione di riferimento
che faccia chiarezza sui requisiti necessari per non fallire nell’adozione dei Digital Twin.
Proseguendo poi nell’analizzare quali siano le tecnologie abilitanti che permettano ai
Digital Twin di garantire i risultati attesi. Allo stesso tempo l’obiettivo è anche considerare
quali difficoltà potrebbero creare insidie durante il percorso di adeguamento.
L’elaborato si concentrerà poi sull’identificare quali siano i requisiti per una piattaforma
di supporto a un’ ecosistema di Digital Twin. Sottolineando la differenza tra requisiti
basilari: necessari all’abilitazione di una infrastruttura per tale scopo; e requisiti avanzati:
che mirino a un ambiente evoluto che ospiti gemelli digitali intelligenti, capaci di imparare
per poi autonomamente correggersi. Verranno poi trasportati questi requisiti sulle principali
piattaforme di Cloud Computing con moduli di supporto ai Digital Twin. Permettendo un
confronto che rilevi le caratteristiche comuni tra le piattaforme e allo stesso tempo mostri,
per ognuna di esse, i rispettivi punti di forza.
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Shaik, Aamir Malik, and Matadha Sidhvin Dulevale. "Digital Twin : Visualization-Assisted Corrective Maintenance." Thesis, KTH, Mekatronik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-288098.
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This thesis evaluates the significance of the Digital Twin based data-driven solution, in helping corrective maintenance technicians leverage their multi-disciplinary engineering skills to solve complex mechatronic problems. Due to the complex mechatronic nature of the faults, human involvement is necessary for corrective maintenance. Even today, many industries perform corrective maintenance by following methods that are both time inefficient and error prone. Software/AI based solutions have been widely reported to have failed due to neglect of human aspect in maintenance. The role of human cannot be completely replaced by software systems yet. Standard maintenance practices such as FMEA and RCA are costly, time consuming and susceptible to errors. On the other side, Digital Twin (DT) based solutions have shown to have improved management and effectiveness of maintenance by considering the human aspect. However, for corrective maintenance, the solution is still in its conceptual stage. There is a need to practically implement a Digital Twin based solution and quantitatively evaluate its significance. Recent studies have shown that Digital Twin concept, built on model-based approach, has a tremendous potential in providing all the essential data required to control the behaviour of a network of physical devices, and at the same time, virtually monitor their real-world states effectively. This thesis first attempts to develop user-centric visualizations built on a fully integrated digital twin of a complex Cyber Physical Production System (CPPS), and then it tries to evaluate its effectiveness (in terms of correctness and efficiency) in solving the corrective maintenance problem. Experimental results show that when the corrective maintenance task is assisted by user-centricvisualizations from a real-time Digital Twin, it significantly improved the accuracy and efficiency of the maintenance technician by about 24% and 52,4% respectively. Further, a post-experimental qualitative analysis explains that it is not any visualization but a Digital Twin based data-driven visualization, built on the user requirements that helped perform the corrective maintenance task more effectively.<br>Denna avhandling utvärderar betydelsen av den datadrivna lösningen som baseras på en Digital Tvilling vilken hjälper korrigerande underhållstekniker att utnyttja sina tvärvetenskapliga tekniska färdigheter vid åtgärdande av komplexa mekatroniska problem. Med anledning av felens komplexa mekatroniska natur är mänsklig inblandning nödvändig vid korrigerande underhåll. Även idag utför många industrier korrigerande underhåll genom att använda metoder som både är tidsineffektiva och felbenägna. Mjukvaru- eller AI-baserade lösningar har vida rapporterats ha misslyckats med anledning av ett försummande av den mänskliga aspekten i underhåll. Än så länge kan inte den mänskliga rollen helt ersättas av mjukvarusystem. Standard praxis för underhåll såsom FMEA och RCA är kostsamma, tidskrävande och känsliga för fel. Å andra sidan har lösningar som baserats på en Digital Tvilling (DT) visat på förbättrad hantering och effektivitet av underhåll genom att ta hänsyn till den mänskliga aspekten. För korrigerande underhåll är lösningen dock fortfarande i sitt konceptuella skede. Det finns ett behov av att praktiskt implementera en lösning baserad på en Digital Tvilling och kvantitativt utvärdera dess betydelse. Nyligen utförda studier har visat att ett Digtal Tvilling-koncept, uppbyggt på ett modellbaserat tillvägagångssätt, har en enorm potential i att tillhandahålla alla nödvändiga data som krävs för att kontrollera beteendet hos ett nätverk av fysiska enheter och samtidigt virtuellt övervaka deras verkliga tillstånd effektivt. Denna avhandling försöker först utveckla användarcentrerade visualiseringar uppbyggda på en helt integrerad Digital Tvilling av ett komplext Cyberfysiskt Produktionssystem (Cyber Physical Production System CPPS) och försöker sedan utvärdera dess effektivitet (när det gäller korrekthet och effektivitet) för att lösa problemet vid korrigerandeunderhåll. Experimentella resultat visar att när uppgiften vid korrigerande underhåll assisteras av användarcentrerade visualiseringar från en i realtid motsvarande Digital Tvilling förbättrades underhållsteknikerns noggrannhet och effektivitet med cirka 24% respektive 52,4%. Vidareförklarar en post-experimentell kvalitativ analys att det inte är vilken visualisering som helst utanen datadriven visualisering baserad på en digital tvilling och uppbyggd på användarkrav som hjälpte till att utföra uppgiften för korrigerande underhåll mer effektivt.
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Eyring, Andrew Stuart. "Analysis of Closed-Loop Digital Twin." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9242.
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Given recent advancements in technology and recognizing the evolution of smart manufacturing, the implementation of digital twins for factories and processes is becoming more common and more useful. Additionally, expansion in connectivity, growth in data storage, and the implementation of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) allow for greater opportunities not only with digital twins but closed loop analytics. Discrete Event Simulation (DES) has been used to create digital twins and in some instances fitted with live connections to closely monitor factory operations. However, the benefits of a connected digital twin are not easily quantified. Therefore, a test bed demonstration factory was used, which implements smart technologies, to evaluate the effectiveness of a closed-loop digital twin in identifying and reacting to trends in production. This involves a digital twin of a factory process using DES. Although traditional DES is typically modeled using historical data, a DES system was developed which made use of live data with embedded machine learning to improve predictions. This model had live data updated directly to the DES model without user interaction, creating an adaptive and dynamic model. It was found that this DES with machine learning capabilities typically provided more accurate predictions of future performance and unforeseen near future problems when compared to the predictions of a traditional DES using only historic data
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Ferdousi, Rahatara. "Digital Twin Disease Diagnosis Using Machine Learning." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42773.
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COVID-19 has led to a surge in the adoption of digital transformation in almost every sector. Digital health and well-being are no exception. For instance, now people get checkupsvia apps or websites instead of visiting a physician. The pandemic has pushed the health-care sector worldwide to advance the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities.Considering the demand for AI in supporting the well-being of an individual, we presentthe real-life diagnosis as a digital twin(DT) diagnosis using machine learning. The MachineLearning (ML) technology enables DT to offer a prediction. Although several attemptsexist for predicting disease using ML and a few attempts through ML of DT frameworks,those do not deal with disease risk prediction. In addition, most of them deal with singledisease prediction after the occurrence and rely only on clinical test data like- ECG report,MRI scan, etc.To predict multiple disease/disease risks, we propose a dynamic machine learning algo-rithm (MLA) selection framework and a dynamic testing method. The proposed frameworkaccepts heterogeneous electronic health records (EHRs) or digital health status as datasetsand selects suitable MLA upon the highest similarity. Then it trains specific classifiers forpredicting a specific disease/disease risk. The dynamic testing method for prediction isused for predicting several diseases.We described three use cases: non-communicable disease(NCD) risk prediction, mentalwell-being prediction, and COVID-19 prediction. We selected diabetes, risk of diabetes,liver disease, thyroid, risk of stroke as NCDs, mental stress as a mental health issue, andCOVID-19. We employed seven datasets, including public and private datasets, with adiverse range of attributes, sizes, types, and formats to evaluate whether the proposedframework is suitable to data heterogeneity. Our experiment found that the proposed methods of dynamic MLA selection could select MLA for each dataset at cosine similarityscores ranging between 0.82-0.89. In addition, we predicted target disease/disease risks atan accuracy ranging from 94.5% to 98%.To verify the performance of the framework-selected predictor, we compared the accuracy measures individually for each of the three cases. We compared them with traditionalML disease prediction work in the literature. We found that the framework-selected algorithms performed with good accuracy compared to existing literature.
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Guzina, Luka. "UNDERSTANDING DIGITAL TWIN: A SYSTEMATIC MAPPING STUDY." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55636.
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Digital Twin is a concept that refers to a virtual representation of manufacturing elements suchas personnel, products, assets and process definitions, a living model that continuously updatesand changes as the physical counterpart changes to represent status, working conditions, productgeometries and resource states in a synchronous manner [1]. The digital representation providesboth the elements and the dynamics of how a physical part operates and lives throughout its lifecycle.In recent years, digital twin caught the attention of many researchers, who investigated its adoptionin various fields. In this thesis, we report on the planning, execution and results of a systematicmapping study to examine the current application of the digital twin, its research relevance, application domains, enabling technologies and perceived benefits. We start from an initial set of 675publications and through a rigorous selection process we obtain a final set of 29 primary studies.Using a classification framework, we extract relevant data. We analyse the extracted data usingboth quantitative and qualitative analyses using vertical and orthogonal analysis techniques.This work is aimed to investigate the current achievements of Digital Twin with the focus on revealing technologies it uses, its applications and benefits it offers by implementing it as well aspublication details.
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Biglarbegian, Mehrdad. "High Frequency GaN Power Converters Digital Twin." Thesis, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10979304.
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<p> There is a need for a foundation of a research study aimed at investigations on near real-time reliability awareness of Gallium Nitride devices in high-frequency power converters for which we need advanced hardware and algorithms. This dissertation is moving beyond traditional reliability analysis and looking to more applicable and accurate analytical tools by introducing deep learning techniques and advanced sensing solutions. The computational structures will be applied at the edge of the power converter through online sensing and data processing units as well as on a remote server. They will provide an iterative ability to predict the time until the device may fail or reach a pre-defined degradation threshold. </p><p> With the availability of the most granular information deduced from advanced devices, a new data-driven scheme is proposed for system monitoring and possible lifetime extension Gallium Nitride power converters. The approach relies on the real-time on-resistance data extraction from the power converter, and calibration of an adaptive model using multi-physics co-simulations under power cycling. More specifically, the focus is on deploying machine learning algorithms to exploit for the parameter estimation in power electronics engineering reliability. The proposed techniques in this work are quite new and have not yet been developed and analyzed for high-frequency power converters specifically with Gallium Nitride power semiconductor devices.</p><p>
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Grandinetti, Francesco Salvatore. "Studio dell'applicazione dei digital twin in ambito ospedaliero." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16787/.
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All'interno del mondo dell'industria 4.0, negli ultimi anni è stato introdotto un elemento molto importante che serve alle imprese per ridurre ulteriormente i costi interni e per massimizzare il profitto, il Digital Twin.
Il digital twin permette di poter creare un'astrazione dell'oggetto reale all'interno del mondo digitale e con questa astrazione è possibile fare previsioni su comportamenti futuri o su possibili problematiche che potrebbero affliggere l'elemento in questione.
Lo scopo principale di questo documento è studiare se i digital twin, elementi importantissimi nel campo industriale, possano essere importati negli altri ambiti della società moderna, portando effettivamente ad un potenziamento di ciò che la società attualmente offre, affrontando nello specifico l'ambito ospedaliero e proponendo un modello tramite il quale è possibile includere il digital twin all'interno di questo contesto.
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Albraikan, Amani. "inHarmony: a Digital Twin for Emotional Well-being." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39232.
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A digital twin is an enabling technology that facilitates monitoring, understanding, and providing continuous feedback to improve quality of life and well-being. Thus, a digital twin can consider a solution to enhance one's mood to improve the quality of life and emotional well-being. However, there remains a long road ahead until we reach digital twin systems that are capable of empowering development and the deployment of digital twins. This is because there are so many elements and components that can guide the design of a digital twin.
This thesis provides a general discussion for the central element of an emotional digital twin, including emotion detection, emotional biofeedback, and emotion-aware recommender systems. In the first part of this thesis, we propose and study the emotion detection models and algorithms. For emotions, which are known to be highly user dependent, improvements to the emotion learning algorithm can significantly boost its predictive power. We aimed to improve the accuracy of the classifier using peripheral physiological signals. Here, we present a hybrid sensor fusion approach based on a stacking model that allows for data from multiple sensors and emotion models to be jointly embedded within a user-independent model.
In the second part of this thesis, we propose a real-time mobile biofeedback system that uses wearable sensors to depict five basic emotions and provides the user with emotional feedback. These systems apply the concept of Live Biofeedback through the introduction of an emotion-aware digital twin. An essential element in these systems guides users through an emotion-regulation routine. The proposed systems are aimed at increasing self-awareness by using visual feedback and provide insight into the future design of digital twins. We focus on workplace environments, and the recommendations are based on human emotions and the regulation of emotion in the construct of emotional intelligence. The objective is to suggest coping techniques to a user during an emotional, stressful episode based on her or his preferences, history of what worked well and appropriateness for the context.
The developed solution has been studied based on usability studies and extensively compared to related works. The obtained results show the potentials use as an emotional digital twin. In turn, the proposed solution has been providing significant insights that will guide future developments of digital twins using several scenarios and settings.
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Макаренко, О. І. "Застосування технології Digital Twin в забезпеченні енергоефективності навчального закладу". Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13789.
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Efendic, Nedim. "Creating a Digital Twin by Using Real World Sensors." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-92249.
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Örebro University and Akademiska Hus have started an initiative towards smart buildings. Avery important role to this is Digital Twin for buildings. Digital twin for buildings is a virtualcopy of a physical building. And by adding a Data Driven Simulation System, an even moresmart building could be achieved. Given a humidity-, temperature-, illuminance- and motionsensor in a specific corridor at the Örebro University, this thesis will ascertain what can bedone by creating a Data Driven Simulation System and using these sensors to achieve thedesired smart building. In this thesis, a simulation was created with simulated sensors andpedestrians. The simulation is a clone of the real world, by using real life sensors andapplying the data to the simulated sensors, this was partially achieved.
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Gilligan, Brian Kenneth. "Electric ship digital twin : framework for cyber-physical system security." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122264.
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Thesis: S.M. in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2019<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 90-95).<br>This thesis presents a dynamic model that can be used for a digital twin of an electric ship. The model is an end-to-end simulation of a ship from prime mover to maneuvering, seakeeping, and propeller ventilation in random waves representing the behavior of a physical ship. There is a trend towards increasingly networked sensors and actuators to enable condition monitoring, ensure efficient operation, and allow for autonomy. However, a cyberattack on a networked control system presents not just the possibility of information theft but of physical system damage and loss of control. Thus, a detection scheme is proposed for cyber-physical systems using a joint unscented Kalman filter. It is employed to detect cyberattacks in the simulation model of an electric ship including sensor attacks and controller attacks on a gas turbine, synchronous generator, and automatic heading control. Finally, a system theoretic framework is presented for optimal sensor placement to minimize cyber vulnerability.<br>United States. Office of Naval Researchgrant N00014-16-1- 2956<br>by Brian Kenneth Gilligan.<br>S.M. in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering<br>S.M.inNavalArchitectureandMarineEngineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Norlin, Olivia, Lotta Rydin, Matilda Maxwell, Good Linnéa Gauffin, Maija Persson, and Viktor Öhrner. "Digital Twin of a diagnostic system : A proposal of a Digital Twin framework for the Transportable Culture Cabinet, with levels of application possibilities and its challenges." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412088.
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The Digital Twin (DT) is a concept that is gaining more and more attention. A DT is a virtualversion of a physical product, which can be used in monitoring and developing said physical product.In this report we have discussed how a DT of a Transportable Culture Cabinet (TCC) could beimplemented, and its framework. The TCC is being developed at Q-linea and will be used for culturingblood samples for faster diagnosis of sepsis. A DT of a TCC could be used to monitor the statusof the sample and the physical product itself. Data from the TCC could also be used by the DTto detect and predict failures of the TCC such as malfunctioning batteries. The TCC can also bereferred to as a physical twin and will exist in the physical space, while the DT will exist in thevirtual space. An information processing layer (IPL) will connect the physical space and the virtualspace. A Digital Twin can either be a Digital Twin Prototype (DTP), a Digital Twin Environment(DTE), a Digital Twin Instance (DTI), or a Digital Twin Aggregate (DTA), which is an aggregationof all the DTIs. In this paper, we have solely focused on DTIs and DTAs. The Digital Twin ofthe Transportable culture cabinet will be a DTI, and by aggregating all the existing DTIs, or allDTIs belonging to the same hospital, a DTA will be created. Both DTIs and DTAs can be appliedwith different levels of complexity. Hence, we have proposed three levels of complexity of DTIs and DTAs. There are challenges of using a DT for a TCC. The user interface have to be user friendly forstaff that have little IT knowledge. Another challenge is the synchronisation between the TCC and DT.Since the TCC is mobile, a stable internet connection cannot be guaranteed. The TCC should thereforebe able to store the most important data.
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Ravi, Rahul. "Digital Twin of an Automatic Machine Using Unity and Prespective Software." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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Digital Twin is the modern way of prototyping. It is a new layer on top of an existing model, extending the possibilities. This thesis work was carried out and developed at the research laboratory “LIAM LAB”. The main focus was to study the efficacy in developing a Digital Twin of an automatic machine in detail. It is a packaging machine (Technocoil 2200) from “SICA” using PRESPECTIVE, a Digital Twining software based on a game engine UNITY3D. Digital Twin tools and solutions are offered by many major companies, but these have the potential disadvantage of vendor lock-in. Although these brands claim to be open, their tools do not operate very well with third-party software. This makes many users to opt for openness which will help in integrating many features as per their requirement. Another main factor is providing high resolution simulations with an ability to solve complex physical problems which could be handled by Unity.
The process of modelling a Digital Twin is studied extensively in this thesis work. But, in particular the tube guide part of the machine was considered, and its Digital Twin was modelled using Prespective and subsequently the interfacing of the model in Prespective with a PLC was implemented. Finally, the interfacing is validated by forcing values from controller and visualizing the outputs in Unity.
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Håkansson, Johannes. "Plant Model Generator from Digital Twin for Purpose of Formal Verification." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-83360.
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This master thesis will cover a way to automatically generate a formal model for plant verification from plant traces. The solution will be developed from trace data, stemming from a model of a digital twin of a physical plant. The final goal is to automatically generate a formal model of the plant that can be used for model checking for verifying the safety and functional properties of the actual plant. The solution for this specific setup will be generalized and a general approach for other systems will be discussed. Furthermore, state machine generation will be introduced. This includes generating state machine data from traces, and in the future is planned be used as an intermediate step between the trace data and model generation. The digital twin solution used in this project is a joint setup in Visual Components and nxtSTUDIO. The symbolic model checker NuSMV is utilized in order to verify the functional properties of the plant.<br>I detta examensarbete utforskas ett sätt att generera formella modeller av en process via inspelningar av dennes beteende. Lösningen är utvecklad från data över processens beteende, som tas upp av en digital tvilling. Det slutgiltliga målet är att med hjälp av den digitala tvillingen automatiskt generera en modell som kan användas för att verifiera säkerhet och funktioner för den riktiga processen. Lösningen blir sedan generaliserad för att i framtiden kunna bli applicerad på andra processer. Ett sätt att generera tillståndsmaskiner kommer läggas fram. Detta sätt kommer generera data för tillståndsmaskinerna genom den digitala tvillingens beteende och i framtiden planeras att användas som ett mellansteg för att generera de slutliga modellerna. Den digitala tvillingen som används i det här projektet är implementerat av Aalto universitet, och i flera program. Den visuella delen, som även spelar in tvillingens beteende, är implementerad i Visual Components. En kontroll för den digitala tvillingen är gjord i nxtSTUDIO. Verktyget för att verifiera modellens säkerhet och funktioner är gjord i NuSMV.
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Larsson, Rasmus. "Creating Digital Twin Distributed Networks Using Switches With Programmable Data Plane." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-175359.
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The domain specific language P4 is a novel initiative which extends the Software-Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm by allowing for data plane programmability. Network virtualisation is a class of network technologies which can be used to abstract the addressing in a network, allowing multiple tenants to utilise the network resources while being agnostic to the underlying network and the other tenants. In other words, twins of tenants using the same addresses can co-exist on the same underlying network. If a twin is a distributed network, it may even be spread out across multiple sites which are connected to a common backbone. In this study, network virtualisation using P4 is evaluated with emphasis on scalability in terms of number of twins and sites. A set of potential network virtualisation technologies are identified and categorised. Based on this categorisation, two variations of network virtualisation are implemented on the P4 capable software switch BMv2 and the performance of both variations are evaluated against the non-P4 solution Linux bridge. Linux bridge was found to yield 451 times more useful bandwidth than the best performing P4 implementation on BMv2, while also learning MAC addresses faster and generating less traffic on the backbone. It is concluded that the performance of network virtualisation implemented and running on BMv2 is worse compared to the non-P4 solution Linux bridge.
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Sund, Fabian, and Gustav Erbing. "Battery Digital Twin : Modeling and Characterization of a Lithium-Ion Battery." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fordonssystem, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-175918.
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Electrical vehicles have become more popular during recent years due to their reduced greenhouse gas emissions. The research within Li-ion batteries is therefore moving fast. Presently, two-level converters transforming the current from DC to AC. However, an alternative method of power conversion is by utilizing modular multilevel converters, which can perform better harmonics than the two-level converter. This study aims to research the impact of these converters on battery cell heat generation. In doing so, developing a digital twin of the Li-ion battery cell, which in this case is a Samsung 28 Ah nickel, manganese, and cobalt prismatic battery cell, focusing on the thermal aspects such as heat generation, heat capacity, and thermal conductivity. The modular multilevel converter may also cause significant overtones, harmonics. Therefore, this study investigates the thermal impact of these frequencies. The results show that it is possible to, via experiments and simulations, determine the heat capacity and thermal conductivity of a Li-ion cell. Furthermore, the frequencies caused by the modular multilevel converter cause a temperature rise in the cell, compared to the two-level converter. Although, if the same root mean square for the modular multilevel converter current is used, the temperature rise is lower compared to DC. During the load cycles, the results show that there are slightly higher temperatures at the positive current collector side compared to the negative. It is, however, the jelly roll core that has the highest temperatures.
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Nerlikar, Vivek. "Digital Twin in Structural Health Monitoring for Aerospace using Machine Learning." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG080.
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Les systèmes industriels modernes utilisent souvent une combinaison de matériaux tels que les métaux, le béton et les composites, soigneusement optimisés pour obtenir des performances supérieures tout en minimisant les coûts. Les structures sont principalement soumises à des charges dynamiques pendant leur durée de vie. Les problèmes de fabrication et/ou les sollicitations perpétuelles entraînent souvent des changements dans un système qui ont un impact négatif sur ses performances actuelles et/ou futures; ces changements peuvent être définis comme des dommages. L'identification des dommages est un processus crucial qui garantit le bon fonctionnement des équipements ou des structures tout au long de leur cycle de vie. Elle alerte le service de maintenance pour qu'il prenne les mesures nécessaires à la réparation. Le Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) est une technique potentielle d'identification des dommages qui a attiré plus d'attention au cours des dernières décennies. Elle permet de surmonter les inconvénients des méthodes traditionnelles de contrôle non destructif. Dans cette thèse, nous avons utilisé la technique des ondes guidées ultrasoniques (GW) pour le SHM. La sensibilité des ondes guidées aux conditions environnementales et opérationnelles (EOC) modifie les signaux de réponse et peut masquer les signatures de défauts. Il est donc difficile d'isoler les signatures de défauts à l'aide de méthodes telles que la comparaison à une référence, qui consiste à comparer des signaux GW sans dommages avec les acquisitions actuelles. Les méthodes sans état de référence peuvent constituer une alternative, mais elles sont limitées à des géométries simples. En outre, la grande sensibilité des ondes guidées aux variations des EOC et au bruit de mesure constitue un défi pour la modélisation des ondes guidées. Les récentes avancées en matière d'apprentissage automatique ont créé de nouveaux axes de modélisation, notamment la modélisation basée sur les données et la modélisation basée sur la physique, souvent désignée sous le nom d'apprentissage automatique scientifique. La modélisation basée sur les données est extrêmement utile pour modéliser les phénomènes qui ne peuvent être expliqués par la physique, ce qui permet d'isoler les signatures de défauts subtils et de développer des procédures robustes de détection des dommages. Toutefois, les méthodes de ML basées sur la modélisation nécessitent davantage de données pour capturer toutes les informations permettant d'améliorer la capacité de généralisation des modèles ML. Le SHM, quant à lui, tend à générer des données généralement exemptes de dommages, car les épisodes de dommages sont rares. Cette lacune particulière peut être comblée par une modélisation basée sur la physique. Dans cette approche, les capacités de modélisation physique sont combinées avec des données de mesure pour expliquer des phénomènes inexplicables à l'aide de la modélisation physique. L'objectif principal est de développer une méthodologie de détection des défauts dans les panneaux composites. Cette méthodologie est conçue pour surveiller des structures similaires, telles que des pales d'éoliennes ou de turbines à réaction, sans exiger des états sans dommages de toutes les structures, évitant ainsi le besoin de comparaisons directes à un état de référence. Le deuxième objectif est de développer un modèle de ML basé sur la physique pour intégrer des simulations avec des données expérimentales. Le développement de ce modèle implique une modélisation multi-fidélité et métamodélisation. Pour valider ce modèle, nous utilisons un ensemble de données expérimentales et de simulation sur une plaque en aluminium. En outre, le modèle développé est utilisé pour générer des réponses GW réalistes à la taille de l'endommagement et à la position des capteurs. Ces signaux générés sont ensuite utilisés pour calculer une courbe de probabilité de détection (POD), afin d'évaluer la fiabilité d'un système SHM basé sur le GW<br>Modern engineering systems and structures often utilize a combination of materials such as metals, concrete, and composites, carefully optimized to achieve superior performance in their designated functions while also minimizing overall economic costs. Primarily, engineering structures are subjected to dynamic loads during their operational life. The manufacturing issues and/or the perpetual dynamic operations often lead to some changes into a system that adversely impact its present and/or future performance; these changes can be defined as damage. The identification of damage is a crucial process that ensures the smooth functioning of equipment or structures throughout their life cycle. It alerts the maintenance department to take the necessary measures for repair. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a potential damage identification technique which has attracted more attention in the last few decades. It has the capability to overcome the downsides of traditional Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). In this thesis, we used Ultrasonic Guided Waves (GW) technique for SHM. However, sensitivity of GW to Environmental and Operational Conditions (EOC) modify the response signals to mask defect signatures. This makes it difficult to isolate defect signatures using methods such as baseline comparison, where damage-free GW signals are compared with current acquisitions Baseline-free methods can be an alternative, but they are limited to simple geometries. Moreover, high sensitivity of GW to EOC and measurement noise poses a challenge in modelling GW through physics-based models. The recent advancements in Machine Learning (ML) has created a new modelling axis, including data-driven modelling and physics-based modelling, often referred to as Scientific ML. Data-driven modelling is extremely helpful to model the phenomena that cannot be explained by physics, allowing for the isolation of subtle defect signatures and the development of robust damage detection procedures. However, ML-based methods require more data to capture all the information to enhance the generalization capability of ML models. SHM, on the other hand, tends to generate mostly damage-free data, as damage episodes seldom occur. This particular gap can be filled through physics-based modeling. In this approach, the modeling capabilities of physics-based models are combined with measurement data to explain unexplainable phenomena using ML. The primary objective of this thesis is to develop a data-driven damage detection methodology for identifying defects in composite panels. This methodology is designed for monitoring similar structures, such as wind or jet turbine blades, without requiring pristine (damage-free) states of all structures, thereby avoiding the need for direct baseline comparisons. The second goal is to develop a physics-based ML model for integrating physics-based simulations with experimental data within the context of a Digital Twin. The development of this physics-based ML model involves multi-fidelity modeling and surrogate modeling. To validate this model, we utilize an experimental and simulation dataset of an Aluminium panel. Furthermore, the developed model is employed to generate realistic GW responses at the required damage size and sensor path. These generated signals are then used to compute a Probability of Detection (POD) curve, assessing the reliability of a GW-based SHM system
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Laamarti, Fedwa. "Towards Standardized Digital Twins for Health, Sport, and Well-being." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39502.
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MAROCCO, MARCO. "Digital building management through Digital Twins and Data Science technologies." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/11368/3042539.
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The management of buildings has been currently gaining momentum in the construction industry. Public and private organisations which deal with managing facilities are interested in and needy to use any means to run their business as best as possible. Indeed, the life cycle of buildings is distributed in an asymmetric way, where the longest part regards the operational phase, leading to a huge importance to this stage. Traditionally, buildings used to be managed by using paper-based documents, personal experience, and manual analysis approaches. This implied loss of data and separated data silos, insights potentially biased in favour of knowledge, and time-consuming tasks. With the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, technology has boosted the opportunities to exploit disruptive tools to effectively manage buildings in a digital way and data has been put in the centre of attention. Although the digital building management can be extremely useful to manage the usage of data, organisations need appropriate methods, tools and skills to handle it. Nevertheless, most of organisations are not ready or capable to embrace innovations and still use old and traditional practices, even if error-prone and less efficient. As a result, the digital building management is not conducted at a reasonable and effective level. In addition to it, not only the abundance of data might be problematic, but also its format, as data is often stored using unstructured formats, leading to the impossibility to effectively exploit it. This leads to the following research questions: What are the methods and technologies that can be exploited in order to improve the building management? How should they be implemented and applied to reach such result? To what extent is data exploitable for the building management enhancement? The manuscript aims to improve the management of buildings. The first research objective concerns implementing the BIM method, defining crucial FM system features and describing how to generate digital models to lay the foundation for an effective digital management of buildings. The second one focuses on proposing solutions for space and maintenance management exploiting innovative technologies and techniques, namely Digital Twins and text-mining algorithms, in order to improve the management of buildings. The outcome of this research is a series of guidelines, which both public and private organisations can use, for enhancing building management.<br>The management of buildings has been currently gaining momentum in the construction industry. Public and private organisations which deal with managing facilities are interested in and needy to use any means to run their business as best as possible. Indeed, the life cycle of buildings is distributed in an asymmetric way, where the longest part regards the operational phase, leading to a huge importance to this stage. Traditionally, buildings used to be managed by using paper-based documents, personal experience, and manual analysis approaches. This implied loss of data and separated data silos, insights potentially biased in favour of knowledge, and time-consuming tasks. With the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, technology has boosted the opportunities to exploit disruptive tools to effectively manage buildings in a digital way and data has been put in the centre of attention. Although the digital building management can be extremely useful to manage the usage of data, organisations need appropriate methods, tools and skills to handle it. Nevertheless, most of organisations are not ready or capable to embrace innovations and still use old and traditional practices, even if error-prone and less efficient. As a result, the digital building management is not conducted at a reasonable and effective level. In addition to it, not only the abundance of data might be problematic, but also its format, as data is often stored using unstructured formats, leading to the impossibility to effectively exploit it. This leads to the following research questions: What are the methods and technologies that can be exploited in order to improve the building management? How should they be implemented and applied to reach such result? To what extent is data exploitable for the building management enhancement? The manuscript aims to improve the management of buildings. The first research objective concerns implementing the BIM method, defining crucial FM system features and describing how to generate digital models to lay the foundation for an effective digital management of buildings. The second one focuses on proposing solutions for space and maintenance management exploiting innovative technologies and techniques, namely Digital Twins and text-mining algorithms, in order to improve the management of buildings. The outcome of this research is a series of guidelines, which both public and private organisations can use, for enhancing building management.
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Reggiani, Edoardo. "Digital Twin development for the discrete event simulation of a ceramic system." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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The rapid evolution of customer's demand forces the industrial sector to find out new solutions for the optimization of the overall process.
The improvement of technology allows to transform factories into smart factories, or cyber physical systems. This transformation is inside the concept of Industry 4.0. The Digital Twin is one of its key aspects, which is nowadays fundamental to achieve the market global leadership. This process underlines that the past approach of process definition and development is now too slow and too much flat in the results.
The complexity problem leads to a non deterministic behaviour of the industrial process and logistic, and subsequently to a growing complexity of the dimensional evaluations, logic behaviours and machines design. So, the Digital Twin, has to mimic the evolution of data through the utilization of mathematical systems which precisely represent the industrial aspect considered. The goal of this thesis is to address the usage of this new item into the ceramic process development of the SACMI company. The Digital Twin will change completely the main internal phases: design, presale, sale, starting-up and functioning of the installation. During the design phase, the Digital Twin will help in refine the solutions of the industrial components developed.
While for the presale it will lead to the minimization of the economic risks and to the preliminary analysis of the costs. Then, for the sale phase, it will allow the optimization of the layout and the advanced costs analysis.
Those phases could be emphasized by the 3D visualization of the Digital Twin, which is nowadays more supportable by the graphic computational power. For what concern the starting-up of the factory it will optimize the set-up time of the process by the elaboration of feasible initial conditions with respect to the layout's types. Finally, for the functioning of the installation, it will optimize the efficiency through the definition of optimal conditions.
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Mo, Yamin. "Terra - An Open Digital Twin Framework for Simulation-to-Real AI Development." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/25799.
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The development of artificial intelligence (AI) based robot policies such as embodied visual AI is a rapidly emerging field that promises to fully automate robot sensing and control, reducing the need for expert knowledge and information about system dynamics. The recent surge in the availability of digital simulation environments has helped to alleviate the data scarcity problem faced by AI training and yielded many tasks for embodied AI to explore. In contrast to conventional computer vision databases (e.g. ImageNet, COCO), they provide interactive environments tailored to the training of embodied AI agents (e.g. virtual robots). Despite their success, there remain several unaddressed issues.
First, these environments primarily focus on in-simulation policy training and are not well suited for real-world performance evaluation. Second, current platforms do not model the dynamics of the physical environment on-the-fly, limiting their potential for the development of robot navigation policies in challenging environments. Third, the associated real-world evaluation environments are both expensive and limited to large interior scenes. This limits access to the physical environments, subsequently making sim-to-real policy evaluation difficult. Fourth, current simulations rely on third party robots for policy training and evaluation, which can be costly while limiting the robot’s customizability and optimisation for the associated task and environment.
To tackle these issues, we propose a novel robot-centred smart digital twin framework called Terra. Terra leverages the power of digital twin (DT) systems (digital replicas of the physical world), commonly used for monitoring and evaluating physical systems. Terra includes a comprehensive DT representation which encodes useful real-time dynamics of both the physical world and the robot agent deployed therein. The DT is updated through a multi-view, multi-modality perception module, which obtains high-level semantics, delivering a precise description of the current status of the physical environment and the robot agent. By mapping the perceived results to the virtual replica of the physical environment, Terra actively updates the action policy and sends it back to the agent, forming an integral and real-time information feedback loop. In practice, to help demonstrate the proposed framework's effectiveness and feasibility, we deliberately set up a challenging unordered physical environment with many obstacles and a custom robot tasked with a simple navigation task. Our physical scene is inexpensive and small, while our novel low-cost robot is customised for the environment.
Experiment results show that the proposed Terra framework successfully enables the robot to accomplish a simple navigation task, demonstrating its suitability for real-world robot performance evaluation.
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Wågberg, Felix. "Deliberate and Emergent Strategies for Digital Twin Utilization : A PLM-Principal’s Perspective." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-390555.
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The industry has during the past decades been changing towardsdigitalization at a rapid pace, adapting new frameworks and digitalsolutions, with the thrive to improve efficiency, and output quality.This thesis covers how a hyped industry concept, digital twin, incontext of smart manufacturing, could be applied in this changingclimate. Focus is put on what strategies a Product LifecycleManagement (PLM) principal could adapt when approaching theutilization of digital twins, in a customer setting. The research project, using a qualitative exploration format,incorporated a thorough review of journal articles and standards,interconnected with conducted interviews with industry experts, inorder to develop two strategies on how to approach the conceptof digital twins. The two-part strategies were formed on the basis of Mintzberg(1978) emergent and deliberate strategies. The former, consisted ofIDEF0 function modeling diagramming, where a digital twin businessprocess was portrayed, based on the literature review and interviewdata. The latter, approached the digital twin application challenge ina theoretical manner, based on the concept’s high risk anduncertainty, incorporating organizational structure theory andinnovation theory. The two strategies showed two different pathsto approach the digital twin phenomena and how to, boththeoretically and practically, adapt digital twins in a customer setting.
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Giulianelli, Andrea. "Studio e sviluppo prototipale di un middleware per ecosistemi interoperabili di Digital Twins." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24260/.
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Il termine “Digital Twin”, coniato nel 2003 da Michael Grieves e presentato all’Università del Michigan, è oggi un concetto protagonista in praticamente qualsiasi settore. I Digital Twins si riferiscono all’abilità di clonare un asset fisico attraverso una replica digitale software. La replica software rispecchia l’asset fisico in tutte le sue proprietà e caratteristiche e consente di inserire un layer di astrazione che permette di lavorare con tutte le più importanti tecnologie, come l’Intelligenza Artificiale o qualsiasi forma di Simulazione. Questo abilita la replicazione di interi ambienti fisici in modelli software che possono essere aumentati in termini di funzionalità e caratteristiche possedute. Ad oggi, gli impieghi più diffusi sono nel settore manifatturiero che vede i Digital Twins accompagnare un prodotto durante tutto il suo ciclo di vita, all’interno dei sistemi PLM, dalla creazione, alla produzione fino al suo ritiro con l’applicazione di simulazioni, scenari “what-if”, manutenzione preventiva e monitoraggio in real-time. In realtà, i Digital Twins possono offrire molto di più, e alcune organizzazioni e i ricercatori stanno alzando l’asticella verso la modellazione di interi ecosistemi. In questa tesi verrà adottata la visione “Web of Digital Twins”, in cui si prova a risolvere il problema del “siloing” delle attuali soluzioni o visioni creando un ecosistema di Digital Twins che possano comunicare tra organizzazioni diverse (e quindi appartenere a settori diversi), assicurando un alto grado di interoperabilità.
Nel volume di tesi verrà innanzitutto offerta una panoramica sullo stato dell’arte, sulle tecnologie e sulle visioni attualmente presenti, dopodiché ci si concentrerà sulla visione “Web of Digital Twins” e sul progetto che ha l’obiettivo di fornire una proposta per un middleware e per l’architettura a supporto di “Web of Digital Twins”.
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Bestjak, Linnea, and Cassandra Lindqvist. "Assessment of How Digital Twin Can Be Utilized in Manufacturing Companies to Create Business Value." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48161.
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Introduction The paradigm shift in manufacturing that Industry 4.0 brings forth with new advanced technologies and the rapid growth of sensing and controlling technologies enable further visualization and optimization that can contribute to achievingimproved decision-making in manufacturing. A significant new capability is the ability to construct a Digital Twinthat connects the physical and virtual space. However, there are still confusion and obscurity regarding what Digital Twinis and how it can becreated and then used to create value for the company. Therefor the purpose of the thesis is to examine how manufacturing companies can utilize the implementation of Digital Twinand assess Digital Twinin a shop-floor. ➢RQ1: How can DT be beneficial to increase business value in a manufacturing company? ➢RQ2: What changes need to be done in the shop-floor to implement Digital Twin? Methodology A literature review was conducted to provide previous researchand contextwithin the area of Digital Twin. A multiple-case studywas performed at three case companies to gain meaningful insight from a real-world perspective, semi-structured interviews, dialogs, and observations were conductedat the case companies. The analysis was then performed by examining similarities, and dissimilarities between theoretical and empirical data, as well as opportunities in theoretical findings that correspond with challenges in empirical findings. Frame of Reference The literature review increased the authors’ understanding of the research topic and gave context to the concept of Digital Twin. The review is mainly focused on the Digital Twintechnologyand how it is constructed, as well as the applicationsareas. Empirical Findings The empirical findings provide an overview of boththe current and future state of the case companies in relation to organizational, operational, and technological factors. Additionally, it provides a deeper understanding of how shop-floor management is designed at one of the case companies. Analysis The combination of the Frame of Reference and Empirical Findings contributewith important insight on the potential benefits that can be created through the utilizationof Digital Twin, as well as what is requiredin the shop-floor to enable implementation ofDigital Twin. Conclusions The value that can be created utilizing Digital Twinis outlinedand a clearer definition is proposed to avoid misunderstandings and confusion. Requirements that need to be achieved for a successful implementation arecovered as well. A future recommendation is measuring resources and effort in relation to the created value of a Digital Twin.
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Lu, Ruodan. "Automated generation of geometric digital twins of existing reinforced concrete bridges." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/289430.
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The cost and effort of modelling existing bridges from point clouds currently outweighs the perceived benefits of the resulting model. The time required for generating a geometric Bridge Information Model, a holistic data model which has recently become known as a "Digital Twin", of an existing bridge from Point Cloud Data is roughly ten times greater than laser scanning it. There is a pressing need to automate this process. This is particularly true for the highway infrastructure sector because Bridge Digital Twin Generation is an efficient means for documenting bridge condition data. Based on a two-year inspection cycle, there is a need for at least 315,000 bridge inspections per annum across the United States and the United Kingdom. This explains why there is a huge market demand for less labour-intensive bridge documentation techniques that can efficiently boost bridge management productivity. Previous research has achieved the automatic generation of surface primitives combined with rule-based classification to create labelled cuboids and cylinders from point clouds. While existing methods work well in synthetic datasets or simplified cases, they encounter huge challenges when dealing with real-world bridge point clouds, which are often unevenly distributed and suffer from occlusions. In addition, real bridge topology is much more complicated than idealized cases. Real bridge geometries are defined with curved horizontal alignments, and varying vertical elevations and cross-sections. These characteristics increase the modelling difficulties, which is why none of the existing methods can handle reliably. The objective of this PhD research is to devise, implement, and benchmark a novel framework that can reasonably generate labelled geometric object models of constructed bridges comprising concrete elements in an established data format (i.e. Industry Foundation Classes). This objective is achieved by answering the following research questions: (1) how to effectively detect reinforced concrete bridge components in Point Cloud Data? And (2) how to effectively fit 3D solid models in the format of Industry Foundation Classes to the detected point clusters? The proposed framework employs bridge engineering knowledge that mimics the intelligence of human modellers to detect and model reinforced concrete bridge objects in point clouds. This framework directly extracts structural bridge components and then models them without generating low-level shape primitives. Experimental results suggest that the proposed framework can perform quickly and reliably with complex and incomplete real-world bridge point clouds encounter occlusions and unevenly distributed points. The results of experiments on ten real-world bridge point clouds indicate that the framework achieves an overall micro-average detection F1-score of 98.4%, an average modelling accuracy of (C2C) ̅_Auto 7.05 cm, and the average modelling time of merely 37.8 seconds. Compared to the laborious and time-consuming manual practice, the proposed framework can realize a direct time-savings of 95.8%. This is the first framework of its kind to achieve such high and reliable performance of geometric digital twin generation of existing bridges. Contributions. This PhD research provides the unprecedented ability to rapidly model geometric bridge concrete elements, based on quantitative measurements. This is a huge leap over the current practice of Bridge Digital Twin Generation, which performs this operation manually. The presented research activities will create the foundations for generating meaningful digital twins of existing bridges that can be used over the whole lifecycle of a bridge. As a result, the knowledge created in this PhD research will enable the future development of novel, automated applications for real-time condition assessment and retrofit engineering.
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Gustafsson, Ted, Lukas Rajala, Lukas Nee, et al. "Medicinsk digital tvilling : Den digitala människokroppen." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167034.
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Den här rapporten behandlar ett projekt utfört i kandidatkursen TDDD96 - Kandidatprojekt i programvaruutveckling. Projektet är utfört av åtta studenter från datateknik- ochmjukvaruteknikprogrammen på Linköpings universitet (LiU) för kunden från institutionen för medicinsk teknik (IMT) på LiU. Syftet med projektet var att ta fram en prototypmed ett grafiskt gränssnitt för uppvisning och simulering av hur kroppen påverkas av t.ex.träning, sömn och kostintag. Modellerna som simulerats är framtagna av forskningsgrup-pen integrativ system biologi för institutionen för medicinsk teknik LiU och resultatet är i form av dataändringar och grafer i programmets gränssnit.
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Rajendran, Ajith, and Gautham Asokan. "Real Time Monitoring of Machining Process and Data Gathering for Digital Twin Optimization." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301594.
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In the development stages of a Digital twin of production assets, especially machine tools, real time process monitoring and data gathering proves to be vital. Having a monitoring system that monitors and updates the operators or managers in real time, helps improve productivity in terms of reducing downtime through predictive/preventive analytics and by incorporating in process quality assessment capabilities. When it comes to Real time monitoring of machine tools andprocesses, sensor technologies have proven to be the most effective and widely researched. Years of research and development have paved the way for many smart sensor technologies that come both in built with the machine tools as well as external applications. However, these technologies prove to be expensive and complicated to implement especially for Small and Medium Enterprises. This thesis focuses on evaluating and testing a simple, cost-efficient monitoring system using inexpensive sensor technologies that would help optimize an existing Digital twin setup for machine tools for Small and Medium Enterprises. Experiments with a 5 axis CNC machine tool using different tools and varying operating parameters, materials were performed,and the relevant sensor data were collected, mapped, analysed for accuracy and benchmarking. The thesis also evaluates the integration of this data with the information already collected from other sources, improve existing data reliability, and provides guidelines on this could be transformed usefully to create more value to SME’s.
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Radicchi, Giovanni. "Digital Twin nel campo delle costruzioni - Un caso di studio in ambito domotico." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/25846/.
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La tesi mira ad esplorare l'applicazione del concetto di Digital Twin agli edifici abitativi. I digital twin sono sistemi che utilizzano una rete di sensori e dispositivi IoT per monitorare e digitalizzare lo stato di un oggetto fisico, creando un suo gemello digitale con cui le applicazioni possano interagire per espandere le funzionalità dell'oggetto fisico stesso. Per raggiungere lo scopo prefissato è stata effettuata una ricerca con l'obiettivo di individuare le caratteristiche principali che un DT deve possedere, specialmente nell'ambito delle costruzioni. Le informazioni così ottenute sono state poi utilizzate per realizzare un semplice prototipo di digital twin con Azure DIgital Twins, virtualizzando il sistema di riscaldamento di un'abitazione simulata.
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Gámez, Díaz Rogelio. "Digital Twin Coaching for Edge Computing Using Deep Learning Based 2D Pose Estimation." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42007.
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In these challenging times caused by the COVID-19, technology that leverages Artificial Intelligence potential can help people cope with the pandemic. For example, people looking to perform physical exercises while in quarantine. We also find another opportunity in the widespread adoption of mobile smart devices, making complex Artificial Intelligence (AI) models accessible to the average user.
Taking advantage of this situation, we propose a Smart Coaching experience on the Edge with our Digital Twin Coaching (DTC) architecture. Since the general population is advised to work from home, sedentarism has become prevalent. Coaching is a positive force in exercising, but keeping physical distance while exercising is a significant problem. Therefore, a Smart Coach can help in this scenario as it involves using smart devices instead of direct communication with another person. Some researchers have worked on Smart Coaching, but their systems often involve complex devices such as RGB-Depth cameras, making them cumbersome to use. Our approach is one of the firsts to focus on everyday smart devices, like smartphones, to solve this problem.
Digital Twin Coaching can be defined as a virtual system designed to help people improve in a specific field and is a powerful tool if combined with edge technology. The DTC architecture has six characteristics that we try to fulfill: adaptability, compatibility, flexibility, portability, security, and privacy.
We collected training data of 10 subjects using a 2D pose estimation model to train our models since there was no dataset of Coach-Trainee videos. To effectively use this information, the most critical pre-processing step was synchronization. This step synchronizes the coach and the trainee’s poses to overcome the trainee's action lag while performing the routine in real-time.
We trained a light neural network called “Pose Inference Neural Network” (PINN) to serve as a fine-tuning architecture mechanism. We improved the generalist 2D pose estimation model with this trained neural network while keeping the time complexity relatively unaffected. We also propose an Angular Pose Representation to compare the trainee and coach's stances that consider the differences in different people's body proportions.
For the PINN model, we use Random Search Optimization to come up with the best configuration. The configurations tested included using 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 layers. We chose the 2-Layer Neural Network (2-LNN) configuration because it was the fastest to train and predict while providing a fair tradeoff between performance and resource consumption. Using frame synchronization in pre-processing, we improved 76% on the test loss (Mean Squared Error) while training with the 2-LNN. The PINN improved the R2 score of the PoseNet model by at least 15% and at most 93% depending on the configuration. Our approach only added 4 seconds (roughly 2% of the total time) to the total processing time on average. Finally, the usability test results showed that our Proof of Concept application, DTCoach, was considered easy to learn and convenient to use. At the same time, some participants mentioned that they would like to have more features and improved clarity to be more invested in using the app frequently.
We hope DTCoach can help people stay more active, especially in quarantine, as the application can serve as a motivator. Since it can be run on modern smartphones, it can quickly be adopted by many people.
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Huang, Chengxue, and Hampus Wranér. "Lifecycle management and smart manufacturing: Modelling and implementation to utilize the digital twin." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232369.
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Smart manufacturing – smart factories creating smart products – is a topic which has arisen in the academic as well as business community. This thesis covers smart manufacturing in the context of lifecycle management. The thesis investigated how the standard Product Life Cycle Support (PLCS) could be used to support smart manufacturing and mainly how to develop the underlying system and information infrastructure. Standards, reports and specifications for smart manufacturing were investigated. Several information models were created from these publications which could be used for implementing a proposed solution for the infrastructure.The implementation concerned a use case in the ongoing research project DigIn, and used the developed models to implement a proposed solution in the product lifecycle management software ShareAspace. This was done in order to evaluate how to use the functionality of PLCS and ShareAspace to utilize the solution to support smart manufacturing and update the digital twin. In parallel to this thesis, a sub-project part of the DigIn project was conducted which connected the database to other software in the system as well as to the factory shop floor. The solution used the plant service bus Kafka and REST APIs in order to establish the connection. The functionality of the system regarding the specified required functionality in the publications was then investigated.The solution was found to meet most of the requirements of the publications regarding, among others, lifecycle management, service oriented architecture, non-hierarchical structures and communication capabilities.<br>Smart tillverkning – smarta fabriker som skapar smarta produkter – är ett ämne som inom det akademiska och affärsmässiga området förekommer alltmer frekvent. Denna uppsats behandlar smart tillverkning i kontexten av Product Life Cycle Support (PLCS). Uppsatsen undersökte hur PLCS kunde utnyttjas för att möjliggöra smart tillverkning, med huvudsakligt fokus på möjliggörandet av den bakomliggande system- och informationsinfrastrukturen för smart tillverkning. Standarder, rapporter och specifikationer för smart tillverkning undersöktes. Flertalet informationsmodeller skapades utifrån dessa publikationer vilka kunde användas för att implementera ett förslag för infrastrukturen.Implementationen hade sin bas i det pågående forskningsprojektet DigIn, och använde de utvecklade modellerna för att implementera en föreslagen lösning i produktlivscykel-mjukvaran ShareAspace. Detta gjordes för att utvärdera hur funktionaliteten i ShareAspace och PLCS skulle kunna användas för att stödja smart tillverkning och uppdatera den digitala tvillingen. Parallellt med denna implementation genomfördes i DigIn ett projekt vilka kopplade samman databasen med annan mjukvara i systemet samt fabriksgolvet. Lösningen använde en Plant Service Bus (Kafka) och REST APIer för att koppla samman dessa. Funktionaliteten av systemet rörande specificerade krav som återfanns i publikationerna undersöktes sedan.Lösningen fanns möta de flesta av de krav som lades fram i de undersökta publikationerna rörande, bland annat, livscykelshantering, tjänsteorienterad arkitektur, icke-hierarkiska strukturer samt kommunikationsmöjligheter.
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Trefusio, Arianna <1995>. "TWIN-BANK TRASFORMATION: traditional, digital e FinTech. Sfide e Opportunità nel mondo Finance." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21403.
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Bill Gates dichiarò che “the world needs banking not bank”.
Si iniziò il processo di ricerca verso la digitalizzazione del sistema Finanziario, unendo la terminologia finanza con tecnologia: Fintech.
Le aziende Fintech stanno destando subbugli nel sistema bancario proponendo alla loro clientela, private e retail, soluzioni finanziarie vantaggiosi specie per quanto riguardano i costi.
La digitalizzazione automatizzò la maggior parte dei servizi, permettendo l’abbattimento di costi ma specialmente far risparmiar tempo ai customers.
Quest’approccio sta mettendo in discussione non solo il modello di banca universale ma anche quello di business bank traditional.
Il processo di digital trasformation del settore bancario-finanziario è in corso da diversi anni, ma la crisi economico finanziaria del 2008 e pandemia di covid 19 del 2020, hanno contribuito a dare una spinta al mondo digital nelle banche ma specialmente al settore Fintech.
L’obiettivo dell’elaborato consiste nell’analisi per cui il sistema di banca universale sta negli anni venendo meno, cercando di trasformarsi, o quantomeno adattandosi al mondo digital.
Verranno analizzate le principali fonti di finanziamento e reperimento delle risorse come il Crowdfunding
Si analizzerà la proiezione delle aziende Digital-Fintech nel mondo.
Si vedrà infine come il settore traditional e quello digital non potranno andare a scomparire ma, si andrà a creare una sorta di gemellaggio tra sistemi economici, bancari e finanziari.
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Persson, Proos Daniel. "Enabling Digital Twins : A comparative study on messaging protocols and serialization formats for Digital Twins in IoV." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159318.
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In this thesis, the trade-offs between latency and transmitted data volume in vehicle-to-cloud communication for different choices of application layer messaging protocols and binary serialization formats are studied. This is done with the purpose of getting enough performance improvement to enable delay-sensitive Intelligent Transport System (ITS) features, and to reduce data usage in mobile networks. The studied protocols are Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) and Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT), and the serialization formats studied are Protobuf and Flatbuffers. The results show that CoAP — the only User Datagram Protocol (UDP) based protocol — has the lowest latency and overhead while not being able to guarantee reliable transfer. The best performer that can guarantee reliable transfer is MQTT. For the serialization formats, Protobuf is shown to have three times smaller serialized message size than Flatbuffers and also faster serialization speed. Flatbuffers is the winner in the case of memory use and deserialization time, which could make up for the poor performance in other aspects of data processing in the cloud. Further, the implications of these results in ITS communication are discussed suggestions made into future research topics.
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Di, Nicola Felice. "Decommissioning of an offshore platform as a wind turbine support by using digital twin." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
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The aim of the research project is the decommissioning of an existing oil and gas platform located in the Adriatic Sea and the re-utilization of the three-legs jacket as wind turbine support
The project consists of two main phases.
In the first phase, the existing structure, the oil and gas platform, is examined through the structural analysis using an RB-FEA software considering the in-place loads applied. Further, the fatigue analysis is performed in order to assess the resistance of the structure respect the long terms environmental actions caused by waves.
In the second phase, the top side, hence the transition piece and the deck, is decommissioned and replaced by a wind turbine using the jacket as a basement. As already done in the first phase, the resistance of the jacket is assessed through the structural analysis and the fatigue analysis
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Erthle, Thomas. "Industry 4.0 : A reference model for a digital twin of a collaborative manufacturing cell." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18882.
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With the advance of the fourth industrial revolution, the manufacturing industry is increasingly changing. The intelligent networking of machines and the collection of real-time data opens up new possibilities for data-based decision making. One of those applications is the digital twin. Those are digital copies of physical objects that represent the behavior of their real-world counterparts. Therefore they consist of several models to describe this behavior. The use of digital twins for virtual commissioning has been proven to reduce real commissioning time as errors can be identified and fixed before they occur. Especially in the manufacturing industry virtual commissioning is used for expensive assets such as whole manufacturing lines. This thesis investigates how a three-dimensional model of a manufacturing cell can be connected to its real-world counterpart. The aim is to develop a reference model. A virtual commissioning model of a real manufacturing cell is created to evaluate the main components of the reference model. The outcome of this study is a theoretical reference model to connect a collaborative manufacturing cell with a digital twin. Through the connection, the three-dimensional simulation model acts as a video of the real cell. The reference model can serve as the base for further research such as remote troubleshooting or to improve existing models.
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Tabbah, Alyaá. "Evaluating digital twin data exchange between a virtual and physical environment regarding lighting quantity." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Byggnadsteknik och belysningsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53737.
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Building Information Management and Digital Twin technology with help of Smart lights can optimizethe built environment impacting our health and well-being, by providing the right amount of light at theright time of day. Lighting simulation is challenging, due to the strict requirements to represent reality. Digitaltwin technology will provide a more dynamic two-way feed-back between the physical and the virtual environmentto optimize the lighting environment giving real-time sensor data. The main problem that currently occurswhile evaluating a lighting design made in photorealistic computer visualization is using the appropriate formof their model presentation. However, validation of light simulations has been done multiple times but not manystudies are based on DT-driven light environment evaluation in which not only the realistic representation butalso the exchange of information plays a crucial role. Therefore, the aim is to develop a strategy for demonstratingthe data exchange between a physical and real environment, for a scenario in which an optimal interactionbetween daylight and electric light derives an optimized realization of a given light demand curve. Basedon a quantitative experiment, validation of a Digital Twin was done between a virtual and a physical twin onan existing room using the light simulation tool DIALux evo. Data exchange was optimized for three levels ofgeometrical complexity. The light environment was optimized for interaction between the Digital and RealTwin. Counter to expectations, the results showed that the coarse model is more accurate representation of thephysical counterpart and generates faster data exchange. Defining DT usage purpose reduces time and effortdone on the process of creation. Knowing what data to exchange and how often avoid developers any limitationsor delaying in the process. Future studies can investigate how optimization of data exchange and light environmentcan be achieved with programming and parametric generative design.
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Puidokas, Vytenis. "Design and Research on Sigma-Delta Digital-to-Analog Converters for Audio Power Amplifiers." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20111220_133108-90590.
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The dissertation investigates the issues of analyzing a digital Sigma-Delta digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for audio power amplifiers. The main objects of research include a digital Sigma-Delta audio power DAC, improvement of its structure and an experimental research. The primary purpose of the dissertation is to suggest methods for improvement the structure of digital Sigma-Delta audio power DAC interpolator and the converter analysis.<br>Disertacijoje nagrinėjami Sigma-Delta skaitmeniniai-analoginiai (skaičiaus-analogo, SA) keitikliai garso galios stiprintuvams. Pagrindinis tyrimų objektas – skaitmeninis Sigma-Delta garso galios SA keitiklis, jo sandaros tobulinamas bei eksperimentinis tyrimas. Disertacijos tikslas – pasiūlyti skaitmeninio Sigma-Delta garso galios SA keitiklio interpoliatoriaus struktūros tobulinimo bei keitiklio tyrimo metodus.
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Schroeder, Greyce Nogueira. "Metodologia de modelagem e arquitetura de referência do Digital Twin em sistemas ciber físicos industriais usando AutomationML." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/182314.
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Com as evoluções tecnológicas nas áreas de hardware, microeletrônica, sistemas de informação e computação, o conceito de sistemas ciberfísicos (do inglês Cyber-Physical Systems) vem ganhando importância. Este sistemas se referem à junção entre sistemas computacionais distribuídos e processos físicos da natureza e, são base fundamental para a nova revolução industrial que esta sendo introduzida. Esta revolução industrial é marcada pela completa descentralização do controle dos processos produtivos e uma proliferação de dispositivos inteligentes interconectados, ao longo de toda a cadeia de produção e logística. Sistemas de automação, e particularmente os sistemas de automação industrial, nos quais elementos computacionais controlam e automatizam a execução de processos físicos em plantas industriais, são um exemplo de sistemas ciber-físicos. Com isso, percebe-se que é necessário relacionar objetos físicos a informações associadas a este objeto no mundo cibernético. Para isso, destaca-se o conceito e o uso do Digital Twin, que é uma representação virtual de objetos físicos. O Digital Twin possibilita a virtualização e centralização do controle no produto. Este estudo irá explorar uma metodologia de modelagem genérica e flexível para o Digital Twin usando a ferramenta AutomationML e propor uma arquitetura de comunicação para a troca de dados sob a ótica de Cyber Physical Systems. Com a implementação dessa metodologia, pretende-se validar o conceito proposto e oferecer um método de modelagem e configuração para obter dados, extrair conhecimento e proporcionar sistemas de visualização para os usuários.<br>With technological advances in the fields of hardware, microelectronics and computer systems, Cyber Physical Systems is a new concept that is gaining importance. This systems are integrations of computation, networking, and physical processes. Cyber Physical Systems are one of the pillars for the new industrial revolution, and it is marked by the complete decentralization of the control of production processes and, marked by a proliferation of interconnected intelligent devices throughout the production and logistics chain. Embedded computers and networks monitor and control the physical processes, with feedback loops where physical processes affect computations and vice versa. A industrial automation system, is an example of cyber physical systems where computational elements control and automate the execution of physical processes in industrial plants. Thus, it is clear the need to relate physical objects to information associated with this object in the cyber world. For this, this work pretends to use the concept of Digital Twin, that is a virtual representation of physical objects. Digital Twin enables the virtualization of physical components and descentralization of control. This study will explore a generic and flexible modeling methodology for Digital Twin using the AutomationML tool. Also this work proposes a communication architecture for the exchange of data from the perspective of Cyber Physical Systems. With the implementation of this methodology, we intend to validate the proposed concept and offer a modeling and configuration method to obtain data, extract knowledge and provide visualization systems for users.
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Björklund, Ludvig. "An FMI-compliant process tracking simulator of a multi-effect evaporation plant." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Energivetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80866.
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Andersson, Ebba, and Kajsa Eckerwall. "Enabling Successful Collaboration on Digital Platforms in the Manufacturing Industry : A Study of Digital Twins." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74523.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of how to successfully collaborate on digital platforms in the manufacturing industry by developing a contingency framework. To fulfill this purpose, the following research questions were derived: RQ1: Which challenges arise when collaborating on digital platforms in the manufacturing industry? and RQ2: How can collaboration challenges on digital platforms in the manufacturing industry be managed? Method – The study was conducted as an explorative, inductive single case study of a digital platform. More specifically, the study examined the development process of a digital twin platform created by a large high-technological company and its collaborative actors. In total, 21 interviews were conducted at eight different companies. The respondents all had experience of digital twin platforms, where some were working with digital twins sporadically and others on a daily basis. The data were analyzed through a thematic analysis. Findings – The analysis reveals that actors on digital platforms can face five types of challenges that hinder a successful collaboration: disadvantages of dependency, uncertainty regarding data management, varying customer needs, insufficient work methods, and unsuitable payment models. The analysis also reveals four strategies that can be used to address the challenges: transparency strategy, incentive model strategy, servitization strategy, and control strategy. Moreover, these findings are summarized in a contingency framework that explains which types of challenges that can be addressed with which strategies based on the specific prerequisites of each collaboration. Theoretical and practical implications – The study extends the digital platform literature by providing empirical evidence for several collaboration challenges among the actors on a digital platform, which has previously bee not been studied. Additionally, the study provides evidence of how these challenges can be addressed. Our framework helps manufacturing companies to successfully adopt digital platforms by providing managers with the tools to handle the required collaboration. Limitations and further research – The study is limited by a single case study of a specific digital platform. Thus, to extend the findings, further research that examines other contexts are recommended. Moreover, the establishment of the studied platform is currently in an early phase which limits the study to hypothetical challenges and management methods. To validate the findings, further research that examines a fully developed and implemented platform is recommended.
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Gabellini, Matteo. "Il Paradigma Digital Twin: studio e proposta di un metamodello con esempio applicativo al contesto Healthcare." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20418/.
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Negli ultimi anni si sta diffondendo sempre più l'uso del concetto di Digital Twin in relazione all'Industria 4.0. Nonostante ciò, l'origine del Digital Twin non è legata a tale contesto, ma una prima forma associabile a questo concetto è individuabile fin dai primi anni duemila. L'evoluzione del Digital Twin, dall'origine ad oggi, si è sviluppata in percorsi differenti dando origine per alcuni ad un vero e proprio paradigma. A causa della presenza di differenti percorsi di sviluppo, è possibile trovare diverse visioni, alcune anche con aspetti contrastanti, le quali spesso sono legate allo specifico dominio applicativo in cui sono state formulate.
Tutto ciò può rendere difficile la comprensione di cosa sia un Digital Twin ed il relativo paradigma. Questo lavoro di tesi presenta uno studio che, in risposta a tale problematica, ha l'obiettivo di mettere in relazione le differenti visioni per poter ottenere un quadro complessivo. Esso cercherà di fornire una visione organizzata la quale, partendo da aspetti legati all'ingegneria generale dei sistemi, scenda poi ad aspetti più legati a quella informatica. Dallo studio vengono poi estratte le caratteristiche chiave e concretizzate nella proposta di un metamodello, il quale possa essere utilizzato per la modellazione di sistemi che ricorrono all'uso del concetto di Digital Twin. Si presenta poi un caso di studio relativo all'ambito healthcare per il quale viene discussa la relativa modellazione con i Digital Twin e la rappresentazione sfruttando il metamodello. Infine si discute brevemente alcune prime valutazioni prototipali in merito al caso di studio.
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Uddin, Md Mehrab. "Development of Advanced Process Control for Controlling a Digital Twin as a Part of Virtual Commissioning." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Elektronik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-37079.
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Over the last few decades, the complexity and variety of automation systems have increased dramatically. Commissioning has grown more and more critical for the entire industry. Conventional commissioning is time-consuming and expensive. It's always been a challenge in manufacturing to put new designs into production or implement new technologies, control codes, or tactics. In Virtual Commissioning (VC), control programs of the physical system's Digital Twin (DT) can be validated in Software-in-the-Loop (SIL) before the actual commissioning. The emergence of new VC tools and methods has become a tremendous advantage, bringing the values of shorter duration, flexibility, and lower risks to the commissioning process. In this thesis, advanced process control was developed using the software Matlab and Simulink in conjunction with the engineering tools S7-PLCSIM Advanced and STEP 7 TIA Portal to conduct VC. A VC approach with four key steps is taken to evaluate the possibility of validating advanced process control. The steps are modeling DT of a rolling mill, model-based control design, simulation model development in Simulink, communication between the simulation model and the PLC program using S-7 TIA Portal, and PLCSIM Advanced. Also, a simulated Human-Machine Interface was designed to operate and visualize the process. VC of the rolling mill process was verified and validated by Model-in-the-Loop (MIL) and SIL simulation. The simulation gives satisfactory results as both MIL and SIL show identical outputs of the process.
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Kor, Mergen. "Integration of Digital Twin and Deep Learning for facilitating Smart Planning and Construction: An Exploratory Analysis." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Byggnadsteknik och belysningsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53385.
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The Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry is known to be overwhelmed with resource planning, risk management, and logistic challenges, resulting in design defects, project delivery delays, cost overruns, and contractual disputes. These challenges have instigated research in the application of advanced machine learning algorithms such as Deep learning (DL) to help with diagnostic and prescriptive analysis of causes and preventive measures. Construction 4.0 develops through continuous innovations towards digitalization and intelligence, in order to realize a considerable boost in automation, productivity, and reliability. The Digital Twins, as the next level of planning and process control and automation towards Construction 4.0, will incorporate cognitive features that enable sensing complex and unpredicted behavior and reason about dynamic strategies for process optimization to support decision-making. However, there is still a lack of awareness regarding the real impact of DT integration, DL, and IoT, all connected to self-learning hybrid models with proactive cognitive capabilities for smart planning and construction. This study investigates the potential integration of DT and DL to facilitate smart planning and construction through an explorative analysis to identify and close this gap. Data were collected from global industry experts in a mixed approach with interviews, focus groups, and a survey focusing on the applicability and interoperability of DL integrated DT with decision-support capabilities for process optimization. Based on the results of quantitative and qualitative analyses, a conceptual model of the framework has been developed. The evaluations support that the DL integrated DT model will incorporate cognitive abilities to detect complex and unpredictable actions and reasoning about dynamic process optimization strategies to support decision-making in smart planning and construction.<br>Pre-study for SPARK-SBE potential project
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SALACHORIS, GEORGIOS PANAGIOTIS. "Exploiting Artificial Intelligence to build realistic numerical models: A Digital Twin application in Structural Health Monitoring." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/295395.
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Structural Health Monitoring ha ricevuto un ampio riconoscimento e sviluppo negli ultimi anni. Sono stati fatti progressi in molti campi, come le tecnologie di rilevamento, le applicazioni e l'elaborazione dei dati. A causa della crescente necessità di preservare gli edifici del patrimonio culturale che sono interessati dall'ambiente multi-pericoloso e in particolare dai terremoti, l'automazione delle tecniche di monitoraggio della salute strutturale è diventata un importante argomento di ricerca. La conservazione del patrimonio culturale richiede la combinazione di indagini in situ e modelli analitici accurati al fine di comprendere e interpretare correttamente l'evidenza empirica al fine di applicare con successo analisi strutturali avanzate e valutare lo stato degli edifici del patrimonio.
La Tesi si concentra sui metodi computazionali, sulle tecniche di correlazione e sull'aggiornamento dei modelli con un algoritmo metaeuristico ispirato alla natura indicandone vantaggi e svantaggi. L'applicazione di tutti i componenti si presenta sotto forma di un caso studio in cui il comportamento dinamico della Torre Civica di Ostra viene approfondito mediante un modello numerico dettagliato e calibrato rispetto alle caratteristiche modali sperimentali. L’applicazione si basa sulla procedura automatica di calibrazione mediante un algoritmo genetico metaeuristico basato sulla popolazione e sull'uso dell'apprendimento automatico. Questo passaggio consente di stimare con successo le incertezze dei parametri sconosciuti del materiale, considerando sia un modello comportamentale isotropo che ortotropo per la muratura. I risultati consentono di convalidare la metodologia e stabilire informazioni di base sulle condizioni della struttura insieme a standard di prestazione che serviranno a controllare l'integrità strutturale nel tempo.<br>Structural Health Monitoring has received wide recognition and development the last years. Advancements have been made in many of the fields, like sensing technologies, applications and data processing. Due to the increasing need for preservation of Cultural Heritage buildings that are affected by the multi hazardous environment and specifically earthquakes, the automatization of Structural Health Monitoring techniques has become an important research subject. The preservation of Cultural Heritage requires the combination of in situ investigations and accurate analytical models in order to understand and correctly interpret the empirical evidence in order to to successfully apply advanced structural analyses and assess the state of Heritage Buildings.
The Thesis focuses on the computational methods, correlation techniques and model updating with a nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm indicating their advantages and drawbacks. The application of all the components comes under the form of a case study where the dynamic behavior of the Civic Tower of Ostra is thoroughly investigated by means of a detailed numerical model and calibrated against the experimental modal features. The pairing is based on the automatic procedure of calibration by a metaheuristic population-based genetic algorithm and use of machine learning. This step allows to successfully estimate the uncertainties of the unknown material parameters, considering both an isotropic and an orthotropic behavioral model for masonry. The results enable to validate the methodology and establish baseline information of the condition of the structure along with performance standards that will serve to control the structural integrity over time.
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Boillet, Alice. "optimization of racing strategies using mechanical, and physiological digital twin models : applications in rowing and cycling." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAX062.
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Cette thèse explore l'optimisation des stratégies de course (humaines) en intégrant des modèles mécaniques et physiologiques, et se concentre sur l'aviron et le cyclisme. Tout d’abord, une vue d'ensemble des sports de course souligne l'importance d'optimiser les performances en fonction de la puissance produite pendant la course. Les principes physiologiques de la production d'énergie lors d’efforts physiques sont présentés.Une étude expérimentale révèle comment les athlètes réagissent à différentes stratégies de pacing pour une distance fixe. Un modèle de production d'énergie musculaire est proposé, utilisant des analogies avec les flux de fluides pour évaluer l'efficacité des différentes voies énergétiques. Un modèle des échanges de lactate entre muscle et sang est développé (à partir de l’existant) pour mieux représenter la dynamique du lactate en phase de récupération.Pour l'aviron, un modèle de propulsion relie la puissance des rameurs à la vitesse du bateau, permettant de prédire les temps d'arrivée et d'optimiser les stratégies pour les épreuves olympiques. Pour le cyclisme, un modèle mécanique prédit la vitesse et les temps d'arrivée en fonction de la puissance. Des études de cas sur l'échappée en cyclisme sur route et la récupération en Madison en cyclisme sur piste sont également réalisées, ainsi qu'une optimisation des stratégies de poursuite par équipe<br>This thesis explores the optimization of (human) racing strategies by integrating mechanical and physiological models, focusing on rowing and endurance cycling. First, an overview of racing sports highlights the importance of optimizing performance based on the power produced during the race. The physiological principles of energy production during physical efforts are presented.An experimental investigation reveals how athletes respond to various pacing strategies over a fixed distance. A muscle energy production model is proposed, using analogies with fluid flows to assess the efficiency of different energy pathways. A model of lactate exchange between muscle and blood is developed (from an existing one) to represent the lactate dynamics during recovery.For rowing, a propulsion model links rowers' power to boat speed, allowing for predictions of finish times and optimization of strategies for Olympic events. In cycling, a mechanical model predicts speed and finish times based on power. Case studies on breakaways in road cycling and recovery in Madison cycling events are also conducted, along with optimization of team pursuit strategies
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Noora, Jay Maryam. "Defining infrastructure requirements for the creation of Digital Twins." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-51051.
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Along with the evolution of the new technologies such as industrial internet of things (IIoT), big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), etc., the amalgamation between the cyber and physical worlds in the industrial field has become necessary to realize and achieve the smart factory and increase its productivity. The emergence of the Digital Twin (DT) concept as a technology that ties the physical and digital worlds has gained significant attention around the world during the last years. However, this concept is relatively new; the literature related to this concept is limited, and its application is still under development and requires further participation from both the industry and academia. This thesis project presented the main requirements and the steps for building a DT. Three research questions have been formulated and answered separately to fulfill the objective of this research study. The answer to the first two research questions was mainly based on surveying the scientific literature to explore this concept's background, main infrastructure, related technologies, its applications in the manufacturing domain, open issues, and some opportunities and challenges that hinder its implementation. Further, the answer to the last research question is represented in proposing a general methodology with some detailed steps for DT's building process and validating this methodology with an existing case study to show it works in practice. Further, several aspects needed for future work have also been addressed.
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BLOMKVIST, YLVA, and LOENBOM LEO ULLEMAR. "Improving supply chain visibility within logistics by implementing a Digital Twin : A case study at Scania Logistics." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279054.
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As organisations adapt to the rigorous demands set by global markets, the supply chains that constitute their logistics networks become increasingly complex. This often has a detrimental effect on the supply chain visibility within the organisation, which may in turn have a negative impact on the core business of the organisation. This paper aims to determine how organisations can benefit in terms of improving their logistical supply chain visibility by implementing a Digital Twin — an all-encompassing virtual representation of the physical assets that constitute the logistics system. Furthermore, challenges related to implementation and the necessary steps to overcome these challenges were examined. The results of the study are that Digital Twins may prove beneficial to organisations in terms of improving metrics of analytics, diagnostics, predictions and descriptions of physical assets. However, these benefits come with notable challenges — managing implementation and maintenance costs, ensuring proper information modelling, adopting new technology and leading the organisation through the changes that an implementation would entail. In conclusion, a Digital Twin is a powerful tool suitable for organisations where the benefits outweigh the challenges of the initial implementation. Therefore, careful consideration must be taken to ensure that the investment is worthwhile. Further research is required to determine the most efficient way of introducing a Digital Twin to a logistical supply chain.<br>I takt med att organisationer anpassar sig till de hårda krav som ställs av den globala marknaden ökar också komplexiteten i deras logistiknätverk. Detta har ofta en negativ effekt på synligheten inom logistikkedjan i organisationen, vilken i sin tur kan ha en negativ påverkan på organisationens kärnverksamhet. Målet med denna studie är att utröna de fördelar som organisationer kan uppnå vad gäller att förbättra synligheten inom deras logistikkedjor genom att implementera en Digital Tvilling — en allomfattande virtuell representation av de fysiska tillgångar som utgör logistikkedjan. Resultaten av studien är att Digitala Tvillingar kan vara gynnsamma för organisationer när det gäller att förbättra analys, diagnostik, prognoser och beskrivningar av fysiska tillgångar. Implementationen medför dock utmaningar — hantering av implementations- och driftskostnader, utformning av informationsmodellering, anammandet av ny teknik och ledarskap genom förändringsarbetet som en implementering skulle innebära. Sammanfattningsvis är en Digital Tvilling ett verktyg som lämpar sig för organisationer där fördelarna överväger de utmaningar som tillkommer med implementationen. Därmed bör beslutet om en eventuell implementation endast ske efter noggrant övervägande. Vidare forskning behöver genomföras för att utröna den mest effektiva metoden för att introducera en Digital Tvilling till en logistikkedja.
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Urbani, Michele. "Maintenance policies optimization in the Industry 4.0 paradigm." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/323269.
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Maintenance management is a relevant issue in modern technical systems due to its financial, safety, and environmental implications. The need to rely on physical assets makes maintenance a necessary evil, which, on the other hand, allows achieving a high quality of end products, or services, and a safety level that is adequate for the regulatory requirements. The advent of the fourth industrial revolution offers meaningful opportunities to improve maintenance management; technologies such as Cyber-Physical Systems, the Internet of Things, and cloud computing enable realizing modern infrastructure to support decisions with advanced analytics. In this thesis, the optimization of maintenance policies is tackled in this renewed technological context. The research methods employed in this thesis include interviewing of subject experts, literature research, and numerical experiments. Mathematical modelling is used to model network effects in complex technical systems, and simulations are used to validate the proposed models and methodologies. The problem of maintenance policies comparison is addressed in one of the publications; using the proposed bi-objective analysis, an effective maintenance policy was identified. Maintenance of complex systems organized in a networked fashion is studied in another project, where maintenance costs and system performances are considered. The proposed model allowed to identify a set of non-dominated (in the Pareto sense) maintenance policies, and an efficient resolution procedure was developed. The possibility to use a digital twin to replicate a Cyber-Physical System for maintenance policies optimization is addressed in another publication. The main hurdles in realizing such a complex infrastructure are analyzed, and managerial implications are presented. Finally, following a qualitative research approach, the opportunities offered by additive manufacturing are identified and presented in a book chapter. The opportunities for both maintenance efficiency gains and new business models are identified and discussed.
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Ganestål, Teodor, André Palmborg, Adrian Royo, et al. "Digital Tvilling : Visualisering av personlig hälsodata." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158150.
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Detta projekt är givet som ett kandidatarbete i mjukvaruutveckling vid Linköpingsuniversitet, i kursen TDDD96 Kandidatprojekt i programvaruutveckling. Arbetet är utfört aven grupp tredjeårsstudenter på D- och U-programmen.Projektet ges av forskargruppen för integrerad systembiologi på IMT LiU, som utvecklarmatematiska modeller av biologiska system. Dessa modeller kan användas för att förståsystemen bättre, eller som beslutsstöd inom farmakologi och vård. Forskargruppens fokusför tillfället är att sammankoppla modeller för olika delar av människokroppen till en helhetsbildsom beskriver delsystemens samverkan.Denna helhetsbild för en särskild individs hälsotillstånd kallas för en digital tvilling, förvilken detta projekt ämnar framställa ett användargränssnitt.Användargränssnittet skall erbjuda grafer över hälsoparametrars förändring över tid,och användaren ska kunna ta fram olika sådana genom att interagera med gränssnittet.Utöver framtagning av själva gränssnittet, skall en brygga mellan applikationen ochkundens modeller tas fram. Detta har gjorts genom en version av programmet OpenCOR,vilket forskarna använder sig av, som exponerar ett API i Python. Detta API sammankopplatmed en server kallas i projektet för motor.