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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Digitalis (Drug) Purple foxglove

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Academic literature on the topic 'Digitalis (Drug) Purple foxglove'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Digitalis (Drug) Purple foxglove"

1

Bergmann, Ben A., John M. Dole, and Ingram McCall. "Gibberellic Acid Shows Promise for Promoting Flower Stem Length in Four Field-grown Cut Flowers." HortTechnology 26, no. 3 (2016): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.26.3.287.

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Increasing cut stem length and reducing crop production time are producers’ goals for numerous cut flower species. One or both of these aims was met in several field-grown cultivars through foliar application of gibberellic acid (GA3), but effectiveness varied by cultivar, application rate, and timing. Of the 13 cultivars tested, stem length was increased in nine cultivars [Toreador Red celosia (Celosia argentea), Camelot White foxglove (Digitalis purpurea), Imperial Giants Pink Perfection larkspur (Larkspur hybrids), Compliment mix lobelia (Lobelia hybrids), Nippon Taka ornamental pepper (Capsicum annuum), Amazon Neon Duo and Bouquet Purple sweet william (Dianthus hybrids), Summer Pastels yarrow (Achillea millefolium), and Benary’s Giant Scarlet zinnia (Zinnia elegans)], and time to harvest was decreased in four cultivars [High Tide White ageratum (Ageratum houstonianum), lobelia, ornamental pepper, and zinnia], when GA3 was applied as a foliar spray. Concentrations of 400, 800, and 1600 mg·L−1 GA3 were most effective. Application of GA3 resulted in malformed or smaller flowers or lighter green foliage in foxglove, lobelia, sweet william, and zinnia. In most cases, only one application was tested, and greatest response to GA3 was observed during 3–6 weeks post application. Gibberellic acid did not influence stem length in three cultivars [High Tide White ageratum, Aurora Deep Purple delphinium (Delphinium hybrids), and Column Lilac Lavender stock (Matthiola incana)], and decreased flower stem length in one cultivar (High Tide Blue ageratum). Four cultivars were identified as good candidates for further research given their promising responses to GA3 treatments.

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2

Lioshina, L. G., and O. V. Bulko. "Plant regeneration from hairy roots and calluses of periwinkle Vinca minor L. and foxglove purple Digitalis purpurea L." Cytology and Genetics 48, no. 5 (2014): 302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s009545271405003x.

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3

Tjosvold, S. A., and S. T. Koike. "First Occurrence of Downy Mildew on Digitalis purpurea (Common Foxglove), Caused by Peronospora digitalidis, in California and the United States." Plant Disease 86, no. 10 (2002): 1176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2002.86.10.1176c.

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In California, Digitalis purpurea (common foxglove) and D. grandiflora (yellow foxglove) are grown as cutflower, potted, and landscape plant commodities. In the spring of 2002, after seasonably wet and cool weather, severe downy mildew was observed on potted common foxglove plants in commercial nurseries in coastal California (Santa Cruz County). Initial symptoms on leaves consisted of light green, rectangular areas that were vein-delimited and measured 2 to 5 × 8 to 12 mm. Such spots later became chlorotic. As disease progressed, chlorotic spots coalesced and turned necrotic. The purple-gray sporulation of the pathogen could be seen primarily on abaxial leaf surfaces. However, in some cases, extensive fungal growth developed on adaxial surfaces of lower leaves. Conidiophores branched dichotomously and measured 278 to 520 μm long from the lower end to the first branches and 11 to 14 μm across at the widest part of the swollen base. Branch ends were slender with curved tips that measured 11 to 22 μm long. Conidia were hyaline, ellipsoid to ovoid, and measured 22 to 31 μm × 17 to 19 μm. Oospores were not observed. The pathogen was identified as Peronospora digitalidis (1,2). Pathogenicity tests were not conducted. However, the consistent association of sporulation with symptoms, the internal hyphal growth giving rise to conidiophores, and the obligate nature of Peronospora pathogens clearly indicated that P. digitalidis was the causal agent of this disease. Field observations indicated that D. purpurea cvs. Alba and Apricot and Foxy hybrids were very susceptible, D. × mertonensis ( = D. grandiflora × D. purpurea) appeared to be moderately susceptible, and D. grandiflora grown in the same area was symptomless. One planting of Foxy hybrid was 100% infected, and the entire lot of several hundred plants was discarded. The disease also was found on Foxy hybrid seedlings grown in propagation greenhouses. To our knowledge, this is the first report of downy mildew caused by P. digitalidis on cultivars of D. purpurea in California and the United States. This disease has been reported previously in Europe, Asia, and New Zealand (1,2). References: (1) G. Hall. Mycopathologia 126:47, 1994. (2) E. H. C. McKenzie and J. M. Dingley. N. Z. J. Bot. 34:263, 1996.

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4

Hückelhoven, Ralph, Ingolf Schuphan, Brigitte Thiede, and Burkhard Schmidt. "Biotransformation of Pyrene by Cell Cultures of Soybean (Glycine maxL.), Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.), Jimsonweed (Datura stramoniumL.), and Purple Foxglove (Digitalis purpureaL.)." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 45, no. 1 (1997): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf960314z.

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5

Hutt, Peter B. "The Evolution of Federal Regulation of Human Drugs in the United States: An Historical Essay." American Journal of Law & Medicine 44, no. 2-3 (2018): 403–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0098858818789421.

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Drug development prior to 1800 was based almost completely on observational trial and error. The earliest known exception was a controlled drug trial conducted by James Lind in 1747 on an English ship to show the effectiveness of citrus fruit in the treatment of scurvy. Clinical tests, but not concurrent comparative trials, were conducted by Charles Maitland in 1722 in London to show the effectiveness of variolation in preventing smallpox, and a controlled drug trial was conducted by Edward Jenner in London in 1796 to show the effectiveness of material taken from cowpox sores of young milkmaids (later called smallpox vaccine) in preventing smallpox. In 1775, William Withering learned from an elderly woman herbalist in Shropshire, England about her use of the Foxglove plant (whose active ingredient Withering later determined to be digitalis) in treating heart disease, and in 1785 published the results of his treatment of 158 patients with the drug, but he did not conduct a controlled study.

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6

Krol, Doris Van Der, Ingolf Schuphan, Brigitte Thiede, and Burkhard Schmidt. "Metabolism of [ring-2,6-14]parathion in plant cell suspension cultures of carrot (Daucus carota), purple foxglove (Digitalis purpurea), soybean, thorn apple (Datura stramonium) and wheat (Triticum aestivum)." Pesticide Science 45, no. 2 (1995): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780450208.

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7

Kulyar, Muhammad Fakhar-e.-Alam, Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta, Moazam Ali, Shah Nawaz, and Muhammad Asif. "Conventional Medicine in the Treatment of Different Diseases as a Complementary and Alternative Medicine." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 6 (2020): 1283–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i6.1283-1285.3297.

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Traditional medicine is still the only treatment in many rural areas especially the rural communities of east. Due to limited access to modern medicine, local people use medicinal plants to treat most diseases. Some herbs contain powerful contents and must be treated with the same precautionary care as in the case of drug, we do. In fact, a lot of drugs are basically based on artificial verities of natural composite in plants. For example, the heart drug Digitalis comes from a foxglove plant. Some drugs are single active substance derived from botanical sources. Herbalists believe that if the active ingredient is isolated from other parts of the plant, its action may be lost or its safety may be reduced. E.g, salicylic acid is present in a plant of meadowsweet which is used for aspirin production. Aspirin may cause bleeding in the gastric mucosa, but meadowsweet contains some other compounds naturally that interfere with the stimulation of salicylic acid. According to some practitioners, the effect of whole plant is greater than its parts individually. Critics believe that the nature of the herbs makes itself difficult to administer of such active ingredients. Herbs contain active ingredients, Mostly of them have unknown ingredients. As with other prescription drugs, herbs should always be prescribed by a qualified doctor.

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8

M�ller, Boris P., Andreas Zumdick, Ingolf Schuphan, and Burkhard Schmidt. "Metabolism of the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium in plant cell cultures of transgenic (rhizomania-resistant) and non-transgenic sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris), carrot (Daucus carota), purple foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) and thorn apple (Datura stramonium)." Pest Management Science 57, no. 1 (2001): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1526-4998(200101)57:1<46::aid-ps256>3.0.co;2-1.

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9

Zengin, Gokhan, Ramazan Ceylan, Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan, et al. "Network analysis, chemical characterization, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects of foxglove (Digitalis cariensis Boiss. ex Jaub. & Spach): A novel raw material for pharmaceutical applications." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 191 (November 2020): 113614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113614.

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10

Sharma, Vivekanand, Luiz Fernando Fracassi Gelin, and Indra Neil Sarkar. "Identifying Herbal Adverse Events From Spontaneous Reporting Systems Using Taxonomic Name Resolution Approach." Bioinformatics and Biology Insights 14 (January 2020): 117793222092135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1177932220921350.

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The efficacy and safety of herbal supplements suffer from challenges due to non-uniform representation of ingredient terms within biomedical and observational health data sources. The nature of how supplement data are reported within Spontaneous Reporting Systems (SRS) can limit analyses of supplement-associated adverse events due to the use of incorrect nomenclature or failing to identify herbs. This study aimed to extract, standardize, and summarize supplement-relevant reports from two SRSs: (1) Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and (2) Canada Vigilance Adverse Reaction (CVAR) database. A thesaurus of plant names was developed and integrated with a mapping and normalization approach that accommodated misspellings and variants. The reports gathered from FAERS between the years 2004 and 2016 show 185,915 herbal and 7,235,330 non-herbal accounting for 2.51%. The data from CVAR found 36,940 reports of herbal and 503,580 non-herbal reports between the years 1965 and 2017 for a total of 6.83%. Although not all cases were actual adverse events due to numerous variables and incomplete reporting, it is interesting to note that the herbs most frequently reported and significantly associated with adverse events were as follows: Avena sativa (Oats), Cannabis sativa (marijuana), Digitalis purpurea (foxglove), Humulus lupulus (hops), Hypericum perforatum (St John’s Wort), Paullinia cupana (guarana), Phleum pretense (timothy-grass), Silybum marianum (milk thistle), Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion), and Valeriana officinalis (valerian). Using a scalable approach for mapping and resolution of herb names allowed data-driven exploration of potential adverse events from sources that have remained isolated in this specific area of research. The results from this study highlight several herb-associated safety issues providing motivation for subsequent in-depth analyses, including those that focus on the scope and severity of potential safety issues with supplement use.

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Books on the topic "Digitalis (Drug) Purple foxglove"

1

1741-1799, Withering William, ed. An account of the foxglove and its medical uses, 1785-1985. Oxford University Press, 1985.

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2

1741-1799, Withering William, Withering William 1741-1799, Townsend Helen, and Townsend Joanna, eds. William Withering and the foxglove: A bicentennial selection of letters from the Osler bequest to the Royal Society of Medicine, together with a transcription of "An account of the foxglove" and an introductory essay. MTP Press, 1985.

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3

Withering, William. Account of the Foxglove, and Some of Its Medical Uses: With Practical Remarks on Dropsy and Other Diseases. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2014.

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4

Mann, R. D., Josephine Townsend, and Helen Townsend. William Withering and the Foxglove: A bicentennial selection of letters from the Osler bequest to the Royal Society of Medicine, together with a ... of the Foxglove' and an introductory essay. Springer, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Digitalis (Drug) Purple foxglove"

1

Pamboukian, Sylvia A. "Denotation and Connotation." In Research Methods in Health Humanities, edited by Craig M. Klugman and Erin Gentry Lamb. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190918514.003.0002.

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Research using denotation and connotation explores how words convey meaning to various audiences and illuminates phenomena such as patient resistance, structural barriers to healthcare, and the evolution of specific medical practices. Words such as cancer, natural, narcotic, botanical, palliative, consent, and many others, are ripe for such analysis because each has many denotations (definitions) and connotations (cultural associations). For example, the word digitalis may connote a pretty foxglove flower, a heart drug, or a poison. What might this mean for patients prescribed digitalis? For those who see foxglove as a safer alternative? Denotation and connotation explore how concepts in healthcare emerge, propagate, evolve, or decline within specific communities, at particular historical moments, or across eras and cultures. This chapter offers a theoretical background in literary analysis regarding denotation and connotation and describes how such analyses offer fruitful avenues for research in health humanities.

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